![\"image\"\/](\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/nietban\/Nietban_suchamdutluanhoi_files\/2_resize_985472019.jpg\")
<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\u1ede b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tu\u1ec7 tri s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 . . . Tham \u00e1i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. Ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng. Sanh t\u1eed \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i v\u1eaby tay ch\u00e0o t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, kh\u00f4ng nu\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tham \u00e1i hay ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng (bhava-ta.nhaa). Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c tham \u00e1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i sanh (sa’msaara) hay t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bhavacakka). N\u1ebfu \u0111au kh\u1ed5 (dukkha) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 sanh (jaati), gi\u00e0 (jaraa), ch\u1ebft (mara.na’m), s\u1ea7u (soka), bi (parideva), kh\u1ed5 (dukkha), \u01b0u (domanassa) v\u00e0 n\u00e3o (upaayaasa),[1] th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u1ed1i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 (anto dukkhassa)[2] l\u00e0 ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bhavanirodho nibbaana’m),[3] hay s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed5i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh sanh v\u00e0 t\u1eed (jaatimara.nassa anta’m). Theo h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sanh, m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh ra l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 minh (avijjaa), tham \u00e1i (ta.nhaa) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 (upaadaana). S\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u00e1c tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c (vijjaa) v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (pa~n~naa). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u C\u1ea3m H\u1ee9ng Ng\u1eef (Udaana): “sanh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh n\u1eefa.”[4] Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i 16\/10\/2009 04:41:00 Th\u00edch Nh\u1eadt Tu\u1ec7\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc: 7776 http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/dulieu\/giaophap\/nietban\/Nietban_suchamdutluanhoi_files\/like.htmlC\u1ee1 ch\u1eef: \u1ede b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2245,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-2244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-niet-ban"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2244"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2244\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2246,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2244\/revisions\/2246"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2245"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2244"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=2244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00f2ng sanh t\u1eed \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u1edf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ee9c Nh\u01b0 Lai, b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh ra trong \u0111\u1eddi, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c ch\u00fang ta \u1edf ch\u1ed7 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 sanh, gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u1edf nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng sau t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa. N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng (bhava-ta.nhaa) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i sanh th\u00ec s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ta kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng khi bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00e1i sanh nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bhava-ta.nthaa), \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gi\u1edd lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 xa l\u00e1nh c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. H\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra cho ch\u00fang ta con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111au kh\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c trong t\u1eebng ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.
Theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd (cetanaa) trong c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh vi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, “c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba t\u1ef1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.”[5] V\u00f2ng t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bhavacakka) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong chu\u1ed5i duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi (Pa.ticcasamuppaada), bao g\u1ed3m 12 m\u1eafc x\u00edch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (avijjaa) h\u00e0nh (sa.nkhaara), th\u1ee9c (vi~n~naa.na), t\u00e2m-v\u1eadt-l\u00fd (naama-ruupa), s\u00e1u gi\u00e1c quan (salaayatana), ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (phassa), c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd (vedanaa), tham \u00e1i (ta.nhaa), ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 (upaadaana), t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bhava), sanh (jaati), gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft (jaraa-mara.na).[6] C\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed5i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi \u0111a chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, trong \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t (vi~n~naa.na) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. Trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t (vi~n~naa.na) t\u1ea1o n\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bhava) trong \u0111\u1eddi sau, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u1ea7u thai, theo ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn. Th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (vi~n~naa.nahaaro, th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu m\u1edbi trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.[7] Ch\u00ednh \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u00e0y (sa’mvattanika vi~n~naa.na) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.[8] H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bhava), th\u1ee9c (vi~n~naa.na) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 song h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00f4 minh (avijjaa), s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd (kamma\/cetanaa), tham \u00e1i (ta.nhaa) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 (upaadaana). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u00f3a b\u1edfi n\u0103m y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00f4 minh (avijjaa), th\u1ee9c (vi~n~naa.na), s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd (kamma), tham \u00e1i (ta”nhaa) v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 (upaadaana) trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 2-4 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n h\u1ebft, nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y m\u00f4 t\u1ea3: ‘mghi\u1ec7p (kamma) l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t (khetta’m); th\u1ee9c (vi~n~naa.na l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng (biija’m) v\u00e0 tham \u00e1i (ta”nhaa) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m (sineho). Do b\u1ecb v\u00f4 minh (moha) chi ph\u1ed1i, tham \u00e1i tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c, th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m (hiinaaya dhaatuyaa).”[9] \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tham \u00e1i l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i sanh. H\u00e0nh vi (kamma) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t duy tr\u00ec, mang theo v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a (vi~n~naa.na).[10] \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c trong qu\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (vi~n~naa.na’m bhave na ti.t.the).[11] Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb s\u1ea1ch (nirodha) b\u1ed9 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, sanh, gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:
Ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ta ch\u1ecbu sanh, gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebft, s\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, khi nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb sanh (ajaata), kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e0, (ajara) kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh (abyaadhi’m), kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft (amata), kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5 (asoka’m), kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o (asankili.t.tha’m), s\u1ef1 an t\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c – ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e3n v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 tri sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong ta; s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh n\u1eefa.[12]
N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n chu\u1ed5i duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi 12 m\u1eafc x\u00edch (pa.ticcasamuppaada) \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t t\u1eebng kh\u00fac. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00f4 minh (avijjaa) t\u00ean tr\u1ecdng n\u00e3o m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hay tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c (vijjaa\/pa~n~naa), 11 m\u1eafc x\u00edch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e0u xe l\u1eeda \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00e2y, c\u00e1c toa c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng sau ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u1ede b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (phassa) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra, nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tu\u1ec7 tri s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang (yonisa manasikaara, nh\u01b0 l\u00fd t\u00e1c \u00fd) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m (sati). C\u00e1c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c (vedanaa) theo sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1. Tham \u00e1i (ta”nhaa) b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. Ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 (upaadaana) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng. Sanh t\u1eed \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i v\u1eaby tay ch\u00e0o t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng nu\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc!
CH\u00da TH\u00cdCH
[1] D. II. 305.
[2] Ud. 80.
[3] S. II. 117.
[4] M. I. 4: Khii.naa jaati vusita’m brahmacariya’m kata’m karaniiya’m naapara’m itthattaayaati.
[5] M. III. 203; MLS.III.249: “N\u00e0y b\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u1eeba t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 b\u00e0 con, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u1ea9m ph\u00e1n (kammapatisarana). Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang sanh thi\u00ean sai v\u1ea1n bi\u1ec7t, tr\u1edf n\u00ean cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m.”
[6] S. II. 2ff.
[7] S. II. 13: vi~n~naa.nahaaro . . . punabbhavaabhinibbattiyaa paccayo.
[8] M. II. 262.
[9] A. I. 223: “Ito kho \u20acnanda kamma’m khetta’m vi~n~naa.na’m biijam tanhaa sineho avijjaaniivarananaana’m sataana’m sattaana’m tanhaasa~n~nojanaana’m majjhimaaya dhaatuyaa vi~n~naana’m pati.thita’m.”
[10] S. II. 97; S. IV. 86.
[11] Sn. 1055.
[12] M. I. 167; MLS I. 211.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"