{"id":2714,"date":"2020-09-30T23:14:48","date_gmt":"2020-09-30T23:14:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=2714"},"modified":"2022-05-02T21:54:38","modified_gmt":"2022-05-02T14:54:38","slug":"hoang-hau-maya-wiki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/09\/30\/hoang-hau-maya-wiki\/","title":{"rendered":"Ho\u00e0ng h\u1ea1u Maya ( Wiki)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 m\u1edf WikipediaBu\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/a>B\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/a><\/a>B\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 t\u1ea1i Nepal, tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Guimet, Paris<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya<\/strong> (M\u0101y\u0101dev\u012b) l\u00e0 v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n<\/a>, l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca<\/a> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Mah\u00e0 Paj\u00e0pati (Mah\u0101paj\u0101pat\u012b Gotam\u012b) – n\u1eef t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya qua \u0111\u1eddi sau khi sinh ra T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a C\u1ed3-\u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 7 ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/a>. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi em g\u00e1i Mah\u00e0 Paj\u00e0pati \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i con c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maya ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “t\u00ecnh y\u00eau” trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n<\/a>. Trong ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/a>, b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gyutrulma v\u00e0 trong ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt<\/a>, b\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean Maya-fujin (\u6469\u8036\u592b\u4eba).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya[s\u1eeda<\/a> | s\u1eeda m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/a>]<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maya k\u1ebft h\u00f4n v\u1edbi vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n – ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb t\u1ed9c \u015a\u0101kya \u1edf th\u00e0nh Kapilavastu. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, v\u00ec v\u1eady, b\u00e0 l\u00e0 em h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3ng; cha c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 l\u00e0 vua c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng Devadaha.<\/a>Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 voi tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya, ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 2 ho\u1eb7c 3 sau c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya v\u00e0 vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con trong 20 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n, \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 trong ho\u00e0ng cung, ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb9p k\u00ec l\u1ea1. B\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edf \u0111i b\u1edfi 4 thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed3 Anotatta b\u00ean d\u00e3y Himalaya<\/a>. Sau khi t\u1eafm trong h\u1ed3, c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c cho b\u00e0 b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi, x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u th\u01a1m cho b\u00e0, v\u00e0 trang \u0111i\u1ec3m cho b\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng hoa tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p. Ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t con voi<\/a> tr\u1eafng, gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa sen<\/a> tr\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng v\u00f2i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00f2ng quanh b\u00e0 3 l\u1ea7n, \u0111i v\u00e0o d\u1ea1 con<\/a> c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, con voi bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c, bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 mang m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec voi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t<\/a>, c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea9u-su\u1ea5t<\/a>, v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh bi\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con voi tr\u1eafng cho l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i sinh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a C\u1ed3-\u0111\u00e0m<\/a> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 624 ho\u1eb7c 563 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh mang thai di\u1ec5n ra trong 10 tu\u1ea7n tr\u0103ng. Theo phong t\u1ee5c, ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 cho vi\u1ec7c sinh n\u1edf. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u00e0 ra kh\u1ecfi ki\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111i b\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y sala<\/a>, trong khu v\u01b0\u1eddn hoa r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m-T\u1ef3-Ni<\/a>, Nepal<\/a>. Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya r\u1ea5t th\u00edch khu v\u01b0\u1eddn v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 sinh th\u00e1i t\u1eed khi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y sala. Truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ra t\u1eeb b\u00ean h\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 4 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eafm cho ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ao \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eafm cho ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed. Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u1ea1t-\u0111a (Siddh\u0101rtha) – ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n”.Kinh B\u1ea3n Sinh<\/a> (Jataka) ghi v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean l\u00e0m th\u00e2n m\u1eabu Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Maya nh\u01b0 sau: c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 91 \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 1 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u00ean l\u00e0 Vipass\u012b (Ph\u1eadt T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Thi<\/a>) ra \u0111\u1eddi. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Thi v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n r\u1eb1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, c\u00f4 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a 1 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u1eadt T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Thi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd k\u00fd cho c\u00f4 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 nguy\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 sau n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng r\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi sau khi sinh th\u00e1i t\u1eed 7 ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i. Kinh Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n ghi r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110\u00e2u Su\u1ea5t<\/a>, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft Vi di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p<\/a> cho b\u00e0. Em g\u00e1i Mah\u00e0 Paj\u00e0pati tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1eb9 k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i t\u1eed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o<\/a> v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m m\u1eb9 \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi trong 3 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya B\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 m\u1edf WikipediaBu\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbngB\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfmB\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Maya ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 t\u1ea1i Nepal, tr\u01b0ng\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2715,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[261],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-2714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tai-lieu-bai-viet-duc-phat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2714"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2716,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2714\/revisions\/2716"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2715"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2714"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=2714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}