{"id":1994,"date":"2020-09-13T20:23:26","date_gmt":"2020-09-13T20:23:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=1994"},"modified":"2020-09-13T20:23:26","modified_gmt":"2020-09-13T20:23:26","slug":"hanh-phuc-chan-thuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/09\/13\/hanh-phuc-chan-thuc\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ea1nh Ph\u00fac ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&nbsp;14\/03\/2012 23:07:00&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.daophatngaynay.com\/vn\/author\/admin\/\">Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu \u0110\u1ee9c<\/a>\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc: 3988&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/giacngogiaithoat\/Hanhphucchanthuc_files\/like.htmlC\u1ee1 ch\u1eef:&nbsp;<a href=\"javascript:tsz('article_body','12px')\"><\/a><a href=\"javascript:tsz('article_body','18px')\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/giacngogiaithoat\/Hanhphucchanthuc_files\/Corbis_42_20408300_741603367.jpg\" alt=\"image\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 10 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u00f4ng Alan Wallace v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 t\u00f4i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00d4ng Alan Wallace l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u \u00dd th\u1ee9c Santa Barbara (Santa Barbara Institute for Consciousness Studies), m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c phi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c. N\u1ed9i dung cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0&nbsp;&nbsp;<em>Gernuine Happiness: Meditation as Path to<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Fulfillment&nbsp;<\/em>(H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt: th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u1edd con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh) m\u00e0 \u00f4ng m\u1edbi cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Theo \u00f4ng Alan Wallace, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac kh\u00f4ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ee5c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ta, v\u00e0o th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ee3 hay ch\u1ed3ng ta, v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m hay s\u1ed3 ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 10 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac n\u1ebfu c\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Theo \u00f4ng, c\u00f3 4 \u0111i\u1ec1u gi\u00fap mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.&nbsp;<strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/strong>: l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng trong gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1nh hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i ai, \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i n\u1eb7ng l\u1eddi v\u1edbi ai, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m.&nbsp;<strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 hai<\/strong>: l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac thay v\u00ec kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, qua s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec1u l\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an trong t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, trong l\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh x\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.&nbsp;<strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ba<\/strong>: l\u00e0 \u0111i t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u201cTa mang l\u1ea1i g\u00ec cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y ?\u201d, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai l\u00e0 ri\u00eang r\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn, xin k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u00e1o ch\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u. Chuy\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chuy\u1ec7n th\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn gi\u1ed1ng y nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec7n kinh d\u1ecb, ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf. Annie L\u00ea, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 8-9-2009. N\u0103m ng\u00e0y sau, ng\u00e0y 13-9, l\u1ebd ra \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p \u1ea5y, c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y thi th\u1ec3 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb nh\u00e9t v\u00e0o h\u1ed1c t\u01b0\u1eddng d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. C\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00f3p c\u1ed5 ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf cho t\u1edbi ch\u1ebft. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft g\u00ec, cho th\u1ea5y hy v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm ra th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t mong manh. R\u1ea5t may, s\u1ef1 nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 khu tr\u00fa \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o Raymond Clark III, 27 tu\u1ed5i, l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 Annie L\u00ea c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean th\u1ebb ra v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Clark cho th\u1ea5y h\u1eafn l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00f4 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Clark \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e9t th\u1ebb ra v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 10 l\u1ea7n trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ebft x\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Clark \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o AND cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa h\u1eafn ta v\u1edbi thi th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a L\u00ea. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Clark \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng qua n\u1ed5i b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i khi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 17-9 h\u1eafn b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. Ng\u00e0y 6-10 -2009. Clark \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u00f2a nh\u01b0ng y kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0o. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00e0 h\u1eafn b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khai v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 \u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. Th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n phi\u00ean to\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh phi\u00ean x\u1eed ti\u1ebfp theo di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20-10. N\u1ebfu Clark v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng khai th\u00ec theo nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u tra vi\u00ean M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u1ee5 \u00e1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o Clark ch\u1ecbu khai tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f2a, m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f2\u201d. Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u00e0 Clark nh\u1eabn t\u00e2m g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft cho c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb \u0111ang c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u00e1ng r\u1ee1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Raymond Clark III l\u00e0 thanh ni\u00ean c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Clark tuy khi\u00eam nh\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 h\u00e8n k\u00e9m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u00e1c s\u00fac v\u1eadt th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 Annie L\u00ea \u0111ang l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0, \u0111\u00e1i th\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Clark ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n \u00e1n ti\u1ec1n s\u1ef1, khi m\u1edbi b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 \u00e1n, h\u1eafn ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u th\u1ee7 b\u00f3ng r\u1ed5 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1, lu\u00f4n t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n vi\u00ean gi\u00fap \u0111\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 gia c\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0. Nh\u01b0ng khi Clark b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y: t\u00ednh kh\u00ed l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1m, \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n, hay g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, th\u01b0\u1eddng xem ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy v\u1eady, theo b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Brandfort, Conneticut, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003, t\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c. Gi\u1eefa Clark v\u00e0 L\u00ea ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f9 o\u00e1n ri\u00eang, kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, c\u1edb sao h\u1eafn l\u1ea1i nh\u1eabn t\u00e2m d\u00f9ng tay b\u00f3p c\u1ed5 c\u00f4 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft ? Cho t\u1edbi nay, c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u1ee5 gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e9 m\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda t\u00ecm ra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u00ed \u1ea9n. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u00f3p c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft do ngh\u1eb9t th\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec \u201cs\u1ef1 ghen t\u1ef5\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9\u201d m\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Levin c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Northern University cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201c Relative&nbsp; deprivation\u201d t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m h\u00e8n k\u00e9m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u201d, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 MCHKT\u0110. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1966 b\u1edfi BS Runciman v\u00e0 m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1980 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n. C\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0o danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea9m tra r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Nh\u01b0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ednh luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi danh m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m \u1ea7m \u0129. C\u00f2n MCHKT\u0110 t\u1eeb l\u00fac ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn 14 n\u0103m sau m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Braithwaite, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao t\u1ed9i \u00e1c gia t\u0103ng t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 sau th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 II, khi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n. Khi \u0111\u00f3, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng lao c\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed5 n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1 l\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfn th\u00e2n c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 x\u00e1n l\u1ea1n c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, b\u1ecb cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 MCHKT\u0110 x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thua k\u00e9m c\u00f3 m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 tr\u00fat s\u1ef1 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn \u1ea5y v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng k\u1ebb c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1 xa gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u (t\u1ee9c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u00fac v\u1eadt th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m), nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 th\u00f9 h\u1eadn nhau c\u1ea3. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng l\u1eabn nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh MCHKT\u0110 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 bi \u0111\u00e1t. BS Levincho r\u1eb1ng: \u201c C\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t nhau qu\u00e1 xa nh\u01b0 Annie L\u00ea l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam da m\u00e0u nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh t\u1ea1i Yale tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng x\u00e1n l\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1eafp l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi, c\u00f2n Raymond l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 da tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m\u201d. Suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec1 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Clark. H\u1eafn lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb gi\u00e0y v\u00f2: \u201ctrong khi c\u00f4 ta \u0111ang tham gia v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 \u0111i t\u00ecm thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nan y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean danh ti\u1ebfng&nbsp; c\u00f2n m\u00ecnh th\u00ec s\u1ebd su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi lau ch\u00f9i t\u1ea1i c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 u t\u1ed1i v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng \u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Levin c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m l\u00fd n\u1eefa g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i Annie L\u00ea. \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u201cTh\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c theo \u00fd m\u00ednh \u201d (Controlling behavior). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng hay d\u1ec5 n\u00f3ng gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Clark l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh chu\u1ed1ng th\u00fa ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng theo l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn k\u1ec1. Clark xem ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u00e2n theo s\u1ef1 mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3. T\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t an th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00ec s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh ch\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng ai, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi L\u00ea v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u L\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c l\u1eddi n\u00f3i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m m\u00e0 Clark c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00f3p c\u1ed5 L\u00ea ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1eadt ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean&nbsp; v\u1eabn l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft. Tr\u1eeb khi Raymond Clark III khai ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f2a \u00e1n, m\u1ecdi l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 g\u00e1i M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Annie L\u00ea ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00f2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1ee5 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. C\u00f4ng l\u00fd c\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ea3n \u00e1n th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng cho v\u1ee5 \u00e1n t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i \u201cM\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m h\u00e8n k\u00e9m h\u00f3a r\u1ed3\u201d hay ch\u01b0a. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc, ph\u1ea3i chi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, Alan Wallace v\u00e0 Raymond Clark III, c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp g\u1eb7p nhau. Trong \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 g\u1eb7p nhau \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n Raymond Clark III c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Alan Wallace (nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t xa c\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ecdc) th\u00ec s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Raymond Clark III s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i ai, \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i n\u1eb7ng l\u1eddi v\u1edbi ai, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m\u201d nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng Alan Wallace n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed V\u0103n H\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;&nbsp;14\/03\/2012 23:07:00&nbsp;Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu \u0110\u1ee9c\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc: 3988&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/giacngogiaithoat\/Hanhphucchanthuc_files\/like.htmlC\u1ee1 ch\u1eef:&nbsp; Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 10 ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1995,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-1994","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giac-ngo-giai-thoat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1994","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1994"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1994\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1996,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1994\/revisions\/1996"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1995"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1994"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1994"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1994"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=1994"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}