{"id":16605,"date":"2022-02-13T21:21:36","date_gmt":"2022-02-13T14:21:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=16605"},"modified":"2022-02-13T21:28:17","modified_gmt":"2022-02-13T14:28:17","slug":"dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-bo-de-dao-thu-de-dai-luan-quyen-thuong-p1-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2022\/02\/13\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-bo-de-dao-thu-de-dai-luan-quyen-thuong-p1-2\/","title":{"rendered":"[\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8] B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn\u00a0\u2013 Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (P1\/2)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-trinh-x\u1eed-ly-nhung wp-block-embed-trinh-x\u1eed-ly-nhung\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/youtube.com\/watch?v=NPgXprcua58%3Flist%3DPLNWJmusRskjtSFy6faQNZbzRwBDrDr0GA\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1236\" height=\"695\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NPgXprcua58?list=PLNWJmusRskjtSFy6faQNZbzRwBDrDr0GA\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T\u1eadp 1<br><\/strong><strong>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;\u2013 Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3:&nbsp;<strong>Tsongkhapa<\/strong><br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"395\" src=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/131.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-16606\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/131.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/131-228x300.jpg 228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/07\/13.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u1ee5c L\u1ee5c:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/2\/\">L\u1eddi N\u00f3i \u0110\u1ea7u C\u1ee7a B\u1ea3n D\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Ng\u1eef<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/3\/\">K\u00ednh L\u1ec5 &amp; L\u1eddi C\u1ea3m T\u1ea1<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/4\/\">L\u1eddi T\u1ef1a T\u1eeb Ch\u1ee7 Bi\u00ean C\u1ee7a B\u1ea3n D\u1ecbch Anh Ng\u1eef<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/5\/\">L\u1eddi N\u00f3i \u0110\u1ea7u Cho B\u1ea3n D\u1ecbch Anh Ng\u1eef<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/6\/\">Lamrim Lotsawas &amp; B\u1ea3ng Ch\u1eef Vi\u1ebft T\u1eaft<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/7\/\">D\u00e0n \u00dd T\u1eadp I<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/8\/\">Khai Lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-1\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1: Ati\u015ba<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-2\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: Gi\u00e1 Tr\u1ecb Cao Qu\u00fd C\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-3\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u00e1ch L\u1eafng Nghe v\u00e0 L\u00fd Gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-4\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4: N\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ef1a V\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-5\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5: Th\u1eddi Thi\u1ec1n<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-6\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6: B\u00e1c B\u1ecf Quan Ni\u1ec7m Sai L\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-7\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7: M\u1ed9t Ki\u1ebfp Ng\u01b0\u1eddi An l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-8\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8: Ba Lo\u1ea1i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-9\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9: Ch\u00e1nh Ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-10\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 10: Qu\u00e1n T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 Ki\u1ebfp S\u1ed1ng T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai c\u1ee7a Qu\u00fd V\u1ecb<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-11\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 11: Quy Y Tam B\u1ea3o<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-12\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 12: Gi\u1edbi Quy Y<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-13\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 13: C\u00e1c T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-14\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 14: C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p Kh\u00e1c Nhau<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-15\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 15: Trau d\u1ed3i Gi\u1edbi H\u1ea1nh<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-16\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 16: Th\u00e1i \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f3 \u00cdt Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-17\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 17: T\u00e1m Lo\u1ea1i Kh\u1ed5<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-18\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 18: S\u00e1u Lo\u1ea1i Kh\u1ed5<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-19\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 19: Thi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n Th\u00eam v\u1ec1 Kh\u1ed5<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-20\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 20: Ngu\u1ed3n G\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a S\u1ef1 Kh\u1ed5<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-21\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 21: M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-22\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 22: Th\u00e1i \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a M\u1ed9t Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f3 Kh\u1ea3 N\u0103ng Trung B\u00ecnh<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-23\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 23: N\u1eafm Ch\u1eafc B\u1ea3n Ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Con \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng D\u1eabn T\u1edbi Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-24\/\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 24: T\u00ednh Ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Tam V\u00f4 L\u1eadu H\u1ecdc<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/07\/21.jpg?resize=300%2C393\" alt=\"2\" class=\"wp-image-5931\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/07\/21.jpg\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tsongkhapa Losangdrakpa (1357 \u2013 1419) \u2013 \u1ea2nh ngu\u1ed3n: Phuntsok Cho Ling Buddhist Center<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B\u1ea3n Quy\u1ec1n:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas gi\u1eef to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n d\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed cho b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc hay t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh ri\u00eang t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u00fd ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i dung hay tr\u00edch d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u00e0y v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ra ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c tu h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p chu\u1ea9n thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ecdi li\u00ean h\u1ec7 xin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u00f5 Quang Nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Phone:0011-1-832-368-4054<br>Email: Lang.dau@gmail.com\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eef T\u1ea1ng,xin download b\u1ed9 ch\u1eef T\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh \u1edf nh\u00e0,unzip xong c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u00e1y:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/images\/upload\/PDF_Books\/LRCM_fonts.zip\"><strong>B\u1ed9 ch\u1eef T\u1ea1ng<\/strong><\/a>\u0110\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i s\u00e1ch d\u1ea1ng file PDF:<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.files.wordpress.com\/2021\/03\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-final-tap-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.files.wordpress.com\/2021\/03\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-final-tap-1.pdf\">\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Giai tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 T\u1eadp 1 (\u00a0Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n rev.1.10.23\u00a0C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt 03\/2019)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u1eddi N\u00f3i \u0110\u1ea7u C\u1ee7a B\u1ea3n D\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Ng\u1eef<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00ednh b\u1ea1ch qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 t\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch&nbsp;<em>Lamrim Chenmo<\/em>&nbsp;(tib. \u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c) hay&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn V\u1ec1 Giai Tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/em>&nbsp;(T\u00ean H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Tsongkhapa Losangdrakpa (tib. \u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54) ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1402 t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p li\u1ec5u ngh\u0129a[1]. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba Gelug, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kim Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama th\u1ee9 14 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xin c\u00f3 \u00edt l\u1eddi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh minh \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 qua c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tu t\u1eadp c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tri ki\u1ebfn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n d\u1ec5 tu h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p vi di\u1ec7u cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba \u1edf m\u1ecdi m\u1ee9c c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp t\u1eeb l\u00fac chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c th\u00e2m cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. Trong b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch, c\u00f3 khi Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng tu t\u1eadp M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng quan, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ea3 thi cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m tu t\u1eadp cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia hay xu\u1ea5t gia, d\u1eabu r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u00edch nghi v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed xu\u1ea5t gia. Song, nh\u00ecn chung th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang theo c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m ba quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (t\u1eadp 1), Trung (t\u1eadp 2) v\u00e0 H\u1ea1 (t\u1eadp 3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, song song v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, Ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa n\u00e2ng m\u1ee9c tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb s\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u \u1edf quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tranh bi\u1ec7n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 trong quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1. Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng vi t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu (Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf) l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u hay di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00e2y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 Tsongkhapa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ngo\u00e0i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i dung hay kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tu h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tr\u00f2, lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi, T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 vv\u2026 Quy\u1ec3n 2 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tu t\u1eadp cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u01a1 cao h\u01a1n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi, b\u1ea3y ph\u00e9p luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, ph\u00e9p ho\u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n ng\u00e3-tha, ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n v\u00e0o s\u00e1u Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a \u0111\u1ea7u. Quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hai Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a cu\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n. Trong quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1, ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft hay \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u00e1n C\u1ee5 Duy\u00ean (hay Trung Qu\u00e1n Quy M\u1eadu, skt. Prasa\u1e45gika) v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, qua \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u00e1n C\u1ee5 Duy\u00ean \u201cch\u1ec9 ra\u201d t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng hay v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Tsongkhapa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>T\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed Ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i sinh n\u0103m 1357 t\u1ea1i Amdo \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn 7 tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec ng\u00e0i s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Ch\u00f6je D\u00f6ndrup Rinchen. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 ban truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tu t\u1eadp c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n khi c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb n\u0103m 16 tu\u1ed5i Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 50 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang. T\u1eeb 1371 \u0111\u1ebfn 1376, Ng\u00e0i t\u1eadp trung tu h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 5 b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Di-l\u1eb7c. T\u1ed5 Tsongkhapa \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tu t\u1eadp phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 tri ki\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t uy\u00ean th\u00e2m v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u1eabn m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eadn th\u00eam c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 ban truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tu t\u1eadp t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 mong m\u1ecfi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i du h\u00f3a t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u th\u00eam tri ki\u1ebfn tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i 35, t\u1ed5 Tsongkhapa g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Umapa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 {Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 (tib. \u0f61\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f64\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7c\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f90\u0f74)} c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i. Umapa tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap Tsongkhapa tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i. Sau c\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh t\u1ed5 Tsongkhapa c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh tr\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i V\u0103n-th\u00f9. Trong 1392-1393, theo gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a V\u0103n-th\u00f9, ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung \u1ea9n c\u01b0 tu thi\u1ec1n. 1394 Ng\u00e0i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn W\u00f6lka v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ebfn 1395 Ng\u00e0i t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng \u1ea9n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia tu s\u1eeda t\u00f4n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt Di-l\u1eb7c. Ba n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp sau ng\u00e0i tu t\u1eadp \u1edf Lodrak v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1397 ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea7n \u1ea9n c\u01b0 cu\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i W\u00f6lka. Trong n\u0103m 1398 Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 duy\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ki\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 Ph\u1eadt H\u1ed9, trao truy\u1ec1n cho Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn (<em>Ph\u1eadt H\u1ed9 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/em>). Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch ra T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef b\u1ea3n Lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 Ph\u1eadt H\u1ed9. Qua \u0111\u00f3, Ng\u00e0i th\u1ea5u t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p cho \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i truy t\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 4 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng bao g\u1ed3m: (1) Tr\u00f9ng tu t\u00f4n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Di-l\u1eb7c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, (2) Ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c t\u0103ng s\u0129 trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n Namste Deng qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng tu t\u1eadp xu\u1ea5t gia, (3) X\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ec5 C\u1ea7u Nguy\u1ec7n\u201d t\u1ea1i Lhasa 1409, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i hai tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, (4) X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n Ganden (H\u1ef7 L\u1ea1c T\u1ef1)[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch n\u0103m 1419. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba Gelug c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to t\u00e1t v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1 c\u00f4ng phu n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin c\u00f3 v\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3c qua v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef. B\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e1c ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 t\u00ean t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. V\u00ec t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef s\u1ebd gi\u1eef h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n c\u00e1c ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u0111\u00f3. Do v\u1eady, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u \u201cl\u00e0m quen\u201d v\u1edbi b\u1ea3ng vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft t\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m tham chi\u1ebfu. \u0110\u1ec3 cho ti\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch (thay v\u00ec \u1edf cu\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c truy c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u1ea3ng vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00edt ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng th\u00eam ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n: skt. t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Sanskrit hay Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef, chn. t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Chinese hay Hoa ng\u1eef, tib. t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef, \u2026 Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng ghi r\u00f5 th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho skt. t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Sanskrit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00fa th\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ng\u1eafn:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp hay \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin. \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5 ch\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ec3 cho ti\u1ec7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef, c\u00e1c ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf cu\u1ed1i quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc theo d\u00f5i (nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng ebook) nay s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i trang. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef t\u1ea1o ra th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi BA&lt;XYZ&gt;, trong \u0111\u00f3, BA h\u00e0m \u00fd \u201cch\u00fa th\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef\u201d v\u00e0 &lt;XYZ&gt; l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa th\u00edch n\u00e0y t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef. Qua \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c tham chi\u1ebfu hay so s\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00fa th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hay ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 khi l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec1. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n thay v\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n hay c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00fa th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch v\u0103n ch\u00ednh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef hay t\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb ghi th\u00eam n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch v\u0103n ch\u00ednh, th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c nh\u1ecdn: {\u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb ch\u00e8n th\u00eam c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch vi\u1ec7t}. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, khi \u0111\u1ecdc, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb trong ngo\u1eb7c vu\u00f4ng; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa th\u00eam c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n: [\u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb ch\u00e8n th\u00eam c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb c\u00f2n \u00edt kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 \u00fd th\u00eam v\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00fa th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 n\u1eafm m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh v\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc th\u1eadt ra c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb d\u00f9ng trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u mang n\u1eb7ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef H\u00e1n hay kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch tra c\u1ee9u. (B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e2m r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc r\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng Hoa tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c hay khoe khoan ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao cho c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. Do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd t\u00f9y theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng hay ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ch\u1eef th\u00edch nghi. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n chung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb v\u1ed1n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n hay t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i (ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n) th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00fa th\u00edch n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ec3 cho r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh v\u0103n c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xem (\u0111\u1ecbnh danh) l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u \u00fd qua c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u00fa th\u00edch ng\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3ng khung trong hai d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c nh\u1ecdn {\u2026} hay qua c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa. C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u00ean s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef phi\u00ean \u00e2m: Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 l\u1ed1i d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef trung gian (nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a Hoa ng\u1eef ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n), tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1eef phi\u00ean \u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 quen thu\u1ed9c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1eef Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a (skt. P\u0101ramit\u0101) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ed1i h\u1ea3o\u201d, \u201cto\u00e0n h\u1ea3o\u201d hay \u201cto\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n\u201d s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i v\u00ec n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c trong khi t\u00ean Ba-t\u1ea9u-b\u00e0n-\u0111\u1eadu v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ch\u1eef H\u00e1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ean Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (skt. Vasubandhu). Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u g\u1ea1ch n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111a \u00e2m ti\u1ebft nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u1ea1i. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5: Th\u00edch-ca M\u00e2u-ni, M\u1ee5c-ki\u1ec1n-li\u00ean, B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, \u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng theo m\u1ed9t quy c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 tra c\u1ee9u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. T\u00ean kinh lu\u1eadn: Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng chung, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u00ean c\u00e1c kinh hay lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t n\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t quy c\u00e1ch. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch v\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a hay qu\u00e1 th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng theo l\u1ed1i phi\u00ean \u00e2m. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5&nbsp;<em>Kinh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00ean t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh, c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m hay tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c (tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00ean t\u1ef1a vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb ri\u00eang v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft hoa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef trong t\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi). Th\u00ed d\u1ee5&nbsp;<em>Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean hoa kinh<\/em>. C\u00e1c t\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in nghi\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 t\u00ean c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean Ph\u1ea1n nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfu theo c\u00e1c t\u00ean theo t\u00ean Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c kinh v\u0103n H\u00e1n t\u1ea1ng thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng t\u00ean d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb kho H\u00e1n t\u1ea1ng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean quen thu\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tham chi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u1eeb Kho D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u S\u1ed1 Th\u01b0 M\u1ee5c Tam T\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc Trung Hoa \u2013 Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed (&lt;http:\/\/jinglu.cbeta.org\/&gt;)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. T\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Pali: H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ean phi\u00ean \u00e2m n\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00ean phi\u00ean \u00e2m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i. Ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng l\u1ed1i phi\u00ean \u00e2m La-tinh h\u00f3a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Pali (hay ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n). Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 hay \u0100nanda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b) Nh\u00e2n V\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Sanskrit (Ph\u1ea1n): d\u00f9ng l\u1ed1i t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0: Long Th\u1ecd, Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n, Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng, Ph\u00e1p X\u1ee9ng, Li\u00ean Hoa Gi\u1edbi \u2026 Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i t\u00ean Ph\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 La-tinh h\u00f3a ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng Ati\u015ba thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng Nhi\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng C\u00e1t T\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00ed (qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i) hay A-\u0111\u1ec1-sa (phi\u00ean \u00e2m)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c) Nh\u00e2n V\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng: t\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng mang nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng l\u1ed1i phi\u00ean \u00e2m La-tinh h\u00f3a. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Sopa Rinpoche, Dalai Lama.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. T\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba danh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng: d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b) T\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba danh kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c: d\u00f9ng l\u1ed1i phi\u00ean \u00e2m La-tinh h\u00f3a theo l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft Anh ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00fd do m\u00e0 trong kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00eau tr\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 La-tinh h\u00f3a (thay v\u00ec ti\u1ebfng phi\u00ean \u00e2m H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t) l\u00e0 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tu sinh thu\u1ed9c gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 tra c\u1ee9u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp qua Internet (thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch truy ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i d\u1ea1ng vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tra c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp cho ra ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00f4i khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gai g\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng xin l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u00eam, trong v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng trong s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 ghi r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee5 ch\u00fa, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p theo m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang theo c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch hay c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 hay t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 trong n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y. K\u00ednh mong qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea v\u00e0i t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh. C\u00f2n chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n tham chi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trong c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa qua \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy t\u1ea7m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Steps on the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>&nbsp;(vol1, 2, and 3 \u2013 Copyright 2008) l\u00e0 lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 Lamrim Chenmo do ng\u00e0i Geshe Lhundub Sopa so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu, tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 ch\u00fa t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00fa th\u00edch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u hay kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u1ea3n m\u1ea1n trong c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa th\u00eam c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb Rigpa Shedra (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org\/\">www.rigpawiki.org<\/a>) v\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra Anh ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 danh t\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 quen thu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa th\u00edch gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a v\u00ec e r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc th\u00eam s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u1ec1 d\u00e0n \u00fd:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e0n \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n theo s\u00e1t b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do d\u00e0n \u00fd c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0i ch\u00fa \u00fd. Trong n\u1ed9i dung tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eeba l\u1ec1 cho c\u00e1c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1, ph\u00e2n m\u1ee5c, \u2026 ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ki\u1ec3u ch\u1eef t\u00f4 \u0111\u1eadm. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng d\u00e0n \u00fd s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i so v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng d\u00e0n \u00fd chung c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Do v\u1eady, trong m\u1ed7i quy\u1ec3n trong b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch, d\u00e0n \u00fd \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u1ea1i trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn l\u1edbn, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 xu\u1ea5t, d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u00ec gi\u1edd trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u00e0 theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 s\u1ebd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3m k\u00edch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n, khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf hay l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, bi\u1ebft \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 kinh lu\u1eadn, c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tr\u00ec nh\u1eabn khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n trau d\u1ed3i tu h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Tu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama c\u00f3 d\u1ea1y:&nbsp;<em>\u2026 Do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Tsongkhapa \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u2018n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ta&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y li\u1ec5u ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/em>)<em>&nbsp;m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \u0111i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd th\u00ec c\u00e1c con kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean xem k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hay c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 uy t\u00edn\u2019<\/em>.[3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo nh\u01b0 \u00fd ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u00f9 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, c\u1ee7a b\u1ed5n s\u01b0 hay c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thao t\u00e1c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 n\u1eefa ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u00f3i quen ph\u00e2n t\u00edch lu\u1eadn l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu dong ru\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c cung \u1ee9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh, r\u00f5 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 thi cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u0103ng sinh v\u1ed1n mong m\u1ecfi tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t hu\u1ea5n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00eam cho ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3ng lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba v\u1ed1n c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb cho c\u00e1c b\u1eadc thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp xem qua, so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tu t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Mong r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1eadt h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tu t\u1eadp tinh t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c xin h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng cho s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<em>[4]<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Li\u00ean l\u1ea1c:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xin vui l\u00f2ng d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas qua \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 lang.dau@gmail.com v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y.<br>K\u00ednh ch\u00fac t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n t\u00e2m h\u1eb1ng t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 an l\u1ea1c<br>M\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n 2012.<br>Nh\u00f3m Lamrim Lotsawas<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/3\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]<em>The Great Lam Rim<\/em>. Choden Rinpoche. Truy c\u1eadp:07\/01\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.lamrim.com\/lamrim\/&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]<em>Lama Tsongkhapa\u2019s Biography<\/em>. Lama Yeshe Wisdom Archieve. Truy c\u1eadp: 07\/01\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.lamayeshe.com\/index.php?sect=author&amp;subsect=bio&amp;id=37&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]Ph\u00fat 40. Ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng.&nbsp;<em>The Great Treatise on the Stages of the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>. T\u1ea1i: Ch\u00e1nh T\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, Dharamsala, \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9 Ng\u00e0y: 23-25 th\u00e1ng 10 2011. Truy c\u1eadp: 04\/02\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.dalailama.com\/webcasts\/post\/211-the-great-treatise-on-the-stages-of-the-path-to-enlightenment&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4] Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111au kh\u1ed5. Trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft g\u1ecdn thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh ch\u00fang sinh l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>K\u00ednh l\u1ec5 &amp; L\u1eddi c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft ch\u00fang con xin d\u00e2ng l\u1eddi t\u00e1n th\u00e1n ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, ch\u01b0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean H\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p, ch\u01b0 Th\u1ea7y, ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba N\u0101land\u0101 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00fang con r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tinh t\u1ea5n, n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a n\u01a1i Tam B\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang con xin d\u00e2ng l\u00ean Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Lamrim Chenmo v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00fang sinh v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nguy\u1ec7n h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 cho s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u1eddi C\u1ea3m T\u1ea1<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Xin ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 B\u1ed9 V\u0103n H\u00f3a v\u00e0 T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o T\u1eady T\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u2013 T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ee9c Tsering Phuntsok Rinpoche \u0111\u00e3 hoan h\u1ef7 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y v\u1edbi mong m\u1ecfi \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn lao cho c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn an l\u1ea1c trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ed7n \u0111\u1ed9n n\u00e0y<strong>[1]<\/strong>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Xin th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh tri \u00e2n ng\u00e0i Lama Zopa Rinpoche s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp vi\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ni s\u01b0 T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ee9c Holly Ansett T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c FPMT (S\u00e1ng H\u1ed9i B\u1ea3o T\u1ed3n Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba) \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o duy\u00ean cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 k\u00fd k\u1ebft c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3m th\u00e1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Geshe Lhundub Sopa, qua \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 vui l\u00f2ng cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Steps on the Path to Enlightenment (C\u00e1c B\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u00ean L\u1ed9 Tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ebfn Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9) nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh cho \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Xin ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 Geshe Passang Gelek, Geshe Ngawang Thogmey, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00e1nh, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ph\u00e1p Quang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn t\u00ecnh h\u1ecfi han, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Xin c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 Nh\u00e0 in H\u01b0\u01a1ng Trang v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Snow Lion khi l\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Xin c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu TS. Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00ea Th\u00fay Anh, c\u01b0 s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Minh Ti\u1ebfn, c\u01b0 s\u0129 T\u00f4 T\u00e2m, v\u00e0 c\u01b0 s\u0129 Ng\u00f4 Don \u0111\u00e3 hoan h\u1ef7 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>C\u0169ng xin tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng ghi \u00e2n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n quy\u1ebfn gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt lamrim lotsawas \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u00ec gi\u1edd qu\u00fd b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y trong th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd v\u00f4 \u00edch n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qua c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1eeb ph\u1ee5 Th\u00edch-ca M\u00e2u-ni. Xin ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u00e2m th\u1ea7m ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]Theo n\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0 g\u1eedi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng V\u0103n H\u00f3a T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng cho \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu L\u00ea Xu\u00e2n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n nh\u00f3m d\u1ecbch lamrim lotsawas v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 01 n\u0103m 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u1eddi T\u1ef1a T\u1eeb Ch\u1ee7 Bi\u00ean C\u1ee7a B\u1ea3n D\u1ecbch Anh Ng\u1eef<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch g\u1ed3m ba t\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Giai Tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9 (Byang chub lam rim che ba).&nbsp;<\/em>T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>(bodhichitta, byang chub kyi sems).&nbsp;<\/em>Nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, v\u00e0 t\u1eadp cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh&nbsp;<em>(\u015bamatha, zhignas)<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7&nbsp;<em>(Vipassan\u0101, lhag mthong).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Trung T\u00e2m H\u1ecdc T\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng (TTHTPGTT). Trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Geshe Ngawang Wangyal<a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16884_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>\u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 c\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1958 t\u1ea1i Washington, New Jersey. Geshela l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i x\u1ee9 s\u1edf n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>Giai Tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/em>&nbsp;<em>(lam rim)&nbsp;<\/em>do Tsongkhapa vi\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Geshela vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1983. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p&nbsp;<em>lam rim<\/em>&nbsp;nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i t\u1ea1i TTHTPGTT c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u trung t\u00e2m Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y nay nh\u01b0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>Giai Tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/em>&nbsp;tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 giai tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Gelug<a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16884_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn V\u1ec1 Giai Tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9,&nbsp;<\/em>v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 mang m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh v\u0103n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, cho t\u1edbi nay ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991 Loling Geshe Yeshe Tapkay v\u00e0 Donald Lopez, khi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i TTHTPGTT , \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb TTHTPGTT t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch b\u1ed9&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn.&nbsp;<\/em>T\u00f4i nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn \u00fd ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y. L\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Geshe Wangyal t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m k\u00edch. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u1ea1y ri\u00eang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng g\u00e2y th\u00eam \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho t\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n&nbsp;<em>Giai Tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ea1o&nbsp;<\/em><em>Nhanh Ch\u00f3ng (Lam rim myur lam)&nbsp;<\/em>c\u1ee7a Losang Yeshe ghi r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9c V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa vi\u1ebft&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi&nbsp;<em>(skyes bu gsum) \u2013&nbsp;<\/em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1ecf, trung b\u00ecnh, ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbn \u2013 v\u1edbi ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p&nbsp;<em>(lam gyu gtso bo mam gsum) \u2013&nbsp;<\/em>quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t&nbsp;<em>(nges byung),&nbsp;<\/em>t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>(byang chup kyi sem)&nbsp;<\/em>v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn&nbsp;<em>(yang dag pa\u2019i lta ba).&nbsp;<\/em>H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u00ec TTHTPGTT c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y xem nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra cho m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf Ban Phi\u00ean D\u1ecbch Lamrim Chenmo \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1992 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i TTHTPGTT \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. Khi xem nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp sau \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp T\u1eadp 1 th\u00e0nh hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ecfng theo ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u1edf ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c cu\u1ed1i t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch {\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u00e0n \u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Tsongkhapa h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft khi tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n. \u1ede l\u1ea7n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c. T\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Tam T\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n T\u1ea1ng Ng\u1eef, \u1ea4n b\u1ea3n B\u1eafc Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>do D.T. Suzuki hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh (1955-1961) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong ch\u00fa th\u00edch \u1edf l\u1ea7n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Tsongkhapa kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 khi tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, t\u00ean t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u2013 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi th\u00eam v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch. D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd cho bi\u1ebft tr\u00edch d\u1eabn n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u nh\u01b0 trong b\u1ea3n Suzuki hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o cho nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin th\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1edf trong ph\u1ea7n tham chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch m\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o \u1edf Pfandt (1983), de Jong (1987), Nakamura (1889) v\u00e0 Hirakawa (1990).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Anh \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft t\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, d\u00f2ng ph\u00e1i, v\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 s\u1edf n\u00e0y. C\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo l\u1ed1i Wylie (1959) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 trong ngo\u1eb7c khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i s\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng ng\u1eafn g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ban Phi\u00ean D\u1ecbch Lamrim chenmo l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt trong t\u1eadp n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Elizabeth S. Napper, Joshua W. C. Cutler, John Newman, Joe B. Wilson, v\u00e0 Karen Lang. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1edfi Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t B\u1ea3n Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n Tso Ng\u00f6n (Thanh H\u1ea3i -\u9752\u6d77) n\u0103m 1985 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n in kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 Ja-kyung (Bya khyung). S\u1ed1 trang ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong kh\u1eafp b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, vi\u1ebft trong ngo\u1eb7c v\u00e0 in ch\u1eef \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c tham kh\u1ea3o. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n Ganden Bar Nying \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n v\u0103n. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ng\u00e0y nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n g\u1ed7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 n\u00e0y,&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Giai Tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ch\u00e2n Ng\u00f4n Th\u1eeba (sNgags rim chen mo),&nbsp;<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1462. \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama \u0111\u00e3 \u00e2n c\u1ea7n trao cho Elizabeth Napper m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eadp b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o Gaden Bar Nying t\u1eeb th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n T\u00e1c Ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 V\u0103n Kh\u1ed1 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh vi phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n Tso Ng\u00f6n v\u00e0 Ganden v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng sai bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng tham kh\u1ea3o&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed1n Ch\u00fa Th\u00edch \u0110an K\u1ebft (Lam rim mchan bzhi sbrags ma)&nbsp;<\/em>v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n kh\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi Denma Locho Rinbochay v\u00e0 Loling Geshe Yeshe Tapkay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0o \u1edf k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng tri \u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh, b\u1eadc cha gi\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, c\u1ed1 Geshe Ngawang Wangyal, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi qua con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tri \u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 Guy Newland v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00e1m \u01a1n Don Lopez v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Brady Whitton, Carl Yamamoto, v\u00e0 Paul Coleman v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft \u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Snow Lion l\u00e0 Susan Keyser v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 trau chu\u1ed1t cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m k\u00edch s\u00e2u xa v\u00f4 v\u00e0n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c geshe thu\u1ed9c TTHTPGTT, Thupten Gyatso, Ngawang Lundhup, Lozang Jamspal, v\u00e0 Lobzang Tsetan \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 trong vi\u1ec7c truy nguy\u00ean nh\u1eefng tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf v\u0103n b\u1ea3n. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u01a1n David Ruegg v\u00e0 Robert Thurman v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng cho ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 Elizabeth Napper v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng tri \u00e2n Natalie Hauptman v\u00e0 Gareth Sparham v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 ch\u00fa th\u00edch v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Buff v\u00e0 Johnnie Chace v\u00e0 Joel McCleary, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m k\u00edch. T\u00f4i tri \u00e2n s\u00e2u xa song th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, Eric v\u00e0 Nancy Cutler, v\u00ec t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e0nh cho t\u00f4i v\u00e0 TTHTPGTT. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, t\u00f4i xin c\u00e1m \u01a1n v\u1ee3 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 Diana v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u01a1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap kh\u00f4ng lay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Joshua W. C. Cutler<br>Trung T\u00e2m H\u1ecdc T\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<br>Washington, New Jersey<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/5\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16884_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>Geshe t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef kaly\u0101\u1e47amitra, theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1eefu\u201d (b\u1ea1n t\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9c). Trong l\u1ed1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 tu s\u0129 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Gelugpa hay trong Sakya T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng khi h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p. Trong Gelugpa, geshe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p trong \u0111\u00f3 cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Lharampa. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cho r\u1eb1ng geshe l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 12-20 n\u0103m t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u nh\u1edb kinh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 tranh lu\u1eadn. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc xo\u00e1y quanh 5 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh g\u1ed3m: (1) Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p, (2) Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a, (3) Trung \u0110\u1ea1o, (4) Nh\u00e2n Minh Lu\u1eadn (hay Lu\u1eadn l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o) v\u00e0 (5) Gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c geshe, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 geshela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Geshe<\/em>. Wikipedia. Truy C\u1eadp 20\/02\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geshe&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16884_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>Gelugpa, ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u2018hi\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n\u2019. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, do ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14. Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp uy\u00ean b\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2ng Gelugpa l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y; v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1642 \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 V tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c n\u00e0y.&nbsp;<em>Gelugpa<\/em>. Wikipedia. Truy c\u1eadp 20\/01\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gelugpa>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u1eddi N\u00f3i \u0110\u1ea7u Cho B\u1ea3n D\u1ecbch Anh Ng\u1eef<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn V\u1ec1 Giai Tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9&nbsp;<\/em>c\u1ee7a Jey Tsongkhapa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n di s\u1ea3n nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn l\u00e0m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1eefng s\u1edd v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y v\u00f4 chung v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng; vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n l\u00e0m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y kh\u1ea3i th\u1ecb n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t cung c\u00e1ch khi\u1ebfn lay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd: t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang t\u01b0, t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 trung t\u00e2m, ch\u1ec9-h\u01b0\u1edbng-v\u00e0o-cu\u1ed9c-\u0111\u1eddi-n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u0169 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i quanh m\u00ecnh, n\u00f3ng l\u00f2ng t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi hy v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch b\u00ecnh y\u00ean trong c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft; \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh huy ho\u00e0ng bay v\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00f4 t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn bay ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, t\u1eeb \u00e1i, v\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ea1c \u2013 Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vinh quang ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u0129 nhi\u00ean t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi nguy\u00ean n\u01a1i&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn.&nbsp;<\/em>\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t, trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u trong g\u1ea7n su\u1ed1t hai thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh v\u0103n bao la v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e1nh trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn n\u00e0y kh\u1ea3i th\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tham d\u1ef1 vi\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a huy ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>th\u00e2u nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb s\u1ed1 kinh v\u0103n s\u00e1ng ng\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111an d\u1ec7t ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m v\u1ea3i phong ph\u00fa, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111a n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh y ph\u1ee5c h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ef9 mi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n m\u1eb7c n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f4i khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Jey Tsongkhapa ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 t\u1edbi l\u00fac b\u1ecb phai m\u1edd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2013 v\u00ec do ch\u00fang sinh kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i c\u00e3i c\u1ecd v\u00e0 tranh gi\u00e0nh nhau v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u2013 Ng\u00e0i khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd tinh t\u00fay, v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y n\u00e0y s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i sinh l\u1ef1c cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c c\u1edfi m\u1edf trong su\u1ed1t n\u0103m tr\u0103m n\u0103m k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea5u kh\u00fac,&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>\u0111\u01b0a ra cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd bay l\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a c\u1ea3 ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u00e0y qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1eadc thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c, qua nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c trong s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c si\u00eau tuy\u1ec7t \u2013 s\u1ef1 qu\u00fd b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, s\u1ef1 k\u1ec1 c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5 trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9; t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng \u2013 l\u00f2ng bi, l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb, v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00ec tha nh\u00e2n; v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111i d\u00f9ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o trong t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u1eeb nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n nh\u1edb l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m theo ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi nh\u1eb1m chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc cho gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean kia gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00fang ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o \u2013 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng khai \u2013 v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u201cchia s\u1ebb chung\u201d&nbsp;<em>(thun mong),&nbsp;<\/em>con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng chung c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t, cao nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 tinh t\u00fay c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 bao la c\u1ee7a kinh v\u0103n nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nghi qu\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o si\u00eau \u0111\u1eb3ng trong t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o, qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf trong m\u1ecdi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi. Ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi quy y, thi\u00ean cung ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1o S\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t, ch\u01b0 th\u1ea7n, ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 t\u1ed5 \u2013 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o s\u00e2u k\u00edn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00f4ng sai s\u00f3t m\u00e0 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 khai t\u00e2m M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ch\u00ednh quy. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng bi m\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lay chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o trong m\u1ed9t cung c\u00e1ch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng an to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean; c\u00f3 l\u1ebd qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh khi h\u1ecd tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u1ecb tha \u1edf t\u1ea7m m\u1ee9c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y, nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, thanh t\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea9u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n, v\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh \u00fd b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng th\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t. Ch\u00ednh Jey Tsongkhapa, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e2u xa nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 giai tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh 3,500,000 h\u1ea1 b\u00e1i, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng 10,000,000 ma\u1e47\u1e0dala<a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>,tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n thanh t\u1ecbnh Kim-C\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1t-\u0110\u1ecfa<a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>,th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nghi th\u1ee9c n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Khi \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 vi\u1ebft&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>\u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1ng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 xe h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 s\u1edf n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 lan ra kh\u1ecfi cao nguy\u00ean Hy-m\u00e3-l\u1ea1p-s\u01a1n t\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a N\u1ed9i \u00c1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong su\u1ed1t g\u1ea7n 600 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c v\u1eabn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 v\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00ean t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch th\u1eed sang Nga v\u0103n v\u00e0 Hoa v\u0103n nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 trong c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3. Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Anh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2y qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Geshe Wangyal \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c n\u00e0y sang Anh ng\u1eef. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p chung n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi t\u00ednh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c, t\u00ecm t\u00f2i trong t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh s\u00e2u xa, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 mong t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef hay nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 cho ra \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau n\u00e0y. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng n\u0103m tr\u0103m n\u0103m c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n qu\u00e1 d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Anh m\u1edbi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch th\u00eam sang nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vinh d\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u00e2n hoan cho t\u00f4i, trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi ch\u00fac m\u1eebng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng hoan h\u1ef7 trong s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, v\u1ecb kaly\u0101\u1e47amitrac\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 thi\u00eang li\u00eang Geshe Wangyal, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t hoang d\u00e3 v\u00e0 man r\u1ee3 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u00e1m b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111i x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 b\u1eaft n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 hung b\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n c\u1ea3 \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1eabn b\u00ean trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n kh\u00f4ng lu m\u1edd c\u1ee7a Con \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9, s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng vui t\u01b0\u01a1i, nh\u01b0 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb can \u0111\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 s\u1eafc b\u00e9n, nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec1m quan t\u00e2m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea1ch, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i. Xin c\u00e1m \u01a1n Geshela b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n v\u1edbi Jey Rimpochey!<a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a>C\u00e1m \u01a1n c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y! V\u00e0 ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Robert A. F. Thurman<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch, Tibet House<br>Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Jey Tsongkhapa v\u1ec1 C\u00e1c Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u1ea4n-T\u1ea1ng<br>\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/6\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>Trong M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 nghi v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh dung h\u00f3a v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt hay m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c cao c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 trong d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n. Ph\u00e1p tu quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Guru Yoga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n-tr\u00e0ng hay m\u1ea1n-\u0111\u00e0-la theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m hay m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh kh\u00e9p k\u00edn, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n quay quanh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m. \u1ede m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, ma\u1e47\u1e0dala c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1edbi bao quanh ta. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ma\u1e47\u1e0dala c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp quanh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t trung t\u00e2m.&nbsp;<em>Mandala<\/em>. Rigpa shedra. Truy c\u1eadp: 18\/02\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt; http:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org\/index.php?title=Mandala&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1t-\u0111\u1ecfa: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n Vajrasattva \u2014 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed1i cao trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ma\u1e47\u1e0dala. M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1t-\u0111\u1ecfa Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0: trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1t Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, xin cho nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch, hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n samaya \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i tai \u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi nghe t\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i hay t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1ch \u00e2m ch\u00fa, th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa oai nghi\u00eam nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh th\u00ec t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.&nbsp;<em>Vajrasattva<\/em>. Rigpa Shedra. Truy c\u1eadp: 20\/2\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org\/index.php?title=Vajrasattva&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"http:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_4-16885_5-50_6-2_17-364_14-1_15-1\/#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>Rimpochey, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Rinpoche ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f4n gi\u1ea3\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh hi\u1ec7u cao qu\u00fd d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb lama (\u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0) c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.&nbsp;<em>Rinpoche<\/em>. Rigpa Shedra. Truy c\u1eadp: 20\/2\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org\/index.php?title=Rinpoche>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Lamrim Lotsawas<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Danh S\u00e1ch Ban D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7u \u0110\u00ednh<br>B\u1ea3n D\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Ng\u1eef \u2013 Quy\u1ec3n 1<strong>D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mai Tuy\u1ebft \u00c1nh<br>Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Tr\u00fac Mai<br>V\u00f5 Quang Nh\u00e2n<br>Tr\u1ea7n C\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t<strong>Hi\u1ec7u \u0110\u00ednh v\u00e0 Bi\u00ean T\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mai Tuy\u1ebft \u00c1nh<br>L\u00ea Xu\u00e2n D\u01b0\u01a1ng<br>V\u00f5 Quang Nh\u00e2n<br>Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Tr\u00fac Mai<br>Nguy\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<br>L\u00ea Lam S\u01a1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Tr\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00f5 Quang Nh\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>B\u1ea3ng Ch\u1eef Vi\u1ebft T\u1eaft<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A-kya A-kya-yongs-\u2018dzin, Lam rim brda bkroi<br>AA Abhisamay\u0101la\u1e43k\u0101ra-n\u0101ma-praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramitopade\u015ba-\u015b\u0101stra-k\u0101rik\u0101<br>AK Abhidharma-ko\u015ba-k\u0101rik\u0101<br>AKbh Abhidharma-ko\u015ba-bh\u0101\u1e63ya<br>AS Abhidharma-samuccaya<br>Bhk Yog\u0101-cary\u0101-bh\u016bmau-bodhisattva-bh\u016bmi<br>BCA Bodhisattva-cary\u0101vat\u0101ra<br>Bk1 1st Bh\u0101vana-krama<br>Bk2 2nd Bh\u0101vana-krama<br>Bk3 3rd Bh\u0101vana-krama<br>Bp\u0101lita buddhap\u0101lita-m\u016blamadhyamaka-v\u1e5btti<br>Chn. Chinese<br>C\u015b Catu\u1e25-\u015bataka-\u015b\u0101stra-k\u0101rik\u0101-n\u0101ma<br>C\u015bt Catu\u1e25-\u015bataka-\u015b\u0101stra-k\u0101rik\u0101-n\u0101ma-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101<br>D sDe dge C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch kinh v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef<br>Great Treatise 1 Cutler et al. 2000<br>Great Treatise 2 Cutler et al. 2000<br>Great Treatise 3 Cutler et al. 2002<br>Jm J\u0101taka-m\u0101l\u0101<br>LRCM Tsongkhapa (1985) sKyes bu gsum gyi myams su blang ba\u2019i rim pa thams cad tshang bar ston pa\u2019i byang chub lam gyi rim pa<br>MAV Madhyamak\u0101vat\u0101ra<br>MAVbh Madhyamak\u0101vat\u0101ra-bh\u0101\u1e63ya<br>mChan \u2018Jam-dbyangs-bzhad-pa, et al. Lam rim mchan bzhi sbrags ma<br>MMK Praj\u00f1\u0101-n\u0101ma-m\u016blam\u0101dhyamka-k\u0101rik\u0101<br>MSA Mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btrala\u1e43k\u0101ra-k\u0101rik\u0101<br>P Suzuki (1955-61)<br>PPd Prasanna-pad\u0101, Dharamala 1968<br>PPs Prasanna-pad\u0101, La Vall\u00e9e Poussin 1970a<br>PS Paramit\u0101-sam\u0101sa<br>RGV Uttara-tantra (Ratna-gotra-vibh\u0101ga)<br>rNam thar rgyas pa Nag-tsho, Jo bo rje dpal Idan mar me mdzad ye shes kyi mam thar rgyas pa<br>R\u0101 R\u0101ja-parikatha-ratnavali<br>\u015abh Yog\u0101-cary\u0101-bh\u016bmau-\u015br\u0101vaka-bh\u016bmi<br>Skt. Sanskrit<br>Sn. Sa\u1e43dhi-nirmocana s\u016btra<br>SP Sad-dharma-pu\u1e47\u1e0dar\u012bka-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<br>SR Sarva-dharma-svabh\u0101-samat\u0101-vipa\u1e45cita-sam\u0101dhi-r\u0101ja-s\u016btra<br>Tib. Tibetan<br>Toh Ui et al. 1934<br>Ud Ud\u0101na-varga<br>Vs Vini\u015bcaya-sa\u1e43graha\u1e47i<br>VV Vigraha-vy\u0101vartan\u012b<br>VVv Vigraha-vy\u0101vartan\u012b-v\u1e5btti<br>YS yukti-\u1e63a\u1e63\u1e6dhik\u0101<br>YSv yukti-\u1e63a\u1e63\u1e6dhik\u0101-v\u1e5btti<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>D\u00e0n \u00dd T\u1eadp I<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u2013> xem ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.files.wordpress.com\/2013\/07\/dan_y_tap_i.pdf\">D\u00e0n \u00dd T\u1eadp 1 (file PDF)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Khai Lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xin k\u00ednh l\u1ec5 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean b\u1ed5n s\u01b0 V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i {Di\u1ec7u \u00c2m \u2013 Ma\u00f1jugho\u1e63a}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n Th\u00edch-ca,<br>Th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb mu\u00f4n ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a,<br>Kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u1ecfa nguy\u1ec7n v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n ch\u00fang sanh,<br>\u00dd c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 ch\u00e1nh tri ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 N\u0103ng Th\u1eafng {Di-l\u1eb7c \u2013 Ajita} v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i,<br>L\u00e0 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u0129 [\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt],<br>\u0110\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng,<br>C\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ecfa h\u00e0o quang \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f5i Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n T\u1ed5 Long Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc,<br>\u0110\u00e3 n\u1ed5i danh trong tam c\u1ea5p<strong>[1]<\/strong>, trang nghi\u00eam to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Nam Thi\u1ec7m B\u1ed9 Ch\u00e2u<strong>[2]<br><\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<br>V\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd th\u1eadm th\u00e2m kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng Ph\u1eadt m\u1eabu.<strong>[3]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5 Nhi\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng [Ati\u015ba], \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c kho t\u00e0ng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n,<br>Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea1c<br>C\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1c<br>\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb hai t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean phong v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i kia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh t\u00f4n k\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<br>L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb ,<br>L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng soi cho c\u1eeda ng\u1ecf thi\u1ec7n duy\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t,<br>L\u00e0 m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00f4 bi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nay nh\u1eefng ai x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t \u00edt [kinh v\u0103n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n],<br>Trong khi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111a v\u0103n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<br>H\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng xem kinh v\u0103n qua c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n quan b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i,<br>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng lu\u1eadn l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u00fd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a kinh v\u0103n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho n\u00ean, sau khi th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7n tri,<br>\u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, [2]<br>T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i<br>V\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 duy\u00ean may kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb che m\u1edd b\u1edfi b\u00f3ng \u0111en v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i.<br>V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e1nh t\u00e0,<br>V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai mong \u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p an l\u1ea1c<br>H\u00e3y n\u00ean gi\u1eef nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m l\u1eafng nghe [3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y m\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n duy\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a giai tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9: (1) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1ed3m th\u00e2u c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kinh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng, (2) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n b\u1edfi hai \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u00ean phong: Long Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc, (3) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh t\u1ed1i cao ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 l\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed {to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c} v\u00e0 (4) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp b\u1edfi ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi {h\u1ea1, trung v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n N\u0101land\u0101 vinh quang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ba thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft {thanh t\u1ecbnh}: l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn Vikramala\u015b\u012bla,<strong>[4]<\/strong>&nbsp;ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u {vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y} b\u1eb1ng ba \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i g\u1ed3m: s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, s\u1ef1 to t\u00e1t ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u1eefa hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch {d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc} \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0y, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 giai tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<strong>[5]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4. C\u00e1c th\u1ee9c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 tr\u1edf \u0111i)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-1\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Thanh V\u0103n th\u1eeba, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u1eeba v\u00e0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba \u2013 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef&nbsp;<em>tam th\u1eeba<\/em>&nbsp;hay d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam bao g\u1ed3m Thanh V\u0103n, Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA1 Trong thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Nam Thi\u1ec7m B\u1ed9 Ch\u00e2u {skt. Jambudv\u012bpa} l\u00e0 ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c ph\u00eda Nam c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u bao quanh n\u00fai Tu-di {skt. Meru} trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110ay l\u00e0 ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c m\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n) b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]BA2 \u201cPh\u1eadt M\u1eabu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng\u201d (t\u1ee9c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt) l\u00e0 kinh&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a<\/em>&nbsp;{skt.&nbsp;<em>Praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>} Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, trong ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 v\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA3 Ch\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ch\u1eef \u201cVrik\u0101mala\u015b\u012bla\u201d theo A-kya:92.5-93.3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a t\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao l\u00e2u v\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 Tsongkhapa nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Vrikmala\u015b\u012bla, ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Vikramala\u015b\u012bla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]BA4 Ph\u1ea7n d\u00e0n \u00fd n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kinh v\u0103n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m d\u00e0n \u00fd n\u1ed9i dung cho m\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a d\u00e0n b\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi, c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o. Khi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft bao g\u1ed3m trong hai t\u1eadp k\u1ebf, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ghi r\u00f5 s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u00eam v\u00e0o t\u1eeb \u201cv\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1:&nbsp;Ati\u015ba<\/strong>[1]<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ebft v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp theo th\u1eddi gian<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p {quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng}:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A. T\u00e1i sinh trong m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c<br>B. \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao qu\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Qua h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u kinh v\u0103n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri ki\u1ebfn tr\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t<br>2. \u0110\u1ea1t ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh th\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 tri ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. Ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i cao v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<strong>[2]<br><\/strong>2) Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi<strong>[3]<br><\/strong>3) Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b. Ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<br>2) R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c. Ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<br>2) R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C. Sau khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao qu\u00fd, ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. H\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n<br>2. H\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">***************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>I. Ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p&nbsp;<\/strong>{<strong>quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng<\/strong>}<strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb&nbsp;<em>Hi\u1ec7n Qu\u00e1n Trang Nghi\u00eam Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Abhisamay\u0101la\u1e47k\u0101ra<\/em>)<strong>[4]<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ee9c Di L\u1eb7c. Ri\u00eang, n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(<em>Bodhi-patha-pradipa<\/em>)<strong>[5]<\/strong>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba; do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng<\/em>&nbsp;Lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n [lu\u1eadn] n\u00e0y<strong>[6]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 d\u012bpa\u1e45kara\u015br\u012bj\u00f1\u0101na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A. T\u00e1i sinh trong m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong b\u00e0i k\u1ec7&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>bsTod pa brgyad cu pa<\/em>) vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Nag-tso (Nag-tsho)<strong>[7]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede Za-hor (nay l\u00e0 Bengal) thu\u1ed9c ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9,<br>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn l\u00e0 Vikramanip\u016bra.<br>\u0110\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy nga<br>C\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng gia v\u1edbi t\u00ean Kim Th\u1eafng Ph\u01b0\u1edbng<br>V\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng<br>kh\u00f4ng thua k\u00e9m v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng.<strong>[8]<br><\/strong>Vua c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Kalyana\u015bri<br>V\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu \u015ariprabh\u0101<br>C\u00f3 ba ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed l\u00e0 Padmagarbha,<br>Candragarbha, v\u00e0 \u015arigarbha.<br>Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i t\u1eed, Padmagarbha c\u00f3 n\u0103m ho\u00e0ng th\u00e1i phi v\u00e0 ch\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai.<br>Con trai c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Pu\u0146ya\u015bri,<br>L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd<br>Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn qua t\u00ean g\u1ecdi Dhana\u015bri<strong>[9]<\/strong>.<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u00fat, \u1e64rigarbha, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u01b0 viry\u0101candra.<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi con gi\u1eefa, Candragarbha l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<strong>[10]<\/strong>&nbsp;t\u1ee9c t\u00f4n s\u01b0 [Ati\u015ba].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B. \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao qu\u00fd.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong 2 ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kinh v\u0103n, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tri ki\u1ebfn s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n.<br>2. Qua vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cao qu\u00fd v\u1ec1 tri ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong><strong>. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kinh v\u0103n, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tri ki\u1ebfn tr\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Nag-tsho c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft:<strong>&nbsp;[11]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t,<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tinh th\u00f4ng s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n<strong>[12]<\/strong>.<br>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7,<br>Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t tu\u1ed5i, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh sau vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chung trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc.<strong>[13]<\/strong>&nbsp;[5] \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, Dro-lung-ba \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t (Gro-lung-pa) k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m, sau m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n nghe qua&nbsp;<em>Ch\u00ednh L\u00fd Nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00edch Lu\u1eadn<\/em><strong>[14]<\/strong>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng, Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 lu\u1eadn l\u00fd h\u1ecdc phi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 R\u0101hulagupta, v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a H\u1eafc S\u01a1n T\u1ef1<strong>[15]<\/strong>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Hevajra<strong>[16]<\/strong>&nbsp;v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri t\u1eeb Vajra\u1e0d\u0101kini<strong>[17]<\/strong>. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p danh M\u1eadt th\u1eeba l\u00e0 J\u00f1\u0101naguhyavajra. B\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n trong su\u1ed1t hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u00edn n\u0103m trong Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n. Khi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cta m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o trong M\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba\u201d<strong>[18]<\/strong>&nbsp;n\u1ea3y l\u00ean v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i th\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c Kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh n\u1eef<strong>[19]<\/strong>&nbsp;trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 khi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh M\u1eadt ch\u00fa m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3[20]&nbsp;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee7y th\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c trong m\u01a1 th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c ng\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t gia, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i \u00edch to t\u00e1t cho gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 cho ch\u00fang sinh. Theo l\u1eddi kh\u1ea9n ho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia, nh\u1eadn l\u1ec5 th\u1ecd c\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi<strong>[21]<\/strong>&nbsp;t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<strong>[22]<\/strong>&nbsp;qua thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<strong>[23]<\/strong>. V\u1ecb Tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec n\u00e0y t\u00ean \u015ailarak\u1e63ita<strong>[24]<\/strong>, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang b\u1ed9<strong>[25]<\/strong>&nbsp;l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 kinh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng. Nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>, tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb\u201d<strong>&nbsp;[26]<\/strong>&nbsp;Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p danh l\u00e0 \u015ari Dipa\u1e43karaj\u00f1\u0101na<strong>[27]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho \u0111\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i ba m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t, Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 tu h\u1ecdc qua t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p trong n\u1ed9i dung tri\u1ebft l\u00fd truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i O-tan-ta-p\u1fe1-ri<strong>[28]<\/strong>, Ng\u00e0i tu h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u01b0\u1eddi hai n\u0103m v\u1edbi v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 Dharmarak\u1e63ita<strong>[29]<\/strong>&nbsp;v\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i T\u00ec-b\u00e0-sa Lu\u1eadn<\/em><strong>[30]<\/strong>. Qua vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7 c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba<strong>[31]<\/strong>, ng\u00e0i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng x\u1eed n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp thu v\u00e0 n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1ecd th\u1ef1c. [6]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do v\u1eady, th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u qua l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef1a bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Qua&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cao qu\u00fd v\u1ec1 tri ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u00f3 Tam T\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<strong>[32]<\/strong>&nbsp;qu\u00fd b\u00e1u bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<strong>[33]<\/strong>. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a trong Tam t\u1ea1ng th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong Tam h\u1ecdc<strong>[34]<\/strong>&nbsp;[\u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y LD d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb Sopa trang 38 v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a]V\u1edbi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c kinh v\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 cao vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp trong \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7. Do \u0111\u00f3, ngay t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a tri ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb khung c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. Ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/strong><strong>[35]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>C\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i cao cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/li><li>Gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t<\/li><li>Gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i cao v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>, Nag-tso vi\u1ebft:<strong>[36]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o tr\u00ec gi\u1eef c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt,<br>C\u00e1c t\u0103ng s\u0129 t\u1ed1i cao, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p cao qu\u00fd<br>Ng\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda Thanh V\u0103n<strong>[37]<\/strong>&nbsp;th\u1eeba<br>B\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh t\u1ef1a b\u00f2-t\u00f3t<strong>[38]<\/strong>&nbsp;gi\u1eef \u0111u\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00f2-t\u00f3t th\u1eadt luy\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed5i l\u1ee1 khi m\u1ed9t c\u1ecdng l\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o trong b\u1ee5i c\u00e2y, th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t c\u1ecdng l\u00f4ng n\u00e0o ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u0103n. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n tu s\u0129, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e1m li\u1ec1u th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 n\u00eau trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>, ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o tr\u00ec gi\u1eef c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u tr\u00ec gi\u1eef c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 n\u00eau:<strong>[39]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 th\u1eeba<br>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n t\u00e2m thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ng\u00e0i<br>kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf r\u01a1i c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh<br>Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ea5ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho n\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 t\u1eeb y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi m\u1eabn. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o ng\u00e0i Ser-ling-pa (gSer-gling-pa)<strong>[40]<\/strong>, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eadp trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Di l\u1eb7c v\u00e0 V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. [7]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qua \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 n\u00eau:<strong>&nbsp;[41]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t b\u00ean quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y<br>g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a tha nh\u00e2n<strong>[42]<\/strong>&nbsp;ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a con [Ati\u015ba]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong tim ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ch\u1eaft chiu cho tha nh\u00e2n h\u01a1n cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. T\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 trong ng\u00e0i bao g\u1ed3m t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 {B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m (tib. \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f40\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b)} \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i tu h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m theo \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1c h\u1ee9a nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nguy\u1ec7n \u01b0\u1edbc B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c con Ph\u1eadt<strong>[43]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u tr\u00ec gi\u1eef c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 ghi:<strong>[44]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc qua ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba,<br>Ng\u00e0i t\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00e2m Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng<strong>[45]<br><\/strong>Thi\u1ec1n V\u01b0\u01a1ng, Avadh\u016btipa<strong>[46]<\/strong>,<br>Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp M\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nag-tso bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng chung, g\u1ecdi Ati\u015ba l\u00e0 Du-gi\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng do ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, trong \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i xem th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, theo \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt M\u1eadt th\u1eeba, th\u00ec&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 n\u00eau<strong>[47]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n to\u00e0n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 h\u1ea1nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ebf nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e1nh kh\u00f3e kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m u\u1ebf b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng sai ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do v\u1eady, Ati\u015ba kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ba c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9<strong>[48]<\/strong>&nbsp;m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean h\u1ee9a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t, ng\u00e0i l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c g\u1ed9t r\u1eeda sai s\u00f3t \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng nghi th\u1ee9c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n. Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed n\u00e0y l\u00e0m hoan h\u1ef7 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n; n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho h\u1ecd. [8]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b. Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf n\u00ean ho\u1ea1t d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 an tr\u1ee5 cao trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t b\u1edfi do \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u trong s\u00e1u hay ba n\u0103m<strong>[49]<\/strong>. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, sau khi nghe c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1t b\u1edfi c\u00e1c Kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh n\u1eef t\u1ea1i O\u1e0d\u1e0diy\u0101na, ng\u00e0i ghi nh\u1edb ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c. Ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ng\u00e0i th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<br>Theo \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n m\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c. Sau khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao qu\u00fd, ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. H\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong cung \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u1edf Bodh-gaya<strong>[50]<\/strong>, ng\u00e0i duy t\u00f4n Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ba l\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia ngo\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o cao l\u1eabn th\u1ea5p, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh, nh\u1eefng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nghi ng\u1edd. V\u1eady n\u00ean c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i, xem ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o trang. Nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>:<strong>[51]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong th\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c<br>Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp v\u1ec1<br>V\u1edbi gi\u1ecdng \u00e2m t\u1ef1a s\u01b0 t\u1eed h\u1ed1ng<br>Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<br>Nh\u1eefng ai b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c c\u00e1c t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m,<br>C\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0:<strong>[52]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 t\u1ea1i Otantap\u016bri<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hai tr\u0103m m\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u0103ng s\u0129<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea1i vikrama\u015b\u012bla<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u0103m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba ch\u00ednh<strong>[53]<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec1u tham d\u1ef1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fat ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea3o trang c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n s\u01b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong m\u1ecdi l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thu\u1ed9c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Magadha<strong>[54]<\/strong>&nbsp;[9]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec ng\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p chung<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<strong>[55]<\/strong>&nbsp;[v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng tu h\u1ecdc theo ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. H\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia, ch\u00fa v\u00e0 ch\u00e1u<strong>[56]<\/strong>, n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau g\u1eedi hai d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 Gya-dz\u00f6n-seng (brGya-brtson-seng)<strong>[57]<\/strong>&nbsp;v\u00e0 Nag-tso Tshul-trim-gyal-wa (Nag-tsho-tshul-khrims-rgyal-ba). V\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eddi ng\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nga-ri (mNga\u2019-ris) trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a chup-\u00f6 (byang-chub-\u2018od).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tinh l\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3ng s\u00e2u h\u01a1n qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tu t\u1eadp l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a kinh th\u1eeba v\u00e0 m\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, v\u1edbi ba n\u0103m t\u1ea1i Nga-ri, ch\u00edn n\u0103m t\u1ea1i Nye-tang (sNye-thang), v\u00e0 n\u0103m n\u0103m t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c trong \u00dc (dBus) v\u00e0 Tsang (gTsang), ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kinh v\u0103n trong kinh th\u1eeba v\u00e0 m\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u00f3 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean<strong>[58]<\/strong>. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu h\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i; ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp th\u00eam sinh l\u1ef1c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch lu m\u1edd; v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ea1c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 tr\u1ee9 danh T\u1ecbch H\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh \u0111\u00e3 du nh\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu h\u00e0nh ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0o X\u1ee9 Tuy\u1ebft [T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng] trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 khai c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<strong>[59]<\/strong>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ecb tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec Trung Hoa l\u00e0 Ha-sang (Hva-shang)<strong>[60]<\/strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb suy s\u1ee5p. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c \u0111em b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00e0o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 T\u1ecbch H\u1ed9, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf Ha-sang, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Ng\u1ef1<strong>[61]<\/strong>; do \u0111\u00f3, l\u00f2ng t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i to t\u00e1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p sau n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 du-gi\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch sai v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. K\u1ebb xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang n\u00e0y [Ati\u015ba] \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ti\u00eau bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9. [10] B\u1edfi v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 t\u1eed t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf X\u1ee9 Tuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n (1) th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<strong>[62]<\/strong>; (2) l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 tri ki\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n giao trong m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n qua c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng; v\u00e0 (3) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0o trong ba \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00fa cho c\u1ea3 ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. V\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u00e0i,&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;n\u00eau<strong>[63]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb Hevajra cao qu\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Trisamayav<\/em><em>y\u016bhar\u0101ja<\/em><strong>[64]<\/strong><em>,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00f4n s\u01b0&nbsp;<\/em>T\u0101r\u0101<strong>[65]<\/strong>, v\u00e0 v.v\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n tuy\u1ec7t lu\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tri ki\u1ebfn th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb bi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong m\u01a1 hay tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<strong>[66]<\/strong>, c\u00f3 hai truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba: t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t [cho c\u1ea3 Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba] v\u00e0 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Trong d\u00f2ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, l\u1ea1i chia l\u00e0m hai: B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 M\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba. Trong B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 th\u1eeba c\u00f3 hai l\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n chia \u2013 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba v\u1ec1 tri ki\u1ebfn th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p<strong>[67]<\/strong>&nbsp;\u2013 v\u00e0 trong d\u00f2ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y t\u00e1ch xu\u1ed1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0i Di-l\u1eb7c v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0i V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ba d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba trong B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 th\u1eeba. Xa h\u01a1n, ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 M\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba, c\u00f3 n\u0103m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba<strong>[68]<\/strong>. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft, d\u00f2ng c\u00e1c h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00fa cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 m\u00e0 Ati\u015ba nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, theo Nag-tso n\u00eau ra l\u00e0<strong>[69]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng guru m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n tin nh\u1eadn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u1eefng tri ki\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n; nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u015a\u0101nti-pa v\u00e0 Ser-ling-ba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bhadrabodhi, v\u00e0 J\u00f1\u0101na\u015bri<strong>[70]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0, bi\u1ec7t l\u1ec7, ng\u00e0i th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e2p tri ki\u1ebfn th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chuy\u1ec3n xu\u1ed1ng qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 t\u1eeb Long Th\u1ee5. [11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfng vang l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00e1c tri ki\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. S\u1ef1 tinh th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7 \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0110i\u1ec1u Ng\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i t\u1ea1i Kashmir, O\u1e0d\u1e0diy\u0101na, Nepal v\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Bi-do-ba (Bi-to-pa), Dharm\u0101kar\u0101mati, Mahyasinha, v\u00e0 K\u1e63itigarbha t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tri ki\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o [Ati\u015ba]. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m th\u00eam Mitraguhya nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m. T\u1ea1i Nga-ri, c\u00f3 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Rin-chen-sang-bo (Rin-chen-bzang-po), d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Nag-tso, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia Jang-chup-\u00f6. T\u1ea1i Tsang, c\u00f3 Gar-gay-wa (\u2018Gar-dge-ba) v\u00e0 G\u00f6-kuk-ba-hlay-dzay (\u2018Gos-khug-pa-lhas-btas). T\u1ea1i Hlo-drak (lHo-brag), c\u00f3 Chak-ba-tri-chok (Chag-pa-khri-mchog) v\u00e0 Gay-wa-gyong (dGe-ba-skyong). T\u1ea1i Khams c\u00f3 Nal-jor-ba-chen-bo (rNal-\u2018byor-pa-chen-po), G\u00f6n-ba-wa (dGon-pa-ba), Shay-rap-dor-jay (Shes-rab-rdo-rje), v\u00e0 Chak-dar-d\u00f6n-ba (Phyag-dar-ston-pa). T\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 3 v\u1ecb, Ku-d\u00f6n Dz\u00f6n-dru-yung-drung (Khu-ston-brtson-\u2018grus-gyung-drung), Ngok Lek-bay-shay-rap (Ngog-legs-pa\u2019i-shes-rab) v\u00e0 Drom-d\u00f6n-ba Gyel-way-jung-nay (\u2018Brom-ston-pa-rgyal-ba\u2019i-\u2018byung-gnas)<strong>[71]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 [Ati\u015ba] l\u00e0 Drom-d\u00f6n-ba Gyel-way-jung-nay \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00ean tri b\u1edfi T\u0101r\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. Chi ti\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed l\u1edbn<strong>[72]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-2\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]C\u00f3 n\u01a1i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 A-\u0110\u1ec1-sa hay Nhi\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng C\u00e1t T\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00ed (skt. Ati\u015ba) , m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n (982-1054), \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o sang T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. S\u01b0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m (skt. bodhicitta). L\u00e0 T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng Ma-ki\u1ec7t-\u0111\u00e0 (skt. magadha) v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Si\u00eau Gi\u1edbi (skt. vikrama\u015b\u012bla), S\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi qua T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 12 n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. S\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Kadampa (Ca-\u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1i Gelug (C\u00e1ch L\u1ed7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]Ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Pr\u0101timok\u1e63a hay t\u00ean phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u1eeb ch\u1eef H\u00e1n l\u00e0 Ba-la-\u0111\u1ec1 M\u1ed9c-xoa (chn. \u6ce2 \u7f85 \u63d0 \u6728 \u53c9) c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng t\u0103ng s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n hay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i quy c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi ph\u1ea1m. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi hay gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]Hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA5 \u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y h\u00e0m \u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ba-la-m\u1eadt (prajna-paramita sutra), chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 (Sopa tr. 22).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(skt.&nbsp;<em>bodhipathaprad\u012bpa<\/em>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Ati\u015ba (980-1054), ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p sang T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tu h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ea1i \u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c chia ra th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc trong vi\u1ec7c tu h\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p do c\u0103n c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]BA6 V\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<em>Lamrim Chenmo<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>, n\u00ean Tsongkhapa cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba qua \u0111\u00f3 n\u00eau b\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba.&nbsp;<em>Steps on the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>. Vol1. P22. Lhundub Sopa. Wisdom. 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]BA7 Nag-tsho-lo-tsa-ba-tshul-khrims-rgyal-ba (1011 \u2013 ?) sinh t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Gung-thang c\u1ee7a nNga\u2019-ris nay l\u00e0 Ladakh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ec9nh m\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng Ati\u015ba \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y. T\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 Ati\u015ba c\u1ee7a Nag-tsho l\u00e0 Khams gsum chos kyi rgyal pod pal ldan mar me mdzad ye shes la bstod pa\u2019i rab tu byed pa tshigs bcad brgyad cu pa. B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong Legs par bshad pa bka\u2019 gdams rin po che\u2019i gsung gi gces btus nor bu\u2019i bang mdzod (bKa\u2019 gdams bces btus) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch b\u1edfi Ye-shes-don-grub-bstan-pa\u2019i-rgyal-mtsha, pp.30 -39. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n, Jo bo rje dpal ldan mar me mdzad ye shes kyi rnam thar rgyas pa (rNam thar rgyas pa) (b\u1ea3n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba) ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Nag-tsho v\u1ec1 Ati\u015ba. Tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Nag-tsho l\u00e0 bsTod pa brgyad cu pa \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 trong rNam thar rgyas pa (Jo bo rje dpal ldan mar me mdzad ye shes kyi rnam thar rgyas pa), v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. C\u00e1c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn theo sau c\u1ee7a Tsongkhapa t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00e0i c\u00e2u x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch ra t\u1eeb rNam thar rgyas pa. C\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y (v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u00edt kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t) l\u00e0 t\u1eeb rNam thar rgyas pa: 48.8-12 v\u00e0 49.9-16 nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Pa\u1e47\u1e0dita Ka\u1e63itigarbha (Sa\u2019i-snying-po), \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba. \u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 rNam thar rgyas pa xem Eimer 1979, chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 bsTod pa brgyad cu pa xem Blue annals (Roerich:242), v\u00e0 Eimer 1997: 142-146).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]Theo ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u h\u1eadu \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 T\u00f3nggu\u0101ng (\u540c\u5149) (923-926).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]BA9 Ba-so-chos-kyi-rgyal-mtshan (mChan: 20.5) cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Dhana\u015brimita<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]T\u1eeb ch\u1eef guru (skt. \u0917\u0941\u0930\u0941 \u2013 guru) d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>\u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0,<\/em>&nbsp;thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n s\u01b0 hay thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o s\u01b0. Theo trang WEB Rigpa Shedra th\u00ec thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201clama\u201d {l\u1ea1t-ma} (tib. \u0f56\u0fb3\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0fa3\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5e\u0f72\u0f0b, lama nampa shyi): Trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta chia l\u00e0m 4 lo\u1ea1i guru: (1) Truy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n (tib. \u0f42\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f5f\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f74\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b, gangzak gy\u00fcp\u00e9 lama) n\u1eafm gi\u1eef truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba, (2) Ph\u1eadt ng\u00f4n s\u01b0 (tib. \u0f62\u0f92\u0fb1\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f40\u0f60\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b, gyalwa ka yi lama) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, (3) T\u00f4n s\u01b0 {b\u1ed5n s\u01b0} (tib. \u0f66\u0fa3\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f62\u0fa1\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b, nangwa da yi lama) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho m\u1ecdi tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n, (4) Ch\u00e2n s\u01b0 (tib. \u0f62\u0f72\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f7c\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b, rigpa d\u00f6n gyi lama) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Guru<\/em>. Rigpa Shedra. Truy c\u1eadp: 12\/02\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org\/index.php?title=Guru&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA10 rNam thar rgyas pa: 51.2-51.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]BA11 Sgyu rtsal. A-kyayongs\u2019-dzin (A-kya: 89.1-2) c\u00f3 cho gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 64 m\u00f4n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Mah\u0101vih\u0101b\u1e63a (Thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u1eefu b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn hay T\u00ec-b\u00e0-sa \u0111\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn), m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i Thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u1eefu b\u1ed9. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong Bod rgya tshig mdzod chjen mo (T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n T\u1ea1ng \u2013Hoa) (Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n 1984). Bao g\u1ed3m 30 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng (bzo), nh\u01b0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, thi\u00ean v\u0103n, v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7, n\u00e0i v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00fa, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao; 18 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c (rol mo\u2019i bye brag) ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng h\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi tay ch\u00e2n; 7 lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea5t gi\u1ecdng (glu dbyangs kyi nges pa), l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00e2m thanh gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim hay th\u00fa kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n b\u00e0y c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac kh\u00e1c nhau; v\u00e0 9 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac m\u00faa (gar gyui cha byad) di\u1ec5n b\u00e0y c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cung c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n (m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, h\u00f9ng d\u0169ng), kh\u1ea9u, v\u00e0 \u00fd (t\u1eeb bi, an h\u00f2a). Ganguly (1962) c\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u1ea4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA12 rNam thar rgyas pa:34-35 c\u00f3 cho chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 tu h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]skt.&nbsp;<em>Ny\u0101yabindu-prakara\u1e47a<\/em>&nbsp;\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong lo\u1ea1t 7 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho lu\u1eadn l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p X\u1ee9ng (~ 600-650) C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Quan T\u01b0\u1edbng Thu\u1ed9c Lu\u1eadn<\/em>(skt.&nbsp;<em>sa\u1e43bandhapar\u012bk\u1e63\u0101prakara\u1e47a<\/em>),&nbsp;<em>L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(skt<em>. pram\u0101\u1e47avini\u015bcaya<\/em>)&nbsp;<em>L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Lu\u1eadn<\/em>(skt.&nbsp;<em>pram\u0101\u1e47avarttika-k\u0101rik\u0101<\/em>),&nbsp;<em>Ch\u00ednh L\u00fd Nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00edch Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(skt.&nbsp;<em>ny\u0101yabindu-prakara\u1e47a<\/em>),&nbsp;<em>Nh\u00e2n Lu\u1eadn Nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00edch Lu\u1eadn<\/em>(skt.&nbsp;<em>hetubindu-n\u0101ma-prakara\u1e47a<\/em>),&nbsp;<em>Lu\u1eadn Ngh\u1ecb Ch\u00ednh L\u00fd Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(skt.&nbsp;<em>v\u0101dany\u0101ya-n\u0101ma-prakara\u1e47a<\/em>),&nbsp;<em>Th\u00e0nh Tha T\u01b0\u1edbng Thu\u1ed9c Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(skt.&nbsp;<em>sa\u1e43t\u0101n\u0101ntarasiddhi-n\u0101ma-prakara\u1e47a<\/em>). Ph\u00e1p X\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba N\u0101land\u0101. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trong Duy th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n minh h\u1ecdc (t\u00fac l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]BA13 T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng K\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e47agiri hay K\u0101la\u015bil\u0101 (Chattopadhyaya 1981:73). nh\u01b0ng K\u0101la\u015bil\u0101 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u01a1n, theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (Buddhist Council Law) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi Roerich (1979:242) r\u1eb1ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 7 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng g\u1ea7n R\u0101jag\u1e5bha. [L\u0110 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh trong trang 73 c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u201cAtisa and Tibet\u201d 1999. Motilal Banarsidass ISBN:8120809289 c\u1ee7a Alaka Chattopadhyaya, Lama Chimpa l\u1ea1i ghi r\u1eb1ng \u201c The Black Mountain or K\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e47agiri (Ri-nag-po) is considered by R.C. Majumdar to be the same as modern Kanheri in the Bombay Precidency But without any sound evidence, B.C. Law, on the other hand, identifies it with K\u0101la\u015bil\u0101 one of the famous seven hills near R\u0101jag\u1e5bha \u2014 Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c L\u0110 ghi g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch n\u00e0y ! ]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]Hevajra c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u00f4 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 (th\u00e1nh b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n) ch\u00ednh trong M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng. V\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu c\u1ee7a Hevajra l\u00e0 Nair\u0101tmy\u0101.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]Ba-so-chos-kyi-rgyal-mtshan (mChan: 20.5) cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Dhana\u015brimita.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]BA14 M\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba (gsang sngags kyi theg pa), hay Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba (rdo rje theg pa) l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c kinh v\u0103n M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c M\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1edbp M\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n (rgyud sde).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]BA15 v\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>Thub pa\u2019i dgongs gsal,&nbsp;<\/em>Xem Geshe Wangyal and B. Cutillo,&nbsp;<em>Illuminations&nbsp;<\/em>(Novato, 1988)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]T\u1eeb ch\u1eef \u201cdeity\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n linh, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thu\u1ed9c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi, hay c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean, ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, th\u1ea7n th\u1ec3, tr\u1eddi, hay th\u1ea7n linh t\u00f9y ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh hay d\u00f2ng v\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i gi\u1eefa kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Yidam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong Anh ng\u1eef. Theo gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Sogyal Rinpoche v\u1ec1 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y th\u00ec: \u201c<em>Trong M\u1eadt th\u1eeba, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a giao c\u1ea3m. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang [c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3] kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng hay n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho vi\u1ec7c giao c\u1ea3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch h\u00f3a v\u00e0 thu b\u1eaft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1eadt. \u2026 Qua tu t\u1eadp vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed9 ra r\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/em>&nbsp;Nh\u01b0 trong nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c ma\u1e47\u1e0dala {\u0111\u00e0n tr\u00e0ng} th\u00ec gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi) nh\u01b0 hoa sen hay c\u00e1c \u00e2m ti\u1ebft Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef, xa h\u01a1n trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ma\u1e47\u1e0dala gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p trong d\u1ea1ng hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay d\u1ea1ng hai ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb n\u00e0y tr\u00f9ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef Yidam l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>h\u1ed9 ph\u1eadt<\/em>&nbsp;v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 mang s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 (ngh\u0129a h\u1eb9p); tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cyidam\u201d (i\u1e63\u1e6dadevat\u0101) hay th\u1ea7n th\u1ec3, b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n hay b\u1ed5n s\u01b0: C\u0169ng theo Sogyal Rinpoche th\u00ec: \u201c<em>C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ph\u1eadt hay m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 v\u1edbi v\u1ecb b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n l\u00fd [gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9], v\u00e0 h\u1ecd m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a tu t\u1eadp. V\u00ec s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t t\u1ecfa h\u00e0o quang c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u00e0y v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd kh\u1edfi sinh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u00f9y theo ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n, gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3, hay th\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. N\u00f3i chung gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a h\u1eb9p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying<\/em>. P 289. Sogyal Rinpoche. HarperOne. 1994.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 t\u1ea5n phong \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng s\u0129 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c (sa-di).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]Ng\u1ee5 \u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng.&nbsp;<em>Steps on the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>. Vol1 p24. Lhundub Sopa. Wisdom. 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]BA16 C\u00f3 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tu t\u1eadp t\u1eeb l\u00fac b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 5 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh: (1) L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh T\u00edch l\u0169y \u2013 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. (2) L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u2013 quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb bi, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. (3) L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh Tri ki\u1ebfn \u2013 t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec5u ng\u1ed9 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m vi t\u1ebf t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean. \u1ede th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y trong \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o. (4) L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2013 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e1 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng. \u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc. (5) L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh V\u00f4 h\u1ecdc \u2013 c\u00e1c tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ed.&nbsp;<em>How to Practice<\/em>&nbsp;. p202-207.Dalai Lama. Pocket Books. 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]T\u00ean \u015ailarak\u1e63ita c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 H\u1ed9 Gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9 (skt. mah\u0101s\u0101\u1e45ghika) l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1i \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang\u201d, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn, \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a T\u0103ng-gi\u00e0, t\u00e1ch ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i k\u1ebft t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba t\u1ea1i p\u0101\u1e6daliputra. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba sau n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang b\u1ed9 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 danh, c\u00e1i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n hay Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, th\u1ebf gian hay xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng danh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]&nbsp;BA17&nbsp;<em>rNam thar rgyas pa:&nbsp;<\/em>61.12. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp sau t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf&nbsp;<em>rNam thar rgyas pa:&nbsp;<\/em>60.3-62.6. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf trong tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u1edf d\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 hai: nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch b\u1edfi Tsongkhapa, k\u1ebft th\u00fac d\u00f2ng l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>rab tu grags;&nbsp;<\/em>nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong&nbsp;<em>rNam thar rgyas&nbsp;<\/em><em>pa&nbsp;<\/em>l\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh&nbsp;<em>grags pa yin.&nbsp;<\/em>V\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u00ec c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]T\u00ean \u015ari Dipa\u1e43karaj\u00f1\u0101na d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nhi\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng C\u00e1t T\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[28]BA18. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft t\u00ean n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Odantapuri. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Odantapuri ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh. [Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ebf h\u01a1p v\u1edbi c\u00e2u v\u0103n n\u00e0y n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[29]D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a t\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p H\u1ed9.[Xem http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dharmaraksita nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00f9ng t\u00ean \u2013 xem ti\u1ebfp: http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dharmarakshita_(Sumatran) ]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[30]BA19&nbsp;<em>\u0110<\/em><em>\u1ea1i t\u00ec-b\u00e0-sa Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(skt.&nbsp;<em>mah\u0101vibh\u0101\u1e63\u0101<\/em>), m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n trong l\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i k\u1ebft t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 IV t\u1ea1i Kashmir d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu (skt. vasumitra). \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00ec-b\u00e0-sa lu\u1eadn tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i Thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u1eefu b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[31]BA20 B\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba hay b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i thu\u1ed9c Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba. Theo Ngag-dbang-rab-brtan (mChan:23.6) \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u1eefu b\u1ed9 (skt. Sarv\u0101stiv\u0101din), \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang b\u1ed9 (skt. Mah\u0101sa\u1e43ghika), Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda b\u1ed9 hay Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o b\u1ed9 (skt. Sth\u0101vira) v\u00e0 Ch\u00e1nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 (skt. Sammit\u012bya).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[32]To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh 3 lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0&nbsp;<br>Kinh t\u1ea1ng (s\u016btra-pi\u1e6daka) bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng (vinaya-pi\u1e6daka) ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a T\u0103ng-gi\u00e0 (sa\u1e45gha) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng (abhidharma-pi\u1e6daka) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A-t\u00ec-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c quan ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt v\u1ec1 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc. Ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 Tam T\u1ea1ng (tripi\u1e6daka).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[33]\u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca M\u00e2u-ni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[34]BA21 Tam h\u1ecdc (tri\u015bik\u1e63\u0101) l\u00e0 ba ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tu h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt g\u1ed3m:<br><em>gi\u1edbi<\/em>&nbsp;(adhi\u015b\u012bla\u015bik\u1e63\u0101): H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c;&nbsp;<em>\u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>&nbsp;(adhicitta-\u015bik\u1e63\u0101): Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp trung, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng;&nbsp;<em>t<\/em><em>u\u1ec7<\/em>(adhipraj\u00f1\u0101-\u015bik\u1e63\u0101): ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt (ph\u00e1p) nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n. C\u1ea3 ba ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tr\u00ean li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 xung nhau. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ba ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[35]BA23 \u0110\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau r\u00f5 trong \u0111\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Tsongkhapa, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e0n b\u00e0i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 trong b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Byang chub lam rim chen mo\u2019i sa bcad v\u00e0 trong b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn \u2018Jam-dbyangs-bzhad-pa. \u2018s mChan (Ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd) 24.5. S\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ea7n n\u00eau ra c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb qua lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m song h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo sau l\u00e0: b. Ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c. Ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[36]BA24 rNam thar rgyas pa:94.15-18.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[37]BA25 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n tu s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kinh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Thanh V\u0103n th\u1eeba ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Ati\u015ba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Thanh V\u0103n trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c theo ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[38]Anh ng\u1eef vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Yak, t\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u00f2-t\u00f3t v\u1edbi l\u00f4ng d\u00e0i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Hymalaya Trung Nam \u00c1, cao nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5. V\u00ec ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng b\u00f2-t\u00f3t v\u00e0 \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f4i khi s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cb\u00f2-t\u00f3t\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng b\u00f2 Yak n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[39]BA26 rNam thar rgyas pa:95.9-12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[40]BA27 Xem J. Hopkins,&nbsp;<em>Practice of Emptiness: The Perfection of Wisdom&nbsp;<\/em>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1<em>Fifth Dalai Lama\u2019s \u201cSacred Word of Manjusrl\u201d&nbsp;<\/em>(Dharamsala, 1976).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[41]BA28 rNam thar rgyas pa:87.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[42]Ch\u1eef \u201ctha nh\u00e2n\u201d, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch d\u00f9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 trong c\u00e2u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng \u201ccon ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d hay \u201cch\u00fang sinh d\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[43]BA29 Con Ph\u1eadt (rgyal sras) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[44]BA30 rNam thar rgyas pa:95.16 \u2013 96.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[45]BA31 \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 (diety yoga). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y Ati\u015ba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh M\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1ed1i cao t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb gi\u1eefa t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c.&nbsp;<em>Steps on the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>. Vol1 p30-31. Lhundub Sopa. Wisdom. 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[46]BA32 Avadh\u016btipa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh hi\u1ec7u cho Ati\u015ba ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kinh (m\u1ea1ch) trung \u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. \u2013 {Ngo\u00e0i ra, theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Berzin Archieve, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u trang Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0&nbsp;www.lamrim.com&nbsp;v\u00e0&nbsp;www.fpmt.org&nbsp;th\u00ec Ati\u015ba c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Avadhutipa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.berzinarchives.com\/web\/en\/archives\/approaching_buddhism\/teachers\/lineage_masters\/life_Ati\u015ba.html&gt;. May 02 2009. Geshe Ngawang Dhargyey. 2009. The Berzin Archives}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[47]BA33 rNam thar rgyas pa:96.17 \u2013 97.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[48]BA34 Ba c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 Thanh V\u0103n, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, v\u00e0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[49]BA35 Loch\u00f6 Rimbochay cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cth\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u\u201d (rig pa brtul zhugs) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng cao c\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[50]L\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o thu\u1ed9c bang Bihar \u1ea4n-\u0111\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca M\u00e2u-ni nh\u1eadp ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n. C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[51]BA36 rNam thar rgyas pa:40.13-16. B\u1ed1n trang cu\u1ed1i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn t\u1ea1i 21.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[52]BA37 Ibid.: 92.13-93.1. Roerich (1979: 43) c\u00e1c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n trong v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[53]BA38 Xem l\u1ea1i ch\u00fa th\u00edch 30 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh trong ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[54]BA39 T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o g\u1ed3m: t\u0103ng ch\u00fang (c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 nam), ni ch\u00fang (c\u00e1c tu s\u0129 n\u1eef), c\u00e1c nam c\u01b0 s\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1eef c\u01b0 s\u0129.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[55]M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba ch\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: (1) B\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u00d0\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m: \u00d0\u00f4ng S\u01a1n Tr\u1ee5 B\u1ed9, T\u00e2y S\u01a1n Tr\u1ee5 B\u1ed9, Tuy\u1ebft S\u01a1n B\u1ed9, Thuy\u1ebft Xu\u1ea5t Th\u1ebf B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft Gi\u1ea3 B\u1ed9. (2) C\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9 (Sarvastivadin) bao g\u1ed3m: C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9, \u1ea8m Quang B\u1ed9, H\u00f3a \u00d0\u1ecba B\u1ed9, Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng B\u1ed9, \u00d0a V\u0103n B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Thuy\u1ebft B\u1ed9. (3) C\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Ch\u00e1nh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed9, bao g\u1ed3m K\u00ea D\u1eabn B\u1ed9, \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea3 Kh\u00ed T\u1eed B\u1ed9, v\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ed9c T\u1eed B\u1ed9. (4) C\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda b\u1ed9 bao g\u1ed3m Ch\u1ebf \u00d0a S\u01a1n B\u1ed9, V\u00f4 \u00day S\u01a1n Tr\u1ee5 B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 Ph\u00e1i.&nbsp;<em>C\u00e1c B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/em>&nbsp;Nalinaksha Dutt. Nguy\u00ean T\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch. Chptr4 . PL.2015.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[56]BA40 H\u1ecd l\u00e0 vua Ye-shes-\u2018od (ye-shay-\u00f6) s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 9 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 10, v\u00e0 Byang-chub-\u2018od (jang-chup-\u00f6) s\u1ed1ng trong ti\u1ec1n b\u00e1n th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 11 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 vua c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[57]BA41 brGya-brtson-\u2019grus-seng-ge m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1041 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ati\u015ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[58]BA42 Ngag-dbang-rab-brtan (mChan: 29.4-6) \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 hai truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 Ati\u015ba l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed9t cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 Tsongkhapa tin theo cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf h\u1ebft m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y n\u0103m; c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0i m\u1ea5t l\u00fac b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i ba tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[59]T\u1ecbch H\u1ed9 (skt. \u015b\u0101ntarak\u1e63ita), 750-802, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Cao t\u0103ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba Trung Qu\u00e1n t\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p sang T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u. S\u01b0 qu\u00ea t\u1ea1i Bengal (\u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc \u1ea4n) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7n N\u0101land\u0101. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 th\u1ea3y hai l\u1ea7n, trong l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai \u0111i c\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, s\u01b0 ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a 13 n\u0103m t\u1ea1i T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh (skt. padmasambhava, padmak\u0101ra) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 8. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng sang T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ph\u00e1i Ninh M\u00e3 (Nyingma) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. T\u00ean Padmasambhava c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sinh t\u1eeb hoa sen. Ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Guru Rinpoche.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[60]Ha-sang c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u00e0 H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[61]T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[62]BA43 N\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o l\u00e0: Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (nang rig pa), phi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (phyi\u2019i rig pa), v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn l\u00fd (sgra gtan tshigs), c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt (bzo), v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc (gso ba). C\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m, lu\u1eadn l\u00fd, c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[63]BA44 rNam thar rgyas pa: 4.4-8. D\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, \u201cvenerable t\u0101r\u0101, and so forth\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft b\u1ecf v\u00ec l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i sao ch\u00e9p. Trong ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i theo c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, rNam thar rgyas pa li\u1ec7t k\u00ea s\u00e1u gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh (thugs dam gyi gtso bo) c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0-la t\u00f4n (skt. T\u0101r\u0101, tib. Jo-mo sGol-ma), Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m (skt. Avalokite\u015bvara, tib.\u2019Phags-pa sPyan-ras-gzigs), B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ecba (skt. \u0100cala, tib. Mi-g yo-ba), \u0110\u1ec1-li-tam-mu\u1ed9i-da Trang nghi\u00eam v\u01b0\u01a1ng&nbsp;<em>(skt. Trisamayar\u0101javy\u016bhar\u0101ja; tib. Dam-tshig-gsum-bkod-pa\u2019i-rgyal-po), Lu\u00e2n C\u1ea5m (skt.&nbsp;<\/em>cakrasa\u1e43vara, tib. bDe-mchog-\u2018khor-lo) v\u00e0 H\u00f4 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng (skt. Hevajra tib. dPal dGyes-pa-rdo-rje).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[64]D\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Tam Mu\u1ed9i Hoa Nghi\u00eam M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[65]T\u0101r\u0101 (Tib. \u0f66\u0f92\u0fb2\u0f7c\u0f63\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: \u2018Th\u00e1nh N\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u2019 \u2014 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n trong d\u1ea1ng n\u1eef li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng T\u0101r\u0101 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 T\u00e1m v\u1ecb T\u0101r\u0101 H\u1ed9 tr\u00ec kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 21 v\u1ecb T\u0101r\u0101 nh\u01b0ng v\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ecb h\u1ed9 th\u1ea7n L\u1ee5c T\u0101r\u0101 (T\u0101r\u0101 c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c) v\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch T\u0101r\u0101 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi th\u1ee7y T\u0101r\u0101 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m (skt. Avalokite\u015bvara).&nbsp;<em>Tara<\/em>. Rigpa Shedra. Truy c\u1eadp: 16\/06\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org\/index.php?title=Tara&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[66]C\u00e1c d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca-m\u00e2u-ni truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng (Sopa vol1 p.40).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[67]Truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba Tri ki\u1ebfn th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[68]BA45 N\u0103m truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba bao g\u1ed3m: D\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n chung cho m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n, truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba B\u00ed M\u1eadt T\u1eadp H\u1ed9i (skt. Guhyasam\u0101ja), d\u00f2ng M\u1eabu Th\u00e2n, d\u00f2ng Ph\u1ee5 Th\u00e2n, d\u00f2ng M\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Du gi\u00e0, v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng Di\u00eam V\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng hay Di\u00eam-m\u1ea1n-\u0111\u1ee9c-ca (skt. Yam\u0101ntaka) (Sopa Vol1 p .41).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[69]BA46 Tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong rNam thar rgyas pa:21.17-22.2. \u0110o\u1ea1n ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n 6-21 trong rNam thar rgyas pa. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 3 \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong rNam thar rgyas pa \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n:6.3, 18.16 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp sau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 trong 225.1-226.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[70]C\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u015a\u0101nti-pa, Ser-ling-ba (hay Dharmarakshita), Bhadrabodhi, v\u00e0 J\u00f1\u0101na\u015bri l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00f3 t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 T\u1ecbch T\u0129nh, Ph\u00e1p H\u1ed9, Gi\u00e1c Hi\u1ec1n (hay B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec1n) v\u00e0 C\u00e1t T\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[71]BA47 S\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tr\u00ean t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong Tshe-mchog-gling-Ye-shes-rgyal-mtshan (Ye-shay-gyen-tsen, 1713-1793), Byang chub lam gyi rim pa\u2019i bla ma brgyud pa\u2019i rmam par thar pa (Cu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1eddi c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1o Hu\u1ea5n Lamrim), vol. 1, pp. 259-385. C\u00e1c ni\u00ean l\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0: Rin-chen-bzang-po (958-1055), rNal-\u2018byor-ba-chen-po (1015-1077), dGon-pa-ba (1016-1082), \u2018Brom-ston-pa-rgyal-ba\u2019o-\u2018byung-gnas (1005-1064).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[72]BA48 rNam thar gyi yi ge chen mo rnams. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd l\u1ecbch chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba qua t\u1ef1a n\u00e0y. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 rNam thar rgyas pa hay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Tsongkhapa, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 rNam thar rgyas pa v\u00e0 rNam thar rgyas pa yongs grags (xem ch\u00fa th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2:&nbsp;Gi\u00e1 Tr\u1ecb Cao Qu\u00fd C\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">II. Ch\u1ee9ng minh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi sinh l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<br>B. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<br>C. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<br>D. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">****************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 tham kh\u1ea3o l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Ng\u1ecdn \u0110\u00e8n Soi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/em>. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n do c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o, nh\u01b0ng&nbsp;<em>Ng\u1ecdn \u0110\u00e8n Soi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>}l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t. B\u1edfi v\u00ec k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u1ea3 hai th\u1eeba: Kinh V\u0103n Th\u1eeba v\u00e0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba {Hi\u1ec3n Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o} n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u; b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh; v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang nghi\u00eam b\u1eb1ng khai th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hai guru {\u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, thi\u1ec7n s\u01b0} tinh th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb hai b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n phong[1]&nbsp;m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y vi di\u1ec7u h\u01a1n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c. [12]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>II. Ch\u1ee9ng minh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi sinh l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 cao qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<br>2. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<br>3. D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<br>4. T\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A.Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p,&nbsp;<em>Ch\u00fa Gi\u1ea3i V\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Bohdi-prad\u012bpa-pa\u00f1jik\u0101-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0i Avalokitavrata {T\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a Qu\u00e1n V\u00f4 Gi\u1edbi} gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng:[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cgi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p\u201d, c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Bhagavan[3]&nbsp;{Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng}gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh [c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n {skt. aprati\u1e63\u1e6dhitanirv\u0101\u1e47a}].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, [trong n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>] hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ed9 {l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng} h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec th\u1ebf gian [t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sanh]. B\u1edfi v\u00ec B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed tu theo c\u1ea3 b\u00e0 d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba [Thanh V\u0103n, Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c {Ph\u1eadt Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c}, v\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t], n\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n theo ba d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba \u0111\u00f3. Cho n\u00ean, Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Bodhicitta-vivara\u1e47a<\/em>) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng[4]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi sinh \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c mang theo c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lu\u00f4n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4n ngoan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m d\u00ednh m\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0, Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng trong&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec7u Qu\u1ea3 Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Pram\u0101\u1e47a-varttika-k\u0101rik\u0101<\/em>) {L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Lu\u1eadn}\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp<em>:<strong>[5]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi<br>Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i cho m\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u2026.\u201d, Ajita {Di-l\u1eb7c} trong&nbsp;<em>Hi\u1ec7n Qu\u00e1n Trang Nghi\u00eam Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 cho bi\u1ebft th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ba th\u1eeba l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t\u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c\u0111\u00edch m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh.[6]&nbsp;C\u0169ng v\u1eady&nbsp;<em>M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<\/em>&nbsp;[<em>B\u00e1t V\u1ea1n T\u1ee9 Thi\u00ean K\u1ec7 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Kinh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-m\u1eadt-\u0111a 84 Ng\u00e0n C\u00e2u<\/em>}]vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:[7]&nbsp;[13]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u2013 b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Thanh V\u0103n, \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt&nbsp;<\/em>hay Ph\u1eadt \u2013 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn khi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba v\u00ec m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb khi tu h\u1ecdc theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba. B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb kinh t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba, l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1eb7t ri\u00eang ra m\u1ed9t b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong kinh t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba, ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi v\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u tinh t\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng an l\u1ea1c ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed7i cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y th\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 ba th\u1eeba trong s\u01b0u t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eeba kh\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, m\u1ecdi kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh. N\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh. V\u00e0 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nghi v\u1ea5n<\/em>: \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu h\u1ecdc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng {l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p} to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 tu h\u1ecdc theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Kim cang th\u1eeba, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m chung t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb, b\u1edfi v\u00ec hai l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y thu\u1eadn nhau[8]. [14]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadt v\u00f4 l\u00fd. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh {\u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a} bao g\u1ed3m t\u01b0 duy cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 {B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m} v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 trong&nbsp;<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ec9nh M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Vajra-<\/em>&nbsp;<em>\u015bikhara<\/em>)<em>:<strong>[9]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh<br>\u0110\u1eebng l\u00e0m phai nh\u1ea1t \u00fd t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecf qu\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong nhi\u1ec1u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n M\u1eadt th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0169ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbp c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ma\u1e47\u1e0dala c\u1ee7a Du-gi\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecd c\u1ea3 hai gi\u1edbi chung v\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Gi\u1edbi chung ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn gi\u1edbi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh h\u1ee9a l\u00e0m theo h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ba quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c[10]&nbsp;V\u00ec th\u1ebf, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu to\u00e0n b\u00edch l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i l\u1eddi th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m theo B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t h\u1ea1nh sau khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, nghi v\u1ea5n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee9a tr\u00ec gi\u1eef t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi M\u1eadt th\u1eeba. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong&nbsp;<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00f4ng H\u00e0nh Nam M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Vajra-\u1e0d\u0101ka<\/em>)<em>, H\u1ee3p Nghi \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Sa\u1e43pu\u1e6di<\/em>)<em>,&nbsp;<\/em>v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ec9nh M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n&nbsp;<\/em>khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ecd l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt A-di-\u0111\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00ecn gi\u1eef c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec7t hay<br>Ngay c\u1ea3 ba th\u1eeba, thu\u1ed9c hi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1eadt[11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean l\u00e0m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn nhau, nh\u01b0 n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea1nh. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng. Ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m hay kh\u00f4ng, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ba th\u1eeba hay n\u0103m l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1eeba v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u0103n b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o {Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a Th\u1eeba, Kinh Th\u1eeba, Hi\u1ec3n Th\u1eeba}, thi k\u1ec7&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a T\u1ed5ng L\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1t Thi\u00ean K\u1ec7<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Ratna-gu\u1e47a-sa\u00f1caya-g\u0101th\u0101<\/em>)vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<br>C\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, v\u00e0 ngay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<br>L\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, ngo\u00e0i vi\u00ean m\u00e3n to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o {hay B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a} [15]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh.V\u00ec th\u1ebf, th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p g\u00ec c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ecf ch\u00fang qua m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ngay c\u1ea3 trong Kim Cang Th\u1eeba, th\u00ec l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a n\u00e0y l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chia s\u1ebb chung cho c\u1ea3 Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o l\u1eabn M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt th\u1eeba v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p chia s\u1ebb chung n\u00e0y \u2013 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3nh, c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n, th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, hai giai tr\u00ecnh {giai tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 giai tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t}, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111i k\u00e8m \u2013 th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chia s\u1ebb chung qua m\u1ed9t b\u00ean,th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m to l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i khi d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p ri\u00eang th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kia. Khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1eeba cao h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba v\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a th\u1eeba. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong M\u1eadt th\u1eeba, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ba M\u1eadt th\u1eeba th\u1ea5p[12]&nbsp;v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Trong \u00fd n\u00e0y, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy hi\u1ec3m khi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o, v\u1eefng tin v\u00e0o kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt. V\u1eady th\u00ec h\u00e3y h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. \u0110\u1eebng l\u1ea5y l\u00fd do m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay quay l\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0, suy ngh\u0129 v\u1edbi d\u1ef1 li\u1ec7u: \u201cKhi n\u00e0o th\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u00e0 quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m?\u201d Tu t\u1eadp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, x\u00f3a tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, l\u1eadp h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n. R\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00e2m linh s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y Cao Qu\u00fd [Drom-d\u00f6n-ba] n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i [Ati\u015ba {A-\u0111\u1ec1-Sa, Nhi\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng C\u00e1t T\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00ed}] l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch mang t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t\u201d.[13]Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y mang \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;ch\u1ec9 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00f3p nh\u1eb7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m tinh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c cao c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng trong gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. [16]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi hay t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu v\u00e0 an l\u1ea1c cho nh\u1eefng ai kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m n\u00e0o trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u00e3y b\u1ecf qua. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, trong&nbsp;<em>T\u1ed1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Uttara-tantra<\/em>)c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[14]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 uy\u00ean th\u00e2m h\u01a1n B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t [m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi] {nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed, to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c} v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y \u0111\u1eebng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec trong b\u1ed9 t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p thi\u00eang li\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng, nh\u1eefng kinh t\u1eadp qu\u00fd b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn {gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n} t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Cho d\u00f9 th\u1ebf, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc \u1edf th\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u00ecm t\u00f2i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cao minh {thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3, thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c}. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n phong tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho tri ki\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kinh s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t bao nhi\u00eau, s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111i n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng mang theo tri ki\u1ebfn ch\u1eafc th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i cao ki\u1ebfn, hay l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kinh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kinh s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00f4i, n\u00ean thi\u1ebfu h\u1eb3n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 y\u1ebfu cho th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec. R\u1ed3i th\u00ec h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 hai h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u: gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111ang h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ec v\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. [17] C\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u0169ng t\u00edch l\u0169y ch\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 khi t\u1ea7m c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kinh c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n m\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 cao ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u1edf b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u xa\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kinh s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 v.v\u2026, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang\u201d. \u0110\u1eebng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u201cC\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u00e0y thi\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng tri ki\u1ebfn b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c; nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00e2m s\u00e2u\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Chang-chup-rin-chen (Byang-chub-rin-chen) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ho\u00e0n b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf n\u1eb1m g\u1ecdn trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay; m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o Gom-ba-rin-chen-la-ma (sGom-pa-rin-chen-bla-ma) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u201cnghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t th\u00e0nh b\u1ee5i\u201d nh\u1eefng \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd[15]&nbsp;trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh theo s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ati\u015ba. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ecb T\u00f4n S\u01b0 [Drom-d\u00f6n-ba] n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m n\u1ebfu, sau khi h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Khi h\u1ecd mong \u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. L\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 trong Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p B\u00e1u Lu\u1eadn(<em>Abhidharma-ko\u015ba<\/em>)c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n:[16]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p vi di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang mang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n kia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n hai lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p: kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9. Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh; gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1t ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y theo nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang. [18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, hai gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ua cho con ng\u1ef1a tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ua r\u1ed3i th\u00ec h\u00e3y ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi khi ch\u1ec9 con ng\u1ef1a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ua n\u00e0y m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111ua \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c v\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 suy nghi\u1ec7m, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c? Trong \u00fd n\u00e0y, Ng\u00e0i Li\u00ean Hoa Gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong quy\u1ec3n ba c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ba quy\u1ec3n&nbsp;<em>\u201cGiai Tr\u00ecnh Thi\u1ec1n\u201d&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Bh\u0101vana-krama<\/em>):[17]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00ean ch\u00fang m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 kh\u1edfi sanh th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 suy nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n l\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua cho con ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed9c thi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i, t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 qua \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u00e0o c\u00e1c giai t\u1ea7ng s\u00fac t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n thi\u1ec1n {thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9} \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9, v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1edbi tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t[18]&nbsp;cho nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n {thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, thi\u1ec1n minh s\u00e1t}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang \u0111i, nh\u0301\u1eadn ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m sai s\u00f3t kh\u00e1c. Trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng? N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t khi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 bao la n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kinh v\u0103n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. [19] C\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng kinh lu\u1eadn c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kinh \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u \u2013 khi \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch, th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecf ra r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 {guru}, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb t\u1eeb&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 cho nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Sad-dharma-pu\u1e47\u1e0dar\u012bka-s\u016btra<strong>[19]<\/strong><\/em>) v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng&nbsp;<em>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thuy\u1ebft Ch\u00e2n L\u00fd&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u1ebf Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u00e2n<\/em>}(<em>Satyaka-parivarta<\/em>)<em><strong>[20]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 tu th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m cho r\u1eb1ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt. R\u1ed3i th\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 x\u1ea5u, c\u00f3 l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u00fd, r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, h\u1ecd gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t b\u00ean v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cM\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kia\u201d. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ecd xa r\u1eddi gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft Qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u00e1 T\u1eadp Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Sarva-vaidalya-sa\u1e43graha-s\u016btra<\/em>)<em><strong>[21]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y V\u0103n Th\u00f9 S\u01b0 L\u1ee3i, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. N\u00e0y V\u0103n Th\u00f9 S\u01b0 L\u1ee3i, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng Nh\u01b0 Lai[22]&nbsp;v\u00e0 n\u00f3i x\u1ea5u v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed. [20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u kia v\u00f4 l\u00fd\u201d th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i n\u00f3i \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, cho<em>&nbsp;c\u00e1c thanh v\u0103n<\/em>\u201d, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o cho c\u00e1c&nbsp;<em>ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u00e1c<\/em>\u201d c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu cho B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t\u201d, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng.&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Sam\u0101dhi-r\u0101ja-s\u016btra<\/em>) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[23]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf kinh t\u1eadp l\u00e0 l\u1edbn lao h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c&nbsp;<em>ng\u00f4i th\u00e1p<strong>[24]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u1edf Nam Thi\u1ec7m B\u1ed9 Ch\u00e2u (Jampud\u012bpa)<em><strong>[25]<\/strong><\/em>. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf kinh t\u1eadp l\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng A-la-h\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1t s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i tr\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1eadt h\u00e3y ch\u1ecbu \u0111au \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai tri ki\u1ebfn cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u00ean, th\u00ec t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00e1nh xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c sai tr\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9&nbsp;<em>Ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u1ebf Tho\u1ea1i Gi\u1ea3<\/em>&nbsp;{ngh\u0129a l\u00e0<em>&nbsp;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thuy\u1ebft Ch\u00e2n L\u00fd<\/em>}v\u00e0<em>&nbsp;Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa.<\/em>&nbsp;Trong kinh&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft Qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u00e1 T\u1eadp Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-3\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA49 Hai v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gSer-gling-pa chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc {t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Duy th\u1ee9c T\u00f4ng}, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n Vidy\u0101kokila (Rjg-pa\u2019i-khu-byug-chung-ba), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Avadh\u016btipa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd {T\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u00e1n T\u00f4ng} (<em>mchan:&nbsp;<\/em>34.2-3, A-kya: 106.5-6).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA50<em>PrajM-pradita-tika,&nbsp;<\/em>P5259:275.3.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]BA51 M\u1ed9t danh x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng (bragna) b\u1ed1n th\u1ea7n linh \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c\u201d v\u00e0 l\u00e0 V\u1ecb c\u00f3 s\u00e1u thi\u1ec7n m\u1ef9 (bhaga) : v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, danh ti\u1ebfng, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, vinh quang, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7y hoan h\u1ef7. C\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA52 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Bodhicitta-vivara\u1e47a:<\/em>&nbsp;38, theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Rab-zhi-chos-kyi-bshes-gnyen (Ra-shi-cho-gyi-shay-nyen) v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (P5470:273.3.4-5). Lindner (1982: 196-197) \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>rang la de bzhin gzhan dag la\/ nges pa bskyed par bya ba\u2019i phyir,&nbsp;<\/em>tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i Sm\u1e5btij\u00f1\u0101nak\u012brti {Ch\u00e1nh Ni\u1ec7m Tu\u1ec7 X\u1ee9ng} \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 trong&nbsp;<em>Bodhicitta-vivara\u1e47a-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Ch\u00fa Gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>{hay&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/em>})(P2694:140.2.3), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>de bas na rang gi nges pa gzhan rnams la nges pa bskyed pa\u2019i don du ni\u2026.<\/em>Thi \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n Long Th\u1ecd b\u00e1c b\u1ecf v\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>Vij\u00f1\u0101nav\u0101da&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Gi\u00e1o Thuy\u1ebft Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]BA53<em>Pramana-varttika-karika,<\/em>Shastri 1968: 50.3; P5709:85.5.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]BA54 AA: 1.1;P5184:3.1.1-2. C\u00e1c \u201cL\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh\u201d n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Thanh V\u0103n, \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt,<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]BA55&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-a\u1e63\u1e6dada\u015bas\u0101hasrik\u0101-praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;P732:129.3.4-6. Nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef n\u00e0y h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch c\u1ee7a Tsongkhapa nh\u01b0ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]BA56 M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gi\u1edbi th\u1ecd trong c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chung, nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sanh, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng sinh ho\u1ea1t t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng bia, v\u00e0 v.v\u2026, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong M\u1eadt Th\u1eeba, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, hai th\u1eeba n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]BA57<em>Vajra-\u015bikhara-guhya-yoga-tantra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1eadt Du-gi\u00e0<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>P113:7.2.7;26.3.8-26.4.1;31.2.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]BA58 Ba-so-chos-kyi-rgyal-mtshan (mChan: 38.6) ba quy lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 (1) tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c (nyes spyod sdom pa) ; (2) l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh (dge ba chos bsdus), v\u00e0 (3) ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00fang sanh (sems can don byed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA59 Khi th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn gi\u1edbi tu theo M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 19 l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n (<em>samaya, dam tshig<\/em>)\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt A-di-\u0111\u00e0, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong&nbsp;<em>\u015ari-vajra-\u1e0d\u0101ka-mah\u0101-tantra-r\u0101ja&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00f4ng H\u00e0nh Nam M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>} (P18:107.3.7) l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>phyi nang gsang ba\u2019i theg pa gsum \/ dam chos yang dag gsung bar bgyi;&nbsp;<\/em>trong&nbsp;<em>Sa\u1e43pu\u1e6di-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101-tantra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>H\u1ee3p Nghi \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>} (P26:255.2.8-255.3.1) l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>phyi dang gsang ba theg pa gsum\/dam pa\u2019i choskyang so sor gsung;&nbsp;<\/em>v\u00e0 trong&nbsp;<em>Vajra-\u015bikhara<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ec9nh M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>} (P113:19.2.8) l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>phyi nang gsang ba\u2019i theg pa gsum\/dam pa\u2019i chos ni gzung bar bgyi. Vajra-\u015bikhara&nbsp;<\/em>v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Vajra-\u1e0d\u0101ka&nbsp;<\/em>l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec l\u00e0 \u201c<em>ba th\u1eeba: ngo\u1ea1i, n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1eadt\u201d.&nbsp;<\/em>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Tsongkhapa l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n&nbsp;<em>Sa\u1e43pu\u1e6di<\/em>, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong&nbsp;<em>rTsa ltung rnam bshad&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Ngu\u1ed3n G\u1ed1c C\u00e1c Suy Tr\u1ee5y Trong M\u1eadt Th\u1eeba<\/em>)<em>:&nbsp;<\/em>3b2. Theo Ba-so-chos-kyi-rgyal-mtshan (<em>mChan:&nbsp;<\/em>39.2) \u201cngo\u1ea1i\u201d \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1eadt th\u1eeba H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 M\u1eadt Th\u1eeba Thi\u1ec7n H\u1ea1nh<strong>,&nbsp;<\/strong>\u201cm\u1eadt\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Du-gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 T\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Du-gi\u00e0, v\u00e0 \u201cba th\u1eeba\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 hai th\u1eeba n\u00e0y v\u00e0 Th\u1eeba Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]Ba th\u1eeba th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng l\u00e0:&nbsp;<em>M\u1eadt th\u1eeba H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/em>&nbsp;(Kriy\u0101tantra) \u2014 l\u00e0 c\u1ed7 xe \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong 3 l\u1edbp M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i vi. C\u00e1c M\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh ki\u1ec3m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a, t\u1ea9y u\u1ebf v\u00e0 v.v\u2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>M\u1eadt th\u1eeba Thi\u1ec7n H\u1ea1nh<\/em>&nbsp;(Cary\u0101tantra) c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba C\u1eadn Du-gi\u00e0 (UpaYogatantra) or hay M\u1eadt th\u1eeba L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Th\u1ec3 (Ubhayatantra) \u2014 l\u00e0 l\u1edbp th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec trong 3 l\u1edbp ngo\u1ea1i vi. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba Thi\u1ec7n H\u1ea1nh v\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ean M\u1eadt th\u1eeba L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi M\u1eadt th\u1eeba Du-gi\u00e0 trong khi h\u1ea1nh ki\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>M\u1eadt th\u1eeba Du-gi\u00e0<\/em>&nbsp;(Yogatantra) \u2014 thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp ngo\u1ea1i vi th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt th\u1eeba. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh tr\u00ean thi\u1ec1n du-gi\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ec3, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00e0i:&nbsp;<em>Kriya Tantra,<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Charya Tantra<\/em>, v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Yoga Tantra<\/em>. Rigpa Shedra. &lt;http:\/\/www.rigpawiki.org&gt;. Truy c\u1eadp 19\/08\/2010.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA61 A-kya-yongs-\u2018dzin (A-kya:107.4-108.6) tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u201cl\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y\u201d, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tam v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc {gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7} v\u00e0 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9t x\u00fac x\u1eafc, v\u1ed1n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang s\u1eb5n l\u00e0, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eady. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec h\u1ebft khi ta nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a giai tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]BA62&nbsp;<em>Mah\u0101y\u0101nottara-tantra-\u015b\u0101stra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba T\u1ed1i Cao M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n Lu\u1eadn<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;Johnston 1950 (RGV):5.20; P5525:31.5.2-3. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9 kinh n\u00e0y t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Di-l\u1eb7c, nh\u01b0ng theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Trung Hoa t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i S\u0101ramati {Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00edn}<strong>.&nbsp;<\/strong>V\u1ec1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y xin xem Takasaki 1966:6-9 v\u00e0 Ruegg 1969:32-55.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]Th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng quen thu\u1ed9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c (hay t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c) hay ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd (hay t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA63&nbsp;<em>Abhidharma-ko\u015ba-k\u0101rik\u0101,&nbsp;<\/em>Shastri 1972 (AK): 8.39; P5590:127.1.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]BA64&nbsp;<em>Bh\u0101vana-krama,&nbsp;<\/em>P5312:40.1.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t (tib. \u0f66\u0f7c\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f9f\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f61\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f64\u0f7a\u0f66) c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 di\u1ec7u quan s\u00e1t tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]BA65<em>&nbsp;Sad-dharma-pu\u1e47\u1e0dar\u012bka-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;Vaidya 1960a (SP):2.54; P781: 10.5-15.45.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]BA66&nbsp;<em>Satyaka-parivarta<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a kinh&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-bodhisattva-gocaop\u0101ya-<\/em><em>vi\u1e63<\/em><em>aya-vikurv\u0101\u1e47a-nirde\u015ba-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra.<\/em>{<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Di\u1ec7u Hi\u1ec3n H\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh \u2013 Kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00edch Chi Ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec3n L\u1ed9 S\u1ef1 Si\u00eau Vi\u1ec7t B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t<\/em>}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]BA67&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-arva-vaidalya-sa\u1e43graha-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;{ngh\u0129a: Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thu nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch. T\u00ean kh\u00e1c: l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Bi\u1ebfn Nhi\u1ebfp Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft Nghi\u00ean Ma Kinh<\/em>} P893:124.5.4-7. H\u00e0ng ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00edch d\u1eabn b\u1edfi Tsongkhapa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong b\u1ea3n kinh ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 trong b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean&nbsp;<em>\u015bik\u1e63\u0101samuccaya&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadn<\/em>)<em>,&nbsp;<\/em>Vaidy\u00e1 960b: 56. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 v\u00e0i kinh kh\u00e1c Tsongkhapa tr\u00edch d\u1eabn t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n kinh n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n kinh nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]BA68&nbsp;<em>Nh\u01b0 Lai&nbsp;<\/em>L\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (<em>Tath\u0101gata<\/em>) gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 theo c\u00e1ch gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 (<em>tath\u0101<\/em>)c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]BA69&nbsp;<em>Sarva-dharma-svabh\u0101-samat\u0101-vipa\u1e45cita-sam\u0101dhi-r\u0101ja-s\u016btra,&nbsp;<\/em>Vaidya 1961 (SR): 18.31-32; P795: 300.3.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]BA70 M\u1ed9t&nbsp;<em>ng\u00f4i th\u00e1p&nbsp;<\/em>l\u00e0 t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u1edd ph\u1ee5ng tro c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh trong \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00e2n quy\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 v\u00e3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]Nam Thi\u1ec7m B\u1ed9 Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u00fai Tu-di (<em>Sumeru<\/em>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao quanh b\u1edfi 4 ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c {T\u1ee9 Ch\u00e2u} l\u00e0 1. Ph\u1ea5t-b\u00e0-\u0111\u1ec1 (P\u016brvavideha) t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng (c\u0169ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u1eafng Th\u1ea7n ch\u00e2u), 2. C\u00f9-da-ni (Aparagod\u0101niya) t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y (c\u0169ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 T\u00e2y Ng\u01b0u H\u00f3a ch\u00e2u), 3. Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9-\u0111\u1ec1 (Jambudv\u012bpa) t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam (c\u0169ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Nam Thi\u1ec7m B\u1ed9 ch\u00e2u) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 4. U\u1ea5t-\u0111an-vi\u1ec7t (Uttarakuru) t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eafc. (c\u0169ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 B\u1eafc C\u00f9 L\u00f4 ch\u00e2u).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3:&nbsp;Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u00e1ch L\u1eafng Nghe v\u00e0&nbsp;L\u00fd Gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3:<\/strong><br>III Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p theo c\u00e1ch qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u cao qu\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<br>2. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<br>3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng nghe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. T\u1eeb b\u1ecf ba khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a<br>b.Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u00e1u \u00fd ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p theo c\u00e1ch qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u cao qu\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<br>2. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<br>3. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed n\u00e0o khi gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p.<br>4. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng trong li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*****************************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u cao[1]&nbsp;qu\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i trong ba ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<br>2. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<br>3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng nghe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Thi K\u1ec7 L\u1eafng Nghe<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>\u015aruti<\/em><em>varga<\/em>)trong&nbsp;<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Ud\u0101na-varga<\/em>)n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1edd l\u1eafng nghe, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u<br>Nh\u1edd l\u1eafng nghe, sai qu\u1ea5y v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<br>Nh\u1edd l\u1eafng nghe, v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb<br>Nh\u1edd l\u1eafng nghe, Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1o [21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf k\u00edn trong nh\u00e0<br>V\u00e2y quanh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i<br>C\u00f3 m\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng n\u00e0o th\u1ea5y<br>S\u1eafc h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu kia \u0111\u00e2u,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh trong d\u00f2ng qu\u00fd ph\u00e1i<br>D\u00f9 th\u00f4ng minh mang s\u1eb5n theo c\u00f9ng<br>C\u0169ng \u0111\u00e2u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9<br>\u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i con m\u1eaft<br>Nh\u00ecn s\u1eafc h\u00ecnh nh\u1edd ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n t\u1ecf soi<br>N\u00ean nh\u1edd l\u1eafng nghe \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed5n Sanh Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>J\u0101takam\u0101l\u0101<\/em>)n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1edd l\u1eafng nghe, ng\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh t\u00edn<br>Ni\u1ec1m vui trong \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh khi\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh<br>Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 b\u1eebng l\u00ean v\u00e0 tan bi\u1ebfn v\u00f4 minh<br>\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3<br>Cho d\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1eafng nghe {t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a V\u0103n trong V\u0103n, T\u01b0, Tu} l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n x\u00f3a tan t\u0103m t\u1ed1i v\u00f4 minh<br>T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 k\u1ebb c\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i n\u00e0o l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,<br>M\u1ed9t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh tan k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i;<br>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, cho ta nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n[3], nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 x\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi b\u1ecf l\u00fac ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn,<br>M\u1ed9t d\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u<br>L\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ed9i l\u1edbn<br>L\u00e0 vinh quang, l\u00e0 v\u1ebb vang v\u00e0 trang b\u1ea3o<br>L\u00e0 qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi g\u1eb7p th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3<br>Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang; \u00f4i! Th\u1eadt hoan h\u1ef7 v\u1edbi b\u1eadc th\u1eafng tri<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a l\u1eafng nghe l\u00e0 ng\u00f5 v\u00e0o ch\u00e1nh h\u1ea1nh;<br>Ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u1edbi \u00edt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i sanh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tinh t\u1ea5n t\u1eeb t\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe {gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, Ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ecba&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Bodhisattva-bh\u016bmi<\/em>)<em><strong>[4]<\/strong><\/em>n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe v\u1edbi n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: v\u1edbi (1) t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt, b\u1edfi v\u00ec gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm qu\u00fd v\u00e0 \u00edt khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i; (2) t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t con m\u1eaft, b\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 kh\u1edfi sanh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00ean c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng; (3) t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng, l\u00e0 do con m\u1eaft tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3, \u0111ang v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi sanh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 [t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng] v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a [c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng {c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p}]; (4) \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn lao, c\u0169ng v\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9;[22] v\u00e0 (5) \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, do ngay t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n[5]&nbsp;v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kinh \u0110\u1ecba T\u1ea1ng (<em>K\u1e63itigarbha-s\u016btra<\/em>) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[6]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1eafng nghe Ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<br>\u0110\u1eebng ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng cho m\u00ecnh<br>H\u00e3y vinh danh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u2013<br>Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m xem h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi b\u1ea5t k\u00ednh, tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u1ef3 l\u1ea1y v\u00e0 d\u00e2ng t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 s\u01b0 t\u1eed hay nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, theo&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ecba,<\/em>&nbsp;l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o [c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o v\u00e0 khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng] v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang trong t\u00e2m n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn[7].&nbsp;<em>Kh\u00f4ng ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o<\/em>&nbsp;ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe v\u1edbi s\u00e1u thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh sau: (1) l\u1eafng nghe \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, (2) t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng, (3) t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, (4) kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, (5) th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi hu\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 (6) kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 tranh c\u00e3i.&nbsp;<em>Kh\u00f4ng khinh r\u1ebb<\/em>&nbsp;ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai.<em>&nbsp;\u0110\u1eebng mang v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u00ecnh n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/em>&nbsp;ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nghe l\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1ecb n\u00e0y (1) \u0111\u00e3 vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, (2) thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m,(3) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, (4) kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n minh kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, (5) hay l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u1eddi th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed5n Sinh Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[8]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng vinh quang c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00ecn v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft hoan h\u1ef7,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0y t\u1ecf k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m tu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 khi u\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi cam l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ecf l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi l\u00f2ng hoan h\u1ef7 trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 khi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u1eafng nghe<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. T\u1eeb b\u1ecf ba khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a<br>b. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u00e1u t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. T\u1eeb b\u1ecf ba khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ba khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m sau: (1) b\u1ecb \u00fap ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, hay l\u00e0 (2) d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng, nh\u01b0ng d\u01a1 b\u1ea9n; ho\u1eb7c (3) d\u00f9 s\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u01b0a r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y do c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean th\u00ec m\u01b0a c\u0169ng: (1) kh\u00f4ng l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong th\u00f9ng; [23] hay l\u00e0, (2) l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v.v\u2026 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t d\u01a1; ho\u1eb7c (3) kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t d\u01a1, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec b\u1ecb ch\u1ea3y ra ngo\u00e0i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch cao qu\u00fd trong khi l\u1eafng nghe l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb (10) kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa t\u00e2m; hay (2) d\u00f9 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 nghe hay nghe v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 x\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 tham ch\u1ea5p; ho\u1eb7c (3) d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng l\u00fac nghe m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 phai m\u1edd \u0111i v\u00ec l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n trong ba c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb sau: \u201cL\u1eafng nghe ch\u00fa t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb trong t\u00e2m!\u201d[9]&nbsp;Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ecba&nbsp;<\/em>c\u00f3 n\u00f3i[10], l\u1eafng nghe khi m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1, duy tr\u00ec nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m, ch\u00fa \u00fd, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b.&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean 6 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1.&nbsp;<em>H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n<\/em>. T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean trong&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Bodhisattva-cary\u0101vat\u0101ra<\/em>)<em>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<strong>[11]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i theo l\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngay c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh do l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, tham \u0111\u1eafm v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 sanh ra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean n\u00f3i, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o nh\u01b0 tham \u0111\u1eafm \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, kh\u00f3 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eadm s\u00e2u. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ga-ma-pa (ka-ma-ba) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f3 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a tam \u0111\u1ed9c [tham, s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si], c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111au kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2.&nbsp;<em>H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c<\/em>. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y h\u01a1i hay r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ecfi. Sau khi tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng hoan h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i, h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ea7m h\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ea7m th\u1ea7y truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p [24]. Khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra th\u1ea7y, h\u00e3y k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o. Khi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, kinh<em>&nbsp;B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a T\u1ed5ng L\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1t Thi\u00ean K\u1ec7<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>\u0100rya-praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101-ratnagu\u1e47a-sa\u00f1caya-g\u0101th\u0101<\/em>}n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[12]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7 \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00fd ch\u00ed m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u2013 s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch ki\u00eau m\u1ea1ng. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3.&nbsp;<em>H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m<\/em>. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng coi tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m do th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c k\u00ea toa, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ph\u1ea3i xem nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn th\u1ea7y trao l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, lu\u00f4n c\u1ed1 gi\u1eef v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m th\u00ec gi\u1edd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t nh\u01b0 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4.&nbsp;<em>H\u00e3y suy ngh\u0129 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh<\/em>. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c theo toa k\u00ea c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c. N\u00ean h\u1ecd u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a \u0111i nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o nh\u01b0 tham \u0111\u1eafm m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y. \u0110\u1eebng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a l\u00ean th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t hay hai li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec h\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh phong c\u00f9i \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft tay v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t hay hai l\u1ea7n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi c\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1edbi tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t to\u00e0n c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tinh t\u1ea5n mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0 Candragomin {Nguy\u1ec7t Quan} trong&nbsp;<em>Tuy\u00ean Nh\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>De\u015ban\u0101-stava<\/em>)n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[13]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ta lu\u00f4n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i<br>B\u1edfi do m\u00ecnh \u0111au b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh h\u1ee7i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u?<br>M\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n tay, thu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i \u00edt d\u00f9ng? [25]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u00fd ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp theo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 l\u1eddi l\u1ebd, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111em nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a tan \u0111i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft nghe m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 mua thu\u1ed1c theo toa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh:<strong>[14]<\/strong><\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, to\u00e0n th\u00e2n \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng b\u1edbt t\u1ea1m th\u00ec<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do m\u00e3n t\u00ednh, b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec1u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecd t\u1ea7m th\u1ea7y t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u th\u1ea7y, v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u00eam m\u00e3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y th\u1ea7y th\u1eadt m\u00e1t tay<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m t\u1eeb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i d\u1ecbu n\u00f3i: \u201cthu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e2y h\u00e3y u\u1ed1ng\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1eefa d\u1ee9t c\u0103n nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i do th\u1ea7y ch\u1eefa,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e2u l\u1ea7m t\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c thang<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadt l\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1eady khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t gia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 tu h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn khi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao ta \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu \u0111i tinh t\u1ea5n tu thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t hay n\u00e0y<br>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 nghe, v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u00fang,<br>Ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh gi\u1eef tr\u00ean tay g\u00f3i thu\u1ed1c<br>B\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh kia ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ch\u1eefa d\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0, T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean trong&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn:<strong>[15]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn;<br>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c chi \u0111\u00e2u khi ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i lan man?<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kia c\u00f3 thuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3m ch\u00fat n\u00e0o?<br>Khi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea1ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac\u201d trong m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cH\u00e3y xem th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc; \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft xuy\u00ean qua h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf cho n\u00ean, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u1eefu di\u1ec7u\u0111em \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. [26] Trong \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, theo&nbsp;<em>Thi K\u1ec7 L\u1eafng Nghe:<strong>[16]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nghe gi\u1ea3ng th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf m\u00ecnh theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec v\u00ec th\u1ebf v\u1eabn b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf nh\u1ea1o khinh khi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng g\u00ec xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabu khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nghe gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf m\u00ecnh trong gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec v\u00ec th\u1ebf v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, x\u01b0ng t\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 nghe th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t lu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ai v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nghe gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf thu\u1eadn theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec v\u00ec th\u1ebf b\u1ecb ch\u00ea b\u1ecf v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 hai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ai v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 nghe di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf m\u00ecnh theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh, x\u01b0ng t\u00e1n tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u1eadt l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t m\u1ef9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam n\u1eefa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f9 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u kinh do nghe<br>V\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<br>Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghe kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng chi<br>N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai hoan h\u1ef7 v\u1edbi l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y t\u1eeb t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<br>V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea9u c\u00f9ng th\u00e2n<br>Ai nh\u1eabn nh\u1ecbn, vui c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<br>R\u1ed3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n trong l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Th\u00e2m T\u00e2m C\u1ea3nh T\u1ec9nh Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Adhy\u0101\u015baya-sa\u1e43codana-s\u016btra<\/em>)c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[17]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu kh\u00f4n ngoan s\u1ebd \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn trong gi\u1edd t\u1eed bi\u1ec7t<br>B\u1ea3o: \u201cTu h\u00e0nh t\u00f4i y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m. Gi\u1edd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao?\u201d<br>Kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u xa, n\u00ean g\u1eb7p mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n \u0111au kh\u1ed5<br>\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m khi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft su\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Th\u00eam n\u1eefa:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u1ed5 tr\u00ean v\u1ecf m\u00eda c\u00e2y<br>V\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt th\u01a1m l\u00e0nh t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong ru\u1ed9t<br>N\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean \u0103n v\u1ecf<br>S\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft m\u1eadt m\u00eda ngon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i v\u1ecf<br>V\u1ecb ngon l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u xa<br>N\u00ean h\u00e3y b\u1ecf \u0111i v\u0103n v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i<br>Lu\u00f4n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 suy l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e2m \u00fd. [27]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>5. Ngh\u0129 Nh\u01b0 Lai nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eadcxu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang<\/em>. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lu\u00f4n nh\u1edb ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u01b0 Lai [\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt], ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00ean gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">6.&nbsp;<em>U\u1edbc mong gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.&nbsp;<\/em>H\u00e3y ngh\u0129: \u201cT\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tu h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i!\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i hay l\u1eafng nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m ta v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch xa th\u00ec cho d\u00f9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ee5n v\u1eb7t th\u00f4i. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, h\u00e3y nghe trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u00f4n trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft d\u01a1, b\u1ee5i, hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec, tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea9y \u0111i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi nghe nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u sai qu\u1ea5y v\u00e0 tham \u0111\u1eafm {ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7} xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p V\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch x\u00f3a b\u1ecf l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp trong gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.&nbsp;<em>Kinh B\u1ed5n Sanh:<strong>[18]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m m\u00ecnh c\u00f3<br>R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<br>T\u00f4i mang c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc ng\u1eadp tr\u00e0n<br>V\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi l\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y Saudana \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Sutasoma ban d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. Ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Saudana \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra Saudana s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nghe ph\u00e1p n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ban cho l\u1eddi thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tinh th\u1ea7n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, h\u00e3y ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, con s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh ph\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, Con ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 {nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9}; n\u00ean con ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn con ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, con s\u1ebd l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y nh\u1edb k\u1ef9 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a l\u1eafng nghe. Xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf \u0111i l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 v.v\u2026v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 l\u00f2ng hoan h\u1ef7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m sao qua \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng cao qu\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p<br>2. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<br>3. Gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed n\u00e0o?<br>4. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p [28]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gian nh\u01b0: l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, danh d\u1ef1, danh ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Th\u00e2m T\u00e2m C\u1ea3nh T\u1ec9nh Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[19]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y Di-l\u1eb7c, c\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed ph\u00e1p n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1eb7ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn hay danh d\u1ef1. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 ra nh\u01b0 sau. th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (1) tr\u00ed nh\u1edb; (2) tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh; (3) hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft;(4) an \u0111\u1ecbnh; (5) tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7; (6) tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t; (7) \u00edt tham {thi\u1ec3u d\u1ee5c}; (8) \u00edt s\u00e2n {thi\u1ec3u s\u00e2n}; v\u00e0 (9) \u00edt si {thi\u1ec3u si}. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi (10) ma qu\u1ef7 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh; (11) Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n s\u1ebd coi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed qu\u00fd b\u00e1u; (12) C\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7; (13) c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1c Th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ban cho uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c; (14) k\u1ebb th\u00f9 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh; (15) b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu s\u1ebd gi\u1eef l\u00f2ng chung th\u1ee7y; (16) l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng; (17) s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i; (18) c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m vui tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y; (19) c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cao minh t\u00e1n th\u00e1n; v\u00e0 (20) m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a con tim nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c kinh t\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi b\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u00ean: \u201cc\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d m\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean trong&nbsp;<em>T\u1eadp B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>\u015aik\u1e63\u0101samuccaya<\/em>)l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tin\u201d v\u00e0 trong kinh s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 h\u01a1n \u201cC\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y tinh t\u1ea5n\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh Th\u1ea7y&nbsp;<\/strong>(<strong>\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca-m\u00e2u-ni<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Nh\u01b0 Lai thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-M\u1eadt-\u0111a&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101<\/em>)Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u00f2a ng\u1ef1.[20]&nbsp;[29] T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, n\u00ean khi ng\u01b0\u01a1i gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c gi\u00e1p ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y [\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca-m\u00e2u-ni], lu\u00f4n t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cao qu\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n suy t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/em>, ph\u00e1t huy n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong&nbsp;<em>H\u1ea3i Hu\u1ec7 V\u1ea5n Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>\u015a\u0101garamati-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>)<em>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;<\/em>h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c men, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5ng to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mong gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u00e0i l\u00e2u.[21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vun \u0111\u1eafp t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng v\u00e2n t\u1eadp nghe ph\u00e1p. B\u1ecf \u0111i l\u00f2ng \u00edch k\u1ef7 mu\u1ed1n h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi; s\u1ef1 l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i; s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi do s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n; t\u1ef1 ca t\u1ee5ng m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u00eau l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi; h\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p; v\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n hay \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m: \u201cPh\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho con v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 an l\u1ea1c cho m\u00ecnh\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed,<\/em>&nbsp;h\u00e3y t\u1eafm r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh. R\u1ed3i thay \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n s\u1ea1ch, ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean t\u00f2a gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ecda c\u1ee5 \u1edf n\u01a1i s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p. Trong&nbsp;<em>H\u1ea3i Hu\u1ec7 V\u1ea5n Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng ch\u01a1n ng\u00f4n {M\u1eadt ch\u00fa} \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb ma qu\u1ef7,[22]&nbsp;th\u00ec qu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ef7 trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m l\u00fd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng ch\u01a1n ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i th\u00ec, v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t ng\u1eddi s\u00e1ng, gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i, d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng th\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c minh \u00fd ngh\u0129a.&nbsp;<em>Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa&nbsp;<\/em>c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:&nbsp;[23]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c lu\u00f4n cho, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ecb k\u1ef7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1eddi d\u1ea1y d\u1ecbu m\u1ec1m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a \u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c kia c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1n ho\u00e0i l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c b\u1ecf h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u00e1c c\u1ea3m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 lu\u00f4n vun t\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung quanh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f9ng tri\u1ec7u tri\u1ec7u th\u00ed d\u1ee5, thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mang ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7 t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t g\u1ee3n nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o tham v\u1ecdng th\u1ebf gian<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng- th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u1ec1m, c\u1ee9ng hay n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1eb3ng y ph\u1ee5c, gi\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfu hay y \u00e1o,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hay l\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 thu\u1ed1c men \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i g\u00ec t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn nghe<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 lu\u00f4n t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m: \u201cXin cho con<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNh\u1eefng g\u00ec con chia s\u1ebb v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ni\u1ec1m an l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang con\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3ng; nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Kinh Gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Vynaya-s\u016btra<\/em>)c\u1ee7a Gu\u1e47abhadr\u0101 {\u0110\u1ee9c Quang} c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp,[24]&nbsp;\u201cKh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\u201d. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe c\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y,&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>c\u00f3 n\u00eau:[25]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xin h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n th\u00e2m s\u00e2u\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i n\u00f3i: \u2018B\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao si\u00eau nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p do ch\u1ec9 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 sau khi xem x\u00e9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe l\u00e0 kh\u1ebf h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i ngay d\u00f9 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, trong&nbsp;<em>Gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c Quang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi \u0111\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i; khi ng\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang n\u1eb1m; khi ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf cao. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 gh\u1ebf t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u. \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong khi m\u00ecnh b\u01b0\u1edbc sau. \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong khi m\u00ecnh \u0111i \u1edf b\u00ean l\u1ec1. [31] \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi che \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1o tr\u00ean hay v\u00e1y d\u01b0\u1edbi x\u1eafn l\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1o tr\u00ean x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean vai , hay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hai tay ch\u00e9o v\u1edbi b\u00e0n tay \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean vai, hay hai b\u00e0n tay \u0111an sau c\u1ed5. \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1eaft n\u00fat tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169, mang v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u1ea5n v\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang c\u01b0\u1ee1i voi hay ng\u1ef1a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean ghe ki\u1ec7u hay xe k\u00e9o, hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang mang gi\u00e0y hay mang b\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m c\u00e2y g\u1eady, c\u00e1i d\u00f9, c\u00e1i gi\u00e1o, c\u00e2y ki\u1ebfm, hay nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c \u00e1o gi\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111au y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng trong li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n tha thi\u1ebft h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9ct\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3ct\u1eeb gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu[27].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nghe ph\u00e1p theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd x\u00f3a tan \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch t\u1ea1o v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef trong t\u00e2m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 v\u00e0 v.v\u2026Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng c\u00e1c t\u00edch l\u0169y m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb gi\u1eef trong t\u00e2m c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nghe v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb<strong>.<\/strong>N\u00f3i chung, sau khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cao minh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ea5n; n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, c\u00e1c guru {thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o s\u01b0} \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cao qu\u00fd. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3, cho d\u00f9 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i s\u00e2u xa \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p uy\u00ean th\u00e2m n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u00edch bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ma qu\u1ef7. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e0m l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t theo th\u00e1ng \u00e2m l\u1ecbch th\u00ec l\u1ed7i kia k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m\u201d. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, ai ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh h\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp theo c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y m\u1ed7i khi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec. [32] \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 d\u00f4ng d\u00e0i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng. H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang s\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c. T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/2013\/07\/09\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/12\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-4\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA71&nbsp;<em>Ud\u0101na-varga,&nbsp;<\/em>Bernhard 1965 (Ud):22.6.22.3-5;P992:97.2.1-3 Thi k\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 L\u1eafng nghel\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 22 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA72&nbsp;<em>J\u0101takam\u0101l\u0101<\/em>, Vaidya 1959a (Jm):31.31-34ab, 31.38cd; P5650:56.5-57.1.2, 57.1.5-6. Theo P. t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>J\u0101takam\u0101l\u0101<\/em><em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 \u0100rya\u015b\u016bra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Th\u00e1nh D\u0169ng<\/em>}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]<em>Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n&nbsp;<\/em>c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>bi\u1ec7t hu\u1ea5n<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA73&nbsp;<em>Yog\u0101-cary\u0101-bh\u016bmau-bodhisattva-bh\u016bmi&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Du-gi\u00e0 H\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn<\/em>}<em>,&nbsp;<\/em>Duit 1966 (Bbh):165;P5538:190.1.6-190.2.2. The&nbsp;<em>Bodhisattva-bhumi&nbsp;<\/em>l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n 15 trong<em>Yoga-carya-bhumi&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>C\u1ea5p b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng Du-gi\u00e0<\/em>)<em>&nbsp;\u2013<\/em>&nbsp;theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]<em>\u0110\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hay tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef&nbsp;<em>thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cmeditatative serenity\u201d v\u1edbi danh t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 serenity v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb b\u1ed5 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 meditative nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]BA74&nbsp;<em>Da\u015ba-cakra-k\u1e63itigarbha-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>, {<em>\u0110\u1ecba T\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadp Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh<\/em>} P905:96.3.6-7.&nbsp;<em>K\u1e63itigarbha&nbsp;<\/em>(\u0110\u1ecba T\u1ea1ng) l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]BA75 Bbh: 73, 165; P5538: 158.4.4-158.5.2-8. Ph\u1ea7n b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 n\u0103m \u0111\u00ec\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng mang trong t\u00e2m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]BA76 Jm: 31.69-70; P5650:58.2.6-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]BA77 L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-suvikkr\u0101nta-vikrami-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101-nirde\u015ba&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Suvikkr\u0101nta V\u1ea5n Kinh<\/em>)<em>,<\/em>trong b\u1ed9 kinh&nbsp;<em>Mah\u0101y\u0101na-s\u016btra-sa\u1e43graha&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/em>)(Vaidya 1964: 3), kinh&nbsp;<em>S\u0101garamati-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-s\u016btra&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>H\u1ea3i Long V\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ea5n Kinh<\/em>)(P819:91.2.8-91.3.1) v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Da\u015ba-cakra-k\u1e63itigarbha-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>\u0110\u1ecba T\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadp Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh<\/em>}(P905:47.4.7-8,53.2.4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]BA78 Bhb: 74; P5538: 158.5.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA79&nbsp;<em>Bodhisattva-cary\u0101vat\u0101ra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a T\u1ecbch thi\u00ean}<em>,&nbsp;<\/em>Bhattacharya 1960 (BCA): 2.54.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]BA80 Conze 1973:22.1; P735: 192.2.3-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA81&nbsp;<em>De\u015ban\u0101-stava<\/em>, P2048:98.3.8-98.4.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]BA82 SR:9.43-46,4.24;P795:284.2.1-4,278.3.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]BA83 BCA: 5.109.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA84 Ud:22.7-10,22.18-19;P992:97.2.3-6,97.3.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]BA85 Kinh&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-adhy\u0101\u015baya-sa\u1e43codana-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Th\u00e2m T\u00e2m C\u1ea3nh T\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh<\/em>}l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 25 c\u1ee7a kinh&nbsp;<em>Ratnak\u016b\u1e6da&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>B\u1ea3o T\u00edch Kinh<\/em>)Ti\u1ebfng Skt. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y trong Vaidya 1960b:63;p760:60.1.6-7; 60.1.8-60.2.1; 60.2.6-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]BA86 Jm: 31.68-70; P5650: 58.2.4-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]BA87 Vaidya 1960b: 187; P760.25:55.4.6-55.5.3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]BA88 Conze 1990:38ff.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]BA89&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-\u015b\u0101garamati-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>. {<em>H\u1ea3i Hu\u1ec7 V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh<\/em>} P819:92.1.1-2. Ti\u1ebfng Skt. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong Vaidya 1960b: 190. C\u00e1c \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch nghe ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7: \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nghi\u00eam t\u00fac x\u00f3a tan b\u1ec7nh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ri\u00eang cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1ef1 suy nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]BA90 Ch\u01a1n ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm trong Vaidya 1960b: 190; P819: 92.1.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]BA91 SP: 13.30, 13.32-35; Vaidya 1960a: 189; P781: 50.5.8-51.1.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]BA92&nbsp;<em>Vinaya-s\u016btra<\/em>, P5619:222.3.7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]BA93 SR:24.44-46. \u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n trong trang 795: 308.4.8-308.5.2 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch Ng\u00e0i T\u00f4ng-kh\u00e1ch-ba tr\u00edch d\u1eabn. C\u00e1ch tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 19 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>\u015aiks\u0101-samuccaya<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>T\u1eadp B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadn<\/em>}, Vaidya 1960b: 189; P5336: 270.3.6-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]BA94&nbsp;<em>Vinaya-s\u016btra<\/em>, P5619:218.3.3-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]Theo \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama th\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong ta (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi-\u0111\u1ecbnh-tu\u1ec7) v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1ecb tha).&nbsp;<em>Shantideva\u2019s Guide to a Bodhisattva\u2019s Way of Life<\/em>. Dalai Lama. MP3. Day 3. 2010. Truy c\u1eadp: 07\/06\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.dalailama.com\/webcasts\/post\/94-shantidevas-guide-to-a-bodhisattvas-way-of-life>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4:&nbsp;N\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ef1a V\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">IV. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn d\u1eaft tu sinh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<br>A. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y {\u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0}, c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br>b. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a tu sinh khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y<br>c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y.<br>b) \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, t\u1ea1o ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u01a1.<br>c) Nh\u1edb l\u00f2ng t\u1eed t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng Th\u1ea7y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2) N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">d. C\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y<br>e. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m khi kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y<br>f. T\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">********************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>IV. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1eabn d\u1eaft tu sinh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4-6)<br>2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m sau khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng sau)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y, c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4)<br>2. Bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb l\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i thi\u1ec1n (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5-6)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>T\u00e2m L\u01b0u K\u00fd<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Nh\u1eefng \u0110i\u1ec1u C\u1ea7n Ghi T\u00e2m<\/em>} (<em>H\u1e5bdaya-nik\u1e63epa-n\u0101ma<\/em>) c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng:[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai tr\u1ee5 v\u1eefng trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<br>L\u00e0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf D\u00f6l-wa\u2019s (Dol-ba) trong&nbsp;<em>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00fa Gi\u1ea3 C\u1ee7a Bo-do-wa<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Po To Ba\u2019i gsung sgros<\/em>) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u201c\u0110\u1eebng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1ed1t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t \u0111i m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m trong t\u00e2m v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb t\u1eeb s\u1ebd th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Do v\u1eady, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/em>(<em>Bodhisattva-pi\u1e6daka<\/em>) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:[2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i t\u00f3m t\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t h\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba[3], c\u00e1c t\u00ednh tr\u00ec nh\u1eabn, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c tri ki\u1ebfn si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi nh\u1edb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 nghe, c\u00e1c h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00e1c nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u, t\u1ef1 tin trong n\u00f3i n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o duy\u00ean b\u1edfi v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i r\u1ec5 m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh. [34]. \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bo-do-wa c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. Quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang t\u1ed1t khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, l\u00e0m sao ta th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn, khi m\u00ecnh m\u1edbi v\u1eeba t\u00e1i sanh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed5 \u0111au?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, trong c\u00e1c kinh v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u00f9y ri\u00eang m\u1ed7i truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 sau \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qu\u00fd v\u1ecb qua c\u00e1c giai t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 {v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y} h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c v\u1ecb theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecm ra Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh. V\u1edbi t\u00f4n k\u00ednh n\u00e0y, Ph\u1eadt Di-l\u1eb7c trong&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh Trang Nghi\u00eam Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btrala\u1e43k\u0101ra<\/em>):[4]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh, b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh l\u1eb7ng;<br>C\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed; n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng; c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o<br>\u0110\u1ea7y t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m; c\u00f3 tri ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu nhu\u1ec7 kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u00e0i Di-l\u1eb7c d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t guru khi mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd tu\u00e2n theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt? Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u00edch chi khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m xong m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e9p t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt theo nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y chung c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng {t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt}. Ba c\u00e1ch hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee9c Di-l\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang v\u1edbi ba nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef n\u00e0y: \u201cgi\u1eef gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh, b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh l\u1eb7ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Di-l\u1eb7c n\u00f3i: \u201cgi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.&nbsp;<em>Bi\u1ec7t Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Gi\u1edbi B\u1ed5n T\u1ef3-kheo Kinh<\/em>}(<em>Pr\u0101timok\u1e63a-s\u016btra<\/em>) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[5] [35]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<br>L\u00e0 d\u00e2y c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng \u0111inh nh\u1ecdn<br>V\u1edbi tinh t\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd v\u1eeba v\u1eb7n<br>Cho t\u00e2m ng\u1ef1a ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ecb c\u1ed9t r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Vinaya-vibha\u1e45ga<\/em>) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:[6]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed9t nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0m \u00fd \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u1ef1a hoang, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea9y ta \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. Th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0i thu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c ng\u1ef1a hoang b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2y c\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u0169ng v\u1eady h\u1ecdc h\u1ea1nh gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ea5n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ea7n h\u00f3a t\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c con ng\u1ef1a hoang d\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u0110\u1ecbnh\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf {kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc hay ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n}. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n t\u00e2m {ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m} v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c[7] v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, xa l\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cHo\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh l\u1eb7ng\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t {qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t} \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i trong s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf n\u00ean ho\u1ea1t d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cao c\u1ee7a tri ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m qua ba c\u00e1ch hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tu h\u1ecdc kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf: \u201chi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c v\u1ec1 Tam T\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n {g\u1ed3m Gi\u1edbi, Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn} v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Geshe[8] Drom-d\u00f6n-ba (dGe-bshes [\u2018Brom]-ston-pa n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng khi \u201cc\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba\u201d gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u xa. Khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u00edch v\u00e0o l\u00fac gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p suy y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cKi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 \u2013 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng {ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3}. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i; nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i qua kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cao trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tri ki\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng hay th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, thay v\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n.&nbsp;<em>Ph\u1ea9m \u00c2n Hu\u1ec7<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Mitra-varga<\/em>) \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[9]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy \u0111\u1ed3i b\u1edfi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ai y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m;<br>Gi\u1eef nh\u01b0 c\u0169 n\u1ebfu t\u00f9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9;<br>D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n, h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang [36]<br>Th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u00e3y n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o k\u1ebb gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o k\u1ebb gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n<br>\u2013 Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u00ecnh l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef tr\u00f2n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh<br>C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pu-chung-wa (Phu-chung-ba) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cKhi nghe nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i ba, t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo h\u1ecd\u201d. Tha-shi (mTha\u2019-bzihi) \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y \u201cT\u00f4i b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o c\u1ee7a t\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n Ra-dreng (Ra-sgreng)\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng hay v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00e1u ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u2013 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh {tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi}, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh l\u1eb7ng, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng do nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u2013 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p thu cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u2013 g\u1ed3m tinh t\u1ea5n, c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u00e1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed \u2013 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m lo cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y:[10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3,<br>Kh\u00f4ng x\u00f3a \u0111au kh\u1ed5 ch\u00fang sinh b\u1edfi \u0111\u00f4i tay<br>C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng chuy\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br>H\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t b\u1edfi truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y ch\u00e2n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o h\u1ebft \u2013 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3\u201d \u2013 m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u0103m lo ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m lo cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c: \u201ck\u1ef9 n\u0103ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed\u201d bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng tinh th\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft. \u201cC\u00f3 l\u00f2ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u00e1i\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c thanh t\u1ecbnh cho vi\u1ec7c trao truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch, k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 v.v\u2026. Bo-do-wa n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Jen-nga-wa (sPyan-snga-ba): \u201cN\u00e0y con trai c\u1ee7a Li-mo, d\u00f9 ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd vui h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u00e1m \u01a1n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3\u201d. M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u201cTinh t\u1ea5n\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng v\u00ec ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u201cKh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u2013 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5 nh\u1ecdc khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bo-do-wa \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y: l\u00f2ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u00e1i, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 ba s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1ebft. Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i Sahng-tsun (Zhang-btsun) kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 uy\u00ean th\u00e2m v\u1ec1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh xu\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, th\u1ea7y ngay c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1m \u01a1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u0103m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t kia, th\u1ea7y th\u1eadt l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1. [37] Nyen-don (gNyan-ston) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ch\u00fat n\u00e0o trong khoa \u0103n n\u00f3i. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 \u201cKh\u00f4ng ai trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i g\u00ec\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng, v\u00ec c\u00f3 n\u0103m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean, n\u00ean th\u1ea7y th\u1eadt h\u1eefu \u00edch gi\u00fap t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng khi g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ai th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng hay gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ean, trong khi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tinh t\u1ea5n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y. Lo\u1ea1i ca ng\u1ee3i v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u0103ng h\u00e1i t\u00ecm tr\u1ea7m h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m k\u1ebf sinh nhai ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u00d4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng?\u201d v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:[11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 sau s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u<br>Nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n<br>M\u00e0 lu\u00f4n n\u00f3i \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3\u201d<br>H\u1ecd ca t\u1ee5ng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<br>Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng tinh t\u1ea5n<br>T\u1ef1 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi cho m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t,&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ecbnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<br>Ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea7m<br>N\u00f3i \u201cTr\u1ea7m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y:<br>\u0110\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00eam d\u1ecbu\u201d.<br>R\u1ed3i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c H\u1ecfi<em>:<br><\/em>\u201cB\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat tr\u1ea7m<br>\u0110\u00e3 ng\u1ee3i ca \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a?\u201d<br>Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<br>N\u00e9n h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i ca ng\u1ee3i<br>\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng sinh s\u1ed1ng<br>C\u0169ng v\u1eady, c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u<br>Nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<br>S\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ca t\u1ee5ng gi\u1edbi<br>Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kinh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf cho ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t: \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 gi\u00fap qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n s\u00e2u xa nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1ea7y mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ebfm tr\u00f2 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>H\u1ecfi:<\/em>&nbsp;[38] B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 suy tho\u00e1i {th\u1eddi m\u1ea1t ph\u00e1p}, n\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p n\u00e0y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;<em>M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ed3ng T\u1eed V\u1ea5n<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Sub\u0101hu-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-tantra<\/em>) tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng:[12]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 c\u1ed7 xe ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh<br>S\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u0103n b\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u1ef1a.<br>C\u0169ng th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ai tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<br>Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh, tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t, thanh t\u1ecbnh l\u1edbn lao<br>C\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 nghi\u00eang m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<br>H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ef1 tin, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam gi\u1eef m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1c quan.<br>H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i n\u0103ng d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng, r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb bi,<br>ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<br>Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0 la m\u00f4n.<br>H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung, tinh th\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n,<br>C\u00f3 t\u00edn t\u00e2m v\u00e0o Tam B\u1ea3o.<br>B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<br>R\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm hoi trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u00e0y,<br>N\u00ean h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3<br>M\u1ed9t n\u1eeda, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0, hay ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1m nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh n\u00e0y to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1m. Theo c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a D\u00f6l-wa trong&nbsp;<em>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00fa Gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Potowa<\/em>&nbsp;th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o [<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>] n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:&nbsp;<em>\u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 cung k\u00ednh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0\u201d<\/em>. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, trong k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec d\u1ec5 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e1nh Thi\u00ean x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch K\u1ec7 Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Catu\u1e25-\u015bataka<\/em>)<em>:<strong>[13]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1i, th\u00f4ng minh, v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u1eafng nghe t\u1eeb gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e1nh Thi\u00ean {skt. \u0101ryadeva} d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 nghe ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m n\u00e0o. Trong lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng[14] {skt. candrak\u012brti} c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe \u2013 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 thanh t\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t. [39] Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd xem l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ea1y th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, c\u0169ng th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y: \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo phe nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i do thi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. V\u00ec b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p. Nh\u01b0 Thanh Bi\u1ec7n {skt. bh\u0101vaviveka} x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong&nbsp;<em>Trung \u0110\u1ea1o T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Madhyamaka-h\u1e5bdaya<\/em>)<em>:<\/em>&nbsp;<em><strong>[15]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec theo phe nh\u00f3m m\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd ta th\u1ea5y b\u00ecnh an.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cTheo phe nh\u00f3m\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111em t\u00e2m tham ch\u1ea5p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u00f9 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb trong ch\u00ednh t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf n\u00f3 \u0111i, nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Gi\u1edbi Kinh<\/em>(<em>Bodhisattva-pr\u0101timok\u1e63a<\/em>):[16]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, h\u00e3y k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef v\u0103n c\u00fa c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>H\u1ecfi:<\/em>&nbsp;Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;D\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t\u201d, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i hay v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3ng sai l\u1ea1c, th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1ecf \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec mang l\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>H\u1ecfi:<\/em>&nbsp;C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hai ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;D\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u01b0a th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[17] \u201cSau khi th\u00eam ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 v\u00e0o v\u1edbi hai ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i th\u00ec, n\u0103m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00f2n b\u1ed1n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng lu\u00f4n tinh t\u1ea5n l\u00fac theo h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) T\u1eadp trung cao \u0111\u1ed9 khi nghe gi\u1ea3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) K\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(4) Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 theo phe n\u00e0y, phe n\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u1ee9ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi th\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u01b0a; [40] n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, h\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp hoan h\u1ef7. N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea7u thai \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n c\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 xem v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng. R\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y t\u1eeb v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba v\u00e0 Sung-pu-wa (gSung-phu-ba) l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nhau v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Sung-pu-wa c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u Guru v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Kham (Khams), th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eafng nghe t\u1eeb ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u1ecdc theo h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y cho c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1eddi \u201c\u0110\u1eebng n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai l\u1ee3i \u00edch\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i guru \u2013 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u0103m v\u1ecb. Bo-do-wa v\u00e0 Gom-pa-rin-chen, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hai guru, b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch hay h\u01a1n. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba l\u00e0 hay h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i luy\u1ec7n n\u00ean v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ni\u1ec1m tin. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd n\u00f3i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean c\u00f3 v\u00e0i v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y hay, th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qu\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>C\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a trong t\u01b0 duy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y trong t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong ba ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>M\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y<\/li><li>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1t t\u1ee7y l\u00e0 tu luy\u1ec7n ni\u1ec1m tin<\/li><li>Lu\u00f4n ghi kh\u1eafc trong l\u00f2ng s\u1ef1 t\u1eed t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>M\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kinh&nbsp;<em>Ga\u1e47\u1e0da-vy\u016bha<strong>[18]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u1ea7y v\u1edbi ch\u00edn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i th\u00ec c\u00f2n b\u1ed1n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 sau: [41]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1)&nbsp;<em>Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ecf \u0111i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. \u0110\u1ee9a con c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 \u00fd m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t cha m\u1eb9, tu\u00e2n theo \u00fd cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec cha m\u1eb9 n\u00f3i. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y.&nbsp;<em>Th\u1eadp Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Hi\u1ec7n T\u1ea1i Ph\u1eadt T\u1ea5t T\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec1n L\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecbnh Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Pratyutpanna-buddha-sa\u1e43mukh\u0101vasthita-sam\u0101dhi-s\u016btra<\/em>) \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[19]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t; c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai d\u1eabn d\u1eaft m\u00ecnh \u0111i quanh co.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2)&nbsp;<em>Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn nh\u01b0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t quan h\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc gi\u1eefa th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tr\u00f2, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia c\u1eaft b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai \u2013 nh\u01b0 qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef, b\u1ea1n x\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. C\u0169ng c\u00f9ng trong kinh tr\u00ean c\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:[20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 h\u00e3y t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3)&nbsp;<em>Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ph\u00f3. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Bo-do-wa n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tu s\u0129 c\u1ee7a Jen-nga-wa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p geshe (dge-bshes) \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t,[21] v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y. C\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u th\u1eadt l\u1edbn. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e3y coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0u ti\u00ean, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4)&nbsp;<em>G\u00e1nh v\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m s\u00e1u th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n n\u00fai, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb xao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi Jen-nga-wa \u1edf t\u1ea1i Ruk-ba (Rug-pa), th\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a Gom-ba-yon-den-bar\u2019s (SGom-pa-yon-ten-\u2018bar) y\u1ebfu h\u1eb3n \u0111i v\u00ec c\u01a1n c\u1ea3m n\u1eb7ng. Jen-nga-wa \u0111\u00e3 xin l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda Shon-nu-drak (gZhon-nu-grags) l\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u00ean ra \u0111i kh\u00f4ng. Shon-nu-drak tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cCh\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Indra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u2013 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa r\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00f4m nay l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 nghe gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. V\u00ec th\u1ebf , tr\u00fa l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i con hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang \u1edf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 hai, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb cho c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nao n\u00fang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 [<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>] v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i \u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Tsang n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ed1ng r\u00e3nh v\u00e0 b\u00f9n \u0111\u1ea5t. Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba c\u1edfi h\u1ebft \u00e1o c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y ra v\u00e0 lau s\u1ea1ch nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 d\u01a1.[42] Th\u1ea7y l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft. Th\u1ea7y c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t Ma\u1e47\u1e0dala [b\u1eb1ng s\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t] tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o&nbsp;<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>.[22]. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean\u201d \u1ed2 (Ah-ray!)![23] Th\u1ea7y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 ba, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00e9t d\u1ecdn, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n, v\u00e0 xem m\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. Nh\u01b0 Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 Jen-nga-wa n\u00f3i \u201cKhi th\u1eddi gian gieo tr\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn v\u1ebb xanh m\u01b0\u1edbt l\u1edbn r\u1ed9ng ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao kia hay t\u1eeb n\u01a1i thung l\u0169ng th\u1ea5p n\u00e0y\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gian kh\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 giao ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 con ch\u00f3, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng hay la m\u1eafng gay g\u1eaft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n D\u00f6-lung-ba (sTod-lung-pa) g\u1eb7p Geshe Lha-so (dGe-bshes ihA-bzo), D\u00f6-lung-ba la m\u1eafng kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Lha-so l\u00e0 Nyak-mo-wa (Nyag-mo-ba) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cV\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 n\u00e0y gh\u00e9t qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, c\u1ea3 th\u1ea7y l\u1eabn tr\u00f2!\u201d Geshe Lha-so \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u201cNg\u01b0\u01a1i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng qu\u1edf m\u1eafng ta gay g\u1eaft? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ta, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Heruka[24] ban \u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed7i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c la r\u1ea7y\u201d. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Thi\u00ean T\u1ee5ng B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a Kinh<\/em>(<em>A\u1e63\u1e6da-s\u0101hasrik\u0101<\/em>) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[25]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 coi th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfm x\u1ec9a \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 chi. H\u00e3y c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc ph\u00e0, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi do nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec guru, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, luy\u1ec7n ni\u1ec1m tin, l\u00e0 c\u0103n r\u1ec5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3o Quang Minh Ch\u00e2n Ng\u00f4n<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Ratnolka-dharani<\/em>) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:[26]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t<br>L\u00e0 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eb9<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ta v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec1m tin.<br>X\u00f3a tan \u0111i m\u1ecdi nghi ng\u1edd, tr\u00e1nh xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng [v\u00f4 minh, si m\u00ea, tham nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn],<br>V\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n m\u1ef9.<br>Ni\u1ec1m tin x\u00f3a b\u1ecf \u01b0u phi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u00e2m trong s\u00e1ng.[43]<br>Ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ki\u00eau c\u0103ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00ednh.<br>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm<br>Nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n tay, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00edch t\u1ee5 ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1n<br>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0a ta v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Da\u015ba-dharmaka-s\u016btra<\/em>) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:[27]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc xe t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t,<br>Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0a ta v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<br>Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f4ng minh<br>T\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a ni\u1ec1m tin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<br>Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin<br>Nh\u01b0 m\u1ea7m xanh ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd n\u1edf<br>T\u1eeb h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y x\u00e9m \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ea5t \u0111i l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3, ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba n\u00f3i v\u1edbi&nbsp;<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>: \u201c\u1ede T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb \u0111ang tu thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ai \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t\u201d. V\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c anh xem \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4i. L\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u00e2y?\u201d L\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng h\u1ecfi Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o: \u201c<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>, xin Ng\u00e0i vui l\u00f2ng cho ch\u00fang con l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y b\u1ea3o\u201d, Ng\u00e0i c\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. \u201cHa, ha. Th\u00ednh gi\u00e1c t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin, ni\u1ec1m tin, ni\u1ec1m tin!\u201d Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, ni\u1ec1m tin c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u2013 tin v\u00e0o Tam B\u1ea3o, tin v\u00e0o nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, tin v\u00e0o T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. Trong n\u1ed9i dung v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u00ean ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, trong&nbsp;<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Vajrap\u0101\u1e47i-abhi\u1e63eka-mah\u0101-tantra<\/em>) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp: [28]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i h\u1ecfi, b\u1ea1ch M\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p V\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u00ean ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y,<br>H\u1ecd s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n tu t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<br>H\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt<br>V\u00e0 mang l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 guru nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 v\u1ecb T\u00f4n S\u01b0 n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u0103n v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4i. [44] T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n g\u00e1c qua m\u1ed9t b\u00ean quan ni\u1ec7m l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp m\u00ecnh ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch \u1edf tr\u00ean, trong&nbsp;<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n:<strong>[29]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y gi\u1eef trong t\u00e2m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m th\u1ea7y c\u00f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m nh\u1ecf. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 x\u00e9t n\u00e9t nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o duy\u00ean cho th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu tu t\u1eadp ni\u1ec1m tin qua vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i nh\u1ecf hay l\u1edbn, h\u00e3y suy nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t n\u00e9t c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f3. H\u00e3y suy \u0111i ng\u1eabm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a tan \u0111i khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng kia, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0ng x\u00e9t n\u00e9t. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi v\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o hay l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1eadn t\u00e2m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, th\u00ec c\u0169ng h\u00e3y s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m n\u1eefa. M\u1ed9t khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u1eeb phai l\u1ea1t \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u2013 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, h\u1ea1nh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin \u2013 v\u00e0 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y. Khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m nh\u1ecf th\u00f4i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nh\u1eadn ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch, th\u00ec c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u1ea5n \u00e1t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Trung \u0110\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Ser-ling-ba theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u201ct\u1ef1 t\u00ednh li\u1ec7t k\u00ea\u201d Duy Th\u1ee9c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 cao si\u00eau h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Ser-ling-ba {skt. Dharmarak\u1e63ita \u2013 t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a: Ph\u00e1p H\u1ed9}. Nh\u01b0ng&nbsp;<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>&nbsp;v\u1eabn k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng Ser-ling-pa nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh qua m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec&nbsp;<em>Ati\u015ba<\/em>&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng quan c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giai t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba nh\u1edd v\u00e0o v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y. [45]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a guru, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c guru kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb v\u1ecb m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u k\u1ec7, ngay c\u1ea3 khi guru c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt. Trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3o V\u00e2n Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Ratna-megha-s\u016btra<\/em>) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m \u0111i. Hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y cho d\u00f9 v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt, c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c hay kh\u00f4ng, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt hay ph\u1ea1m l\u1ed7i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 khi ng\u01b0\u01a1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 tin v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y, n\u00ean h\u00e3y th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 tin v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u00e3y nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u1ea7y. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00edch l\u0169y {c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c} d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 x\u00f3a tan \u0111i nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o m\u00e0 ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n mang theo. R\u1ed3i th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd an vui v\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7. H\u00e3y t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh phi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf&nbsp;<em>C\u01b0 S\u1ef9 Ugra V\u1ea5n Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>G\u1e5bha-paty-ugra-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>) c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft:[31]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d4 h\u00f4, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ea5n khi th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 v\u1ed1n h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nghe gi\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea9u truy\u1ec1n, hay \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n d\u00f2ng gi\u1ea3ng {t\u1ee9 c\u00fa k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eb3ng} v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c, tinh t\u1ea5n, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, ho\u1eb7c t\u00edch l\u0169y nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o[32]. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i n\u00ean t\u00f4n k\u00ednh th\u1ea7y v\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c Th\u1ea7y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, v\u00e0 th\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng[33] t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1eef, c\u00e2u, v\u00e0 m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 trong nh\u1eefng thi k\u1ec7 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y. Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e2u, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee7 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t khi b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c<\/strong>)<strong>Nh\u1edb ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eed t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[34] [46]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng sau trong vi\u1ec7c k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y. Con \u0111\u00e3 lang thang m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i trong c\u00f5i lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u00ecm con; Con \u0111ang m\u00ea ng\u1ee7, b\u1ecb che m\u1edd b\u1eb1ng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c con d\u1eady; th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 k\u00e9o con l\u00ean t\u1eeb s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec3 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i; Con \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea5u, th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7y thi\u1ec7n \u00fd; th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t con ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i; Con \u0111\u00e3 hao m\u00f2n v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 y s\u0129; th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y t\u1ea1o m\u01b0a gi\u00fap con tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1n l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y v\u00ec tham \u0111\u1eafm v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;vi\u1ebft:[35]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i \u0110\u1ed3ng T\u1eed, th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 con trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi bu\u1ed3n kh\u1ed5; h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng cho con nghe s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 n\u1ebbo n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn con nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 khai m\u1edf cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 {nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed, to\u00e0n tr\u00ed}; h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed; h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 duy\u00ean cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i {nh\u1eadp thanh t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi}; h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 cho con bi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai; v\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 cho con th\u1ea5y v\u00f2ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 {thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c}. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a con gia t\u0103ng. Ghi nh\u1edb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, con s\u1ebd r\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d4n l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1eed t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh thay ch\u1eef \u201ch\u1ecd\u201d b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201cnh\u1eefng th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y\u201d trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eed t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y. R\u1ed3i h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t. \u0110\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kinh th\u1eadt l\u1edbn, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kinh. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, h\u00e3y thay nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y trong kinh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y [<em>Th\u1eadp Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p Kinh<\/em>]<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3,&nbsp;<em>Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[36]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n T\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a con, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p,<br>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 cho con th\u1ea5y di\u1ec7u h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt<br>V\u00e0 d\u1ea1y con \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1o\u201d<br>\u201cB\u1edfi v\u00ec khai sanh nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y cho con, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9<br>B\u1edfi v\u00ec cho con ngu\u1ed3n s\u1eefa c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1eabu<br>C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y cho con th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh ng\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<br>\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i \u0111i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u tai h\u1ea1i; [47]<br>Nh\u01b0 y s\u0129, th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t con kh\u1ecfi tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 t\u1eed bi\u1ec7t.<br>Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch, linh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n th\u1ec3<strong>,<\/strong>&nbsp;nh\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a cam l\u1ed3 xu\u1ed1ng;<br>Nh\u01b0 tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n, th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 cho con tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p tr\u1eafng trong v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ec9 cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 an l\u1ea1c, th\u1ea7y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi soi;<br>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu hay k\u1ebb th\u00f9, th\u1ea7y t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 n\u00fai non h\u00f9ng v\u1ef9;<br>Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00e2m b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng;<br>Th\u1ea7y ch\u0103m s\u00f3c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n cho con, l\u00e0 hoa ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn ph\u00e0\u201d<br>Con \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNh\u1eefng v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m con ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n;<br>C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c cho t\u00e2m con gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt;<br>Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d.<br>V\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, con \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cV\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng anh h\u00f9ng;<br>Th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i con n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a.<br>L\u00e0 con m\u1eaft cho con ni\u1ec1m an l\u1ea1c\u201d.<br>V\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3, con t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng t\u1eed t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, d\u00f9ng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thay m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i \u0110\u1ed3ng T\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1o S\u01b0 Ng\u0169 Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Guru-pa\u00f1c\u0101\u015bik\u0101<\/em>) ng\u00e0i M\u00e3 Minh {skt. a\u015bvagho\u1e63a} c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[37]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u2013<br>L\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<br>X\u00f3a tan nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu<br>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ng\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u00ec,<br>\u201c\u0110\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 v\u00ec n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y\u201d<br>L\u00e0m vui l\u00f2ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 trong m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i t\u00f3m t\u1eaft, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m vui l\u00f2ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 x\u00f3a tan \u0111i h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng an vui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vui l\u00f2ng th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt {1}, t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i {2} v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y {3}. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh Trang Nghi\u00eam Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Di-l\u1eb7c:[38]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch<br>T\u00f4n k\u00ednh, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y<br>\u0110\u00fang ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vui l\u00f2ng th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1o S\u01b0 Ng\u0169 Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng:<\/em>&nbsp;<em><strong>[39]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u01a1i lu\u00f4n n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 h\u1ee9a nguy\u1ec7n<br>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m -[48]<br>Con c\u00e1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh \u2013<br>Th\u00ec c\u1ea7n chi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n trong t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed5n S\u01b0 nh\u01b0 h\u1ee9a nguy\u1ec7n<br>Th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt<br>C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u;<br>Tu hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Lak-sor-wa (Lag-sor-ba) c\u00f2n n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea5u trong khi m\u00ecnh s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i \u0111i l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb b\u1ed5n s\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1o S\u01b0 Ng\u0169 Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[40]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7u mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<br>C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean b\u1ed5n s\u01b0<br>T\u1eeb v\u1eadt \u00edt b\u1eaft m\u1eaft nh\u1ea5t<br>\u0110\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed ph\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u00edch t\u1ee5 ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 si\u00eau ph\u00e0m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e0 c\u00e1p. Sha-ra-wa (Sha-ra-ba) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0n chi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2)&nbsp;<em>T\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0nh cho th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 t\u1eafm, xoa b\u00f3p, r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft d\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3)&nbsp;<em>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<\/em>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed5n Sanh Kinh c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft:<strong>[41]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n th\u1edd m\u00e0 c\u00e1c con ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 \u01a1n th\u1ea7y<br>Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>H\u1ecfi:<\/em>&nbsp;Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ta n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ba \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1edbi?[42] Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m y nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec1n {skt. Gu\u1e47abhadr\u0101} trong&nbsp;<em>Gi\u1edbi Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[43] \u201cN\u1ebfu th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, h\u00e3y t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i\u201d. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3o V\u00e2n Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp [44] \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n h\u00e3y l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n\u201d. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng nghe theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i sanh th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb bi\u1ebft \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i kho\u00e1y.[45] [49].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang khi l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi sai tr\u00e1i theo sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch hay coi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u00ean t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y.&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1o S\u01b0 Ng\u0169 Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng:<\/em>&nbsp;<em><strong>[46]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<br>H\u00e3y xin t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u00eam d\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1eddi th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y. Nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh Trang Nghi\u00eam Lu\u1eadn\u201d<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[47]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chia s\u1ebb gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<br>\u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bo-do-wa \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi Ananda {t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a \u201cKh\u00e1nh H\u1ef7\u201d} \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 th\u1ecb gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, Ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng: \u201cCon s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng Th\u1ea7y cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 con s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p gi\u1eef y \u00e1o Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng n\u1eefa hay th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 con s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n h\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh b\u00ean Ng\u00e0i\u201d. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 coi tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n chia c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 qua t\u1eebng t\u00e1ch tr\u00e0 m\u00e0 guru ban t\u1eb7ng ch\u00fang ta. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian bao l\u00e2u qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y, Bo-do-wa \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 th\u00eam g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng cho t\u00f4i. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111i l\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 ch\u00fat l\u00f2ng. N\u1ebfu \u1edf xa \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch chi cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, h\u00e3y h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>d. L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1edd n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh h\u01a1n; s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vui l\u00f2ng c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng; s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai; s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p[48]; nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm ng\u1ef1 ta; qua ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t {B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t h\u00e0nh} v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu[49]; sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00ec ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y v\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 cho ch\u00ednh ta, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u c\u00f9ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 si\u00eau ph\u00e0m. [50]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f9ng trong \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady,&nbsp;<em>Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[50]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ef1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y \u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i tu t\u1eadp B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. C\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t cao l\u00ean trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y lu\u00f4n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00e0nh vi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t n\u00e0o. C\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c b\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf:[51]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n hoan h\u1ef7 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi l\u1eddi l\u1ebd th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5ng to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c. C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd g\u1ea7n g\u0169i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y . C\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1eef th\u1ea7y trong t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Nh\u01b0-lai B\u1ea5t Kh\u1ea3 T\u01b0 Ngh\u00ec M\u1eadt Thuy\u1ebft Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Tath\u0101gata-acintya-guhya-nirde\u015ba-s\u016btra<\/em>) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[52]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nam t\u1eed, thi\u1ec7n n\u1eef nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ee9c, h\u00e3y g\u1ea7n g\u0169i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1c n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n k\u1ec1 c\u1eadn h\u01a1n, n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng cao c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u01b0 tu\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd mang \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh nh\u1edd nghe nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd mang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh. Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1edd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vui l\u00f2ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mang \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c hay cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 vun tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn gi\u00fap cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111i sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. [51] V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y th\u00ec s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch l\u0169y thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, do k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u1ea7y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t \u0111i c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f5i th\u1ea5p[53]. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ti\u00eau hao \u0111i nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 thay ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9 tr\u00ean th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb trong ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn lao, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 Nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>Kinh \u0110\u1ecba T\u1ea1ng<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[54]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ebd thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lang thang kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p trong c\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7u v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1. H\u1ecd thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tai h\u1ea1i cho th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m trong \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Nh\u1eefng tai h\u1ea1i n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 b\u1ecb s\u1ed1t v\u00e0 tai \u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat trong gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1edd l\u1ea1y, hay gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7u ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban cho nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y, tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ea7n g\u0169i h\u01a1n, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed5n Sinh Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh<em>:<strong>[55]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi xa ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y trong cung c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y, nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m nh\u1ecf thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ea9y n\u1edf trong ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bo-do-wa ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf trong s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u1edbn lao khi tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 da th\u00fa v\u1eadt b\u1ecb hao m\u00f2n. Nh\u01b0 khi ta k\u00e9o m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng da m\u00f2n kh\u00f4 tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n, nh\u1eefng m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 v\u1ee5n s\u1ebd d\u00ednh l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng th\u00f4i th\u00ec thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng \u01b0\u01a1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o trong th\u00e2n c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m nh\u1ecf th\u00ec l\u1ea1i d\u00ednh m\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y. [52]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>e. C\u00e1c L\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m khi kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u00f4n m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb n\u00e0o l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m, th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt trong ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp sau c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.&nbsp;<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[56]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cB\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh? Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1p: \u201cVajrapani {Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee7 \u2013 Tay Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng}, \u0111\u1eebng h\u1ecfi c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m c\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ee1i M\u1eadt V\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ta s\u1ebd n\u00f3i v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u. N\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng, h\u00e3y l\u1eafng nghe m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c b\u1ea5t kham n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec1u do t\u1eeb nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o t\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u00fa n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1o S\u01b0 Ng\u0169 Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5:[57]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi khinh mi\u1ec7t th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 k\u1ebb r\u1ea5t b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ebd ch\u1ebft b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ma qu\u1ef7, b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Phong h\u1ee7i, s\u1ed1t l\u00e2y lan,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u0169ng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi b\u1ecb vua gi\u1ebft,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hay l\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1t,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hay b\u1edfi r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1eafn,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1e0d\u0101k\u0101<em>,<\/em>[58] k\u1ebb tr\u1ed9m,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ma tr\u01a1i hay qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ho\u1eb7c linh h\u1ed3n l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabu sao \u0111\u1eebng g\u00e2y phi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ebfn t\u00e2m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi l\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ecb thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c th\u00e2m s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng r\u00f5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ai b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 th\u1ea7y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb sa \u0111\u1ecda<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c kinh h\u00e3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m tha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecd\u1ea1n v\u0103n trong&nbsp;<em>Yama H\u1eafc \u0110\u1ecbch Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>hay D\u1ea1-v\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eafc \u0110\u1ecbch Lu\u1eadn<\/em>} (<em>K\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e47a-yam\u0101ri-pa\u00f1jik\u0101<\/em>)<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;do \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c B\u1ea3o Sinh T\u1ecbnh {skt. ratn\u0101kara\u015b\u0101nti} vi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:[59]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 nghe d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u k\u1ec7<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ebd l\u00e0m ch\u00f3 tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i sinh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh trong c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111i r\u1ed3i ti\u00eau bi\u1ebfn. [53].&nbsp;<em>Th\u1eadp Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Hi\u1ec7n T\u1ea1i Ph\u1eadt T\u1ea5t T\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec1n L\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecbnh Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[60]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 gi\u1eef o\u00e1n h\u1eadn, ngoan c\u1ed1, hay th\u00f9 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau: N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u1ed7 xe th\u1ee9 ba[61] hay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y hay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y n\u00ean gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n x\u1ea5u, thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c s\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng. R\u1ed3i th\u00ec nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh xa h\u1ecd.&nbsp;<em>Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Ch\u00ednh Ni\u1ec7m Hi\u1ec7n T\u1ea1i<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Sad-dharm\u0101nusm\u1e5bty-upasth\u0101na<\/em>)&nbsp;<em>d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng:<strong>[62]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tham luy\u1ebfn, th\u00f9 h\u1eadn, v\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n x\u1ea5u, ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n c\u00e2y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Mah\u0101parinirv\u0101\u1e47a-s\u016btra<\/em>) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 con voi \u0111i\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i s\u1ee3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n x\u1ea5u[63]. \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc {con voi \u0111i\u00ean} ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, trong khi \u0111i\u1ec1u sau h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh<em>.<\/em>&nbsp;Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, kinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3ng con voi \u0111i\u00ean h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n x\u1ea5u h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n. V\u00e0 th\u00eam n\u1eefa, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y ta v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh, trong khi n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 sau ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng v\u1eady,&nbsp;<em>Satyaka-parivarta<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[64]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m b\u1ee7a v\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n x\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean \u0111i \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd l\u1eafng nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 cao si\u00eau,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ki\u1ec1m t\u1ecfa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, theo&nbsp;<em>Mitra-Varga<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>\u00c2n Hu\u1ec7 Ph\u1ea9m<\/em>} c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft:[65]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c tin hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi keo ki\u1ec7t,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u00e1o hay n\u00f3i l\u1eddi chia r\u1ebd;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ed1i nghi r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu. [ 54]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o k\u1ebb ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1ed1ng m\u0169i t\u00ean s\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nhu\u1ed1m d\u01a1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t chung bao ch\u1ee9a t\u00ean t\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00ec nh\u1eefng g\u00ec sai m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai do b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 do c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n \u2013 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111i, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sai m\u1edbi gia t\u0103ng. Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba d\u1ea1y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u xa nh\u1ea5t, d\u00f9 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu t\u1ed1t, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung b\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t, khi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ea7n x\u1ea5u xa nh\u1ea5t kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>f. T\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ed1n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 du-gi\u00e0\u201d {skt. guru yoga}.[66] N\u00ean nh\u1edb, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u01b0a \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3 do ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi. Khi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 trong t\u00e2m, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi Chay-ga-wa (mChad-ka-ba) d\u1ea1y: \u201cKhi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o guru, th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb\u201d. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c g\u00ec, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t th\u00eam th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n s\u00e2u xa nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, v\u1ed1n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i, v\u1ed1n th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n truy\u1ec1n th\u00eam c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng n\u1eefa, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y \u0111\u00e1ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cao tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n. H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y t\u1eeb chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u00f4 l\u1eadu. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai l\u1ea7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp nh\u01b0 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u1eef m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, sau khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. [55] Nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o Th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1eefa t\u1eeb t\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y t\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh theo c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh. H\u00e3y d\u00e2ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 cao si\u00eau nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean cho vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 Sad\u0101prarudita {Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ec1 hay Th\u01b0\u1eddng Kh\u1ea5p \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Hay Kh\u00f3c} \u2013 con c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh d\u0169ng to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 Thi\u1ec7n T\u00e0i \u0110\u1ed3ng T\u1eed \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i t\u00ecm th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/2013\/07\/09\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/12\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-5\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA95<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;P5346: 47.2.8-47.3.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA96&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-bodhisattva-pi\u1e6daka-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh<\/em>} l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 12 c\u1ee7a T\u1ea1ng Kinh&nbsp;<em>Ratna-<\/em>k\u016b\u1e6da {<em>B\u1ea3o H\u1eb1ng Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1ng kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba c\u1ed5 bao g\u1ed3m 49 kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 L\u01b0u-chi (skt. bodhiruci) (Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 5-6) d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;P760.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u00e1u ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a (skt. p\u0101ramit\u0101 \u2013 to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, vi\u00ean m\u00e3n) \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp theo B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o. v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eadc B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t danh t\u1eeb H\u00e1n-vi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c kinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba\u201d (skt. bh\u016bmi \u2013 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA97&nbsp;<em>Mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btrala\u1e43k\u0101ra-k\u0101rik\u0101,<\/em>&nbsp;Bagchi 1970 (MSA): 17.10; P5521: 13.4.5-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]BA98&nbsp;<em>Pr\u0101timok\u1e63a-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;P1031: 143.2.2. B\u1ea3ng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt (<em>vinaya<\/em>) cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u0103ng v\u00e0 Ni t\u1ee5ng hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng trong l\u1ec5 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Ti\u1ebfng t\u00e2y t\u1ea1ng&nbsp;<em>So Sor thar pa\u2019i mdo<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Kinh v\u1ec1 Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t C\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]BA99&nbsp;<em>Vinaya-vibhariga,<\/em>P1032: 149.5.1. Tsongkhapa mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn kinh&nbsp;<em>Lung rnani \u2018byed<\/em>&nbsp;(\u0101gama<em>-vihariga, Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Lu\u1eadn<\/em>)<em>.<\/em>&nbsp;\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai trong gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]<em>To\u00e0n t\u00e2m<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/em>&nbsp;\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u gi\u1eef b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n hay xao l\u00e3ng. T\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c (t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, t\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n ki\u1ec3m) l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u nghi cho th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]Geshe (tib. dge bshes, d\u1ea1ng g\u1ecdi ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef dge-ba\u2019i bshes-gnyen, d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a \u201cph\u00e1p h\u1eefu\u201d; t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef kaly\u0101\u0146amitra) \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c t\u0103ng s\u0129. H\u1ecdc v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Gelug (C\u00e1ch-l\u1ed7) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c, m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 geshe Lharampa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]BA100 Ud: 25.5-6;P992:98.3.3-7.&nbsp;<em>Ph\u1ea9m \u00c2n Hu\u1ec7<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 25 trong&nbsp;<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]BA101 mChims-thams-cad-mkhyen-pa (Chim-tam-jay-kyen-ba) trong lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<em>mChims mdzod gyi\u2019grel pa mngon pa\u2019i rgyam<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p B\u00e1u Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch c\u1ee7a mChim<\/em>)<em>:<\/em>&nbsp;145-150, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y (LRCM: 36.7) v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i&nbsp;<em>Praj\u00f1\u0101varman<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 H\u1ed9 Tr\u00ec<\/em>} c\u1ee7a M\u0101rga<em>-varga<\/em>&nbsp;{\u0110\u1ea1o Gi\u1edbi}: 12.10 trong kinh&nbsp;<em>Ud\u0101na-varga-vivara\u1e47a<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh M\u00f4 T\u1ea3<\/em>)<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA102 SR:2.21-22ab, 3.24-27; P975: 277.2.5-6, 277.2.7-277.2.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]BA103&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-sub\u0101hu-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-n\u0101ma-tantra,<\/em>&nbsp;P428:34.3.8-34.4.3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA104&nbsp;<em>Catu\u1e25-\u015bataka-\u015b\u0101stra-k\u0101rik\u0101,<\/em>&nbsp;Lang 1986 (C\u015b): 12.1;P5246: 138.1.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]BA105&nbsp;<em>Bodhisattva-yog\u0101-cary\u0101-Catu\u1e25-\u015bataka-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Du-gi\u00e0 H\u1ea1nh T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/em>} P5266:252.5.8-253.1.7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]BA106&nbsp;<em>Madhyamaka-h\u1e5bdaya-k\u0101rik\u0101,<\/em>&nbsp;P5255:4.2.3-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA107&nbsp;<em>Bodhisattva-pr\u0101timok\u1e63a-catu\u1e63ka-nirh\u0101ra-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra.<\/em>&nbsp;Ch\u1eef pr\u0101timok\u1e63a c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]BA108&nbsp;<em>Bodhisattva-yog\u0101-cary\u0101-Catu\u1e25-\u015bataka-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101,<\/em>&nbsp;P5266: 253.1.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]BA109 Kinh&nbsp;<em>Ga\u1e47\u1e0da-vy\u016bha-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Ph\u1ea9m Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 Th\u1eadp Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/em>} l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 45 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 Kinh&nbsp;<em>Buddh\u0101vata\u1e41saka-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101-vaipulya-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh<\/em>)<em>.<\/em>Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y (P761.3.5-292.4.4) vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 (guru) Dharmottara {Ph\u00e1p Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng}. Ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1 theo ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng do Tsongkhapa vi\u1ebft \u2013 sDong po bkod pa \u2013 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf trang 761, vol. 26, sDong po brgyan pa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]BA110&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-pratyutpanna-buddha-sa\u1e43mukh\u0101vasthita-sam\u0101dhi-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>c\u00f3 n\u01a1i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 B\u00e1t Chu Tam Mu\u1ed9i kinh<\/em>} P801:126.2.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]BA111 Ibid.: 126.3.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]BA112 dGe-shes[\u2018Brom]-ston-pa c\u00f3 ba \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ch\u00ednh, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ba \u201canh em\u201d (<em>shu mched<\/em>) : Po-to-ba (Bo-do-wa), sPyan-snga-ba (Jen-nga-wa) v\u00e0 Phu-chung-ba (Pu-chung-wa) (Roerich: 263-264). Geshe Ngawang Lhundup n\u00f3i h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tinh th\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft. Po-to-ba khi n\u00f3i \u201cgeshe c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 sPyan-snga-ba nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, geshe (dge-bshes) trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ea7y\u2019, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ebfn s\u0129\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]BA113 M\u1ed9t Ma\u1e47\u1e0dala \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 1 ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho to\u00e0n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2ng c\u00fang qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00ecnh mang trong th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]BA114&nbsp;<em>Ah-ray<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>ah re<\/em>) l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vui m\u1eebng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]Gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 trung t\u00e2m hay b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n&nbsp;<em>Cakrasa\u1e43vara Tantra<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Lu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u L\u1ea1c M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 v\u00f2ng di\u1ec7u l\u1ea1c m\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n}, (tib. Korlo Demchog Gyud) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u1edbp M\u1eabu h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n&nbsp;<em>Anuttara Yoga Tantra<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>T\u1ed1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Du-gi\u00e0 M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/em>). Heruka, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ma\u1e47\u1e0dala \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Sa\u1e43vara (Di\u1ec7u L\u1ea1c) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng i\u1e63\u1e6dhadevat\u0101 (Th\u1ea7n Th\u1ec3, B\u1ed5n t\u00f4n) n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, hay c\u00e1c Gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o T\u00e2n d\u1ecbch \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]BA115&nbsp;<em>A\u1e63\u1e6da-s\u0101hasrik\u0101-praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;Vaidya 1960d:239; P734:172.3.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]BA116&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-ratnolka-n\u0101ma-dh\u0101ra\u1e47i-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra,&nbsp;<\/em>tr\u00edch trong Vaidya 1960b: P5336: 184.1.1-3 {T\u00ean d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3o Quang Minh \u0110\u00e0-la-ni S\u1edf Thuy\u1ebft K\u1ec7<\/em>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ghi kh\u1eafc bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm cho s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 \u201ccho l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh\u201d mong mu\u1ed1n t\u00e1i sinh trong c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. (<em>Ancient Indian Sect and Orders Mentioned by Buddhist Writers<\/em>. Bendall.C. Royal Asiatic. Society. 1901. p 122-127)}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]BA117 The&nbsp;<em>Da\u015ba-dharmaka-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9&nbsp;<em>Ratna-k\u016b\u1e6da<\/em>, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong Vaidyu 1960b:1.11-14;202.2.4-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[28]BA118&nbsp;<em>Vajrap\u0101\u1e47i-abhi\u1e63eka-mah\u0101-tantra,<\/em>&nbsp;P130; 90.5.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[29]BA119&nbsp;<em>Ibid.:50.3.5-6.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[30]BA120&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-ratna-megha-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>B\u1ea3o V\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh \u2013 kinh \u0110\u00e1m M\u00e2y Qu\u00fd Gi\u00e1<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;P897: 215.1.4-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[31]BA121&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-g\u1e5bha-paty-ugra-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Ugra t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 C\u01b0\u1eddng N\u1ed9 \u2013<\/em>&nbsp;d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a t\u00ean Kinh l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>C\u01b0 S\u0129 Ugra C\u1ea7u V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh<\/em>} l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 19 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Ratna-k\u016b\u1e6da,<\/em>&nbsp;tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong Vaidya 1960b: 2.9-13; 271.4.4-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[32]<em>Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u1ebfu tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp b\u00ean tr\u00ean.&nbsp;<em>Kinh Kim Cang<\/em>. Th\u00edch thanh T\u1eeb. 1997. Th\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n Th\u01b0\u1eddng Chi\u1ebfu. Truy c\u1eadp 12\/05\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.thuong-chieu.org\/uni\/KinhSachThiKe\/Kinh\/KinhKimCang\/TRANG_CHINH.htm&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[33]T\u1eeb ch\u1eef eon (skt. kalpa) \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh: Ti\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfp (Skt. antah-kalpa) v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 16.678.000 n\u0103m; trung ki\u1ebfp (skt. asankya-kalpa) d\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng 20 ti\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfp; \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp (skt. maha kalpa) b\u1eb1ng 4 trung ki\u1ebfp. \u201c<em>Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Ch\u00ednh T\u00edn<\/em>\u201d. Th\u00edch Th\u00e1nh Nghi\u00eam. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Ki\u1ebfp L\u00e0 G\u00ec. Th\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n Hoa Sen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-75_4-7684_5-50_6-3_17-204_14-1_15-1\/&gt;. Truy c\u1eadp: 08\/05\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[34]BA122&nbsp;<em>Da\u015ba-dharmaka -s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;P760: 204.2.2-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[35]BA123&nbsp;<em>Ga\u1e47\u1e0da-vy\u016bha-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;{Ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi \u2013 Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;Vaidya 1960c: 131; P761: 184.1.7-184.2.4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[36]BA124 Ibid., Vaidya 1960c: LIV.70, 72-74, 71, 75; P761: 297.4.1-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[37]BA125&nbsp;<em>Guru-pa\u00f1c\u0101\u015bik\u0101:<\/em>&nbsp;46-47; P4544: 206.1.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[38]BA126 MSA: 17.11; P5521: 13.4.6-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[39]BA127&nbsp;<em>Guru-pa\u00f1c\u0101\u015bik\u0101:<\/em>&nbsp;17,21; P4544: 205.4.4, 205.4.6-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[40]BA128 Ibid.: 20; P4544: 205.4.6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[41]BA129 Jm:17.32a-b;P5650:28.5.4-28.5.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[42]Theo gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Geshe Lhundub Sopa th\u00ec ba \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p li\u1ec5u ngh\u0129a (1), c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n tin c\u1eady kh\u00e1c (2) v\u00e0 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn (3). (p.147. \u201c<em>Step on the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>\u201d. Geshe Lhundub Sopa. Vol1. Widom. 2004).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[43]BA130&nbsp;<em>Vinaya-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;P5619:201.2.6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[44]BA131&nbsp;<em>Ratna-megha-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;P897: 215.1.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[45]BA132 C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i sanh th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt khi Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau: m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n tr\u1ebb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eed th\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ec3 l\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. R\u1ed3i \u00f4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i: \u2018Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i, th\u00ec \u0103n c\u1eafp c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.\u2019&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea5ng<\/em>&nbsp;Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea5ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, l\u00e0 cha c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi h\u1ecd \u0111i \u0103n c\u1eafp, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 do \u0110\u1ea5ng Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, xin vui l\u00f2ng \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0103n c\u1eafp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3\u201d. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, duy ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni \u2013 th\u00ec im l\u1eb7ng. Khi v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cTh\u1ea7y, l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a con, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang con \u0111i \u0103n c\u1eafp, nh\u01b0ng theo l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0103n c\u1eafp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang\u201d. Th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u201cTa n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed c\u00e1c con th\u00f4i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ta. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n theo b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y, m\u00e0 qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y, v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ta\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[46]BA133&nbsp;<em>gurupa\u00f1c\u0101\u015bik\u0101:<\/em>&nbsp;24cd; P544:205.4.8-205.5.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[47]BA134 MSA: 17.14; P5521: 13.5.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[48]Ch\u00fang sinh thu\u1ed9c d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 6 gi\u1edbi (skt. \u1e63a\u1e0dgati): tr\u1eddi (skt. deva \u2013 thi\u00ean), ng\u01b0\u1eddi (skt. manusya \u2013 nh\u00e2n), th\u1ea7n (skt. asura \u2013 a-tu-la), s\u00fac sinh (skt. tiryagyoni), ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 (skt. preta) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c (skt. naraka). Trong \u0111\u00f3, ba gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p hay gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 s\u00fac sinh, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.&nbsp;<em>Desire Realm<\/em>. Wikipedia.org. Truy c\u1eadp 08\/05\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[49]M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p hay t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tu t\u1eadp thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n. Ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama:&nbsp;<em>Shantideva\u2019s Guide to Bodhisattva Way of Life<\/em>. Day3. 2010. Truy c\u1eadp 27\/05\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt; http:\/\/www.dalailama.com\/webcasts\/post\/94-shantidevas-guide-to-a-bodhisattvas-way-of-life&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[50]BA135&nbsp;<em>Ga\u1e47\u1e0da-vy\u016bha-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;tr\u00edch t\u1eeb Vaidya 1960b: 23; cf. Vaidya 1960c: 364; P761: 291.5.7-292.1.8, c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[51]BA136 Ibid., Vaidya 1960c: 131; P761: 184.2.608. Ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y t\u1ea1ng th\u00ec kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong&nbsp;<em>\u015aiks\u0101-samuccaya<\/em>&nbsp;(Vaidya: 1960b:23; P5336: 194.4.8-194.5.3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[52]BA137&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-tath\u0101gata-acintya-guhya-nirde\u015ba-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n 3 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Ratna-k\u016b\u1e6da, P760.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[53]<em>C\u00f5i \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>c\u00f5i th\u1ea5p<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang sinh t\u00e1i sinh thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong 3 gi\u1edbi: s\u00fac sinh, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. Hai c\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 thu\u1eadn l\u01a1i cho tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 thi\u00ean (tr\u1eddi) v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n (ng\u01b0\u1eddi).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[54]BA138&nbsp;<em>K\u1e63itigarbha-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Da\u015ba-cakra-k\u1e63itigarbha-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btr t\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ecba T\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadp Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba kinh,<\/em>&nbsp;cited in Vaidya 1960b: 51.06,51.12.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[55]BA139 Jm: 31.72; P5650: 58.3.4-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[56]BA140&nbsp;<em>Vajaparty-abiseka-maha-tantra,<\/em>&nbsp;P130:90.4.6-90.5.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[57]BA141&nbsp;<em>Guru-pa\u00f1c\u0101\u015bik\u0101:<\/em>&nbsp;11-12; P4544: 205.3.7-205.4.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[58]BA142 M\u1eb7c d\u00f9&nbsp;<em>dakas<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sanh \u1edf ngo\u00e0i v\u00f2ng l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng linh h\u1ed3n g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i. {Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo truy c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec ch\u1eef \u201c\u1e0d\u0101k\u0101\u2019\u201dn\u00e0y theo ti\u1ebfng \u1ea4n (Hindi) l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp\u201d}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[59]BA143&nbsp;<em>\u015ari-k\u1e5b\u1e63\u1e47a-yam\u0101ri-mah\u0101-tantra-r\u0101ja-pa\u00f1jik\u0101-ratna-prad\u012bpa<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Yama H\u1eafc \u0110\u1ecbch \u0110\u1ea1i M\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nan Ng\u1eef B\u1ea3o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;P2782:257.3.4-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[60]BA144&nbsp;<em>Pratyutpanna-buddha-sa\u1e43mukh\u0101vasthita-sam\u0101dhi-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;P801: 107.1.6-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[61]BA145 Locho Rimbochay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[62]BA146&nbsp;<em>Arya-sad-dharmanusmrty-upathasa,<\/em>&nbsp;P953: 309.5.23.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[63]BA147&nbsp;<em>\u2018Phags pa yongs su mya ngan las \u2018das pa chen po\u2019I mdo.<\/em>&nbsp;P787: 9.2.2-7. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sankrit trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Suzuki. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hoa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[64]BA148&nbsp;<em>Satyaka-parivarta<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>\u0110\u1ebf Thuy\u1ebft Ph\u1ea9m \u2013 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Thuy\u1ebft V\u1ec1 Ch\u00e2n L\u00fd<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;P813: 247.1.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[65]BA149 Ud: 25.1, 25.9-10; P992: 98.2.8-98.3.1; 98.3.6-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[66]BA150 Khensur Yeshe Thupten \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 du-gi\u00e0 l\u00e0 gi\u1eef t\u00e2m trong thi\u1ec1n, tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5:&nbsp;Th\u1eddi Thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2:<br><\/strong>2. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi \u0111ang trong th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<br>b) Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i) L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t<br>ii) L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c) Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec sau khi x\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2) Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<br>b) H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i) C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<br>ii) H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c) Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<br>d) L\u00e0m sao h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 sai th\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac \u0111i ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">********************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5)<br>2. B\u00e1c b\u1ecf quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi \u0111ang trong th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n<br>2. Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi \u0111ang trong th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: (1) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n; (2) trong l\u00fac nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n; (3) sau khi nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00e1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ser-lin-ba. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: (1) d\u1ecdn s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd n\u01a1i thi\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 b\u00e0y bi\u1ec7n ng\u0103n n\u1eafp nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt. (2) Ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1, v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb9p. (3) Ng\u1ed3i th\u1eb3ng l\u01b0ng tr\u00ean ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, ch\u00e2n ki\u1ebft gi\u00e0 hay b\u00e1n gi\u00e0, v\u00e0 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec quy y v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Trong&nbsp;<em>Thanh V\u0103n \u0110\u1ecba<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>\u015ar\u0101vaka-bh\u016bmi<\/em>)<strong><em>[1]<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: ng\u1ed3i trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ki\u1ebft gi\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u1ef1 t\u00f2a<strong>,<\/strong>&nbsp;gh\u1ebf th\u1ea5p hay t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a \u0111i h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ea5n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i lui \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. (4) H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trung tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba th\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, ch\u01b0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t cao qu\u00fd, ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c {skt. pratyekabuddha}, ch\u01b0 Thanh V\u0103n {skt. \u015br\u0101vaka}, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y.[2]&nbsp;R\u1ed3i h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t mi\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 cao si\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(5) Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh trong t\u00e2m l\u00e0 (1) T\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean, v\u00e0 (2) thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a t\u00e2m t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ecbch duy\u00ean. [56] N\u1ebfu c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp<strong><em>[3]<\/em><\/strong>. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a t\u00e2m b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n[4]&nbsp;\u2013 ph\u00e1p bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 k\u00ednh, bao g\u1ed3m l\u1ec5 k\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n, l\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e2m. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong thi k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>H\u1ea1nh Nguy\u1ec7n Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Samantabhadra-cary\u0101-pra\u1e47idh\u0101na<\/em>)<em>:<strong>[5]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u00fai l\u1ea1y v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd trong s\u00e1ng<br>L\u1ea1y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng S\u01b0 t\u1eed trong lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi,[6]&nbsp;kh\u00f4ng s\u00f3t m\u1ed9t ai<br>Nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ngang qua su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 ba th\u1eddi trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<br>V\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u n\u1eefa trong kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh t\u00f4n k\u00ednh h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tu\u00e2n theo nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m. \u0110\u1eebng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u1edf m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi. T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, n\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ef1 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Ye-shay-day (Ye-shes-sde) gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i trong lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng,[7]\u201cNgay c\u1ea3 khi con c\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1y ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f2n g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong khi l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong thi k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con k\u00ednh l\u1ea1y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng<br>V\u1edbi th\u00e2n l\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c vi tr\u1ea7n {c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf} trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<br>C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt<br>Qua s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n mong m\u1ecfi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ng\u1ef1 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, khi c\u00fai l\u1ea1y, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb trong th\u00e2n ta v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi n\u0103ng t\u1eeb s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng tin s\u00e2u xa v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y. \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Ye-shay-day gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch[8]\u201cNgay c\u1ea3 khi l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ph\u1eadt th\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n {b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1eddng}. C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n chi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1eadt?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng \u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong thi k\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t vi tr\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0<br>S\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0<br>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed.<br>V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<br>Con qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1ecda tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t vi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y. M\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed bao quanh. H\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 \u00fd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ni\u1ec1m tin th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong thi k\u1ec7 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c&nbsp;<em>Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/em>&nbsp;{skt.&nbsp;<em>sugata<\/em>}<em>,<strong>[9]<br><\/strong><\/em>Con xin v\u00ed s\u1ef1 cao si\u00eau c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt<br>V\u1edbi c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e2m thanh trong gi\u1ecdng h\u00e1t<br>V\u00e0 v\u00f4 v\u00e0n nh\u1eefng ng\u1ee3i ca kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t. [57]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i th\u00e2n trong v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee1i t\u1eeb m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea9u {l\u1eddi n\u00f3i} \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u00e1t \u00eam d\u1ecbu v\u1edbi l\u1eddi t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Trong thi k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u201cb\u00e0i h\u00e1t\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u201cTi\u1ebfng\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u00e1t l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cl\u01b0\u1ee1i\u201d. \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n t\u00f4n k\u00ednh th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 trong hai thi k\u1ec7 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u00fang du\u1eddng l\u00ean ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt<br>Hoa \u0111\u1eb9p, nh\u1eefng tr\u00e0ng hoa t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t,<br>Nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5, thu\u1ed1c m\u1ee1, nh\u1eefng d\u00f9 che tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o,<br>Nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt<br>Trang ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1ng<br>B\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng cao \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Tu-di<br>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1ch ch\u01b0ng b\u00e0y tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cHoa \u0111\u1eb9p\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3a hoa r\u01a1i tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hoa t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay n\u01a1i th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh. C\u00e1c \u201cTr\u00e0ng hoa\u201d l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i hoa kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh tr\u00e0ng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111an nhau. C\u1ea3 hai t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 hoa th\u1eadt v\u00e0 hoa qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng. \u201cNh\u1ea1c c\u1ee5\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ea1c khi g\u1ea9y d\u00e2y {\u0111\u00e0n}, th\u1ed5i {k\u00e8n, s\u00e1o}, hay c\u00f3 \u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edfng {chi\u00ean, tr\u1ed1ng}. \u201cThu\u1ed1c m\u1ee1\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u th\u01a1m cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u201cD\u00f9 che tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc d\u00f9 \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t. \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n\u201d bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u ng\u1ecdc qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n th\u01a1m h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ng\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e8n b\u01a1. \u201cH\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1t\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f9i hay nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn. \u201cTrang ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i y ph\u1ee5c m\u1ef9 mi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t. \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc hoa th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1ng\u201d l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ef1ng trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e1t c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng; bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m c\u00f3 m\u00f9i lan t\u1ecfa kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 ba t\u1ef7 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cb\u1ed9t th\u01a1m\u201d c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 b\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng n\u00fai Tu Di. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng c\u00e1t m\u00e0u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ma\u1e47\u1e0dala hay l\u00e0 b\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ea3i quanh ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh g\u00f3i nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t. \u201cC\u00e1ch tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt tr\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 trang tr\u00ed v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi k\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt to t\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u1ed5i<br>C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<br>V\u1edbi c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0nh<br>Con qu\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 to\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y n\u0103mg l\u1ef1c, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. Hai c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a thi k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i k\u00e8m theo v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi k\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a hai d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n b\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi k\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 ba \u2013 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o con \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m<br>Qua th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, hay \u00fd<br>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tham, s\u00e2n, si<br>Xin s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i cho t\u1eebng l\u1ed7i \u1ea5y. [58]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i l\u00e0 tam \u0111\u1ed9c {tham, s\u00e2n, si} t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u00fd \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea5y, hay k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, hay vui m\u1eebng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m. Cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, thi k\u1ec7 d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u201cB\u1ea5t c\u1ee9\u201d. S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i l\u00e0 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. Th\u00fa t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi t\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi k\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u2013 hoan h\u1ef7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con hoan h\u1ef7 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o.<br>C\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u00e2t,<br>Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c, c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0111ang tu h\u1ecdc,<br>C\u1ee7a v\u1ecb v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc[10], v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ph\u00e0m phu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cHoan h\u1ef7\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n nh\u1edb t\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y[11], v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m hoan h\u1ef7 nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho t\u00e0ng ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi k\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m \u2013 th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p,<br>T\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb kh\u1eafp m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<br>C\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh, tho\u00e1t ngo\u00e0i b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p<br>\u0110\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 s\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n l\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00f3ng xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. R\u1ed3i th\u00ec ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u01b0 ng\u1ef1 trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y sau khi t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c \u0111i v\u00e0o gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng chi l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Ye-shay-day tr\u00edch d\u1eabn&nbsp;[12]&nbsp;trong s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3ng lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201ct\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c \u0111i v\u00e0o gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi k\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 l\u1ec5 k\u00ednh th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u \u2013 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i tay ch\u1eafp nguy\u1ec7n<br>Cho nh\u1eefng ai \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n {skt. Nirv\u0101n } r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<br>Xin \u1edf l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c vi tr\u1ea7n trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<br>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111em an b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u bao g\u1ed3m qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i v\u00e0o Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o. R\u1ed3i kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n trong nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u1eed ch\u00f3ng v\u00e1nh trong m\u1ed7i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ecnh an t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu cho m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi k\u1ec7 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 k\u00ednh th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y \u2013 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u n\u00e0o con hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp, d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf bao nhi\u00eau,<br>T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i,<br>Hoan h\u1ef7, th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u<br>Con xin h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n cho gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1u c\u00e1ch l\u1ec5 k\u00ednh tr\u00ean \u2013 b\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c thi k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i t\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng thi k\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m. [59]. M\u1ed9t khi l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u2013 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean \u2013 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u0103m h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, hoan h\u1ef7, th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u xin ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1eebng nh\u1eadp ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Nh\u1edd s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd x\u00f3a tan \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ecbch duy\u00ean. Vun x\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m vui trong c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u2013 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a hoan h\u1ef7 \u2013 s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp, thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi r\u1ed3i tan bi\u1ebfn \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. T\u00f3m t\u1eaft, b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n: hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp, thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tan bi\u1ebfn \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(6)[13]&nbsp;Sau \u0111\u00f3, khi trong t\u00e2m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ma\u1e47\u1e0dala v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ma\u1e47\u1e0dala, h\u00e3y c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft tha:[14]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xin gia tr\u00ec cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u2013 c\u00e1c m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a con \u2013 v\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng ng\u01b0ng c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7y sai s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u00e3[15].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xin gia tr\u00ec cho ch\u00fang con \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang con d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xin gia tr\u00ec cho ch\u00fang con d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>Bu\u1ed5i nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>i<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 quan \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9[16]&nbsp;qua vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n {t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c do thi\u1ec1n}. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau: t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t; nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb che m\u1edd b\u1edfi c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 Cho n\u00ean, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 mang t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n kh\u1edfi sinh \u0111\u1ea7y sai l\u1ea1c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng. S\u1ef1 kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n t\u00f9y theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea3y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c. [60] Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 \u00fd m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 \u00fd m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen t\u1eeb l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u00ec h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb trong c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea danh m\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec. Sau \u0111\u00f3, gia t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u00fd ch\u00ed m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lu\u00f4n t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec kh\u00e1c v\u1edb\u00ed nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n v\u1edb\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7y to\u00e0n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c[17].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ii<\/strong>)<strong>L\u00e0m sao duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t l\u01a1i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111au kh\u1ed5 trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp sau. R\u1ed3i h\u00e3y, suy t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng: \u201cCon kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd cho ph\u00e9p m\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0\u201d. Sau khi suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh, thi\u1ec1n, tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, v\u00e0 tri ki\u1ebfn \u2013 h\u00e3y thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m tin c\u00f3 t\u00ednh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Sau \u0111\u00f3, theo c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n kinh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u00ean, suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap ta. Thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7y t\u1eeb t\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>L\u00e0m g\u00ec sau khi nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ee5ng&nbsp;<em>Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec3n H\u1ea1nh Nguy\u1ec7n<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Th\u1ea5t Th\u1eadp Th\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec7n T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Pra\u1e47idh\u0101na-saptati<\/em>)<em>,<strong>[18]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng. Thi\u1ec1n theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y trong b\u1ed1n th\u1eddi: tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ecnh minh, bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, bu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0a v\u00e0 sau khi tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00fd v\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, th\u00ec s\u1ebd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eef<strong>[19]<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen, th\u00ec r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00ean thi\u1ec1n trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi ng\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu ta ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n trong khi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd h\u0103ng h\u00e1i v\u00e0o thi\u1ec1n trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. [61] N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y g\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o an \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1eddi h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat l\u1ed7i n\u00e0o v\u00ec th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n hay \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n. Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00edt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu sinh kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2) Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n[20]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m gi\u1eefa hai th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y, \u0111i nhi\u1ec5u quanh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng [l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kinh]. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m theo s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u1edf ngay th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o to\u00e0n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c n\u1eefa, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n x\u1ea3 \u0111i h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 quan. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t \u00edt. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb k\u1ef9 tr\u1edf \u0111i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp, b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u00e3y t\u1ea9y x\u00f3a \u0111i nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c v\u1edbi l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a gi\u1eef, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cK\u1ebft h\u1ee3p\u201d g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 (1) luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m trong \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 quan, (2) gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 (3) hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c: (a) ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan, (b) h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, (c) dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 (d) n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 sai gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c, v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0o gi\u1edd ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec3m trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u1ee5 gi\u1eef ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. Trong n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a hai vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eef ba \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft kia. Th\u1ee9 hai, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ki\u00ean tr\u00ec ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n nghi\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang gi\u1eef g\u00ecn l\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf s\u00e1u gi\u00e1c quan {l\u1ee5c c\u0103n}. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh xa kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0 s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m {l\u1ee5c tr\u1ea7n}l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n.[21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1)&nbsp;<em>Ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan<\/em>: [62] Sau khi s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c[22]&nbsp;ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, th\u00ec \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o sinh n\u00ean s\u1ef1 l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n hay l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eef c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e2m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat hay th\u00f9 gh\u00e9t v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n to t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u1ea1o sinh ra c\u00e1c th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2)&nbsp;<em>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf v\u1edbi s\u00e1u c\u01a1 quan c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ng\u1eebng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan c\u1ea3m x\u00fac. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o sinh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o khi ch\u00fang g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3: \u201cph\u00f2ng gi\u1eef n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00fac c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng[23]&nbsp;\u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng x\u1eed l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 b\u00e1m v\u00edu {ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc} kh\u1edfi l\u00ean do qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. Ch\u1eef \u201cl\u01b0u \u00fd\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o. \u201cPh\u00f3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m v\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra b\u00e1m v\u00edu, gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh sau khi s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nghe v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf<\/em>&nbsp;ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u trung t\u00ednh hay thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u1edd tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trung t\u00ednh\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0111ang n\u1eafm b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7ythi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac kh\u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00fac c\u00f3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>H\u00e0nh vi v\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>i<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 theo \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec3m: n\u0103m h\u00e0nh vi di chuy\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 n\u0103m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 sinh ho\u1ea1t trong ch\u00f9a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng khi di chuy\u1ec3n {c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t} l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n<\/em>: \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ra ph\u1ed1, \u0111i ch\u00f9a, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft<\/em>: c\u1ea3 hai m\u1eaft ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0\u1edbt qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau b\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00f3 ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u00fd v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a tay ch\u00e2n, ng\u00f3n tay v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n<\/em>: du\u1ed7i tay ch\u00e2n, ng\u00f3n tay v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n ra v\u00e0 co ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(4) H\u00e0nh&nbsp;<em>vi v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>\u00e1o tr\u00e0ng, c\u00e0-sa, hay y<\/em>}&nbsp;<em>v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 y b\u00e1t<\/em>}: [63] s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ba lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(5)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/em>: \u0103n, u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v.v\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 sinh ho\u1ea1t trong ch\u00f9a {c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t} l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n<\/em>: H\u00e3y \u0111i trong m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5; \u0111i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p tu; nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y; \u0111\u1ee9ng khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh s\u1eafp g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec, th\u1ea7y, \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1; ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i th\u1ebf ki\u1ebft gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 v.v\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u<\/em>: H\u00e3y nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea9u truy\u1ec1n trong m\u01b0\u1eddi hai nh\u00f3m kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n[24]&nbsp;m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn; hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3; tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao truy\u1ec1n; ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c; v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00f2 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 hoan h\u1ef7 tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a \u00fd<\/em>: ng\u1ee7 trong kho\u1ea3ng chu k\u1ef3 ban \u0111\u00eam; ngh\u1ec9 \u1edf n\u01a1i y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i khi suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 nghe, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00edn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c; v\u00e0 khi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t do tr\u1eddi n\u00f3ng, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a tan \u0111i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n ng\u1ee7 tr\u00e1i gi\u1edd; v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(4)&nbsp;<em>H\u00e0nh vi ban ng\u00e0y v\u00e0<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>5<\/em>)&nbsp;<em>h\u00e0nh vi ban \u0111\u00eam<\/em>: C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 ban ng\u00e0y hay trong th\u1eddi kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ban \u0111\u00eam. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cNg\u1ee7 trong kho\u1ea3ng ban \u0111\u00eam\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi ban \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ii<\/strong>)<strong>H\u00e0nh vi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e0nh vi c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau. Khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi hay ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u00e3y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ea5m nhi\u1ec5m hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m sao th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n; r\u1ed3i suy t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1)&nbsp;<em>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/em>: V\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u2013 nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 \u2013 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, l\u00e0m sao ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn. [64] V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, h\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y trong s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt. V\u00e0 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng khi \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn. \u201cB\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2)&nbsp;<em>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/em>: V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i xem x\u00e9t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn . Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n , nh\u01b0 khi \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m n\u01a1i sau: n\u01a1i b\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 v.v\u2026[25]. Ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi n\u0103m ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y m\u1ed7i khi \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3)&nbsp;<em>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1eddi gian<\/em>: V\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i xem x\u00e9t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t khi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn l\u00e0 \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u, h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4) Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh vi: kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau h\u00e0nh vi \u0111ang l\u00e0m, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 l\u00e0m sao th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i xem x\u00e9t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i, gi\u1eef trong T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt g\u00ec v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110i qua ch\u1ed7 \u1edf kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f3m t\u1eaft, ph\u1ea3i to\u00e0n t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0o x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u00eam hay ng\u00e0y. Ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m. Khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u00e0 quay l\u01b0ng \u0111i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u201cB\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i tham d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o hay quay l\u01b0ng \u0111i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hoen \u1ed1 danh d\u1ef1 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y; ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi ch\u1ebft, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i sanh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5; v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea3 hai, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan theo nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3. H\u00e3y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng tu t\u1eadp n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0m, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thanh t\u1ecbnh; v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7[26]. [65]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c<\/strong>)<strong>\u1ea8m th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1)&nbsp;<em>Kh\u00f4ng \u0103n qu\u00e1 \u00edt<\/em>: N\u1ebfu \u0103n qu\u00e1 \u00edt qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3i b\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd y\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u201cKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n qu\u00e1 \u00edt\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0103n v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3i b\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eefa \u0103n ng\u00e0y mai.&nbsp;[27]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2)&nbsp;<em>Kh\u00f4ng \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u<\/em>: B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh mang m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng. S\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi th\u1edf ra v\u00e0 th\u1edf v\u00e0o. S\u1ef1 bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a tan phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3)&nbsp;<em>\u0102n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau v\u00e0 l\u00e0nh<\/em>: V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd x\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u0169 do kh\u1ed5 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u00ec \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4)&nbsp;<em>\u0102n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n h\u00e0<\/em>: V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00e8m \u0103n n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1ch thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n. C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m: (1) Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch: H\u00e3y suy ngh\u0129 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, m\u00f9i th\u01a1m, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb ngon c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00f4n m\u1eeda ra sau khi ta nhai v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u01b0\u1edbt nhuy\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ebfng. (2) Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau h\u00f3a th\u1ee9c \u0103n: h\u00e3y suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 huy\u1ebft sau khi ti\u00eau h\u00f3a trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00eam. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c \u0103n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i trong ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3; c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft n\u00f3 ra ngo\u00e0i. Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y. (3) N\u0103m khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m do vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: N\u0103m \u0111\u00ec\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1)&nbsp;<em>Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/em>: Trong khi kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec n\u00f3ng l\u1ea1nh, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111au kh\u1ed5 bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n r\u1ed3i, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i l\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u1eafp hay ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf v\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ed5 khi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2)&nbsp;<em>Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ti\u00eau tan c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i<\/em>: Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi th\u00e2n quy\u1ebfn ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt, nh\u01b0 cha v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e3i nhau ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec th\u1ee9c \u0103n. [66]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3)&nbsp;<em>Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/em>: C\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5 khi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 tham mu\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4)&nbsp;<em>Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/em>: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5 khi thay m\u1eb7t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">5)&nbsp;<em>Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i<\/em>: C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd v\u00ec th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi s\u1eafp t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, sau khi ch\u1ebft, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sanh v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u2013 r\u1ed1t c\u00f9ng th\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u00fang. H\u00e3y \u0103n sau khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cb\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang khi nh\u1edd v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nu\u00f4i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t phong c\u00e1ch thanh t\u1ecbnh khi ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n nguy\u1ec7n ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn da, th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4 \u0111i! R\u1ed3i h\u1ecd mang nh\u1eefng t\u1eb7ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y trao v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n cho m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn\u201d. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean d\u1ea1y trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadn<\/em>[28]&nbsp;{skt.&nbsp;<em>\u015bik\u1e63\u0101samuccaya<\/em>&nbsp;} khi \u0103n ph\u1ea3i suy t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sau \u0111\u00e2y (1) qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi; (2) b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 l\u00fac qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng vi sinh v\u1eadt trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0y qua gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p; v\u00e0 (3) qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh. Long Th\u1ecd trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu Th\u01b0<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Suhrl-lekha<\/em>) {<em>L\u00e1 Th\u01b0 cho B\u1ea1n<\/em>}c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[29]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ee9c \u0103n nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ecd th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf hay tham luy\u1ebfn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec \u00e1m \u1ea3nh hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nu\u00f4i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>d<\/strong>)<strong>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tinh t\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 tr\u00e1i gi\u1edd v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00fang trong khi ng\u1ee7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>B\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu Th\u01b0:<strong>[30]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1edfi Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1eefu l\u00fd, sau khi t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c nguy\u00ean ng\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam th\u00e2u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y ng\u1ee7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1edb xin \u0111\u1eebng ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m ngay c\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNguy\u00ean ng\u00e0y\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n. [67] V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi ng\u1ed3i hay \u0111\u1ee9ng, h\u00e3y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o t\u00e2m trong s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i.[31]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thay v\u00ec \u0111i ng\u1ee7. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 ra c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1edd kh\u1eafc gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong khi ng\u1ee7 x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eebng xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ban ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c; r\u1ed3i h\u00e3y \u0111i ng\u1ee7 khi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nu\u00f4i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd th\u00edch \u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i tinh t\u1ea5n hoan h\u1ef7[32]&nbsp;khi t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi \u0111i ng\u1ee7, khi ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u00f2ng thi\u1ec1n, vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 r\u1eeda ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. R\u1ed3i, n\u1eb1m nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i l\u00ean ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 ng\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed. Sao l\u1ea1i ng\u1ee7 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf n\u1eb1m c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u1eed, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u00fac v\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u1eed l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, t\u1ef1 tin, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tinh t\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hoan h\u1ef7 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec thay v\u00ec ng\u1ee7 s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 khi ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i s\u1ebd ng\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ng\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7, th\u1ea7n, hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai qu\u1ea9n quanh v\u1edbi tham luy\u1ebfn, b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng, \u00edt l\u00f2ng ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m[33]&nbsp;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c th\u00ec n\u1eb1m ng\u1ee7 nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 tay ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 con s\u01b0 t\u1eed ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf th\u1ebf ch\u01a1i v\u01a1i. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m. Gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ng\u1ee7 theo c\u00e1c th\u1ebf c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng khi v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7:<br>(1)&nbsp;<em>\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng<\/em>: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u00e1nh \u0111\u00e8n v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ng\u1ee7 trong khi t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3. [68] Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi \u0111i v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ta.<br>(2)&nbsp;<em>Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/em>: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 do \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111i v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7. B\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u1ee7, t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ta c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 khi ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u1ee7.<br>(3)&nbsp;<em>T\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/em>: Khi nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng ngay v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb ch\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn ch\u00fang.<br>(4)&nbsp;<em>\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c<\/em>&nbsp;\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfm ng\u1ef1. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u1ee7 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con nai, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7y hoan h\u1ef7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 qu\u00e1 l\u1ed1. Th\u1ee9 hai, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u00c0! T\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m&nbsp;[34]&nbsp;nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y\u201d, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c l\u1edbn t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y. Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, c\u00e1ch ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xa v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a con s\u01b0 t\u1eed m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y. Th\u1ee9 ba, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u201cV\u00ec t\u00f4i hoan h\u1ef7 tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 h\u00f4m nay, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y mai\u201d. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n trong t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb qu\u00ean t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n, h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00fang t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ed1ng theo l\u1ed1i n\u00e0y khi \u0103n v\u00e0 khi ng\u1ee7 th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sai qu\u1ea5y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi ch\u1ee7 \u00fd theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y th\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 gi\u00fap qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ph\u00ed ph\u1ea1m th\u1eddi gian trong \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00f9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong, sau v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 khi tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c. [69] Ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-6\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA152&nbsp;<em>Yog\u0101-cary\u0101-bh\u016bmau-\u015br\u0101vaka-bh\u016bmi<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>\u015abh<\/em>) {t\u1ee9c&nbsp;<em>Du-gi\u00e0 H\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ecba Thanh V\u0103n \u0110\u1ecba lu\u1eadn<\/em>}<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;P5537: 58.4-58.5.8.&nbsp;<em>\u015ar\u0101vaka-bh\u016bmi<\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 13 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Yog\u0101-cary\u0101<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013<em>bh\u016bmi<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA153 Geahay Nawang Lhundup gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0 \u201cai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u v\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 cao si\u00eau \u2013 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nam, t\u00edn n\u1eef, dakas {Kh\u00f4ng H\u00e0nh Nam} v\u00e0 \u1e0d\u0101kin\u012b {Kh\u00f4ng H\u00e0nh N\u1eef} v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p cho gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. \u201cL\u00e0m theo\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]Theo l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama, th\u00ec c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n (nh\u00e2n) khi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu (hay nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh) l\u00e0 l\u00fd do tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t khi\u1ebfn x\u1ea3y ra h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 hay s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n (hay nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam v\u00e0o khi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y sinh h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00e1c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c (duy\u00ean) g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The Four Noble Truths<\/em>. His Holiness The Dalai Lama 14. Trans \u2013 Thupten Jinpa.Chapter 2. p 62. Thorsons.1997.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c H\u1ea1nh Nguy\u1ec7n Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n H\u00e1n v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn 10 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n. Trong lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef kh\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng th\u00e0nh 7. (Xem th\u00eam ph\u1ea9m Nh\u1eadp B\u1ea5t T\u01b0 Ngh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n H\u1ea1nh Nguy\u1ec7n,&nbsp;<em>Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/em>. Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed T\u1ecbnh D\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Tam T\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p S\u01b0. Truy c\u1eadp 18\/05\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.niemphat.net\/Kinh\/phamphohien.htm&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]BA154 Thi k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai thi k\u1ec7 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>bzang spyodsmon lam<\/em>(<em>Samantabhadra-cary\u0101-pra\u1e47idh\u0101na<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n H\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Nguy\u1ec7n<\/em>}) (c\u0169ng c\u00f2n mang t\u00ean&nbsp;<em>Vua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n<\/em>) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>Ga\u1e47\u1e0da-vy\u016bha<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/em>} (P761: 320.1.7-320.3.2), ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a<em>Buddh\u0101vata\u1e41saka-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101-vaipulya-s\u016btra<\/em>{<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh<\/em>}<em>.<\/em>&nbsp;Tsongkhapa ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i thi k\u1ec7, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]BA155&nbsp;<em>Mi yi seng ge,<\/em>&nbsp;s\u01b0 t\u1eed trong lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e2y \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]BA156&nbsp;<em>bZang spyod kyi \u2018grel pa bzhi\u2019i don bsdus nas brjed byang du byas pa<\/em>&nbsp;) (<em>Ghi ch\u00fa T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i trong B\u1ed1n Lu\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Kinh Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n<\/em>)<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;P5846: 89.4.5-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]BA157&nbsp;<em>Ibid.,<\/em>&nbsp;P5846: 89.5.6-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]BA158&nbsp;<em>Sugata<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>bde bar gshegs pa<\/em>)&nbsp;<em>l\u00e0<\/em>&nbsp;t\u1eeb ng\u1eef d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c cao nh\u1ea5t\u201d v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]Theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m 5 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi M\u1eadt ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh: gate gate p\u0101ragate p\u0101rasa\u1e43gate bodhi sv\u0101h\u0101 (theo \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama 14 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3ng th\u00ec c\u00e2u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i, \u0111i, \u0111i qua, \u0111i xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111i qua \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean kia b\u1edd gi\u00e1c&nbsp;<em>Discourse on the Heart Sutra<\/em>[DVD]. Dalai Lama. Beckmann Visual. 2006.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">gate \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch l\u0169y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">gate \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">p\u0101ragate \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tri ki\u1ebfn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">p\u0101rasa\u1e43gate \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">bodhi \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng b\u1eadc tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea7ng b\u1eadc cu\u1ed1i th\u00ec c\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f2n tu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1edf b\u1eadc cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 b\u1eadc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc (v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc \u2013 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh do ch\u00fa th\u00edch k\u1ebf bao g\u1ed3m Ph\u1eadt (1), Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c (2), c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111ang tu t\u1eadp (3), c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp (4), v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng hay ph\u00e0m phu (5))<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Essence of Heart Sutra<\/em>. His Holiness the Dalai Lama 14. D\u1ecbch Thupten Jinpa.Wisdom.2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA159 Kensur Yeshe Thupten gi\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t&nbsp;<em>c\u00e1c Thanh V\u0103n<\/em>, bao g\u1ed3m trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]BA160&nbsp;<em>bZang spyod kyi \u2018grel pa bzhi\u2019i don bsdus nas brjed byang du byas pa,<\/em>&nbsp;P5846: 92.2.3-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA161 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho th\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n. N\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ma\u1e47\u1e0dala bao g\u1ed3m trong ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, trong b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y theo \u2018Jam-dbyangs-bzhad-pa (mChan: 126.3) th\u00ec ma\u1e47\u1e0dala \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]BA162 B\u00e0i kinh n\u00e0y mang t\u00ean&nbsp;<em>Don chen po gsum la gsol ba \u2018debs pa<\/em>&nbsp;(C\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n cho ba \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef&nbsp;<em>bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/em>&nbsp;(hay&nbsp;<em>bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u)<\/em>&nbsp;\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c t\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh hay \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a chung v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh danh. V\u1ebf th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3: ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c (nh\u00e2n ng\u00e3) v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ph\u00e1p ng\u00e3). Ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u00e1n t\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 (t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh hay t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean) hai lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c hay c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u00e3 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA163 N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 quan v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (<em>yul gyi rnam pa<\/em>) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 v\u1ed1n \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 quan v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 (<em>yul can gyi rnam pa<\/em>): t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]<em>To\u00e0n t\u00e2m<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/em>&nbsp;\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00ean hay ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]BA164 Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;<em>pra\u1e47idh\u0101na-saptati-n\u0101ma-g\u0101th\u0101<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Th\u1ea5t Th\u1eadp Th\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec7n T\u1ee5ng \u2013<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3y M\u01b0\u01a1i H\u1ea1nh Nguy\u1ec7n K\u1ec7<\/em>} thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1&nbsp;<em>gZan-la-phan-pa\u2019i-dbyangs dGon-pa-pa<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0 \u0100rya\u015b\u016bra {Th\u00e1nh D\u0169ng} (Beresford 1979).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>[19]<\/strong>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng trong thi\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc. H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hay s\u1eafc n\u00e9t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi t\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i tr\u1ea1o c\u1eef, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng hay h\u0103ng h\u00e1i khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u1edfng ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n.&nbsp;<em>Trung B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Majjhima Nik\u0101ya<\/em>) b\u00e0i s\u1ed1 4 \u201cKinh S\u1ee3 H\u00e3i v\u00e0 Khi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea3m\u201d (Bhayabherava Sutta) c\u00f3 d\u1ea1y qua v\u1ec1 hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y.&nbsp;<em>Trung B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/em>. B\u00e0i s\u1ed1 4 \u201cKinh S\u1ee3 H\u00e3i v\u00e0 Khi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea3m\u201d. Th\u00edch Ch\u01a1n Thi\u1ec7n. Truy c\u1eadp 22\/06\/2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.buddhanet.net\/budsas\/uni\/u-kinh-trungbo\/trung-gg-004.htm. 2003&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]BA165 Chi ti\u1ebft trong ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c bi\u00ean t\u1eadp vi\u00ean th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]BA166 C\u1ea3m th\u1ecd hay th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m trong t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan {c\u0103n} (g\u1ed3m \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan), \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng {tr\u1ea7n}, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c {t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng} sinh kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1c quan v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. S\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m {s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n} g\u1ed3m 5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m: s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng (s\u1eafc), \u00e2m thanh (thanh), m\u00f9i th\u01a1m (h\u01b0\u01a1ng), v\u1ecb n\u1ebfm (vi), c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (x\u00fac) c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ph\u00e1p) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c {c\u00e1c c\u0103n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea7n l\u00e0m n\u1ea3y l\u00e0m ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 18 gi\u1edbi}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c&nbsp;<em>th\u1ee9c<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. Vij\u00f1\u0101na) (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng). T\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo Trung Qu\u00e1n t\u00f4ng, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c (skt. \u1e63a\u1e0d\u0101yatana) trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng theo n\u0103m c\u01a1 quan th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m l\u00e0 m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u00e0 x\u00fac gi\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn (nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m \u2013 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m) c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c (skt. cak\u1e63ur-vij\u00f1ana), nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c (skt. \u015brotra-vij\u00f1ana), t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c (skt. ghr\u0101\u1e47a-vij\u00f1ana), thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c (skt. jihva-vij\u00f1ana) v\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c (skt. k\u0101ya-vij\u00f1ana). Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c (skt. mano-vij\u00f1ana). S\u00e1u th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng (s\u1eafc), \u00e2m thanh (thanh), m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng (h\u01b0\u01a1ng), v\u1ecb n\u1ebfm (v\u1ecb), c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c (x\u00fac) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (ph\u00e1p) c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]Ph\u00f3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng hay t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra khi t\u00e2m nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 q uan th\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m) v\u00e0 li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai do thi\u1ebfu \u0111i c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn hay c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]Theo c\u00e1c trang Wikipedia v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, 12 lo\u1ea1i kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(skt.. s\u016btra) ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/em>, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi theo \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Tu-\u0111a-la<\/em>, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh ch\u00ednh Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Tr\u00f9ng T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. geya) ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>\u1ee8ng T\u1ee5ng<\/em>, g\u1ecdi theo \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>K\u00ec-d\u1ea1<\/em>, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng k\u1ec7 t\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Th\u1ee5 k\u00fd<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. vy\u0101kara\u1e47a), d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Hoa-gi\u00e0-la-na<\/em>, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi do Ph\u1eadt th\u1ee5 k\u00ed, ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn cho c\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed mai sau th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra\u2026;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>K\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. g\u0101th\u0101), c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>K\u00fd Ch\u00fa<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>Ph\u00fang T\u1ee5ng<\/em>, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i thi ca kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n xu\u00f4i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng), xem K\u1ec7;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(V\u00f4 v\u1ea5n)&nbsp;<em>T\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. ud\u0101na) ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>T\u00e1n Th\u00e1n Kinh<\/em>, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>\u01afu-\u0111\u00e0-na<\/em>, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. nid\u0101na) hay&nbsp;<em>Qu\u1ea3ng Thuy\u1ebft<\/em>, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Ni-\u0111\u00e0-na<\/em>, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean khi Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe ph\u00e1p\u2026;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Th\u00ed D\u1ee5<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. avad\u0101na) ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>Di\u1ec5n Thuy\u1ebft Gi\u1ea3i Ng\u1ed9 Kinh<\/em>, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>A-ba-\u0111\u00e0-n<\/em>a, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i kinh m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng th\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 g\u1ee3i m\u1edf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p Hi\u1ec7n<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. itiv\u1e5bttaka) ho\u1eb7c&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3n S\u1ef1 Kinh<\/em>, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Y-\u0111\u1ebf-m\u1ee5c-\u0111a-gi\u00e0<\/em>, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tu nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>B\u1ed5n Sinh Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. j\u0101taka), g\u1ecdi theo \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>X\u00e0-\u0111\u00e0-gi\u00e0<\/em>. Kinh k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng<\/em>&nbsp;hay&nbsp;<em>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1eb3ng<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. vaipulya, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>T\u00ec-ph\u1eadt-l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Hi Ph\u00e1p<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. adbhutadharma) ho\u1eb7c V\u1ecb T\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>A-ph\u00f9-\u0111\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1t-ma<\/em>, kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n, c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi k\u00ec di\u1ec7u, hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Lu\u1eadn Ngh\u1ecb<\/em>&nbsp;(skt. upade\u015ba), c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>C\u1eadn S\u1ef1 Th\u1ec9nh V\u1ea5n Kinh<\/em>. D\u1ecbch \u00e2m l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>\u01afu-ba-\u0111\u1ec1-x\u00e1<\/em>, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p v\u1edbi l\u00ed lu\u1eadn cho r\u00f5 ngay th\u1eb3ng, xi\u00ean v\u1eb9o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i ngo\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, tuy nhi\u00ean, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda b\u1ed9 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ba ph\u1ea7n 6., 7. v\u00e0 12. ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]BA167 \u2019Jam-dbyangs-bzhad-pa (mChan:135.5) li\u1ec7t k\u00ea n\u0103m n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed7 b\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u, nh\u00e0 th\u1ed5, l\u00f2 s\u00e1t sanh x\u1ea5u, cung \u0111i\u1ec7n vua, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 s\u00e1t sanh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]Thi\u1ec1n, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a chung c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u2013&nbsp;<em>thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>&nbsp;(hay thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 skt. sam\u0101dhi) v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n<\/em>(hay minh s\u00e1t hay ph\u00e2n t\u00edch skt. vipa\u015byan\u0101). Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u, thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp b\u00ecnh l\u1eb7ng hay nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c) trong l\u00fac v\u1eabn gi\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 (hay tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c). Trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt. Hai nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong thi\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. Theo b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng&nbsp;<em>A Survey of the Paths of Tibetan Buddhism<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama v\u00e0o 1988 t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n-\u0111\u00f4n Anh qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng&nbsp;<em>Concentration<\/em>&nbsp;&lt; http:\/\/www.lamayeshe.com&gt;. Truy c\u1eadp 22\/05\/2011<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xem b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Tu\u1ec7 Uy\u1ec3n. Truy c\u1eadp 22\/05\/2011.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.thuvienhoasen.org\/D_1-2_2-81_5-50_6-5_17-241_14-1_15-1_4-7661\/&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong quy\u1ec3n ba c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa s\u1ebd d\u1ea1y r\u00f5 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]Theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Ph\u00e1i Gelug c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u0103ng ni th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bu\u1ed5i \u0103n t\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[28]BA168 Vaidya 1960b: 72; P5336: 216.5.7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[29]BA169&nbsp;<em>Suhrl-lekha: 38;<\/em>&nbsp;P5682: 236.2.3-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[30]BA170&nbsp;<em>Ibid.:<\/em>&nbsp;39;P5682: 236.2.4-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[31]BA171 Ibid: 44 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 n\u0103m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i {ng\u0169 tri\u1ec1n c\u00e1i}: ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc, \u00e1c t\u00e2m, thi\u1ebfu sinh l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n ng\u1ee7, \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nghi ng\u1edd. {Xem th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft trong&nbsp;<em>Kinh T\u0103ng Chi B\u1ed9<\/em>&nbsp;Ph\u1ea9m \u0110o\u1ea1n Tri\u1ec1n C\u00e1i. Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u d\u1ecbch. Truy c\u1eadp: 15\/012012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.daophatngaynay.com\/vn\/kinh-dien\/pali\/3590-Kinh-Tang-Chi-Bo-Chuong-I-Pham-doan-trien-cai-Phan-tich.html&gt;}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[32]BA172 Hai lo\u1ea1i tinh t\u1ea5n hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7 tinh t\u1ea5n h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (rtag sbyor) v\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7 tinh t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7y k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng (gus sbyor). Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i hai l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o hoan h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tinh t\u1ea5n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[33]BA173 \u2018 Jam-dbyangs-bzhad-pa (mchan:141.2-3) cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 l\u00e0 \u00fap m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng, th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh ng\u1ee7 n\u1eb1m ng\u1eeda, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u tham luy\u1ebfn ng\u1ee7 nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 b\u00ean tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[34]BA174 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y trong Ganden Bar Nying (33a.2) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0<em>mi nyal ba,<\/em>\u00a0t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 mChan (142.4). \u0110\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0<em>nyal stangs theo nh\u01b0 trong LRCM<\/em>\u00a0(<em>68.11<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6:&nbsp;B\u00e1c B\u1ecf Quan Ni\u1ec7m Sai L\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. B\u00e1c B\u1ecf Quan Ni\u1ec7m Sai L\u1ea7m V\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ed5 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u1ebf n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0i nghi sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ho\u00e0i nghi<\/em>: Khi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng l\u00fac nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 suy nghi\u1ec7m. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ra Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m s\u1ebd n\u1eafm b\u00e1m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u {bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng} c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p<\/em>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00fd lu\u1eadn {l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn sai l\u1ea1c} kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd g\u00ec c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, b\u1edfi v\u00ec theo&nbsp;<em>Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Trang Nghi\u00eam&nbsp;<\/em>c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Di-l\u1eb7c:[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 si\u00eau ph\u00e0m, v\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y th\u1ea5y th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9c Di-l\u1eb7c d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi sinh b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 h\u00e3y tu h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 tu h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3, \u0111ang h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 v\u1ed1n qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m tu t\u1eadp theo lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec v\u00e0 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd n\u1eefa, h\u00e3y l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch {thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n} v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch {thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9} nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec thi\u1ec1n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh tu t\u1eadp t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi khi l\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t l\u00faa m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u00faa m\u1ea1ch\u201d. [70]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf thi\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, thi\u1ec1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb. B\u1ec1 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, trong khi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu th\u00ec t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eebng c\u00e1c sai l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n:<\/em>&nbsp;Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qua h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u00fd cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec1n, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 cao ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 x\u00f3a \u0111i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi thi\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh d\u00e1ng nhau, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t con ng\u1ef1a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ua n\u00e0y v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ch\u1ea1y thi \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ua kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ba lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7[2]&nbsp;theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, m\u00e0 v\u1ed1n theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3, hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a \u201cH\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi du h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ea1ng hay m\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n t\u1eadp chi c\u1ea3; v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi hay nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Th\u00f3i quen l\u1ea7m l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. [71]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 qua thi\u1ec1n? N\u1ebfu v\u1eady, th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ed1n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c an \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n.[3]&nbsp;V\u00ec, c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 tri ki\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec1n [s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p] v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.[4]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong&nbsp;<em>Minh C\u00fa Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/em>&nbsp;{skt.&nbsp;<em>Prasphu\u1e6dapad\u0101<\/em>} c\u1ee7a Dharmamitra {t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a Ph\u00e1p T\u00fa}:[5]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThi\u1ec1n\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e2m ta v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u201cthi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb bi\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 t\u00edn t\u00e2m\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f4i khi d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cl\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n\u201d, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u201ct\u1ea1o duy\u00ean\u201d {t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n} nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Di-l\u1eb7c trong&nbsp;<em>Hi\u1ec7n Qu\u00e1n Trang Nghi\u00eam Lu\u1eadn<\/em>[6]&nbsp;\u201cl\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tri ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n {t\u1ea1o duy\u00ean}\u201d. T\u1ea1o duy\u00ean v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Di-L\u1eb7c c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[7]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn,[8]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tri ki\u1ebfn {ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o} v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n {thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o}[9]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy x\u00e9t th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ee9c Di-l\u1eb7c c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u00e0 suy x\u00e9t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 soi s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi khi cho r\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng tr\u00e1i nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 \u201c thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m tin\u201d \u201c thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 t\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u201d&nbsp;[10]&nbsp;v\u00e0 \u201c thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5\u201d. Ng\u00e0i T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean trong cu\u1ed1n&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp[11]&nbsp;\u201cT\u00f4i s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c thi k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o duy\u00ean cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c) t\u00f4i\u201d. Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 giai tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong hai b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n. [72] Ngo\u00e0i ra,&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadn<\/em>c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft[12]&nbsp;\u201cDo \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y thi\u1ec1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a, hay n\u00e2ng cao c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n hay ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u\u201d. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eebng nh\u00ecn \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh danh {s\u1ef1 d\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m hay c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean} \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn t\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xem tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ha-shang[13]&nbsp;m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec Trung Hoa. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng s\u00e2u xa \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng kinh v\u0103n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, trong khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ha-shang cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong l\u00fac h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a suy tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ea5n:<\/em>&nbsp;Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n: thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin: v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0; th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn lao trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5m nh\u1eadp s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean; v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng; v\u00e0o nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3; v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i; v\u00e0 v\u00e0o B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1edfi v\u00ec thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. [73] Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ea7m l\u1ea1c ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tham luy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tham luy\u1ebfn m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 h\u1eadn kinh kh\u1ee7ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 [s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3, .v..v..] b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 m\u00ecnh mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong khi c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 an \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y h\u1ecd n\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 {b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n thi\u1ec1n}. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y sau, trong ph\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n d\u00e1m c\u1ed5 s\u00fay \u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. C\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n an \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 hai. H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n an \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thanh th\u1ea3n, trong khi thi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u00edn t\u00e2m m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, trong c\u1ea3 hai kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 suy x\u00e9t th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu hay kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u00edt tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, th\u00ec r\u1ed3i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 gia t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp, b\u1edf\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng {c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p}. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 M\u0101t\u1e5bce\u1e6da[14]&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cnh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed[15]&nbsp;l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7\u201d. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, h\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea5u x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111i sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu, n\u00ean cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111i n\u1eefa, s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u0169ng b\u1ecb che m\u1edd \u0111i v\u00ec s\u1ef1 l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ch\u1eadm \u0111i trong vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hay nh\u1eadn th\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7aTam B\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y ..v.v\u2026 [74]. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u sai l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t l\u1edbn lao v\u00e0 \u1ea3o m\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tan bi\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u1edbi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd tinh t\u1ea5n t\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. D\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9 ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a v\u00e0 ..v..v\u2026 \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng t\u00edn t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lay chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn lao, t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hoan h\u1ef7. B\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 tr\u00ean tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00ean \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh {thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c} ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 v\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m chao \u0111\u1ea3o r\u1eddi xa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ea5n:<\/em>&nbsp;N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3 trong thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ng\u0103n tr\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n duy nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb toan th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t n\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong khi c\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, th\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u1eadp trung nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 ti\u00ean phong. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111i \u0111\u1ed1t l\u1ea1i v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c trong l\u1eeda r\u1ed3i r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 thanh l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c v\u1ebft d\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n th\u1eeba. V\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n n\u1eafn. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i trang s\u1ee9c n\u00e0o m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u00f4ng tai. [75]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u1edfi sanh t\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o {phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p}, c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3 khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i t\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng hay l\u00e0m tan \u1ea3o m\u1ed9ng. Mang nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb quay l\u01b0ng \u0111i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 x\u00f3a tan \u0111i c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o n\u00e0y, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1t v\u00e0ng trong l\u1eeda. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Tam B\u1ea3o, thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u201cth\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm\u201d hay trong s\u00e1ng[16]. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 khi r\u1eeda v\u00e0ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. mang \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ni\u1ec1m h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm \u0111\u1ea7y thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, h\u00e3y t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecbnh hay tu\u1ec7 t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n \u2013 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3ng r\u1eb1ng:[17]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 b\u1ea1c hay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tinh khi\u1ebft b\u1ea1c hay v\u00e0ng l\u1ea5y h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 v\u1ebft d\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u1eb7n th\u1eeba, h\u1ecd nung ch\u00fang trong l\u1eeda v\u00e0 r\u1eeda b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt trang s\u1ee9c th\u1ebf n\u00e0y hay th\u1ebf kia b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ec5 u\u1ed1n n\u1eafn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. R\u1ed3i th\u00ec, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e9o tay \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 \u2013 th\u1ee3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o \u2013 v\u1edbi d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kim lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i n\u1eef trang n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n qua vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m hay phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 tham \u0111\u1eafm. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ni\u1ec1m hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n qua vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 qua vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c trong nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. [76] Khi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng chao \u0111\u1ed9ng hay kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n, tr\u1edf n\u00ean li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 an tr\u1ee5 l\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn trong v\u00f2ng n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh hay tu\u1ec7. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed[18] l\u00e0 hai b\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf v\u1ecb th\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1eefng ch\u00e3i l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u00e0i l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a Tam B\u1ea3o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m. Nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u cho h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u00e0i l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1o c\u1eef. Nhi\u1ec1u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca t\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u cho tr\u1ea1o c\u1eef b\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u1ea1o c\u1eef ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xao l\u00e3ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c li\u00ean can \u0111\u1ebfn tham ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m v\u1eeba \u00fd c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp \u2013 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb t\u00edn t\u00e2m v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh sau khi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eef, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n. Do v\u1eady, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba \u0111\u00e3 trao xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n {gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n bi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n} chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf m\u1ed9t tri ki\u1ebfn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng soi r\u1ecdi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n bi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c phong ph\u00fa h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u00e2m trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch l\u1eafng nghe. L\u1eddi x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1eadt. [77] V\u00ec th\u1ebf, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang khi n\u00f3i \u201cB\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ec1n\u201d, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn th\u00f4i, v\u00ec c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u201cm\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh\u201d, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch mang t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec trong thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n bi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng. Khi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec tr\u00ean thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 kinh th\u1eeba l\u1eabn m\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 v\u1ed1n h\u1ecd h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u sai l\u1ea1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean. Hu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 chi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c kinh t\u1ea1ng? V\u00ec th\u1ebf cho n\u00ean, th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec s\u1ee3 d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-7\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA175 MSA; P5521:3.3.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA176 Ba lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t sinh (1) t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi, (2) t\u1eeb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 (3) t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n {c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u0103n, t\u01b0 v\u00e0 tu}.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]BA177 \u201ctruy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d m\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ee9c an \u0111\u1ecbnh {b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n} thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fa t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA178 Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u201cph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p do thi\u1ec1n\u201d&nbsp;<em>bsgoms byung<\/em>&nbsp;, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng Ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh cao \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f5i s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh di\u1ec7u h\u1ea3o trong c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi; ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh di\u1ec7u h\u1ea3o do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]BA179&nbsp;<em>Abhisamay\u0101-la\u1e45k\u0101ra-praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramitopade\u015ba-\u015b\u0101stra-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101-prasphu\u1e6da-pad\u0101-n\u0101ma,<\/em>{<em>Hi\u1ec7n Qu\u00e1n Trang nghi\u00eam B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/em>} P5194:104.1.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6](180) AA: 4; P5184: 6.3.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7](181) Ibid: 4.53; P5184: 6.3.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]BA182&nbsp;<em>Nirveda-bhagiya<\/em>&nbsp;(c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u\u201d) l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i: L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tri ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 hai trong n\u0103m nh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o. Theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n nh\u00e1nh, c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m n\u0103m c\u1ea5p tu t\u1eadp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e2u ch\u00fa trong B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a T\u00e2m Kinh bao g\u1ed3m: (1)&nbsp;<em>gate<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u00edch l\u0169y hay t\u00edch l\u0169y \u0111\u1ea1o; (2)&nbsp;<em>gate<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb hay gia h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o; (3) p\u00e0ragate \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tri ki\u1ebfn hay ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o; (4) p\u00e0rasa\u1e43gate \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n hay tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o; v\u00e0 (5) bodhi \u2013 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc hay v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00e2u ch\u00fa P\u00e0ragate P\u00e0rasa\u1e43gate Bodhi sv\u00e0h\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch T\u00e2m Kinh l\u00e0: Y\u1ebft-\u0111\u1ebf, y\u1ebft-\u0111\u1ebf, ba-la-y\u1ebft-\u0111\u1ebf, ba-la-t\u0103ng-y\u1ebft-\u0111\u1ebf, B\u1ed3-\u0111\u00ea-t\u00e1t b\u00e0-ha. Xem th\u00eam:&nbsp;<em>How to Practice<\/em>. P202-3. C6. Dalai Lama. Jeffrey Hopkins trans. Pocket Books. 2002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u1eeb, bi, h\u1ef7, x\u1ea3. T\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u00ea t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA183 BCA: 1.2d; and Ss,P5336: 183.4.8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]BA184 \u015as: 4; P5336: 188.4.8-188.5.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]T\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 M\u1eabu H\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u phi\u00ean \u00e2m th\u00e0nh Ma-h\u00fd-l\u00fd-ch\u1ebf-tra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]Hay To\u00e0n tr\u00ed l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA185 Loch\u00f6 Rimpochey ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3ng r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 d\u1ee5ng (\u201cserviceable\u201d \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n ho\u00e1 theo \u00fd) v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t d\u1ee5ng (\u201cpliant\u201d \u2013 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo, uy\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n, linh ho\u1ea1t, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u2013 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>khinh an<\/em>). Xem quy\u1ec3n 3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]BA186 \u015abh, P5537: 108.5.7-109.1.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u00e2m thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean xao l\u00e3ng, l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c t\u1eadp trung, ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 hay \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i t\u0103m kh\u00f4ng sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eef l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00e2m thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng hay qu\u00e1 c\u0103ng ch\u1eb7t, b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp chi ti\u1ebft trong quy\u1ec3n 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7:&nbsp;M\u1ed9t Ki\u1ebfp Ng\u01b0\u1eddi An l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B. Nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c sau khi h\u1ecd n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. S\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) An l\u1ea1c<br>2) Thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) N\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n qu\u00fd v\u1ecb<br>b) N\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<br>c. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">********************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0o v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>B. Nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c sau khi h\u1ecd n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7)<br>2. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. S\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3ng theo ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh: nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean; qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3; v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;An l\u1ea1c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t Thi\u00ean B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1eadp K\u1ec7<\/em>:[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1edd gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u01a1i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng an vui<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t s\u00fac sinh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u01a1i lu\u00f4n \u1edf trong an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, an l\u1ea1c ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c. T\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu Th\u01b0:<strong>[2]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1i sinh v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn hay thi\u1ebfu l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc \u0110i\u1ec1u Ng\u1ef1,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t s\u00fac sinh, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7, m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf c\u00f5i bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t k\u1ebb d\u1ed1t v\u00e0 m\u00f9, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n[3]&nbsp;tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd [78]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec1u b\u1ecb kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn an l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i h\u00e3y n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi ba trong s\u1ed1 t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec: sinh ra \u1edf c\u00f5i bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 [c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng, ni, sa-di, sa-di-ni] kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p; b\u1ecb c\u00e2m, d\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1c quan kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi, tai, v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh; v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc \u0110i\u1ec1u Ng\u1ef1, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sinh ra \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3n sinh. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb mang t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 Tam B\u1ea3o, nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t trong ba c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fat \u00edt th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Th\u00e2n H\u1eefu Th\u01b0 Th\u00edch<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Vyakta-pad\u0101-suh\u1e5bl-lekha-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101<\/em>) c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7[4]&nbsp;{skt. Mahmati} di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd l\u00e0 ch\u00fang sinh v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t {v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng}[5]v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u00e1t B\u1ea5t L\u1ea1c Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;{ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 T\u00e1m \u0110i\u1ec1u Ki\u1ec7n Thi\u1ebfu An L\u1ea1c} (<em>a\u1e63\u1e6d\u0101k\u1e63a\u1e47a-kath\u0101<\/em>) c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i M\u00e3 Minh[6]&nbsp;di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh s\u1ed1ng trong d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tham d\u1ee5c l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n t\u00e2m. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p B\u00e1u Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thi\u00ean v\u1ed1n v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u1edf m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 {t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n}[7]. C\u00f5i n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 an tr\u00fa th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c.[8]&nbsp;H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc theo sau s\u1ef1 sinh ra v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Sau c\u00f9ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng th\u1ecd trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Vi\u1ec7c cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc s\u1ebd \u1edf trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu an l\u1ea1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra trong c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc s\u1ebd \u1edf trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu an l\u1ea1c v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thi\u00ean trong d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c.[9]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu an l\u1ea1c\u201d, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Th\u00e2n H\u1eefu Th\u01b0 Th\u00edch&nbsp;<\/em>n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede trong t\u00e1m tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian cho nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh; v\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu an l\u1ea1c\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;Thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;N\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n qu\u00fd v\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Thanh V\u0103n \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn<\/em>, n\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh l\u00e0:[11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, mang nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin t\u1eeb c\u0103n nguy\u00ean. [79]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf n\u01a1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7. \u201cC\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ngu d\u1ed1t hay c\u00e2m, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chi ch\u00ednh, chi ph\u1ee5, m\u1eaft, tai, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n. \u201cMang nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m hay khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m n\u0103m t\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.[12]&nbsp;\u201cNi\u1ec1m tin t\u1eeb c\u0103n nguy\u00ean\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c sinh kh\u1edfi m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \u201cgi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt\u201d \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tam t\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n. N\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n qu\u00fd v\u1ecb\u201d b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;N\u0103m kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 duy\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y l\u00e0:[13]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp theo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3, \u201cm\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n\u201d, (ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111ang t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 si\u00eau ph\u00e0m trong ba a-t\u0103ng-k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebfp, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. \u201cGi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt hay nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111ang truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. \u201cGi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt n\u00e0y nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1c t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n si\u00eau ph\u00e0m t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu. \u201cC\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp theo\u201d gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua tri ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p si\u00eau ph\u00e0m, t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y tu\u00e2n theo gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c theo s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u201cC\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c\u201d n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ban t\u1eb7ng c\u00e1c t\u0103ng y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. B\u1edfi n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 duy\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ed1n kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 duy\u00ean li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Thanh V\u0103n \u0110\u1ecba<\/em>)<em><strong>[14]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t \u1edf m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a ba trong s\u1ed1 b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u2013 g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 tu\u00e2n theo gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ec gi\u1eef \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. [80]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t ni\u1ec1m vui. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u00ec m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t con v\u1eadt d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u1edf c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Nh\u01b0 trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ec7 T\u1eed Th\u01b0<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>\u015ai\u1e63ya-lekha<\/em>) c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Nguy\u1ec7t Quan:[15]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n voi \u0111ang th\u00e8m \u0103n ng\u1ed1n ng\u1ea5u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng c\u1ecdng c\u1ecf \u1edf b\u1edd r\u00eca c\u1ee7a h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1eady cho ai th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m vui th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ee7 cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00f3i chung ho\u1eb7c tu t\u1eadp con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ec7 T\u1eed Th\u01b0:<strong>[16]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mang l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u01a1i d\u1eabn d\u1eaft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3ng, a-tu-la, Minh Tr\u00ec, Ca-l\u00e2u-la, phi nh\u00e2n,[17]&nbsp;hay r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp Thai Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[18]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho d\u00f9 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi v\u00f4 v\u00e0n \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong m\u01b0\u1eddi tri\u1ec7u ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eefa. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb thi\u00ean ch\u1ebft, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb thi\u00ean kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u1ea7u ch\u00fac ng\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d. S\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y h\u00e0m \u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean c\u0169ng xem ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd \u01b0\u1edbc mong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n trong c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c \u2013 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh do \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y khi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 trong su\u1ed1t ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi [thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi] cao h\u01a1n[19]. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n trong c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu an l\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u1ed1i cao \u0111\u1ec3 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf B\u1eafc-c\u00e2u-l\u01b0 Ch\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n, n\u00ean ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf ba ch\u00e2u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1n th\u00e1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2u n\u00e0y th\u00ec ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00f5i Di\u00eam\u2013ph\u00f9-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1n th\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do v\u1eady, h\u00e3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec sao t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u n\u00e0y trong m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Khi t\u00f4i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u00f4i \u0111ang t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. [81] Li\u1ec7u c\u00f2n g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1i d\u1ed9t h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y? Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng v\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee9ng cheo leo \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t an, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb m\u00ea m\u1ea9n b\u1edfi m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7y ma l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Th\u00e1nh D\u0169ng {skt. \u0100rya\u015b\u016bra} n\u00f3i:[20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi gieo h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 ra kh\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 huy ho\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u00f3 \u0111i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>:[21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u chi d\u1ed1i g\u1ea1t h\u01a1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i h\u01a1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4i \u0111i t\u00ecm ra an l\u1ea1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i qua m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110au kh\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o l\u00fac t\u1eed th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi th\u00e2n t\u00f4i b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1eadt l\u00e2u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1eefa h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn b\u00f9ng l\u00ean m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 t\u00e2m t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ebfm v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do may m\u1eafn n\u00e0o t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c s\u00e2u,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hoang mang tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eddi ma thu\u1eadt,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec trong t\u00f4i khi\u1ebfn g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Geshe Drom-d\u00f6n-ba \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi Jen-nga: \u201cNg\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00fa cho m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean?\u201d Jen-nga \u0111\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng: \u201cM\u1ed7i khi nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n, con \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ee5ng r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1edd t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i s\u1ebd lao xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ef1c th\u1eb3m v\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i ai s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng t\u00f4i ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2y?\u201d [82]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, Jen-nga \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng.[22]&nbsp;Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, xem x\u00e9t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ec ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao [t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eddi]. H\u00e3y t\u01b0 duy nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc [c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 to\u00e0n tr\u00ed]. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 gieo nh\u00e2n cho hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u quay v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi tay kh\u00f4ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh n\u00e0o t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Th\u00e1nh D\u0169ng n\u00f3i:[23]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u trong \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qua t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd, nay v\u00f4 minh m\u00ea l\u1ea1c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nhoi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i mai \u0111\u00e2y trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp v\u1ecb lai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia t\u1eeb n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u00e2u ng\u1ecdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ed7ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u0169 v\u1edbi tay kh\u00f4ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp nh\u00e2n sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sao c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi\u1ebfu ph\u00fac h\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ec9 g\u00e1nh kh\u1ed5 \u0111au th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 d\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh n\u00e0o cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0o l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi t\u01b0 duy nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, h\u00e3y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng \u01b0\u1edbc mong m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean n\u00e0y. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn:<strong>[24]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e2n t\u00f4i gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i khai th\u00e1c n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu th\u00e2n kia kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng cung ph\u1ee5ng g\u00ec cho n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ta<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y t\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u1ed5 \u1ea3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t l\u1ea1i con thuy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eebng m\u00ea ng\u1ee7 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, k\u1ebb ng\u1ed1c \u1ea1!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Bo-do-wa \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i&nbsp;<em>C\u00e1c Kho T\u00e0ng B\u1ea3o Ph\u00e1p Qua Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ef1:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, k\u1ebb thi\u1ebfu ch\u00e2n c\u01b0\u1ee1i m\u1ed9t con l\u1eeba hoang, con c\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Tsang (rTsang), v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i banh b\u1eb1ng b\u01a1 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb b\u1ed9t l\u00faa m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbng.[25]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 \u01b0\u1edbc mong t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean. [83]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, d\u00f9 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac hay kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Gi\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p<\/em><em><strong>[26]<\/strong><\/em>{<em>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/em>} r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ai ch\u1ebft trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i trong \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u bao la, trong khi nh\u1eefng ai t\u00e1i sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i tr\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f3ng tay. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng ai ch\u1ebft \u0111i trong c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac [ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u1eddi] v\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i trong \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u bao la, trong khi nh\u1eefng ai ch\u1ebft \u0111i trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i tr\u00ean t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ea5n<\/em>: V\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p<\/em>: \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u2013 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u2013 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00fang tay v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e8n m\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. B\u1edfi v\u1eady n\u00ean h\u1ecd b\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5. Nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng&nbsp;<\/em>c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u00e1nh Thi\u00ean:[27]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u1edbn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tham gia c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c h\u00e8n m\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ph\u00e0m phu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1eafn ch\u1eafn \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00f5i kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0, d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u1ed5i l\u00f2ng s\u00e2n h\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecda trong V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n \u0110\u1ecba Ng\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1edfi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecda v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 trong nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ebfu trong d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ghi kh\u1eafc t\u1eadp kh\u00ed {d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft} nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed3ng qua nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp kh\u00ed n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y x\u00f3a b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0m tan bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y t\u00e1i sinh \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ebfm hoi. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5. M\u1ed9t khi \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cnh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d trong nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng! V\u00ec v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn:<strong>[28]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh. [84]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp thi h\u00e0nh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao t\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea7y m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ea1i t\u00edch t\u1ed9i s\u00e2u d\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec sao t\u00f4i nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi ph\u00fac h\u1ea1nh\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 r\u00f9a bi\u1ec3n tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eb7t c\u1ed5 ngay v\u00e0o \u00e1ch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ed1n tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i b\u1ed3ng b\u1ec1nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi sai l\u1ea7m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi\u1ebfn l\u00e2m Ng\u1ee5c V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e0i l\u00e2u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00f5i ph\u00fac<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi t\u1ed9i ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ea5n<\/em>: Khi t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u1eb9p tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Do v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p<\/em>: Trong khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Do \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5. V\u00ec l\u1ebd n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn:<strong>[29]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec l\u00fac n\u1ebfm h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng kh\u00e1t khao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u00e3y t\u01b0 duy r\u1eb1ng: \u201cN\u1ebfu t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c sai tr\u00e1i th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu Th\u01b0&nbsp;<\/em>c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd:[30]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp s\u00fac sinh c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea7u ch\u00fa r\u00f9a bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u00e1ch tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng bao la,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, vua c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00e3y khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qua c\u00e1ch tu t\u1eadp gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u sai tr\u00e1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1ea1i h\u01a1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u1ebb n\u00f4n v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ec7 T\u1eed<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Th\u01b0<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Nguy\u1ec7t Quan n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[31]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 c\u00f3,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u01a1i truy t\u1ea7m [85]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3[32]&nbsp;\u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Jen-nga: \u201cH\u00e3y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u00edt\u201d. Jen-nga th\u01b0a r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean n\u00e0y th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t\u201d. Bo-do-wa n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Pen-bo (Tan [po]) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh l\u0169y l\u1edbn t\u00ean l\u00e0 May-cha-kar (rMa\u2019i-phyva-mkhar). Th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i n\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng l\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb d\u1eb1n v\u1eb7t b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t th\u00e0nh l\u0169y n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nghe ai \u0111\u00f3 la l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTh\u00e0nh l\u0169y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i\u201d, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u1ed9p l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc gi\u00e1o; do kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 k\u00e9o l\u00ea th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh \u0111i nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc gi\u00e1o; \u00f4ng k\u00eau l\u00ean: \u201cTh\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t bi\u1ebft bao n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh l\u0169y May-cha-kar kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1!\u201d T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ni\u1ec1m h\u00e2n hoan nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed7i kh\u00e1t khao \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1eb1m t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) nhu c\u1ea7u tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh ch\u1ec9 mong mu\u1ed1n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eeb \u0111au kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2) kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tu t\u1eadp, b\u1edfi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00fa cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3) nhu c\u1ea7u tu t\u1eadp trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, b\u1edfi n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng tu t\u1eadp, th\u00ec s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi sau; v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4) nhu c\u1ea7u tu t\u1eadp ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, v\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c khi n\u00e0o qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 ba ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c mu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb b\u1ecf b\u1edfi \u00fd ngh\u0129: \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd tu t\u1eadp gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp v\u1ecb lai\u201d. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat lui b\u1edfi \u00fd ngh\u0129: \u201cD\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i n\u00ean tu t\u1eadp trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, th\u00ec c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1edbm tu t\u1eadp trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ed9p chung hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cnhanh ch\u00f3ng tu t\u1eadp\u201d. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 sau; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean n\u00e0y t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u00ean tr\u00ean. [86] N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh ba ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1: b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0o b\u00ean tr\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec1u sau. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng quan, ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt thanh t\u1ecbnh, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 khi ch\u1ebft t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n tinh khi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chung, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 sau. So v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang sinh trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u2013 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u2013 th\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang sinh trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u2013 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u2013 th\u00ec m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t an l\u1ea1c r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm hoi. H\u00e3y thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Geshe D\u00f6l-wa v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a theo gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, h\u00e3y n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-8\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA187&nbsp;<em>Ratna-gu\u1e47a-sa\u00f1caya-g\u0101th\u0101,&nbsp;<\/em>Conze 1973:32.2; P735:192.2.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA188&nbsp;<em>Suh\u1e5bl-lekha&nbsp;<\/em>63-64; P5682: 236.5.2-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef thi\u00ean, th\u1ea7n, th\u00e1nh hay tr\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c c\u00f5i cao h\u01a1n c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA189&nbsp;<em>Vyakta-pad\u0101-suh\u1e5bl-lekha-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101,&nbsp;<\/em>P5690: 264.3.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]V\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t (tib. \u0f60\u0f51\u0f74\u0f0b\u0f64\u0f7a\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f7a\u0f58\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f45\u0f53) hay v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong T\u1ee9 Thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]BA190&nbsp;<em>A\u1e63\u1e6d\u0101k\u1e63a\u1e47a-kath\u0101 ,&nbsp;<\/em>P5423:103,234.4.8-234.5.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c c\u00f5i thi\u00ean (hay c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi) t\u1eeb d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. S\u00e1u c\u00f5i thi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi g\u1ed3m: (1) T\u1ee9 thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng (skt. c\u0101turmah\u0101r\u0101jika); (2) \u0110ao l\u1ee3i hay Tam th\u1eadp tam thi\u00ean (skt. trayastri\u1e43\u015ba); (3) D\u1ea1-ma thi\u00ean (skt. y\u0101madeva) ho\u1eb7c Tu-d\u1ea1-ma thi\u00ean (skt. suy\u0101ma); (4) \u0110\u00e2u-su\u1ea5t thi\u00ean (skt. tu\u1e63ita); (5) H\u00f3a l\u1ea1c thi\u00ean (skt. nirm\u0101\u1e47arati); (6) Tha h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i thi\u00ean (skt. paranirmitava\u015bavarti);<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b. C\u00e1c c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (kskt. r\u016bpaloka) c\u00f3 t\u1eeb s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b.1. S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 3 c\u00f5i: (1) Ph\u1ea1m th\u00e2n thi\u00ean (skt. brahmak\u0101yika); (2) Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean (skt. brahmapurohita); (3) \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean (skt. mah\u0101brahm\u0101)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b.2. Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 3 c\u00f5i: Thi\u1ec3u quang thi\u00ean (skt. par\u012btt\u0101bha); V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quang thi\u00ean (skt. apram\u0101\u1e47\u0101bha); C\u1ef1c quang t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean (skt. abh\u0101svara)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b.3. Tam thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 3 c\u00f5i: Thi\u1ec3u t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean (skt. par\u012btta\u015bubha); V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean (skt. apram\u0101\u1e47a\u015bubha); Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean (skt. \u015bubhak\u1e5btsna)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b.4. T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 10 c\u00f5i: (1) V\u00f4 v\u00e2n thi\u00ean (skt. anabhraka); (2) Ph\u00fac sinh thi\u00ean (skt. pu\u1e47yaprasava); (3) Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean hay \u0110\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean (skt. b\u1e5bhatphala); (4) V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean (skt. as\u0101\u1e43j\u00f1ika); (5) V\u00f4 phi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean (skt. av\u1e5bha); (6) V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec7t thi\u00ean (skt. atapa); (7) Thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn thi\u00ean (skt. sudar\u015bana); (8) S\u1eafc c\u1ee9u k\u00ednh thi\u00ean (skt. akani\u1e63\u1e6dha); (9) H\u00f2a \u00e2m thi\u00ean (skt. aghani\u1e63\u1e6dha); (10) \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i thi\u00ean (skt. mah\u0101mahe\u015bvara)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c. C\u00e1c c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 s\u1eafc (skt. ar\u016bpaloka) g\u1ed3m: Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 (skt. \u0101k\u0101\u015bananty\u0101yatana); Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 (skt. vij\u00f1\u0101nananty\u0101yatana); V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 (skt. \u0101ki\u1e43cany\u0101yatana); Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 (skt. naivasa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101-n\u0101sa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101yatana)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Tam gi\u1edbi<\/em>. Wikipedia.org. Truy c\u1eadp: 1\/2\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tam_gi%E1%BB%9Bi&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]BA191 \u0110\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 hay Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean (Skt.&nbsp;<em>V\u1e5btaphala<\/em>)l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m c\u00f5i \u1edf t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb thi\u00ean \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c b\u1edfi h\u1ecd \u0111ang trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbnh {hay v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh} (asa\u1e43j\u00f1isam\u0101patti<em>, \u2018du shes med pa\u2019i snyoms \u2018jug<\/em>)<em>,<\/em>&nbsp;g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 s\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng chi\u00eam bao c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh, v\u00e0 khi h\u1ecd s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]BA192 Ba-so-chos-kyi-rgyal-mtshan (<em>mChan:&nbsp;<\/em>158.2-3) lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa \u0111ang ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n trong c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]BA193&nbsp;<em>Vyakta-pad\u0101-suh\u1e5bl-lekha-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101,&nbsp;<\/em>P5690: 264.3.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA194 \u015abh, P5537:37.5.2-38.1.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]BA195 N\u0103m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ef1c \u00e1c nh\u01b0 gi\u1ebft cha, gi\u1ebft m\u1eb9, gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n, c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u, v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ly t\u00e1n trong T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA196 \u015abh, P5537:38.1.5-38.2.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]BA197 Ibid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]BA198&nbsp;<em>\u015ai\u1e63ya-lekha:&nbsp;<\/em>76 (Minareff: 1890); P5683: 240.2.8-240.3.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA199 Ibid., P5683: 240.1.1-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]BA200&nbsp;<em>N\u0101gas&nbsp;<\/em>(r\u1ed3ng \/ r\u1eafn) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng,&nbsp;<em>vidyadharas&nbsp;<\/em>(Minh Tr\u00ec) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef quy\u1ebfn r\u0169,&nbsp;<em>garudas<\/em>&nbsp;(Ca-l\u00e2u-la) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i chim chuy\u00ean \u0103n th\u1ecbt r\u1eafn, v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>kinnaras<\/em>&nbsp;(phi nh\u00e2n) (theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en \u201cC\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng?\u201d) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e1 th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Himalaya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]BA201&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-nanda-garbh\u0101vakr\u0101nti-nirde\u015ba-[n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra],&nbsp;<\/em>P760:110.5.5-6. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n 14 c\u1ee7a&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3o H\u1eb1ng Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>skt.<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Ratna-k\u016b\u1e6da<\/em>}, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Trung Hoa. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c, the&nbsp;<em>Aryayusman-nanda-garbhavakranti-nirdesa-[nama-mahayana-]sutra&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Hoan H\u1ef7 Nh\u1eadp Thai Th\u00edch [\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba] Kinh&nbsp;<\/em>}n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n 13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]B202 Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 khi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean \u1edf c\u00f5i s\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]BA203 Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Thi\u1ec7n Ng\u00f4n B\u1ea3o Trang Truy\u1ec7n<\/em>, {<em>Subh\u0101\u1e63ita-ratna-k\u0101ra\u1e47\u1e0daka-kath\u0101<\/em>} b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 15; P5424: 235.4.2-3 v\u00e0 P5668: 208.2.3-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]BA204 BCA: 4.23-27; P5272: 248.1.3-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]BA205&nbsp;<em>Madhyamak\u0101vat\u0101ra-n\u0101ma:&nbsp;<\/em>2.5; P5262:100.4.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]BA206&nbsp;<em>Subh\u0101\u1e63ita-ratna-k\u0101ra\u1e47\u1e0daka-kath\u0101:&nbsp;<\/em>16-18b; P5424: 235.4.3-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]BA207 BCA: 5.69, 8.14; P5272:249.5.1-2,253.3.6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]BA208 Hai s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean. Hi\u1ebfm khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0n t\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u00e2n c\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con l\u1eeba hoang. Kensur Yeshay Tupden n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 con s\u00e2u b\u00f2 ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cong m\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean. Trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 con l\u1eeba hoang, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0n t\u1eadt ca x\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u00e1t sau khi anh ta t\u00ecnh c\u1edd ng\u00e3 tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa l\u1eeba. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec sao anh h\u00e1t, anh ta \u0111\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng, \u201cT\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0\u1ee1i tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa l\u1eeba hoang \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng h\u00e1t l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec khi n\u00e0o t\u00f4i m\u1edbi n\u00ean h\u00e1t \u0111\u00e2y?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean. M\u1ed9t th\u1ee3 x\u00e2y t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Tsang \u0111i th\u0103m m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3i anh \u0103n c\u00e1 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi anh. H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ngon \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i anh ta tham \u0103n th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 khi s\u1eafp b\u1ecb n\u00f4n, anh ta th\u1eaft chi\u1ebfc kh\u0103n qu\u00e0ng quanh c\u1ed5 anh ta. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u00ec sao anh l\u00e0m th\u1ebf, anh ta \u0111\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng, \u201cC\u00e1 ngon \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i n\u00f4n ra s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t l\u1edbn!\u201d V\u00ed d\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0ng trai tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o, anh ta \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9c \u0103n, t\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u00e9p m\u00ecnh \u0103n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 s\u1ef1 ngon mi\u1ec7ng. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecfi anh \u0111ang l\u00e0m g\u00ec, anh ta \u0111\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng, \u201c\u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n ngon tuy\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0103n ch\u00fang li\u1ec1n!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ba v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>C\u00e1c Kho T\u00e0ng B\u1ea3o Ph\u00e1p Qua Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ef1<\/em>&nbsp;[<em>dPe chos rin chcn spungs pa\u2019i \u2018bum \u2018grel]&nbsp;<\/em>(62.2-6) c\u1ee7a lCe-sgom-pa; v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (65.1) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>byis pa\u2019i nas zan&nbsp;<\/em>thay v\u00ec&nbsp;<em>sme\u2019u zan&nbsp;<\/em>trong Lamrim Chenmo. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>C\u00e1c Kho T\u00e0ng B\u1ea3o Ph\u00e1p Qua Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ef1,&nbsp;<\/em>Ganden Bar Nying, v\u00e0 LRCM \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ea7n t\u1eeb Tsang l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>rtsang&nbsp;<\/em>thay v\u00ec&nbsp;<em>gtsang.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]BA209&nbsp;<em>Vinaya-vastu,&nbsp;<\/em>{<em>Gi\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p<\/em>}P1030:37.1.5-37.5.5. Ng\u00e0i Tsongkhapa n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e0i kinh&nbsp;<em>Lunggzhi&nbsp;<\/em>(<em>Agama-vastu<\/em>)<em>, C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1eeba.<\/em>&nbsp;\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]BA211 C\u015b, P5246:135.4.8-135.5.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[28]BA212 BCA: 4.17-21; P5272: 247.5.7-248.1.3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[29]BA212 Ibid.: 4.22; P5272: 248.1.3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[30]BA213<em>Suh\u1e5bl-lekha:&nbsp;<\/em>59-60; P5682: 236.4.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[31]BA214&nbsp;<em>\u015ai\u1e63ya-lekha:&nbsp;<\/em>64a; P5683: 240.1.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[32]BA215 A-kya-yongs-\u2018dzin (A-kya: 119.2) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb n\u00e0y \u00fd ch\u1ec9 ng\u00e0i dGe-bshes \u2018Brom-ston-pa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8: Ba Lo\u1ea1i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1eadp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) N\u1ed9i dung bao h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<br>2) V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n d\u00e0nh cho ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<br>b) V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i) Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1<br>ii) M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">*****************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tri th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng quan m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. N\u1ed9i dung bao h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<br>2. V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n d\u00e0nh cho ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>N\u1ed9i dung bao h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1; \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng; v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ch\u00fang sinh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00fang sinh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. [87] L\u01a1i \u00edch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n: m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thi\u00ean, v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t hay s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c. Gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong c\u00e1c l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n {c\u0103n c\u01a1 nh\u1ecf} ho\u1eb7c trong nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u cho ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao th\u00f9 th\u1eafng khi t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eddi trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp v\u1ecb lai b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u00f3. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[1]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ai \u201cth\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c an vui trong c\u00f5i lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch cho h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ri\u00eang h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn: s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do kh\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 Thanh V\u0103n th\u1eeba. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c trong nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. R\u1ed3i h\u1ecd b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ba s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn:<strong>[2]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ctrung b\u00ecnh\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi an l\u1ea1c trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho thanh t\u1ecbnh ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>H\u1ea1nh Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o [Ati\u015ba] n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi b\u1ed5n s\u01b0, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cN\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a Ba-la-m\u1eadt v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n th\u1eeba<strong><em>[4]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u201d,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1edd ta s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c bao g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n: nh\u1eefng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n {skt. mantra \u2013 c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1eadt ch\u00fa}. Hai ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y qua t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i bi, l\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u1eb1m d\u1eb9p tan m\u1ecdi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n s\u00e1u Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a, hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n[5], v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. [88] Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng<\/em>:[6]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n d\u1eb9p tan t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ecdi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qua c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 bao h\u00e0m trong c\u1ea3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a th\u1eeba l\u1eabn m\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba. Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u00e0nh cho ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00e0y trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n trong&nbsp;<em>Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<em>Du-gi\u00e0 H\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn:<strong>[7]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 sau: c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ec gi\u1eef ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n, tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi nguy\u1ec7n. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Thanh V\u0103n gi\u1edbi. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi. Trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t; lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh; v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p B\u00e1u Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n[8]&nbsp;c\u0169ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 mang kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp v\u1ecb lai. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2<\/strong>)&nbsp;<strong>V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n d\u00e0nh cho ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<br>2. V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qua nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a<\/strong>)<strong>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao c\u0169ng bao h\u00e0m tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, hai l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n, hay nh\u1eefng chi, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. [89] Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 M\u00e3 Minh \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 T\u00e2m Tu T\u1eadp<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Sa\u1e43v\u1e5bti-bodhicitta-bh\u0101van\u0101<\/em>)<em>:<strong>[9]<\/strong>\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i ai, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 trong s\u1ea1ch; kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed m\u1ecdi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi khi\u1ebfn t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t khi th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i theo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb hai h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 an nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n n\u00ean tu t\u1eadp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m t\u1ed1i cao cho gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tri nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p giai kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea1o d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1eeb bi cho m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn d\u1eaft qu\u00fd v\u1ecb theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u00ec h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, hay con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u1eadp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 ch\u1ecdn ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 chung cho hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft qu\u00fd v\u1ecb theo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n. Do v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u01b0\u1edbc mong t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Trung \u0110\u1ea1o T\u00e2m Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Thanh Bi\u1ec7n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[10]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m th\u00e2n n\u00e0y th\u1eadt qu\u00e1 m\u1ecfng manh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 bong b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Tu-di<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m th\u00e2n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang trong t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a tha nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eddi an l\u1ea1c tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi t\u00e1m duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng an l\u1ea1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do b\u1edfi ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e1ng soi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t an l\u1ea1c n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qua h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u1edbi suy ngh\u0129: \u201cng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u1ee9ng x\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n, t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t th\u00e2n n\u00e0y, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111au kh\u1ed5, c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 v\u1ed1n thi\u1ebfu v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i hay bong b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ea5n:<\/em>&nbsp;T\u1eeb l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 n\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed qua c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n. [90] \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n theo nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0110\u00e1p:<\/em>&nbsp;R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b<\/strong>)<strong>V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qua nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec sao c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qua nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>i<\/strong>)<strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh trong d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u00ec nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean:[11]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi ch\u00fang sinh v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ecb tr\u00f3i trong ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i bao \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201ccon c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng Thi\u1ec7n Th\u1ec7\u201d&nbsp;[12]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng t\u00f4n vinh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, nh\u00e2n gi\u1edbi.[13]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0y b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc \u0110i\u1ec1u Ng\u1ef1\u201d hay \u201cnh\u1eefng v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t\u201d. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tu t\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0\u1edbc mong b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n t\u1ed1i cao d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ecdc Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i T\u1ecbch Thi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea5y. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u1ed7i h\u00e2n hoan v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c n\u00e0y t\u1eeb t\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n {Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n} c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh quy y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb vi\u1ebft c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, th\u00ec ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n: t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u1eefa: kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sinh trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, m\u1ed9t khi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh \u0111au kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac b\u1edfi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb g\u00e2y t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 khoog th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t. [91] N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh mong c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y\u201d v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ed1n sinh kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i su\u00f4ng. S\u1ef1 r\u1ed7ng tu\u1ebfch c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng chung cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m \u01b0\u1edbc ao \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai l\u1ee3i \u00edch, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao [l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eddi] v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn [s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t hay s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c]. Sau khi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00fap sinh kh\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u1ea5y. Khi l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb bi v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 lang thang trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 b\u1ecb n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i n\u00ean d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t nh\u1eabn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac b\u1edfi h\u1ecd lang thang trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn:<strong>[14]<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ai ch\u01b0a ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang h\u1ecd;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 trong m\u01a1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao kh\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac tha nh\u00e2n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do v\u1eady, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao, th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c an t\u1ecbnh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n suy ngh\u0129 chung v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt; \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o m\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft qu\u00fd v\u1ecb theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng theo \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u1eabn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c quy y v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o. [192] H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng gi\u00fap qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, b\u1edfi ch\u00fang ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c v\u1edbi tu t\u1eadp quy y, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft cho t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tu t\u1eadp d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ede \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tri th\u1ee9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o qu\u00fd v\u1ecb duy tr\u00ec thi\u1ec1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb gi\u1eef v\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y trong t\u00e2m v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan. V\u00e0 b\u1edfi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t tri th\u1ee9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ng\u0103n tr\u1edf qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea5y, ho\u1eb7c, trong khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch kh\u1ecfi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y l\u01b0u \u00fd k\u1ef9 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, h\u00e3y ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt trong d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ti\u1ebfp theo, \u0111\u1ec3 tinh th\u1ea7n n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 quy y v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi l\u1ec5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Sau khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn tinh th\u1ea7n nguy\u1ec7n \u01b0\u1edbc {B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n} m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u00e0y qua nghi l\u1ec5, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u00e3y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 \u01b0\u1edbc ao m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, nh\u01b0 s\u00e1u Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch thu nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t khi s\u1ef1 \u01b0\u1edbc ao n\u00e0y sinh kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb t\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, h\u00e3y ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1eddi th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m {B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh}. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n, h\u00e3y tr\u00e1nh b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0m c\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec5m. H\u00e3y n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 \u00f4 u\u1ebf nh\u1ecf nhoi v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 g\u00e2y t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m thanh t\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y trong kinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e3y r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n bao qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 s\u00e1u Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u1ed5n thi\u1ec1n \u2013 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee9c, theo s\u1ef1 \u01b0\u1edbc mong c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. [93] T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o[15]&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n nh\u1eb1m sinh kh\u1edfi nh\u1eefng tri ki\u1ebfn si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t. Ng\u00e0i d\u1eabn ra m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m sinh kh\u1edfi tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho tu\u1ec7. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 hai b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 {nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 (tib. \u0f42\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f5f\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f42\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f51\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51) v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 (tib. \u0f46\u0f7c\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f40\u0fb1\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f51\u0f42\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7a\u0f51)}, h\u00e3y l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3. Sau khi duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng sai s\u00f3t, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Ati\u015ba[16]&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng tu t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp trong m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh s\u1ebd c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n t\u00e2m. Tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tu t\u1eadp trong m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh n\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7 {t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf}, hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh bao qu\u00e1t. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t<strong><em>[17]<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, v\u1ed1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu {ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf}, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh uy\u00ean th\u00e2m. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u00e3y bi\u1ebft th\u1eadt ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n hay tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ng\u1ed7ng ho\u00e0ng gia, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc \u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1, t\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111ang tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh di\u1ec7u h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, s\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 bay l\u00ean. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh bao qu\u00e1t. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh kia, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, \u0111ang hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i l\u1eabn v\u00f4 ng\u00e3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, hay bay l\u00ean nh\u01b0 ch\u00fa chim g\u00e3y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh.[18]&nbsp;Nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp:[19]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dang \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fa ng\u1ed7ng ho\u00e0ng gia, h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng b\u1edfi \u0111\u00e0n ch\u00fang sinh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bay tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ean b\u1edd xa, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh Ph\u1eadt l\u1edbn t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng. [94]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eadt ch\u00fa b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh hai s\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp xa h\u01a1n l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 do thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1eeba k\u1ebf t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu, v\u1eady th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 m\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba n\u00f3i ri\u00eang n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean l\u00e0m theo nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt ch\u00fa, v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n M\u1eadt th\u1eeba thanh t\u1ecbnh, tr\u00ec gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u1edbi ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 r\u1ee7i ro cho t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong su\u1ed1t c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, tuy nhi\u00ean t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh di\u1ec7u h\u1ea3o. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, h\u00e3y n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng vi ph\u1ea1m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ecb \u00f4 u\u1ebf b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y thanh t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 Du-gi\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng (n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n), ho\u1eb7c Du-gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi (n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba Du-gi\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t). Sau khi s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng, h\u00e3y r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 Du-gi\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng (n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n), ho\u1eb7c Du-gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n m\u00e3n (n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 M\u1eadt th\u1eeba Du-gi\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t).[20]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady; nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u0169ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qu\u00fd v\u1ecb theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n v\u0103n kh\u00e1c. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[21]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u01b0\u1edbc mong ch\u1ee9ng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ed1n cao qu\u00fd b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1eddng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y d\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tu t\u1eadp. [95]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n sau,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u1edd n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tu t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u Ph\u00e1p H\u1ea1ng Hu\u1ed1ng T\u1eadp<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[22]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 duy\u00ean sinh kh\u1edfi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n tr\u1ed1n kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecd b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i \u1ea5y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u0169ng th\u1ebf khi c\u01a1 duy\u00ean sinh kh\u1edfi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ed1n lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:[23]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e0nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00ec theo<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tu t\u1eadp quy y, gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi cao h\u01a1n,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00e1u Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa:[24]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ecbnh T\u1eadp Ph\u1ea9m<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a Bodhihadra {Gi\u00e1c Hi\u1ec1n} \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng:[25]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sinh kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eebng tham ch\u1ea5p t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n vui trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 quay l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng b\u00e1m l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ban nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec1m tin,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y t\u00f4n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngang h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y tinh t\u1ea5n trong thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eadn qua l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 ban t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3nh, c\u1ea3 b\u00ecnh cam l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 m\u1eadt ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, v\u00e0 \u00fd,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch t\u1eadp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sinh kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh chi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1eadt ch\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ii<\/strong>)<strong>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>V\u1ea5n:<\/em>&nbsp;N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cho l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n. [96] V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef n\u00e0y: \u201cc\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e1p: C\u00f3 hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ba lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 theo \u0111\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed: (1) \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh tan suy \u0111o\u00e1n cho r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 (2) \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 mang l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ngay c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec sai l\u1ea7m khi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cao v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh di\u1ec7u h\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u00e3n quan th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e3n quan cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh cao h\u01a1n trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n ch\u00fang, th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh di\u1ec7u h\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1edfi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft theo nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eadp trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Ch\u00e2n Ng\u00f4n V\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ea5n Kinh<strong>[26]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;d\u00f9ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee3 kim ho\u00e0n kh\u00e9o tay d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tinh luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f3n trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. V\u1ecb h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p Long Th\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed theo nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn:[27]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i d\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[28]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 non tr\u1ebb, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd tu t\u1eadp theo nh\u1eefng hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a \u1edf m\u1ee9c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd tu t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a trung b\u00ecnh. [97] Khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd tu t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb uy\u00ean th\u00e2m, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a vi di\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>H\u1ea1nh Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u00e1nh Thi\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean qu\u00fd v\u1ecb r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a th\u1eeba v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1eadt ch\u00fa th\u1eeba. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u01b0 sau:[29]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1eebng b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u thang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<strong>[30]<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tho\u1ea1t ti\u00ean, ng\u1eebng c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp theo, ng\u1eebng sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, d\u1ee9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ai hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1eadc tinh th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u1ecb \u0111a v\u0103n \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 M\u1eabu H\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:[31]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c nhu\u1ed9m v\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u1ebft nh\u01a1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn b\u1ea3n v\u0103n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-9\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA216&nbsp;<em>Bodhi-patha-prad\u012bpa,<\/em>&nbsp;P5343: 20.4.5-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]BA217 Ibid., P5343: 103, 20.4.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]BA218&nbsp;<em>Cary\u0101-sa\u1e43graha-prad\u012bpa,<\/em>&nbsp;P5379:186.3.6-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y Ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n th\u1eeba l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt th\u1eeba v\u00e0 xin ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n t\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t hay Ho\u00e0n m\u00e3n trong tu t\u1eadp M\u1eadt th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]BA219&nbsp;<em>Bodhi-patha-prad\u012bpa,<\/em>&nbsp;P5343: 20.4.6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]BA220 T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Du-gi\u00e0 H\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;\u2013&nbsp;<em>rNal \u2018byor spyod pa\u2019i sa mam par gtan la dbab pa bsdu ba<\/em>&nbsp;(Vs), P5539: 9.2.4-5. P5539, t\u1eadp 110 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0&nbsp;<em>gTan la dbab pa bsdu pa<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Vini\u015bcaya-sa\u1e43graha\u1e47i<\/em>)v\u00e0&nbsp;<em>rNam par ngcs pa bsdu pa<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Nir\u1e47aya-sa\u1e43graha<\/em>)<em>.<\/em>T\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong danh m\u1ee5c Pali l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Yog\u0101-cary\u0101-bh\u016bmau-nir\u1e47aya-sa\u1e43graha.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]BA221&nbsp;<em>Abhidharma-ko\u015ba-bh\u0101\u1e63ya<\/em>&nbsp;(AKbh), P5591:189.1.4-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]BA222&nbsp;<em>Sa\u1e43v\u1e5bti-bodhicitta-bh\u0101vanopade\u015ba-var\u1e47a-sa\u1e43graha,<\/em>&nbsp;P5307:18.3.4-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]BA223&nbsp;<em>Madhyamaka-h\u1e5bdaya-k\u0101rik\u0101,<\/em>&nbsp;P5255: 3.4.2-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]\u00dd trong hai c\u00e2u th\u01a1 cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef m\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u \u2026, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong b\u1ea3n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Sopa Rinpoche n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m n\u00e0y cho r\u00f5.&nbsp;<em>Steps on the Paht to Enlightenment<\/em>. P248. Vol1. Lhundub Sopa. Wisdom. 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]\u201ccon c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng\u201d, \u201ccon Ph\u1eadt\u201d, \u201ccon c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng Thi\u1ec7n Th\u1ec7\u201d v.v\u2026 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh con Ph\u1eadt. Ch\u1eef H\u00e1n-vi\u1ec7t ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u201cPh\u1eadt t\u1eed\u201d nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau, ch\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi hay kh\u00f4ng. Cho n\u00ean t\u1eeb \u201cPh\u1eadt t\u1eed\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng sai v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA224 BCA: 1.9a-c; P5272: 245.2.3-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]BA225 Ibid.: 1.24; P5272: 245.3.6-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]BA226&nbsp;<em>Bodhi-patha-prad\u012bpa,<\/em>&nbsp;P5343: 21.2.6-7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA227&nbsp;<em>Bohdi-m\u0101rga-prad\u012bpa-pa\u00f1jik\u0101-n\u0101ma,<\/em>&nbsp;P5344, vol. 103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]Ba lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 hay tam minh (chn. \u4e09\u667a) n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong&nbsp;<em>Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a<\/em>, bao g\u1ed3m (1) tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ph\u1ed5 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Thanh V\u0103n th\u1eeba v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c th\u1eeba th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng {c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p}, (2) Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Ch\u01b0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hay ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, n\u00ean theo \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00e1c, (3) tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ph\u1ed5 d\u1ee5ng l\u1eabn kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 Ph\u1eadt hay Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ed. Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ed v\u1ed1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3 hai kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi Trung \u0110\u1ea1o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Sopa Rinpoche th\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Sopa \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Tam V\u00f4 L\u1eadu H\u1ecdc (gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7). Xem th\u00eam chi ti\u1ebft trong ch\u00fa th\u00edch k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>three kinds of wisdom<\/em>. The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism. Truy c\u1eadp 12\/02\/2012.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&lt;http:\/\/www.sgilibrary.org\/search_dict.php?id=2343&gt;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]Trong ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn ba \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3ng lu\u1eadn cu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, theo gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a Sopa Rinpoche th\u00ec tu t\u1eadp s\u00e1u Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi Tam v\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1ecdc (gi\u1edbi-\u0111\u1ecbnh-tu\u1ec7) nh\u01b0 sau: b\u1ed1n Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>gi\u1edbi<\/em>, Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>\u0111\u1ecbnh<\/em>&nbsp;v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 Ba-la-m\u1eadt-\u0111a l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>tu\u1ec7<\/em>. Vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 hai c\u00e1nh chim bay \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 hai th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. C\u00e1nh chim th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7 (t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf). C\u00e1nh chim c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c tu t\u1eadp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu (ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Steps on the Path to Enlightenment<\/em>. Vol1. P292. Lhundub Sopa. 2004.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]BA228&nbsp;<em>Madhyamak\u0101vat\u0101ra-n\u0101ma:<\/em>&nbsp;6.226; P5262:106.2.4-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]Du-gi\u00e0 v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n t\u00f4n hay m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1eadt ch\u00fa trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u s\u1eafc th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt, lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng. Lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n l\u00ean t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Du-gi\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u1edbng. Xem th\u00eam chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y:&nbsp;<em>Yoga Tantra: Paths to Magical Feats<\/em>. Dalai Lama, Tsongkhapa and Jeffrey Hopkins. Snow Lion. 2005.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]BA229&nbsp;<em>Mah\u0101y\u0101na-patha-s\u0101dhana-sa\u1e43graha,<\/em>&nbsp;P5352:51.5.23.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]BA230&nbsp;<em>Mah\u0101y\u0101na-patha-s\u0101dhana-var\u1e47a-sa\u1e43graha,<\/em>&nbsp;P5351:50.3.3-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]BA231 Ibid., P5351: 50.4.8-50.5.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]BA232 Ibid., P5351: 51.3.5-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]BA233&nbsp;<em>Sam\u0101dhi-sa\u1e43bh\u0101ra-parivarta,<\/em>&nbsp;P3288: 257.5.2-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]BA234&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u00e0-ra-ni V\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ea5n Kinh \u2013 gZungs kyi dbang phyug rgyal pos zhus pa<\/em>(<em>Dh\u0101ra\u1e45\u012b\u015bvara-r\u0101ja-parip\u1e5bcch\u0101<\/em>) l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Arya \u0100rya-tath\u0101gata-mah\u0101-karu\u1e47\u0101-nirde\u015ba-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra,<\/em>&nbsp;P814:300.5.4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]BA235&nbsp;<em>Raja-parikatha-ratnavall,<\/em>&nbsp;Ra: 1.3-4; P5658:173.5.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[28]Bbh, P5538:186.1.3-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[29]<em>Carya-melapaka-pradipa,<\/em>&nbsp;P2668: 295.3.8-295.4.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[30]C\u015b: 8.15; P5246:136.3.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[31]Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m\u00a0<em>Nh\u1ea5t B\u00e1ch Ng\u0169 Th\u1eadp K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>\u00a0\u2013\u00a0<em>Sata-pancasatka-natna-stotra<\/em>\u00a0(<em>M\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i k\u1ec7 x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng<\/em>)<em>:<\/em>\u00a012.5; P2038. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i M\u00e3 Minh theo b\u1ea3n Pali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--nextpage-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8<\/strong><br><strong>T\u1eadp 1&nbsp;\u2013 (B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn \u2013&nbsp;Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Tsongkhapa<br>Nh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas<br>\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d<br>\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e<br><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9:&nbsp;Ch\u00e1nh Ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 C\u00e1i Ch\u1ebft<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1) R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a) \u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00edt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng {c\u0103n c\u01a1 th\u1ea5p}<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">i) Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u1ecb lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a\u2019 Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u2019 Sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng trau d\u1ed3i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<br>2\u2019 L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c trau d\u1ed3i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<br>3\u2019 Lo\u1ea1i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n khai tri\u1ec3n<br>4\u2019 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trau d\u1ed3i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">a\u2019\u2019 T\u01b0 duy r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 l\u1ebd t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u2019\u2019 H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi.<br>2\u2019\u2019 H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean suy gi\u1ea3m.<br>3\u2019\u2019 H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ngay c\u1ea3 trong l\u00fac qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt th\u00ec gi\u1edd cho tu t\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b\u2019\u2019 H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<br>2\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e0nh cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng<br>3\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t mong manh d\u1ec5 h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">c\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1\u2019\u2019 B\u1ea1n b\u00e8 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<br>2\u2019\u2019 T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<br>3\u2019\u2019 Th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">********************<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1edd<\/strong><strong>ng th\u1ead<\/strong><strong>t s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>c l\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>i th\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9<\/strong><strong>n c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a m\u1ed9<\/strong><strong>t cu\u1ed9<\/strong><strong>c s\u1ed1<\/strong><strong>ng an l\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>c v\u00e0 thu\u1ead<\/strong><strong>n duy\u00ean.&nbsp;<\/strong>[<strong>98]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ba ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9-16).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trung b\u00ecnh (ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 17-24).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;R\u00e8n luy\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111<\/strong><strong>o\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>n c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a l\u1ed9<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;n\u0103<\/strong><strong>ng gi\u1edb<\/strong><strong>i h\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 ba ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. S\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9-15)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. S\u1ef1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0nh cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 16)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 16)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;S\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>n th\u1ead<\/strong><strong>t s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;t\u00e2m th\u1ee9<\/strong><strong>c cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;n\u0103<\/strong><strong>ng gi\u1edb<\/strong><strong>i h\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n cho l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u1ecb lai. (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9-10)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 11-15)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>i<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>n tr\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>u t\u00e2m n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5<\/strong><strong>n cho l\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>i \u00edch c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a nh\u1eef<\/strong><strong>ng ki\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>p s\u1ed1<\/strong><strong>ng v\u1ecb<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;lai<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i trong hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u trong c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb: h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac hay kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 10)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a\u2019 Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>u r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3<\/strong><strong>n t\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>i l\u00e2u trong c\u00f5i \u0111\u1edd<\/strong><strong>i n\u00e0y<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1. C\u00e1c sai l\u1ea7m v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng trau d\u1ed3i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2. Nh\u1eefng \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c trau d\u1ed3i n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3. Lo\u1ea1i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trau d\u1ed3i s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1\u2019 C\u00e1c sai l\u1ea7<\/strong><strong>m v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng trau d\u1ed3<\/strong><strong>i s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n sai l\u1ea7m ng\u0103n tr\u1edf qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n an l\u1ea1c: [(1) l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m t\u1ecbnh, (2) l\u1ea5y kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0m vui, (3) v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 cho l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n, (4) v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 m\u00e0 cho l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3]. Tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m cho s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 \u0111au. Quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m hai ph\u1ea7n: ngh\u0129a th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf. Trong hai ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129 th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, hay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111au kh\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft\u201d [99] T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn. Tuy v\u1eady, v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y tr\u00f4i qua, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cNg\u00e0y mai t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u, ng\u00e0y mai t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u\u201d v\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t suy ngh\u0129 n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y che m\u1edd l\u00fd tr\u00ed v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e3i tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y.Ti\u1ebfp theo, khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111au kh\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 cho ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u201cT\u00f4i c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kia\u201d. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o b\u1edfi l\u1ebd qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed {to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c}. D\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd tham gia h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v.v\u2026, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ea1o ra c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c y\u1ebfu \u1edbt. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c sai tr\u00e1i, t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m, s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111au kh\u1ed5. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n do l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng v\u1edbi suy ngh\u0129 \u201cCu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m th\u00f4i\u201d. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 xao l\u00e3ng nh\u01b0 ng\u1ee7 ngh\u00ea, th\u1edd \u01a1, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u00e1n g\u1eabu v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n m\u1edbi v\u01b0\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 b\u1edfi mong ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 tham ch\u1ea5p to l\u1edbn v\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 ngh\u1ecbch h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, hay nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00fa vui m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang b\u00e1m v\u00edu; qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ed1n thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang; v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai l\u00e0, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y ti\u1ebfp theo. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y t\u1ea1o th\u00eam nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd, n\u0103m t\u1ed9i \u00e1c ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch<strong>[1]<\/strong>, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u00e3nh l\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh. [100] B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb \u2013 v\u1ecb cam l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1eb9p<strong>[2]<\/strong>&nbsp;v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. R\u1ed3i th\u00ec, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd mang qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111i v\u00e0 \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh. C\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng? Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em><strong>[3]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nguy hi\u1ec3m h\u01a1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ee7 v\u00f9i nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 th\u1eadt no \u1ea5m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong khi l\u1ea1i ph\u00f3 m\u1eb7c cho th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0 th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh ba gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 m\u00ecnh h\u1eafn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em><strong>[4]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0ng b\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7m l\u1ed7i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n hay th\u00f9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2\u2019 L\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>i \u00edch c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a vi\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>c trau d\u1ed3<\/strong><strong>i s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;hi\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>u bi\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00edt hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0o h\u00f4m nay ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e0y mai, h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u1ecd t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang. R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd mong mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u1eefu \u00edch cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1nh b\u1ed1 th\u00ed. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 \u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1a tr\u1ea5u m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd r\u1eddi xa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u00edch l\u0169y thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 quy y v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. B\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n cho nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 v\u1ed1n d\u0129 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y. Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng \u0111i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. C\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec nguy\u00ean do \u1ea5y, nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong kinh t\u1ea1ng nh\u1eb1m ca ng\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Kinh&nbsp;<em>\u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/em><strong>[5]<\/strong>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<strong>[6]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f9a thu ho\u1ea1ch, th\u00ec v\u1ee5 g\u1eb7t m\u00f9a thu l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n th\u00ec d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n voi l\u00e0 to l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. [101] Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 cao c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t b\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u01a1i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, v\u00f4 minh, v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ba gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u00faa l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eadp tan nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai tr\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 m\u1edf ra cho m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh, v.v\u2026. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u2013&nbsp;<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/em>&nbsp;{Ud\u0101na-varga}<strong>[7]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng {ph\u00e1p} ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed hoa t\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ef7 ma<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<strong>[8]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a, kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft \u0111i m\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ebd ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9 n\u00e0y,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong khi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e0m phu th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bu\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 d\u00ednh m\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7y an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5; m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00f5i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111a s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 may th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp c\u00e1c l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u1edf v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp, th\u00ec l\u00fd do qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u01b0a ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u\u201d.Do v\u1eady, ch\u00ednh \u00fd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ch\u01b0a ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 sa \u0111\u1ecda, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00f9 th\u1eafng. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 trau d\u1ed3i trong l\u00fac thi\u1ec1n. Hay qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho s\u1ef1 thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean trau d\u1ed3i n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00edt v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho tu t\u1eadp ti\u1ebfp theo. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m con tim, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u, trong khi v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac thi\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 trau d\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n. [102]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3\u2019 Lo\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>i qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7<\/strong><strong>n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 tu t\u1eadp con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y th\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i lo l\u1eafng r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi xa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v.v\u2026. S\u1ef1 b\u00e1m v\u00edu m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 n\u00e0y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eebng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. V\u1eady th\u00ec, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, c\u00e1i m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef th\u00f4ng qua nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1eebng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean e s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u00ecnh trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 gieo nh\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb soi x\u00e9t n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb n\u1ed7i h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc d\u00e0y v\u00f2 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sinh t\u1eed hay m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ee3 m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111au kh\u1ed5.&nbsp;<em>Kinh B\u1ed5n Sanh<\/em><strong>[9]<\/strong>&nbsp;n\u00f3i<strong>[10]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f9 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 gi\u1eef nhanh th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i.<br>\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3<br>Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 kinh s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 h\u00e3i h\u00f9ng<br>V\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<br>V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian,<br>Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i<br>V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh.<br>H\u1ecd lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<br>V\u00e0 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee7 m\u1edd t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<br>Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m<br>S\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc,<br>V\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n quen v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<br>V\u1eady th\u00ec v\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>:<strong>[11]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ai th\u1ea5y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft\u201d,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1eed th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn? [103]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do \u0111\u00f3, khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb li\u00ean t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u201cCh\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u00f4i s\u1ebd s\u1edbm l\u00eca xa th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c\u201d, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t l\u00f2ng kh\u00e1t khao \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh hy v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi b\u1ecf ch\u00fang. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 \u0111au bu\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c r\u1eddi b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4\u2019 L\u00e0m th\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;trau d\u1ed3<\/strong><strong>i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tu t\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua ba c\u0103n nguy\u00ean, ch\u00edn l\u00fd do, v\u00e0 ba quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ba c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) Ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec gi\u00fap \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tu t\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>u r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t l\u00e0 \u0111<\/strong><strong>i\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>u ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>c ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ebd t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft bao g\u1ed3m ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(1) T\u1eed th\u1ea7n d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(2) Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n suy gi\u1ea3m; v\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">(3) Khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tu t\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>u r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng T\u1eed<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;th\u1ea7<\/strong><strong>n&nbsp;<\/strong>(<strong>th<\/strong><strong>\u1ea7<\/strong><strong>n ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t<\/strong>)<strong>&nbsp;d<\/strong><strong>\u1ee9<\/strong><strong>t kho\u00e1t s\u1ebd<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;\u0111\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>n, v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1ead<\/strong><strong>y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 khi sinh ra qu\u00fd v\u1ecb mang th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong&nbsp;<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/em><strong>[12]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u00edch Chi Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Thanh V\u0103n,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec1u r\u1eddi xa th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n ph\u00e0m phu?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, th\u00ec c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f9ng t\u00ean<strong>[13]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01a1i sinh s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u01a1i \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf kh\u00f4ng trung, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf bi\u1ec3n kh\u01a1i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hay kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ngay khi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng n\u00fai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i do c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 hay t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f9ng t\u00ean:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra c\u0169ng s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1eddi b\u1ecf th\u00e2n n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa. Trong Gi\u00e1n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh {Kinh Nh\u01b0 Lai Th\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o Th\u1eafng Qu\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng}<strong>[14]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ed1n ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u2013 r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc, c\u1ee9ng c\u1ecfi, \u0111\u1eb7c ru\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng, kh\u00f4ng khe n\u1ee9t, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u2013 v\u01b0\u01a1n th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. [104] T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ecf c\u00e2y, th\u00e2n, c\u00e0nh, l\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh tro b\u1ee5i. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y nhanh ch\u00f3ng, hay xua \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt, M\u1eadt ch\u00fa hay thu\u1ed1c men. \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng v\u1eady, b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y nhanh ch\u00f3ng, hay xua \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u ma thu\u1eadt, M\u1eadt ch\u00fa hay thu\u1ed1c men. B\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n. T\u00e2u \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i th\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean, b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi ch\u00fang, hay xua \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, hay d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ch\u00fang v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u, M\u1eadt ch\u00fa hay thu\u1ed1c men.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ga-ma-pa (Ka-ma-ba) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cHi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u2013 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2m m\u00f3ng tay v\u00e0o ng\u1ef1c m\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng cu\u1ed9<\/strong><strong>c \u0111\u1edd<\/strong><strong>i c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7<\/strong><strong>n d\u1ea7<\/strong><strong>n suy gi\u1ea3<\/strong><strong>m<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>Kinh Nh\u1ead<\/em><em>p Thai<\/em><strong>[15]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ecd l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u, th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd tr\u00f4i qua r\u1ea5t nhanh. M\u1ed9t n\u0103m qua \u0111i b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng, th\u00e1ng qua \u0111i b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y qua \u0111i b\u1edfi ban ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 ban \u0111\u00eam, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh minh, v.v\u2026 Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00edt ai trong qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m nh\u01b0 mong \u0111\u1ee3i, v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc [105]. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111i ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng d\u1eebng. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em><strong>[16]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i<br>C\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng<br>Kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam.<br>V\u00ec sao c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ta?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y qua nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5. Khi d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t con thoi cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n d\u1ec7t, tuy v\u1eady h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Khi nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 con c\u1eebu b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00f2 s\u00e1t sinh, ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft trong t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i. N\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n \u0111i b\u1edfi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng hay n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf th\u00e1c tr\u00ean d\u1ed1c n\u00fai nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00f4i \u0111i m\u1ea5t. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd tr\u00f4i qua v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n gia s\u00fac gi\u01a1 g\u1eady l\u00f9a, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e0n th\u00fa nu\u00f4i bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i theo h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 l\u1ebd t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh. Trong&nbsp;<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/em><strong>[17]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed nh\u01b0 khi d\u1ec7t v\u1ea3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do k\u1ebft t\u1eebng s\u1ee3i v\u1ea3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u00fa gi\u1ebft th\u1ecbt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n l\u00f2 s\u00e1t sinh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qua m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng th\u1ec3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1eddi kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t, ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1eaby kh\u1ed5 \u0111au.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3 th\u1eadt nhanh t\u00e0n l\u1ee5i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t que c\u1ee7i kia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e0n gia s\u00fac v\u1ec1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n d\u1eaft l\u00f9a g\u1eady,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd s\u00f4ng v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n, d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y l\u0103n t\u0103n h\u1eefu \u00edch cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong&nbsp;<em>Ph\u1eadt Truy\u1ec7n K\u00fd Kinh<\/em><strong>[18]<\/strong>, s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn qua nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 [106]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ba c\u00f5i th\u1ebf gian \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 \u00e1ng m\u00e2y m\u00f9a thu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 xem m\u1ed9t v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 tia ch\u1edbp gi\u1eefa b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00f4i \u0111i th\u1eadt nhanh, t\u1ef1a d\u00f2ng th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m mang l\u1ea1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e3y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra xung quanh ta \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi li\u00ean t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng. S\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u01a1 s\u00e0i v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra. Ng\u00e0i Ga-ma-pa \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0o? N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ban ng\u00e0y, th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ban \u0111\u00eam th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i. \u0110\u1eebng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp theo. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u, d\u1ea1o l\u00f2ng v\u00f2ng, hay n\u1eb1m xu\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1eadp thai, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc m\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y trong m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3o h\u00f3a. Cho n\u00ean, \u0111\u1eebng h\u00e2n hoan v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo. L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi b\u1ecb r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb h\u1ebbm n\u00fai cao, th\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u1edf trong kh\u00f4ng trung \u0111\u1ebfn khi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>c\u0101tu\u1e25-\u015baka\u1e6da-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101<\/em>)<strong>[19]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eadp thai v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd di chuy\u1ec3n h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i T\u1eed th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>T<\/em><em>\u1ee9<\/em><em>&nbsp;Ng\u1ed9<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u0110<\/em><em>o\u1ea1<\/em><em>n Di\u1ec7<\/em><em>t Truy\u1ec7<\/em><em>n<\/em>&nbsp;{Truy\u1ec7n V\u1ec1 \u0110o\u1ea1n Di\u1ec7t B\u1ed1n Sai S\u00f3t} (<em>Catur-viparyaya-parih\u0101ra-kath\u0101<\/em>)<strong>[20]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng ai t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai cao r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 th\u1ea5y ch\u0103ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac gi\u1eefa kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111ang h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n \u0111u\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft t\u1eeb l\u00fac sinh ra, [107]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u1ea5y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>c ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>n c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t \u0111\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>n n\u1ed7<\/strong><strong>i th\u1ead<\/strong><strong>m ch\u00ed khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1<\/strong><strong>ng, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169<\/strong><strong>ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5<\/strong><strong>t \u00edt th\u1edd<\/strong><strong>i gian \u0111\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;th\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>c h\u00e0nh tu t\u1ead<\/strong><strong>p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng th\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd sai l\u1ea7m khi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed. M\u1ed9t n\u1eeda qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ee7, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ecb hao ph\u00ed cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, khi tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb t\u00e0n phai, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m cho s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0 nua s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u1eabn tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1ecb tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tu t\u1eadp, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u00edt \u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n. Kinh Nh\u1eadp Thai n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<strong>[21]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c ng\u1ee7. M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0. S\u1ef1 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, than van, n\u1ed7i \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c, b\u1ef1c d\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 lo \u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau c\u0169ng ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>T<\/em><em>\u1ee9<\/em><em>&nbsp;Ng\u1ed9<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u0110<\/em><em>o\u1ea1<\/em><em>n Di\u1ec7<\/em><em>t Truy\u1ec7<\/em><em>n<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>Truy<\/em><em>\u1ec7<\/em><em>n V\u1ec1<\/em><em>&nbsp;\u0110<\/em><em>o\u1ea1<\/em><em>n Di\u1ec7<\/em><em>t B\u1ed1<\/em><em>n Sai S\u00f3t<\/em>}<strong>[22]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m n\u00e0y, ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi trong v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i \u1ea5u th\u01a1 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 \u00edch. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt l\u00e0m ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y m\u1ecdi hy v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1eddi gian cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. V\u1eady th\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i bao nhi\u00eau th\u1eddi gian trong qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Chay-ga-wa n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu tr\u1eeb s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qu\u00fd v\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i cho vi\u1ec7c \u0103n m\u1eb7c, ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9, v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i qu\u00fd v\u1ecb d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 n\u0103m n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady v\u00e0 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u00fa v\u1ecb trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1. H\u00e3y suy ngh\u0129 xem: \u201cN\u1ebfu k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n, th\u00ec v\u00ec sao t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i h\u00e2n hoan trong nh\u1eefng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y?\u201d [108] Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong&nbsp;<em>Kinh B\u1ed5n Sanh<\/em>&nbsp;{<em>T\u00fac Sinh Truy<\/em><em>\u1ec7<\/em><em>n Kinh<\/em>}<strong>[23]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alas, n\u00e0y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u1ed5 \u0111au,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ta kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau th\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3a sen tr\u1eafng l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh k\u00fd \u1ee9c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alas, th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft s\u1ee3,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vui s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 lo l\u1eafng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f9 Th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3a k\u00edn m\u1ecdi con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea7y quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec3m nguy v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eb3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i kinh khi\u1ebfp trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp k\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd vui th\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Ka-n\u1ecb-s\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u01b0<\/em>&nbsp;{Th\u01b0 G\u1eedi Vua Kani\u1e63ka}(<em>M\u0101ha-r\u0101ja-kani\u1e63ka-lekha<\/em>)<strong>&nbsp;[24]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 nh\u1eabn t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n s\u00e1t \u1ea5y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ebfn,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan c\u00f3 thanh th\u1ea3n g\u00ec ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean, khi k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn binh kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y chi\u1ebfc t\u00ean b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 d\u1eebng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t n\u1ed5i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho ch\u00ednh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m v\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;th\u1edd<\/strong><strong>i \u0111<\/strong><strong>i\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>c ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>n c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eefa ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau; nh\u01b0ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng h\u00f4m nay m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 n\u00ean ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 \u201cT\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft h\u00f4m nay\u201d. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, n\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 \u201cH\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft\u201d, hay \u201cC\u00f3 l\u1ebd h\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u\u201d, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1ecb T\u1eed th\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111i, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cho ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu h\u00f4m nay qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft th\u00ec trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n b\u1edfi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. [109] L\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, khi ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u1edbn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1eefa hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb suy ngh\u0129 t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1ng \u201cH\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft\u201d, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft\u201d, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd \u0111i t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 duy nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf t\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u00edch tr\u1eef m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec v\u00ec s\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c cho ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 khi d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u1edf n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng ki\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>p s\u1ed1<\/strong><strong>ng trong th\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;gi\u1edb<\/strong><strong>i n\u00e0y&nbsp;<\/strong>(<strong>Jambudv<\/strong><strong>\u012b<\/strong><strong>pa&nbsp;<\/strong>{<strong>Di\u00eam Ph\u00f9&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>\u0110\u1ec1<\/strong>})<strong>&nbsp;th<\/strong><strong>\u1ead<\/strong><strong>t b\u1ea5<\/strong><strong>p b\u00eanh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00f3i chung, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u00e2u L\u01b0 Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. D\u00f9 \u1edf c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u kh\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Di\u00eam Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ec1 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc C\u00e2u L\u01b0 Ch\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh hay kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u1edf c\u00f5i Di\u00eam Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ec1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i t\u1ed1i \u0111a cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m. Xa h\u01a1n, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o tu\u1ed5i thanh ni\u00ean, tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 hay v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa. C\u00f9ng trong ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng \u1ea5y, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p B\u00e1u Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<strong>[25]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y th\u1eadt b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o l\u00fac k\u1ebft th\u00fac chu tr\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o l\u00fac kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/em><strong>[26]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang sinh m\u00e0 ta g\u1eb7p bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang sinh m\u00e0 ta g\u1eb7p bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u nay<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1edbm mai v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y n\u1eefa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thanh ni\u00ean qua \u0111\u1eddi,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u00e0m sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft \u0111i\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong b\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebb ra<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ed1 kia ch\u1ebft \u1edf l\u1ee9a bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ed1 n\u1eefa ch\u1ebft khi v\u1eeba bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u1ebb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ed1 tu\u1ed5i thanh ni\u00ean, s\u1ed1 tu\u1ed5i ch\u01a1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i t\u1eebng k\u1ebb m\u1ed9t,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ef1a tr\u00e1i ch\u00edn kia ph\u1ea3i r\u1ee5ng r\u1eddi. [110]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c nghe tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 hay b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ra \u0111i m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, hay \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t qua \u0111\u1eddi b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean do n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh. H\u00e3y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 ng\u1eabm ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cM\u00ecnh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00f4i\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>u r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7<\/strong><strong>a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t th\u00ec v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n cho s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;s\u1ed1<\/strong><strong>ng th\u1ead<\/strong><strong>t \u00edt \u1ecf<\/strong><strong>i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt v\u00f4 tri \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ma qu\u1ef7 g\u00e2y ra; bao nhi\u00eau lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt nguy hi\u1ec3m g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tay ch\u00e2n; v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tai h\u1ea1i th\u1eadt l\u1edbn x\u1ea3y ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u2013 \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eeda v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 \u2013 v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m cho nhau n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Khi m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kia thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt ph\u00e1t sinh, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1ecb c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i. Do v\u1eady, khi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u00ec c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n. Trong ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y,&nbsp;<em>Kinh&nbsp;<\/em><em>\u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/em><strong>[27]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u00e1ng gh\u00e9t \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n v\u00e2y quanh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3o H\u00e0nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00ednh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>&nbsp;{Tr\u00e0ng Hoa Q\u00fay B\u00e1u} c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd<strong>[28]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n hiu h\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu Th\u01b0<\/em>&nbsp;{L\u00e1 Th\u01b0 B\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu} c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i<strong>[29]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 bong b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 hi\u1ec3m nguy<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1edf ra r\u1ed3i h\u00edt v\u00e0o<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hay th\u1ee9c d\u1eady sau gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7 \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>T\u1ee9 B\u00e1ch K\u1ec7 T\u1ee5ng<\/em><strong>[30]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i l\u1eabn nhau,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd khi d\u00e0nh t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201ch\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p th\u1ec3 v\u1ed1n x\u1ea3y ra ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng thanh t\u1ecbnh {ng\u0169 ch\u1ee7ng b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh}<strong>[31]<\/strong>&nbsp;nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan t\u1ecfa n\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edch l\u0169y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00fap cho tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 v.v\u2026 m\u00e0 ta d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, n\u00ean qu\u00fd v\u1ecb k\u00e9m s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt. Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t \u00edt l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecdc M\u1eadt ch\u00fa r\u1ea5t \u00edt c\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng, ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e1u v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n cho c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n nh\u1ea7m th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c u\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u hay qu\u00e1 \u00edt. N\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. V\u00ec v\u1eady, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi lu\u00f4n di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n cho d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 s\u1ed1. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1ea3o H\u00e0nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00ednh Lu\u1eadn<\/em><strong>[32]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt \u1ecfi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean h\u00e3y lu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng th\u1edd<\/strong><strong>i \u0111<\/strong><strong>i\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>m di\u1ec5<\/strong><strong>n ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>c ch\u1eaf<\/strong><strong>n b\u1edf<\/strong><strong>i c\u01a1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;th\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;con ng\u01b0\u1edd<\/strong><strong>i r\u1ea5<\/strong><strong>t mong manh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u1eadt mong manh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bong b\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y \u0111i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gai ch\u00e2m ch\u00edch. Do \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>B\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu Th\u01b0<\/em><strong>[33]<\/strong>&nbsp;[112]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ngay c\u1ea3 tro t\u00e0n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i khi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00fai Tu-di, v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ecb b\u1ea3y v\u1ea7ng th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3ng r\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y tan,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ed1n t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3 mong manh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb n\u00ean quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, n\u00ean qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1eddi gian. H\u00e3y cam k\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m con tim qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Ka-n\u1ecb-s\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u01b0<\/em>&nbsp;{Th\u01b0 G\u1eedi Vua Kani\u1e63ka)<strong>&nbsp;[34]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ai,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00ean \u0111\u1eebng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y mai<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f4i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y n\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si\u00eau tuy\u1ec7t th\u00e2m s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hay<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cT\u00f4i ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c kia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y mai l\u00e0m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u00f4m nay\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ed3i ng\u00e0y mai \u0111\u1ebfn,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 du-gi\u00e0, \u015br\u012b Jagata mitrananda {t\u00ean d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 To\u00e0n H\u1eefu L\u1ea1c} trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Nguy<\/em><em>\u1ec7<\/em><em>t V\u01b0\u01a1<\/em><em>ng Th\u01b0<\/em>n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<strong>[35]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e0y v\u1ecb vua th\u1ebf gian,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi th\u00e2n vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1eabn h\u00e3y c\u00f2n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u01b0a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt y\u1ebfu suy,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u00e2n kia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadt h\u1eefu \u00edch,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh,ch\u1ebft, h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebft, suy t\u00e0n,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tu t\u1eadp,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec1u chi n\u1eefa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2y?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y th\u1eadt n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cho vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c\u2019\u2019 Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7<\/strong><strong>m r\u1eb1<\/strong><strong>ng v\u00e0o th\u1edd<\/strong><strong>i \u0111<\/strong><strong>i\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>m di\u1ec5<\/strong><strong>n ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebf<\/strong><strong>t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111<\/strong><strong>i\u1ec1<\/strong><strong>u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;th\u1ef1<\/strong><strong>c h\u00e0nh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1\u2019\u2019 B\u1ea1<\/strong><strong>n h\u1eef<\/strong><strong>u s\u1ebd<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu lo l\u1eafng, y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u1edf xung quanh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea5y, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mang m\u1ed9t ai \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2\u2019\u2019 V\u1ead<\/strong><strong>t ch\u1ea5<\/strong><strong>t s\u1ebd<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1ng trang s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mang theo d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3\u2019\u2019 Th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd<\/strong><strong>&nbsp;kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3<\/strong><strong>c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf ngay c\u1ea3 th\u1ecbt x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra c\u00f9ng n\u00f3, th\u00ec li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y s\u1ebd r\u1eddi b\u1ecf t\u00f4i; T\u00f4i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau, v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, h\u00f4m nay \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra!\u201d. [113] Qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 cho qu\u00fd v\u1ecb. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m&nbsp;<em>Ka-n\u1ecb-s\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u01b0<\/em>&nbsp;{Th\u01b0 G\u1eedi Vua Kani\u1e63ka)<strong>&nbsp;[36]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00f4i qua,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1edfi t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111i theo c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, Sri Jagata-mitrananda n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<strong>[37]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e1nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e0u sang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfn binh \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea1i tr\u00ean sa m\u1ea1c,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng con tr\u1ebb v\u1ee3 hi\u1ec1n,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng y ph\u1ee5c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c, kh\u00f4ng cung \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy nga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f9 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nghe hay th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00fat cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ebd \u0111i theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1i t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng thi\u1ebfu,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u0129nh c\u1eefu cho nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1. N\u1ebfu thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 \u0111i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt gi\u1ecfi h\u01a1n lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m vui t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, d\u00f9 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. B\u1edfi v\u00ec, nh\u01b0 trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201c<em>Nh\u1eadp B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn<\/em>\u201d n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<strong>[38]<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u00e3 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1eb7t v\u00e3nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ebfm hoi m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ec v\u1eady, d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c sinh kh\u1edfi ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Bo-do-wa \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \u201cs\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb\u201d<strong>&nbsp;[39]<\/strong>&nbsp;ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. [114] V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i g\u1ea1t ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n s\u1edf h\u1eefu. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp theo m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang g\u00ec b\u00ean m\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i tu t\u1eadp t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y sinh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i th\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ng\u00e0i D\u014dl-wa n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, h\u00e3y t\u00edch l\u0169y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 g\u00f3p nh\u1eb7t tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 thanh l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng ng\u0103n tr\u1edf. H\u00e3y g\u1eedi l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0. H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft tha v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec b\u1ec1n ch\u00ed. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, cho d\u00f9 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng tri th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3y sinh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m n\u1eefa, th\u00ec n\u00f3 v\u1eabn s\u1ebd sinh kh\u1edfi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5u h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ng\u00e0i Ga-ma-pa v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n, ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o v\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y. Khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp theo, ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u1eefa\u201d<strong>[40]<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb th\u00fach h\u1ee3p, h\u00e3y thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u00ean tr\u00ean<strong>[41]<\/strong>. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p, h\u00e3y n\u1eafm b\u1eaft b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong s\u1ed1 ch\u00edn nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ba c\u0103n nguy\u00ean. H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb xoay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m cho ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd v\u1ecb trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ngay trong l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, qu\u00fd v\u1ecb s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a B\u1eadc \u0110i\u1ec1u Ng\u1ef1. H\u00e3y hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi hu\u1ea5n th\u1ecb kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>|&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1\/\">M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/thienphatgiao.org\/dai-luan-ve-giai-trinh-cua-dao-giac-ngo-tap-1-chuong-10\/\">Trang sau<\/a>&nbsp;|<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[1]BA240 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i k\u1ebf sau t\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch: (1) Lo\u1ea1n lu\u00e2n v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu b\u00e0 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t A-la-h\u00e1n; (2) Gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t; (3) hay gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 theo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ec1n Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba; (4) tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng; v\u00e0 (5) th\u00f9 h\u1eadn, ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a hay m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[2]\u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao \u0111\u1eb9p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c sinh ra l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[3]BA241 C\u015b: 1.1; P5246:131.2.3-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[4]BA242 BCA: 2.34; P5272: 246.3.4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[5]Theo b\u1ea3n kinh T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef c\u00f9ng t\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 Ph\u1ea9m Ai Th\u00e1n \u2013 r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u&nbsp;<em>trong c\u00e1c m\u00f9a thu ho\u1ea1ch, th\u00ec v\u1ee5 g\u1eb7t m\u00f9a thu l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[6]&nbsp;BA243&nbsp;<em>\u2018Phags pa yongs su mya ngan las \u2018das pa chen po\u2019i mdo,&nbsp;<\/em>P787:147.3.5,147.3.7-8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[7]BA244 Ud: 18.19; P992: 95.5.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[8]BA245 Ibid.: 1.27; P992: 90.1.2-3. Thay v\u00ec lus in line 3, Bernhard 1965 \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>\u2018jig rten.&nbsp;<\/em><em>lib.&nbsp;<\/em>Jm: 31.60-62; P5650: 58.1.2-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[9]Hay&nbsp;<em>T\u00fac Sinh Truy\u1ec7n Kinh,<\/em>&nbsp;<em>J\u00e0takam\u00e0l\u00e0<\/em>&nbsp;c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0&nbsp;<em>Bodhisattva Avad\u00e0nam\u00e0l\u00e0.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[10]BA246 Jm: 31.60-62; P5650: 58.1.2-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[11]BA247 C\u015b: 1.25; P5246:133.3.4-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[12]BA248 Ud: 1.25; P992: 90.1.1-2. K\u1ec7 n\u00e0y tr\u00edch trong b\u1ea3n skt. c\u1ee7a Bernhard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[13]BA249 Ibid.: 1.26-27 (1.25-26 B\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Bernhard); P992: 90.1.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[14]BA250&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-r\u0101javav\u0101daka-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra<\/em>, tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong Vaidya 1960b: 114;P887:79.5.4-80.1.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[15]BA251&nbsp;<em>Garbh\u0101vakr\u0101nti-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;P760:108.4.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[16]BA252 BCA: 2.40; P5272: 246.3.7-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[17]BA253 Ud: 1.13-17; P992: 89.5.1-4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[18]BA254&nbsp;<em>\u0100rya-lalita-vistara-n\u0101ma-mah\u0101y\u0101n\u0101-s\u016btra Vaidya<\/em>&nbsp;1958:13.70; P763:195.1.6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[19]BA255&nbsp;<em>Bodhisattva-yog\u0101-cary\u0101-Catu\u1e25-\u015bataka-\u1e6d\u012bk\u0101<\/em>&nbsp;P5266: 184.5.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[20]BA256&nbsp;<em>Catur-viparyaya-[parih\u0101ra]-kath\u0101<\/em>&nbsp;P5669: 213.3.2-3. Theo danh m\u1ee5c P th\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Matricitra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[21]BA257&nbsp;<em>Garbh\u0101vakr\u0101nti-s\u016btra<\/em>&nbsp;P760:108.4.7-8. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 Tsongkhapa d\u00f9ng b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c cho \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[22]BA258&nbsp;<em>Catur-viparyaya-[parih\u0101ra]-kath\u0101<\/em>&nbsp;P5669: 213.4.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[23]BA259 Jm: 32.7-9; P5650: 59.5.7-60.1.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[24]BA260&nbsp;<em>M\u0101ha-r\u0101ja-kani\u1e63ka-lekha<\/em>&nbsp;P5411: 221.1.5-7. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 theo danh m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a P. l\u00e0 M\u0101ticitra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[25]BA261 AK: 3.78cd; P5590:120.2.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[26]BA262 Ud: 1.7-10; P992: 89.4.6-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[27]BA262 Ud: 1.7-10; P992: 89.4.6-8.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[28]BA263&nbsp;<em>R\u0101ja-parikath\u0101-[mala]ratn\u0101val\u012b<\/em>&nbsp;(Ra): 4.17; P5658,179.5.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[29]BA264&nbsp;<em>Suh\u1e5bl-lekha<\/em><em>:&nbsp;<\/em>57; P5682: 236.4.5-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[30]BA265 C\u015b: 2.41; P5246: 133.4.7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[31]BA266 N\u0103m b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh (snyigs ma Inga) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 (1) ch\u00fang sinh, (2) phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, (3) c\u00e1c ng\u00e3, (4) quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 (5) c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[32]BA267 Ra: 3.79; P5658: 179.1.5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[33]BA268 Suh\u1e5bl-lekha<em>:&nbsp;<\/em>57; P5682: 236.4.5-6.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[34]BA269&nbsp;<em>M\u0101ha-r\u0101ja-kani\u1e63ka-lekha<\/em>&nbsp;P5411: 221.1.4-5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[35]BA270&nbsp;<em>Candra-raj\u0101-lekha<\/em>&nbsp;(<em>Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho Nguy\u1ec7t V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em>), P5689: 251.2.2-4. Danh m\u1ee5c P li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Jagata-mitr\u0101nanda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[36]BA271&nbsp;<em>M\u0101ha-r\u0101ja-kani\u1e63ka-lekha<\/em>&nbsp;<em>T54U:&nbsp;<\/em>242.4.8-242.5.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[37]BA272&nbsp;<em>Candra-raj\u0101-lekha<\/em>&nbsp;P5689: 251.4.8-251.5.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[38]BA273 BCA: 8.81; P5272: 256.2.2-3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[39]BA274 Ba-so-chos-kyi-rgyal-mtshan, mChan: 223.6, cho r\u1eb1ng po-to-wa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00fan nh\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft gia: c\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnnh g\u00ec v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi qua vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn tri\u1ebft l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u01a1i ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c (sgrub pa) v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c (sgrub pa), \u00f4ng d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i ch\u01a1i ch\u1eef qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb c\u00f3 \u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ed1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cng\u0103n tr\u1edf\u201d (\u2018gags pa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[40]BA275 Locho Rimbochay n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed5i nhau ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00fd v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i \u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">[41]BA276 Locho Rimbochay ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee7 r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ea0I LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 GIAI TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O GI\u00c1C NG\u1ed8 T\u1eadp 1B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn&nbsp;\u2013 Quy\u1ec3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3:&nbsp;TsongkhapaNh\u00f3m D\u1ecbch Thu\u1eadt Lamrim Lotsawas\u0f04\u0f05\u0f0e \u0f56\u0fb1\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f74\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f63\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f62\u0f72\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7a\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f0d \u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f40\u0f0d\u0f0d\u0f62\u0f97\u0f7a\u0f0b\u0f59\u0f7c\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f41\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0b\u0f56\u0fb3\u0f7c\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f5f\u0f44\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f0e M\u1ee5c L\u1ee5c:\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16606,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[180,106],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-16605","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sach-hay-kim-cuong-thua","category-tai-lieu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16605","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16605"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16605\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16610,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16605\/revisions\/16610"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16606"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16605"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16605"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16605"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=16605"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}