{"id":35288,"date":"2022-08-18T23:31:08","date_gmt":"2022-08-18T16:31:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=35288"},"modified":"2022-08-19T00:56:40","modified_gmt":"2022-08-18T17:56:40","slug":"chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2022\/08\/18\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p4\/","title":{"rendered":"CH\u00da GI\u1ea2I TI\u1ec2U T\u1ee4NG (KHUDDAKAP\u0100THA ATTHAKATH\u0100)- P4"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"35288\" class=\"elementor elementor-35288\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-959b861 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-space-around elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"959b861\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-49ac080\" data-id=\"49ac080\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb551ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bb551ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"29353\" class=\"elementor elementor-29353\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3841028 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-space-evenly elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3841028\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4cda7d4\" data-id=\"4cda7d4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d909715 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-site-logo elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d909715\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-site-logo.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/plugins\/elementor\/assets\/images\/placeholder.png\" title=\"\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c0ffcaa\" data-id=\"c0ffcaa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6ae6892\" data-id=\"6ae6892\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b83997d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b83997d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<button onclick=\"history.back()\"><<<\/button>\n<button onclick=\"history.forward()\">>><\/button>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d09d5a3 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d09d5a3\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-673f9f8\" data-id=\"673f9f8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9630484 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9630484\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7498531\" data-id=\"7498531\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bbbf5d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bbbf5d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"33009\" class=\"elementor elementor-33009\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7e93922 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7e93922\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b3a8999\" data-id=\"b3a8999\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18dd785 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"18dd785\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>[<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya-tap-1\/\">Ph\u1ea7n I- Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng<\/a>\u00a0 ]- [<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-phap-cu\/\">Ph\u1ea7n II- Ph\u00e1p c\u00fa<\/a>\u00a0 ]-\u00a0 [<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/kinh-phat-tu-thuyet-tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya\/\">Ph\u1ea7n III- Ph\u1eadt t\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft<\/a>\u00a0 ]-\u00a0 [<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/kinh-phat-thuyet-nhu-vay-tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya\/\">Ph\u1ea7n IV- Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/a>\u00a0 ]- &#8211;\u00a0 [<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/kinh-tap-tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya\/\">Ph\u1ea7n V-Kinh t\u1eadp<\/a>\u00a0 ]-\u00a0 [\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya-tap-ii-thien-cung-va-nga-quy\/\">Ph\u1ea7n VI-Thi\u00ean cung v\u00e0 ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7<\/a> ] &#8211;\u00a0 <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya-tap-iii-truong-lao-tang-ni-ke\/\">[\u00a0<em><strong>Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o t\u0103ng k\u1ec7<\/strong><\/em><\/a><em><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em> \u00a0]\u00a0 &#8211; [ <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-truong-lao-ni-ke\/\">Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o ni k\u1ec7 ]<\/a>\u00a0 -[ <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya-p4-nhung-cau-chuyen-tien-than-duc-phat\/\">B\u1ed5n sanh 1-100<\/a> ] &#8211;\u00a0 \u00a0 [<a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-cau-chuyen-bon-sanh-p2\/\">B\u1ed5n sanh 101 \u0111\u1ebfn 263<\/a> ]\u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0 \u00a0[ <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya-cau-chuyen-tien-than-p3\/\">B\u1ed5n sanh 264-395] <\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0&#8211;\u00a0 [ <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-cau-chuyen-tien-than-p4\/\">B\u1ed5n sanh 395-473<\/a> ]\u00a0 \u00a0&#8211;\u00a0 [ <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya-cau-chuyen-tien-than-p5\/\">B\u1ed5n sanh\u00a0 474-540<\/a> ]\u00a0 \u00a0 &#8211;\u00a0 \u00a0[ <a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/tieu-bo-kinh-nikaya-p5-nhung-cau-chuyen-tien-than-duc-phat\/\">B\u1ed5n sanh- Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i<\/a> ]<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-a03fc20 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"a03fc20\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-47f4b7f\" data-id=\"47f4b7f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93d6b4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"93d6b4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"35254\" class=\"elementor elementor-35254\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6982fe3f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6982fe3f\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5ed26310\" data-id=\"5ed26310\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3025afc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"3025afc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-8071\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-8071\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\" class=\"elementor-toggle-title\">Kinh Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng Nikaya<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-8071\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-8071\"><p>N\u1ed9i dung kinh ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/p><ul><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-2\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">I. Tam Quy (Saranattaya)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-3\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">II. Th\u1eadp Gi\u1edbi (Dasasikkh\u00e0pada)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-4\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">III. Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i Hai Ph\u1ea7n (Dvattims\u00e0k\u00e0ra)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-5\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">IV. Nam T\u1eed H\u1ecfi \u00d0\u1ea1o (Kum\u00e0rapanha)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-6\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">V. Kinh \u00d0i\u1ec1m L\u00e0nh (Mangala Sutta)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-7\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">VI. Kinh Ch\u00e2u B\u00e1u (Ratana Sutta)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-8\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">VII. Kinh Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng (Tirokudda Sutta)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-9\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">VIII. Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng (Nidhikanda Sutta)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/kinh-tieu-tung\/#ftoc-heading-10\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">IX. Kinh L\u00f2ng T\u1eeb (Mett\u00e0 Sutta)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><p><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/19\/kinh-tieu-tung-song-ngu-viet-anh\/\">Kinh ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng song ng\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t &#8211; Anh<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-8072\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tab\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-8072\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\" class=\"elementor-toggle-title\">Ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-8072\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-8072\"><header><h3>Contents<\/h3><\/header><p><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/17\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\/#ftoc-heading-1\">CH\u00da GI\u1ea2I TI\u1ec2U T\u1ee4NG (KHUDDAKAP\u0100THA ATTHAKATH\u0100)<\/a><\/p><ol><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/17\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\/#ftoc-heading-2\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I\u00a0\u0110o\u1ea1n I \u2013 NH\u1eacP \u0110\u1ec0<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/17\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\/#ftoc-heading-3\">CH\u01af\u01a0NG II\u00a0TH\u1eacP GI\u1edaI<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/17\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\/#ftoc-heading-4\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III\u00a0BA M\u01af\u01a0I HAI TH\u1ec2<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/17\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p2\/#ftoc-heading-3\">\u00a0Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV NAM T\u1eec H\u1eceI \u0110\u1ea0O<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/17\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p2\/#ftoc-heading-4\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V KINH \u0110I\u1ec0M L\u00c0NH (Mangalasuttam)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/18\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p3\/#ftoc-heading-3\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VI KINH CH\u00c2U B\u00c1U (Ratanasutta\u1e43)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/18\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p3\/#ftoc-heading-4\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VII KINH NGO\u00c0I B\u1ee8C T\u01af\u1edcNG(Tiroku\u1e0d\u1e0dasuttam<\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/18\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p4\/#ftoc-heading-3\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VIII KINH B\u1ea2O T\u00c0NG (Nidhikhandasuttam)<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"ftwp-item\"><a class=\"ftwp-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2022\/08\/18\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p4\/#ftoc-heading-4\"><span class=\"ftwp-text\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IX KINH T\u1eea T\u00c2M (Metta-suttam)<\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@type\":\"FAQPage\",\"mainEntity\":[{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Kinh Ti\\u1ec3u t\\u1ee5ng Nikaya\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<p>N\\u1ed9i dung kinh ti\\u1ebfng Vi\\u1ec7t<\\\/p><ul><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-2\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">I. Tam Quy (Saranattaya)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-3\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">II. Th\\u1eadp Gi\\u1edbi (Dasasikkh\\u00e0pada)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-4\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">III. Ba M\\u01b0\\u01a1i Hai Ph\\u1ea7n (Dvattims\\u00e0k\\u00e0ra)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-5\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">IV. Nam T\\u1eed H\\u1ecfi \\u00d0\\u1ea1o (Kum\\u00e0rapanha)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-6\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">V. Kinh \\u00d0i\\u1ec1m L\\u00e0nh (Mangala Sutta)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-7\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">VI. Kinh Ch\\u00e2u B\\u00e1u (Ratana Sutta)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-8\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">VII. Kinh Ngo\\u00e0i B\\u1ee9c T\\u01b0\\u1eddng (Tirokudda Sutta)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-9\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">VIII. Kinh B\\u1ea3o T\\u00e0ng (Nidhikanda Sutta)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2020\\\/10\\\/21\\\/kinh-tieu-tung\\\/#ftoc-heading-10\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">IX. Kinh L\\u00f2ng T\\u1eeb (Mett\\u00e0 Sutta)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><\\\/ul><p><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/19\\\/kinh-tieu-tung-song-ngu-viet-anh\\\/\\\">Kinh ti\\u1ec3u t\\u1ee5ng song ng\\u1eef Vi\\u1ec7t &#8211; Anh<\\\/a><\\\/p>\"}},{\"@type\":\"Question\",\"name\":\"Ph\\u1ea7n gi\\u1ea3ng gi\\u1ea3i\",\"acceptedAnswer\":{\"@type\":\"Answer\",\"text\":\"<header><h3>Contents<\\\/h3><\\\/header><p><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/17\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\\\/#ftoc-heading-1\\\">CH\\u00da GI\\u1ea2I TI\\u1ec2U T\\u1ee4NG (KHUDDAKAP\\u0100THA ATTHAKATH\\u0100)<\\\/a><\\\/p><ol><li><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/17\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\\\/#ftoc-heading-2\\\">Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng I\\u00a0\\u0110o\\u1ea1n I \\u2013 NH\\u1eacP \\u0110\\u1ec0<\\\/a><\\\/li><li><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/17\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\\\/#ftoc-heading-3\\\">CH\\u01af\\u01a0NG II\\u00a0TH\\u1eacP GI\\u1edaI<\\\/a><\\\/li><li><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/17\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p1\\\/#ftoc-heading-4\\\">Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng III\\u00a0BA M\\u01af\\u01a0I HAI TH\\u1ec2<\\\/a><\\\/li><li><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/17\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p2\\\/#ftoc-heading-3\\\">\\u00a0Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng IV NAM T\\u1eec H\\u1eceI \\u0110\\u1ea0O<\\\/a><\\\/li><li><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/17\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p2\\\/#ftoc-heading-4\\\">Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng V KINH \\u0110I\\u1ec0M L\\u00c0NH (Mangalasuttam)<\\\/a><\\\/li><li><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/18\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p3\\\/#ftoc-heading-3\\\">Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng VI KINH CH\\u00c2U B\\u00c1U (Ratanasutta\\u1e43)<\\\/a><\\\/li><li><a href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/18\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p3\\\/#ftoc-heading-4\\\">Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng VII KINH NGO\\u00c0I B\\u1ee8C T\\u01af\\u1edcNG(Tiroku\\u1e0d\\u1e0dasuttam<\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/18\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p4\\\/#ftoc-heading-3\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng VIII KINH B\\u1ea2O T\\u00c0NG (Nidhikhandasuttam)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><li class=\\\"ftwp-item\\\"><a class=\\\"ftwp-anchor\\\" href=\\\"https:\\\/\\\/tamhoc.org\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/18\\\/chu-giai-tieu-tung-khuddakapatha-atthakatha-p4\\\/#ftoc-heading-4\\\"><span class=\\\"ftwp-text\\\">Ch\\u01b0\\u01a1ng IX KINH T\\u1eea T\\u00c2M (Metta-suttam)<\\\/span><\\\/a><\\\/li><\\\/ol>\"}}]}<\/script>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-66 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-04f359a\" data-id=\"04f359a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67bc49ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"67bc49ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>[04]<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:heading -->\n<h2><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VIII<\/strong> <strong>KINH B\u1ea2O T\u00c0NG<\/strong> <strong><em>(Nidhikhandasuttam)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:heading --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>1. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ta b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp ngay sau Kinh B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng, kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 sau \u2018C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u.\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>V\u00ec th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ta s\u1ebd kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd do<br \/>V\u00ec sao Kinh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y<br \/>V\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 l\u00fd do kh\u1edfi sanh<br \/>R\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i l\u00fd l\u1ebd.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>2. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, l\u00fd do Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp li\u1ec1n ngay sau Kinh B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau: Cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng Kinh n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i do \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, ngay sau khi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp theo sau Kinh B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng. Kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp ngay t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m b\u1ed5 xung th\u00eam cho Kinh B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eb1m \u0111em l\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0nh cho ch\u00fang sanh. Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u Kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eb1m cho th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u1eefng tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng do th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng ngay sau Kinh B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>3. Nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0H\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i S<em>\u0101<\/em>vatthi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. \u00d4ng s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi gia nh\u00e2n trong ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ea5n gi\u1ea7u sang ph\u00fa qu\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ee3n b\u1ea9n v\u1ebft nh\u01a1 keo ki\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed cho t\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed di\u1ec5n ra trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nh\u00e0 vua \u0111ang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf nh\u00e0 vua sai m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3 n\u00e0y b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng ta r\u1eb1ng: h\u00e3y \u0111i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2y cho tr\u1eabm\u2019 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn th\u1ea7n ra \u0111i t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng ta r\u1eb1ng: \u2018 H\u1ee1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 vua tri\u1ec7u ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p ng\u00e0i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.\u2019 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n [<strong>217<\/strong>] \u0111ang b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111ang h\u1ea3 h\u00ea do nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u01a1i ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111em l\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi; \u2018xin ng\u00e0i c\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 \u0111i, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ee9c vua ngay sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed. V\u00ec gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u1eadn ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u.\u2019 V\u00e0 sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eefa v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i cho \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 no n\u00ea, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau. \u201cC\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u\u201d nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ch\u00fac l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t do c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111em l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i l\u00ean; ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ng\u00e0i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00e0n k\u0129 l\u00fd do Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi sanh. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i s\u1ebd k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng n\u00e0y.\u2019 (\u00a71)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Nidhim nidheti puriso [gambh\u012bre odakantike:<br \/>Atthe kicce samuppanne atth\u0101ya me bhavissati]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cM\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea5t kho b\u00e1u,<br \/>\u1ede t\u1eadn d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ebfng s\u00e2u<br \/>Ngh\u0129 \u201cn\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1<br \/>N\u00f3 \u00edch l\u1ee3i cho ta.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea5u k\u00edn (<em>nidh\u012byati),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea5u k\u00edn (<em>nidhi);<\/em>\u00a0\u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t k\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c canh gi\u1eef. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: m\u1ed9t B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng di chuy\u1ec3n, ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u201cB\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u201cth\u1ecfi hay n\u00e9n v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n d\u1ea5u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t hay trong s\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e0, tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng ngo\u00e0i ru\u1ed9ng hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n d\u1ea5u \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u2018di \u0111\u1ed9ng\u2019 bao g\u1ed3m n\u1eef n\u00f4ng n\u00f4 v\u00e0 nam n\u00f4ng n\u00f4, voi, \u0111o\u00e0n gia s\u00fac, ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 l\u1eeba, d\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u1eebu, gia c\u1ea7m g\u00e0 v\u1ecbt heo. Hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng.\u201d Ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng\u201d b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec, lo\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o, ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0o, lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c phong ph\u00fa n\u00e0o, (h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n uy\u00ean b\u00e1c) hay b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn lo\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e9o tay; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111u\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i theo ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, bao g\u1ed3m tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch tu ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c l\u1eafng nghe ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p cho ch\u00fang sanh, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ta k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf n\u01a1i n\u00e0y n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y theo d\u00f5i ch\u00fang ta: \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi n\u01a1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n theo. Nh\u01b0ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ta ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>5.\u00a0<em>C\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u (nidheti):\u00a0<\/em>d\u00e0nh d\u1ee5m, \u0111\u1ec3 sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, canh ph\u00f2ng c\u1ea9n m\u1eadt.\u00a0<em>M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi (puriso):<\/em>t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng. \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef hay m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1n quan \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, Kinh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng (l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y) nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a th\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>6.\u00a0<em>C\u1ea5t s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc (gambh\u012bre odakantike)<\/em>: \u201cs\u00e2u\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ta ph\u1ea3i lao xu\u1ed1ng (d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u); \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u2018m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u\u2019, do \u1edf g\u1ea7n\u00a0<em>(antikabhava)\u00a0<\/em>ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc (<em>udaka),\u00a0<\/em>v\u00ec c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 s\u00e2u nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 v\u1ef1c th\u1eb3m s\u00e2u h\u1eb1ng tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m trong r\u1eebng. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2u. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 v\u0169ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0i gang tay [\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o l\u00ean] n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh tr\u00ean v\u1eeba c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba s\u00e2u nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ed1 [<strong>218<\/strong>] n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1eebng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y ra. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u2018s\u00e2u n\u01a1i v\u0169ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1eadp\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>7.\u00a0<em>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean (atthe kicce samuppanne)<\/em>: nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1\u00a0<em>(atth\u0101 anapanetam)<\/em>, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1\u00a0<em>(attham);<\/em>\u00a0\u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap, \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.\u00a0<em>Nhu c\u1ea7u (kiccam \u2013 ngh\u0129a \u0111en \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m\u201d<\/em>:\u00a0<em>kiccam=k\u0101tabbam (<\/em>danh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb); \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u00a0<em>(karan\u012bya \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1)<\/em>.<em>\u00a0N\u1ed5i l\u00ean (sammuppannam)\u00a0<\/em>c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean\u00a0<em>(uppa\u00f1\u00f1a);\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u00a0<em>(kattabba \u2013\u00a0<\/em>c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1). N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap n\u1ed5i l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>8.\u00a0<em>\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i (atth\u0101ya me bhavissati)<\/em>: \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng; v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u nh\u1eb1m l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 sau \u2018n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd ra tay gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u00f4i. B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\u2019; v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nhu c\u1ea7u khi c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 2]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>9. \u0110ang khi ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eb1m \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i \u00edch, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i th\u00eam nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>R\u0101jato v\u0101 duruttassa corato p\u012blitassa v\u0101<br \/>Inassa v\u0101 pamokkh\u0101ya dubbhikkhe \u0101pad\u0101su v\u0101<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>N\u1ebfu b\u1ecb vua k\u1ebft \u00e1n<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u01b0\u1edbp giam c\u1ea7m<br \/>V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1ng<br \/>Khi m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a tai n\u1ea1n<br \/>V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<br \/>\u01a0 tr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y<br \/>S\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e0nh kho b\u00e1u.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>10. Ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hai m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 sau \u2018s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3\u2019 (<em>bhavissati\u00a0<\/em>trong c\u00e2u 1) v\u00e0 \u2018\u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n\u2019 (<em>pamokkh\u0101ya)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau \u2018 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018\u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n kh\u1ecfi&#8230;n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n\u2019. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u kho b\u00e1u [ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng] \u2018\u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac,\u2019 nh\u01b0ng khi c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u kho b\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n [ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng] \u2018nh\u1edd c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 [ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng] \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua ch\u00faa quan quy\u1ec1n b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea3i h\u1ed3i\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00f2n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i n\u1eefa theo c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u201ccho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1edbp\u201d hay \u201c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i t\u00e0 d\u00e2m n\u1eefa\u201d hay \u2018 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb tr\u1ed1n thu\u1ebf.\u201d T\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn2\">[2]<\/a>; ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 kho b\u00e1u s\u1ebd c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n cho t\u00f4i kh\u1ecfi b\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1edbp h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u1eaft c\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i ti\u1ec1n chu\u1ed9c khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a ho\u1eb7c do \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 hay de do\u1ea1 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u2018h\u00e3y n\u1ed9p cho b\u1ecdn ta ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a hay v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y\u201d. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ai t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc n\u1ee3 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 m\u00f3n n\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 kho b\u00e1u c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3,\u00a0<em>b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n cho t\u00f4i kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3\u00a0<\/em>khi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u00e9p b\u1eaft t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i thanh to\u00e1n nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n n\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp \u0111\u00f3i k\u00e9m m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a. Khi v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ea5t b\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 g\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea7u c\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. v\u00e0 (b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng s\u1ebd n\u1ed5i l\u00ean) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho t\u00f4i trong c\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3i kh\u1ed5.; [<strong>219<\/strong>] v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i khi n\u1ed5i l\u00ean tai h\u1ecda do ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n, l\u1ee5t l\u1ed9i hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. V\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng s\u1ebd c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho t\u00f4i trong nh\u1eefng tai ho\u1ea1 (<em>\u0101pad\u0101su)<\/em>\u00a0nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ed5i l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 2 d\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 ba]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>11. V\u1edbi hai c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00eau tr\u00ean (m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u hai d\u00f2ng) cho l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ea5u kho b\u00e1u bao g\u1ed3m hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfm l\u00e3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. V\u00e0 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng tai \u01b0\u01a1ng khi ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Etadatth\u0101ya lokasmim nidhi n\u0101ma nidh\u012byate<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta g\u1ecdi<br \/>tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kho b\u00e1u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea5u k\u00edn.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch k\u1ebft th\u00fac nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>12. \u00dd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0.\u00a0<em>C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau (etadatth\u0101ya)\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u1eb1m \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c v\u00e0 che ch\u1edf kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u2018 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft t\u00f4i s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018nh\u00e0 vua s\u1ebd b\u00e3i mi\u1ec5n cho t\u00f4i kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng (sai ph\u1ea1m)\u00a0<em>c\u00e1i ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kho b\u00e1u (nidhi nama),\u00a0<\/em>c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng n\u00e9n v\u00e0ng th\u1ebb, v.v&#8230;<em>tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y (lokamim.)\u00a0<\/em>ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0<em>c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 (nidhiyate),\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t k\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 3]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>13. gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ec kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho k\u1ebb n\u00e0o s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai [c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn hay ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e3m h\u1ea1i] ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>T\u0101va-sunihito santo gambh\u012bre odakantike<br \/>Na sobbo sabbad\u0101 eva tassa tam upakappanti<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018D\u1eabu n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd<br \/>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<br \/>\u01a0 t\u1eadn d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ebfng s\u00e2u<br \/>V\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<br \/>Gi\u00fap \u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ecdi l\u00fac\u2019&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>14. [<em>cho d\u00f9<\/em>] kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3,\u00a0<em>ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u c\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng (t\u0101va-sunihito santo<\/em>) \u2013 (cho d\u00f9 kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3) ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n gi\u1ea5u v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh d\u1ee5m, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, K\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee1 n\u00e0o?\u00a0<em>C\u1ea5t s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc (gambh\u012bre odakantike),\u00a0<\/em>cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi (kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0, c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc; \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0. Kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady- \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eb3ng<em>\u00a0c\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. (na sabbo sabbad\u0101 eva tassa tam upakappati);\u00a0<\/em>cho d\u00f9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eb3ng gi\u00fap \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>Tam\u00a0<\/em>n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u t\u1eeb nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ea7n cho c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 sau \u2018<em>Yath\u0101 tam appamattassa \u0101t\u0101pino\u2019 (\u2018<\/em>gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 du\u00f4i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh.\u2019: M. I 22); ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3\u00a0<em>tam\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i [t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c sang trung t\u00ednh] trong \u0111\u00f3\u00a0<em>so\u00a0<\/em>[\u00e1m ch\u1ec9\u00a0<em>sabbo<\/em>] n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 4 v\u00e0 5]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>15. [220] Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u2018ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2u\u2019, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Nidhi v\u0101 th\u0101n\u0101 cavati, sa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101 v\u0101\u2019ssa vimuyhati,<br \/>N\u0101g\u0101 v\u0101 apan\u0101menti, yakkh\u0101 v\u0101 pi haranti nam<br \/>Appiy\u0101 v\u0101 pi d\u0101y\u0101d\u0101 uddharanti apassato.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Kho b\u00e1u b\u1ecb d\u1eddi ch\u1ed7<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00ean d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c r\u1eafn th\u1ea7n l\u1ea5y \u0111i<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea7n linh t\u1ea9u t\u00e1n.<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf<br \/>K\u1ebb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<br \/>Di chuy\u1ec3n kho b\u00e1u \u0111i<br \/>Khi k\u1ebb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y &#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>16. \u00dd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0.\u00a0<em>kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y \u0111i (nidhi va cavati)<\/em>\u00a0r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n\u00a0<em>t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y sang ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c (th\u0101n\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u c\u1ea5t ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t; cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi phu\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3 coi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t h\u1ebft v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.\u00a0<em>Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft\u00a0<\/em>(<em>sa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101 v\u0101\u2019ssa vimuyhati<\/em>) ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u kho b\u00e1u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u.<em>\u00a0Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 (va) r\u1ed3i, do phu\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t, th\u00ec M\u00e3ng X\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng (n\u0101ga) \u0111\u00e3 di chuy\u1ec3n kho b\u00e1u \u0111i ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c (tam apanamenti);\u00a0<\/em>ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7 (va pi) \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i m\u1ea5t (<em>yakkha haranti),\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c;\u00a0<em>ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 (va pi) c\u00e1c k\u1ebb th\u1eeba k\u1ebf (dayada) ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ea5t kho b\u00e1u v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111i ho\u1eb7c r\u00fat t\u1ec9a \u0111i h\u1ebft khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c)* apassato). Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf kho b\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho h\u1eafn v\u00ec kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 5 n\u1eeda cu\u1ed1i]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>17. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean l\u00fd do th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n gian n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Yad\u0101 pu\u00f1\u00f1akkhayo hoti sabbam etam vinassati<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cV\u00e0 khi ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1eadn<br \/>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u00eau tan.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do trong s\u1ed1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 phu\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>18. \u00ddngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau. (<em>V\u00e0 khi (yada) th\u1eddi c\u01a1 t\u1edbi trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ecdi phu\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau hu\u1ef7 h\u1ebft.\u00a0<\/em>Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c (<em>punna)\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea1m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp n\u1ed5i l\u00ean; v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 (<em>sabbam etam)\u00a0<\/em>kho b\u00e1o bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a qu\u00ed nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, v\u00e0ng th\u1ecfi, v.v&#8230; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea5u k\u00edn \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea7m n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ti\u00eau tan \u0111i h\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.\u00a0<em>(vinassati)<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 6]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>19. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n gian n\u00e0y, cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n d\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y n\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ecfi ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau tan \u0111i m\u1ea5t, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Yassa d\u0101nena s\u012blena samyamena damena ca<br \/>Nidhi sunihito hoti itthiy\u0101 purisassa v\u0101<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Nh\u1eefng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam, n\u1eef<br \/>C\u00f3 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<br \/>Kho b\u00e1u kh\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thuy\u1ebft Kinh Kho B\u00e1u khi ng\u00e0i ban ph\u00e9p l\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gia nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>20. [<strong>221<\/strong>] V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y,\u00a0<em>v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed (danena) n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong ph\u1ea7n \u201c\u00a0<\/em>B\u1ed1 th\u00ed, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang theo ph\u00e1p (Ch. v. \u00a7140); tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi (sila) \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng sai ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n l\u1eabn kh\u1ea9u, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 \u2018vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c\u2019 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1. V\u00e0 t\u00e1m th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0[trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi] v\u00e0 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt [trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u].<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>21.\u00a0<em>T\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf (samyamo)\u00a0<\/em>ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf (<em>samyamana);<\/em>\u00a0\u00fd mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n t\u00e2m nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh . Ai c\u00f3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u2019 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong \u0111o\u1ea1n \u2018k\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t h\u1ea3o do ch\u00e2n tay, v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u2019 (<em>Dh.\u00a0<\/em>362); m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i cho l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi ki\u00eang, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e0nh, d\u00e0nh cho thu th\u00fac c\u0103n quy\u1ec1n\u00a0<em>(xin \u0111\u1ecdc e.g. M.\u00a0<\/em>i. 180). \u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1 (<em>damo- ngh\u0129a \u0111en ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u2018thu\u1ea7n ho\u00e1\u2019)\u00a0<\/em>l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1 (<em>damana);\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o . \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. V\u00ec tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u2019(panna), nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u201c<em>Sussus\u0101 labhale pa\u00f1\u00f1nam.\u2019 (<\/em>xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n l\u1eafng nghe ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft\u2019:\u00a0<em>Sn.\u00a0<\/em>186), v\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u201cPh\u00e1p\u201d v\u1eady (dhamma) nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u2018<em>Saccam dhammo dhiti c\u0101go\u2019 (Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, ph\u00e1p, ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh, x\u1ea3 th\u00ed; Sn.\u00a0<\/em>188) v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1\u2019\u00a0<em>(dama)<\/em>\u00a0nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u2018<em>Yadi sacc\u0101 dam\u0101 c\u0101g\u0101 khantiy\u0101bhiyyo na vijjati\u2019\u00a0<\/em>\u201cn\u1ebfu ch\u0103ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u1ea1i cao tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, ph\u00e1p, x\u1ea3 th\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eabn n\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2u\u201d:\u00a0<em>Sn.\u00a0<\/em>189).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>22. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cc\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c<em>M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00e0o (itthiy\u0101 purissa v\u0101), s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0, nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, (d\u0101nena), tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, (s\u012blena), t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf (samyamena)v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1 (damena),\u00a0<\/em>l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kho b\u00e1u (<em>niddhi) g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c\u00a0<\/em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y (<em>sunihito hoti)\u00a0<\/em>ho\u1eb7c do ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi t\u00e2m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u2018c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p [trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00e2y] \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kho b\u00e1u g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ecfi v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c, ng\u1ecdc ng\u00e0 ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u, \u0111\u00e1 qu\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef trong \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 7]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>23. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0m r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kho b\u00e1u qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 sau \u2018Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef\u2019, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Cetiyamhi sanghe v\u0101 puggale atith\u012bsu v\u0101<br \/>M\u0101tari pitari v\u0101 pi atho jetthamhi bh\u0101tari<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Trong ch\u00f9a th\u00e1p, t\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<br \/>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1eef kh\u00e1ch<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha<br \/>Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh n\u1eefa.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u01a1i kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>24. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u00ean c\u1ed1\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn6\">[6]<\/a>\u00a0(<em>cayitabba),<\/em>v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p\u00a0<em>(cetiya);<\/em>\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang sanh ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n k\u00ednh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p (<em>cetyia)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u00ean c\u1ed1\u00a0<em>(cita).\u00a0<\/em>\u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ba lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p [<strong>222<\/strong>] nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p do c\u00fang du\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p ch\u1ee9a x\u00e1 l\u1ee3i. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, C\u00e2y Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 (b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2ng c\u00fang. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t to\u00e0 l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u1ea5t x\u00e1 l\u1ee3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p. C\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0(<em>sangha)\u00a0<\/em>m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\u00a0<em>M\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (puggala)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o hay m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia kh\u1ecfi cu\u1ed9c cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng (<em>natthi assa thiti)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quan kh\u00e1ch (<em>atithi) ;\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i t\u00e1 t\u00fac khi t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>25. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u201cv\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 sau \u0111\u00e2y: Kho b\u00e1u m\u00e0 ta th\u01b0\u1eddng cho l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng\u2019 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n d\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? V\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng \u01b0\u1edbc ao m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf k\u1ebb n\u00e0o b\u1ed1 th\u00ed cho d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n theo nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u201cCh\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e0nh hoa ta \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng c\u00fang.<br \/>Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp.<br \/>Ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i sanh v\u00e0o ch\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ea3nh<br \/>(xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thag. 96; xin \u0111\u1ecdc Netti. 138)<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>v\u00e0<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u00e0n.<br \/>Ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. (Ch.\u00a0<\/em>vi. \u00a7 134)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 do vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed mang l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Kinh Dakkhanasuddhi\u00a0<em>M.\u00a0<\/em>iii. 253-7 v\u00e0\u00a0<em>MA.) Kinh Velama (A.\u00a0<\/em>iv. 392-6) v.v&#8230; (<em>xin \u0111\u1ecdc DA.\u00a0<\/em>I 234). V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed di\u1ec5n ra n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p. v.v&#8230; v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa n\u01a1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong m\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef hay tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng sai ph\u1ea1m. (Vis.Ch. I \u00a7 26\/ tr. 11), ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea9y ra v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa n\u01a1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, ta th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u1eady. (Vis. Ch. vii, \u00a7 1 tt.\/ tr. 197 tt) v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa n\u01a1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c thu th\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, t\u00e1c \u00fd, v\u00e0 duy\u1ec7t x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m c\u0103n nguy\u00ean (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. Ch. xviii-xxii) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa n\u01a1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 8]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>26. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u00e0 chia c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p, v.v&#8230;th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn khi kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed&#8230;\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>[<strong>223<\/strong>]\u00a0<em>Eso niddhi sunihito ajeyyo anyg\u0101miko,<br \/>Pah\u0101ya gaman\u012byesu etam \u0101d\u0101ya gacchati<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Kho n\u00e0y kh\u00e9o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh<br \/>\u0110i theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t<br \/>Gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi<br \/>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>27. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, [v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb]\u00a0<em>kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng (eso nidhi sunihito)\u00a0<\/em>ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i kho b\u00e1u \u0111u\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 nh\u1edd c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, v.v&#8230; [\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh] \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng tr\u00ean.\u00a0<em>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (ajeyyo)<\/em>: b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i\u00a0<em>(jetva)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u00a0<em>Ajjeyyo\u00a0<\/em>c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch; \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb n\u00e0y l\u00e0: c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y (<em>ajatibba)\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (<em>ajjanaraha),\u00a0<\/em>c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y chung t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. (<em>upajjetabba),<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn7\">[7]<\/a>\u00a0nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. V\u1edbi c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau \u2018 Kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y (<em>eso nidhi ajjeyyo)\u2019\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u2018T\u1ea1i sao?\u2019 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 sau \u2018 Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u c\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i theo\u2019. B\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u c\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng; nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u c\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (<em>ajjaniya). [V\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea5y \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng v\u1eady.]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>28.Ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3\u00a0<em>(anugacchati),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu (<em>anugamiko); \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/em>\u00a0ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia th\u00ec b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>29.\u00a0<em>Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf khi ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i; v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ra \u0111i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y (pah\u0101ya gaman\u012byesu etam \u0101d\u0101ya gacchati)<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn8\">[8]<\/a>: khi gi\u1edd ch\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, [r\u1ed3i] c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi (<em>\u0101d\u0101ya)\u00a0<\/em>kho b\u00e1u\u00a0<em>n\u00e0y (etam)trong s\u1ed1\u00a0<\/em>to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n khi<em>\u00a0ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i (gadman\u012byesu), sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf (pah\u0101ya) h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y [ch\u00fang],\u00a0<\/em>k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c: h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y; nh\u01b0ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? V\u00ec t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em theo khi ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i\u00a0<em>(gamaniya)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y n\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf\u00a0<em>(pah\u0101tabba);<\/em>\u00a0ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y ki\u1ec3u n\u1ecd v\u1ec1 t\u00e1i sanh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1. Th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u2018b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ecf \u0111i nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i\u00a0<em>(pah\u0101ya bhoge gaman\u012bye sugativisese).\u00a0<\/em>Do \u0111\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau. (1) t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf trong c\u00e1ch kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 \u201c kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u201d (c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 4) v.v&#8230;\u0111ang \u0111i (<em>gacchantesu<\/em>) v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111i (<em>gacchati<\/em>) (<em>\u0101d\u0101ya<\/em>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u1ea7m l\u1ea5y) \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y (<em>etam) v\u00ec\u00a0<\/em>t\u1eeb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i theo v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. \u01a0 \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i) r\u1eb1ng (danh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0)\u00a0<em>gaman\u016byesu\u00a0<\/em>(trong \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn) c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a (danh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0) gantabbesu (trong \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn) [v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng] gacchantesu (gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111i). \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm gi\u1eef nghi\u00eam nh\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0 trong \u0111o\u1ea1n \u201c<em>ariy\u0101 niyy\u0101nik\u0101<\/em>\u201d (th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh sn.p 140) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111ang d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ra (<em>niyy\u0101yant\u0101\u00a0<\/em>hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i ra (niyy<em>\u0101<\/em>tabb<em>\u0101<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; danh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng) v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111i (<em>gacchantesu<\/em>), kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn (<em>gantabbesu<\/em>). Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ecdn (2) khi ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n b\u1ed1 th\u00ed v\u1eadt g\u00ec cho ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edd m\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i do th\u00e2n v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u0111i (<em>gantabb\u0101<\/em>), v\u1ecb \u1ea5y v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi tham d\u1ee5c, ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 sau: Gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u0111i kh\u1ecfi v\u1edbi t\u00e2m. (1) trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edf c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 (trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a) r\u00fat lui (<em>niddh\u0101rana<\/em>) nh\u01b0: trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 khi ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb ra \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (v\u1ecb \u1ea5y) t\u1eeb b\u1ecf, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y sau khi r\u00fat lui nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u1eafm gi\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ra \u0111i. (2) trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1edf c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh (ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t) m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb do m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c (xem ch v, 46), \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 danh t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ra \u0111i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c\u00a0<em>(\u0101d\u0101yagamanabh\u0101va)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ednh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t do nguy\u00ean th\u1ec3 danh t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 \u0111i kh\u1ecfi (<em>gaman\u012byabh\u0101va)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 9]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>30. sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kho b\u00e1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n s\u00e2u gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3 nh\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i th\u00eam.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>As\u0101dh\u0101ranam a\u00f1\u00f1esam acor\u0101harano nidhi;<br \/>Kayir\u0101tha dh\u012bro pu\u00f1\u00f1\u0101ni, yo nidhi anug\u0101miko<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00e1c chia ph\u1ea7n<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u00e0o l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<br \/>V\u1eady nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb tinh c\u1ea7n<br \/>H\u00e3y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<br \/>Kho b\u00e1u \u1ea5y theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi<br \/>S\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd m\u1ea5t\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean quan t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u1eb1m t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh kho b\u00e1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn9\">[9]<\/a>\u00a0nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kho b\u00e1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a qu\u00ed hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi mua khi th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia ch\u1ec9 ra cho th\u1ea5y cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 qu\u00ed hi\u1ebfm h\u1ecd \u0111ang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>31. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, [v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u]\u00a0<em>kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>:\u00a0<em>as\u0101dh\u0101na-m- a\u00f1\u00f1esam= as\u0101dh\u0101rano a\u00f1\u00f1esum;<\/em>\u00a0m\u1eabu t\u1ef1\u00a0<em>m\u00a0<\/em>ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft hai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u2018<em>adukkha-m-asukh\u0101ya sampayutt\u0101\u2019\u00a0<\/em>(\u2018t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd phi kh\u1ed5 phi l\u1ea1c\u2019:\u00a0<em>Dhs.\u00a0<\/em>tr. 1).\u00a0<em>V\u00e0 tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee5c kho\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y: acor\u0101har\u0101no-na corehi \u0101har\u0101no (<\/em>thay th\u1ebf hai \u00e2m ng\u1eafn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p<em>);<\/em>\u00a0tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, l\u00e0 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. [Kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3] c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 (<em>nidh\u0101tabba),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>32. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng hai n\u1eefa c\u00e2u k\u1ec7. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean h\u1ecd t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch l\u0169y c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng hai vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau, \u2018Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u00e3y ki\u00ean tr\u00ec l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c cho m\u00ecnh\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd theo ta m\u00e3i m\u00e3i\u2019 \u00dd ngh\u0129a hai c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 sau: M\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cvi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u\u00a0<em>(pu\u00f1\u00f1\u0101ni:\u00a0<\/em>ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0: nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u2018c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c\u2019) v\u00e0 kho b\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ai chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u2018kho b\u00e1u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ta\u2019 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn [\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc], kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ta li\u00ean t\u1ee5c\u2019 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ta n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u00ean tr\u00ec, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u00ean tr\u00ec kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 [kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y], s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong ki\u00ean tr\u00ec. C\u1ea7u mong h\u1ecd h\u00e3y ki\u00ean tr\u00ec thu th\u1eadp cho m\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u2013\u00a0<em>kayir\u0101tha=kareyya\u00a0<\/em>r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c (<em>pu\u00f1\u00f1\u0101ni).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[N\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 10]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em>33. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u1ea3 Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean l\u1eabn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edch c\u1ef1c thu th\u1eadp cho m\u00ecnh kho b\u00e1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Esa devamanuss\u0101vam sabbak\u0101madado nidhi<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u<br \/>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n<br \/>M\u1ecdi \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecdng thi\u00ean nh\u00e2n\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111ang theo \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>34. [<strong>225<\/strong>] [Nh\u01b0ng] kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 di\u1ec5n ra cho nh\u1eefng ai \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i; ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0o x\u1ea9y ra l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mang theo kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng. Theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u2018N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y, v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c, th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 sau \u2018 \u00f4i, sau khi ch\u1ebft, C\u1ea7u mong t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebf l\u1ecb n\u01a1i ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u2018 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u00e2n x\u00e1c b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7, sau khi ch\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebf l\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ngai v\u00e0ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra? v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tu\u00e2n gi\u1eef th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang theo ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y. Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c\u2019 (<em>M.\u00a0<\/em>i. 289) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eady \u201c \u00d4i C\u1ea7u mong ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1edbi th\u1eafng tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia nh\u1eadp ngay l\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, tu\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c n\u00e0y.\u201d \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea9y ra]&#8230;t\u1ea1i sau v\u1eady? v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh theo \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c (<em>M .<\/em>\u00a0i. 289) v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n ph\u00e1n \u2018h\u1ee1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ee9c tin, s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi&#8230;h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n&#8230;x\u1ea3 th\u00ed&#8230;tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. N\u01a1i v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra \u2018\u00d4i v\u00e0o l\u00fac ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y, sau khi ch\u1ebft, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi S\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebf l\u1ecb n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.\u201d Ng\u00e0i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3, tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i; nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3\u2019 (<em>M.<\/em>\u00a0iii. 99-100) v.v&#8230;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[N\u1eeda Th\u1ee9 Nh\u00ec \u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 Th\u1ee9 10]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>35. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Yam yad ev\u0101bhipatthanti, sabbam etena labbhati.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018D\u00f9 h\u1ecd mong mu\u1ed1n g\u00ec<br \/>\u0110\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111u\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<br \/>Nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng t\u1ea1o n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc ao. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 u\u1edbc v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qui tr\u00ecnh \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb cho s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec do t\u00e2m \u0111em l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 11]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>36. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i ph\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp theo v\u1edbi n\u0103m \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Suvannat\u0101 sussarat\u0101 [susanth\u0101nasur\u016bpat\u0101<br \/>\u0100dhipaccapariv\u0101ro; sabbam etena labbhati.]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a m\u00e0u da<br \/>V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh<br \/>V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a d\u00e1ng h\u00ecnh<br \/>V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<br \/>\u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb th\u1eadt cao sang<br \/>C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn<br \/>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br \/>\u00a0Nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y [th\u00f4ng qua] gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t trong [t\u1eebng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh] l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u00ean nh\u1edd v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, trong n\u0103m \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong s\u1ed1 n\u0103m c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 v\u1eeba n\u00eau. V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p n\u01a1i c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn\u00a0<em>Suvannat\u0101:\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 l\u00e0n da c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc h\u1ed3ng h\u00e0o. C\u00f3 l\u00e0n da m\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng \u00f3ng; v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng. Nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u2018H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u. V\u00ec khi m\u1ed9t Nh\u01b0 lai&#8230; n\u01a1i ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc&#8230;. N\u01a1i ki\u1ebfp t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ef1c t\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt khi t\u1ecf v\u1ebb th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. V\u00e0 v\u00ec khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i ra song ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0o ch\u1eefa g\u00ec c\u1ea3. [<strong>226<\/strong>] kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ecf v\u1ebb b\u1ef1c d\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ecf v\u1ebb \u00e1c t\u00e2m. kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ecf v\u1ebb phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i, b\u1ef1c t\u1ee9c, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn, c\u00e1u k\u1ec9nh g\u1eaft g\u1ecfng. V\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ban ph\u00e1t nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u00e1o kho\u1eafc v\u1ea3i lanh h\u1ea3o h\u1ea1ng, v\u1ea3i b\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7n&#8230;len c\u1ef1c \u1ea5m; v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. t\u00edch lu\u1ef9&#8230;.khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0m th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai tu\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n. C\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc da v\u00e0ng \u00f3ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0n da v\u00e0ng \u00f3ng huy ho\u00e0ng.\u2019 (<em>D.\u00a0<\/em>iii. 159).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>37. Gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i tuy\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7n (<em>sussarat\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean. Th\u1ed1t ra nh\u01b0 gi\u1ecdng chim karavika.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn10\">[10]<\/a>\u00a0Gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i\u201d h\u1ee1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, v\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai n\u01a1i ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc&#8230;\u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean trong tr\u1eafng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0i nhi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i, l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o t\u1edbi l\u00f2ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, r\u1ea5t th\u00e2n quen v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c&#8230;khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai tu\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i sang s\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i t\u1ef1a ti\u1ebfng Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng chim Karavika h\u00f3t vang\u2019 (D. iii. 173).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>38. Khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p\u00a0<em>(susan\u1e6dth\u0101nat\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng\u00a0<em>(san\u1e6dh\u0101nat\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>m\u1ef9 mi\u1ec1u\u00a0<em>(Su\u1e6d\u1e6dhu)<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 tr\u00f2n tr\u1ecba d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng (<em>sam\u016bpacitava\u1e6d\u1e6ditayautta\u1e6d\u1e6dhanesu);<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c chi c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n tr\u1ecba \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean. Theo nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u2018h\u1ee1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u. V\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai n\u01a1i ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc&#8230; v\u1eeba t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfp con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh, m\u01b0u t\u00ecm h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, an nh\u00e0n, an to\u00e0n, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3nh t\u00f9 t\u1ed9i, giam h\u00e3m, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 suy ngh\u0129, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng ni\u1ec1m tin, gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111a v\u0103n, x\u1ea3 th\u00ed, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i gi\u1ea7u sang, ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, n\u01a1i gia c\u1ea7m gia s\u00fac. N\u01a1i v\u1ee3 con, n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4 b\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb trai g\u00e1i, h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng. B\u1ea1n b\u00e8 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft.?\u201d Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho b\u00e1u cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, n\u01a1i ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh &#8230; v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ea7u thai l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd c\u0169ng chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ba tu\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n, v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u01b0 t\u1eed oai h\u00f9ng. Long b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. \u0110\u1ea7u c\u1ed5, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n r\u00e3nh c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u00f2n tr\u1ecba\u2019 (<em>D.<\/em>\u00a0iii. 164), [<strong>227<\/strong>].v.v&#8230;V\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn n\u01a1i n\u00e0y n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3] nh\u1edd kho b\u00e1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3 trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Nh\u01b0 Lai theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00eau tr\u00ean; nh\u01b0ng ta ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, s\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>39. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.\u00a0<em>V\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u00e2n (sar\u016bpat\u0101)<\/em>: \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng\u201d nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u201c n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u1edbi x\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2n v\u00e0 da th\u1ecbt\u201d ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb \u2018h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y\u2019 (<em>M. I 1901); M. I 1901);\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t thanh tao c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n. Th\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb9p, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 cao, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 g\u1ea7y c\u00f2m m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 m\u1eadp \u00fa., kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 \u0111en m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p. \u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.; c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t S\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebf l\u1ef5 n\u01a1i s\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v.v&#8230; l\u00e0 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<em>\u0110o\u00e0n h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn (parivaro)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n gia c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m t\u1ee5c. V\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia \u0111i tu ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o n\u01a1i t\u0103ng gi\u00e0 g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang.\u00a0<em>\u0100dhipaccapariv\u0101ro = \u0101dhipacca\u00f1 ca pariv\u0101ro ca\u00a0<\/em>thay th\u1ebf hai \u00e2m ng\u1eafn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p<em>.\u00a0<\/em>V\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o n\u01a1i th\u00e2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng \u2018v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn\u201d v.v&#8230; tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng mang l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f4i t\u1edb v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>40.\u00a0<em>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111em l\u1ea1i (sabbam etena labbhati.\u00a0<\/em>ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u do c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3\u2019) \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n n\u00eau ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau. \u201c b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ng\u00e0i \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.\u2019(\u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 10) v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m s\u00e1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng\u2019 v.v&#8230; to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 12]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>41. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00eau tr\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi th\u1ea7n linh v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1nh b\u00ec v\u1edbi ng\u00f4i v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c. C\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111em l\u1ea1i, ng\u00e0i li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1n m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 sau.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Padesarajjam [issariyam cakkava\u1e6d\u1e6disukham piyam<br \/>Devarajjam pi debbesu: sabbam etena labbhati]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng [m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i<br \/>\u2018C\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c chuy\u1ec3n lu\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng.<br \/>\u2018V\u00e0 ng\u1ef1 tr\u00ean thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<br \/>\u2018T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br \/>\u2018Nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.\u2019]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh tuy\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebf k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>42. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y,\u00a0<em>ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i (Padesarajjam)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n gian n\u00e0y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u. C\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eefa c\u0169ng v\u1eady\u00a0<em>(<\/em>issariya<em>m<\/em>)\u00a0<em>c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng; v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c chuy\u1ec3n lu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u. C\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c chuy\u1ec3n lu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0<\/em>(<em>cakkava\u1e6d\u1e6disukham piyam)<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u ch\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc ao b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u nay v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c: nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n n\u00eau l\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a vua chuy\u1ec3n lu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n g\u1ed1c (c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1n ch\u00e2u. Th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi:\u00a0<em>devarajjam = devesu rajjam<\/em>\u00a0(thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p), ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n n\u00eau l\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n linh do nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 (\u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n do)\u00a0<em>Mandh\u0101tu<\/em>\u00a0[trong c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Tam th\u1eadp tam thi\u00ean]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn11\">[11]<\/a>\u00a0v.v&#8230; tr\u00ean thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng do \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean l\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n [\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n do] m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 [thay v\u00ec] th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n (t\u00e1i sanh) trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (<em>dibba<\/em>) b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1c th\u00fa (<em>divi<\/em>) c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>43.\u00a0<em>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 ra. (Sabbam etena labbhati):\u00a0<\/em>\u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 ra cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean \u201cB\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbc ao c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 ra.(\u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 10) [<strong>228<\/strong>] v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai t\u1eeb \u201cb\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec\u201d (to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u1edf m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u2018ng\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i\u2019. v.v&#8230; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111o\u1ea1n \u201cc\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p\u2019 m\u00e0 ra.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 13]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>44. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y trong \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 tr\u00ean t\u00ednh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi n\u01a1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c thi\u00ean qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ra, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>M\u0101nusik\u0101 ca sampatti [devaloke ca y\u0101 rati]<br \/>Y\u0101 ca nibb\u0101nasampatti: sabbam etena babbhati]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018V\u1ebb t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi<br \/>[\u2018M\u1ecdi hoan l\u1ea1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi,<br \/>\u2018Hay t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng:<br \/>\u2018T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br \/>\u2018Nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c\u2019,]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>45. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 sau.\u00a0<em>M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi (M\u0101nusik\u0101)<\/em>:ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi (<em>manussa),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>m\u0101nus\u012b\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00e0\u00a0<em>m\u0101nus\u012b\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>(M\u0101nusik\u0101)<\/em>. T\u1ed1i th\u1eafng (sampatti) l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n (<em>sampajjana)<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn12\">[12]<\/a>\u00a0<em>C\u00f5i thi\u00ean cung:devaloko = dev\u0101nam loko (<\/em>thay th\u1ebf hai \u00e2m ng\u1eafn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p<em>);\u00a0<\/em>n\u01a1i c\u00f5i thi\u00ean cung \u0111\u00f3.<em>\u00a0B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec (ya)\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc [trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y] h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan l\u1ea1c (<em>ramanti)\u00a0<\/em>nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 khi hoan l\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean n\u01a1i h\u1ecd hay khi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ta c\u00f3 hoan l\u1ea1c (<em>rati) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<\/em>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m hoan l\u1ea1c hay \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u1eady.\u00a0<em>Ngay c\u1ea3 (ya) l\u00e0 m\u1ea1o t\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh [trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y].\u00a0<\/em>Gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 (<em>ca: kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch trong d\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 ba] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean t\u1eeb m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u1edbi t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean, t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng (nibb\u0101nasampatti).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>46. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau: v\u1ebb t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi hoan l\u1ea1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u2018v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p \u1edf h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi xa h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tu\u1ef3 t\u00edn h\u00e0nh\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn13\">[13]<\/a>\u00a0c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh do ri\u00eang gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 thay th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb9p do c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn v.v&#8230; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ebb t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v.v&#8230; \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m , \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y (cf kv 99. cf Aw -iv) v\u00e0 xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa hoan h\u1ef7 trong thi\u1ec1n v.v&#8230;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn14\">[14]<\/a>\u00a0trong thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 ba \u201c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u201d \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh do (ri\u00eang) gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 14]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>47. sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00eau trong \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00edn h\u00e0nh. [<em>t\u1ee9c \u1edf b\u1eadc Nh\u1eadp L\u01b0u<\/em>] v.v&#8230;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn15\">[15]<\/a>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Mittasampadam \u0101gamma [yoniso ve payu\u00f1jato<br \/>Vijj\u0101vimutti vas\u012bbh\u0101vo: sabbam etena labbhati]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018\u0110\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu<br \/>Chuy\u00ean tu t\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh ch\u00e2n<br \/>\u0110\u1ea1t minh tr\u00ed gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<br \/>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br \/>Nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c si\u00eau tho\u00e1t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn16\">[16]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ba minh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ra.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>48. \u0110\u00e2y ta ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c t\u1eeb. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng (<em>sampajjati)<\/em>, ho\u1eb7c ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc\u00a0<em>(p\u0101pun\u0101ti)<\/em>\u00a0nh\u1eefng \u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng sampad<em>\u0101<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn17\">[17]<\/a>\u00a0ch\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng trong b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu v\u1eady (<em>mittasampada<\/em>): [<strong>229<\/strong>] \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu.\u00a0<em>M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (\u0101gamma: ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u201cdo b\u1edfi\u201d):\u00a0<\/em>l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn18\">[18]<\/a>\u00a0<em>t\u00e1c \u00fd (yoniso: ngh\u0129a \u0111en. \u2018M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a\u201d)\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn19\">[19]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Chuy\u00ean tu t\u1eadp (papyu\u00f1jato: ngh\u0129a \u0111en. \u2018\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb n\u00e0o chuy\u00ean tu t\u1eadp\u2019) k\u1ebb n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn20\">[20]<\/a><em>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, chuy\u00ean tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u1ebb n\u00e0o nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em>\u00a0nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Minh (<em>vijj\u0101).<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn21\">[21]<\/a>\u00a0Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (<em>vimuccati), hay ch\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (vumutta), nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (vimutti) v\u1eady; k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (ngh\u0129a \u0111en, \u2018\u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u2019): vijj\u0101vimuttivas\u012bbh\u0101vo = vijj\u0101-vimuttisu vasi-bh\u0101vo (<\/em>thay th\u1ebf hai \u00e2m ng\u1eafn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p<em>).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>49. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Nh\u1edd vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 n\u00e0y (th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng) th\u00f4ng qua t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eady b\u00e9n kh\u00f4n ngoan c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn22\">[22]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu nh\u1edd n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt hay d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 v\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y.- vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tam minh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 t\u00fac m\u1ea1ng minh. [thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n minh, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfp qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 l\u1eadu t\u1eadn minh]. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh t\u00e1m thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn23\">[23]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau: \u2018v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u1eady? \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t v\u1eady.\u2019 (<em>Dhs.\u00a0<\/em>1367) v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u201cto\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 15]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady sau khi ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 v\u1edbi c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111at \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 (nh\u1eefng \u00e2n hu\u1ec7) n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 minh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tam minh, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Pa\u1e6disambhid\u0101 vimokkh\u0101 ca [y\u0101 ca s\u0101vakap\u0101rami<br \/>Paccekabodhi buddhabh\u016bmi: sabbam etena labbati]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>T\u1eeb v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o<br \/>T\u00e1m c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<br \/>Vi\u00ean m\u00e3n tr\u00ed Thanh v\u0103n<br \/>C\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<br \/>\u0110\u1ed9c gi\u00e1c Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c<br \/>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br \/>Nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee1ng bi\u00ean n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 minh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tam minh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i v.v&#8230; nh\u1edd v\u00e0o t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u [t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c] \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3i n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb minh b\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u1ea5y ng\u00e0i (\u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y) v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u201d do gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn24\">[24]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a, v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn25\">[25]<\/a>\u00a0(A.ii.160;iii 113; vbh,193-7), ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng (<em>patisambhida<\/em>&#8211; v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i) v\u00e0 b\u00e1t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t n\u00e0y (<em>vimokkha<\/em>) \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 (tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t) trong b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0: c\u00f3 s\u1eafc, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c s\u1eafc (D.ii-70<em>, M.ii.12)v\u00e0\u00a0<\/em>Ba la m\u1eadt thinh v\u0103n (<em>s\u0101vakap\u0101ram\u012b<\/em>), \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 thinh v\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 thinh v\u0103n \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 [c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0], \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u00e1c (<em>paccekabodhi<\/em>) \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng (tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y) v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ph\u1eadt (to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c &#8211;\u00a0<em>buddhabhumi<\/em>) \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh, l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u do gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (ri\u00eang) \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 16]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>51. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi ba \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch chung chung b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 \u201c b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111u\u1ee3c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ra\u2019 (\u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 10) [230] gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Evam mahatthik\u0101 es\u0101 [yadidam pu\u00f1\u00f1asampad\u0101<br \/>Tasm\u0101 dh\u012br\u0101 pasamsanti pan\u1e0dit\u0101 katapu\u00f1\u00f1atam]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o th\u1eadt l\u1edbn lao<br \/>Do c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<br \/>V\u00ec th\u1ebf k\u1ebb tinh c\u1ea7n<br \/>V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u00f3 tr\u00ed<br \/>\u0110\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng<br \/>C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i danh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n m\u1ecdi \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n (c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 10).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>52. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i t\u1eeb trong c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady (<em>evam<\/em>) tham kh\u1ea3o l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p l\u1edbn lao (<em>mah\u0101 attho assa<\/em>), nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00f3 cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p\u00a0<em>mahatthik\u0101<\/em>); \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch (b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p) v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i;\u00a0<em>mahiddhik\u0101<\/em>\u00a0(c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc.\u00a0<em>It (es\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 (trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u k\u1ec7) t\u1eeb nh\u01b0ng khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef hay m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi (c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 6) xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1edb g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c (c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 9). T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 (<em>yadidam<\/em>) ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a so s\u00e1nh, n\u00f3 so s\u00e1nh trong c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y\u00a0<em>(y\u0101 es\u0101 cf MA. I. 95<\/em>) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh do n\u00f3\u00a0<em>(es\u0101),<\/em>\u00a0t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c:\u00a0<em>pu\u00f1\u00f1asampad\u0101 = pu\u00f1\u00f1nam sampad\u0101\u00a0<\/em>(thay th\u1ebf hai \u00e2m ng\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tinh c\u1ea7n\u00a0<em>(dh\u012br\u0101),<\/em>\u00a0nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec\u00a0<em>(dhitimanta)\u00a0<\/em>t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u00a0<em>(pasamsanti)<\/em>: khen ng\u1ee3i b\u1eadc thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c\u00a0<em>(pandit\u0101)<\/em>, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. M\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o\u00a0<em>(dhitimant\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i sau khi t\u1ea1o ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>53. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn do nh\u1edd n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u201c v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p n\u01a1i c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn\u201d v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u201cc\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u201d, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ea5y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. V\u00e0 trong khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0\u00a0<em>(es\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0t\u1ee9c l\u00e0\u00a0<em>(yadidam)<\/em>\u00a0t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u201cnh\u01b0 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef hay m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi\u201d, do nh\u1edd ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) cho nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u00a0<em>(evam mahatthik\u0101), v<\/em>\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u00ean tr\u00ec\u00a0<em>(dh\u012br\u0101) v<\/em>\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c\u00a0<em>(pandit\u0101)<\/em>, ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00fang sanh, thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ec7t m\u00f5i, v\u00e0 \u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o\u00a0<em>(katapu\u00f1\u00f1atam pasamsanti)<\/em>, trong nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, khi \u0111ang th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u v\u0103n nh\u01b0 \u201c kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chia s\u1ebb c\u00f9ng ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee5t kho\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho b\u00e1u n\u00e0y (c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 9) v\u00e0 n\u00e0y ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1ee3 h\u1ea3i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh cho ph\u00fac l\u1ea1c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c (A.IV.88).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>54. Cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng, v\u1ecb c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3 D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u. Khi v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c vua pasenadi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Kosala, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y k\u1ec3 cho \u0111\u1ee9c vua nghe \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. \u0110\u1ee9c vua r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1n: \u201cth\u1eadt t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh thay, n\u00e0y c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam, th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh l\u00e0m sao [231] \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i b\u1eaft c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o\u201d. \u0110\u1ee9c vua \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fac m\u1eebng\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn26\">[26]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 ca t\u1ee5ng v\u1ecb c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 kinh B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng trong b\u00e0i minh ho\u1ea1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. B\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 kinh k\u1ebft th\u00fac t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>-ooOoo-<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h2><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IX KINH T\u1eea T\u00c2M (<em>Metta-suttam)<\/em><\/strong><\/h2>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>1. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ta ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Kinh T\u1eeb T\u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfp theo ngay sau Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf sau khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp kinh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u00edch h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u00fd ngh\u0129a<br \/>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u minh ho\u1ea1<br \/>Kinh n\u00e0y do ai n\u00f3i ra, khi n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao<br \/>V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>2. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, v.v&#8230; l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng. V\u00e0 Kinh T\u1eeb T\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1 v\u1edbi kinh \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t do ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111em l\u1ea1i, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t khi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u tu luy\u1ec7n T\u1eeb T\u00e2m, th\u00ec t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap \u0111em l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9. Hay b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t gia b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch Quy Y Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u1edd c\u00e1ch tu luy\u1ec7n Th\u1eadp Gi\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Kinh Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i Hai Th\u1ec3, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn ta t\u1eeb b\u1ecf tham \u00e1i, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh Nam T\u1eed H\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1o c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra cho ta t\u1eeb b\u1ecf si m\u00ea, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi Kinh \u0110i\u1ec1m L\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh trong khi vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf di\u1ec5n ra, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi Kinh Ch\u00e2u B\u00e1u l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i v\u1edbi Kinh Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng [cho th\u1ea5y] s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong khi vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u00ean, Kinh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang sanh trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong Kinh Ch\u00e2u B\u00e1u, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i v\u1edbi Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong Kinh B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay th\u00ec ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u00e2n h\u1eadn; v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u00e2n h\u1eadn, Kinh T\u1eeb T\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0y: v\u00ec theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t Kinh T\u1eeb T\u00e2m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[Ngu\u1ed3n G\u1ed1c]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>3. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong L\u1ed9 Tr\u00ecnh n\u00eau tr\u00ean:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>T\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u00fd ngh\u0129a<br \/>Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u minh ho\u1ea1<br \/>Kinh n\u00e0y do ai n\u00f3i ra, khi n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao?<br \/>V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/em>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, [<strong>232<\/strong>] Ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 Kinh T\u1eeb T\u00e2m, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u00e0o c\u1ea3; v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o l\u00fac c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean qu\u1ea5y ph\u00e1 tr\u00ean d\u1ed1c n\u00fai Hy-ma-l\u1ea1p-s\u01a1n. Ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 kinh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i Savatthi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n. Ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh ch\u1ee9ng cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>4. Nh\u01b0ng ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u theo chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau. V\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp n\u1ecd khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i Savatthi, khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 an c\u01b0 m\u00f9a m\u01b0a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn27\">[27]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111ang ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n. V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa m\u00f9a m\u01b0a t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, h\u1ecd li\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. V\u00e0 t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u01b0 ng\u00e0n c\u00e1ch luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00e1 t\u00e1nh theo c\u00e1ch sau \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00e1nh tham \u00e1i ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn28\">[28]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba s\u00e2n h\u1eadn, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi T\u1eeb T\u00e2m; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00e1nh hay si m\u00ea, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft, v.v&#8230; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00e1nh t\u1ea7m. Ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ra, \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn x\u1ee9, v.v&#8230; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin, \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0i giao cho l\u00e0 g\u1ed3m t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, v.v&#8230;; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1c (kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1) th\u00ec t\u00ednh gi\u00e1c g\u1ed3m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 S\u1eafcT\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>5. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi [m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn] g\u1ed3m n\u0103m tr\u0103m t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 trong qu\u1ed1c gia xa x\u00f4i h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh h\u1ecd t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n r\u1eb7ng n\u00fai Hymalaya. \u0110ang khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai tr\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 pha l\u00ea th\u1ea1ch anh trong su\u1ed1t. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p do nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng v\u1edbi t\u00e1n c\u00e2y se l\u1ea1nh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t m\u1ea7u xanh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1eafn \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc qu\u00fd hay m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y b\u1ea1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u1ea1ch m\u00e1t r\u01b0\u1ee3i. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y sau khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh minh s\u1eafp l\u00f3 r\u1ea1ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd ra \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng xa \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c. T\u1ec9nh l\u1ef5 c\u00f3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n gia t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn29\">[29]<\/a>\u00a0nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. V\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00f3 [<strong>233<\/strong>] \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng [n\u01a1i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt]. V\u00ec cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng xa x\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t gia quy y Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 vui m\u1eebng g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u. V\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd trong su\u1ed1t ba th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. (b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 trong ba th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a) v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y n\u0103m tr\u0103m ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nhu c\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 gi\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfu, b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 r\u1eeda r\u00e1y. v.v&#8230; v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh l\u1ef5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u0169ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 h\u1ecd gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd trong su\u1ed1t m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o r\u1eebng, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd thu x\u1ebfp l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u00eam b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9c chia l\u00e0m c\u00e1c canh th\u1ee9c\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn30\">[30]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung ch\u00fa \u00fd cao \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n, r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd \u0111i ra c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>6. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n r\u1eebng r\u1ea5t ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n do b\u1edfi t\u00ednh gan d\u1ea1 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c. V\u00e0 ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 r\u1ea3o \u0111i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n con. Ngay khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1eaby nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1c vua ch\u00faa quan quy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng c\u0103n nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i di t\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng xa x\u00f4i, [c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean th\u1eafc m\u1eafc m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng] \u2018T\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i di t\u1ea3n kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u2019 Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n r\u1eebng c\u0169ng ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111i lang thang \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00ecn xa xa v\u00e0 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc, \u2018Khi n\u00e0o h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ra \u0111i?\u201d, c\u0169ng v\u1eady c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n r\u1eebng c\u0169ng xu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd tr\u00ean c\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111i lang thang kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb xa xa v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi. \u2018Khi n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o ra \u0111i?\u2019 Ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ngh\u0129, \u201c C\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u nh\u1eadp an c\u01b0 ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1ecfang \u0111\u1ed9 ba th\u00e1ng. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng xa con c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i ba th\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt khi\u1ebfn cho h\u1ecd s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 ra \u0111i s\u1edbm.\u2019 V\u00ec v\u1eady v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh sa m\u00f4n ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean li\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp. Khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00f2ng h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean run s\u1ee3, [<strong>234<\/strong>] m\u1eb7t m\u0169i t\u00e1i xanh l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 da d\u1ebb v\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. Khi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qu\u1ea5y r\u1ea7y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. H\u1ecd qu\u00ean h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, ngay khi h\u1ecd qu\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. R\u1ed3i c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n r\u1eebng l\u1ea1i qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f9i h\u00f4i th\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 s\u1ee3. Khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m h\u1ecd ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t trong m\u00f9i h\u00f4i th\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9. Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9 ra v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00e1m \u1ea3nh h\u1ecd \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>7. R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u qui t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o cao h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a t\u0103ng gi\u00e0, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y li\u1ec1n h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd: \u2018C\u00e1c hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 th\u00e2n m\u1ebfn, khi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0o r\u1eebng, da d\u1ebb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u00e1c v\u1ecb trong s\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7y c\u00f2m v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng v\u1ecdt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf sao? C\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra trong r\u1eebng ch\u0103ng? R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng: \u2018Th\u01b0a tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o, v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 nghe th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y, nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ng\u1eedi th\u1ea5y m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i t\u00e2m t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o t\u1eadp trung nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u2019 V\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i l\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea9y ra nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u1ecb l\u00e3o cao h\u1ea1 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u2018H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3, c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa d\u00e0nh cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 (A. i. 51) v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 xin ng\u00e0i cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u1edf kh\u00e1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta.\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>8. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u li\u1ec1n thu x\u1ebfp g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y b\u00e1t kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kho\u00e1c y c\u00e0 sa kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ai \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec &#8211; v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u1ea5n v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gia t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y c\u1ea3. \u2013 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng du h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi Savatthi. V\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd. Ng\u00e0i li\u1ec1n l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng, \u2018 H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt ta \u0111\u1ec1 ra l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 du h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a !. (Vin. i. 138). [<strong>235<\/strong>] T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>9. H\u1ecd li\u1ec1n t\u00e2u \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea9y ra. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt li\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Di\u00eam Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ec1 (Jambudipa), nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u00e2u ra m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u n\u00e0y. R\u1ed3i ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, \u2018H\u1ee1i ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e2u. V\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa ngay t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1c Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft l\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n n\u00e0y; v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd v\u1eeba l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u an to\u00e0n l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u1eefa v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ng\u00e0i \u1ee9ng kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i Kinh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>10. Theo nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, [cho d\u00f9, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i], \u2018v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u00e3y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngay t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb,\u2019 sau khi n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i th\u00eam, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u s\u1ed1ng trong r\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng hai [c\u00e2u k\u1ec7] T\u1eeb T\u00e2m. Hai [c\u00e2u k\u1ec7] v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u an to\u00e0n, hai c\u00e2u v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hai c\u00e2u v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t t\u00e1m c\u0103n ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u00e2m l\u00e0 sanh, l\u00e3o, b\u1ec7nh, t\u1eed, v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 n\u01a1i b\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ea3nh. Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 sanh, l\u00e3o, b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u1eed r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u1ed5 c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 n\u0103m. \u0110au kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 c\u0103n n\u01a1i v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 c\u0103n n\u01a1i v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 c\u0103n n\u01a1i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng.\u2019v\u00e0 [h\u1ecd cho bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng] khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u n\u00e0y bi\u1ebft qui tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh. R\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i th\u1ed1t ra Kinh n\u00e0y v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1eeb t\u00e2m, v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng qua t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi ba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3].<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>11. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, c\u0169ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec3 minh ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u2018do ai n\u00f3i ra, khi n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao kinh n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018Ta s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<br \/>ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c Kinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng,<br \/>do ai n\u00f3i ra, khi n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao\u2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>[<strong>236<\/strong>] \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra chi ti\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9. V\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i ra:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>\u2018V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i ta s\u1ebd n\u00f3i ra\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a Kinh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u0169ng v\u1eeba m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5 theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>[<em>\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7\u00a0<\/em>1]<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Karan\u012byam atthakusalena [yan tam santam padam abhisamecca. Sakko uju ca s\u016bj\u016b ca suvaco c\u2019assa mudu antim\u0101n\u012b]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>V\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<br \/>C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 sau:<br \/>Sau khi hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<br \/>Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng an t\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y<br \/>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh<br \/>Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o ch\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c<br \/>D\u1ec5 n\u00f3i v\u00e0 nhu ho\u00e0<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec cao main<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 1: ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i t\u1eeb]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>12.\u00a0<em>N\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: karan\u012byam=k\u0101tabbam (danh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c); \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m (karan\u0101raham). \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch (attha) l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o;\u00a0<\/em>hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta (<em>attano hitam.) v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh l\u1ec5 (araniy\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn31\">[31]<\/a>\u00a0ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch\u2019 (<em>attha) \u2013 v\u00e0 &#8216;v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh l\u1ec5\u2019 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n. Th\u00f4ng qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o trong \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch: atthakusalena=atthe kusalena (thay t<\/em>h\u1ebf hai \u00e2m ng\u1eafn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p<em>);\u00a0<\/em>th\u00f4ng qua ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<em>\u00a0\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec (yam):\u00a0<\/em>ho\u1eb7c (1) \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh [\u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi\u00a0<em>karan\u012byam],\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0\u00a0<em>\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y (tam)\u00a0<\/em>l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh [l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi\u00a0<em>santam padam (<\/em>trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0\u2019) c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch (ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi\u00a0<em>karan\u012byam) v<\/em>\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>Santam padam (\u2018hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh\u2019)<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn32\">[32]<\/a><em>l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch \u2013 v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb cho t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t.<\/em>\u00a0V\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u2018an b\u00ecnh\u2019\u00a0<em>(santam)\u00a0<\/em>nh\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u2018hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng\u2019\u00a0<em>(pandam)\u00a0<\/em>th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (<em>pattabbat\u0101).Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn (abhisamecca): sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (abhisam\u0101gantv\u0101).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>13. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (<em>sakkoti)<\/em>, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u00e0i c\u00f3\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn33\">[33]<\/a>\u00a0kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng (<em>sakko);\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh.\u00a0<em>\u0110\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn (uju)<\/em>: \u0111i song c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ngay th\u1eb3ng (<em>ajjava).\u00a0<\/em>\u00d4ng \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn (<em>sutthu uju),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c, li\u00eam khi\u1ebft (<em>s\u016bj\u016b).\u00a0<\/em>\u0102n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng (<em>sukha) trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhu m\u00ec (suvaco \u2013 ng.\u0111en, \u2018c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng\u2019) ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: assa=bhaveyya (<\/em>m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c).\u00a0<em>D\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng (mudu- ng.\u0111en \u2018<\/em>d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o\u2019) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u00e1c v\u00e0o t\u00ednh d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng (<em>maddava). Kh\u00f4ng ki\u00eau c\u0103ng<\/em>:\u00a0<em>anatim\u0101n\u012b= na atim\u0101n\u012b (th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c.)<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[N\u1eeda \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>14. Gi\u1edd th\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a hai c\u00e2u:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Sau khi hi\u1ec3u th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<br \/>Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng an t\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>15. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tam h\u1ecdc\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn34\">[34]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c, th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ea1nh ki\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh., th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u01a1i sinh m\u1ec7nh. v.v&#8230;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>16. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 quy y Ph\u1eadt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadn t\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t (xin \u0111\u1ecdc A. iii. 54) ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c t\u1edbi hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn35\">[35]<\/a>\u00a0lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. \u2013 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, [v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u] v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1ecf ra ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n tre pheo, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed l\u00e1, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed hoa qu\u1ea3, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed c\u1ea3 t\u0103m x\u1ec9a r\u0103ng, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t. B\u1ed1 th\u00ed c\u00e1c ti\u1ec7n nghi t\u1eafm r\u1eeda, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eafm, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, t\u00e2ng b\u1ed1c, ch\u00e1o \u0111\u1eadu, m\u01a1n tr\u1edbn, mang th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i b\u1ed9, l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eb7t.[<strong>237<\/strong>] l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed kh\u00e1c, b\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u00f3i v\u01b0\u1eddn, b\u00f3i chi\u00eam tinh, b\u00f3i b\u00e0n tay. \u2013 lui t\u1edbi s\u00e1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u2018\u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ebfm, t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 b\u00e0 go\u00e1, t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 con g\u00e1i l\u1ee1 th\u1eddi, t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1n quan, t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u ni. Hay t\u1edbi qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u; s\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, hay \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch giao ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu luy\u1ec7n, lui t\u1edbi v\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u1ec5 c\u00e1c gia t\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. Thi\u1ebfu ni\u1ec1m tin, nghi\u1ec7n ng\u1eadp, vu kh\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i, g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t ho\u00e0, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u,[v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u ni v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 n\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng quan t\u00e2m. (Vbh. 246)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>17. Nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy y Ph\u1eadt t\u1ef1 hi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u01a1i t\u1ee9 thanh t\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o. Ch. i. \u00a742\/tr. 15) chu to\u00e0n thu th\u00fac theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m tin. C\u0103n quy\u1ec1n thu th\u00fac d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m. Nu\u00f4i m\u1ea1ng thanh t\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 tinh ti\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn36\">[36]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>18. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n khi thanh t\u1ecbnh (thanh l\u1ecdc) thu th\u00fac th\u00f4ng qua Gi\u1edbi b\u1ea3n Lu\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thanh t\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i vi ph\u1ea1m (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. v. \u00a7 129), [thanh t\u1ecbnh] thanh l\u1ecdc c\u0103n quy\u1ec1n thu th\u00fac th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00f4ng cho Tham \u00e1c v\u00e0 [S\u00e2n] n\u1ed5i l\u00ean khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1o \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee5c m\u00f4n [n\u01a1i n\u0103m c\u0103n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi con m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 \u00fd], thanh t\u1ecbnh hay thanh l\u1ecdc nu\u00f4i m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh xa vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm (kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1) kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n tr\u00ed giao ph\u00f3 cho v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Nh\u01b0 Lai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd khen ng\u1ee3i. [thanh t\u1ecbnh hay thanh l\u1ecdc] c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed1n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch r\u00e0 so\u00e1t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn37\">[37]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u00ean, v\u00e0 [thanh t\u1ecbnh hay thanh l\u1ecdc] t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n (xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>M.\u00a0<\/em>i. 57) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i [t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c n\u00e0y] trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 oai nghi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed hay m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, [t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, h\u00e0nh x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 si (xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>MA.\u00a0<\/em>i. 253-70)].<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>19. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch khi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u2018gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o d\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng soi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lau s\u1ea1ch b\u1eb1ng tro v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y thanh t\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch trong n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi u\u1ea9n\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn38\">[38]<\/a>\u00a0c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 con g\u00e0 m\u00e1i canh gi\u1eef \u1ed5 tr\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1eady, v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con b\u00f2 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng gi\u1eef c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn chi\u1ebfc \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. V\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con duy nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec gi\u1eef g\u00ecn con y\u00eau qu\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o. V\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u00e3n th\u00ec gi\u1eef g\u00ecn con m\u1eaft duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn ra sao. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o. Ch. i \u00a798\/tr.36), [<strong>238<\/strong>] v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1i \u0111\u00eam cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng sai x\u00f3t (ch\u00ea bai) nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>20. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng n\u01a1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00ea bai g\u00ec, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn39\">[39]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o (defilement) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec1n Bi\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c (kasina: xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o.Ch. iv-v), v\u00e0 khi th\u1ef1c thi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n Jhana.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>21. Nh\u01b0ng T\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e0, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y qu\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh (Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o Ch. xviii-xxi) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>22. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o \u2018c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch\u2019, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khen ng\u1ee3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 do h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng n\u01a1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra ch\u00ea bai g\u00ec c\u1ea3, hay l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft m\u1ef1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o\u2019 ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn40\">[40]<\/a>\u00a0t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea v\u00e0o h\u1ea1ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>23. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf (1) \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i\u00a0<em>Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00ean l\u00e0m (karan\u012byam atthakusalena) l<\/em>i\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u00e1o l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3, khi h\u1ecd suy t\u00ednh, \u2018\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n?\u2019 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0<em>\u00a0hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an t\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y (yan tam santam padam abhisamecca).\u00a0<\/em>\u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 sau. [\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0] \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (<em>karan\u012byam) do ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n,\u00a0<\/em>sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u\u00a0<em>ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp,\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 n\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t n\u00e0y (<em>santam nibb\u0101na-padam),\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Nh\u01b0 Lai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c [\u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn41\">[41]<\/a>\u00a0c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i khen ng\u1ee3i. V\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0\u2019(<em>yam)\u00a0<\/em>ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn42\">[42]<\/a>\u00a0ngay \u1edf d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5, \u2018n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u2019 (<em>karan\u012byam); nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u201c<\/em>ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau\u2019 (<em>tam santam padam abhisamecca) ph<\/em>\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i \u2018do m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0\u1edbc ao &#8230; c\u01b0 tr\u00fa n\u01a1i, m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u1edbi \u1edf tr\u00ean. (\u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn43\">[43]<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>24. (2) N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau: khi th\u00f4ng qua tin \u0111\u1ed3n, v.v&#8230; li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, \u2018ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (<em>abhisamecca)<\/em>\u00a0hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh\u2019, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u ra v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t (nibb\u0101na-padam)<\/em>ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 (hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng)<em>an b\u00ecnh (santam).\u00a0<\/em>V\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec \u2018<em>\u0111i\u1ec1u (m\u00e0) yan tam.)\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tu luy\u1ec7n n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (<em>karan\u012byam)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ebf n\u00e0y\u00a0<em>(tam);<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch (<em>atthakusalena).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>25.<em>\u00a0(3) H<\/em>o\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u2018 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00ean l\u00e0m\u2019 (<em>karan\u012byam atthakusalena),\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 v\u1ecb [t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u] mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1eady?\u2019 v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u2018hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh\u2019 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eady (<em>yam tam santam abhisamecca)\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau. Sau khi [\u0111\u00e3 xoay s\u1edf] \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (<em>abhisamecca)<\/em>\u00a0hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh (<em>santam padam)<\/em>\u00a0th\u00f4ng qua tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf,\u00a0<em>\u0111i\u1ec1u (yam) c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (karaniyam)\u00a0<\/em>[<em>l\u00e0<\/em>]<em>\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y (tam)-\u00a0<\/em>\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m (<em>k\u0101tabbam) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (karaniyam) v\u1eady;\u00a0<\/em>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn44\">[44]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (<em>k\u0101ran\u0101raham)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. -. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u1eady? [<strong>239<\/strong>] c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u00ean l\u00e0m ngo\u00e0i [vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n [\u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3]? \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn tam h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n; v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn trong b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, \u201cC\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u201d \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tam h\u1ecdc (\u00a7, 15)\u2019\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn45\">[45]<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>26. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u am hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec c\u1ea3, v\u00ec l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y n\u00e0y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh<br \/>Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o ch\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c<br \/>D\u1ec5 n\u00f3i v\u00e0 nhu ho\u00e0<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec cao m\u1ea1n<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra chi ti\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u1ea9n s\u0129 trong r\u1eebng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 1: b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>27. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec v\u1eady? M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u1ea9n s\u0129 trong r\u1eebng. Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0 tr\u00fa n\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xoay x\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3, hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xoay s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, l\u1ea1i \u0111ang tu luy\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn46\">[46]<\/a>\u00a0<em>s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng (sakko assa) v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a tinh c\u1ea7n chi<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn47\">[47]<\/a><em>\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n v\u00e0 sinh m\u1ec7nh. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, n\u01a1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c bi\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 (<em>kasina<\/em>: xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o. Ch. iv.) trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn. v.v&#8230; v\u00e0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn48\">[48]<\/a>\u00a0trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eeda sang l\u1ea1i b\u00e1t kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, y c\u00e0 sa, v.v&#8230; v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ecd, \u0111i\u1ec1u to, \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>28. C\u00f3\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn49\">[49]<\/a>\u00a0kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c (<em>uju)\u00a0<\/em>v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu chi th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a tinh c\u1ea7n chi\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn50\">[50]<\/a>. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c, thay v\u00ec h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c h\u01a1n n\u1eefa (<em>sutthutaram uju),<\/em>[c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0,\u00a0<em>ngay th\u1eb3ng(s\u016bj\u016b) b<\/em>\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ed5 v\u00f5 cho t\u00ednh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c bao l\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng l\u1eeba l\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 ngay th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1. Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt trong th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ngay th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt trong \u00fd. Ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0o] kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu n\u01a1i [ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3]. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>Vin.<\/em>\u00a0<em>P\u0101r\u0101jika 4)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 t\u1ecf ra ngay th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c n\u00e0o n\u1ed5i l\u00ean do nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111em l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ecf ra ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ngay th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng trong tr\u1eafng n\u01a1i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn51\">[51]<\/a><em>\u00a0<\/em>Bao g\u1ed3m trong nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng [nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh thanh t\u1ecbnh] v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 tam t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng [v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, v.v&#8230;] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1eb1ng c\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a tam h\u1ecdc, [c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m,] th\u00f4ng qua c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 ba, [c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ec7]\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn52\">[52]<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>29. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ngay th\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f2n t\u1ecf ra\u00a0<em>nhu m\u00ec (suvaco)<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn53\">[53]<\/a>\u00a0n\u1eefa; v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u2018kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y\u2019 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i \u2018b\u1ea1n \u0111ang nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec v\u1eady? B\u1ea1n nghe th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3? B\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ai m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i; b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ea1o s\u01b0, l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n?\u2019 ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 gi\u1eef im l\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 r\u1ed1i hay ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn [l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean] nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00f2n l\u00e2u m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o.; nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7, n\u00f3i, \u2018t\u1ed1t, th\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch [<strong>240<\/strong>] th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ta, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u01a1i t\u00f4i, xin ng\u00e0i c\u1ee9 v\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m m\u00e0 n\u00f3i ra cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft. C\u1ea7u mong t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean r\u0103n t\u1eeb n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7. Th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n xa m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, nhu m\u00ec,(c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>30.V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f2n t\u1ecf ra\u00a0<em>hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh, ho\u00e0 nh\u00e3 (mudu<\/em>: ngh\u0129a.\u0111en \u2018d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o\u2019<em>)<\/em>\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, nhu m\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111ang khi ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng tu luy\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi khi b\u1ecb h\u1ecd \u00e9p \u0111i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eb7t, v.v&#8230; ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ecf ra d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o (nhu m\u00ec) trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn54\">[54]<\/a>\u00a0trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh luy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00fac kh\u00e1c.(xin \u0111\u1ecdc td. M. ii. 18). Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb nhu m\u00ec [c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0] ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra nh\u0103n nh\u00f3 (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o.Ch. i. \u00a761\/tr. 23), v\u1ebb m\u1eb7t t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1eafn, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac s\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ed9i qua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>31. V\u00e0 ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ecf ra nhu m\u00ec, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra ki\u00eau c\u0103ng (<em>anatim\u0101n\u012b)\u00a0<\/em>n\u1eefa; ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra ki\u00eau c\u0103ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u00fd do c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ecf ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh v\u00ec gia \u0111\u00ecnh, d\u00f2ng t\u1ed9c, v.v&#8230; nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o Sariputta t\u1ecf ra \u0111i\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea1m v\u1edbi h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ecb khai tr\u1eeb hay vua quan trong tri\u1ec1u (<em>A.\u00a0<\/em>iv. 376)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 2]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>32. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u1ea9n s\u0129 s\u1ed1ng trong r\u1eebng, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xoay s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n c\u01b0 tr\u00fa trong \u0111\u00f3, hay v\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111ang tu luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3. R\u1ed3i ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n \u01b0\u1edbc ao tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf, ng\u00e0i li\u1ec1n th\u1ed1t ra m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Santussako ca subharo ca appakicco ca sallahukavutti<br \/>Santindriyo ca nipako ca apagabbho kulesu ananugiddho<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>S\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7<br \/>Nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng<br \/>\u00cdt c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 r\u1ed9n r\u00e0ng<br \/>S\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1m b\u1ea1c, gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb<br \/>C\u00e1c c\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1c<br \/>Kh\u00f4n ngoan v\u00e0 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng x\u00f4n x\u00e1o gia \u0111\u00ecnh<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng tham \u00e1i, tham v\u1ecdng<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>33. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0i t\u1ecf ra tri t\u00fac (<em>santussanti)\u00a0<\/em>v\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng n\u1eb1m trong nh\u00f3m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 \u2018 v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 tri t\u00fac v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u01a1n s\u00e2u xa\u2019 (Ch. v. \u00a7\u00a7 161 tt.) Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i t\u1ecf v\u1ebb tri t\u00fac (<em>santussako).\u00a0<\/em>Hay n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, ng\u00e0i t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng (<em>tussati),\u00a0<\/em>ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng (<em>tussati)\u00a0<\/em>v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 (<em>sakena tussaka),\u00a0<\/em>ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra (<em>santena tussaka).\u00a0<\/em>ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri t\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u [v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3] (<em>samena tussaka).\u00a0<\/em>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i tri t\u00fac (<em>santussaka).\u00a0<\/em>\u01a0 \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ec1u ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u00e0i c\u00f3\u2019 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb trong nghi th\u1ee9c th\u1ecd c\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 \u2018ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n do kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u00f3\u2019 (Vin. i. 58, 93) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft [d\u00e0nh cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u] m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tri t\u00fac v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh c\u00f3\u2019 khi, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i ngay khi nh\u1eadn hay v\u00e0o l\u00fac s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho d\u00f9 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u. Cho d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018\u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n cho ng\u00e0i\u2019 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.[<strong>241<\/strong>] ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n [d\u00e0nh cho m\u00ecnh]\u2019 khi ng\u00e0i t\u1ecf ra m\u00e3n nguy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n th\u00e1i qu\u00e1.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn55\">[55]<\/a>\u00a0C\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1\u2019 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tri t\u00fac ngang b\u1eb1ng nhau v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2019 khi ng\u00e0i t\u1ecf ra tri t\u00fac v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>34. Ng\u00e0i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i m\u1ea1ng (<em>sukhena bhar\u012byati),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean ng\u00e0i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i m\u1ea1ng (<em>subharo);<\/em>\u00a0ng\u00e0i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. V\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0, khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3cb\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1ee9c \u0103n, c\u01a1m, th\u1ecbt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i t\u1ecf ra b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t bu\u1ed3n th\u1ea3m \u1ee7 r\u0169 hay t\u1ecf v\u1ebb nghi ng\u1edd, n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 m\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng, \u2018 \u00d4i nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u01a1i cho ta th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3?\u2019 v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c sa di hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh xa, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u2018M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i m\u1ea1ng th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 n\u1eefa\u2019. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 khi ng\u00e0i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi v\u1ebb m\u1eb7t vui t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 tin c\u1ea9n, b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 hay h\u1ea3o h\u1ea1ng. \u00cdt hay nhi\u1ec1u. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i m\u1ea1ng, ng\u00e0i t\u1ecf ra tri t\u00fac ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho ng\u00e0i.\u2019 V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u00e0i. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2018d\u1ec5 nu\u00f4i\u2019.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>35. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1eadn b\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i th\u00ec \u00edt th\u00f4i (<em>appam kiccam assa), ch\u00ednh v\u00ec\u00a0<\/em>v\u1eady ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadn b\u1ecbu g\u00ec c\u1ea3 (<em>appakicco).\u00a0<\/em>Ng\u00e0i ch\u1eb3ng b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c khi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n t\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 ham l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, th\u00edch tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n, th\u00edch \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u00fam, v.v&#8230;hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 tu vi\u1ec7n, ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn56\">[56]<\/a>\u00a0cho c\u00e1c sa di. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m lo cho t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, v.v&#8230;v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eadn t\u00e2m\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn57\">[57]<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn sa m\u00f4n ph\u00e1p sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng t\u00f3c quy Ph\u1eadt, c\u1eaft m\u00f3ng tay, m\u00f3ng ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh b\u00e1t kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 y c\u00e0 sa.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn58\">[58]<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>36. C\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng (thanh \u0111\u1ea1m) ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t\u00a0<em>thanh \u0111\u1ea1m (sallahukavutti);<\/em>\u00a0ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y, khi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea3i di chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111eo \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea1c, v.v&#8230;n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u00e1t kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, y c\u00e0 sa, th\u1ea3m thi\u1ec1n, d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, v.v&#8230;;nh\u01b0ng khi ng\u00e0i di chuy\u1ec3n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u00fat \u00edt \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 mang theo t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed3 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, b\u00e1t kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c (ba) chi\u1ebfc y c\u00e0 sa, [dao c\u1ea1o r\u00e2u, kim ch\u1ec9, day l\u01b0ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mang theo nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, [<strong>242<\/strong>] ng\u00e0i ra \u0111i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con chim ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh bay m\u00e0 th\u00f4i (<em>D.<\/em>\u00a0i. 71) ch\u00ednh h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb \u2018nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, thanh \u0111\u1ea1m).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>37. Nh\u00e0 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n thanh t\u1ecbnh (<em>sant\u0101ni indriy\u0101ni assa),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t thanh th\u1ea3n c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u00a0<em>(santindriyo);\u00a0<\/em>c\u00e1c c\u0103n\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn59\">[59]<\/a>\u00a0c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb dao \u0111\u1ed9ng do tham d\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u01b0\u1edbc ao. [hay s\u00e2n h\u1eadn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111\u00f3] l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>38.\u00a0<em>Th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng (nipako)<\/em>: c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, th\u00f4ng minh, c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7; \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 gi\u1edbi, bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd y c\u00e0 sa v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa, [n\u01a1i th\u01b0\u1eddng lui t\u1edbi kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, v\u00e0 oai nghi (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o.Ch. iv, \u00a7\u00a7 35 tt\/tr. 127)]<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>39. Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c (<em>na pagabbha)<\/em>, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0<em>khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n(apagabbho);\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n n\u01a1i t\u00e1m c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n: h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea9u n\u01a1i b\u1ed1n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 \u00fd n\u01a1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c (xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>Nd<\/em>1. 228).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>40. \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n g\u1ed3m t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3\u2019ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng qua th\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 \u0103n, n\u01a1i bu\u1ed3ng t\u1eafm, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng, n\u01a1i ch\u1ed7 t\u1eafm t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. \u00dd mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y: \u2018 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ng\u1ed3i th\u01a1 th\u1ea9n [tay b\u00f3 g\u1ed1i] hay ch\u00e2n x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng; v.v&#8230;c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb; v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa ch\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9i [k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb g\u1ed3m b\u1ed1n h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang [c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u ni, c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam v\u00e0 c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 n\u1eef] c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong nh\u00e0 \u0103n kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao h\u1ea1, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng cho t\u00e2n th\u1ecd t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u (t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u m\u1edbi gia nh\u1eadp \u2013 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi tham gia t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u0103m h\u1ea1-) c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i.(xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vin. ii. 162tt. 274). C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1eady khi ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n n\u01a1i ph\u00f2ng t\u1eafm n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vin. i. 47, ii. 220). V\u00e0 ngay t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eafm. Kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y bu\u1ed3n b\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u2018kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u01b0u ti\u00ean \u2018cao h\u1ea1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u1ea1 sau\u2019 vi\u1ec7c t\u1eafm ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ai \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ebfn sau t\u1eafm sau. ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn sau [nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c] v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb cao h\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2n th\u1ecd t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00ecnh]. V\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao h\u1ea1, \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i v\u1ecb v\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac gia nh\u1eadp nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a th\u00ed ch\u1ee7, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao h\u1ea1 v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f9a gi\u1ee1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb trong nh\u00e0, v.v&#8230;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>41. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kh\u1ea9u l\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m trong b\u1ed1n v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau\u2019 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i thi\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1t ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng gi\u00e0. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u1ecb v\u1ecdng. V\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00ed ch\u1ee7. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: \u2018\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0\u2019 . V\u00e0 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean. [<strong>243<\/strong>] v\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho ng\u00e0i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edfng xem [trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi] v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau, \u2018n\u00e0y, (\u00f4ng n\u1ecd b\u00e0 kia) c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u00e0 qu\u00ed v\u1ecb ch\u0103ng?\u2019 trong nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u00e1o g\u1ea1o hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n ch\u0103ng? C\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u1ebd b\u1ed1 th\u00ed cho t\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec th\u1ebf? Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n th\u1ee9 g\u00ec ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay? Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd u\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o v\u1eady?<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>42. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018h\u1ed7n x\u01b0\u1ee3c trong \u00fd n\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 thi\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u1ea7m, [s\u00e2n t\u1ea7m. v\u00e0 h\u1ea1i t\u1ea7m. v.v&#8230;] trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1ecd. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sai ph\u1ea1m g\u00ec trong th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>43.\u00a0<em>Kh\u00f4ng xu n\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh (kulesu ananugiddho)<\/em>: b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 (gia t\u1ed9c) ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra xu n\u1ecbnh h\u1ecd (ng. \u0111en t\u1ecf ra c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi) ho\u1eb7c do th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay do c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p; \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecf ra s\u1ea7u n\u00e3o v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00eam n\u1ebfm v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng khi h\u1ecd vui v\u1ebb, v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 khi h\u1ecd g\u1eb7p kh\u1ed5 \u0111au. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tham gia v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c hay c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0o n\u1ea9y sinh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>44. V\u00e0 trong \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u2018ng\u00e0i n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2019 (<em>c\u2019assa),\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u2018ng\u00e0i n\u00ean t\u1ecf ra&#8230;nhu m\u00ec\u2019\u00a0<em>(suvaco c\u2019assa),\u00a0<\/em>ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y: \u2018 ng\u00e0i n\u00ean t\u1ecf ra tri t\u00fac, t\u1ecf ra nu\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. . .\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 3]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>45. Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u1ea9n s\u0129 trong r\u1eebng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc ao sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xoay s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa n\u01a1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 hay gi\u1ea3 ng\u00e0i \u0111ang tu luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3. gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Na ca khuddam sam\u0101care ki\u00f1ci,<br \/>\u00a0yena vi\u00f1\u00f1\u016b pare upavadeyyum<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh s\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf nhen, v\u1ee5n v\u1eb7t<br \/>Khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 tr\u00ed<br \/>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Do \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>46. \u00dd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 sau: c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn (<em>khudda) n\u01a1i th\u00e2n t\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh, kh\u1ea9u t\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018x\u1ea5u\u2019, v\u00e0 khi t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean l\u00e0m th\u00ec ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn (<em>na ca khuddam sam\u0101care)<\/em>\u00a0trong \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea7m ph\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa (<em>ki\u00f1ci);\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. V\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i cho th\u1ea5y \u0111u\u1ee3c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ngay trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 [b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i]\u00a0<em>\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n. (yena vin\u00f1\u016b pare upavadeyyum);\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y kh\u00f4n ngoan l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n, hay \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch hay \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch \u00edt hay nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00ec sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i ra l\u1eddi ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch [<strong>244<\/strong>] v\u00e0 khen ng\u1ee3i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khen ng\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i ra r\u1eb1ng\u2018nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n ngoan kh\u00e1c.\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[Ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 3]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>47. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau. V\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u1ea9n s\u0129 tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec trong r\u1eebng, l\u1ea1i \u01b0\u1edbc ao sau khi \u0111\u00e3 xoay s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u00f3 hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang tu luy\u1ec7n ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3. &#8211; d\u01b0\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u2018\u1ea9n s\u0129 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh\u2019 l\u1ea1i g\u1ed9p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa trong \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh (\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i thi\u1ec1n) \u2013 v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Sukkhino v\u0101 khemino hontu,<br \/>[sabbe satt\u0101 bhavantu sukhitatt\u0101]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Mong m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sanh<br \/>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c, an \u1ed5n<br \/>Mong ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br \/>H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 an l\u1ea1c<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u1ed7i lo s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>48. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn60\">[60]<\/a>\u00a0<em>vui s\u01b0\u1edbng (sukhino:\u00a0<\/em>ngh\u0129a \u0111en \u2018 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u2019) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c.\u00a0<em>V\u00e0 an to\u00e0n (khemino)<\/em>: c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ch\u1eb3ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i g\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tai h\u1ecda.\u00a0<em>M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi (sabbe)<\/em>: ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec d\u01b0 s\u00f3t.\u00a0<em>Ch\u00fang sanh (satt\u0101):\u00a0<\/em>M\u1ecdi sanh v\u1eadt.\u00a0<em>T\u00e2m h\u1ed3n sung s\u01b0\u1edbng (sukkhitatt\u0101):<\/em>ngh\u0129a. \u0111en. \u2018C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i): v\u1edbi t\u00e2m s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i; v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m vui s\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00e0 v\u1edbi s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 t\u00e2m vui m\u1eebng\u2019 l\u00e0 v\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m. V\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y an to\u00e0n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 tai h\u1ecda. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u00e2p t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u01a1i c; v\u00ec t\u1eeb t\u00e2m ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang sanh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: \u2018C\u1ea7u mong m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vui s\u01b0\u1edbng\u2019 hay C\u1ea7u mong h\u1ebft th\u1ea9y h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an to\u00e0n\u2019 hay C\u1ea7u mong t\u00e2m h\u1ecd vui m\u1eebng\u2019 (xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>Ps.\u00a0<\/em>ii. 130 tt.)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 4 v\u00e0 5]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>49. Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u01a1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n an ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Ye keci p\u0101nabh\u016bt\u2019atthi tas\u0101 v\u0101 th\u0101var\u0101 v\u0101 anavases\u0101<br \/>D\u012bgh\u0101 v\u0101 ye mahant\u0101 v\u0101 majjhim\u0101 rassak\u0101 amukath\u016bl\u0101<br \/>Ditth\u0101 v\u0101 ye v\u0101 addhitth\u0101 ye ca d\u016bre vasanti avid\u016bre<br \/>Bh\u016bt\u0101 v\u0101 sambhaves\u012b v\u0101: sabbe satt\u0101 bhavantu sukkhitatt\u0101<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Mong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai<br \/>H\u1eefu t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng<br \/>K\u1ebb y\u1ebfu hay k\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf s\u00f3t m\u1ed9t ai<br \/>K\u1ebb d\u00e0i hay k\u1ebb l\u1edbn<br \/>Trung th\u1ea5p, lo\u00e0i l\u1edbn, nh\u1ecf.<br \/>Lo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y<br \/>Lo\u00e0i s\u1ed1ng xa, kh\u00f4ng xa<br \/>C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng<br \/>C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh<br \/>Mong m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sanh<br \/>S\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac an l\u1ea1c.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho th\u1ea5y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u00fd do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u2018B\u1ea5t K\u1ef3 ch\u00fang Sanh n\u00e0o\u2019 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn61\">[61]<\/a>\u00a0l\u00ean ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c t\u1eeb theo b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i hay b\u1ed9 ba b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u1eb7p \u2018m\u1ecfng d\u00f2n hay r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc\u2019 ng\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u2018B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o\u2019 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn62\">[62]<\/a>\u00a0tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i, b\u1ed9 ba, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i \u2018m\u1ecfng manh v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc\u2019 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec t\u00e2m [<strong>245<\/strong>] d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u2018B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o\u2019, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i tu\u1ee3ng nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ba b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u2018m\u1ecfng d\u00f2n v\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc\u2019, v\u00ec ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f2an to\u00e0n hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ng\u00e0i v\u1ea1ch ra b\u1ed1n t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1ecfng d\u00f2n\/ v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh \/ v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i xa \/ g\u1ea7n, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu\/ \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f2n \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. R\u1ed3i v\u1edbi s\u00e1u t\u1eeb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u2018d\u00e0i\u2019 ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 ra ba b\u1ed9 ba c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0, d\u00e0i\/ trung b\u00ecnh \/ v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn, c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn\/ c\u1ee1 trung\/ c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf. V\u00e0 c\u1ee1 d\u1ea7y\/ c\u1ee1 trung\/ v\u00e0 c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf. V\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb \u2018c\u1ee1 trung\u2019 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ea7m ch\u1ee9a n\u01a1i c\u1ea3 ba b\u1ed9 ba v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb \u2018c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf\u2019 c\u0169ng ng\u1ea7m ch\u1ee9a n\u01a1i hai t\u1eeb kia.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>50. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<em>B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 (ye keci)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh (<em>p\u0101na)<\/em>\u00a0c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sanh linh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i (<em>bh\u016bta),\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh sanh linh (<em>p\u0101nabhut\u0101);\u00a0<\/em>hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 h\u01a1i th\u1edf (<em>p\u0101nanti)<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn63\">[63]<\/a><em>\u00a0ch\u00ednh<\/em>\u00a0v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sanh v\u1eadt (<em>p\u0101na).\u00a0<\/em>Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c t\u1eeb n\u00e0y ng\u00e0i g\u1ed9p c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i u\u1ea9n (hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu)\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn64\">[64]<\/a>\u00a0nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0 h\u00edt v\u00e0o.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn65\">[65]<\/a>\u00a0V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sanh linh (<em>bh\u016bt\u0101:\u00a0<\/em>qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>bhavati)\u00a0<\/em>nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i g\u1ed9p c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh m\u1ed9t u\u1ea9n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n u\u1ea9n h\u1eefu.\u00a0<em>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3: atthi= santi (<\/em>m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c); ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>51. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb<em>\u00a0b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i,\u00a0<\/em>t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i, b\u1ed9 ba [nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean], gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng [sanh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y] b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0,<em>\u00a0ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o cho d\u00f9 m\u1ecfng d\u00f2n hay r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eb3ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec (tas\u0101 v\u0101 thavar\u0101 v\u0101 anavases\u0101).\u00a0<\/em>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang kh\u00e1t, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh\u00a0<em>m\u1ecfng d\u00f2n (tas\u0101);<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn66\">[66]<\/a>\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1t \u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean ch\u00fang mang \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh\u00a0<em>r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc (th\u0101var\u0101);\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf tham \u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sanh v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang\u00a0<em>kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 (anacasev\u0101);\u00a0<\/em>h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i c\u1eb7p \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i hay b\u1ed9 ba nh\u01b0 sau: \u2018Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sanh v\u1eadt n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh m\u1ecfng d\u00f2n hay r\u1eafn ch\u1eafc, C\u1ea7u mong m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y vui s\u01b0\u1edbng trong t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i \u2018[nh\u1eefng sanh v\u1eadt] \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 s\u1eafp s\u1eeda xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. C\u1ea7u mong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 [c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u00f3] \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y vui s\u01b0\u1edbng trong t\u00e2m\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>52. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00e1u t\u1eeb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u2018c\u1ee1 d\u00e0i\u2019 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho [ba] b\u1ed9 ba b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 sau, \u2018c\u1ee1 d\u00e0i\/c\u1ee1 trung\/c\u1ee1 ng\u1eafn:\u00a0<em>C\u1ee1 d\u00e0i(d\u012bgh\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i c\u00e1c [sanh v\u1eadt] c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh (selfhood) d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c M\u00e3ng x\u00e0 (Nagas) c\u00e1, th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n, v.v&#8230;; v\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i M\u00e3ng X\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh d\u00e0i t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m s\u1ea3i, c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 v\u00e0 th\u1eb1n l\u1eb1n [v\u1edbi th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh] d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eb7m (leagues).\u00a0<em>C\u1ee1 to (mahant\u0101):\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh to l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i r\u00f9a, v.v&#8230;l\u1ed9i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, [<strong>246<\/strong>] nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i voi, M\u00e3ng x\u00e0 tr\u00ean b\u1edd, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c A tu la\u00a0<em>Danava<\/em>\u00a0thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng phi nh\u00e2n. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u2018<em>R\u0101hu\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i y\u00eau qu\u00e1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh\u2019to l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (A. ii. 17); v\u00ec th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i [y\u00eau qu\u00e1i thi\u00ean th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y] cao l\u1edbn t\u1edbi c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n t\u00e1m tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m. Hai c\u00e1nh tay c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 to \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n hai tr\u0103m d\u1eadm. L\u00f4ng m\u00e0y c\u1ee7a [Y\u00eau qu\u00e1i] d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i d\u1eb7m, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay v\u00e0 ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a [y\u00eau qu\u00e1i] r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng hai tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m.\u00a0<em>C\u1ee1 trung (majjhim\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>ta ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u1ef1a, lo\u00e0i b\u00f2, tr\u00e2u, l\u1ee3n (heo), v.v&#8230;\u00a0<em>C\u1ee1 ng\u1eafn (rassak\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, lo\u1ea1i kia c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 \u0111o [b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng] ng\u1eafn so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u1ee1 trung b\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fa l\u00f9n ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, v.v&#8230;<em>C\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf (anuk\u0101)<\/em>\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea7m nh\u1eafm c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v.v&#8230; v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c vi t\u1ebf; hay thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, v.v&#8230; ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u1ee1 trung ho\u1eb7c k\u00e9m h\u01a1n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee1 d\u1ea7y ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee1 d\u1ea7y trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i [c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i] c\u1ee1 nh\u1ecf. [Lo\u1ea1i] c\u1ee1 d\u1ea7y (<em>th\u016bl\u0101) l<\/em>\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f3 th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1, r\u00f9a, \u1ed1c, h\u1ebfn, trai, v.v&#8230;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>53. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 cho th\u1ea5y to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ba v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ed9p ch\u00fang v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ba [c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i] b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u2018ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh.\u2019 \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y,\u00a0<em>nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh (d\u012btth\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 [ch\u00fang sanh] n\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn con m\u1eaft ta.\u00a0<em>C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh (ad\u012btth\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u00ean n\u00fai, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ta b\u00e0 n\u00e0y, v.v&#8230; V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f4i \u2018 cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u1edf xa hay g\u1ea7n\u2019 ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 ra cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu \u1edf xa hay g\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi [th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta], [nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh] n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 ba ch\u00e2n.; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu b\u00ean trong th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i\u00a0<em>\u1edf g\u1ea7n (avid\u016bre, trong\u00a0<\/em>khi \u0111\u00f3 [nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh] \u1edf b\u00ean ng\u00e0i [th\u00e2n x\u00e1c ch\u00fang ta] l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 xa (<em>d\u016bre<\/em>). C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu b\u00ean trong b\u1ed1n b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0103n nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0\u00a0<em>g\u1ea7n,\u00a0<\/em>trong khi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1n b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u00e0\u00a0<em>\u1edf xa.<\/em>[c\u00f2n n\u1eefa,] nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu b\u00ean trong n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta, trong l\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ta, qu\u1ed1c gia, \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c, hay trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ta b\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u00e0\u00a0<em>\u1edf g\u1ea7n.\u00a0<\/em>Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i [nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1eeba li\u1ec7t k\u00ea \u1edf tr\u00ean&#8230;.] th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ta b\u00e0 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0\u00a0<em>\u1edf xa. Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (bh\u016bt\u0101):\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra; ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u2019 v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 gi\u0169 s\u1ea1ch m\u1ecdi l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c; c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n.)\u00a0<em>Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang v\u1eabn t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n: sambhavesino= sambhavam esanti (thay t<\/em>h\u1ebf hai \u00e2m ng\u1eafn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p<em>);<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn67\">[67]<\/a>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn \u0111ang c\u00f2n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n (<em>sambhavam esant\u0101nam)<\/em>\u00a0trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai [<strong>247<\/strong>] v\u00ec h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebft s\u1eed [hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu] v\u1eady. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u1ec7t k\u00ea trong b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch sanh ra trong b\u1ee5ng m\u1eb9. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>td. M.\u00a0<\/em>i. 73) nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o sanh ra b\u1eb1ng no\u00e3n sanh hay sanh ra t\u1eeb thai sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng [ch\u00fang sanh] v\u1eabn \u0111ang c\u00f2n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm cho m\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i bao l\u00e2u v\u1ecf tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng thai ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec3 ra. Nh\u01b0ng khi v\u1ecf tr\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng thai \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ec3 ra th\u00ec ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p sanh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o ho\u00e1 sanh v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 [ch\u00fang sanh] \u0111ang ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, ngay trong s\u00e1t na \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00e2m xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu ngay v\u00e0o s\u00e1t na nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 hai h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Hay ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng [ch\u00fang sanh \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu] bao l\u00e2u ch\u00fang ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ngay sau tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ta g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang [nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0y] \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 6]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>54. V\u1edbi hai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 r\u01b0\u1ee1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u2018vui s\u01b0\u1edbng \u2019\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1ch tu ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u01a1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i d\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Na paro param nikubbetha,<br \/>\u00a0[n\u0101tima\u00f1\u00f1etha katthaci nam ka\u00f1ci,<br \/>Vy\u0101rosan\u0101 patighas\u0101\u00f1\u00f1\u0101<br \/>\u00a0n\u0101\u00f1\u00f1ama\u00f1\u00f1assa dukkham iccheyya]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Mong r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai<br \/>L\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1t, l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i ai<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai khinh m\u1ea1n<br \/>T\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn nhau<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<br \/>L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mong mu\u1ed1n<br \/>L\u00e0m \u0111au kh\u1ed5 cho nhau<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 cho ch\u00fang sanh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o; nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch l\u00e0\u00a0<em>param hi\u00a0<\/em>[thay v\u00ec Param ni-] l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>55. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y,\u00a0<em>m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi (paro-<\/em>ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch, gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c, s\u1ed1 \u00edt) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (<em>parajno),\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0\u00a0<em>m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (param \u2013\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1ch, gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c, s\u1ed1 \u00edt.) l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c. (<em>parajanam). Xin \u0111\u1eebng&#8230;.ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 (na nikubbettha)<\/em>: C\u1ea7u mong ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i.\u00a0<em>c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng xem nh\u1eb9 (n\u0101tima\u00f1\u00f1etha):<\/em>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c c\u0169ng xin \u0111\u1eebng (na) \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 do b\u1ecb khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c\u00a0<em>(atikkamitv\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>l\u1ea1i khoe khoang (<em>ma\u00f1\u00f1eyya). B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u (katthaci)<\/em>: \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o. \u1ede ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, trong l\u00e0ng, ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, hay gi\u1eefa c\u00f4ng h\u1ed9i. v.v&#8230;\u00a0<em>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y (nam)<\/em>: t\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 (etam).\u00a0<em>V\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 (ka\u00f1ci): b<\/em>\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t ai cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebf l\u1ef5 hay b\u00e0 la m\u00f4n hay ch\u1ee7 gia nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c sa m\u00f4n, cho d\u00f9 thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp phong l\u01b0u hay ngh\u00e8o t\u00fang. v.v&#8230;<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>56.\u00a0<em>B\u1eb1ng khi\u00eau kh\u00edch hay v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i (vy\u0101san\u0101\u00f1\u00f1\u0101):\u00a0<\/em>v\u1edbi khi\u00eau kh\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e2n hay kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng thay trong t\u00e2m; v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i\u00a0<em>Vy\u0101rosan\u0101 patighasa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101 (<\/em>t\u1eeb r\u00fat g\u1ecdn, \u1edf c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5)<em>\u00a0thay v\u00ec b\u00ecnh th<\/em>\u01b0\u1eddng ta n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Vy\u0101rosany\u0101 patighasa\u00f1\u00f1ya [<\/em>gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 \u00edt hay t\u1eeb r\u00fat g\u1ecdn \u1edf c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5) gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e2u<em>\u00a0sammada\u00f1\u00f1\u0101 vimuccati.(c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u00f4ng qua ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed: A.<\/em>\u00a0iv. 362) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho d\u00f9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean n\u00f3i\u00a0<em>anupukkasikkh\u0101 anupubbakiriy\u0101 anupubbapatipad\u0101 (<\/em>\u2018th\u00f4ng qua tu luy\u1ec7n tinh ti\u1ebfn, th\u00f4ng qua lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp tinh ti\u1ebfn\u2019: xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>M.<\/em>\u00a0i. 479. iii. 1) nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra tuy nhi\u00ean b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean n\u00f3i\u00a0<em>anupubbasikkh\u0101ya anupubbakiriy\u0101ya anupubbapatipad\u0101ya<\/em>).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>57.\u00a0<em>C\u1ea7u mong h\u1ecd ch\u1eb3ng n\u00ean mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c: n\u0101\u00f1\u00f1ama\u00f1\u00f1assa dukkham iccheyy = a\u00f1\u00f1ama\u00f1\u00f1assa dukkham [<\/em><strong>248<\/strong>]\u00a0<em>na iccheyya (c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c)<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t<em>i<\/em>\u1ebfn n\u01a1i ch\u00fang sanh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eadp t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u2018vui t\u01b0\u01a1i sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n), v.v&#8230; nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n n\u00ean tu ti\u1ebfn n\u01a1i ch\u00fang sanh theo ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau: \u2018\u00d4i C\u1ea7u mong \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb n\u00e0o ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, v.v&#8230;hay h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u b\u1eb1ng ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n (<em>m\u0101navatthu)\u00a0<\/em>bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, v.v&#8230;.(xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>M.\u00a0<\/em>iii. 37), v\u00e0 C\u1ea7u mong \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 ai mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c cho k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng khi\u00eau kh\u00edch v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u00e1c \u00fd.\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 7]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>58. Sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch tu ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u01a1i ch\u00fang sanh, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a vi\u1ec7c \u01b0\u1edbc ao kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i th\u00eam<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>M\u0101t\u0101 yath\u0101 [niyam puttam \u0101yus\u0101 ekaputtam anurakkhe.<br \/>Evam pi sabbabh\u016btesu m\u0101nasam bh\u0101vaye aparim\u0101nam]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9<br \/>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<br \/>Tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi lo che ch\u1edf<br \/>Con \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t m\u00ecnh sanh.<br \/>C\u0169ng v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<br \/>C\u00e1c h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ch\u00fang sanh<br \/>H\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m \u00fd<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>59. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau: gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 (<em>yath\u0101 m\u0101ta) \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn (anurakkhe) ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh (niyam Puttam),\u00a0<\/em>ng\u01b0\u1eddi con n\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 cho b\u00fa m\u1edbn t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi sanh, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 con trai duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ta (<em>ekaputtam),\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hy sinh ch\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111au kh\u1ed5 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi con.\u00a0<em>Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf (evam pi) ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu ti\u1ebfn (bh\u0101vaye),\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1ea1o ra, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m (<em>m\u0101nas\u0101m) cho h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh (sabbabh\u016btesu),\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (<em>aparim\u0101nam)<\/em>nh\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0 s\u00f3t, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 lan t\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 8]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>60. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch tu ti\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u01a1i ch\u00fang sanh d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Metta\u00f1 ca sabbalikasmim.[m\u0101nasam bh\u0101vaye aparim\u0101nam. Uddham adho ca tiriya\u00f1 ca asamb\u0101dham averam asapattam.]<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>H\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<br \/>Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<br \/>H\u00e3y tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m \u00fd<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn<br \/>Ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi<br \/>C\u0169ng v\u1eady c\u1ea3 b\u1ec1 ngang<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng h\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>61. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0i v\u1ed7 b\u00e9 (<em>mejjati)<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn68\">[68]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c (<em>t\u0101yati), nh<\/em>\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu. (<em>mitta);\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u0103m lo \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ch\u00fang sanh ng\u00e0i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n (<em>siniyhati)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda s\u1ebd \u1eadp t\u1edbi. Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n (<em>mittassa bh\u0101vo) l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb (mett\u0101 = t\u1eeb t\u00e2m). D\u00e0nh cho m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh.(sabba-):\u00a0<\/em>m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.\u00a0<em>Th\u1ebf gian (lokasmim.):l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh, t\u1eeb t\u00e2m m\u0101nasam\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f3 trong t\u00e2m (<em>manasi bhavam);\u00a0<\/em>v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i ra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m.\u00a0<em>Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu ti\u1ebfn (bh\u0101vaye):\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (v\u00f4 b\u1edd b\u1ebfn). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (<em>aparim\u0101nam);\u00a0<\/em>\u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bao g\u1ed3m v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n gian n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>62.\u00a0<em>\u1ede tr\u00ean (uddham): v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u00ean\u00a0<\/em>ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<em>V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi,\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.\u00a0<em>Xung quanh (tiriyam):\u00a0<\/em>\u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa; ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u00f3\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn69\">[69]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i (asambh\u0101dham): th<\/em>i\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1, v\u1edbi r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1. L\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o.Ch. ix. \u00a7\u00a740tt\/tr. 307) k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn; \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i.\u00a0<em>Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra oan tr\u00e1i (averam):<\/em>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng th\u00f9 o\u00e1n; [<strong>249<\/strong>] \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0. kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 ra, ngay c\u1ea3 l\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u g\u00ec do th\u00f9 h\u1eadn kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. Hay k\u1ebb th\u00f9 (<em>asapattam):<\/em>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb th\u00f9; v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m th\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c phi nh\u00e2n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 g\u00ec c\u1ea3; ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb th\u00f9\u2019 v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng oan tr\u00e1i. v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb n\u00e0y, \u2018k\u1ebb th\u00f9\u2019 hay \u2018\u0111\u1ecbch th\u1ee7\u2019 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u1ea9n d\u1ee5.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn70\">[70]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i t\u1eebng ch\u1eef m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>63. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a.\u00a0<em>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n tu ti\u1ebfn (bh\u0101vaye \u2013 \u2018c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i ch\u00fang sanh.),\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam, \u0111em l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u0103ng tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u00ean m\u00e3n.\u00a0<em>V\u00f4 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n (aparim\u0101nam) tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u00f5i th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y. (sabbalokasmim) t\u00e2m (m\u0101nasam) t\u1eeb (mettam)\u00a0<\/em>c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. \u2018Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady&#8230;. ng\u00e0i n\u00ean tu ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i bao tr\u00f9m m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh. (\u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 7) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?\u00a0<em>Tr\u00ean h\u1ebft (uddham) \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi(adho) v\u00e0 t\u1ee9 ph\u00eda (tiriyam.) b\u1eb1ng\u00a0<\/em>c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u01a1i n\u00e0o n\u1eefa cho t\u1edbi h\u1eefu th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i cao. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f5i phi tu\u1edfng v\u00e0 phi phi tu\u1edfng) xu\u1ed1ng cho t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. (t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 kh\u1eafp xung quanh n\u01a1i m\u1ecdi ph\u00eda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 lan to\u1ea3 kh\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0o.] C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00ean, c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00e0 bao ph\u1ee7 chung quanh \u1edf gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 khi tu ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u01a1i ch\u00fang sanh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 oan tr\u00e1i n\u00e0o, hay th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u oan tr\u00e1i ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0o (<em>asamb\u0101dham averam asapattam)\u00a0<\/em>ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu ti\u1ebfn, t\u0103ng th\u00eam tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u00f5i th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean. \u1ede d\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00e0 t\u1ee9 ph\u00eda xung quanh b\u1ec1 ngang. T\u1eeb t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 lu\u1ee3ng trong vi\u1ec7c tu ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oan tr\u00e1i, v\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0o ph\u00e1 r\u1ed1i, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[Ba d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 9]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>64. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c tu ti\u1ebfn t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u01a1i ch\u00fang sanh, ng\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Tittham caram nisinno v\u0101 say\u0101no<br \/>\u00a0v\u0101 y\u0101vat\u2019assa vigatamiddho.<br \/>\u00a0Etam satim adhi\u1e6d\u1e6dheyya.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Khi \u0111\u1ee9ng hay khi ng\u1ed3i<br \/>Khi ng\u1ed3i hay khi n\u1eb1m<br \/>L\u00e2u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o<br \/>Khi \u0111ang c\u00f2n t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<br \/>H\u00e3y an tr\u00fa ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n oai nghi (\u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai v\u1eabn d\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tu ti\u1ebfn oai nghi \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>65.\u00dd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0, \u0111ang khi ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n \u0111ang tu ti\u1ebfn trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u2018t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3\u2019 [<strong>250<\/strong>] thay v\u00ec \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 oai nghi n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra trong \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u2018 ng\u00e0i ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng, hai ch\u00e2n b\u1eaft ch\u00e9o v\u00e0o nhau, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n v\u1eabn trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ngay th\u1eb3ng.\u2019 (<em>D.<\/em>i 71) thay v\u00ec \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 oai nghi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Theo nh\u01b0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n nghi n\u01a1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t oai nghi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o [\u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd x\u1ea9y ra trong khi duy tr\u00ec oai nghi \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i], ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng (<em>tittham) \u0111ang \u0111i (caram) hay k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i n\u1eefa (ninno v\u0101) ho\u1eb7c \u0111ang name (say\u0101no v\u0101) trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t (y\u0101vat\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0th\u00ec ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb thu\u1ef5 mi\u00ean.(<em>vigatamiddho).\u00a0<\/em>Th\u1ebf n\u00ean ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i (<em>adhittheyya \u2013\u00a0<\/em>quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn) thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m (<em>satim)\u00a0<\/em>v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m\u00a0<em>n\u00e0y (etam).<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>66. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c gia t\u0103ng tu ti\u1ebfn l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m [trong \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3] gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ta n\u00f3i \u2018ng\u00e0i \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i, \u0111ang \u0111i\u2019 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 n\u00e0y, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 th\u00ec \u01b0\u1edbc ao theo \u0111u\u1ed5i (hay quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn) thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m cho d\u00f9 ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111ang trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng hay \u0111i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>67. N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng, v.v&#8230; kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n g\u00ec ng\u00e0i; nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n, cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng hay \u0111ang \u0111i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 (n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng, v.v&#8230; kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n g\u00ec ng\u00e0i; nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n, cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng hay \u0111ang \u0111i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3\u00a0<em>(y\u0101vat\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>ng\u00e0i \u01b0\u1edbc ao theo \u0111u\u1ed5i hay quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb t\u00e2m nh\u1edd oai nghi trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t ng\u00e0i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng hay \u0111ang \u0111i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>68. \u00dd \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 sau: ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau \u0111\u00e2y \u2018v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2019 ch\u00ednh (1) l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i (assa) \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i hay (quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn) thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u00e0y (satim)] th\u00f4ng qua d\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3. [ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y] \u0111ang khi ng\u00e0i \u0111ang b\u1eadn b\u1ecbu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9ng, v.v&#8230; ; ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3, (2) trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 (thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u00e0y (satim)] th\u00f4ng qua oai nghi \u0111\u00f3. [ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y] \u0111ang khi ng\u00e0i \u0111ang b\u1eadn b\u1ecbu th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n oai nghi \u0111\u1ee9ng, v.v&#8230;; ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3, (2) trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 (<em>y\u0101vat\u0101)<\/em>\u00a0ng\u00e0i ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n h\u00e0 g\u00ec cho d\u00f9 ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng, v.v&#8230; ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 (assa) \u01b0\u1edbc ao theo \u0111u\u1ed5i hay (quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn) nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u00e0y bao l\u00e2u (<em>t\u0101vat\u0101)\u00a0<\/em>ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>69. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 vi\u1ec7c an tr\u00fa n\u01a1i l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u2018ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf;\u2019ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 cho th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c tu ti\u1ebfn ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Brahmam etam.<br \/>Vih\u0101ram idham\u0101hu.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>N\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<br \/>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn<br \/>L\u00e0 n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng cao thu\u1ee3ng<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>70. \u00dd ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa n\u00e0y n\u01a1i l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 theo c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 sau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u2018h\u00e3y vui s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n\u2019 xu\u1ed1ng cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u2018 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0\u00a0<em>\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y (etam) &#8211;\u00a0<\/em>v\u00ec trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean tr\u00fa v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m tr\u00fa, nh\u1eefng th\u00e1nh tr\u00fa, th\u00ec n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa n\u01a1i (b\u1ed1n) oai nghi\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn71\">[71]<\/a>\u00a0l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0,\u00a0<em>h\u1ecd cho l\u00e0 (\u0101hu)\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y (idha) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 trong ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m tr\u00fa (Br\u00e2hman viharam).\u00a0<\/em>[<strong>251<\/strong>] h\u1ecd n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebb n\u00e0o theo \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng, hay \u0111ang \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i n\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3 \u0111ang n\u1eb1m m\u1ed9t l\u00e1t th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb thu\u1ef5 mi\u00ean l\u1ea5n \u00e1t \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[\u0110o\u1ea1n K\u1ec7 10]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>71. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u th\u1ea5y tu ti\u1ebfn ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb t\u00e2m b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 v\u00ec ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang sanh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac Kinh v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Ditthi\u00f1 ca anupagamma<br \/>[s\u012blav\u0101 dassanena sampananno]<br \/>K\u0101mesu vineyya gedham na hi j\u0101tu<br \/>gabbaseyyam punareti<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Ai t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<br \/>Gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn<br \/>Nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham \u00e1i<br \/>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<br \/>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh<br \/>\u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn thai t\u1ea1ng n\u1eefa<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Ng\u00e0i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111i tr\u1ec7ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m (xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>M.\u00a0<\/em>8) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m t\u1eeb t\u00e2m l\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>72. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y. Sau khi xu\u1ea5t ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa thi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb t\u00e2m. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau, \u2018 \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ph\u1ea1m tr\u00fa, h\u1ecd n\u00f3i, [ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn r\u00f5] nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 [n\u01a1i thi\u1ec1n bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9 v\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn72\">[72]<\/a>\u00a0[Ng\u00e0i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u2018danh\u2019] r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp theo sau c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, v.v&#8230;v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chi thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u2018danh\u2019], ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u2018s\u1eafc\u2019 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc n\u00e0y,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn73\">[73]<\/a>\u00a0v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn (<em>ditthinca anupagamma<\/em>) [t\u1eeb b\u1ecf t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 do nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5] b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 sau: to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y (S.i.135) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh (<em>s\u012blav\u0101<\/em>) lo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn74\">[74]<\/a>\u00a0v\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n (<em>sampanno<\/em>) trong ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1 l\u01b0u, \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tri ki\u1ebfn (<em>dassena<\/em>) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tham d\u1ee5c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 trong t\u00e2m v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f2n d\u01b0 s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb n\u01a1i v\u1eadt d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o d\u1ee5c (<em>kamesu<\/em>) nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (xem nd 1-1), \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb (<em>vineyya<\/em>),\u00a0<em>vineyya<\/em>\u00a0&#8211; ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 sau khi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n,\u00a0<em>vinayitv\u0101<\/em>\u00a0(thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 [nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3] v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb [nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3] kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u01b0 s\u00f3t (xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 M.i.34), nh\u1edd [v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc] \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t lai v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t lai, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y s\u1ebd ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng m\u1eb9 n\u00e0o n\u1eefa, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1i sanh n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng c\u00f5i T\u1ecbnh c\u01b0, nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i m\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb A La h\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t N\u00edp b\u00e0n\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn75\">[75]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong><em>[K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn]<\/em><\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>73. Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac Kinh nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u2018h\u1ee1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u, h\u00e3y ra \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0 tr\u00fa n\u01a1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3. C\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1eafng nghe ph\u00e1p. H\u00e3y n\u1ed5i chi\u00eang l\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng b\u00e0i kinh t\u1eeb t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i h\u00e3y thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u00e3y c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn ban ph\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00e3y vun tr\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, [<strong>252<\/strong>] h\u00e3y tu ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i thay v\u00ec cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp. Nh\u1eefng phi nh\u00e2n qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u00fac ph\u00fac cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n cho qu\u00ed v\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>74. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, v\u00e0 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 k\u00ednh l\u1ec5 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9ng sang ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i. [h\u1ecd l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng] tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eb7n d\u00f2. [Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi suy ngh\u0129] c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o s\u1ebd ch\u00fac ph\u00fac l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n cho ch\u00fang ta.\u2019 C\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean c\u0169ng tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 vui m\u1eebng. V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111i kh\u1ecfi n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa. S\u1eeda so\u1ea1n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3ng, lau r\u1eeda l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n cho h\u1ecd v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho h\u1ecd, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 tu ti\u1ebfn thi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 theo c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 ba \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh chung v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3,] cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i cao, trong c\u00f9ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nghi l\u1ec5 t\u1ef1 t\u1ee9 trong thanh t\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn76\">[76]<\/a><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>75.\u00a0<em>Khi nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch<br \/>C\u0169ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p<br \/>Nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y<br \/>V\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c<br \/>R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c<br \/>L\u00f2ng an t\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<br \/>V\u00ec v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4n th\u00edch l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i<br \/>Tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1n an t\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t t\u1eed.<br \/>\u0110i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n y\u00eau m\u1ebfn,<br \/>L\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lo toan ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<br \/>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111u\u1ee3c r\u1ed3i h\u00e3y nh\u1edb li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<br \/>\u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean tr\u00ec n\u1ed5 l\u1ef1c<br \/>L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh<br \/>Nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>B\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i Kinh t\u1eeb t\u00e2m trong t\u1eadp Minh Ch\u1ee9ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eadp ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>-ooOoo-<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong>L\u1edcI B\u1ea0T<\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>Con xin k\u00ednh l\u1ec5 Tam B\u1ea3o tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<br \/>L\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00ednh l\u1ec5.<br \/>R\u1ed3i con th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f4i ba d\u00f2ng ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<br \/>V\u1ec1 t\u1eadp Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_edn77\">[77]<\/a><em>\u00a0\u0111\u1ea7y cao si\u00eau (ch.i, 2)<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i trong t\u1eadp ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau, Tam Quy, m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc, Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i Hai Th\u1ec3, Nam t\u1eed H\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ea1o, Kinh \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh, Kinh Ch\u00e2u B\u00e1u. Kinh Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng, Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng v\u00e0 Kinh T\u1eeb T\u00e2m.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng kh\u1ea9u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>[<strong>253<\/strong>]\u00a0<em>C\u1ea7u mong m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f4i l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,<br \/>l\u00f2ng mong mu\u1ed1n c\u01b0 tr\u00fa l\u00e2u d\u00e0i n\u01a1i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<br \/>\u0111ang khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t t\u1eadp di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i<br \/>t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng, c\u1ea7u mong<br \/>ch\u00fat \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i<br \/>n\u01a1i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sanh<br \/>\u0111i\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7y c\u00f4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<br \/>c\u1ea7u mong h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ea5n t\u1edbi,<br \/>ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u00ean m\u00e3n.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>*<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<h3><strong>T\u00c1I B\u00daT<\/strong><\/h3>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>T\u1eadp ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Ti\u1ec3u b\u1ed9 Kinh do v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c tin thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tinh t\u1ea5n hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3, n\u01a1i t\u1eadp ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y qui t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c, tao nh\u00e3 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa nh\u1eb1m tu luy\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd m\u1ecdi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh tinh x\u1ea3o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp trong Tam t\u1ea1ng c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00fa b\u1ea9m cho gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o do c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m vinh d\u1ef1 trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafp l\u00ean \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i chang n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng si\u00eau nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t thu\u1ed9c s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1eafng tr\u00ed, nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, Ng\u00e0i mang t\u00ean Buddhaghosa l\u00e0 t\u00ean ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ban cho ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><em>C\u1ea7u mong \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed1i<br \/>Nh\u1eb1m c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch kh\u00e1c<br \/>Cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gia t\u1ed9c \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<br \/>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n th\u1ebf gian.<br \/>V\u00ec bao l\u00e2u c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n gian<br \/>H\u1ed3ng danh \u0110\u1ee9c To\u00e0n Gi\u00e1c v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i mu\u00f4n th\u1eeda<br \/>Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 mu\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh<br \/>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5ng M\u00e2u Ni v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t,<br \/>C\u0169ng cai tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>B\u00e0i Ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Ti\u1ec3u T\u1ee5ng trong t\u1eadp kinh minh ch\u1ee9ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, t\u1ee9c t\u1eadp ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i Ti\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac.\/.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><strong>&#8211; H\u1ebeT &#8211;<\/strong><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:separator --><hr class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/><!-- \/wp:separator --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref1\">[1]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u01b0\u01a1ng iv. note 1<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref2\">[2]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Sunkagh\u0101taka \u2013\u00a0<\/em>k\u1ebb tr\u1ed1n thu\u1ebf (l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t thu\u1ebf h\u1ea3i quan) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi trong T\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali-Anh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref3\">[3]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. ch. vii, \u00a7\u00a7 37 tt.\/tr. 204 tt.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref4\">[4]<\/a>\u00a0Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1t n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u2018Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi\u201d (= n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n 3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng\u00a0<em>k\u0101mesu micch\u0101c\u0101r\u0101 veramani sikkh\u0101padam sam\u0101diy\u0101mi. \u201c\u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xa t\u00e0 d\u00e2m.)\u00a0<\/em>r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc. (= l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong ch\u00edn lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n 7 v\u00e0 8 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t.. \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e0 d\u00e2m.\u2019 xin \u0111\u1ecdc e.g. M. i. 287.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref5\">[5]<\/a>\u00a0M\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i b\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018t\u1ed1c l\u1ef1c t\u00e2m\u2019 (<em>javana-citta)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 g\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i trong nghi\u1ec7p (<em>kamma) \u2013\u00a0<\/em>\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed &#8211; v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng trong Vis. \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. V\u00e0 k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref6\">[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u2018<em>Cayitabba \u2013\u00a0<\/em>n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u00ean c\u1ed1\u2019 ;\u00a0<em>cayati\u00a0<\/em>kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali-Anh nh\u01b0ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tra kh\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>apacayati v\u00e0 cinati (<\/em>c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>cetiya<\/em>)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref7\">[7]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Upajjetabba \u2013 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y\u2019 (upa+ajjati):<\/em>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi trong t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3m Pali-Anh r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1i ch\u1eef v\u1edbi t\u1eeb<em>\u00a0uppajjati (ud+pajjati)\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u2018n\u1ed5i l\u00ean\u2019<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref8\">[8]<\/a>\u00a0Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng\u00a0<em>pah\u0101ya gaman\u012byesu etam \u0101d\u0101ya gacchati l<\/em>\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c<em>.\u00a0<\/em>\u1ede ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>gaman\u012byesu\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a chung chung. Trong ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i th\u1ee9 hai t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf \u0111i.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref9\">[9]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Samvanna\u00a0<\/em>\u2013 chi ti\u1ebft h\u00f3a\u2019: kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi trong t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3m Pali-Anh.; xin \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref10\">[10]<\/a>\u00a0V\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i chim Ca l\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng gi\u00e0 (<em>karavika<\/em>) xin \u0111\u1ecdc trong Vis. tr. 112 v\u00e0\u00a0<em>MA.\u00a0<\/em>iii 382 tt,.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref11\">[11]<\/a>\u00a0V\u1ec1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n vua\u00a0<em>Mandh\u0101tu<\/em>\u00a0ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi c\u00f2n \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfp nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 chia s\u1ebb ngai v\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 sakka, thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n linh. Xem MA.i 225-6. hai \u00e2m ti\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 12 ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 piyam (y\u00eau m\u1ebfn) ho\u1eb7c pi yam (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec) ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t sukham \u2013 an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref12\">[12]<\/a>\u00a0<em>\u01a0 \u0111\u00e2y (45) sampatti- t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u0103n pad (r\u01a1i, \u0111i, theo \u0111u\u1ed5i) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u0103n \u0101p (\u0111\u1ebfn) nh\u01b0 trong t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali Anh, nh\u01b0ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a sampad\u0101 (t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng) \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi (48) th\u00ec t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u0103n pad \u0101p. Cf lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a pada (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 fm. C\u0103n pad) \u1edf ch.ix-12<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref13\">[13]<\/a>\u00a0<em>V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y xem vd. M sutta 70 v\u00e0 vis ch.XXI- v\u1ecb tu\u1ef3 t\u00edn h\u00e0nh (saddh\u0101nus\u0101r\u012b) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb nh\u1eadp l\u01b0u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 (nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m do \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee1ng bi\u00ean (ubhatobh\u0101gavimutti) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n an h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 ch\u00edn thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng ( b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec1n s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n di\u1ec7t th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh), ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn \u00e1i d\u1ee5c do tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb A La H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 9 thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y C h\u00e3y xem parasaddh\u0101nus\u0101ribh\u0101v\u0101dibh\u0101vena, nh\u01b0ng B apar\u0101saddh\u0101nuss\u0101r\u012b.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref14\">[14]<\/a>\u00a0v.v..C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0\u00a0<em>jh\u0101navimokkha sam\u0101dhi sam\u0101patti<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 thi\u1ec1n, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng, M.i 70<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref15\">[15]<\/a>\u00a0<em>V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y xem vd. M sutta 70 v\u00e0 vis ch.XXI- v\u1ecb tu\u1ef3 t\u00edn h\u00e0nh (saddh\u0101nus\u0101ri) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb nh\u1eadp l\u01b0u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 (nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m do \u0111\u1ee9c tin v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee1ng bi\u00ean (ubhatobhaagavimutti) l\u00e0 v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n an h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 ch\u00edn thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng ( b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec1n s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n di\u1ec7t th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh), ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn \u00e1i d\u1ee5c do tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb A La H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 9 thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y C h\u00e3y xem parasaddh\u0101nus\u0101ribh\u0101v\u0101dibh\u0101vena, nh\u01b0ng B apar\u0101saddh\u0101nuss\u0101ri.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref16\">[16]<\/a>\u00a0<em>T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ghi ch\u00fa tr\u00ean.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref17\">[17]<\/a>\u00a0<em>\u01a0 \u0111\u00e2y (45) sampatti- t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u0103n pad (r\u01a1i, \u0111i, theo \u0111u\u1ed5i) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u0103n aap (\u0111\u1ebfn) nh\u01b0 trong t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali Anh, nh\u01b0ng trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a sampad\u0101 (t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng) \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi (48) th\u00ec t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u0103n pad aap. Cf lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a pada (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 fm. C\u0103n pad) \u1edf ch.ix-12.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref18\">[18]<\/a>\u00a0<em>B\u1eb1ng nhau c\u1ee7a aagamma v\u1edbi niss\u0101ya n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb M. iii.220\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref19\">[19]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb yoniso (ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 theo c\u00e1ch trong b\u00e0o thai) v\u00e0 n\u00f3i b\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 \u2018 theo m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 l\u00fd do\u2019 ch\u1ec9 ra ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c) n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh danh t\u1eeb yoni (ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 b\u00e0o thai) ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sanh, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sanh, nh\u01b0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf MI. 73 v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i b\u00f3ng gi\u00f3 \u201cnguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n\u201d \u201cl\u00fd do\u201d \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 M.III 140. T\u1eeb ng\u1eef yoniso manasik\u0101ra \u2013 nh\u01b0 l\u00fd t\u00e1c \u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c kinh ph\u1eadt (nh\u01b0 \u1edf v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf M.i,7; S.ii 104f), \u2018bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a chuy\u00ea m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a suy x\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ee3c\u2019 suy x\u00e9t theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u: \u2018 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sanh do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sanh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t,\u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sanh do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sanh c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec7t do di\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y (M.i 262,264, D.II, 57 f) N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ri\u00eang, nh\u01b0ng khi n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh suy x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, ho\u1eb7c trong nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd li\u00ean quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng sinh (xem l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u1edf tr\u00ean) nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 quan kh\u00e1ch quan c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Ayoniso manasik\u0101ra \u2013 phi nh\u01b0 l\u00fd t\u00e1c qu\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch (upaayena) trang 48 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a yoniso manasikara xem MA.i 64, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u2018 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd do\u2019 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi yoniso ve payunjato trong c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 xem th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref20\">[20]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Anuth\u0101na<\/em>\u00a0tu t\u1eadp (<em>anu + th\u0101na<\/em>) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n pali anh, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 cho ra\u00a0<em>anutth\u0101na<\/em>\u00a0(<em>an+th\u0101na<\/em>) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref21\">[21]<\/a>\u00a0<em>L\u1ebd t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u1ecdc (l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i trong vibhaavinii tikaa: na vijaatiiti avijjaa), nh\u01b0ng xem tr\u00edch danh t\u1eeb avijjaa t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb vindati \u1edf vis. Ch XVII. 43\/p 526 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a vijjaa o73 MA. I. 126<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref22\">[22]<\/a>\u00a0L\u1eddi n\u00f3i b\u00f3ng do\u00a0<em>adandhayitatta<\/em>\u00a0(kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p) trong c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4n ngoan (\u0111\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng) nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh (<em>patipad\u0101<\/em>) \u1edf v\u00ed d\u1ee5 D.iii-228:\u00a0<em>dukkha patipad\u0101 dandh\u0101bhi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101-\u00a0<\/em>h\u00e0nh nan \u0111\u1eafc tr\u00ec v.v\u2026<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref23\">[23]<\/a>\u00a0T\u00e1m thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec1n s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 v.v\u2026) xem trong P.S- I- 97<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref24\">[24]<\/a>\u00a0<em>N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 C v\u00e0 B x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn, th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u r\u1ea5t s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref25\">[25]<\/a>\u00a0<em>B\u1ed1n patisambhid\u0101 \u2013 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t (ph\u00e2n t\u00edch) hi\u1ebfm th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c kinh Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i, t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sai v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef nguy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, b\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang; v\u00ec ch\u00fang bao tr\u00f9m b\u1ed1n l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c l\u1ed3ng kh\u00e9p hai \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0103n kh\u1edbp nhau, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n; ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf c\u1ee7a \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3; ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc, di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng minh b\u1ea1ch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i kia \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ba lo\u1ea1i minh kh\u00e1c, xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Vbh.293 v\u00e0 Vis. Ch.xiv, 21\/trang 440.<\/em><\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref26\">[26]<\/a>\u00a0Saaraadheti (<em>samdh\u0101reti<\/em>)- ch\u00fac m\u1eebng: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali &#8211; Anh<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref27\">[27]<\/a>\u00a0C\u00f3 ba m\u00f9a m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a k\u00e9o d\u00e0i b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0\u00a0<em>Gimh\u0101na (<\/em>m\u00f9a n\u00f3ng, m\u00f9a h\u1ea1 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y)\u00a0<em>Vass\u0101na\u00a0<\/em>(m\u00f9a m\u01b0a t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t) v\u00e0\u00a0<em>Hemanta (<\/em>m\u00f9a l\u1ea1nh th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi hai \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng ba) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt trong lu\u1eadt qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef lu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i trong su\u1ed1t ba th\u00e1ng m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t hay ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 hai. \u0110i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u kh\u00f4ng du h\u00e0nh trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eabm l\u00ean m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a m\u01b0a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u ph\u1ea3i t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 t\u1ee9 , g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u c\u00f9ng nhau qua h\u1ea1 chung v\u1edbi nhau. H\u1ecd m\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng sai ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong su\u1ed1t ba th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3, theo nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y tai nghe ho\u1eb7c nghi ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref28\">[28]<\/a>\u00a0C\u00f3 t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh gh\u00ea t\u1edfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u1edbi trong \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ni\u1ec7m th\u00e2n v\u1ec1 31-32 th\u1ec3. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n t\u1eed thi (Vis. ch. vi) c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n t\u1eed thi v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u1eeb, bi, h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m tr\u00fa hay c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m. (Vis. Ch. ix) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ni\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft, xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. ch. viii, ni\u1ec7m h\u01a1i th\u1edf ch., viii Th\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, ch. iv. Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea1i Ch. xi v\u00e0 s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i t\u00ednh kh\u00ed Ch. vii \u00a7\u00a7 74 tt.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref29\">[29]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Sannivittha \u2013 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng:\u00a0<\/em>kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n P.T.S; xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>sannivessa Ch. viii n. 12\u00a0<\/em>cho d\u00f9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng theo t\u1eadp th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref30\">[30]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Y\u0101maganndhikam kottetv\u0101 \u2013<\/em>\u00a0nh\u1eefng ch\u00f2i b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 d\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 canh g\u00e1c. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u1edf Mi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1eabn Ceylon nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chia ra l\u00e0m ba canh _ canh th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n, canh th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7, v\u00e0 canh th\u1ee9 ba nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref31\">[31]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Araniya \u2013\u00a0<\/em>k\u00ednh l\u1ec5\u2019 xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. iv n. 20 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref32\">[32]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Santa\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 (ph\u00e1p) v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u0103n l\u00e0\u00a0<em>sacca (<\/em>ch\u00e2n l\u00fd) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh an. C\u1ea3 hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a xem ra c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref33\">[33]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. v. \u00a7167.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref34\">[34]<\/a>\u00a0Ba c\u00e1ch tu luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0: t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc (nh\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc thi\u1ec1n, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1o hay ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3. T\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc (ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00e8m theo v\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc, tu\u1ec7 qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Xin \u0111\u1ecdc D. iii 219.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref35\">[35]<\/a>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i lo\u1ea1i ghi trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng sanskrit. C. c\u00f3 ghi\u00a0<em>pindapatipindam d\u0101nuppa nakkhattavijjam . khettavijjam; B. ghi pindapatipindad\u0101nuppa\u00a0<\/em>nh\u01b0 trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n P.T.S nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i th\u00eam\u00a0<em>nakkhattavijjam sau khettavetjjam\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n con s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref36\">[36]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c tin, tinh t\u1ea5n, ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec7m, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n trong n\u0103m danh quy\u1ec1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh (concentration) (xin \u0111\u1ecdc S. v. 193) n\u0103m c\u0103n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc S v. 249; Ps. I 17)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref37\">[37]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Ch. v. \u00a7161? Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. ch I \u00a7\u00a786 tt.\/ tr. 30tt. c\u0169ng xin \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam Ss. tr. 57)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref38\">[38]<\/a>\u00a0Gi\u1edbi u\u1ea9n l\u00e0 ba chi trong b\u00e1t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00e1nh ng\u1eef, ch\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi kh\u00e1c g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 tu\u1ec7 u\u1ea9n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh u\u1ea9n g\u1ed3m ch\u00e1nh tinh t\u1ea5n. Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh (xin \u0111\u1ecdc M .i 301) hai u\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh n\u0103m c\u1ea3 th\u1ea9y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t u\u1ea9n. Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tri ki\u1ebfn u\u1ea9n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh Qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref39\">[39]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u00e8 n\u00e9n m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb\u201d c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc thi\u1ec1n Jhana. Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo c\u1eb7p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec5n ly; \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. V\u00e0 \u0111i chung v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n t\u1eeb n\u1eefa l\u00e0\u00a0<em>tadanga nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb (<\/em>di chuy\u1ec3n do thay th\u1ebf) nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eedu trong khi thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1n, samuccheda, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb do \u0111\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, patippassaddhi, t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb do \u0111\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 nissarana xu\u1ea5t ly l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t N\u00edp b\u00e0n, xem Ps I,27,ii,220<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref40\">[40]<\/a>\u00a0P.T.S\u00a0<em>B v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1n\u00a0<\/em>b\u1ecf qua\u00a0<em>maggaphalena (<\/em>do ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3) nh\u01b0ng C. l\u1ea1i g\u1ed9p v\u00e0o. B\u1ea3n v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 n\u00ean lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf hay kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i th\u00ec th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o A-la-h\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i ra. v\u00ec t\u1ef3 kh\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n sau n\u00e0y. ( \u00a774)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref41\">[41]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. vi n. 31<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref42\">[42]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. iii n. 61.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref43\">[43]<\/a>\u00a0T\u1ea1m trong ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 trung t\u00ednh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref44\">[44]<\/a>\u00a0Ta ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 trong P.E.D ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a ra ba \u00fd ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>eva\u00a0<\/em>c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 (1) \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh. V\u00e0 hai \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 (2) c\u0169ng v\u1eady, v\u00e0 (3) ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t (xin \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u00a736)<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref45\">[45]<\/a>\u00a0C\u00f3 ba c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb trong b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 sau: (1) \u201c<em>\u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc an t\u1ecbnh. V\u00e0 c\u01b0 tr\u00fa trong \u0111\u00f3. (2) \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ebf ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh. L\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o v\u00e0 (3) \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch sau khi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tam h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nghi\u00eang (ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eeb l\u00e0), \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ba c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref46\">[46]<\/a>\u00a0C\u1ee5m t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>abhisamecca tadadhigam\u0101ya,\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tu\u1ef3 ti\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u2018sau khi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc\u2026\u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3. V\u00ec\u00a0<em>abhi+sam+I<\/em>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0<em>adhi+gam<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng danh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i\u201d; nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>abhisamecca\u00a0<\/em>m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. xin xem \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i \u00a712.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref47\">[47]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m tinh c\u1ea7n chi xin \u0111\u1ecdc e.g. M. ii. 95 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref48\">[48]<\/a>\u00a0V\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u201cnhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5\u201d xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. ch. iii \u00a7\u00a766 tt\/ tr. 99 tt. vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda sang b\u00e1t kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, y c\u00e0 sa v.v\u2026.ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111i nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis, ch. iv \u00a720tt\/ tr. 122.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref49\">[49]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Hanto \u2013\u00a0<\/em>h\u1eefu th\u1ec3\u2019 (qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u2013 hoti ) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali \u2013Anh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref50\">[50]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc note 21; y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 \u2018trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref51\">[51]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch., v note 22<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref52\">[52]<\/a>\u00a0\u201cC\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 40 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong Vis. Chs iv \u2013xi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u201c tam tu\u1edbng\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong Vis. Chs. xx \u2013 xxii. C\u00e2u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0103n kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi nhau trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n Pali<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref53\">[53]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch. v. \u00a7170<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref54\">[54]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0<em>vattapatipattiyam\u00a0<\/em>v\u1edbi C., B v\u00e0 Ss<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref55\">[55]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201c vi\u1ec7c th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi \u01b0\u1edbc<em>(<\/em>\u00a0<em>atricchata, aticchata)\u00a0<\/em>xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>MA ii.\u00a0<\/em>138 tt v\u00e0 Vbh 350-1<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref56\">[56]<\/a>\u00a0\u201c<em>Vosasana \u2013\u00a0<\/em>ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb\u201d kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali-Anh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref57\">[57]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ecdc l\u00e0\u00a0<em>samanadhammakiccakaro\u00a0<\/em>v\u1edbi C, ; B v\u00e0 Ss l\u1ea1i ghi \u2013<em>\u00a0kiccaparo\u00a0<\/em>P.T.S \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref58\">[58]<\/a>\u00a0M\u1ed9t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i b\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i \u00edt h\u01a1n, xin \u0111\u1ecdc note 22<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref59\">[59]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc tr. 276 c\u00e1c nh\u00e3n c\u0103n. nh\u0129 c\u0103n, t\u1ef7 c\u0103n, thi\u1ec7t c\u0103n , th\u00e2n c\u0103n v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u00fd c\u0103n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref60\">[60]<\/a>\u00a0N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Kinh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb lu m\u1edd \u0111i, th\u00ec \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eeb \u201cv\u1edbi suy t\u01b0 khi\u00eau kh\u00edch v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n\u2019 s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng Anh m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e2u gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng. Theo c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng Pali th\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00eam v\u00e0o iti l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc \u00a790) trong th\u1ef1c th\u1ebf, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 sau: N\u1eeda \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 ba m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n. n\u1eeda \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ee9 ba cho \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n 6 \u0111\u01b0a ra theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang tu t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3; \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 7-9 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh (concentration) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m tr\u00fa hay \u201cv\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m\u201d n\u01a1i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1i sanh n\u01a1i c\u00f5i ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean, n\u01a1i thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng, \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 10 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 tu ti\u1ebfn tu\u1ec7 qu\u00e1n d\u1eabn ta tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf\/t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t hay l\u00e0 N\u00edp b\u00e0n, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc A. ii 128-30).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref61\">[61]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 An ch\u1ec9 \u0110\u1ecbnh (Absorption) (xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. Ch. iii, \u00a76\/\/ tr. 85 v\u00e0 Ch. iv \u00a7\u00a7 32 tt\/tr.126 tt. ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra ba lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (Vis. ch. ix \u00a7111\/tr. 322). Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1n v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m hay b\u1ed1n hay n\u0103m thi\u1ec1n hay b\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. M I 380) song \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3. m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref62\">[62]<\/a>\u00a0<em>Santhana \u2013 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh\u201d\u00a0<\/em>\u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali-Anh<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref63\">[63]<\/a>\u00a0<em>P\u0101nanti &#8211;\u00a0<\/em>k\u1ec7 \u201c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi l\u1ea1i trong t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Pali-Anh.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref64\">[64]<\/a>\u00a0T\u1eeb \u201cNg\u0169 u\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu\u201d\u00a0<em>(pa\u00f1ca-cok\u0101ra-bhava)\u00a0<\/em>\u00e1m ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu n\u01a1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n, th\u1ecd u\u1ea9n, tu\u1edfng u\u1ea9n, h\u00e0nh u\u1ea9n (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 h\u00e0nh vi, t\u01b0 v.v\u2026) v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c u\u1ea9n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n chung v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c h\u1eefu\u00a0<em>(k\u0101ma-bhava)\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 s\u1eafc h\u1eefu (ruupa-bhavo) ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh v\u00f4 tu\u1edfng ( xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. Ch. xviii \u00a7253\/tr. 571) . L\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 hai t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi nhau, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ee9 u\u1ea9n h\u1eefu\u201d, \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 tu\u1edfng. ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n u\u1ea9n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i tr\u1eeb ra s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t u\u1ea9n h\u1eefu\u201d c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh v\u00f4 tu\u1edfng n\u01a1i c\u00f5i s\u1eafc h\u1eefu, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. (xin \u0111\u1ecdc App. ii<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref65\">[65]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc. M I 301. \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i ta b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018sinh m\u1ec7nh\u2019.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref66\">[66]<\/a>\u00a0T\u1eeb Pali \u201c<em>tasati\u201d\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00e1t\u201d hay \u201crun l\u00ean v\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i\u201d c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0\u00a0<em>santanha v\u00e0 sabhaya\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 hai t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng sanskrit\u00a0<em>trsyati (<\/em>kh\u00e1t) xin \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng sanskrit\u00a0<em>trsn\u0101\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Pali\u00a0<em>tanh\u0101\u00a0<\/em>h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00e1t\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Acariya Budhaghosa l\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1edd c\u1eady n\u00e0o n\u01a1i ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfng sanskrit nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n prakrit v\u00ec to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfng Paali d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cng\u00f4n ng\u1eef g\u1ed1c\u201d (<em>mula-bhasa;\u00a0<\/em>xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. xiv. \u00a725\/tr. 441 v\u00e0\u00a0<em>VbhA. 387-8)\u00a0<\/em>cho d\u00f9 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u00fd tra kh\u1ea3o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfng sanskrit. C\u00e1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng sanskrit n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0y sang n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c trong b\u1ea3n v\u0103n r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0i coi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u0103m do\u1ea1, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 trung gian Sarvastivadin v\u00e0 Mahayanian, nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp ti\u1ebfng Pali v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m sau c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean t\u1ea1i Ceylon v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n nam \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9. Trong b\u00e0i ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00f4i khi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfng sanskrit nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef.) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\u2019 nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. S\u01b0 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft Ti\u1ebfng sanskrit n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb5c ph\u1ea3i sai l\u1ea7m ngay t\u1eeb c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>dosiv\u0101\u00a0<\/em>trong MA. ii 250 trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>jyotsna,\u00a0<\/em>c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Pali\u00a0<em>dosapagata.\u00a0<\/em>Coi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o t\u1eeb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng jyotsana ti\u1ebfng sanskrit nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. (l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf ti\u1ebfng Pali l\u00e0 t\u1eeb\u00a0<em>junh\u0101)<\/em>. Ngay c\u1ea3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c t\u1eeb prakrit \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng sanskrit ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thanh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i ( xin \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1 cu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Childer) kh\u00f4ng h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref67\">[67]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c I t\u1eeb \u201ch\u1eefu h\u1ecdc\u201d. Xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. vi. Note 51 v\u00e0 Ch. vii, note 4 v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb \u201cch\u00fang sanh\u201d<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref68\">[68]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra trong Vis. Ch. ix \u00a7 92\/tr. 317. ( ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u2018\u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng\u201d thay v\u00ec \u2018tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c\u201d nh\u01b0 trong Ppn..<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref69\">[69]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0y xin \u0111\u1ecdc\u00a0<em>e.g. M.<\/em>\u00a0k 50 v\u00e0\u00a0<em>A\u00a0<\/em>i. 224-5 (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch trong Ch. vii n. 4) xin \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c II<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref70\">[70]<\/a>\u00a0\u201cCh\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh \u1ea9n d\u1ee5\u201d v\u00ec nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo t\u1eeb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3; xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. v. note 19.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref71\">[71]<\/a>\u00a0Ba n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong\u00a0<em>D.\u00a0<\/em>iii 220. \u201c \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu n\u01a1i b\u1ed1n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u2018 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 qui tr\u00ecnh sanh m\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n. Xin \u0111\u1ecdc e.g. Ch v \u00a7 61.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref72\">[72]<\/a>\u00a0N\u0103m thi\u1ec1n chi c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n : t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh, xin \u0111\u1ecdc Vis. Ch. xviii tt.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref73\">[73]<\/a>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201cDanh v\u00e0 S\u1eafc\u201d xin \u0111\u1ecdc Ch. iv. note 15.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref74\">[74]<\/a>\u00a0\u201cGi\u1edbi si\u00eau th\u1ebf\u201d l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 b\u1ed1n th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201cv\u1ecb th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n\u201d. T\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi\u201d v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf (si\u00eau th\u1ebf) cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m nh\u00e2n hay Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, s\u1eafc hay v\u00f4 s\u1eafc to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c c\u00f5i th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref75\">[75]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c kinh Ph\u1eadt trong A.ii. 128-30<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref76\">[76]<\/a>\u00a0. \u201cGi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c si\u00eau th\u1ebf\u201d l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 b\u1ed1n th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201cv\u1ecb th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n\u201d. T\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi\u201d v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf (si\u00eau th\u1ebf) cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m nh\u00e2n hay Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean, s\u1eafc hay v\u00f4 s\u1eafc to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c c\u00f5i th\u1ebf gian n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi.<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-kinh-cg\/cgtt04.htm#_ednref77\">[77]<\/a>\u00a0Xin \u0111\u1ecdc: \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c Kinh trong A. ii 128-30).<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph --><!-- wp:paragraph -->\n<p>-ooOoo-<\/p>\n<!-- \/wp:paragraph -->\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-92e60ca elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-content-space-between elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"92e60ca\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-973d1bb\" data-id=\"973d1bb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7712a4e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7712a4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"section\" data-elementor-id=\"29369\" class=\"elementor elementor-29369\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-section-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-263b597c elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"263b597c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-134cd20d\" data-id=\"134cd20d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6bcd0b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6bcd0b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-text-editor elementor-clearfix\">\n\t\t\t\t<p>T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u Kinh t\u1ea1ng Nikaya &#8211; T\u00e2m h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch Online gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 kinh Nikaya , c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00e2m H\u1ecdc so\u1ea1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1ng t\u00edn c\u1eady tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng internet.<\/p><p>Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 s\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham kh\u1ea3o , mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3&nbsp; T\u00e2m h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Home [04] Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng VIII KINH B\u1ea2O T\u00c0NG (Nidhikhandasuttam) 1. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ta b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn Kinh B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp ngay sau Kinh B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i B\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1eddng, kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":35261,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_canvas","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[354],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-35288","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kinh-tieu-bo"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35288","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=35288"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35288\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":35334,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/35288\/revisions\/35334"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/35261"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=35288"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=35288"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=35288"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=35288"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}