{"id":3301,"date":"2020-10-13T11:49:39","date_gmt":"2020-10-13T11:49:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=3301"},"modified":"2020-10-13T11:49:39","modified_gmt":"2020-10-13T11:49:39","slug":"gioi-cam-thu-gioi-luat-thu-gioi-le-nghi-thu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/10\/13\/gioi-cam-thu-gioi-luat-thu-gioi-le-nghi-thu\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt th\u1ee7, gi\u1edbi l\u1ec5 nghi th\u1ee7,"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
Ngu\u1ed3n – Daophatngaynay.com<\/h6>\n\n\n\n

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“Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7” ( \u6212\u7981\u53d6 ) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef “s\u012blavata-par\u0101m\u0101sa” (s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa, s\u012blavata-up\u0101d\u0101na), c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u, l\u1ec5 nghi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c (ki\u1ebft s\u1eed, th\u1eb1ng th\u00fac – samjoyana) tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. S\u012bla d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi (hay gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c), vata d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 (hay nghi th\u1ee9c), par\u0101m\u0101sa d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7. S\u012blavata-par\u0101m\u0101sa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u, l\u1ec5 nghi, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, v.v… Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u1eef “c\u1ea5m” l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u? V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng phong ph\u00fa, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c sinh ho\u1ea1t Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 nghi t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u00e0o nho\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng? Xin tr\u00edch v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 Anh, t\u00ecm t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang web Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng Internet:<\/strong>Ch\u1eef “gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/strong>” (s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/em>) th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m. Tr\u1eeb kh\u1eed “gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7” kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 bu\u00f4ng l\u01a1i, ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang, d\u1ec5 du\u00f4i, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef g\u00ecn gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 minh tri\u1ebft, xem gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c trong s\u1ea1ch, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1ng th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i trong gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i kinh (T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng B\u1ed9, Ph\u1ea9m D\u1ef1 L\u01b0u), \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u00edn th\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01a1i Tam B\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ch\u00e2n nh\u00e2n khen ng\u1ee3i. (\u2013 B\u00ecnh Anson, 2004)<\/em>
*Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/strong>: Kh\u01b0 kh\u01b0 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, t\u1ef1 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ta gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ngay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 Ud\u00e0yi m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m th\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m \u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t ra nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTh\u1ebf T\u00f4n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1p cho ta! Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1c ph\u00e1p cho ta!\u201d,<\/em> v\u00ec nh\u1edd gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0103n phi th\u1eddi, m\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 \u00ea ch\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ng\u00e0i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m v\u00e0o l\u00fac s\u1eabm t\u1ed1i, ng\u00e0i \u00f4m b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 t\u1eeb trong \u0111i ra, b\u1ed7ng ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u v\u00ec ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3, t\u01b0\u1edfng con qu\u1ef7 n\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh qu\u1ea5y ph\u00e1. Khi ho\u00e0n h\u1ed3n, b\u00e0 m\u1eafng nhi\u1ebfc: \u201cCha T\u1ef3 kheo h\u00e3y ch\u1ebft \u0111i! M\u1eb9 T\u1ef3 kheo h\u00e3y ch\u1ebft \u0111i! Th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y con dao b\u00e9n m\u1ed5 c\u00e1i b\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebft \u0111i c\u00f2n h\u01a1n v\u00ec l\u1ed7 mi\u1ec7ng \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ee3 h\u1ebft h\u1ed3n!\u201d .
Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n m\u1edbi ch\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cho T\u1ef3 kheo \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t an vui. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/strong> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt phi l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 l\u1eadp ra, m\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y ngu si mu\u1ed1n l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt kh\u00f3 theo, qu\u00e1i g\u1edf, l\u1eadp d\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00f2e thi\u00ean h\u1ea1. (\u2013 Ni s\u01b0 Tr\u00ed H\u1ea3i, T\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p, 2003)<\/em>
*Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef. C\u1ed1 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch hay kh\u00f4ng. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e1o, n\u00ean l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng n\u00f3i th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i th\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1ed1i, n\u00ean khi k\u1ebb c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u00f3 h\u1ecfi c\u00e1i g\u00ec th\u00ec c\u0169ng n\u00f3i th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u1eady l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m t\u1eeb c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u00eau \u00edch h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh. Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n. Do v\u1eady s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n do gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1i \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1edf tri chu\u1edbng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i. Gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh. V\u00ec v\u1eady gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng do \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p tao th\u00e0nh tri ki\u1ebfn \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf. C\u00f3 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf khi gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn. (\u2013 Minh \u0110\u1ee9c, Th\u1ebf tr\u00ed bi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng)<\/em>
*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7: <\/strong>s\u012blavata-up\u0101d\u0101na (grasping of rules and customs):<\/em> Ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh. (\u2013 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u01a1n Thi\u1ec7n, 2002)<\/em>*S\u1ee3i d\u00e2y ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 (upadana<\/em>) v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nghi th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 th\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong> (s\u012blavata-up\u0101d\u0101na<\/em>) \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/strong> (s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/em>) m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 v\u00e0o s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y khi ch\u00fang ta tin t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sai l\u1ea1c r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1ec3 tu luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qui lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ki\u00eang kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c ki\u00eang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i n\u0103ng b\u1eeba b\u00e3i. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1t-na sai ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ebfn Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m gi\u1eefa Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hay nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ec7m X\u1ee9 (satipatthana<\/em>). H\u1ecd tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 hay trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i n\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sai ph\u1ea1m n\u00e0y. (\u2013 Nina Van Gorkom, Tk Thi\u1ec7n Minh d\u1ecbch, T\u00e2m s\u1edf)<\/em>*
Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7:<\/strong> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi r\u0103n c\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e0 gi\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 r\u0103n c\u1ea5m n\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec1u khi th\u1eadt v\u00f4 l\u00fd, m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i, d\u00e3 man, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, c\u00f3 ph\u00e1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1 d\u1eb1n b\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n gi\u1eefa tr\u1eddi n\u1eafng, n\u1eb1m ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea9n th\u1ec9u, leo l\u00ean cao nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng, gieo m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o l\u1eeda, hay nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng tr\u1ea7m m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ebf th\u1ea7n, hay nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a anh ch\u00e0ng V\u00f4 N\u00e3o, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00f3n tay x\u00e2u l\u00e0m chu\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o. (\u2013 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Thi\u1ec7n Hoa, Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng)<\/em>
*Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn<\/strong>: Gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u00eang c\u1eed, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5m k\u1ef5, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nghi l\u1ec5, nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t v\u00e0o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00ecnh tin r\u1eb1ng con b\u00f2 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt linh thi\u00eang v\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi n\u00f3. Ho\u1eb7c tin r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng t\u00e1o hay b\u00ecnh v\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Ho\u1eb7c m\u00ecnh tin r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u00e2y cau, m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi c\u00e2y cau. X\u1ee9 n\u00e0o, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin ph\u00e1t sinh do s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay do s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3. Nghi l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh an t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng r\u00fat cu\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t v\u00e0o trong nghi l\u1ec5. Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nghi l\u1ec5, gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u00ec cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a. (\u2013 Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh).<\/em>
* * *Tr\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ti\u1ebfng Anh:\ufeff<\/strong>Par\u0101m\u0101sa:<\/strong> touching, contact, being attached to, hanging on, being under the influence of, contagion.S\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa: <\/strong>the contagion of mere rule and ritual, the infatuation of good works, the delusion that they suffice.S\u012blabbatup\u0101d\u0101na:<\/strong> grasping after works and rites.(\u2013 PTS Pali-English Dictionary)<\/em>
*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa, <\/strong>or s\u012blabbata-up\u0101d\u0101na<\/strong>: “attachment (or clinging) to mere rules and ritual<\/em>“, is the 3rd of the 10 fetters (samyojana<\/em>), and one of the 4 kinds of clinging (up\u0101d\u0101na<\/em>). It disappears on attaining to Stream-entry (Sot\u0101patti<\/em>).”What is the clinging to mere rules and ritual? The holding firmly to the view that through mere rules and ritual one may reach purification: this is called the clinging to mere rules and ritual.\u201d (\u2013 Nyanatiloka Mahathera, Buddhist dictionary)<\/em>*
Attachment to rites and rituals<\/strong> (s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101so<\/em>): S\u012bla<\/em><\/strong> refers to “moral conduct”, vata <\/strong><\/em>(or bata)<\/em> to “religious duty, observance, rite, practice, custom,” and par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/em><\/strong> to “being attached to” or “a contagion” and has the connotation of “mishandling” the Dhamma. Altogether, s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101so<\/em><\/strong> has been translated as “the contagion of mere rule and ritual, the infatuation of good works, the delusion that they suffice”<\/strong> or, more simply, “fall[ing] back on attachment to precepts and rules.”<\/strong>This fetter regarding rites and rituals likely refers to some practices of contemporary brahmanic authorities during the times of the Buddha. (\u2013 Wikipedia)<\/em>*Clinging to morality and rules<\/strong>(s\u012blavata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/strong>, but sometimes s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/strong> or s\u012blavata-up\u0101d\u0101na<\/strong>)<\/em> is a term often used by the Buddha (A.III,377; D.II,58; M.I,433). S\u012bla<\/em><\/strong> means moral behaviour as expressed in rules and precepts (e.g. the five Precepts), vata<\/em><\/strong> means vows, rules or rituals, and par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/strong><\/em> means clinging or grasping. The term refers to the mistaken belief that scrupulous adherence to moral rules or the exact performance of certain rituals, will lead to enlightenment<\/strong>. However, it has many other manifestations \u2013 being punctilious about minor rules while ignoring more important ones, confusing rules of etiquette for rules of morality, insisting that a rule be followed exactly while wheedling one\u2019s way around it, strictly adhering to the outward form of a Precept but taking no account of its meaning and purpose. Mechanically reciting the Precepts thinking that that is sufficient, would likewise be examples of s\u012blavatapar\u0101m\u0101sa<\/strong><\/em>. It may also include being smug and self-righteousness or even boasting about one\u2019s moral uprightness (Sn.782). Unfortunately, Buddhism as it is traditional practised, offers many examples of such pettifogging and distorted understanding.The person who is afflicted by s\u012blavatapar\u0101m\u0101sa<\/strong><\/em> lacks flexibility, balance and the ability to get beyond the words or the outer form. Thus, despite perhaps being sincere and diligent, such a person never really penetrates the Dhamma at a deeper level. The Buddha identified clinging to morality and rules as one of the ten fetters (dasa samyojana<\/em>, A.V,17) that hold a person back and prevents them from spiritually growing (appah\u0101ya abhabbo<\/em>, A.V,145). (\u2013 Bhikkhu Dhammika, Guide to Buddhism)<\/em>
*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The affection in the rites and in the ceremonies<\/strong> \u2013 s\u012blavatapar\u0101m\u0101sa <\/em>\u2013 to grant (tune) a false confidence in the value of the rules and the rites (\u2013 Shinjin, Teachings of the Buddha)<\/em>
*Silabbata-paramasa<\/strong>: attachment to customs or traditions that are held to be good in this way or that. (\u2013 Ajahn Lee Dhammadharo, What is the Triple Gem?)<\/em>
*
Rites and rituals<\/strong> in themselves are not harmful, only believing them to be part of the path to Nibbana is detrimental. They need not even be religious, although we usually think of them like that. Such as offering flowers and incense on a shrine, prostrating or celebrating certain festivals and believing that this will accumulate enough merit to go to the Deva realms. It’s devotion, respect and gratitude to the Triple Gem, which count. But this belief is not only confined to religious activities. Everybody lives with rites and rituals, even though we may not be aware of them. In human relationships there are certain prescribed ways of acting in respect to one’s parents, one’s children, one’s partners. How one relates in one’s job, to friends and strangers, how one wants to be confirmed by others, all is connected to preconceived ideas of what is right and proper in a certain culture and tradition.None of it has any basic truth in it, all is mind-made<\/strong>. The more ideas one has, the less one can see reality. The more one believes in them the harder it is to abandon them. As one imagines oneself to be a certain kind of person, one relates in that way in all situations. It doesn’t have to be how we put flowers on a shrine, it can also be how we greet people, if we do it according to a certain stereotyped ritual and not the way an open heart and mind may dictate. (\u2013 Ayya Khema, All of us)<\/em>
*
Wrong grasp of rules and observances<\/strong> (s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa)<\/em> \u2013 the belief that mere external observances, particularly religious rituals and ascetic practices, can lead to liberation. (\u2013 Outline of Buddhism)<\/em>
*
S\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/strong> <\/em>\u2013 holding to habits and customs, mere external observances, thinking they will bring release of themselves (\u2013 John Ireland, Samyutta Nik\u0101ya: An Anthology)<\/em>*
S\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/strong><\/em> (chronic superstition<\/strong>): Have a look at yourself and see what sort of chronically superstitious behaviour is to be found in you. You have been taught to fear harmless little lizards and similar animals until it has become a habit. This is superstition. It is primitive and childlike. You have been brought up to believe in sacred trees, sacred mountains, sacred temples, sacred spirit houses: all this too is superstition. To sum up, s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/em><\/strong> is superstition with regard to things one does oneself. Taking certain things which should be used in a particular way and using them in a different way \u2013 for instance, letting charitable deeds reinforce selfishness when they should be used to eliminate it \u2013 this is superstition. So there are charitable deeds which are superstition, and there is rigorous adherence to moral precepts by both bhikkhus and lay people which is superstition. Chronically superstitious and false understanding with respect to anything at all is covered by the term s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa<\/em><\/strong>. (\u2013 Buddhadasa Bihhkhu, Buddha-Dhamma for Students)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n – Daophatngaynay.com “Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7” ( \u6212\u7981\u53d6 ) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef “s\u012blavata-par\u0101m\u0101sa” (s\u012blabbata-par\u0101m\u0101sa, s\u012blavata-up\u0101d\u0101na), c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u, l\u1ec5\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[78],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-3301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gioi-luat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3301"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3301\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3303,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3301\/revisions\/3303"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3302"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3301"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=3301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}