{"id":1442,"date":"2020-09-04T10:41:35","date_gmt":"2020-09-04T10:41:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=1442"},"modified":"2020-09-04T10:41:35","modified_gmt":"2020-09-04T10:41:35","slug":"nguon-goc-lich-su-ra-doi-va-phat-trien-cua-phat-giao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/09\/04\/nguon-goc-lich-su-ra-doi-va-phat-trien-cua-phat-giao\/","title":{"rendered":"Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2022 Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch \u2013 ca \u2013 m\u00e2u \u2013 ni.<br>\u201cTheo s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni (Shakya thub-pa), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt C\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0m (Gau-ta-ma), s\u1ed1ng trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 566 \u0111\u1ebfn 485 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Trung B\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/pAFXq7PsiTZQU-4ylsPM-dB8zu067tNcJ3U056i82hA=w486-h364-no\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ee9c ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch - ca - m\u00e2u - ni khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ee9c ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch \u2013 ca \u2013 m\u00e2u \u2013 ni khi c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni (Shakya thub-pa) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn binh, qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c gi\u00e0u sang \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00edch Ca (Shakya), c\u00f3 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Ca T\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7 (Kapilavastu, Ser-skya\u2019i gnas), n\u1eb1m \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nepal ng\u00e0y nay. Ng\u00e0i sanh ra l\u00e0 th\u00e1i t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1t \u0110a (Siddhartha,Don-grub). Ph\u1ee5 th\u00e2n ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n (Shuddhodana, Zas gtsang-ma). M\u1eabu th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Ma Gia (Maya-devi, Lha-mo sGyu-\u2018 phrul-ma). \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 thai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 trong gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1, b\u00e0 Ma Gia th\u1ea5y con voi tr\u1eafng s\u00e1u ng\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u00ean h\u00f4ng b\u00e0 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft A T\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0 (Asita), r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng vua v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft cao qu\u00fd. V\u1ec1 sau, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3n sanh thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eeb b\u00ean h\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 ng\u00e0i \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng xa th\u00e0nh Ca T\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7, trong v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m T\u1ef3Ni (Lumbini Grove, Lumbi-na\u2019i tshal), vi\u1ec7c Ng\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i b\u1ea3y b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea3n sanh v\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u201cta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i\u201d, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 ng\u00e0i sau khi sanh ra ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; Th\u1eddi ni\u00ean thi\u1ebfu, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi hoan l\u1ea1c. Ng\u00e0i l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai l\u00e0 La H\u1ea7u La (Rahula, sGra-gcan \u2018dzin). Trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n v\u1ec1 sau c\u00f3 ghi t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 Da Du \u0110\u00e0 La (Yashodhara, Grags \u2018 dzin-ma). Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00fac hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u00edn tu\u1ed5i, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1o lang thang h\u00e0nh kh\u1ea5t (dge-sbyong)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u2022 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/UXlvWuZfIrW0u-JfXqUiZrrk5Xxg8_ihfalYSovJPUE=w274-h184-no\" alt=\"S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y nay\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y nay<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni \u0111\u00e3 v\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn lao, m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, quy\u1ec1n uy, ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00e0i tho\u00e1t. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, sau khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3 V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c h\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 sanh. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 chu du kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a \u1ea5y, t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c B\u1eafc d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n n\u00fai Hymalaya, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c Nam b\u00ean ven s\u00f4ng Gange (s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng).<br>\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p th\u1eadm th\u00e2m vi di\u1ec7u m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc, v\u00e0 th\u1ecd h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1c m\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 ph\u00fac mang \u0111\u1ebfn. Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa kinh, k\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 153-154, \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng Ph\u1eadt ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y:<br><em>\u201cLang thang bao ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ta t\u00ecm nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Kh\u1ed5 thay, ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; \u00d4i! Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 kia<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; Nay ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u01a1i<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 n\u1eefa<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u0110\u00f2n tay ng\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ecb g\u1eaby<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; K\u00e8o c\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ecb tan<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; T\u00e2m ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/em><br><em>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Tham \u00e1i th\u1ea3y ti\u00eau phong\u201d<\/em><br>(B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u)<br>C\u00e2u kinh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi ca kh\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u1ebb vang r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 sau cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng gian nan. \u00d4ng th\u1ee3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho \u00e1i d\u1ee5c, v\u00f4 minh, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o lu\u00f4n \u1ea9n s\u00e2u k\u00edn trong m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nay \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ebf gian m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc lu\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng tri \u00e2n s\u00e2u sa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 che n\u1eafng che m\u01b0a cho Ng\u00e0i trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng xa \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eam b\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ecd su\u1ed1t trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n. Sau n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y vua Asoka (A D\u1ee5c) d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u00e1p k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Animisalocana Cetiya, nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t s\u00e2u k\u00edn, kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng, t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, si\u00eau l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, ly d\u1ee5c, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc; c\u00f2n ch\u00fang sanh th\u00ec lu\u00f4n ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u v\u00e0o \u00e1i d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn, ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u2026 L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u1ea5y? V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i, v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u00f3 h\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang sinh \u00edt nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i \u0111\u1eddi; c\u00f3 h\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9n c\u0103n, l\u1ee3i c\u0103n; c\u00f3 h\u1ea1ng thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh, \u00e1c t\u00e1nh; c\u00f3 h\u1ea1ng d\u1ec5 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, kh\u00f3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a\u2026 Nh\u01b0 trong h\u1ed3 sen xanh, h\u1ed3 sen h\u1ed3ng, h\u1ed3 sen tr\u1eafng, sanh ra d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1edbn l\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc; c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i sanh ra d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1edbn l\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt\u2026\u201d (Trung B\u1ed9 I). V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh sen v\u01b0\u01a1n ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh \u1edf l\u01b0ng ch\u1eebng, nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh \u1edf s\u00e2u trong l\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v.v\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean trong Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n v\u1ec1 c\u0103n c\u01a1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u01a1 th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 c\u00e1nh sen \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u01a1 trung b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh sen \u1edf l\u01b0ng ch\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u01a1 cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp thu tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh sen \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00f4 ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. D\u00f9 s\u1ed1ng trong nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, nm\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, nh\u01b0 hoa sen d\u00f9 s\u1ed1ng trong b\u00f9n tanh h\u00f4i, v\u1eabn t\u1ecfa h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m ng\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi ba l\u1ea7n th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n nguy\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00f3ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng tr\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gian, v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1edbi c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee9u kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t kh\u1ed5, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f5i b\u1ea5t sanh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, c\u00f5i Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai m\u1edf: \u201cC\u1eeda b\u1ea5t t\u1eed r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf, cho nh\u1eefng ai ch\u1ecbu nghe\u2026\u201d (Trung B\u1ed9 I). V\u00e0 b\u00e1nh xe Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay.<br>\u2013&nbsp; M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong tr\u00e0o truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i lan xa v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean ti\u1ec3u l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 Ch\u00e2u \u00c1. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m tinh t\u00fay v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng bi m\u1eabn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00f3i chung v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ed1i cao. M\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt lan truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ri\u00eang v\u00e0 v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ea7n ri\u00eang. Hi\u1ec7n nay, v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 hai nh\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh. Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba (Hinayana), hay C\u1ed7 Xe Nh\u1ecf, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, trong khi \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba (Mahayana), hay C\u1ed7 Xe L\u1edbn, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed7i nh\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7n nay, ba h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 Theravada, \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, v\u00e0 hai nh\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba lan r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00edch Lan (Sri Lanka) v\u00e0 Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00e2n Nam (Yunnan), ph\u00eda T\u00e2y Nam Trung qu\u1ed1c, Th\u00e1i Lan, L\u00e0o, Cao Mi\u00ean (Cambodia), mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng (Indonesia). Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc t\u00fai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i B\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea3o \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed xa h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 Alexandria, Ai C\u1eadp. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba c\u0169ng lan \u0111i t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn Pakistan, Kashmir, A Ph\u00fa H\u00e3n (Afghanistan), v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Iran, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan v\u00e0 Tajikistan ng\u00e0y nay. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u bang c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Gandhara, Bactria, Parthia v\u00e0 Sogdia. T\u1eeb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u00f9ng Trung \u00c1, c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba n\u00e0y lan r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 hai sau c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng Turkistan (Xinjiang) v\u00e0 xa h\u01a1n v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn Kyrgyzstan v\u00e0 Kazakhstan v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft v\u00f9ng Trung \u00c1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c sau n\u00e0y lan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c Shaivite c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o, lan truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn Nepal, Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, M\u00e3 Lai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, k\u1ebf th\u1eeba to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Hy M\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, \u0110\u00f4ng Turkistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, ph\u00eda B\u1eafc N\u1ed9i Trung Hoa, M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u, Siberia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Kalmyk thu\u1ed9c M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 g\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3n Caspian, thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013&nbsp; S\u1ef1 lan r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an h\u00f2a, theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp ra ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c l\u00e2n c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u0103ng s\u0129 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o theo \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi, v\u00ec ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 sau n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ecd chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c cho \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt\u201d hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 xa nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngu\u1ed3n: budsas<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-wordpress wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-ph\u1eadt-giao-vi\u1ec7t-nam\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/phatgiaovietnam.vn\/nguon-goc-lich-su-ra-doi-va-phat-trien-cua-phat-giao\/\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1443,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,84],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-1442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dao-phat","category-lich-su-dao-phat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1442"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1444,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442\/revisions\/1444"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1442"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=1442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}