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<\/figure>\n\n\n\nT\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 01. L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 02. L\u1eddi N\u00f3i \u0110\u1ea7u<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 03. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 01. Trong t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 04. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 02. V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 05. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 03. T\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 06. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 04. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 07. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 05. \u0110\u01b0a t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 08. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 06. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 09. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 07. Bardo v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 10. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 08. \u0110\u1eddi n\u00e0y: Bardo t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 11. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 09. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m linh<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 12. Ph\u1ea7n 1: S\u1ed1ng – 10. T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 13. Ph\u1ea7n 2: Ch\u1ebft – 11. L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 14. Ph\u1ea7n 2: Ch\u1ebft – 12. L\u00f2ng bi m\u1eabn: vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u00fd<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 15. Ph\u1ea7n 2: Ch\u1ebft – 13. Gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 tinh th\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 16. Ph\u1ea7n 2: Ch\u1ebft – 14. H\u00e0nh tr\u00ec cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 17. Ph\u1ea7n 2: Ch\u1ebft – 15. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 18. Ph\u1ea7n 3: Ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh – 16. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 19. Ph\u1ea7n 3: Ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh – 17. Tia s\u00e1ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 20. Ph\u1ea7n 3: Ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh – 18. Trung \u1ea5m (Bardo) t\u00e1i sinh<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 21. Ph\u1ea7n 3: Ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh – 19. Gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 22. Ph\u1ea7n 3: Ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh – 20. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea9n t\u1eed: n\u1ea5c thang l\u00ean tr\u1eddi?<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 23. Ph\u1ea7n 4: K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn – 21. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 24. Ph\u1ea7n 4: K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn – 22. S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh<\/a><\/li>
- T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 25. Ph\u1ea7n 4: K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn – Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n
THE TIBETAN BOOK OF LIVING AND DYING – Sogyal Rinpoche – Ni s\u01b0 Th\u00edch N\u1eef Tr\u00ed H\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nV\u00e0o c\u00e1i \u0111\u00eam l\u1edbn lao \u1ea5y, khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kinh qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, “v\u1edbi tam \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0129nh, thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec5m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, an tr\u00fa b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng,” ng\u00e0i xoay ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ng\u00e0i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho ta kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 sau:
– Ta nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc: m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi, hai, ba, b\u1ed1n, n\u0103m \u0111\u1eddi,.. n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i, m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m \u0111\u1eddi… tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi, trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi ki\u1ebfp kh\u00e1c nhau. Ta bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u1ea5y: ch\u1ed7 \u1edf, t\u00ean h\u1ecd, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec. Ta kinh qu\u00e1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng may m\u1eafn b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ta trong m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i sinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ta nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. Minh n\u00e0y ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o canh \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam.
T\u1eeb thu\u1edf b\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 tin c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki t\u00f4 v\u00e0o thu\u1edf s\u01a1 khai c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5. Origen, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, \u0111\u00e3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng “s\u1ef1 c\u00f3-tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n” v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 ba:
– “M\u1ed7i linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi vinh quang hay b\u1ecb y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.”
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00e1i sinh, ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft ni\u1ec1m tin \u1ea5y qua t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c sinh, trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thi s\u0129 l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 Blake v\u00e0 Shelley, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gia Honor\u00e9 de Balzac. T\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tri ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Henry Ford, k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 gia n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft:
– T\u00f4i theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u00f4i h\u0103m s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft t\u00ed g\u00ec v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i ni\u1ec1m th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eadt v\u00f4 b\u1ed5 n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em theo c\u00e1i kinh nghi\u1ec7m ta thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp. Nh\u01b0ng khi t\u00f4i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 thuy\u1ebft t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 cho c\u00e1i kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3… T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n san s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ef1 an t\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang ta.
M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n Gallup v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u1ee9 b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin c\u00f3 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea l\u00e0m ta gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh, khi x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i m\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd khoa h\u1ecdc duy v\u1eadt h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.
Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u1edd m\u1edd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng sau khi ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tin n\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee9 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 “kh\u00f4ng tin” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau ch\u1ee9? Voltaire n\u00f3i:
– Chung quy, sinh ra l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng g\u00ec h\u01a1n chuy\u1ec7n sinh ra l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y.
T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi: “N\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb?” Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao “ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb” l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ta ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng? Chung quy, nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1, hay c\u1ee7a h\u00f4m qua, hay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ta v\u1eeba ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng k\u00ed \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n phai m\u1edd, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m hay ngh\u0129 v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 hai tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 ta c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao ta ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hay b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc?
\u0110\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f9a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi:
– C\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng g\u00ec? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau th\u00ec b\u1ea1n t\u00ednh sao? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh, khi b\u1ea1n tin r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau n\u00e0o c\u1ea3? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00fd h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi sau, hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3”? C\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau?
T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh:
– T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau, t\u1ea1i sao h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft gia l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t, th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00c1 ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd? Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u ngu c\u1ea3?
Ta h\u00e3y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nghe v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, hay ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5y, m\u00e0 ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u1ee9 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 M\u1ef9 ch\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “t\u00ecm ra,” c\u00f3 ai \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5y? Ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi t\u00ecm ra ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i tri ki\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ta v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i sinh.
May thay, chuy\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o trong ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m linh, nh\u01b0 tu thi\u1ec1n ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta, m\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u00ec khi t\u00e2m ta c\u00e0ng m\u1edf ra cho kinh nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, bao la v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh t\u00e2m, th\u00ec ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 lai l\u1ecbch m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 ta t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft th\u1eadt r\u00f5, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3, v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi sau \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn. Ta kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau, qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3.
V\u00c0I “B\u1eb0NG CH\u1ee8NG” V\u1ec0 T\u00c1I SINH
Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1edfi m\u1edf, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.
Trong s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m t\u00f4i th\u00edch th\u00fa \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng trung ni\u00ean \u1edf Norfolk, Anh qu\u1ed1c, t\u00ean Arthur Flowerdew. N\u0103m m\u01b0\u1eddi hai tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea3nh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t sa m\u1ea1c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong tr\u00ed \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ed5 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee9 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong tr\u00ed \u00f4ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi \u00f4ng nh\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n s\u1ecfi m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u cam tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea1nh nh\u00e0. Khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, l\u00ednh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb xuy\u00ean qua m\u1ed9t con k\u00eanh h\u1eb9p.
M\u00e3i l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 sau, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00ecnh c\u1edd, \u00f4ng xem m\u1ed9t phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Petra c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Jordan. \u00d4ng r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong tr\u00ed qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u1edf g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Petra. Nh\u1eefng linh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i BBC l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Jordan l\u01b0 \u00fd, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng phi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn Jordan c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean quay phim c\u1ee7a BBC.
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh, Arthur Flowerdew \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 Petra, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng n\u00f3i ra ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng \u1ea5y m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00e0i BBC ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Arthur Flowerdew v\u1ec1 Petra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i, \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh. Flowerdew n\u00eau l\u00ean ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m trong linh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 Petra: M\u1ed9t m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1 h\u00ecnh n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y \u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec.
Chuy\u00ean gia kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb c\u00f3 m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0 t\u1ecf v\u1ebb ho\u00e0i nghi. Khi \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u01b0a cho Flowerdew xem m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Petra, \u00f4ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u00ec Flowerdew ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1i n\u01a1i c\u00f3 di t\u00edch ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n. R\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng trung ni\u00ean n\u00e0y th\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 kia l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1ecdng g\u00e1c trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m l\u00ednh canh, c\u00e1ch hai ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Khi \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh Petra, Arthur Flowerdew ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ed7 m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1 k\u1ef3 b\u00ed, v\u00e0 khi v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn ngay v\u1ecdng g\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng m\u00e0 th\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec3m danh l\u00ednh g\u00e1c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t m\u1ee7i ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u01b0a khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y.
L\u00e0m sao gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Arthur Flowerdew ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i?
R\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb em nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ian Stevenson thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Virginia s\u01b0u t\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u00ed \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb em v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng k\u00ed \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a em.
T\u00ean em b\u00e9 l\u00e0 Kamaljit Kor, con m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh theo \u0111\u1ea1o Sikh \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Punjab \u1edf \u1ea4n. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia, khi \u0111i coi h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 v\u1edbi cha t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t khu l\u00e0ng, t\u00ecnh c\u1edd c\u00f4 b\u00e9 b\u1ea3o cha \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng xa. Cha c\u00f4 r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao. C\u00f4 b\u1ea3o:
– Con kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a con. Cha h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng \u1ea5y. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 con \u0111ang c\u1ee1i xe \u0111\u1ea1p th\u00ec ch\u00fang con b\u1ecb xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u1ee5ng. B\u1ea1n con ch\u1ebft ngay, con b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, tai, m\u0169i. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ed7 x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t gh\u1ebf d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a \u00e1n nh\u1ecf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5y. R\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a con ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u, cha m\u1eb9 b\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ec1u theo con \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5y. V\u00ec b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, h\u1ecd t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111i Ambala. Khi c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, con \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a con v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.
Cha c\u00f4 b\u00e9 l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m kinh ng\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00f4 b\u00e9 n\u0103n n\u1ec9, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn khu l\u00e0ng c\u00f4 mu\u1ed1n. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u1eadn ra ngay, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee5ng xe, v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc x\u00edch l\u00f4.
C\u00f4 b\u1ea3o xe ng\u1eebng khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 c\u00f4 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin c\u00f4, n\u00ean h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y xem h\u1ecd c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f4 Kamaljit Kour \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. H\u1ecd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha c\u00f4 b\u00e9 r\u1eb1ng Rishma, t\u00ean c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, khi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i, ch\u1ebft trong xe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1ef1c b\u1ed9i, b\u1ea3o c\u00f4 b\u00e9 h\u1ecd n\u00ean tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, song c\u00f4 \u0111i ngay t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 c\u0169, \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u00f4 ch\u1ee5p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn th\u00edch th\u00fa. Khi \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 Rishma \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u00ec c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u1eadn ra ngay, n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang t\u00ean h\u1ecd. C\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a cha c\u00f4 \u0111i xem nh\u1eefng ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c trong nh\u00e0. R\u1ed3i c\u00f4 \u0111\u00f2i nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc c\u0169, \u0111\u00f4i v\u00f2ng b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i n\u01a1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n m\u1edbi m\u00e0u mar\u00f4ng. C\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Rishma gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u0169 Rishma ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. H\u00f4m sau c\u00f4 g\u1eb7p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0 con c\u0169, v\u00e0 khi t\u1edbi gi\u1edd l\u00ean xe bu\u00fdt tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, c\u00f4 b\u00e9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu, b\u1ea3o cha r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 s\u1ebd \u1edf l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u0103n n\u1ec9 c\u00f4 b\u00e9 c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1.
Gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 r\u00e1p c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i. Kamalljit Kour \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng sau khi Rishma ch\u1ebft. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a \u0111i h\u1ecdc, em b\u00e9 v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ean b\u1ea1n trong t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Kamaljit c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i m\u1eb7c \u00e1o mar\u00f4ng. Cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 b\u00e9 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng Rishma \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o m\u00e0u \u1ea5y m\u00e0 em r\u1ea5t th\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c. \u0110i\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 em b\u00e9 nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc xe h\u01a1i b\u1ed7ng v\u1ee5t t\u1eaft tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0; c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u00fac em ch\u1ebft.
Ai mu\u1ed1n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac kh\u1ea3 t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi sau, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ecd xem nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn-t\u1eed. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sau khi ch\u1ebft; nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2m linh n\u00e0o:
B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tin ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, s\u1ee3 qu\u00e1. T\u00f4i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7m khi nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi sau, hay b\u1ea3o, “Ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1ebft.” T\u00f4i t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7: “H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3.”
\u201cC\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn cho t\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau.”
“T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lay chuy\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0i nghi g\u00ec n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ebft th\u1eadt an \u1ed5n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f2n g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 tr\u00e0n tr\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac…”.
“N\u00f3 cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho c\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y hay kh\u00e1c trong \u0111\u1eddi. V\u00e2ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau! \u0110\u1eb9p h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng! Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf!”
Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111? t\u00e0i \u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft h\u1ee5t sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1edfi m\u1edf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u00e1i sinh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i.
V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c to\u00e1n n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc? Nh\u01b0 Mozart n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea3n kh\u00fac, v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac sonatas v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i.
B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi:
– N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?
Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m “Myth of Er” (Huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 Er) Platon g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu tr\u00ed nh\u1edb n\u00e0y.
Er l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft tr\u1eadn, v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed r\u1ed3i s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Y th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n trong khi “ch\u1ebft,” v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nghe tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i sau khi ch\u1ebft ra th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, y th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i sinh ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n trong h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t gh\u00ea g\u1edbm qua “C\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng”, m\u1ed9t sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i. Khi chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n Con S\u00f4ng Th\u1ea5t Ni\u1ec7m, m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n h\u1ecd u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi u\u1ed1ng th\u00ec qu\u00ean h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1.
Er kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 khi th\u1ee9c d\u1eady y th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n h\u1ecfa, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nghe.
C\u00f3 ch\u0103ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt chung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ta h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 qu\u00ean h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia? Hay ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng k\u00ed \u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9?
\u0110\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau n\u1ebfu ta nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Hay l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta r\u1ed1i ren th\u00eam?
T\u00cdNH T\u01af\u01a0NG T\u1ee4C C\u1ee6A T\u00c2M TH\u1ee8C
Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn? N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. M\u1ed7i s\u00e1t na t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1t na t\u00e2m \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ee9a Dalai Lama gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau.
– C\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh, ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c vi t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i m\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed”. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 mi\u00ean vi\u1ec5n trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i sinh.
T\u00e2m c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “t\u00e2m hay th\u1ee9c” th\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00ec kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. R\u1ed3i kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “t\u00e2m hay th\u1ee9c\u201d lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ta th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c.
M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa c\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, khi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ch\u00fang sinh.
C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, t\u00e2m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n theo d\u1ea5u t\u00e2m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c – h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u2013 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00f4 bi\u00ean; b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1edfi th\u1ee7y.
B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1i sinh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c th\u00ec d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y.
\u1edfi th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1i sinh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c th\u00ec d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y.
Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tin \u1edf l\u00fd duy\u00ean sinh theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, hay nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1-sinh. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 duy\u00ean hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. B\u1edfi v\u1eady t\u00e2m hay th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3.
Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 duy\u00ean, c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5, ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra; v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u1eadt \u1ea5y, hay ph\u00e1p duy\u00ean sinh \u1ea5y. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e2m v\u00e0 th\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1i kia, songc \u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i kia… T\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau, song kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i “ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u” cho nhau.
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh. (*)
Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb ng\u1eef “t\u00e1i sinh” nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t “v\u1eadt” sinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, du h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t linh h\u1ed3n hay c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau khi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft \u0111i. C\u00e1i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp vi t\u1ebf s\u00e2u xa t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:
– Theo l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. C\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m s\u00e2u xa nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m \u1ea5y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eedu, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng gian. Trong \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng gian); trong \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng C\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec3m Linh Quang… \u0110i\u1ec3m Linh Quang, v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m.
C\u00e1ch t\u00e1i sinh x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau.
– Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i t\u00e1i sinh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t ng\u1ecdc trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i ng\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2u l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “linh h\u1ed3n,” xuy\u00ean qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ed9t ch\u00e2u; \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con x\u00fac x\u1eafc ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau, m\u1ed7i con x\u00fac x\u1eafc l\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 con \u1edf tr\u00ean n\u00f3, t\u1ef1 c\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau. Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng con x\u00fac x\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00ednh.
Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh duy\u00ean sinh hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00ednh n\u00e0y. B\u1eadc th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng Nagasena gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho vua Milinda trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nghi v\u1ea5n m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi ng\u00e0i.
Vua h\u1ecfi:
– Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba ch\u1ebft, hay l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c?
Nagasena tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:
– Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c… N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng?
– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3.
– Ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00e1y trong canh m\u1ed9t c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00e1y trong canh hai… hay canh cu\u1ed1i?
– Kh\u00f4ng.
– Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n canh m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c, ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n canh hai kh\u00e1c, ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n canh ba kh\u00e1c?
– Kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n \u1ea5y ch\u00e1y su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00eam.
– T\u00e1i sinh c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kia ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, hai c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc.
Nh\u00e0 vua xin m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 Nagasena \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi s\u1eefa:
– V\u00e1n s\u1eefa, b\u01a1, hay gia ua l\u00e0m ra t\u1eeb s\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi s\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1eefa.
Khi \u1ea5y vua h\u1ecfi:
– N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y qua th\u00e2n x\u00e1c kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc?
Nagasena cho t\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 sau \u0111\u00e2y:
– M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n tr\u1ed9m xo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Xo\u00e0i y l\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea1t y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? L\u00ed do y b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i y \u0103n tr\u1ed9m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng ra. C\u0169ng th\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ta trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, thanh t\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng thanh t\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111?i kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.
NGHI\u1ec6P
V\u00e0o canh hai, khi Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hay minh th\u1ee9 hai, b\u1ed5 t\u00fac cho tr\u00ed bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh hay t\u00fac m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ed, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.
“V\u1edbi thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh si\u00eau nh\u00e2n, Ta th\u1ea5y h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1 li\u1ec7t k\u1ebb cao sang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi may m\u1eafn k\u1ebb b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh t\u00f9y theo h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.”
(T\u00f9y nghi\u1ec7p th\u00fa tr\u00ed, li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n. D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3)
S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh hay ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Danh t\u1eeb karma, nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng,” v\u00e0 karma v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i.
C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p: Nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c gia, nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.
N\u00f3i gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec ta l\u00e0m, qua th\u00e2n, l\u1eddi hay \u00fd, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. M\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh vi, d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec1u mang n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ed9c d\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9t nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y:
– \u0110\u1eebng khinh vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1ecf; m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3m l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai.
Ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y:
– \u0110\u1eebng xem th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c; nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc tuy nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ed3.
Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u1edf ng\u00f2ai hay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian, l\u1eeda hay n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 ch\u00edn m\u00f9i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a ch\u00edn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u00edn, khi g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.
Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 sau nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp ch\u00fang ta. Khi \u1ea5y ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n, sinh ra ch\u00fang. Jigm\u00e9 Lingpa n\u00f3i:
– H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng \u0111ang bay cao tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. R\u1ed3i th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh n\u00f3 r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i, l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 s\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 khi n\u00f3 r\u1edbt xu\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.
Nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea1n, ngay c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi sau; ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf g\u00e1n m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t pha tr\u1ed9n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00edn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 “t\u00ecnh c\u1edd” x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, ta ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 “may m\u1eafn.” Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng sai kh\u00e1c k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta? D\u00f9 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay x\u1ee9 s\u1edf, hay trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau, khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau.
Nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y:
– Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ta l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0 g\u00ec t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ta l\u00e0m g\u00ec.
Padmasambhava c\u0169ng n\u00f3i:
– Mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n; mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.
THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1i sinh m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t b\u1edfi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ta trong \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh hay \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdat \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y theo ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ea7m m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.
V\u00e0o th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 l\u00e3o \u0103n xin t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a Ni\u1ec1m Vui.” B\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafm nh\u1eefng vua ch\u00faa v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf b\u00e0 \u0111i xin su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf. B\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u1ea5y \u0111i mua m\u1ed9t \u00edt d\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n d\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mua g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u00edt \u1ecfi \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng khi nghe b\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n c\u00fang Ph\u1eadt, anh ta th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i, cho b\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00edt d\u1ea7u b\u00e0 c\u1ea7n. B\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n:
– Con kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u00fang d\u00e2ng Ph\u1eadt, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng do s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, mong cho con \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Mong cho con gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i ngu si. Mong cho con t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u u\u1ebf ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.
\u0110\u00eam \u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00e1y h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 d\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o l\u00fac b\u00ecnh minh, ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 l\u00e3o v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e1y, khi t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 M\u1ee5c ki\u1ec1n li\u00ean \u0111i th\u00e2u l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n. Khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f2n ch\u00e1y s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea5c m\u1edbi, ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129: “Kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u00e1y v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y,” v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i c\u1ed1 th\u1ed5i t\u1eaft. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n v\u1eabn ch\u00e1y. Ng\u00e0i l\u1ea5y tay b\u00f3p, l\u1ea5y y ch\u1ee5p l\u00ean cho n\u00f3 t\u1eaft, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e1y s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u1eabn nh\u00ecn ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o:
– M\u1ee5c ki\u1ec1n li\u00ean, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng? \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 d\u1eadp cho n\u00f3 t\u1eaft. N\u1ebfu \u00f4ng \u0111em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng t\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2ng c\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed thanh t\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng.
Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i l\u1eddi n\u00e0y, th\u00ec b\u00e0 l\u00e3o \u0103n xin \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i l\u1eddi th\u1ecd k\u00ed cho b\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 “\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n.”
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang ta. Shantideva n\u00f3i:
– T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m vui c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi
\u0110\u1ec1u do mu\u1ed1n an l\u1ea1c cho k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c,
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y
\u0110\u1ec1u do mu\u1ed1n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.
V\u00ec lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh, m\u1ed7i khi ta h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 ta \u0111ang t\u1ef1 h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh; m\u1ed7i khi ta \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 ta \u0111ang \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama n\u00f3i:
– N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u00edch k\u1ec9, gi\u1eadn d\u1eef v\u00e2n v\u00e2n… v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, cho ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1n. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edch k\u1ec9 kh\u00f4n ngoan n\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u00edch k\u1ec9 d\u1ea1i d\u1ed9t th\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edch k\u1ec9 kh\u00f4n ngoan th\u00ec ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c.
Ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o t\u00e1i sinh cho ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu hay thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Ch\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u1ea5y m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y, l\u00e0m cho hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda n\u00f3; khi ta h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 ta b\u00edt l\u1ea5p n\u00f3. V\u00e0 khi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 n\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta, th\u00ec ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111au kh\u1ed5, b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n.
V\u1eady n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ra m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0:
– Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, mong mu\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u1ea5y.
\u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama n\u00f3i:
– Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y ch\u00f9a; kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i. Tr\u00ed n\u00e3o ta, tr\u00e1i tim ta l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a c\u1ee7a ta. Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1ed1t.
T\u00cdNH S\u00c1NG T\u1ea0O
Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh hay ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1eb1m trong tay ta, v\u00e0 trong tay c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i tim ta. Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y:
– Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129.
Nghi\u1ec7p s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 c\u00f4ng.
V\u00ec m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, tu\u00f4n ch\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c, n\u00ean c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gh\u00ea g\u1edbm v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u, – nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh t\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u00f3t \u2013 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c hay s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tu t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.
Milarepa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Du gi\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh. T\u00f4i c\u00f2n nh\u1edb h\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c minh h\u1ecda trong cu\u1ed1n t\u1eadp ch\u00e9p tay c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i. Khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb, Milapera \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd \u0103n n\u0103n s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nh\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1n m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Marpa, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9.
\u1ede T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i: “\u00c1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u hay, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a.” B\u1edfi v\u1eady lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 hy v\u1ecdng. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i gh\u00ea g\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1i ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o, c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng cho ta tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi d\u00e2y tr\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5.
Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra cho ta hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ta. N\u1ebfu ta bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i khi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 hay kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n gi\u00e1ng xu\u1ed1ng cho ta, ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xem ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i hay tai h\u1ecda, hay xem \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, hay t\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta xem \u0111au kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ta \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ed5i qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c c\u1ee7a ta.” Ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n n\u00ean c\u00e1m \u01a1n (s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5) v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p ta \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng “s\u1ef1 may m\u1eafn” m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i qua n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng “r\u1ee7i ro” k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a.
V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. H\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ee3i cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m.
H\u1ed3i t\u00f4i c\u00f2n b\u00e9, gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u00f4 b\u1ed9c k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u t\u00ean l\u00e0 A p\u00e9 Dorje th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t m\u1ef1c. \u00d4ng ta th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n, su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd h\u1ea1i ai. M\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i n\u00f3i hay l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng li\u1ec1n nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng n\u00f3i: “\u1ed2, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i.” b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea5y \u00f4ng gieo cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tai h\u1ea1i.
C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e1 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m? Khi ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh ta? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m \u0111en t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eafng cay, v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng \u0111en c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t? Ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng \u0111en \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng th\u1ebf, l\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu ta xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang, ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta.
B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u, n\u00f3 li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111au kh\u1ed5; khi ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.
TR\u00c1CH NHI\u1ec6M
T\u00f4i v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00fac \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed – m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u suy ngh\u0129 \u2013 l\u00e0 “s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi.” H\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i qua kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 qua, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u1ea9n \u00fd tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd kinh qu\u00e1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kinh kh\u1ee7ng.
“M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kinh qu\u00e1, v\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c… Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1ea5y tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c… T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ngay nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t.
\u201cCu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3i ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft t\u00f4i… m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3m x\u00fac t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y. V\u00e0 m\u1eaft t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1eddi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec b\u1ea5y nay \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c…
“T\u00f4i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m sung s\u01b0\u1edbng.
\u201c\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi \u00fd ngh\u0129 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129, m\u1ecdi l\u1eddi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m; c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u00fd ngh\u0129, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u1edf trong t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00f4i, d\u00f9 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng…; c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u00fd ngh\u0129, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i, lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eeda, gi\u00f3.\u201d
T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t th\u1ef1c nghi\u00eam t\u00fac. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u00e2t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 h\u1ecd coi th\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eadn t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0i nghi s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ban ng\u00e0y h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n coi khinh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng khi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u00eam, t\u00e2m h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng u \u00e1m v\u00e0 giao \u0111\u1ed9ng.
C\u1ea3 \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1eabn T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 “nghi\u1ec7p” ra \u0111\u1ec3
tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. \u1ede ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i c\u1edb kh\u1ecfi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 do c\u00e1i “nghi\u1ec7p” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi “t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do” \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tin v\u00e0o nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn qu\u00e1 l\u1ed1, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1ebfu ta gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 lo li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5y cho m\u00ecnh. Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o! C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ta n\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3: T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 h\u1ecd, khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam th\u00f3i \u00edch k\u1ec9 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng; nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 khi l\u00e0m th\u1ebf, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.
\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh qua h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129, m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ta ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111au kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ta, Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, th\u1ee9c d\u1eady trong ta. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, th\u00ec ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, gi\u00e1o l\u00fd d\u1ea1y ta, n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn to\u00e0n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00e0i d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi.
Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Ph\u1eadt xem nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, v\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ch\u00fang ta trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1i th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng-k\u00ec \u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta v\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00f4 t\u1eadn th\u00ec c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh d\u1ee5m \u0111u\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c r\u01b0\u1ee3u duy nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.
Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta tu\u00e2n theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi trong ta, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta thanh l\u1ecdc d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n kh\u01a1i d\u1eady tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.
Albert Einstein n\u00f3i:
– M\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong th\u1eddi-kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 t\u1ef1 xem m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 – \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \u1ea2o t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 giam gi\u1eef ch\u00fang ta, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1i tho\u00e1t m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9 \u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng v\u00f2ng bi m\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 sinh lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean trong v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.(1)
T\u00c1I SINH T\u1ea0I T\u00c2Y T\u1ea0NG
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u00e1i sinh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u1ede T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1i sinh (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tulkus) nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Khi m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ebft, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed th\u00e2n t\u00edn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u1ea5y hay b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u1ea5y sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ebfn hay chi\u00eam bao, n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng tulkus, v\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng hay linh ki\u1ebfn gi\u00fap \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem x\u00e9t c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng.
M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m k\u00ed \u1ee9c tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 kh\u1ecfi tan m\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3n lai di\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c – th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf “th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7t”. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1eeb l\u00fac tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u00e2m \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.
Nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ef1 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. S\u01b0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sanh c\u00f2n g\u1eaft gao h\u01a1n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tu s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.
\u0110\u00f4i khi h\u1ecd nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i:
– Chuy\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb t\u00e1i sanh nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u1ebb c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng kinh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai d\u1ea1y.
M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc qua \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea7y Jamyang Khientse t\u00f4i. Khi c\u00f2n b\u00e9, th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u00edn. Th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng trong am c\u1ed1c tr\u00ean n\u00fai. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng \u00f4ng b\u1eadn \u0111i l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ch\u1ebft \u1edf l\u00e0ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra \u0111i \u00f4ng d\u1eb7n th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n kinh nhan \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 “T\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng danh hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a V\u0103n th\u00f9,” m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i kinh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 d\u00e0i n\u0103m ch\u1ee5c trang, m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng m\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.
Nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ch\u00fa b\u00e9 kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng v\u1eeba \u0111i kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01a1i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh lo ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i n\u00ean kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc k\u1ebbo s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f2n, v\u00ec h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng t\u00ednh. Th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a cho \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ebf chi\u1ec1u, bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ta s\u1eafp v\u1ec1, m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ecdc qua b\u00e0i kinh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Khi v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 h\u1ecfi b\u00e0i, th\u00ec th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng s\u00f3t m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef.
Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng trong th\u00e2m t\u00e2m, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y bi\u1ebft th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u0103n th\u00f9, v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee5 cho ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng minh. Ch\u00fa b\u00e9 – t\u1ee9c th\u1ea7y Jamyang Khientse \u2013 khi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ai. V\u1ec1 sau th\u1ea7y Khientse vi\u1ebft trong t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ra.
C\u00e1i g\u00ec ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n v\u1ecb \u1ea5y? V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh th\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba \u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y h\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch nghi nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd.
C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 tinh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Quan \u00c2m, v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng bi m\u1eabn bao la.
L\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0m v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt-V\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n nay. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quan t\u00e2m nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi: V\u1eadt l\u00fd, Th\u1ea7n kinh h\u1ecdc, T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nghe theo m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i trong phong tr\u00e0o b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng trong cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng tr\u1ea3i qua b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1989. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u, trong kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00f4i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u00edch k\u1ec9 duy v\u1eadt. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, tuy th\u1ebf t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1edd ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, t\u00ednh h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama, t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt T\u1eeb Bi \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e2m nguy; ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n \u00c2m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng cho T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng hay cho Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, m\u00e0 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u1ea7n h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ee9c bi m\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh.
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau t\u00e1i sinh, bao nhi\u00eau v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i sinh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00e2m linh, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn Gandhi, Einstein, AbLincoln, M\u1eb9 Theresa, \u0111\u1ebfn Shakespeare, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1nh Francis, \u0111\u1ebfn Beethoven, \u0111\u1ebfn Michelangelo. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng nghe \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y, h\u1ecd li\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o ngay \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t. V\u00e0 m\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i nghe v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd, v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, tri ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecfa ra \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
19\/10\/2009 03:57:00 Sogyal Rinpoche – Th\u00edch N\u1eef Tr\u00ed H\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc: 4872 http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/nhanqualuanhoi\/Songtienhoanghiepvataisinh_files\/like.htmlC\u1ee1 ch\u1eef: T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 01. L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2087,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-2086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nhan-qua-nghiep-bao-luan-hoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2086"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2088,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions\/2088"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=2086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
THE TIBETAN BOOK OF LIVING AND DYING – Sogyal Rinpoche – Ni s\u01b0 Th\u00edch N\u1eef Tr\u00ed H\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00e0o c\u00e1i \u0111\u00eam l\u1edbn lao \u1ea5y, khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kinh qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, “v\u1edbi tam \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0129nh, thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec5m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, an tr\u00fa b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng,” ng\u00e0i xoay ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ng\u00e0i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho ta kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 sau: 19\/10\/2009 03:57:00 Sogyal Rinpoche – Th\u00edch N\u1eef Tr\u00ed H\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc: 4872 http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/nhanqualuanhoi\/Songtienhoanghiepvataisinh_files\/like.htmlC\u1ee1 ch\u1eef: T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft T\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft – 01. L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2087,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-2086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nhan-qua-nghiep-bao-luan-hoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2086"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2088,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions\/2088"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=2086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
– Ta nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc: m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi, hai, ba, b\u1ed1n, n\u0103m \u0111\u1eddi,.. n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i, m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m \u0111\u1eddi… tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi, trong c\u00e1c th\u1eddi ki\u1ebfp kh\u00e1c nhau. Ta bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u1ea5y: ch\u1ed7 \u1edf, t\u00ean h\u1ecd, gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec. Ta kinh qu\u00e1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng may m\u1eafn b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ta trong m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i sinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ta nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. Minh n\u00e0y ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o canh \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00eam.
T\u1eeb thu\u1edf b\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 tin c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki t\u00f4 v\u00e0o thu\u1edf s\u01a1 khai c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5. Origen, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, \u0111\u00e3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng “s\u1ef1 c\u00f3-tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n” v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 ba:
– “M\u1ed7i linh h\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1edfi vinh quang hay b\u1ecb y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.”
M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00e1i sinh, ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft ni\u1ec1m tin \u1ea5y qua t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c sinh, trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thi s\u0129 l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 Blake v\u00e0 Shelley, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn trong m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gia Honor\u00e9 de Balzac. T\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tri ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Henry Ford, k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 gia n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft:
– T\u00f4i theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u00f4i h\u0103m s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft t\u00ed g\u00ec v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i ni\u1ec1m th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eadt v\u00f4 b\u1ed5 n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em theo c\u00e1i kinh nghi\u1ec7m ta thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp. Nh\u01b0ng khi t\u00f4i kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 thuy\u1ebft t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 cho c\u00e1i kim \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3… T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n san s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ef1 an t\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang ta.
M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n Gallup v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u1ee9 b\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin c\u00f3 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea l\u00e0m ta gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh, khi x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i m\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd khoa h\u1ecdc duy v\u1eadt h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.
Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u1edd m\u1edd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng sau khi ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tin n\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee9 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 “kh\u00f4ng tin” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau ch\u1ee9? Voltaire n\u00f3i:
– Chung quy, sinh ra l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng g\u00ec h\u01a1n chuy\u1ec7n sinh ra l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y.
T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi: “N\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb?” Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao “ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb” l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ta ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng? Chung quy, nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m tu\u1ed5i th\u01a1, hay c\u1ee7a h\u00f4m qua, hay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ta v\u1eeba ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng khi ch\u00fang x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng k\u00ed \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n phai m\u1edd, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m hay ngh\u0129 v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 hai tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 ta c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao ta ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hay b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc?
\u0110\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f9a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi:
– C\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng g\u00ec? N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau th\u00ec b\u1ea1n t\u00ednh sao? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh, khi b\u1ea1n tin r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau n\u00e0o c\u1ea3? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00fd h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi sau, hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3”? C\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau?
T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi m\u00ecnh:
– T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau, t\u1ea1i sao h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft gia l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t, th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00c1 ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1ng ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd? Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u ngu c\u1ea3?
Ta h\u00e3y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nghe v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, hay ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5y, m\u00e0 ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u1ee9 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 M\u1ef9 ch\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “t\u00ecm ra,” c\u00f3 ai \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5y? Ngay c\u1ea3 sau khi t\u00ecm ra ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i tri ki\u1ebfn h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ta v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ta ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i sinh.
May thay, chuy\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o trong ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m linh, nh\u01b0 tu thi\u1ec1n ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, s\u1ebd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta, m\u00e0 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u00ec khi t\u00e2m ta c\u00e0ng m\u1edf ra cho kinh nghi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, bao la v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh t\u00e2m, th\u00ec ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 lai l\u1ecbch m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 ta t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00ecnh bi\u1ebft th\u1eadt r\u00f5, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3, v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi sau \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn. Ta kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau, qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c c\u00f3.
V\u00c0I “B\u1eb0NG CH\u1ee8NG” V\u1ec0 T\u00c1I SINH
Hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec h\u00e3y \u0111i\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1edfi m\u1edf, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.
Trong s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m t\u00f4i th\u00edch th\u00fa \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng trung ni\u00ean \u1edf Norfolk, Anh qu\u1ed1c, t\u00ean Arthur Flowerdew. N\u0103m m\u01b0\u1eddi hai tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea3nh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t sa m\u1ea1c. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong tr\u00ed \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ed5 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1. Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng n\u00e0y c\u1ee9 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong tr\u00ed \u00f4ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi \u00f4ng nh\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n s\u1ecfi m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u cam tr\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea1nh nh\u00e0. Khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean, nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, l\u00ednh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb xuy\u00ean qua m\u1ed9t con k\u00eanh h\u1eb9p.
M\u00e3i l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 sau, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00ecnh c\u1edd, \u00f4ng xem m\u1ed9t phim t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Petra c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Jordan. \u00d4ng r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong tr\u00ed qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u1edf g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Petra. Nh\u1eefng linh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0i BBC l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Jordan l\u01b0 \u00fd, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng phi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn Jordan c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean quay phim c\u1ee7a BBC.
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0nh, Arthur Flowerdew \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 Petra, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. Nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng n\u00f3i ra ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng \u1ea5y m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00e0i BBC ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Arthur Flowerdew v\u1ec1 Petra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i, \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh. Flowerdew n\u00eau l\u00ean ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m trong linh ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 Petra: M\u1ed9t m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1 h\u00ecnh n\u00fai l\u1eeda \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y \u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec.
Chuy\u00ean gia kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb c\u00f3 m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0 t\u1ecf v\u1ebb ho\u00e0i nghi. Khi \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u01b0a cho Flowerdew xem m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb Petra, \u00f4ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u00ec Flowerdew ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1i n\u01a1i c\u00f3 di t\u00edch ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n. R\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng trung ni\u00ean n\u00e0y th\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 kia l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1ecdng g\u00e1c trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m l\u00ednh canh, c\u00e1ch hai ng\u00e0n n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Khi \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh Petra, Arthur Flowerdew ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ed7 m\u1ecfm \u0111\u00e1 k\u1ef3 b\u00ed, v\u00e0 khi v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn ngay v\u1ecdng g\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3, v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng m\u00e0 th\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec3m danh l\u00ednh g\u00e1c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t m\u1ee7i ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u01b0a khai qu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u00e0y.
L\u00e0m sao gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Arthur Flowerdew ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i?
R\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb em nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ian Stevenson thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Virginia s\u01b0u t\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u00ed \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb em v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng k\u00ed \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a em.
T\u00ean em b\u00e9 l\u00e0 Kamaljit Kor, con m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh theo \u0111\u1ea1o Sikh \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Punjab \u1edf \u1ea4n. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia, khi \u0111i coi h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 v\u1edbi cha t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t khu l\u00e0ng, t\u00ecnh c\u1edd c\u00f4 b\u00e9 b\u1ea3o cha \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng xa. Cha c\u00f4 r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao. C\u00f4 b\u1ea3o:
– Con kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a con. Cha h\u00e3y \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng \u1ea5y. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 con \u0111ang c\u1ee1i xe \u0111\u1ea1p th\u00ec ch\u00fang con b\u1ecb xe bu\u00fdt \u0111\u1ee5ng. B\u1ea1n con ch\u1ebft ngay, con b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, tai, m\u0169i. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ed7 x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t gh\u1ebf d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a \u00e1n nh\u1ecf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5y. R\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a con ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u, cha m\u1eb9 b\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ec1u theo con \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5y. V\u00ec b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, h\u1ecd t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a con \u0111i Ambala. Khi c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, con \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a con v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0.
Cha c\u00f4 b\u00e9 l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m kinh ng\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00f4 b\u00e9 n\u0103n n\u1ec9, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn khu l\u00e0ng c\u00f4 mu\u1ed1n. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n, c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u1eadn ra ngay, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee5ng xe, v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc x\u00edch l\u00f4.
C\u00f4 b\u1ea3o xe ng\u1eebng khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 c\u00f4 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin c\u00f4, n\u00ean h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y xem h\u1ecd c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f4 Kamaljit Kour \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. H\u1ecd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha c\u00f4 b\u00e9 r\u1eb1ng Rishma, t\u00ean c\u00f4 g\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, khi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i, ch\u1ebft trong xe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1ef1c b\u1ed9i, b\u1ea3o c\u00f4 b\u00e9 h\u1ecd n\u00ean tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, song c\u00f4 \u0111i ngay t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 c\u0169, \u0111\u00f2i b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh c\u00f4 ch\u1ee5p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn th\u00edch th\u00fa. Khi \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 Rishma \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u00ec c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u1eadn ra ngay, n\u00f3i \u0111\u00fang t\u00ean h\u1ecd. C\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00f4, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a cha c\u00f4 \u0111i xem nh\u1eefng ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c trong nh\u00e0. R\u1ed3i c\u00f4 \u0111\u00f2i nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc c\u0169, \u0111\u00f4i v\u00f2ng b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i n\u01a1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n m\u1edbi m\u00e0u mar\u00f4ng. C\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Rishma gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u0169 Rishma ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. H\u00f4m sau c\u00f4 g\u1eb7p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0 con c\u0169, v\u00e0 khi t\u1edbi gi\u1edd l\u00ean xe bu\u00fdt tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, c\u00f4 b\u00e9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu, b\u1ea3o cha r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4 s\u1ebd \u1edf l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u0103n n\u1ec9 c\u00f4 b\u00e9 c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1.
Gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 r\u00e1p c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i. Kamalljit Kour \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng sau khi Rishma ch\u1ebft. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a \u0111i h\u1ecdc, em b\u00e9 v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, v\u00e0 nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ean b\u1ea1n trong t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Kamaljit c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i m\u1eb7c \u00e1o mar\u00f4ng. Cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 b\u00e9 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1eb1ng Rishma \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o m\u00e0u \u1ea5y m\u00e0 em r\u1ea5t th\u00edch, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c. \u0110i\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 em b\u00e9 nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc xe h\u01a1i b\u1ed7ng v\u1ee5t t\u1eaft tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0; c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u00fac em ch\u1ebft.
Ai mu\u1ed1n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac kh\u1ea3 t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi sau, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb h\u1ecd xem nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn-t\u1eed. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m x\u00e1c t\u00edn r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sau khi ch\u1ebft; nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e2m linh n\u00e0o:
B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tin ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat nghi ng\u1edd g\u00ec. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, s\u1ee3 qu\u00e1. T\u00f4i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7m khi nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi sau, hay b\u1ea3o, “Ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u1ebft.” T\u00f4i t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7: “H\u1ecd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3.”
\u201cC\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn cho t\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau.”
“T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lay chuy\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng tin c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0i nghi g\u00ec n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ebft th\u1eadt an \u1ed5n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f2n g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 tr\u00e0n tr\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac…”.
“N\u00f3 cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho c\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y hay kh\u00e1c trong \u0111\u1eddi. V\u00e2ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau! \u0110\u1eb9p h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng! Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf!”
Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u0111? t\u00e0i \u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft h\u1ee5t sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1edfi m\u1edf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u00e1i sinh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i.
V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c to\u00e1n n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb em c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc? Nh\u01b0 Mozart n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea3n kh\u00fac, v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac sonatas v\u00e0o n\u0103m t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i.
B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi:
– N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?
Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m “Myth of Er” (Huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 Er) Platon g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu tr\u00ed nh\u1edb n\u00e0y.
Er l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft tr\u1eadn, v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed r\u1ed3i s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Y th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n trong khi “ch\u1ebft,” v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nghe tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i sau khi ch\u1ebft ra th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, y th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i sinh ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n trong h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t gh\u00ea g\u1edbm qua “C\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng”, m\u1ed9t sa m\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i. Khi chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n Con S\u00f4ng Th\u1ea5t Ni\u1ec7m, m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n h\u1ecd u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi u\u1ed1ng th\u00ec qu\u00ean h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1.
Er kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 khi th\u1ee9c d\u1eady y th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean gi\u00e0n h\u1ecfa, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nghe.
C\u00f3 ch\u0103ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt chung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ta h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 qu\u00ean h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia? Hay ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m, ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng k\u00ed \u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9?
\u0110\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau n\u1ebfu ta nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Hay l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta r\u1ed1i ren th\u00eam?
T\u00cdNH T\u01af\u01a0NG T\u1ee4C C\u1ee6A T\u00c2M TH\u1ee8C
Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn? N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. M\u1ed7i s\u00e1t na t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1t na t\u00e2m \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ee9a Dalai Lama gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau.
– C\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh, ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c vi t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i m\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed”. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 mi\u00ean vi\u1ec5n trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i sinh.
T\u00e2m c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “t\u00e2m hay th\u1ee9c” th\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00ec kinh nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. R\u1ed3i kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “t\u00e2m hay th\u1ee9c\u201d lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ta th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c.
M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa c\u0169ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 th\u1ef1c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, khi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ch\u00fang sinh.
C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, t\u00e2m c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n theo d\u1ea5u t\u00e2m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, th\u00ec b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c – h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u2013 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00f4 bi\u00ean; b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1edfi th\u1ee7y.
B\u1edfi th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1i sinh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c th\u00ec d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y.
\u1edfi th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1i sinh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c th\u00ec d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y.
Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tin \u1edf l\u00fd duy\u00ean sinh theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, hay nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1-sinh. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 duy\u00ean hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. B\u1edfi v\u1eady t\u00e2m hay th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3.
Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 duy\u00ean, c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5, ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra; v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u1eadt \u1ea5y, hay ph\u00e1p duy\u00ean sinh \u1ea5y. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e2m v\u00e0 th\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1i kia, songc \u00e1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i kia… T\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau, song kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i “ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u” cho nhau.
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u00e1i sinh. (*)
Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb ng\u1eef “t\u00e1i sinh” nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t “v\u1eadt” sinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, du h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t linh h\u1ed3n hay c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau khi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft \u0111i. C\u00e1i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp vi t\u1ebf s\u00e2u xa t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:
– Theo l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. C\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m s\u00e2u xa nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m \u1ea5y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eedu, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng gian. Trong \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng gian); trong \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng C\u0103n b\u1ea3n, \u0111i\u1ec3m Linh Quang… \u0110i\u1ec3m Linh Quang, v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m.
C\u00e1ch t\u00e1i sinh x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau.
– Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i t\u00e1i sinh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t ng\u1ecdc trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i ng\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2u l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “linh h\u1ed3n,” xuy\u00ean qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ed9t ch\u00e2u; \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con x\u00fac x\u1eafc ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau, m\u1ed7i con x\u00fac x\u1eafc l\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 con \u1edf tr\u00ean n\u00f3, t\u1ef1 c\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nhau. Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng con x\u00fac x\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00ednh.
Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh duy\u00ean sinh hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u00ednh n\u00e0y. B\u1eadc th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng Nagasena gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho vua Milinda trong m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nghi v\u1ea5n m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi ng\u00e0i.
Vua h\u1ecfi:
– Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba ch\u1ebft, hay l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c?
Nagasena tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:
– Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c… N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng?
– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3.
– Ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00e1y trong canh m\u1ed9t c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n ch\u00e1y trong canh hai… hay canh cu\u1ed1i?
– Kh\u00f4ng.
– Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n canh m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c, ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n canh hai kh\u00e1c, ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n canh ba kh\u00e1c?
– Kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n \u1ea5y ch\u00e1y su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00eam.
– T\u00e1i sinh c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kia ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, hai c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc.
Nh\u00e0 vua xin m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 Nagasena \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi s\u1eefa:
– V\u00e1n s\u1eefa, b\u01a1, hay gia ua l\u00e0m ra t\u1eeb s\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi s\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1eefa.
Khi \u1ea5y vua h\u1ecfi:
– N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y qua th\u00e2n x\u00e1c kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc?
Nagasena cho t\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 sau \u0111\u00e2y:
– M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n tr\u1ed9m xo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Xo\u00e0i y l\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0m sao l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea1t y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? L\u00ed do y b\u1ecb ph\u1ea1t l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i y \u0103n tr\u1ed9m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng ra. C\u0169ng th\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ta trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, thanh t\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng thanh t\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111?i kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.
NGHI\u1ec6P
V\u00e0o canh hai, khi Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hay minh th\u1ee9 hai, b\u1ed5 t\u00fac cho tr\u00ed bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sinh hay t\u00fac m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ed, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.
“V\u1edbi thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh si\u00eau nh\u00e2n, Ta th\u1ea5y h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1 li\u1ec7t k\u1ebb cao sang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi may m\u1eafn k\u1ebb b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh t\u00f9y theo h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.”
(T\u00f9y nghi\u1ec7p th\u00fa tr\u00ed, li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n. D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3)
S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh hay ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Danh t\u1eeb karma, nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng,” v\u00e0 karma v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba l\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i.
C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p: Nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c gia, nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.
N\u00f3i gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec ta l\u00e0m, qua th\u00e2n, l\u1eddi hay \u00fd, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. M\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh vi, d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec1u mang n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ed9c d\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9t nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y:
– \u0110\u1eebng khinh vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c nh\u1ecf ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec n\u00f3 nh\u1ecf; m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3m l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf kh\u00f4 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai.
Ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y:
– \u0110\u1eebng xem th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c; nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc tuy nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ed3.
Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u1edf ng\u00f2ai hay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian, l\u1eeda hay n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00f3 ch\u00edn m\u00f9i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a ch\u00edn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u00edn, khi g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.
Th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 sau nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp ch\u00fang ta. Khi \u1ea5y ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n, sinh ra ch\u00fang. Jigm\u00e9 Lingpa n\u00f3i:
– H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng \u0111ang bay cao tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. R\u1ed3i th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh n\u00f3 r\u00ecnh m\u1ed3i, l\u1eb7n xu\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 s\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 khi n\u00f3 r\u1edbt xu\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.
Nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb tri\u1ec3n h\u1ea1n, ngay c\u1ea3 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi sau; ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf g\u00e1n m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t pha tr\u1ed9n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00edn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 “t\u00ecnh c\u1edd” x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 khi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, ta ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 “may m\u1eafn.” Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng sai kh\u00e1c k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang ta? D\u00f9 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay x\u1ee9 s\u1edf, hay trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c nhau, khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau.
Nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y:
– Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ta l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0 g\u00ec t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ta l\u00e0m g\u00ec.
Padmasambhava c\u0169ng n\u00f3i:
– Mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n; mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.
THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1i sinh m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t b\u1edfi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ta trong \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh hay \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb1ng sau nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdat \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y theo ph\u1ea1m vi t\u1ea7m m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.
V\u00e0o th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 l\u00e3o \u0103n xin t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “N\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a Ni\u1ec1m Vui.” B\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1eafm nh\u1eefng vua ch\u00faa v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf b\u00e0 \u0111i xin su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf. B\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u1ea5y \u0111i mua m\u1ed9t \u00edt d\u1ea7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n d\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mua g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n \u00edt \u1ecfi \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng khi nghe b\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n c\u00fang Ph\u1eadt, anh ta th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i, cho b\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00edt d\u1ea7u b\u00e0 c\u1ea7n. B\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n:
– Con kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u00fang d\u00e2ng Ph\u1eadt, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng do s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, mong cho con \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Mong cho con gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i ngu si. Mong cho con t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u u\u1ebf ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.
\u0110\u00eam \u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00e1y h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 d\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o l\u00fac b\u00ecnh minh, ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 l\u00e3o v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e1y, khi t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 M\u1ee5c ki\u1ec1n li\u00ean \u0111i th\u00e2u l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n. Khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f2n ch\u00e1y s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea5c m\u1edbi, ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129: “Kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u00e1y v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y,” v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i c\u1ed1 th\u1ed5i t\u1eaft. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n v\u1eabn ch\u00e1y. Ng\u00e0i l\u1ea5y tay b\u00f3p, l\u1ea5y y ch\u1ee5p l\u00ean cho n\u00f3 t\u1eaft, m\u00e0 n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u00e1y s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u1eabn nh\u00ecn ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o:
– M\u1ee5c ki\u1ec1n li\u00ean, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng? \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 d\u1eadp cho n\u00f3 t\u1eaft. N\u1ebfu \u00f4ng \u0111em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng t\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e8n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2ng c\u00fang v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed thanh t\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng.
Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i l\u1eddi n\u00e0y, th\u00ec b\u00e0 l\u00e3o \u0103n xin \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i l\u1eddi th\u1ecd k\u00ed cho b\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 “\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n.”
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00fang ta. Shantideva n\u00f3i:
– T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m vui c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi
\u0110\u1ec1u do mu\u1ed1n an l\u1ea1c cho k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c,
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y
\u0110\u1ec1u do mu\u1ed1n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.
V\u00ec lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh, m\u1ed7i khi ta h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 ta \u0111ang t\u1ef1 h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh; m\u1ed7i khi ta \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 ta \u0111ang \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama n\u00f3i:
– N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u00edch k\u1ec9, gi\u1eadn d\u1eef v\u00e2n v\u00e2n… v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, cho ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1n. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edch k\u1ec9 kh\u00f4n ngoan n\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u00edch k\u1ec9 d\u1ea1i d\u1ed9t th\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edch k\u1ec9 kh\u00f4n ngoan th\u00ec ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c.
Ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o t\u00e1i sinh cho ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu hay thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Ch\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh \u1ea5y m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y, l\u00e0m cho hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda n\u00f3; khi ta h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, l\u00e0 ta b\u00edt l\u1ea5p n\u00f3. V\u00e0 khi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 n\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta, th\u00ec ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111au kh\u1ed5, b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n.
V\u1eady n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat ra m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u00e1i sinh, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0:
– Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, mong mu\u1ed1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u1ea5y.
\u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama n\u00f3i:
– Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y ch\u00f9a; kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i. Tr\u00ed n\u00e3o ta, tr\u00e1i tim ta l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a c\u1ee7a ta. Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1ed1t.
T\u00cdNH S\u00c1NG T\u1ea0O
Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh hay ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1eb1m trong tay ta, v\u00e0 trong tay c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i tim ta. Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y:
– Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129.
Nghi\u1ec7p s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 c\u00f4ng.
V\u00ec m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, tu\u00f4n ch\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c, n\u00ean c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb gh\u00ea g\u1edbm v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u, – nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u1ec7nh t\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u00f3t \u2013 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c hay s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tu t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1.
Milarepa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Du gi\u00e0 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh. T\u00f4i c\u00f2n nh\u1edb h\u1ed3i nh\u1ecf t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edbn l\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c minh h\u1ecda trong cu\u1ed1n t\u1eadp ch\u00e9p tay c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i. Khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb, Milapera \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m ph\u00f9 th\u1ee7y, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd \u0103n n\u0103n s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nh\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1n m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Marpa, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. Ng\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9.
\u1ede T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i: “\u00c1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u hay, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecbnh h\u00f3a.” B\u1edfi v\u1eady lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 hy v\u1ecdng. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i gh\u00ea g\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1i ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o, c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i h\u1ee9ng cho ta tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi d\u00e2y tr\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5.
Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra cho ta hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ta. N\u1ebfu ta bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i khi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 hay kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n gi\u00e1ng xu\u1ed1ng cho ta, ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xem ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i hay tai h\u1ecda, hay xem \u0111au kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, hay t\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang ta xem \u0111au kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ta \u0111ang tr\u1ea3i qua c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 “m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ed5i qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c c\u1ee7a ta.” Ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n n\u00ean c\u00e1m \u01a1n (s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5) v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p ta \u0111ang \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng “s\u1ef1 may m\u1eafn” m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4i qua n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, nh\u01b0ng “r\u1ee7i ro” k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a.
V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. H\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. B\u1edfi th\u1ebf nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ee3i cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m.
H\u1ed3i t\u00f4i c\u00f2n b\u00e9, gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u00f4 b\u1ed9c k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u t\u00ean l\u00e0 A p\u00e9 Dorje th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t m\u1ef1c. \u00d4ng ta th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n, su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd h\u1ea1i ai. M\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i n\u00f3i hay l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng li\u1ec1n nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng n\u00f3i: “\u1ed2, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i.” b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea5y \u00f4ng gieo cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f3i quen m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tai h\u1ea1i.
C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng? H\u00e1 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ta ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m? Khi ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh ta? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m \u0111en t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eafng cay, v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng \u0111en c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t? Ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng \u0111en \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng th\u1ebf, l\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u1ebfu ta xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta, v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang, ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta.
B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u, n\u00f3 li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111au kh\u1ed5; khi ta c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.
TR\u00c1CH NHI\u1ec6M
T\u00f4i v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00fac \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, v\u00ec n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed – m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u suy ngh\u0129 \u2013 l\u00e0 “s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi.” H\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i qua kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 qua, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u1ea9n \u00fd tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, h\u1ecd kinh qu\u00e1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kinh kh\u1ee7ng.
“M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kinh qu\u00e1, v\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c… Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u1ea5y tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c… T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ngay nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t.
\u201cCu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i tr\u1ea3i ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft t\u00f4i… m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3m x\u00fac t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1eddi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y. V\u00e0 m\u1eaft t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1eddi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec b\u1ea5y nay \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c…
“T\u00f4i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m sung s\u01b0\u1edbng.
\u201c\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi \u00fd ngh\u0129 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129, m\u1ecdi l\u1eddi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m; c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u00fd ngh\u0129, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u1edf trong t\u1ea7m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00f4i, d\u00f9 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng…; c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u00fd ngh\u0129, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i, lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eeda, gi\u00f3.\u201d
T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t th\u1ef1c nghi\u00eam t\u00fac. Ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u00e2t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 h\u1ecd coi th\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eadn t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0i nghi s\u00e2u xa v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ban ng\u00e0y h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n coi khinh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng khi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh ban \u0111\u00eam, t\u00e2m h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng u \u00e1m v\u00e0 giao \u0111\u1ed9ng.
C\u1ea3 \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1eabn T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 “nghi\u1ec7p” ra \u0111\u1ec3
tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. \u1ede ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i c\u1edb kh\u1ecfi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 do c\u00e1i “nghi\u1ec7p” c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi “t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do” \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2y, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tin v\u00e0o nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn qu\u00e1 l\u1ed1, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 n\u1ebfu ta gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 lo li\u1ec7u l\u1ea5y cho m\u00ecnh. Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o! C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ta n\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3: T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 h\u1ecd, khi h\u1ecd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam th\u00f3i \u00edch k\u1ec9 v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng; nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111em l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 khi l\u00e0m th\u1ebf, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.
\u0110\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh qua h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129, m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ta ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111au kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ta, Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, th\u1ee9c d\u1eady trong ta. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c, ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, th\u00ec ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00f2ng s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, gi\u00e1o l\u00fd d\u1ea1y ta, n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn to\u00e0n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00e0i d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1eddi.
Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Ph\u1eadt xem nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi sau c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, v\u00ec c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ch\u00fang ta trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u00e1i th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng-k\u00ec \u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta v\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00f4 t\u1eadn th\u00ec c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3 \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh d\u1ee5m \u0111u\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c r\u01b0\u1ee3u duy nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3.
Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta tu\u00e2n theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi trong ta, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta thanh l\u1ecdc d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n kh\u01a1i d\u1eady tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.
Albert Einstein n\u00f3i:
– M\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong th\u1eddi-kh\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 t\u1ef1 xem m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 – \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \u1ea2o t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 giam gi\u1eef ch\u00fang ta, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau m\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1i tho\u00e1t m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9 \u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng v\u00f2ng bi m\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 sinh lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean trong v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.(1)
T\u00c1I SINH T\u1ea0I T\u00c2Y T\u1ea0NG
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u00e1i sinh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u1ede T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1i sinh (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tulkus) nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Khi m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ebft, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed th\u00e2n t\u00edn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u1ea5y hay b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u1ea5y sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t linh ki\u1ebfn hay chi\u00eam bao, n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng tulkus, v\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng hay linh ki\u1ebfn gi\u00fap \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ra, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem x\u00e9t c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng.
M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m k\u00ed \u1ee9c tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 kh\u1ecfi tan m\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh l\u00e0, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, b\u1ea3n lai di\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c – th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf “th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7t”. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1eeb l\u00fac tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh th\u00e2m \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.
Nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ef1 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u0103m s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. S\u01b0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sanh c\u00f2n g\u1eaft gao h\u01a1n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n tu s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y.
\u0110\u00f4i khi h\u1ecd nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i:
– Chuy\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb t\u00e1i sanh nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u1ebb c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng kinh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai d\u1ea1y.
M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc qua \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ea7y Jamyang Khientse t\u00f4i. Khi c\u00f2n b\u00e9, th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u00edn. Th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng trong am c\u1ed1c tr\u00ean n\u00fai. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng \u00f4ng b\u1eadn \u0111i l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ch\u1ebft \u1edf l\u00e0ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra \u0111i \u00f4ng d\u1eb7n th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n kinh nhan \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 “T\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng danh hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a V\u0103n th\u00f9,” m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i kinh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 d\u00e0i n\u0103m ch\u1ee5c trang, m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng m\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.
Nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ch\u00fa b\u00e9 kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng v\u1eeba \u0111i kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u01a1i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh lo ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i n\u00ean kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc k\u1ebbo s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f2n, v\u00ec h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 n\u00f3ng t\u00ednh. Th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a cho \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ebf chi\u1ec1u, bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ta s\u1eafp v\u1ec1, m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ecdc qua b\u00e0i kinh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Khi v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y k\u00e8m tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 h\u1ecfi b\u00e0i, th\u00ec th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng s\u00f3t m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef.
Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng trong th\u00e2m t\u00e2m, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y bi\u1ebft th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u0103n th\u00f9, v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7, v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee5 cho ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng minh. Ch\u00fa b\u00e9 – t\u1ee9c th\u1ea7y Jamyang Khientse \u2013 khi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ai. V\u1ec1 sau th\u1ea7y Khientse vi\u1ebft trong t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ra.
C\u00e1i g\u00ec ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n v\u1ecb \u1ea5y? V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh th\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba \u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y h\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch nghi nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd.
C\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 tinh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n s\u00f9ng b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Quan \u00c2m, v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng bi m\u1eabn bao la.
L\u1edbn l\u00ean \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0m v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt-V\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ee9c Dalai Lama h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n nay. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quan t\u00e2m nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi: V\u1eadt l\u00fd, Th\u1ea7n kinh h\u1ecdc, T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed nghe theo m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. S\u1ef1 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i trong phong tr\u00e0o b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng trong cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng tr\u1ea3i qua b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1989. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u, trong kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00f4i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u00edch k\u1ec9 duy v\u1eadt. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, tuy th\u1ebf t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1edf kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1edd ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p, t\u00ednh h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ee9c Dalai Lama, t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt T\u1eeb Bi \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e2m nguy; ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n \u00c2m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng cho T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng hay cho Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed, m\u00e0 cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang c\u1ea7n h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ee9c bi m\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh.
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ebd ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau t\u00e1i sinh, bao nhi\u00eau v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd l\u1eabn v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u00f2 c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i sinh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u00e2m linh, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn Gandhi, Einstein, AbLincoln, M\u1eb9 Theresa, \u0111\u1ebfn Shakespeare, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1nh Francis, \u0111\u1ebfn Beethoven, \u0111\u1ebfn Michelangelo. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng nghe \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y, h\u1ecd li\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o ngay \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t. V\u00e0 m\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i nghe v\u1ec1 h\u1ecd, v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m, tri ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecfa ra \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"