{"id":26127,"date":"2022-05-30T14:39:17","date_gmt":"2022-05-30T07:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=26127"},"modified":"2022-08-01T22:59:52","modified_gmt":"2022-08-01T15:59:52","slug":"dai-truong-lao-ka%e1%b9%85kha-revata-de-nhat-ve-tu-thien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2022\/05\/30\/dai-truong-lao-ka%e1%b9%85kha-revata-de-nhat-ve-tu-thien\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea0I TR\u01af\u1edeNG L\u00c3O KA\u1e44KH\u0100 REVATA \u2013 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 tu thi\u1ec1n"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"26127\" class=\"elementor elementor-26127\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a2d87aa elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-space-around elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a2d87aa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-67042f0\" data-id=\"67042f0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dfcf9e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dfcf9e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"header\" data-elementor-id=\"18971\" class=\"elementor elementor-18971\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8f779a9 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-space-evenly elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8f779a9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-edfc6c7\" data-id=\"edfc6c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-232b7b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-site-logo elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"232b7b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-site-logo.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7f93d63\" data-id=\"7f93d63\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-57e19f8\" data-id=\"57e19f8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c1a099 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3c1a099\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<button onclick=\"history.back()\"><<<\/button>\n<button onclick=\"history.forward()\">>><\/button>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7d11171 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7d11171\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-92e58d8\" data-id=\"92e58d8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c895801 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3c895801\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b1be7d4\" data-id=\"4b1be7d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e551521 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e551521\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p><!-- wp:embed {\"url\":\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/05\/29\/sach-dai-phat-su-mingun-sayadaw-bhaddanta-vicittasarabhiva%e1%b9%83sa\/\",\"type\":\"wp-embed\",\"providerNameSlug\":\"tam-h\u1ecdc\"} --><\/p>\n<figure>\n<div>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"FGCB0s0ilC\"><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/05\/29\/sach-dai-phat-su-mingun-sayadaw-bhaddanta-vicittasarabhiva%e1%b9%83sa\/\">S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1eadt s\u1eed &#8211; Mingun Sayadaw (Bhaddanta Vicittas\u0101r\u0101bhiva\u1e43sa)<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"\u201cS\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1eadt s\u1eed \u2013 Mingun Sayadaw (Bhaddanta Vicittas\u0101r\u0101bhiva\u1e43sa)\u201d \u2014 T\u00e2m h\u1ecdc\" src=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/05\/29\/sach-dai-phat-su-mingun-sayadaw-bhaddanta-vicittasarabhiva%e1%b9%83sa\/embed\/#?secret=I7mNfnmkRM#?secret=FGCB0s0ilC\" data-secret=\"FGCB0s0ilC\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<p><!-- \/wp:embed --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea0I TR\u01af\u1edeNG L\u00c3O KA\u1e44KH\u0100 REVATA<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3>Nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Padumuttara, tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o Ka\u1e45kh\u0101 Revata c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng lai x\u01b0a kia. V\u00e0 trong khi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u00e9 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u00ednh ch\u00fang v\u00e0 nghe ph\u00e1p, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ban danh hi\u1ec7u etadagga cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u n\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u tu thi\u1ec1n. Khi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201c Ta c\u0169ng n\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u n\u00e0y,\u201d b\u00e8n th\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0o l\u00fac Ng\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p xong v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Trong b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng Thinh v\u0103n b\u1ed3 t\u00e1t kh\u00e1c, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y: \u201c B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n, do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u1edbc adhik\u0101ra n\u00e0y, con kh\u00f4ng mong c\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i danh hi\u1ec7u etadagga trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban danh hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Padumuttara d\u00f2 x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, Ng\u00e0i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n nam kia s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean tri th\u1ecd k\u00fd cho v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Ng\u00e0i ra \u0111i: \u201c V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Gotama s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u1ea5y, con s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef danh hi\u1ec7u etadagga trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n!\u201d<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3>\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t gia trong ki\u1ebfp ch\u00f3t<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Sau khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, v\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n nam lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i trong c\u00f5i ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00e1i sanh v\u00e0o gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 \u1edf th\u00e0nh S\u0101vatthi, t\u00ean l\u00e0 Revata. V\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u, con trai c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3, Revata th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn Jetavana t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1. Trong khi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf m\u00e9 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang v\u00e0 nghe \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, ch\u00e0ng trai kh\u1edfi sanh ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t gia l\u00e0m t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Sa-m\u00f4n. Sau khi nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 khi \u0111ang tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf. L\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n \u1ea5y l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m v\u00e0o thi\u1ec1n Minh s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3>S\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eafc danh hi\u1ec7u etadagga<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o Revata c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u00eam. Sau \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o Ka\u1e45kh\u0101-Revata l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng (etadagga) trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c thi\u1ec1n, t\u00e1n th\u00e1n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Etadagga\u1e43 bhikkhave mama s\u0101vak\u0101na\u1e43 bhikkh\u016bna\u1e43 jh\u0101y\u012bna\u1e41 yadida\u1e41 Ka\u1e45kh\u0101-Revato.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>N\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai m\u00e0 c\u00f3<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>th\u00f3i quen nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u Ka\u1e45kh\u0101-Revata l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:heading {\"level\":3} --><\/p>\n<h3>B\u00e0i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 t\u00ean Ka\u1e45kh\u0101-Revata<\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:heading --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111ang du h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb S\u0101vatthi \u0111\u1ebfn R\u0101jagaha v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Revata \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i l\u00e1ng m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Khi th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 pha tr\u1ed9n b\u1ed9t nh\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1m (nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng), v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m ho\u00e0i nghi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng hai ph\u1ee5 gia kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec hai ph\u1ee5 gia kia thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng th\u00f4 (\u0101misa). N\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c M\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a ph\u1ee5 gia th\u00f4 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a b\u1ed9t nh\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1m. D\u00f9ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady sau gi\u1edd ng\u1ecd l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m lu\u1eadt.\u201d V\u1ecb \u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u tin theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea5y l\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, Ng\u00e0i h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng: \u201c N\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ecf b\u1ed9t nh\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1m v\u00e0o trong m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng?\u201d \u201c \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n,\u201d c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. \u201c N\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, n\u1ebfu b\u1ed9t nh\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf v\u00e0o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng, th\u1eddi b\u1ed9t nh\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf v\u00e0o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4i. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, Nh\u01b0 Lai cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c con th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00e1c con th\u00edch,\u201d v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ban h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt (anu\u00f1\u00f1\u0101ta-sikkh\u0101pada).<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng du h\u00e0nh, Revata tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu xanh (mugga) l\u00ean m\u1ea7m trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201c \u0110\u1eadu xanh kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n, v\u00ec \u0111\u1eadu n\u1ea5u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean m\u1ea7m.\u201d V\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m ho\u00e0i nghi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eadu xanh. C\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u tin v\u00e0o v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u0169ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0103n \u0111\u1eadu xanh. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, Ng\u00e0i ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c cho ph\u00e9p \u0103n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u th\u00edch. (Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra trong b\u1ed9 Bhesajja-khandhaka c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m Vinaya Mah\u0101-Vagga.)<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, Revata nghi ng\u1edd ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p d\u00f9ng, v\u00ec v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e0i nghi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt, n\u00ean v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kankh\u0101-Revata, \u2018Revata, ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay ho\u00e0i nghi.\u2019<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Kankh\u0101-Revata c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong b\u1ed9 Apad\u0101na v\u00e0 Ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i, Ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i Therag\u0101th\u0101, v.v\u2026<\/p>\n<h2>&nbsp;Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o t\u0103ng k\u1ec7 &#8211; Ti\u1ec3u b\u1ed9 kinh<\/h2><p>Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ng\u00e0i sanh v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 \u1edf S\u00e0vatthi. Khi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng nghe b\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, ng\u00e0i kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t gia. Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n nh\u1edd h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n, ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u00e3o luy\u1ec7n trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t.<br><br>S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nghi ng\u1edd l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm t\u00e2m t\u01b0, v\u00e0 nay nghi ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn, ng\u00e0i t\u00e1n th\u00e1n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0, nh\u1edd v\u1eady nay t\u00e2m t\u01b0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0129nh v\u00e0 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec. Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i:<br><br>3. H\u00e3y th\u1ea5y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y<br><br>C\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc Nh\u01b0 Lai,<br><br>Nh\u01b0 l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam,<br><br>Cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, cho m\u1eaft,<br><br>H\u1ecd nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c nghi ng\u1edd<br><br>Cho nh\u1eefng ai \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn.<br><br><br><\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00f4ng tin th\u00eam<\/h2>\n<p>https:\/\/tipitaka.fandom.com\/wiki\/Thera_1.3:_Kankh%C4%81-Revata<\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 20px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: rubik, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; display: flex;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-box-flex: 1; flex-grow: 1;\">\n<h3 style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 36px; letter-spacing: 0.25px; line-height: 1.25; word-break: break-word;\">Thera 1.3: Kankh\u0101-Revata<\/h3>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 9px; padding: 9px 0px 0px; vertical-align: baseline; -webkit-box-align: start; align-items: flex-start; display: flex;\">\n<p><a accesskey=\"v\" style=\"border: 0px; margin: 0px 3px 0px 2px; padding: 7px 12px; vertical-align: top; color: var(--wds-text-button-label-color); transition-duration: 0.3s, 0s, 0s; transition-timing-function: ease, ease, ease; transition-property: background-color, border-color, color; line-height: 16px; --wds-primary-button-background-color: var(--theme-accent-color); --wds-primary-button-background-color--hover: var(--theme-accent-color--hover); --wds-primary-button-label-color: var(--theme-accent-label-color); --wds-secondary-button-label-color: var(--theme-page-text-color); --wds-secondary-button-label-color--hover: var(--theme-page-text-color--hover); --wds-text-button-label-color: var(--theme-link-color); --wds-text-button-label-color--hover: var(--theme-link-color); -webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; appearance: none; background-image: none; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial; border-radius: 18px; cursor: pointer; display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; justify-content: center; letter-spacing: 0.15px; min-height: 18px; outline: none; text-transform: uppercase; height: 36px; position: relative; width: auto;\" href=\"https:\/\/tipitaka.fandom.com\/wiki\/Thera_1.3:_Kankh%C4%81-Revata?veaction=edit\" data-tracking-label=\"ca-ve-edit\">EDIT<\/a><\/p>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; --wds-dropdown-background-color: var(--theme-page-background-color--secondary); --wds-dropdown-border-color: var(--theme-border-color); --wds-dropdown-text-color: var(--theme-page-text-color); --wds-dropdown-linked-item-color: var(--theme-link-color); --wds-dropdown-linked-item-background-color: rgba(var(--theme-link-color--rgb),0.1); --wds-dropdown-scrollable-shadow-color: rgba(var(--theme-page-text-color--rgb),0.1); display: inline-block; position: relative;\">\n<div style=\"border: 0px; margin: 0px 3px 0px 2px; padding: 7px 18px; vertical-align: top; --wds-primary-button-background-color: var(--theme-accent-color); --wds-primary-button-background-color--hover: var(--theme-accent-color--hover); --wds-primary-button-label-color: var(--theme-accent-label-color); --wds-secondary-button-label-color: var(--theme-page-text-color); --wds-secondary-button-label-color--hover: var(--theme-page-text-color--hover); --wds-text-button-label-color: var(--theme-link-color); --wds-text-button-label-color--hover: var(--theme-link-color); -webkit-box-align: center; -webkit-box-pack: center; align-items: center; appearance: none; background: none; border-radius: 18px; color: var(--wds-text-button-label-color); cursor: default; display: inline-flex; font-family: inherit; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 600; justify-content: center; letter-spacing: 0.15px; line-height: 16px; min-height: 18px; outline: none; text-transform: uppercase; transition-duration: 0.3s; transition-property: background-color, border-color, color; position: relative; height: 36px; width: 36px;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-x: hidden; color: #3a3a3a; font-family: rubik, helvetica, arial, sans-serif;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<div style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.75;\"><a style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: var(--theme-link-color); transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; line-height: inherit;\" title=\"Tipitaka\" href=\"https:\/\/tipitaka.fandom.com\/wiki\/Tipitaka\">Tipitaka<\/a>&nbsp;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<a style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: var(--theme-link-color); transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; line-height: inherit;\" title=\"Sutta Pitaka\" href=\"https:\/\/tipitaka.fandom.com\/wiki\/Sutta_Pitaka\">Sutta Pitaka<\/a>&nbsp;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<a style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: var(--theme-link-color); transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; line-height: inherit;\" title=\"Khuddaka Nikaya\" href=\"https:\/\/tipitaka.fandom.com\/wiki\/Khuddaka_Nikaya\">Khuddaka Nikaya<\/a>&nbsp;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<a style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; color: var(--theme-link-color); transition: color 0.3s ease 0s; line-height: inherit;\" title=\"Theragatha\" href=\"https:\/\/tipitaka.fandom.com\/wiki\/Theragatha\">Theragatha<\/a>&nbsp;&gt;&gt;&nbsp;<b style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Thera(3):Kankha-Revata (Revata the Doubter)<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.75;\"><b style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Adapted from the Archaic Translation by Mrs. C.A.F. Rhys Davids.<\/b><br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><b style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Commentary (Atthakatha) By&nbsp;Acariya Dhammapala<\/b><br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">Note: &#8216;C&#8217; in Pali text is pronounced as &#8216;ch&#8217; as in &#8216;China&#8217;.<\/p>\n<hr style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">\n<h4 style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 9px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: var(--theme-page-headings-font),rubik,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; line-height: 1.25; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Chapter I.<br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">&nbsp;Single Verses<\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: inherit; line-height: 1.75;\">=3. Kankh\u0101-Revata (Revata the Doubter)=<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 24px 0in; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\">He was reborn in the days of our Exalted One(Buddha) in a wealthy family of&nbsp;S\u0101vatth\u012b.&nbsp;And as he stood in the outermost ring of those who went after dinner to hear Him-of-the-Ten-Powers preach, he believed, and upon that entered the Monk\u2019s order. And he attained arahantship(enlightenment) by way of practising&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">jh\u0101na;<\/i>&nbsp;and so proficient in&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">jh\u0101na<\/i>&nbsp;did he become, that the Lord(Buddha) pronounced him chief of the bhikkhus(monks) who practised it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 24px 0in; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><sup style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: super; font-size: 10px;\">[1]<\/sup>&nbsp;<b style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">[8]<\/b>&nbsp;His task accomplished thus, this great Monk reflected on the unlikely to change tendency of his mind to doubt,<sup style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: super; font-size: 10px;\">[2]<\/sup>&nbsp;now wholly overcome, and praised the might and wisdom of the Exalted One(Buddha), by which his mind was now calm and firm, saying:<\/p>\n<hr style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><b style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">[3]<\/b>&nbsp;Pa\u00f1\u00f1a\u0271&nbsp;<b style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">[2]<\/b>&nbsp;ima\u0271 passa tath\u0101gat\u0101na\u0271||<br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">Aggi yath\u0101 pajjalito nis\u012bthe||<br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">\u0100lokad\u0101 cakkhudad\u0101 bhavanti||<br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">Ye \u0101gat\u0101na\u0271 vinayanti ka\u014bkha\u0271&#8217; ti.|| ||<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\">Ittha\u0271 suda\u0271 \u0101yasm\u0101 ka\u014bkh\u0101revato thero g\u0101tha\u0271 abh\u0101sitth\u0101&#8217; ti.|| ||<\/p>\n<hr style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-left: 0in; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><b style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">[3]<\/b>&nbsp;See how great the wisdom is of Them<br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">Who Tathagatha (who go beyond like Buddha)!<sup style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: super; font-size: 10px;\">[3]<\/sup>&nbsp;As fire at midnight hour,<br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">Givers of light, givers of sight are they<br style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">To those that pass, subduing all their doubt.<\/p>\n<hr style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-left: 0in; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Thus verily did the venerable Monk&nbsp;Kankh\u0101-Revata&nbsp;utter his saying(gatha).<\/i>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-right: 0in; margin-bottom: 24px; margin-left: 0in; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><sup style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: super; font-size: 10px;\">[1]<\/sup>&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Ang. Nik.<\/i>, i. 24.<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 24px 0in; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><sup style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: super; font-size: 10px;\">[2]<\/sup>&nbsp;This tendency is mentioned in the&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Apad\u0101na.<\/i>&nbsp;The soubriquet it earned may have been maintained undeservedly to distinguish&nbsp;Rev\u0101t\u0101&nbsp;from the more distinguished&nbsp;Mah\u0101-Thera Revata, co-Dire\u00a2tor of the Council of&nbsp;Ves\u0101l\u012b&nbsp;(<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Vinaya Texts,<\/i>&nbsp;ii. 317; cf. 67).<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 24px 0in; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: medium; line-height: 1.75;\"><sup style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: super; font-size: 10px;\">[3]<\/sup>&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Tath\u0101igat\u0101.<\/i>&nbsp;For a full exposition of this famous term, the Comy, refers to the&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Ud\u0101na<\/i>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Iti-Vuttaka<\/i>&nbsp;Commentaries&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Cf.<\/i>&nbsp;J. H. Moore,&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Sayings of Buddha,<\/i>&nbsp;p. 131; Sir R. Chalmers,&nbsp;<i style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">JRAS,<\/i>&nbsp;1898, 108.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: medium; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\">\n<\/p><p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 16pt; font-family: Cambria, serif;\">1.1-3[3] Commentary on the stanza of<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 18px; margin-bottom: 9px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: var(--theme-page-headings-font),rubik,helvetica,arial,sans-serif; line-height: 1.25; font-size: 36px;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;\">Ka\u1e47kh\u0101 Revata Thera<\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">The stanza, starting with: \u201cPa\u00f1\u00f1a\u1e43 ima\u1e43 passa,\u201d constitute the stanza of the venerable Thera Ka\u1e47kh\u0101Revata. What is the origin? This Thera also, at the time of the Blessed One Padumuttara was reborn in the family of a brahmin of great wealth in the city of Ha\u1e43savat\u012b. One day on the occasion of the teaching of truth (dhamma) by Buddha, he went together with the big crowd of people, as aforesaid (he\u1e6d\u1e6dh\u0101vutta) to the monastery, stationed himself at the all-round end of the audience, and as he kept on listening to the truth (dhamma) he noticed the Master, placing a bhikkhu(monk) at the foremost position of those who take special delight in jh\u0101na, thought to himself thus: &#8211; \u201cIt is fittingly proper for me also to become in future such a monk as this.\u201d At the end of the teaching, he invited the Master, made a great reverential offering by himself as aforesaid, and said thus to the Blessed One:\u2013 \u201cVenerable Sir! By means of this devoted deed, I do not aspire for any other prosperity; however, just like that bhikkhu(monk) who was placed at the foremost position of those who had gained jh\u0101na, seven days ago from now, so also may I become chief among those who gain jh\u0101na in future in the dispensation of a Buddha.\u201d Thus, he made his aspiration. The Master looked into the future, and on having found out the materialisation (of his aspiration), prophesied thus, and took His departure:\u2013 \u201cIn future at the end of a hundred thousand aeons (kappa) Buddha named Gotama will appear; in His dispensation, you will become chief of those who gained jh\u0101na.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Having done good deeds as long as his life-span lasted, he wandered about his rounds of repeated rebirths among gods and men for a hundred thousand aeons (kappa), and was reborn in an abundantly wealthy family in the city of S\u0101vathi at the time of our Glorious One. He went to the monastery, after meal, along with a large crowd of people for the purpose of listening to the truth (dhamma) stationed himself at the entire end of the audience, listened to the teaching of truth (dhamma) of Dasabala, properly gained pious faith, became a monk, obtained the upasampad\u0101 ordination, had mental exercise (kamma\u1e6d\u1e6dh\u0101na) prescribed for him, performed the all-round performance (parikamma) of jh\u0101na, became a gainer of jh\u0101na, made his jh\u0101na his basis, and attained Arahantship. Entering himself upon such sort of proper attainment of meditation (sam\u0101patti) as should be generally entered upon personally by Dasabala, day and night, he became familiarly powerful, (ci\u1e47\u1e47avas\u012b) in the jh\u0101nas. Thereupon the Master placed him at the foremost position of those who possessed heights of jh\u0101na attainment thus: &#8211; \u201cO monks! This one is the chief of my disciple-bhikkhus who possess jh\u0101na, this one, namely Ka\u1e47kh\u0101 Revata. This has been said also in the Apad\u0101na, thus:\u2013<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">There arose the leader Conqueror, named<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Padumuttare, possessor on insight in all<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">dhamma, a hundred thousand aeons (kappa)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">ago from now.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">He was lion-jawed, brahm\u0101-voiced, swan-<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">drum sounded (nissano), one who walked with<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">graceful gait of an elephant, with rays of<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">light outshining the moon and sun.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">The Protector greatly wise, highly heroic,<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">possessed of great power of jh\u0101na, supremely<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">strong, was the dispeller of deep darkness.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">That chief of the three worlds led out of<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">sa\u1e43s\u0101ra (vinaya\u1e43) many lead-able people,<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">sometimes; the self-awakened sage who knew<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">the desire of creatures taught the truth<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">(dhamma).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">The conqueror gladdened the mass of men<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">praising the all-round mindful monk who<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">was meditative (jh\u0101yi\u1e43) took delight in<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">jh\u0101na, heroic, tranquil and undisturbed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">At that time, I was in Ha\u1e43savat\u012b, a brahmin<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">who had reached the further shore of the sea<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">of vedas; having listened to the truth (dhamma)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">I got gladdened and specially prayed for that<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">position. Then the Conqueror, the clear leader<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">made His prophecy amidst the clergy saying:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">\u201cO brahmin! You should be glad; you will gain<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">your desired object, that would please your<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">mind.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">\u201cA hundred thousand aeons (kappa) hence, there<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">would become in the world a Master, named<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Gotama, by clan, well-born in the family of<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Okk\u0101ka.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">\u201cYou will be the disciple of the Master,<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">known by the name of Revata, His bosom son<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">created spiritually by dhamma, the heir in<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">His teachings (dhammesu).\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">On account of that deed, done well, with<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">volitional self-determination also (ceta-<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">n\u0101pa\u1e47idhi) I went myself to T\u0101vati\u1e43sa after<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">giving up my human body. Now that I had<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">come to my last existence, I was born in<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">the city of Koliya, in a family of warrior<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">prince endowed with prosperity, richness and<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">abundant wealth. When Buddha taught the<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">truth (dhamma) in Kapilavatthu, then I became<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">piously pleased with Sugata and I became a<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">monk to lead a houseless life.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">There had been to me many a doubt in this<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">and that aeon after aeon (kappa). All those<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">doubts Buddha dispelled after teaching me<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">the nost excellent truth (dhamma)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Therefore, I became one who had crossed<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">over the sea of sa\u1e43s\u0101ra, and I lived taking<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">delight in the bliss of jhy\u0101na, then; on<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">having seen me then, Buddha said this to<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">me.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Whatever doubts are here or there, either<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">regarding one\u2019s own knowledge or regarding<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">the knowledge of others, they who are devoted<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">to jh\u0101na and ardent, do away with them all<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">as they conduct themselves in their chaste<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">lives (brahmacariya).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">The deed done in the hundred thousand (aeons),<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">shows its fruition to me here. I burnt all<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">my depravity (kilesa) like unto the momentum<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">of well-released arrow.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Thereafter, on having seen (me) taking delight<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">in jh\u0101na, Buddha, the highly wise, the sage<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">who had gone to the end of the world, recognised<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">me as chief of bhikkhus(monks) who practised jh\u0101na.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">My many a depravity had been burnt, all existences<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">had been well eliminated. I live canker-free<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">like an elephant which had cut off its fetters.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Indeed it was my good-going to the presence of<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">my Buddha. Threefold knowledge (vijj\u0101) had<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">accordingly been attained by me; Buddha\u2019s<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">instruction had been carried out.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Visualised by me are the fourfold analytical<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">knowledge (pa\u1e6disambhid\u0101) the eightfold emancipa-<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">tion (vimokkha) and six sorts of higher-knowledge;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Buddha\u2019s instruction (s\u0101sana) had been carried<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">out.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">This great Thera, however, after having done his duties, likewise, now reflected upon the state of being free from doubt in all respects by now though formerly for a long period his own mind was beset with dubiousness and said to himself thus:\u2013 \u201cWonderful, indeed, is the potency of my Master\u2019s teaching, by means of which at present I am thus free from doubt and internally I have become clam-minded. There arose in him much esteem for Buddha and the Thera recited this stanza starting with:\u2013 \u201cPa\u00f1\u00f1a\u1e43 ima\u1e43 passa (look at this wisdom)\u201d praising the wisdom (pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101) of the Blessed One.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;There, the expression pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101 is to be construed thus:\u2013 he knows the characteristics; he makes known with characteristics; thus, is also pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101 (wisdom). He knows the manners (or characteristics) as to how He should teach to the lead-able creatures beginning with good deed as well as beginning with aggregates (khandha) of truths (dhamma) in such characteristics as inclination, bias, conduct, emancipation and so on; He properly penetrates according as is natural; he makes known by means of those characteristics also; thus, is the meaning. Here, indeed, the wisdom (\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a) of teaching of the Master is meant; therefore, he said thus: \u201cIma\u1e43 (this) \u201cIndeed, it has been stated as: \u201cima\u1e43 (this),\u201d after having taken what stood near as if face to face from the point of view of getting hold of the method by the accomplished strength of teaching in himself. Whatever wisdom of the teaching of the Master is taken up by the foremost or by the disciples by way of method, that wisdom of proper penetration is but taken up by the foremost in his own sphere from the point of view of method. Therefore, the venerable Commander-in-chief of dhamma said thus:\u2013 \u201cVenerable Sir! Perhaps also, the general conclusion of the dhamma has been understood by me.\u201d The expression:\u2013 \u201cpassa (see),\u201d is to be construed thus:\u2013 having attained astonishment he addresses indefinitely (or he does so), even to his own mind; just as in making solemn utterance, the Blessed One said: \u201cLook at this world having been overcome in many ways by ignorance, delighting in what had become, had not all-round escaped from existence.\u201d The expression Tath\u0101gat\u0101na\u1e43 is to be construed thus:\u2013 Because of such meaning as the coming likewise and so on, of those who have come likewise (tath\u0101gata), (He) had come likewise; thus, indeed is tath\u0101gata; had gone likewise; thus, is tath\u0101gata; had come to the symbol of truth; thus, is tath\u0101gata; specially self-enlightened in the nature (dhamma) of truth (tath\u0101) from the point of view of reality (yath\u0101va); thus, is tath\u0101gata; because of having been done likewise, he is tath\u0101gata; because of the meaning of overwhelming he is tath\u0101gata; thus, is this manner under eight circumstances, the Blessed One is Tath\u0101gata. He had come by means of that manner, He is Tath\u0101gata; He had gone by means of that manner; thus, He is Tath\u0101gata; He had gone to the symbol of truth; thus, He is Tath\u0101gata; He had come to realities; thus, He is Tath\u0101gata; of such kind; thus, He is Tath\u0101gata; had occurred likewise; thus, He is Tath\u0101gata; had come with realities; thus, He is Tath\u0101gata; by the state of having gone likewise; He is, thus, Tath\u0101gata; thus, in this manner also, under eight circumstances, the Blessed One is Tath\u0101gata; this, here, is the abbreviation. In extent, however, it should be understood but by means of such method as had been said in the commentary on Ud\u0101na as well as in the commentary of Itivuttaka of the Paramatthad\u012bpan\u012b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">Now, in order to show the distinctively unique character of His wisdom, it has been stated as \u201cAggiyath\u0101 (like fire, and so on)\u201d The expression yath\u0101 indicates the state of that illustration; the expression: pajjalito is the indication of conjunction with what should be compared to (upameyya); the expression nisithe (at mid-night) is the showing of the doing of what should be done. Below, is the meaning:\u2013 Just as, namely, when an army comprising four divisions happens to be present in the darkness of night at mid night, the fire lit ablaze at a high-level place stands dispelling the darkness at that place, in the self-same way, see this wisdom of the Tath\u0101gatas reckoned as the wisdom of teaching, dispelling the darkness of doubt of creatures amenable to discipline and being led out (veneyya) in their entirety. Since, by the beauty of instruction the Tath\u0101gatas give light made of wisdom (\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a) to the living-beings; thus, \u0101lokad\u0101 (giver of light). They give eye made even of wisdom (pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101); thus, cakkhudad\u0101, giver of eye. In order to point out both of that also after having made but the proximate cause of dispelling doubt, he said thus:\u2013 \u201cYe \u0101gat\u0101na\u1e43 vinayanti ka\u1e47kha\u1e43, they who dispel the doubt of those who had come.\u201d Ye means Tath\u0101gatas; \u0101gat\u0101na\u1e43 means of the creatures amenable to discipline and being led out (vaneyya) who had approached their own presence; ka\u1e47kha\u1e43 means (doubt on such sixteen bases as occurrence of method beginning with \u201cDid I indeed become in the past period of time?\u201d and on such eight bases as occurrence of method beginning with: \u201cHe doubts in Buddha, he doubts in dhamma;\u201d vinayanti means they dispel and destroy totally by the power of teaching. Doubt reckoned as scrupulous remorse pertaining to disciplinary rules (vinaya) however, are dispelled but by that very vinaya.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">The other method: &#8211; Just as the fire of keener flame, lit ablaze at the middle portion of night being resplendent with the blaze dispels darkness just by giving light to those who had stationed themselves on a high seat and becomes giver of light making manifest the level and unlevel (or even and uneven) ground; to those who had kept themselves standing in close vicinity, however, making that nature of ground well obvious and since the flame of light makes what ought to be done by eyes it is, namely, the giver of eye; in the self-same way even, the Tathagatas, having dispelled the darkness of delusion of those who had stationed themselves far away, from their own body of truth (dhamma) and who had not done devoted duties, by means of their brilliant light of wisdom (pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101), and making manifest such evenness and the unevenness as the unevenness&nbsp;&nbsp;of the body and so on, become givers of light; making spiritual insight (dhammacakkhu) of those who had kept standing mear, however, and of those who had dome their devoted duties, to arise, they become givers of eye. Look at the superiority of knowledge (\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a), and wisdom (pa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101) of these Tath\u0101gatas, who discipline and dispel by properly provoking the noble path (ariyamagga), the doubt of those who are bountiful in doubt who resemble myself, and who had come to their own sphere of words and who had becoming as such; thus, is the unterpretation. In this manner, this stanza is also the prophecy or explanation (by\u0101kara\u1e47a) of the Arahantship (a\u00f1\u00f1\u0101) of the Thera by making manifest of his having crossed the sea of doubt. Indeed, this Thera at the time when he was but an average ordinary bhikkhu(puthujjana) was rather remorsefully scrupulous even over fittingly acceptable offerings to him (kappiya), and because of his being bountiful in doubt, he was clearly known as \u201cKa\u1e47kh\u0101revata (doubtful Revata);\u201d later at the time when he became canker-free Arahant also, he, but likewise, continued to be called accordingly. Therefore, Buddha said thus: \u201cThe venerable Ka\u1e47kh\u0101Revata uttered the stanza as desired.\u201d That meaning has but been said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">The Commentary on the stanza<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">of the Thera Ka\u1e47kh\u0101 Revata<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">is complete.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin-top: 24px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; overflow-wrap: break-word; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 1.75;\" align=\"center\"><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif;\">******<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3ca6e7d elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-space-between elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3ca6e7d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-abf6104\" data-id=\"abf6104\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a515ca6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a515ca6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"19045\" class=\"elementor elementor-19045\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f8b8b8e elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f8b8b8e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-509c7c7\" data-id=\"509c7c7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-611697d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"611697d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>S\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Online &#8211; Th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf T\u00e2m H\u1ecdc 2022 : m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch d\u1ea1ng webs , s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt , c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp. Ngo\u00e0i ra s\u00e1ch c\u00f2n tra c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home \u0110\u1ea0I TR\u01af\u1edeNG L\u00c3O KA\u1e44KH\u0100 REVATA Nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Padumuttara, tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o Ka\u1e45kh\u0101 Revata\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":25969,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_canvas","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[344],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-26127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-80-vi-dai-truong-lao"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26127"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30987,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26127\/revisions\/30987"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25969"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26127"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=26127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}