![\"image\"\/](\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/giacngogiaithoat\/Docthemvaiyvebatnhatamkinh_files\/batnhatamkinh_206122614.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt trong Kinh DN 1 (Kinh Ph\u1ea1m V\u00f5ng) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 d\u00f2 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: “C\u00e1c s\u01b0, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c, s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m, kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, b\u00ecnh an v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng, V\u01af\u1ee2T QUA C\u1ea2NH GI\u1edaI C\u1ee6A L\u00dd LU\u1eacN, vi t\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ra b\u1edfi b\u1eadc tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7…”<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd trong B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nh\u01b0 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp b\u00e0i \u201cSuy Ngh\u0129 T\u1eeb B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh\u201d (1)<\/strong>, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 Kinh T\u1ea1ng Pali. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho vi\u1ec7c tu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp. B\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9m ch\u1eef, bi\u1ebft l\u1ed1i th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o B\u1ea3n T\u00e2m (n\u00f3i theo Thi\u1ec1n) hay v\u00e0o T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng (n\u00f3i theo Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u0103n, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tu. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 tranh bi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3u th\u1ebf tr\u00ed. B\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn theo c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n KH\u00d4NG PH\u1ea2I KH\u00d4NG, KH\u00d4NG PH\u1ea2I C\u00d3<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ee9c, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y xin t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Na Ti\u00ean T\u1ef3 Kheo n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 Na Ti\u00ean, v\u00ec s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Na Ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ed7ng rang kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh (ch\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e1 nhau theo lu\u1eadt duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi); v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u1ed7 xe, v\u00ec g\u1ecdng xe, tr\u1ee5c xe, mui xe\u2026 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 xe, ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 xe (t\u1ee9c, n\u00f3i theo Kinh Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng, huy\u1ec5n, b\u00e0o, \u1ea3nh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn (d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 suy lu\u1eadn) s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho th\u1ea5y th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng. D\u1eabn th\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng khi c\u1ed7 xe t\u1edbi, c\u1ed7 xe l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta, \u00e2m thanh c\u1ed7 xe ch\u1ea1y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe b\u00ean tai ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n\u2026 khi xe ch\u1ea1y qua xong, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1eafng-\u1ea3nh, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1eafng-ti\u1ebfng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i v\u1eafng \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft v\u00e0 tai. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh hay kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng hay kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfng, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao tr\u00f9m trong G\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2m R\u1ed7ng Rang V\u1eafng L\u1eb7ng Chi\u1ebfu S\u00e1ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u n\u01a1i h\u1eefu v\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n k\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7. Ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 v\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng, g\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 v\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi G\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2m b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1eef g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec G\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2m l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u01a1. T\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u01af\u1ee2T NGO\u00c0I L\u00dd LU\u1eacN, XA L\u00ccA 62 T\u00c0 KI\u1ebeN<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt trong Kinh DN 1 (Kinh Ph\u1ea1m V\u00f5ng) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 d\u00f2 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: “C\u00e1c s\u01b0, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c, s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m, kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, b\u00ecnh an v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng, V\u01af\u1ee2T QUA C\u1ea2NH GI\u1edaI C\u1ee6A L\u00dd LU\u1eacN, vi t\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ra b\u1edfi b\u1eadc tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/em>..” (2)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u00fd lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 d\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kinh n\u00e0y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 ra 62 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf. V\u00e0 khi n\u00f3i c\u00f3, n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng hay \u0111o\u1ea1n trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1eadt. Do v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ai t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh, gi\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, gi\u1ecfi bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1ch th\u1ea5y an to\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: gi\u1eef t\u00e2m v\u00f4 s\u1edf tr\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o. Vua Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1edb d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng<\/em>\u201d (h\u1eefu, v\u00f4 c\u00e2u b\u1ea5t l\u1eadp<\/em>). \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t trong Kinh Bahiya l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe\u2026<\/em>\u201d nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1edbi 62 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n KH\u00d4NG H\u1ec0 C\u00d3 M\u1eaeT TAI M\u0168I L\u01af\u1ee0I TH\u00c2N \u00dd<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh c\u00f3 c\u00e2u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201cKh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 M\u1eaft, Tai, M\u0169i, L\u01b0\u1ee1i, Th\u00e2n, \u00dd; Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1eedi\u2026<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u n\u00e0y trong T\u1ea1ng Pali n\u1eb1m trong Kinh T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng SN 4.19, tr\u00edch d\u1ecbch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2026 nh\u01b0ng, \u00c1c Ma, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eaft, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n x\u00fac v\u00e0 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a [nh\u00e3n] th\u1ee9c \u2013 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ee1i \u00c1c Ma (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n\u2026)\u2026 T\u00e2m l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i, h\u1ee1i \u00c1c Ma, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u01a1i\u2026; nh\u01b0ng, h\u1ee1i \u00c1c Ma, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1a cho th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u2013 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho ng\u01b0\u01a1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ee1i \u00c1c Ma<\/em>.\u201d (3)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111ang thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, \u0111ang n\u00f3i c\u01b0\u1eddi\u2026 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1eaft tai m\u0169i l\u01b0\u1ee1i th\u00e2n \u00fd\u2026 N\u01a1i n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh hay tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1eaft tai m\u0169i l\u01b0\u1ee1i th\u00e2n \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc xa l\u00eca \u00c1c Ma. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a 84 ng\u00e0n ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 84 ng\u00e0n c\u1eeda gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, nghe \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u2026 N\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 d\u1ef1a thu\u1ea7n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u00fd lu\u1eadn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eeda v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m Kinh, v\u00ec T\u00e2m Kinh n\u00e0y ph\u00e1 g\u1ee1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 62 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Than \u00f4i, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng lo tu \u0111i, sao c\u1ee9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u00fd lu\u1eadn h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p m\u00e0 v\u1eb7n ch\u1eef. L\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra C\u00f3 v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1edb h\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn ra c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a xa l\u00eca m\u1ecdi l\u00fd lu\u1eadn, c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a xa l\u00eca m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00c1T NH\u00c3 T\u00c2M KINH L\u00c0 T\u00c2M TH\u01af\u1edcNG \u0110\u1ecaNH<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 s\u01b0 Trung Hoa v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ecdi r\u1eb1ng B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u00ednh t\u00ed b\u1ee5i n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng khi v\u00e0o S\u01a1 Thi\u1ec1n, Nh\u1ecb Thi\u1ec1n\u2026 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nghe g\u00ec d\u00f9 l\u00e0 500 c\u1ed7 xe ch\u1ea1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t? V\u1eady, \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m Kinh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i trong Kinh AN 3.63 r\u1eb1ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong 4 t\u1ea7ng Thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean, trong \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u1ee9 V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean, v\u00e0 trong Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh. T\u00f3m g\u1ecdn kinh n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh ba \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0o t\u1ea5ng Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 hai, v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 ba, v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0… “trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ta \u0111i kinh h\u00e0nh (tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1: \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i), th\u1eddi trong l\u00fac \u1ea5y, ch\u1ed7 kinh h\u00e0nh (\u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i) c\u1ee7a Ta thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean.<\/em>..”<\/p>\n\n\n\n R\u1ed3i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1, T\u1eeb, Bi, H\u1ef7, X\u1ea3… “trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ta \u0111i kinh h\u00e0nh (\u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i), th\u1eddi trong l\u00fac \u1ea5y, ch\u1ed7 kinh h\u00e0nh (\u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i) c\u1ee7a Ta thu\u1ed9c Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean<\/em>…”<\/p>\n\n\n\n R\u1ed3i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5, \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e2m Tham, \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e2m S\u00e2n, \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00e2m Si… “trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ta \u0111i kinh h\u00e0nh (\u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i), th\u1eddi trong l\u00fac \u1ea5y, ch\u1ed7 kinh h\u00e0nh (\u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i) c\u1ee7a Ta thu\u1ed9c b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh.<\/em>..”<\/p>\n\n\n\n Xin m\u1eddi xem b\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Bhikkhu Bodhi v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u \u1edf link (4)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y: Do duy\u00ean n\u00e0o m\u00e0 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh? Khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t m\u1eaft tai m\u0169i l\u01b0\u1ee1i th\u00e2n \u00fd th\u00ec l\u1ea5y ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o cho t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n Do v\u1eady, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh l\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i minh ch\u00fa, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fa, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00fa, l\u00e0 hay tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y kh\u1ed5, l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i. Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n TR\u01af\u1edaC M\u1eaeT, B\u00caN TAI B\u1ea2N NHI\u00caN THANH T\u1ecaNH<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t l\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe r\u1eb1ng c\u00f5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f5i kh\u1ed5, nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u00fd, nghe g\u00ec c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t to\u00e0n, m\u00e0 h\u1ec5 kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch l\u00e0 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc v\u01b0\u1edbng li\u1ec1n. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0, T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta tu h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Sanh Di\u1ec7t T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Do v\u1eady, th\u1eafc m\u1eafc l\u00e0, t\u1ea1i sao B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cV\u00f4 Kh\u1ed5 T\u1eadp Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ea1o\u201d\u2026 <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, t\u1ea1i sao B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh d\u00e1m vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf\u201d\u2026 b\u1edfi v\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o s\u1eafc thanh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb x\u00fac ph\u00e1p?<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f3 v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y khi gi\u1ea3ng B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u01a1i, th\u1eed nh\u00ecn ng\u00f3 xem\u2026 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c. Tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Cho n\u00ean, Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh l\u00e0m kinh nh\u1eadt t\u1ee5ng v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p qua b\u1edd b\u00ean kia. T\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ed1n ng\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp. V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfp. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 g\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Sanh T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf, hay l\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u00e1c T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf, v\u00ec khi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp G\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2m R\u1ed7ng Rang L\u1eb7ng Chi\u1ebfu xong l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tu n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng B\u1ed9, Kinh SN 35.191 – Kotthita Sutta c\u00f3 ghi l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Sariputta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho ng\u00e0i Maha Kotthita r\u1eb1ng, tr\u00edch d\u1ecbch:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2026 m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00f4ng xi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00f4ng xi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tham \u00e1i v\u00e0 m\u00ea \u0111\u1eafm n\u00e0o kh\u1edfi l\u00ean d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o hai c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 (m\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y): n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u00f4ng xi\u1ec1ng. Tai kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00f4ng xi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe\u2026 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, m\u0169i l\u01b0\u1ee1i th\u00e2n \u00fd)\u2026 N\u1ebfu m\u1eaft l\u00e0 g\u00f4ng xi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, hay n\u1ebfu c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00f4ng xi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft, th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u00e1nh h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2026\u201d<\/em> (5)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n .<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eea T\u01af\u1edeNG T\u1edaI V\u00d4 T\u01af\u1edeNG<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e2u: Th\u1ecb c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng trung v\u00f4 s\u1eafc, v\u00f4 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n Hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0: Do v\u1eady trong c\u00e1i Kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh, l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ec1 \u201ct\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d \u2013 ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 \u201cperception,\u201d \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a theo Bhikkhu Bodhi l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt (hay m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng). Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0111\u00e2y c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3,\u201d hay l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft. N\u00f3 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt\u2026 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/em>.\u201d (6)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 khi th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i ABC s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ABC m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i XYZ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong Kinh AN 9.16, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i tu 9 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, t\u1ea5t s\u1ebd v\u00e0o Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n (ghi ch\u00fa: t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 x\u1ea3 ly m\u00f3n \u0103n, n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 4 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m — \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ef1c th\u00f4 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ebf, x\u00fac th\u1ef1c, t\u01b0 ni\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c).<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u nh\u01b0 sau, tr\u00edch to\u00e0n v\u0103n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u201c\u2014N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00f3 ch\u00edn t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n, c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn, th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, l\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t t\u1eed l\u00e0m c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ch\u00edn?<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebft, t\u01b0\u1edfng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n, t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ean v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 tr\u00ean kh\u1ed5, t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn, t\u01b0\u1edfng ly tham.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, ch\u00edn t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m sung m\u00e3n, c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn, th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, l\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t t\u1eed l\u00e0m c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh.\u201d<\/em> (7)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Theo Kinh v\u1eeba d\u1eabn, tu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o trong 9 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, hay t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, hay t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi l\u00e0 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh, nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng, c\u1ee7a G\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2m R\u1ed7ng Rang L\u1eb7ng Chi\u1ebfu, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec1u tan v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n Di\u1ec7u T\u00e2m. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00fang ta n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn ra Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 Th\u1eddi Snp 4.9 trong nh\u00f3m Kinh T\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Kinh Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9, tr\u00edch d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 xa l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edfng, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u00ea l\u1ea7m g\u00ec,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n h\u1ecd lang thang tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, c\u1ee9 xung \u0111\u1ed9t m\u00e3i. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n .<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Khantipalo l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n For one detached from perception, there exist no ties,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n for one by wisdom freed, no delusions are there,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n but those who have grasped perceptions and views,<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n they wander the world stirring up strife.<\/em> (https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/en\/snp4.9<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n .<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ebfu nghi ng\u1edd b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch v\u1eeba d\u1eabn, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y (http:\/\/www.realbuddhaquotes.com\/people-with-opinions-just-go-around-bothering-each-other\/<\/a>) l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n Nam T\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n Kinh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a T\u1ea1ng Pali.<\/p>\n\n\n\n NGUY\u00caN GI\u00c1C<\/p>\n\n\n\n GHI CH\u00da:<\/p>\n\n\n\n (1)<\/strong> Suy Ngh\u0129 T\u1eeb B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh. https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/a28857\/suy-nghi-tu-bat-nha-tam-kinh<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n (2)<\/strong> \u201cThere are, bhikkhus, other dhammas, deep, difficult to see, difficult to understand, peaceful and sublime, beyond the sphere of reasoning, subtle, comprehensible only to the wise…” https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/en\/dn1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n (3)<\/strong> Kinh SN 4.19, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i: \u201c…but, Evil One, where there is no eye, no forms, no eye-contact and its base of consciousness\u2014there is no place for you there, Evil One…. The mind is yours, Evil One, mental phenomena are yours, mind-contact and its base of consciousness are yours; but, Evil One, where there is no mind, no mental phenomena, no mind-contact and its base of consciousness\u2014there is no place for you there, Evil One.\u201d https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/en\/sn4.19<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n (4)<\/strong> Kinh AN 3.63. Ti\u1ebfng Anh: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/en\/an3.63<\/a> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/vn\/an3.63<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n (5)<\/strong> Kinh SN 35.191: \u201c\u2026the eye is not the fetter of forms, nor are forms the fetter of the eye. Whatever desire & passion arises in dependence on the two of them: That is the fetter there. The ear is not the fetter of sounds… If the eye were the fetter of forms, or if forms were the fetter of the eye, then this holy life for the right ending of stress & suffering would not be proclaimed.\u201d – https:\/\/www.accesstoinsight.org\/tipitaka\/sn\/sn35\/sn35.191.than.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n (6)<\/strong> Bhikkhu Bodhi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edfng: The characteristic of perception is the perceiving of the qualities of the object. Its function is to make a sign as a condition for perceiving again that “this is the same,” or its function is recognizing what has been previously perceived. It becomes manifest as the interpreting of the object…by way of the features that had been apprehended. (https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sa%E1%B9%83j%C3%B1%C4%81<\/a>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n