D\u1eaaN NH\u1eacP<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo l\u1ecbch s\u1eef Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o th\u00ec Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0o h\u1ea1 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y t\u1ea1i cung tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ea1o L\u1ee3i (Tam Th\u1eadp Tam Thi\u00ean – T\u0101vati\u1e43sa<\/em>) v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2n m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Theo m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u1ecdc gi\u00e3 th\u00ec Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ch\u00ednh \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c v\u1ecb S\u01b0 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o ra sau n\u1ea7y. \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c N\u0101rada, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt l\u00e3o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: “\u00d0\u00fang theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ch\u00ednh \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1ng n\u1ea7y. Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 (M\u0101tik\u0101)<\/em> hay n\u1ed3ng c\u1ed1t nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec7n (Kusal\u0101 Dhamm\u0101),<\/em> hay Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea5t Thi\u1ec7n (Akusal\u0101 Dhamm\u0101),<\/em> Ph\u00e1p V\u00f4-K\u00fd (Aby\u0101kat\u0101 Dhamm\u0101) …”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong 6 t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a T\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p (tr\u1eeb t\u1eadp Ng\u1eef T\u1ed5ng – Kath\u0101vatthu – do Ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean (Moggallanaputta) vi\u1ebft; c\u0169ng c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1eadp n\u00e0y do ch\u00ednh \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00e0i Moggallana th\u00eam v\u00e0o 500 c\u00e2u)<\/em> \u0111\u1ec1u do \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c X\u00e1 l\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t (S\u0101r\u012bputta)<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh d\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n D\u1ea7u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ai, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn T\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u00f3c k\u1ef3 t\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i do ch\u00ednh \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn. B\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 (hay Ph\u1eadt) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ebd th\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt.Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef Abhidhamma c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd cao si\u00eau, vi di\u1ec7u. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eef Abhi<\/em> d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 tinh t\u1ebf, th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, s\u00e2u xa. Danh t\u1eeb Dhamma<\/em> d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed9t Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u hay gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. V\u1eady Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o l\u00fd tinh hoa c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, gi\u00e1o l\u00fd n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 h\u01a1n Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang, v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t; t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vi Di\u1ec7u m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n kia th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng?.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ti\u1ebfng Vi Di\u1ec7u (cao s\u00e2u) kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t. Trong khi t\u1ea1ng Kinh v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y Ph\u00e1p l\u00fd theo ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, theo Ph\u00e1p T\u1ee5c \u00d0\u1ebf; th\u00ec t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma<\/em> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng hay ph\u00e1p Ch\u01a1n \u00d0\u1ebf (Paramattha)<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd theo m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb ch\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebf (danh ch\u01a1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Nh\u01b0 \u1edf Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng, khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sanh, Ph\u1eadt d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb m\u1eb7c \u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng, Vua, Quan, … C\u00f2n \u1edf t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma<\/em> khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sanh, Ph\u1eadt d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 U\u1ea9n, X\u1ee9, Gi\u1edbi, \u00d0\u1ebf, …<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t, t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma<\/em> ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 4 ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Ng\u1ea1i Gi\u1ea3i (Pa\u1e6disambhid\u0101)<\/em> = s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i. B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i \u1ea5y l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n 1) Ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i <\/strong>(Dhammapa\u1e6disambhid\u0101)<\/em>: l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, v\u00ec \u1edf t\u1ea1ng Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gom l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t gi\u1ec1ng m\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 2) Ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i <\/strong>(Atthapa\u1e6disambhid\u0101)<\/em>: l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1c r\u1ed9ng r\u1ea3i, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m. Trong t\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u00f4i th\u00f4i trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n 3) T\u1eeb v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i <\/strong>(Niruttipa\u1e6disambhid\u0101)<\/em>: l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea9n l\u1ed9n. Trong t\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e2u ra \u0111\u1ea5y. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng ” t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ” m\u00e0 ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng theo ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf t\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p ” T\u01b0 ” l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u00fd, suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 ” T\u01b0\u1edfng ” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i, \u00f4n l\u1ea1i …<\/p>\n\n\n\n 4) Bi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i <\/strong>(Pa\u1e6dibh\u0101napa\u1e6disambhid\u0101)<\/em>: l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t, l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t trong s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7n b\u00e1c. Trong t\u1ea1ng Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p, ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ngh\u0129a l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea9n l\u1ed9n. Nh\u1edd c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma<\/em> s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00fang t\u00fang khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do tr\u00ean, n\u00ean t\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vi Di\u1ec7u. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u1eef Abhidhamma <\/em>c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Trung Hoa d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u00f4 t\u1ef7 ph\u00e1p :<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p cao si\u00eau, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o so s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Ngu\u1ed3n : https:\/\/www.budsas.org\/uni\/u-vdp-gg\/vdpgg-00.htm<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n Xem th\u00eam : Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng (ebook – \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1eafng ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00f9 th\u1eafng h\u01a1n Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng.
\u00d0\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p cao s\u00e2u, r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng.
\u00d0\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 cao si\u00eau, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.
H\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, li\u1ec3u tri c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n