{"id":17880,"date":"2022-04-07T16:57:10","date_gmt":"2022-04-07T09:57:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/04\/07\/dong-doi-dong-thoi-gian-va-dong-kinh\/"},"modified":"2022-12-05T00:38:43","modified_gmt":"2022-12-04T17:38:43","slug":"dong-doi-dong-thoi-gian-va-dong-kinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2022\/04\/07\/dong-doi-dong-thoi-gian-va-dong-kinh\/","title":{"rendered":"CN1089.D\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, D\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 D\u00f2ng kinh"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"17880\" class=\"elementor elementor-17880\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f828d59 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f828d59\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-fe8c6d7\" data-id=\"fe8c6d7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39bd327 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39bd327\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"43707\" class=\"elementor elementor-43707\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-12cff60d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-space-evenly elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12cff60d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4121bde5\" data-id=\"4121bde5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77951a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77951a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cam-nang-cuoc-song-tam-hoc-2022\/\">\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/logo-ouxjtw06mo6vf1fgdbxyyxvl6wi7n81dhpxe4gtukg.png\" title=\"logo\" alt=\"logo\"> <\/a>\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4f256cf7\" data-id=\"4f256cf7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-44c1898a\" data-id=\"44c1898a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10ea5489 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10ea5489\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<button onclick=\"history.back()\"><<<\/button>\n<button onclick=\"history.forward()\">>><\/button>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-b6ceacd elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"b6ceacd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8f311fb\" data-id=\"8f311fb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2dfd5ec elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2dfd5ec\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-780d4c2\" data-id=\"780d4c2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-067744a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"067744a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"43799\" class=\"elementor elementor-43799\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-119d64c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"119d64c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17b666c\" data-id=\"17b666c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5b515fa elementor-nav-menu--dropdown-tablet elementor-nav-menu__text-align-aside elementor-nav-menu--toggle elementor-nav-menu--burger elementor-widget elementor-widget-nav-menu\" data-id=\"5b515fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;layout&quot;:&quot;vertical&quot;,&quot;submenu_icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;&lt;i class=\\&quot;fas fa-caret-down\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/i&gt;&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;},&quot;toggle&quot;:&quot;burger&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"nav-menu.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<nav migration_allowed=\"1\" migrated=\"0\" role=\"navigation\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu--main elementor-nav-menu__container elementor-nav-menu--layout-vertical e--pointer-overline e--animation-fade\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-1-5b515fa\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43787\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-loi-phat-day\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">L\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43784\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-cau-chuyen-nhan-qua\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43783\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-cau-chuyen-lich-su\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43785\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-khoa-hoc-hien-dai\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43793\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-ky-nang-song\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-47130\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/pl-bai-hoc-cuoc-song\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43786\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-thien-ngu-thien\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Thi\u1ec1n &#8211; Ng\u1eef thi\u1ec1n<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43788\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-loi-day-co-duc\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">L\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ee9c<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43795\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-tam-ly-hoc\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43809\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-van-hoc-phim-anh\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">V\u0103n h\u1ecdc &#8211; phim \u1ea3nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43789\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-nho-giao\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Nho gi\u00e1o<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-thien-chua-cong-giao\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa &#8211; c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-ton-giao-khac\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43792\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-truyen-dan-gian-ngu-ngon\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Truy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian &#8211; ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43794\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-trai-nghiem-tac-gia\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43810\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-hien-tuong-ky-bi\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef3 b\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43796\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-y-hoc-co\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Y h\u1ecdc &#8211; c\u1ed5<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43797\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-suy-ngam\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Suy ng\u1eabm<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43872\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-nghien-cuu\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43873\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-danh-nhan-nguoi-noi-tieng\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">Danh nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43798\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-ban-doc-gui\/\" class=\"elementor-item\">B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc g\u1eedi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-toggle\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Menu Toggle\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--open eicon-menu-bar\"><\/i><i aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"presentation\" class=\"elementor-menu-toggle__icon--close eicon-close\"><\/i>\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Menu<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-nav-menu--dropdown elementor-nav-menu__container\" role=\"navigation\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t<ul id=\"menu-2-5b515fa\" class=\"elementor-nav-menu sm-vertical\"><li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43787\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-loi-phat-day\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">L\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43784\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-cau-chuyen-nhan-qua\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43783\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-cau-chuyen-lich-su\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43785\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-khoa-hoc-hien-dai\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43793\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-ky-nang-song\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-47130\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/pl-bai-hoc-cuoc-song\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43786\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-thien-ngu-thien\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Thi\u1ec1n &#8211; Ng\u1eef thi\u1ec1n<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43788\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-loi-day-co-duc\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">L\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ee9c<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43795\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-tam-ly-hoc\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43809\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-van-hoc-phim-anh\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">V\u0103n h\u1ecdc &#8211; phim \u1ea3nh<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43789\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-nho-giao\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Nho gi\u00e1o<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43790\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-thien-chua-cong-giao\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa &#8211; c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43791\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-ton-giao-khac\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43792\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-truyen-dan-gian-ngu-ngon\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Truy\u1ec7n d\u00e2n gian &#8211; ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43794\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-trai-nghiem-tac-gia\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43810\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-hien-tuong-ky-bi\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef3 b\u00ed<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43796\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-y-hoc-co\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Y h\u1ecdc &#8211; c\u1ed5<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43797\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-suy-ngam\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Suy ng\u1eabm<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43872\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-nghien-cuu\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43873\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-danh-nhan-nguoi-noi-tieng\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">Danh nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/a><\/li>\n<li class=\"menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-43798\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/cnpl-ban-doc-gui\/\" class=\"elementor-item\" tabindex=\"-1\">B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc g\u1eedi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7cf9e20\" data-id=\"7cf9e20\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1236b678 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1236b678\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>[ad_1]<\/p><h3 class=\"tt-detail box_qc_cen1\">M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t di b\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a sinh &#8211; l\u00e3o &#8211; b\u1ec7nh &#8211; t\u1eed hay sinh &#8211; tr\u1ee5 &#8211; ho\u1ea1i &#8211; di\u1ec7t; trong khi sinh c\u00f3 v\u1ebb qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i so v\u1edbi di\u1ec7t ti\u1ec1m ph\u1ee5c tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a lu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 \u201cs\u1ed1ng g\u1eedi th\u00e1c v\u1ec1\u201d, hay \u201ccu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7n gian l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3\u201d.<\/h3><div class=\"f-detail box_f\"><!--<\/p>\n<div class=\"box_f_qc\">\n            \t<img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width:100%; height:auto;\" src=\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/Chuong-I-Lich-su-va-hoan-canh-Tay-Tang.png\"\/><\/div>\n<p>--><p>\u00a0<\/p><div style=\"text-align: justify;\">Audrey Hepburn, n\u1eef t\u00e0i t\u1eed Hollywood n\u1ed5i danh \u1edf th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950, mang v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho bao ch\u00e0ng trai m\u1edbi l\u1edbn th\u1eddi \u1ea5y t\u1eebng \u01b0\u01a1m m\u01a1 d\u1ec7t m\u1ed9ng. T\u00ecnh c\u1edd t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian.<\/div><div style=\"text-align: center;\"><a class=\"pic_zoom\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Dong-doi-Dong-thoi-gian-va-Dong-kinh.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Dong-doi-Dong-thoi-gian-va-Dong-kinh.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a><br \/>Audrey Hepburn\u00a0<\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><p>\u00d4i th\u1eddi gian! Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ta sinh ra th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5y r\u1ed3i. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n ti\u00ean t\u1ed5 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i <em>\u201cb\u1ea3n lai di\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c\u201d<\/em> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u00f4 \u1ea3nh, kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 to l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng sinh v\u1eadt, \u00edt ra l\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eady, d\u00f9 ta c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa n\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0n sau.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>T\u1eeb thu\u1edf xa x\u0103m m\u00e0 nay khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1m cho l\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ea7n 14 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m, Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 4 t\u1ef7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u0103m, sinh v\u1eadt ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 3 t\u1ef7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u0103m. T\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng (Homo erectus) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kho\u1ea3ng 10 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 1 tri\u1ec7u r\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua bao nhi\u00eau h\u1ec7 th\u00e1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a m\u1edbi c\u00f3 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan (Homo sapiens) ng\u00e0y nay.\u00a0<\/p><p>Trong khi \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 100 n\u0103m, so v\u1edbi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00e1y m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nhau, ch\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee3t \u0111i sau khi \u0111\u00f3ng xong vai tr\u00f2 <em>\u201chi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu\u201d<\/em> tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7 r\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec3u ra \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n s\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2 tri th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.\u00a0<\/p><p>H\u01a1n 1 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m t\u1eeb khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng suy t\u01b0, ta nh\u1eadn ra c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft bao sinh linh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng sao \u0111\u1ebfm xu\u1ec3 bao nhi\u00eau b\u1eadc qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, anh h\u00f9ng, th\u00e1nh ch\u1ee7, danh nh\u00e2n, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng vang tr\u1ea7m th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng sao qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i.<\/p><p>Th\u1ef1c ra tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 80 tu\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu b\u00ecnh an v\u00f4 s\u1ef1; trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb 60 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201cv\u00f4 t\u00edch s\u1ef1, ch\u1edd ng\u00e0y <em>\u201cv\u1ec1 qu\u00ea b\u00e1i t\u1ed5\u201d<\/em>; l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111i th\u00eam 20 hay 30 n\u0103m t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp th\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 cho l\u00e0 <em>\u201cc\u00f3 \u00edch\u201d<\/em> ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 40 n\u0103m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Trong ch\u1eebng \u1ea5y th\u1eddi gian, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i l\u0103n l\u1ed9n tranh gi\u00e0nh, gi\u1eabm \u0111\u1ea1p l\u1eabn nhau m\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng.<\/p><p>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i r\u1ed1t c\u1ee5c c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i, sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf duy tr\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i; mu\u1ed1n sinh t\u1ed3n th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i lo c\u00e1i \u0103n, c\u00e1i m\u1eb7c, ch\u1ed7 \u1edf. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 Sigmund Freud \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m <em>\u201cs\u1ef1 th\u00f4i th\u00fac t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c\u201d (sexual drives).<\/em> M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra th\u00ec ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh nam hay n\u1eef, ph\u1ea3i sinh t\u1ed3n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng giao gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y sang th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi n\u1ea3y sinh nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u00e0 d\u00e2n gian hay n\u00f3i <em>\u201cduy\u00ean ki\u1ebfp ba sinh\u201d.<\/em> T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ea3y sinh ra tham, s\u00e2n, si.<\/p><p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t sinh linh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef; m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tinh tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua bi\u1ebft bao tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi, v\u1edbi thi\u00ean th\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ee3i, nh\u00e2n h\u00f2a m\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian d\u0129 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0<\/p><p>M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t di b\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a sinh &#8211; l\u00e3o &#8211; b\u1ec7nh &#8211; t\u1eed hay sinh &#8211; tr\u1ee5 &#8211; ho\u1ea1i &#8211; di\u1ec7t; trong khi sinh c\u00f3 v\u1ebb qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i so v\u1edbi di\u1ec7t ti\u1ec1m ph\u1ee5c tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a lu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 <em>\u201cs\u1ed1ng g\u1eedi th\u00e1c v\u1ec1\u201d<\/em>, hay<em> \u201ccu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7n gian l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3\u201d.<\/em><\/p><p>M\u1ed9t sinh linh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u00f9y theo nh\u1eefng gene trong DNA m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i thay, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb b\u1ecb tai h\u1ecda b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1edfi sinh linh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eebng s\u00e1t na. V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u00fd c\u0169ng theo \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5i thay li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng. S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t \u1ea9n t\u00e0ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Trong s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Y h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (metabolism) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (anabolism) v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (catabolism). Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m <em>\u201cs\u1eafc t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb s\u1eafc\u2026 (T\u00e2m Kinh)<\/em>\u201d hay <em>\u201ctrong d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u00e2m, trong \u00e2m c\u00f3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026 (Kinh D\u1ecbch, N\u1ed9i Kinh)\u201d.\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p>C\u00e1i ngo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1m lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u1ed1n nh\u1edd c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng. N\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y b\u1ecb ng\u01b0ng tr\u1ec7 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa. C\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2u nh\u1eefng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ef9 mi\u1ec1u nam thanh n\u1eef t\u00fa nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n y\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eefa. V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng (Anitya) v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 (Anatma).<\/p><p>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 2 thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 th\u00e1i t\u1eed Siddharta Gautama, h\u1ecd Shakya (Th\u00edch Ca) \u1edf v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Kapilvastu (Ca T\u00ec La V\u1ec7) thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc \u1ea4n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh sinh l\u00e3o b\u1ec7nh t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o (dukkha) m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m quy\u1ebft t\u00ecm cho ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u kh\u1ed5. Khi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 (nay l\u00e0 Bodh Gaya) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 35, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 cho ch\u00fang sinh th\u1ea5y con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n t\u00e2m an l\u1ea1c ngay trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh v\u1ec1 c\u00f5i Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng an l\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00e9p th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng n\u00e0o.<\/p><p>Siddharta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi do k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n, g\u1ed3m s\u1eafc, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c. S\u1eafc l\u1ea1i do t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00f3, l\u1eeda t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. <em>\u201cT\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d<\/em> l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i n\u00f4m na \u1edf th\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 sinh h\u00f3a h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 carbohydrates, lipids v\u00e0 proteins.<\/p><p>Theo B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh th\u00ec b\u1ed1n u\u1ea9n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m \u00fd, ph\u1ea7n tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft m\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c, lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 l\u1ee5c c\u0103n g\u1ed3m nh\u00e3n &#8211; nh\u1ec9 &#8211; t\u1ef7 &#8211; thi\u1ec7t &#8211; th\u00e2n &#8211; \u00fd ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u1ee5c tr\u1ea7n: s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra tham s\u00e2n si: h\u1ec9, n\u1ed9, \u00e1i, \u1ed1, ai, l\u1ea1c, d\u1ee5c.\u00a0<\/p><p>Trong s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn n\u00e0y, s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 <em>\u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/em> n\u00ean m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec d\u00f2ng duy\u00ean sinh ra <em>\u201ckh\u1ed5\u201d<\/em> s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o lu\u00f4n l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb bi l\u00e0m tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1eb7ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m. Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh; \u00c1c t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u.<\/p><p>Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p vi di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng qua kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi thi\u00ean ng\u00f4n v\u1ea1n ng\u1eef r\u1ed1t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u xoay quanh m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef <em>\u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/em>, T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng, hay Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh. N\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hai \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt:\u00a0<\/p><p>1. Ph\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca \u0111\u1ea3n sinh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 558 TTL v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n 80 n\u0103m sau. X\u00e1 l\u1ee3i Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u00ed trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p kh\u1eafp \u00c1 ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd c\u00fang trong c\u00e1c t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n.\u00a0<\/p><p>2. Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt do \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca ch\u1ec9 ra l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ef3 l\u00f4 gi\u00e1 na t\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 Ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hay Ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh (dharmat\u0101) hay T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng. Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n bao tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi, c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian. Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5, Bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft x\u1ee9, hay b\u1ea5t sinh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, hay B\u1ea3n lai di\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c.\u00a0<\/p><p>3. B\u00e1o th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i h\u00f3a.<\/p><p>Khi ta c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sinh. Kinh Kim Cang ghi:\u00a0<\/p><p><em>\u201cN\u00e0y Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1, \u00fd \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 sao? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai ch\u0103ng?\u00a0<\/em><\/p><p><em><br \/><\/em><em>B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 do th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u01b0 Lai. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao?<\/em><\/p><p><em>Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1: Ph\u00e0m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee9c th\u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai\u201d<\/em> hay <em>\u201cn\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng s\u1eafc th\u1ea5y Ta, d\u00f9ng \u00e2m thanh c\u1ea7u Ta, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai\u201d.<\/em><\/p><p>Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<em> \u201ct\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d<\/em> n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Hippocrates (kho\u1ea3ng 460 TTL) \u1edf Ti\u1ec3u \u00c1 (Asia Minor), m\u00e0 T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 y t\u1ed5, n\u00eau ra trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft sinh d\u1ecbch (theory of humors) c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Theo \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng do b\u1ed1n ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1eeda. M\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t &#8220;sinh d\u1ecbch&#8221; ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng sinh h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1: m\u1eadt \u0111en, \u0111\u1eddm, m\u00e1u v\u00e0 m\u1eadt v\u00e0ng.<\/p><p>Heraclitus, tri\u1ebft gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi Persia (535 TCN \u2013 475 TCN), \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng cho \u201cB\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ch\u00faa tr\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau nhi\u00ean n\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1eeda\u201d. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u201clogos\u201d l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u00ednh t\u1ed1i cao, c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a l\u1eeda&#8230; T\u01b0 duy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3i ra ch\u00e2n l\u00fd (t\u1ee9c logos) l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1edd l\u1eafng nghe n\u00f3. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n logos l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u2026 v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o logos. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u1ecfa th\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o (Zoroastrianism) kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong v\u00f9ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u1ea5y hay kh\u00f4ng? Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o sau n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>\u201cNg\u00f4i L\u1eddi\u201d.<\/em><\/p><p>\u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: <em>\u201cKh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eafm hai l\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/em> V\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay suy t\u01b0 th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng <em>\u201cD\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea3y gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 nhau trong hai kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc (s\u00e1t na) li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp\u201d.<\/em><\/p><p>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb mai m\u1ed9t. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 3500 TTL, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sumerian \u1edf v\u00f9ng L\u01b0\u1ee1ng H\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c ra ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft; v\u00e0 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 Chu, kho\u1ea3ng 2000 n\u0103m TTL. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9c th\u1eddi h\u1eadu s\u1eed. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef bao g\u1ed3m l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf n\u00ean si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1edd n\u00f3 m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng t\u00e2m \u00fd l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p><p>Th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh quanh ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ng\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec9. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi s\u00e1ng tr\u01b0a chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i, r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng v\u1edbi tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n tr\u0103ng khuy\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n h\u1ea1 thu \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t xung quanh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c ra n\u00e0o c\u00f3 bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9.\u00a0<\/p><p>N\u1ebfu v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 chung. N\u1ebfu ta \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Kinh Kim Cang (\u0111o\u1ea1n 31) th\u00ec ta n\u00ean thuy\u1ebft c\u00e2u n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: <em>\u201cN\u00e0y B\u1ea1n, n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i t\u1ee9c ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a\u201d.<\/em> C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a g\u00ec? T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ta m\u01b0\u1ee3n ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra theo giao \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p><p>B\u1edfi:<\/p><p><em>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi,<br \/>Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng, huy\u1ec5n, b\u00e0o, \u1ea3nh,<br \/>Nh\u01b0 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1edbp,<br \/>H\u00e3y qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<br \/>\u00a0<\/em><br \/>V\u1eady s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u1edbi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh qua c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Ren\u00e9 Descartes <em>\u201cje pense, donc je suis; Cogito, ergo sum &#8211; T\u00f4i t\u01b0 duy, n\u00ean t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu\u201d<\/em> d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc quy\u1ebft ch\u1ebb s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c l\u00e0m t\u01b0, l\u00e0m t\u00e1m m\u00e0 \u2018c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt tr\u00ed tri\u2019. T\u01b0 duy hay l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u00fd c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cT\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng; ch\u1ec9 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh th\u1ea7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n&#8230;\u201d V\u1eady th\u00ec tr\u1ebb con d\u01b0\u1edbi 13 tu\u1ed5i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 <em>\u201chi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu\u201d<\/em> \u01b0?<\/p><p>Nh\u01b0ng Descartes \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i r\u1ea5t xa, ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/p><p>Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd th\u00eam v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i g\u00e2y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i r\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1edbi n\u1ea3y sinh ra v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi g\u1eafm nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n, hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p><p>Heidegger &#8211; m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan trong h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Descartes &#8211; \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1927 cho r\u1eb1ng: t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. <em>&#8220;\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc th\u1ef1c&#8221;<\/em> r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (v\u00ec) l\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft&#8221; l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc th\u1ef1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Dasein (s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Dasein, trong khi \u201ccogito sum\u201d ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00ec l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft th\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Dasein c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201csum moribundus\u201d (T\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i)\u2026, s\u1ef1 h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean cho SUM (s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu) \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3&#8221;.<\/p><p>V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ch\u01b0a ai n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u201ct\u01b0 duy\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t; v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u00f9y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n B\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec <em>\u201cT\u01b0 duy l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u2013 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u01b0 duy ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1ch quan d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v.v&#8230;\u201d<\/em><\/p><p>Theo tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc duy t\u00e2m kh\u00e1ch quan, t\u01b0 duy l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a <em>&#8220;\u00fd ni\u1ec7m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i&#8221;<\/em> v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng si\u00eau t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Theo George Wilhemer Fridrick Hegel: <em>&#8220;\u00dd ni\u1ec7m tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0 duy, trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u01b0 bi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i&#8221;<\/em>. Karl Marx nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: <em>&#8220;\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Hegel, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch h\u00f3a d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi &#8220;\u00fd ni\u1ec7m&#8221; l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c; hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00fd ni\u1ec7m&#8221;.<\/em><\/p><p>Tuy v\u1eady nhu c\u1ea7u giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Ngay t\u1eeb khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1ecf h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy.<\/p><p>Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi n\u1ea3y ra t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c. Xem ra k\u00fd \u1ee9c hay tr\u00ed nh\u1edb \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c; nh\u1edd n\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u k\u00fd \u1ee9c t\u1eeb trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1edf h\u1eefu. Quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea7n kinh b\u1ea9m sinh nh\u01b0 Down\u2019s syndrome, \u0111i\u00ean lo\u1ea1n (Schizophrenia), m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed (Alzheilmer), hay h\u00f4n m\u00ea, s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt sau m\u1ed9t tai bi\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n kinh v.v&#8230; th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng thuy\u1ebft cho h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf, B\u00e1t ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1o, V\u00f4 ng\u00e3, V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi, quy lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 (Nghi\u1ec7p), hay Ph\u00e1p Tr\u1ee5 T\u00e2m v.v&#8230;<\/p><p>V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian tr\u00f4i theo m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb sinh \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn sinh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed kh\u00e1c. X\u00e9t cho k\u0169 th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 hay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta cho l\u00e0 <em>\u201cv\u1eeba\u201d <\/em>c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ed9i bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef k\u00fd \u1ee9c cho ta c\u00e1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u00f4m con th\u01a1 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef th\u01a1 ng\u00e2y h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Kh\u00f4ng ai t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a d\u0129 v\u00e3ng, gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 <em>\u201ct\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u201d<\/em> trong th\u1eddi gian, b\u1edfi n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ed1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u00fd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p><p>\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m \u2013 v\u1eadt l\u00fd hay n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, sinh di\u1ec7t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi th\u1eddi gian; v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau trong \u0111\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ea1t na (manas), th\u1ee9c suy ngh\u0129 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c (vij\u00f1\u0101na). T\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed.<\/p><p>M\u1ecdi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 k\u00fd \u1ee9c hay tr\u00ed nh\u1edb nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh cho khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Henry Gustav Molaison, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00ean t\u1eaft l\u00e0 H.M. \u00d4ng sinh n\u0103m 1926; n\u0103m 7 tu\u1ed5i b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u do tai n\u1ea1n xe \u0111\u1ea1p; n\u0103m 16 tu\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n co gi\u1eadt nguy hi\u1ec3m (severe epileptic seizures). N\u0103m\u00a0 27 tu\u1ed5i, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u1ea7n kinh William Beecher Scoville \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, g\u1ed3m th\u00f9y th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc (anterior temporal lobe), ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ea1ch h\u1ea1nh nh\u00e2n (amygdala) v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng h\u1ea3i m\u00e3\u00a0 (hippocampus) \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 \u1edf B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Hartford, Connecticut, 1953. Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n.<\/p><p>Sau cu\u1ed9c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng (profound amnesia); \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt kho\u1ea3ng 10 n\u0103m. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi ph\u00f2ng trong 5 ho\u1eb7c 10 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb g\u00ec v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Qua c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n H.M, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng th\u00f9y th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng (temporal lobes) v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng h\u1ea3i m\u00e3 (hippocampus) r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho tr\u00ed nh\u1edb v\u00e0 l\u01b0u gi\u1eef k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m.<\/p><p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi, kho\u1ea3ng n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch \u1edf c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 \u00c2u. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd sau khi ng\u1ed9 ra c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, thi\u00ean h\u00e0 hay \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa, nhu c\u1ea7u giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Ngay t\u1eeb khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1ecf h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy.<\/p><p>D\u0129 nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafc m\u1eafc \u201cS\u1eafc th\u00e2n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e3, c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e3, t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e3, h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e3, th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u00e3. V\u1eady th\u00ec c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 n\u00e0o l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi v\u00f4 ng\u00e3?\u201d. Kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam d\u1ea1y: <em>&#8220;Nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ebft duy t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o&#8221; (M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o)<\/em>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y t\u00f9y theo tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c hay gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba b\u1eadc, b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e3 hay c\u00e1i t\u00f4i l\u00e0 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u1edf ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfp sau; b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 hai d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 trong ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong ki\u1ebfp sau; b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 ba d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 huy\u1ec5n \u1ea3o: ng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 trong ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u1edf ki\u1ebfp sau. <em>(Trung \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi hay thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u2013 Paticca Samupp\u0101da)<\/em>. S\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y.<\/p><p>L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong kinh Kim cang c\u00f3 c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u1ed5i danh <em>\u201c\u01afng v\u00f4 s\u1edf tr\u1ee5, nhi sanh k\u1ef3 t\u00e2m\u201d<\/em>. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3 th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9. S\u1edf tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o ta, t\u1ee9c <em>\u201cng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7\u201d<\/em> m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed5i thay m\u00e0 ta c\u1ee9 mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o ch\u00fang th\u00ec d\u0129 nhi\u00ean h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng cu\u1ed3ng m\u00ea. T\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 ta lu\u00f4n nghe c\u00e1c chi\u00eau b\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb <em>\u201c\u2026mu\u00f4n n\u0103m\u201d<\/em>.\u00a0 Hay t\u00ecnh y\u00eau trai g\u00e1i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f2i <em>\u201cy\u00eau nhau \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi sau\u201d. <\/em>Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng ca th\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng theo ki\u1ec3u <em>\u201cs\u1eafc t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb s\u1eafc\u2026\u201d<\/em> th\u00ec c\u0169ng l\u00e0 <em>\u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0\u201d.<\/em><\/p><p>Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 pha tr\u1ed9n ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u, b\u00f9a ch\u00fa, l\u1eeba m\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n l\u00ean thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng hay \u0111\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c; m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng hay chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y l\u00e0<em> \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/em> n\u00ean n\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfc \u00f4t\u00f4 \u1ea5y th\u00e2n ta v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u1ea5n g\u00ec. Ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu nh\u01b0ng ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3; ch\u00fang c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 v\u0129nh c\u1eefu theo d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00ec th\u1ebf ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean kh\u01b0 kh\u01b0 v\u00ec l\u00f2ng ham mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang.\u00a0<\/p><p>Th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh cao l\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o ch\u00fang do kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t tham s\u00e2n si m\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o th\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5p. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf b\u1ed1 th\u00ed. H\u00e3y l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n ch\u1edb ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. H\u00e3y s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00ec c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 c\u00f2n lo \u00e2u phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n th\u1ecd kh\u1ed5. Ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1ebft, mi\u1ec5n b\u00e0n.<\/p><p>Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. Ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra hay bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 cha m\u1eb9, \u00f4ng b\u00e0, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ta bi\u1ebft bao \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu hay t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng v\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. S\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 to\u00e0n l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 h\u00ed lu\u1eadn cho vui, n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng&#8230; quan t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t an l\u1ea1c trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/p><p>Nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y: <em>\u201cKh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i, ta s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3; T\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh th\u1eafp \u0111u\u1ed1c l\u00ean m\u00e0 \u0111i\u201d.<\/em><\/p><p><em>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1edd tr\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt<br \/>Hay th\u1ea7n linh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf<br \/>N\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh v\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<br \/>Th\u00ec ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean<\/em><\/p><p><em><br \/><\/em><em>Khi m\u00ea th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9<br \/>Khi ng\u1ed9 th\u00ec t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9<br \/>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ea7u<br \/>C\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/em><\/p><p>M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, 2018\u00a0<\/p><\/div><div style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/vuonhoaphatgiao.com\/goc-suy-ngam\/dong-doi-dong-thoi-gian-va-dong-kinh\/\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">&#8220;D\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi, D\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 D\u00f2ng kinh&#8221;<\/span><\/a><br \/><span style=\"color: #008000;\">Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m &#8211; <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/vuonhoaphatgiao.com\/goc-suy-ngam\/dong-doi-dong-thoi-gian-va-dong-kinh\/\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\">V\u01b0\u1eddn hoa Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/div><div class=\"clear\">\u00a0<\/div><\/div><p>[ad_2]<\/p><p>Ngu\u1ed3n : <a href=\"https:\/\/vuonhoaphatgiao.com\/goc-suy-ngam\/dong-doi-dong-thoi-gian-va-dong-kinh\/\">Source link vuonhoaphatgiao.com<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ef8d600 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ef8d600\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-802431c\" data-id=\"802431c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e288eb1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e288eb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"43704\" class=\"elementor elementor-43704\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5e45ae42 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5e45ae42\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-de263d9\" data-id=\"de263d9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-759b25d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"759b25d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>C\u1ea9m nang cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng &#8211; T\u00e2m h\u1ecdc 2022 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch Online chia s\u1ebb , t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y , kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft m\u00e0 T\u00e2m h\u1ecdc c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home [ad_1] M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t di b\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a sinh &#8211; l\u00e3o &#8211; b\u1ec7nh &#8211; t\u1eed hay sinh &#8211;\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":50236,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_canvas","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[452,435,204],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-17880","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cnpn-ban-ve-kiep-nhan-sinh","category-pl-khoa-hoc-hien-dai","category-suy-ngam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17880","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17880"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17880\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":50241,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17880\/revisions\/50241"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17880"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17880"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17880"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=17880"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}