{"id":5677,"date":"2020-10-30T10:24:09","date_gmt":"2020-10-30T10:24:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/30\/kinh-dien-phat-giao-phat-hoc-co-ban\/"},"modified":"2020-10-30T10:24:09","modified_gmt":"2020-10-30T10:24:09","slug":"kinh-dien-phat-giao-phat-hoc-co-ban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/10\/30\/kinh-dien-phat-giao-phat-hoc-co-ban\/","title":{"rendered":"– Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o – Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

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C\u00c1C B\u00c0I
H\u1eccC PH\u1eacT<\/b><\/span>
PH\u00daC TRUNG<\/span> Hu\u1ef3nh \u00c1i T\u00f4ng
PL. 2555
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Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft tr\u00e3i qua 45 n\u0103m ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u1eeb l\u00fac Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u1ea5y th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau khi ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft<\/span>, th\u1eadt ra kinh V\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> hay M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u1edf ph\u00e1i San Xa D\u1ea1 thu\u1ed9c L\u1ee5c S\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i Ca Di\u1ebfp<\/span> v\u1ed1n thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i<\/span> B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n<\/span>, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i<\/span> S\u00e1t \u0110\u1ebf L\u1ee3i<\/span> nh\u01b0 A Nan<\/span>, A Na Lu\u1eadt<\/span>, Nan \u0110\u00e0<\/span>, Ma Ha Nam<\/span> . . . d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span> nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0u th\u00f4ng ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sanscrit, nh\u01b0ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00ec theo T\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> c\u00f2n ghi l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y: “B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 hai anh em B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n<\/span> xin xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span> theo Ph\u1eadt. H\u1ecd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/span> Ng\u00e0i cho ph\u00e9p<\/span> h\u1ecd t\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y theo ki\u1ec3u t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecdc kinh<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n V\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quen \u0111\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/span> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ti\u1ebfng Sanscrit v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e2u v\u0103n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho hoa m\u1ef9<\/span> nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Sanscrit trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> \u1ea5y”<\/i>. V\u1ec1 l\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/span> n\u1ea7y, Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> hoa m\u1ef9<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>, l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/span> ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebb. L\u1eddi v\u0103n gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span>, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i g\u00ec. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p<\/span> cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00ec sao kinh<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Trong ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Ca Di\u1ebfp<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span>: ”N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> xem h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00e1c T\u1ef3 Kheo<\/span> kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o: B\u1ed1n gi\u1edbi Ba<\/span> La \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1 Ni<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> b\u1ea3o b\u1ed1n gi\u1edbi Ba<\/span> La \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1 Ni<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t, th\u00ec c\u00e1c T\u1ef3 Kheo<\/span> kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o: C\u00e1c gi\u1edbi Ba<\/span> D\u1eadt \u0110\u1ec1 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edb nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t… Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y chung ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, gi\u1edbi n\u00e0o l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t m\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n th\u00ec b\u1ecdn ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o: “Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a sa m\u00f4n<\/span> Th\u00edch t\u1eed<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y kh\u00f3i, khi th\u1ea7y c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p do th\u1ea7y ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, nh\u01b0ng sau khi th\u1ea7y nh\u1eadp ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> n\u1eefa” Do v\u1eady, t\u00f4i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i : “Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng do Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u00fd ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec do Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi ph\u1ea1m<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y”.<\/i> \u00dd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i<\/span> quy\u1ebft ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3 cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, t\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span> quy\u1ebft b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span> \u0111\u00fang y theo<\/span> nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span>, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda b\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7<\/span>, ch\u00ednh truy\u1ec1n<\/span> th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> v\u1eabn kh\u1ea9u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p. <\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng sau khi m\u00e3n H\u1ea1 trong l\u1ea7n ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i \u01afu B\u00e0 Ly<\/span> \u0111em quy\u1ec3n Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> ghi 1 \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf sau m\u1ed7i H\u1ea1 ghi 1 \u0111i\u1ec3m, quy\u1ec3n Lu\u1eadt n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt Thi\u1ec7n Ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, sau ng\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0 \u0110\u00e3 T\u1eadt, \u0110\u00e0 \u0110\u00e3 T\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n cho ng\u00e0i Tu C\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i B\u1ea1t \u0110\u00e0 La<\/span> mang nguy\u00ean b\u1ed5n Lu\u1eadt n\u1ea7y sang Trung Hoa v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ec1, n\u0103m V\u0129nh B\u00ecnh Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y, d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n V\u0103n t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m<\/span> \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2u, m\u00e3n H\u1ea1 n\u0103m \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfm s\u1ed1 ghi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 976 \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00ec do ch\u01b0 th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o quy\u1ec3n n\u1ea7y, n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 “Ch\u00fang Th\u00e1nh \u0110i\u1ec3m K\u00fd”.<\/i> Ph\u1eadt L\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u00fd n\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai kho\u1ea3ng 100 n\u0103m sau Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>, hay \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean<\/span>, l\u1ea7n ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> n\u1ea7y do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1i th\u00e0nh Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda b\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang b\u1ed9<\/span>. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span>, kho\u1ea3ng 236 n\u0103m sau khi Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m 250 tr\u01b0\u1edbc CN nh\u00e0 vua h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> l\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed1n<\/span> l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ng\u1ee7 T\u0103ng gi\u00e0<\/span>, c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft cho l\u00e0 do t\u00e2n thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean<\/span>. L\u1ea7n ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> n\u1ea7y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> b\u1ed9 “Thuy\u1ebft s\u1ef1”<\/i>, sau n\u1ea7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 Tam T\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/span>. L\u1ea7n ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> Ca Nh\u1ecb S\u1eafc Ca<\/span> (128-151), kho\u1ea3ng 700 n\u0103m sau khi Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 140 CN, l\u1ea7n ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> n\u1ea7y, h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> b\u1ed9 “Lu\u1eadn Ngh\u1ecb”<\/i> (Upadesa), \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span>, b\u1ed9 “T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa”<\/i> (Vibhasa) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 “A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma”<\/i> (Abhidarma) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadn<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec1u cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ghi ch\u00e9p kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, sau khi Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span> 236 n\u0103m, d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span>, ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> n\u00ean ph\u00e1i m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/span> sang T\u00edch Lan<\/span>, do Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o<\/span> Minhada (l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed, con vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span>) h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, \u0111o\u00e0n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u<\/span> Kinh v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c T\u00edch Lan<\/span> b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ma Ki\u1ec7t \u0110\u00e0<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> kinh h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1eef T\u00edch Lan<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ghi ch\u00e9p. \u0110\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u vua V\u00f4 \u00day V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> (Vatthag\u00e0mani-Abhaya th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 I tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng Nguy\u00ean<\/span>), m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua r\u1ea5t h\u00e2m m\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00e2m h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a nguy nga \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i n\u00fai V\u00f4 \u00day<\/span> t\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u00f4 \u00day<\/span> T\u1ef1. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> n\u1ea7y v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 35-32 TCN Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> T\u00edch Lan<\/span> h\u1ecdp ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng<\/span> t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Alu g\u1ea7n th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Matale, ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ghi ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Pali theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Ma Ki\u1ec7t \u0110\u00e0<\/span>. V\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Pali, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn Ma Ki\u1ec7t \u0110\u00e0<\/span>, r\u1ed3i lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u00e1c n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn T\u00edch Lan<\/span>.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 sau, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V, c\u00f3 ng\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m<\/span> (Buddhaghoso), ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung \u1ea4n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00edch Lan<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 ph\u00e1i<\/span> ( Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> T\u00edch Lan<\/span> b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i Tinh X\u00e1<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 ph\u00e1i<\/span>, sau T\u0103ng ch\u00fang<\/span> \u1edf V\u00f4 \u00day<\/span> T\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/span> ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span>, t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 ph\u00e1i<\/span>, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> V\u00f4 \u00day S\u01a1n<\/span> T\u1ef1 ph\u00e1i, thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p h\u1ef7<\/span> b\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III, t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a K\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0 L\u00e2m<\/span>, ph\u00e1t sinh ra m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i n\u1eeda g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 K\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0 L\u00e2m<\/span> T\u1ef1 ph\u00e1i.), ng\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng Pali \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c Kinh, Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a xong, sau n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 ng\u00e0i H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p<\/span> (Dhammap\u00e0la) ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span>, ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m<\/span> (Buddhaghoso) s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> ra b\u1ed9 Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (Visuddhimagga).<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> T\u00edch Lan<\/span> d\u00f9ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Pali g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y<\/span> hay Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Nam T\u00f4ng<\/span>. C\u00f2n Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> hay B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u00f9ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> ch\u1eef Sanscrit. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef Sanscrit \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng Sanscrit kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0o nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> ghi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Sanscrit c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Pali, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a theo nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Ma Ki\u1ec7t \u0110\u00e0<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c khi ghi kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Sanscrit c\u00f3 tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Pali, cho n\u00ean n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ed9 A H\u00e0m<\/span> (Agama) c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Ng\u0169 B\u1ed9<\/span> Kinh (Nikaya) c\u1ee7a Nam T\u00f4ng<\/span>.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Nam T\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

I.- Lu\u1eadt T\u1ea1ng<\/span>:<\/p>\n

G\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span>, nghi l\u1ec5<\/span>, h\u00e0nh x\u1eed cho Nam, N\u1eef tu s\u0129<\/span>, chia l\u00e0m 5 b\u1ed9:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n
  1. Ba La Di<\/span><\/li>\n

    <\/p>\n

  2. Ba D\u1eadt \u0110\u1ec1<\/span><\/li>\n

    <\/p>\n

  3. \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/li>\n

    <\/p>\n

  4. Ti\u1ec3u Ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/li>\n

    <\/p>\n

  5. To\u00e1t y\u1ebfu<\/span><\/li>\n

    <\/ol>\n

    II.- Kinh T\u1ea1ng<\/span>:<\/p>\n

    Ghi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt hay \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra l\u00e0m 5 b\u1ed9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 B\u1ed9<\/span> Kinh:<\/p>\n

      <\/p>\n
    1. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

      <\/p>\n

    2. Trung B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

      <\/p>\n

    3. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

      <\/p>\n

    4. T\u0103ng Chi B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

      <\/p>\n

    5. Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

      <\/ol>\n

      Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> nh\u1ecf hay ng\u1eafn, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ra n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp 15 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf :<\/p>\n

      a- Ti\u1ec3u T\u1ee5ng<\/span>
      b- Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa<\/span>
      c- Ph\u1eadt T\u1ef1<\/span> Thuy\u1ebft
      d- Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ecb<\/span> Ng\u1eef
      e- Kinh T\u1eadp<\/span>
      f- Thi\u00ean Cung S\u1ef1<\/span>
      g- Ng\u1ea1 Qu\u1ef9 S\u1ef1
      h- Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o T\u0103ng K\u1ec7<\/span>
      i- B\u1ed5n Sanh
      j- Ngh\u0129a Th\u00edch<\/span>
      k- V\u00f4 Ng\u1ea1i Gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>
      l- Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>
      m- Ph\u1eadt s\u1eed<\/span>
      n- S\u1edf h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/p>\n

      III.- Lu\u1eadn T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng<\/span> hay Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

      N\u1ed9i dung lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span>, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y \u1ea5y th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> . . . g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 7 quy\u1ec3n:<\/p>\n

        <\/p>\n
      1. Ph\u00e1p T\u1ee5<\/span><\/li>\n

        <\/p>\n

      2. Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/li>\n

        <\/p>\n

      3. Gi\u1edbi Thuy\u1ebft<\/li>\n

        <\/p>\n

      4. Nh\u00e2n Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/li>\n

        <\/p>\n

      5. Bi\u1ec7n Gi\u1ea3i<\/span><\/li>\n

        <\/p>\n

      6. Song Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

        <\/p>\n

      7. Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean Thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/li>\n

        <\/ol>\n

        Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Nam T\u00f4ng<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nay nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n

          <\/p>\n
        • \u0110\u1ea3o s\u1eed<\/span><\/li>\n

          <\/p>\n

        • \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1eed<\/span><\/li>\n

          <\/p>\n

        • Ti\u1ec3u S\u1eed<\/span><\/li>\n

          <\/p>\n

        • Mi Lan \u0110\u00e0 V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ea1o (Kinh Na Ti\u00ean<\/span>)<\/li>\n

          <\/p>\n

        • Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

          <\/p>\n

        • Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

          <\/ul>\n

          Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span>, nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef Sanscrit ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> hay 675 b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n Tr\u1ea7n Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> mang t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch sang ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. Chia ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

          I.- T\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt:<\/p>\n

            <\/p>\n
          1. Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng Lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/li>\n

            <\/p>\n

          2. T\u1ee9 Ph\u1eadn Lu\u1eadt<\/li>\n

            <\/p>\n

          3. Ma Ha T\u0103ng K\u1ef3 Lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/li>\n

            <\/p>\n

          4. Ng\u0169 Ph\u1eadn Lu\u1eadt<\/li>\n

            <\/p>\n

          5. T\u1ef3 N\u1ea1i Da<\/span><\/li>\n

            <\/ol>\n

            II.- T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span>:<\/p>\n

              <\/p>\n
            1. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng A H\u00e0m<\/span><\/li>\n

              <\/p>\n

            2. Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span><\/li>\n

              <\/p>\n

            3. T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m<\/span><\/li>\n

              <\/p>\n

            4. T\u0103ng Nh\u1ee9t A H\u00e0m<\/span><\/li>\n

              <\/ol>\n

              III.- T\u1ea1ng A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span>:<\/p>\n

                <\/p>\n
              1. Ph\u00e1t Tr\u00ed Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ca \u0110a Di\u1ec5n Ni T\u1eed<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u00e2n, c\u00f3 6 ch\u00e2n l\u00e0:<\/li>\n

                <\/p>\n

              2. T\u1eadp D\u1ecb M\u00f4n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn (t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span>)<\/li>\n

                <\/p>\n

              3. Ph\u00e1p U\u1ea9n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean<\/span> s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span>)<\/li>\n

                <\/p>\n

              4. Thi Thi\u1ebft T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Ca Chi\u00ean Di\u00ean<\/span><\/li>\n

                <\/p>\n

              5. Th\u1ee9c Th\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft Ma<\/span><\/li>\n

                <\/p>\n

              6. Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span><\/li>\n

                <\/p>\n

              7. Gi\u1edbi Th\u00e2n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span><\/li>\n

                <\/ol>\n

                T\u1ea1ng A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> r\u1ea5t trung th\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> trong c\u00e1c kinh. <\/p>\n

                IV.- T\u1ea1ng Khu\u1ea5t Gi\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0<\/span> (\u0110\u00f4i khi x\u1ebfp chung v\u1edbi T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 A H\u00e0m<\/span>):<\/p>\n

                  <\/p>\n
                1. Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                2. \u1ee8ng t\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                3. C\u00f4 kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                4. Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                5. B\u1ea3n s\u1ef1<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                6. B\u1ea3n Sanh<\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                7. V\u1ecb T\u0103ng H\u1eefu<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                8. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                9. Lu\u1eadn Ngh\u1ecb<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                10. T\u1ef1 Thuy\u1ebft<\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                11. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3ng<\/span> hay T\u1ef3 Ph\u1eadt L\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/p>\n

                12. Th\u1ecd K\u00fd<\/span><\/li>\n

                  <\/ol>\n

                  Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Nam T\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nhau, ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> kh\u00e1c, lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng danh<\/span> Th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

                  V.- B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 B\u1ed9<\/span>: (Ri\u00eang b\u1ed9 n\u1ea7y nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n Sancrit c\u00f2n kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7)<\/p>\n

                    <\/p>\n
                  1. \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span> S\u01a1 Ph\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                    <\/p>\n

                  2. \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/li>\n

                    <\/p>\n

                  3. Ti\u1ec3u Ph\u1ea9m<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/li>\n

                    <\/p>\n

                  4. V\u0103n Th\u00f9<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/li>\n

                    <\/p>\n

                  5. Th\u1eafng Thi\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/li>\n

                    <\/p>\n

                  6. L\u00fd Th\u00fa B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/li>\n

                    <\/p>\n

                  7. Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/li>\n

                    <\/p>\n

                  8. B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                    <\/ol>\n

                    VI.- Hoa Nghi\u00eam B\u1ed9<\/span>:<\/p>\n

                      <\/p>\n
                    1. Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba Ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/li>\n

                      <\/p>\n

                    2. H\u00e0nh Nguy\u1ec7n Ph\u1ea9m<\/span> t\u1ee9c T\u1ee9 Th\u1eadp Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span><\/li>\n

                      <\/p>\n

                    3. Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n H\u1ea1nh Nguy\u1ec7n T\u00e1n<\/span><\/li>\n

                      <\/ol>\n

                      VII.- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng<\/span> B\u1ed9:<\/p>\n

                        <\/p>\n
                      1. Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                      2. A Di \u0110\u00e0 Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                      3. Bi Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                      4. Kim Quang Minh Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                      5. Nguy\u1ec7t \u0110\u0103ng Tam Mu\u1ed9i Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                      6. So\u1ea1n T\u1eadp B\u00e1ch Duy\u00ean Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                      7. Ph\u1eadt B\u1ea3n H\u1ea1nh T\u1eadp Kinh D\u1ecb B\u1ea3n<\/span><\/li>\n

                        <\/p>\n

                      8. Duy Ma Kinh<\/span> <\/li>\n

                        <\/ol>\n

                        C\u00e1c kinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III:<\/p>\n

                          <\/p>\n
                        1. Th\u1eafng Man Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                          <\/p>\n

                        2. \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                          <\/p>\n

                        3. Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                          <\/p>\n

                        4. Kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span><\/li>\n

                          <\/ol>\n

                          VIII.- B\u1ea3o T\u00edch B\u1ed9<\/span>:<\/p>\n

                            <\/p>\n
                          1. H\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c<\/span> T\u00f4n Gi\u1ea3<\/span> S\u1edf V\u1ea5n Kinh<\/li>\n

                            <\/p>\n

                          2. \u0110\u1ea1i Ca Di\u1ebfp H\u1ed9i<\/span>.<\/li>\n

                            <\/p>\n

                          3. V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ecd H\u1ed9i<\/span> t\u1ee9c V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ecd Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                            <\/ol>\n

                            IX.- B\u00ed M\u1eadt<\/span> B\u1ed9:<\/p>\n

                              <\/p>\n
                            1. V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ecd<\/span> Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> Quang Minh V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u0110\u00e0 La Ni<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            2. T\u00e1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110a La B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Nh\u1ea5t B\u00e1ch B\u00e1t Danh Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            3. Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee7 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t H\u00e0ng Ph\u1ee5c Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft B\u1ed9 \u0110a \u0110\u1ea1i Gi\u00e1o V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            4. V\u00f4 N\u0103ng Th\u1eafng Phan V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u01b0 Lai Trang Nghi\u00eam \u0110\u00e0 La Ni<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            5. Th\u00e1nh C\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt M\u1eabu<\/span> Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eadt Nh\u1ea5t Ch\u1ee7ng L\u1ec5 T\u00e1n<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            6. Th\u00e1nh Di\u1ec7u M\u1eabu \u0110\u00e0 La Ni Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            7. \u0110\u1ea1i Bi Kh\u00f4ng Tr\u00ed Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea1i Gi\u00e1o V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nghi Qu\u1ef9 Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            8. \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Trang Nghi\u00eam B\u1ea3o V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            9. Ph\u1eadt M\u1eabu \u0110\u1ea1i Kh\u1ed5ng T\u01b0\u1edbc V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            10. \u0110\u1ea1i V\u0103n Th\u1ec9nh V\u0169 Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            11. \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00f9y<\/span> C\u1ea7u \u0110\u00e0 La Ni<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            12. \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ea1ch T\u1ea3n C\u00e1i \u0110\u00e0 La Ni Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            13. Th\u1ee7 H\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            14. \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n L\u00e2m Th\u00e1nh Nan Noa \u0110\u00e0 La Ni<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            15. \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9 Minh \u0110\u00e0 La Ni<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            16. Ma L\u1ecb Chi Thi\u00ean \u0110\u00e0 La Ni Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            17. V\u0103n Th\u00f9<\/span> S\u1edf Thuy\u1ebft T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<\/span> Danh Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            18. B\u00e1t Lan Sa Ph\u01b0\u1ee3c La \u0110\u00e0 La Ni<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            19. Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> Tam Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> T\u1ed1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> B\u00ed M\u1eadt<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Gi\u00e1o<\/span> V\u01b0\u01a1ng Kinh<\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            20. Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft Nh\u01b0 Lai \u00d4 C\u1ea7m Nh\u1ecb Sa T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng T\u1ed5ng Tr\u00ec Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            21. Ho\u1ea1i T\u01b0\u1edbng Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00e0 La Ni Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            22. Tr\u00ec Th\u1ebf \u0110\u00e0 La Ni Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/p>\n

                            23. Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam Tam Mu\u1ed9i Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                              <\/ol>\n

                              X.- S\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n

                              1. Na Ti\u00ean<\/span><\/b> (xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean<\/span>):<\/p>\n

                              2.- Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span><\/b>, \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Gandh\u00e0ra, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7<\/span> k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 IV.<\/p>\n

                                <\/p>\n
                              • Di B\u1ed9 T\u00f4n Lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                                <\/p>\n

                              • T\u00f4n B\u00e0 Tu M\u1eadt B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t S\u1edf T\u1eadp Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                <\/ul>\n

                                3.- M\u00e3 Minh<\/span><\/b>, ng\u00e0i sanh \u1edf v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng<\/span>, kho\u1ea3ng h\u1eadu b\u00e1n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II.<\/p>\n

                                  <\/p>\n
                                • Ph\u1eadt S\u1edf H\u1ea1nh T\u00e1n<\/span><\/li>\n

                                  <\/p>\n

                                • \u0110\u1ea1i Trang Nghi\u00eam<\/span> Lu\u1eadn Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                                  <\/p>\n

                                • Th\u1eadp B\u1ea5t Thi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> Kinh<\/li>\n

                                  <\/p>\n

                                • L\u1ee5c Th\u00fa Lu\u00e2n H\u1ed3i Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                                  <\/p>\n

                                • S\u1ef1 S\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p Ng\u0169 Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/li>\n

                                  <\/p>\n

                                • Ni Ki\u1ec1n T\u1eed<\/span> V\u1ea5n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> Ngh\u0129a Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                                  <\/p>\n

                                • \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ecba Huy\u1ec1n V\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n Lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                                  <\/p>\n

                                • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                  <\/ul>\n

                                  4.- Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>,<\/b> ng\u00e0i sanh kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III, ng\u01b0\u1edd Nam \u1ea4n, d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i<\/span> B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

                                    <\/p>\n
                                  • Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb M\u00f4n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • Th\u1eadp Tr\u1ee5 T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • Th\u1eadp B\u00e1t Kh\u00f4ng Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ph\u00e1 H\u1eefu Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> Lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 T\u00e2m<\/span> Ly T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> Lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • H\u1ed1i Tr\u00e1nh Lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • Khuy\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1t Ch\u01b0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng Y\u1ebfu K\u1ec7<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • T\u00e1n Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi T\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/p>\n

                                  • Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1t Nguy\u1ec7n T\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/li>\n

                                    <\/ul>\n

                                    5.- \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span><\/b> c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Thi\u00ean<\/span>, sinh cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam \u1ea4n.<\/p>\n

                                      <\/p>\n
                                    • B\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                      <\/p>\n

                                    • B\u00e1ch T\u1ef1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                      <\/p>\n

                                    • Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                      <\/ul>\n

                                      6.- La H\u1ea7u La B\u1ea1t \u0110\u00e0 La<\/span> (R\u00e0hula-bhadra)<\/b>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung \u1ea4n<\/span> sinh kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III, ng\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00f9ng Trung \u1ea4n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

                                        <\/p>\n
                                      • (S\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i ch\u00fa th\u00edch Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n)<\/li>\n

                                        <\/ul>\n

                                        7.- Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Di L\u1eb7c<\/span><\/b> (do V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i):<\/p>\n

                                          <\/p>\n
                                        • Du Gi\u00e0 S\u01b0 \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                          <\/p>\n

                                        • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Trang Nghi\u00eam Kinh Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                          <\/p>\n

                                        • Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba Kinh Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                          <\/p>\n

                                        • Trung Bi\u00ean Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                          <\/ul>\n

                                          8.- V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/b>, sinh \u1edf cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 IV thu\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc Gandh\u00e0ra, B\u1eafc \u1ea4n, d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i<\/span> B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n<\/span>. C\u00f3 hai em l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 L\u00e2n Tr\u00ec T\u1eed, c\u1ea3 ba c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

                                          – Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh<\/span><\/p>\n

                                            <\/p>\n
                                          • Hi\u1ec3n D\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1o Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                            <\/p>\n

                                          • Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                            <\/p>\n

                                          • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma T\u1ea1p Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                            <\/p>\n

                                          • Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 Ba La M\u1eadt \u0110a<\/span> T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                            <\/p>\n

                                          • Thu\u1eadn Trung Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                            <\/ul>\n

                                            9.- Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span><\/b>, sinh sau V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> ch\u1eebng 20 n\u0103m v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 IV, xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span> theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> ( Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda B\u1ed9<\/span>), sau nghe l\u1eddi<\/span> khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee7<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang H\u00e1n v\u0103n :<\/p>\n

                                              <\/p>\n
                                            • A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (H\u1eefu b\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> B\u1ea3n T\u1ee5ng (H\u1eefu b\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp Lu\u1eadn T\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Duy Th\u1ee9c Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eadp Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba B\u00e1ch Ph\u00e1p Minh M\u00f4n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Ph\u1eadt T\u00ednh Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba Kinh Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh \u01afu Ba \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ecd Kinh \u01afu Ba \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Chuy\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n Kinh<\/span> \u01afu Ba \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 Ba La M\u1eadt \u0110a Kinh<\/span> Lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                                              <\/p>\n

                                            • L\u1ee5c M\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o Th\u1ee5 T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecbnh Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                              <\/ul>\n

                                              10.- Tr\u1ea7n Na<\/span><\/b>, sinh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V, \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Dr\u00e0vida, Nam \u1ea4n, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> ng\u00e0i h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda B\u1ed9<\/span>, sau chuy\u1ec3n sang \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span> n\u00ean th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u<\/span> gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ea3 hai, ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> Nh\u00e2n Minh h\u1ecdc<\/span> l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> c\u00f2n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span>, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “T\u00e2n Nh\u00e2n Minh”,<\/i> s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> :<\/p>\n

                                                <\/p>\n
                                              • Nh\u00e2n Minh<\/span> Ch\u1ec9nh L\u00fd M\u00f4n Lu\u1eadn<\/span> B\u1ea3n<\/li>\n

                                                <\/p>\n

                                              • Qu\u00e1n S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                <\/p>\n

                                              • V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng T\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                <\/p>\n

                                              • Th\u1ee7 Nh\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3 Thi\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                <\/p>\n

                                              • Qu\u00e1n T\u1ed5ng T\u01b0\u1edbng Lu\u1eadn T\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                <\/p>\n

                                              • Ch\u01b0\u1edfng Trung Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                <\/ul>\n

                                                11.- Thanh Bi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/b>, sanh kho\u1ea3ng ti\u1ec1n b\u00e1n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VI, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung \u1ea4n<\/span>, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> theo h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> S\u1ed1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, sau theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> v\u00e0 D\u1ec1 B\u00e0, s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

                                                  <\/p>\n
                                                • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ch\u01b0\u1edfng Tr\u00e2n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                  <\/p>\n

                                                • B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0110\u0103ng Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                  <\/ul>\n

                                                  12.- H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/b>, sinh kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VII, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Dr\u00e0vida, \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t l\u00fac 32 tu\u1ed5i, th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a Gi\u1edbi Hi\u1ec1n<\/span>, tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c ng\u00e0i g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span>:<\/p>\n

                                                    <\/p>\n
                                                  • Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                    <\/p>\n

                                                  • Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c B\u1ea3o Sinh Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                    <\/p>\n

                                                  • Qu\u00e1n S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                    <\/p>\n

                                                  • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                    <\/ul>\n

                                                    N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Nam T\u00f4ng<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ngh\u0129 ngay \u0111\u1ebfn kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Pali, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Pali l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00edch Lan<\/span>, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Th\u00e1i Lan, Campuchea m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 lan truy\u1ec1n sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> tr\u00ean 100 n\u0103m qua, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f3 Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i<\/span> Th\u00e1nh \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/span> Pali (P\u00e0li Text Society) do Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/span> T.W. Rhys Davids (1843-1922) ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1881, tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span> Hi\u1ec7p H\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean 100 quy\u1ec3n kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Pali ra Anh ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

                                                    C\u00f2n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span>, c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Sanscrit \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 nh\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> … d\u1ecbch sang H\u00e1n v\u0103n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> n\u00eau ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp nh\u01b0 sau: <\/p>\n

                                                    I.- B\u1ed9 1 (ch\u00e9p tay) s\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u1eeb th\u1eddi L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u00f5 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n v\u0103n c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i Trung qu\u1ed1c<\/span> t\u1eeb n\u0103m 67 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 517.<\/p>\n

                                                    II.- B\u1ed9 2 (ch\u00e9p tay) s\u01b0u t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi vua Hi\u1ebfu V\u00f5<\/span> nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 533-534.<\/p>\n

                                                    III.- B\u1ed9 3 (ch\u00e9p tay) s\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u1edbi n\u0103m 594, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u00f9y V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

                                                    IV.- B\u1ed9 4 (ch\u00e9p tay) s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 602, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u00f9y V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf, g\u1ed3m 2109 b\u1ed9, th\u00e0nh 5058 quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

                                                    V.- B\u1ed9 5 (ch\u00e9p tay) s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 616 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u00f9y V\u0103n \u0110\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

                                                    VI.- N\u0103m 644, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1eadp xong th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a 2847 b\u1ed9, th\u00e0nh 8476 quy\u1ec3n kinh \u0111\u00e3 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch<\/span> xong, trong s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 650 b\u1ed9 do Ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> th\u0129nh t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

                                                    VII.- B\u1ed9 6 (ch\u00e9p tay) ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> n\u0103m 695, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi V\u00f5 H\u1eadu g\u1ed3m 3616 b\u1ed9, th\u00e0nh 8641 quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

                                                    VIII.- B\u1ed9 7 (ch\u00e9p tay) ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> n\u0103m 730, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Huy\u1ec1n T\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

                                                    IX.- B\u1ed9 8 (in b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7) ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> n\u0103m 972, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5<\/span>. Ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eafc 130 ng\u00e0n b\u1ea3n g\u1ed7 m\u1edbi in xong b\u1ed9 Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y, n\u0103m 995, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa c\u00f3 cho Cao Ly ( \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n<\/span>) th\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n in n\u1ea7y. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Cao Ly kh\u1eafc v\u00e0 in l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 Cao Ly b\u1ed5n.<\/p>\n

                                                    X.- B\u1ed9 9 (in) n\u0103m 1285-1287 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

                                                    XI.- N\u0103m 1306, ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> (\u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi Nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi xong).<\/p>\n

                                                    XII.- B\u1ed9 10 (in) n\u0103m 1368-1398, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Minh Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5<\/span>, b\u1ed9 Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Minh<\/span> Nam Kinh<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span>, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in t\u1ea1i Nam kinh<\/span> (Nankin)<\/p>\n

                                                    XIII.- B\u1ed9 11 (in) n\u0103m 1403-1424, d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Minh Th\u00e0nh T\u1ed5. B\u1ed9 Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Minh<\/span> B\u1eafc Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span>, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc kinh (P\u00e9kin).<\/p>\n

                                                    XIV.- Ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> M\u1eadt T\u1ea1ng<\/span> h\u1ed5n h\u1ee3p hai b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 l\u1eadp th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

                                                    XV.- B\u1ed9 12 (in) n\u0103m 1735-1737 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi vua Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> v\u00e0 Cao T\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Thanh.<\/p>\n

                                                    XVI.- B\u1ed9 13 (in) n\u0103m 1911, Tinh X\u00e1<\/span> T\u1ea7n Gi\u00e0<\/span> \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i in l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9<\/span> S\u00fac Lo\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ea7n Gi\u00e0<\/span> B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

                                                    XVII.- B\u1ed9 14 (in) Th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ee5 \u1ea5n qu\u00e1n<\/span> in l\u1ea1i T\u1ee5c T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

                                                    XVIII.- B\u1ed9 15 (in) kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1931-1936, c\u00f3 in l\u1ea1i T\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3n T\u00edch<\/span> Sa t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> v\u00e0 Kim b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span>, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng T\u1ea1ng Di Tr\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/p>\n

                                                    V\u1ec1 sau n\u1ea7y, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n in th\u00eam \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i n\u1ea7y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e0i<\/span> li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span>. <\/p>\n

                                                    Ngo\u00e0i H\u00e1n T\u1ea1ng ra, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Sanscrit \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> d\u1ecbch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t tinh t\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n, chia l\u00e0m 2 ph\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cam Th\u00f9<\/span> (Kanjur) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110an Th\u00f9<\/span> (Tanjur), c\u1ea3 hai g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ee7 Kinh, Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn, ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

                                                    I. Cam Th\u00f9<\/span>:<\/p>\n

                                                      <\/p>\n
                                                    1. Lu\u1eadt B\u1ed9<\/li>\n

                                                      <\/p>\n

                                                    2. B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                      <\/p>\n

                                                    3. Hoa Nghi\u00eam B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                      <\/p>\n

                                                    4. B\u1ea3o T\u00edch B\u1ed9<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                      <\/p>\n

                                                    5. Kinh T\u1eadp<\/span> (h\u01a1n 200 b\u1ed9)<\/li>\n

                                                      <\/p>\n

                                                    6. \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                      <\/p>\n

                                                    7. B\u00ed M\u1eadt<\/span> B\u1ed9<\/li>\n

                                                      <\/ol>\n

                                                      II. \u0110an Th\u00f9<\/span>:<\/p>\n

                                                        <\/p>\n
                                                      1. T\u00e1n Ca T\u1eadp<\/span> (g\u1ed3m 58 b\u1ed9)<\/li>\n

                                                        <\/p>\n

                                                      2. B\u00ed M\u1eadt<\/span> Nghi Qu\u1ef9<\/span> (h\u01a1n 2600 b\u1ed9)<\/li>\n

                                                        <\/p>\n

                                                      3. Lu\u1eadn Th\u00edch T\u1eadp ( r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1edb th\u00edch kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>, c\u00e1c m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc<\/span> kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e2n Minh<\/span>, V\u0103n ph\u00e1p<\/span>, \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c<\/span>, To\u00e1n s\u1ed1 … <\/li>\n

                                                        <\/ol>\n

                                                        \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 30 tr\u1edf \u0111i m\u1edbi phi\u00ean \u00e2m ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 50 tr\u1edf \u0111i m\u1edbi d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span> sang ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0110o\u00e0n Trung C\u00f2n, Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Hoa, Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed T\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Si\u00eau, Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span>, Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb …<\/p>\n

                                                        I. Lu\u1eadt :<\/p>\n

                                                          <\/p>\n
                                                        1. Lu\u1eadt Sa Di<\/span> v\u00e0 Sa Di Ni<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                          <\/p>\n

                                                        2. Lu\u1eadt Sa Di<\/span> Gi\u1ea3i<\/li>\n

                                                          <\/ol>\n

                                                          II. Kinh :<\/p>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n
                                                          • Tr\u01b0\u1eddng A h\u00e0m<\/span> (2 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span> (4 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m<\/span> (4 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • T\u0103ng Nh\u1ee9t A H\u00e0m<\/span> (3 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> (2 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Trung B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> (3 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> (5 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • T\u0103ng Chi B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> (4 quy\u1ec3n)<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Ma Ha B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 Ba La M\u1eadt Kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • B\u1ea3o T\u00edch<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • V\u1ecb T\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • Kinh Hi\u1ec1n Ngu<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                            <\/p>\n

                                                          • …<\/li>\n

                                                            <\/ul>\n

                                                            III. Lu\u1eadn:<\/p>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n
                                                            • Lu\u1eadn Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n

                                                            • Lu\u1eadn Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n

                                                            • Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0110\u1ed9<\/li>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n

                                                            • Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n

                                                            • \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> T\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Lu\u1eadn<\/li>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n

                                                            • \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n

                                                            • Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                              <\/p>\n

                                                            • …<\/li>\n

                                                              <\/ul>\n

                                                              B\u1ea3ng k\u00ea tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng kinh quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch, Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9<\/span> g\u1ed3m 15 quy\u1ec3n trong Ng\u0169 B\u1ed9<\/span> Kinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch xong, cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m<\/span> 1999 \u0111\u00e3 in c\u00e1c t\u1eadp 1, 2, 3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span>, cho th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc tuy ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span> ra Vi\u1ec7t Ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng<\/span>, c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span> d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

                                                              Theo tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> Pali \u1edf T\u00edch Lan<\/span>, Th\u00e1i Lan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o CD Rom, H\u00e1n T\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t h\u00e3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed Nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o CD Rom.<\/p>\n

                                                              Theo ng\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m<\/span> (hay Ph\u1eadt Minh<\/span>), c\u00f3 7 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>:<\/p>\n

                                                              1. H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb: Trong T\u0103ng Nh\u1ee9t B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span>, Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span>, T\u0103ng Nh\u1ee9t A H\u00e0m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y: “Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.”<\/i><\/p>\n

                                                              2. Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt: Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span> m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

                                                              3. Ba ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1p \u00e2m<\/span> : Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 3 ph\u1ea7n : \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 ghi trong c\u00e1c kinh: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9<\/span>, Trung b\u1ed9<\/span>, T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng b\u1ed9<\/span>, T\u0103ng Nh\u1ee9t b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 trong t\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 sau : “Ph\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y thu\u1ea7n thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u, ph\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa l\u1eabn ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i. Ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> c\u1ea3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u1eabn l\u1eddi v\u0103n. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u00e1p \u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span> v\u00e0 trong su\u1ed1t<\/span>, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span> ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.”<\/i><\/p>\n

                                                              4. N\u0103m B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span>. Theo bi k\u00fd \u1edf Sanci v\u00e0 Bharhut th\u00ec N\u0103m B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng theo ng\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m<\/span>, N\u0103m B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9<\/span>, Trung B\u1ed9<\/span>, T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng B\u1ed9<\/span>, T\u0103ng Nh\u1ee9t B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 T\u1ea1p B\u1ed9, trong T\u1ea1p B\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9<\/span>, t\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span>.<\/p>\n

                                                              5. Ch\u00edn B\u1ed9 Lo\u1ea1i<\/span>: Gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> chia th\u00e0nh ch\u00edn b\u1ed9 lo\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n
                                                              • Kh\u1ebf kinh<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • \u01afng T\u1ee5ng hay Tr\u00f9ng T\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • C\u00f4 Kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • T\u1ef1 Thuy\u1ebft<\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • B\u1ea3n S\u1ef1<\/span> <\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • B\u1ea3n Sanh<\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • V\u1ecb T\u1eb1ng H\u1eefu<\/span><\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • V\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0<\/span> La<\/li>\n

                                                                <\/p>\n

                                                              • V\u00ea Da<\/li>\n

                                                                <\/ul>\n

                                                                6. 84,000 Ph\u00e1p U\u1ea9n<\/span><\/p>\n

                                                                C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 84 ng\u00e0n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> cho n\u00ean Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y 84 ng\u00e0n ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ec7 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, b\u1edfi v\u00ec Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ph\u00e1p trong 45 n\u0103m, v\u1ecb chi c\u00f3 16,436 ng\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y tr\u00ean 5 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> v\u1edbi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ?<\/p>\n

                                                                7. Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 3 c\u00e1i kho ch\u1ee9a, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Kinh, Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn, Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 thuy\u1ebft Kinh<\/span> v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt c\u00f2n Lu\u1eadn do c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng<\/span> h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u01a1 s\u1edf tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong k\u1ef3 Ki\u1ebft T\u1eadp<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u201cThuy\u1ebft S\u1ef1<\/i>\u201d do ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ebf T\u1eed Tu tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

                                                                Theo ng\u00e0i Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i<\/span> thu\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean Thai T\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1edf Trung Hoa, ng\u00e0i chia Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ra l\u00e0m 5 th\u1eddi :<\/p>\n

                                                                Th\u1eddi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: Sau khi Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> ng\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y<\/span> B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> gi\u1ea3ng kinh<\/span> Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span> cho ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean<\/span> nghe.<\/p>\n

                                                                Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai: Th\u1ea5y l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4n ai hi\u1ec3u, Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn V\u01b0\u1eddn Nai<\/span>, gi\u1ea3ng T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> cho nh\u00f3m \u00f4ng Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0<\/span> nghe, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi v\u00e0o kinh A H\u00e0m<\/span>, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi A H\u00e0m<\/span>, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 12 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

                                                                Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba: Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 lan r\u1ed9ng trong d\u00e2n gian, b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> kh\u00e1c c\u00f4ng k\u00edch<\/span>, n\u00ean Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng minh gi\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong kinh Duy Ma<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eadp, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> n\u1ea7y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 8 n\u0103m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1eb3ng<\/span>.<\/p>\n

                                                                Th\u1eddi th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: Do c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u00f4ng k\u00edch<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft thuy\u1ebft<\/span> cao si\u00eau, n\u00ean Ph\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> kinh B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span>, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 22 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

                                                                Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> th\u1ee9 n\u0103m: Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Ph\u1eadt \u0111em l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt<\/span> Gi\u00e1o gi\u1ea3ng cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span>, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong 8 n\u0103m v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/p>\n

                                                                T\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VIII qu\u00e2n H\u1ed3i lu\u00f4n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n, h\u1ea3m h\u1ea1i T\u0103ng, Ni, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u0103m 1203, qu\u00e2n H\u1ed3i \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>, ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea4n, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span> b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t vong<\/span> ngay qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, do v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng Th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng<\/span> s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> kinh, lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf m\u00e0 Tam T\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> ghi ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng Sanscrit h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

                                                                Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> nh\u1eefng Kinh S\u00e1ch n\u00eau tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> Nam T\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sai kh\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> do Th\u00e1nh T\u0103ng<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> mang l\u1ea1i cho Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> B\u1eafc T\u00f4ng<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> h\u01a1n. chung quy v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec1 cao l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o v\u00e0 quy nguy\u00ean<\/span> Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt<\/span> Gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

                                                                C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng, xin nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> trong kinh Kim Cang<\/span> : “Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> ! \u00d4ng \u0111\u1eebng cho l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span>: Ta C\u00f3 Thuy\u1ebft Ph\u00e1p<\/span>. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady ? N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i: Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i l\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i. Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1! Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p chi \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft. T\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span>.”<\/i><\/p>\n

                                                                V\u00e0 trong Kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m \u1ea4n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: Th\u1ebf n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: ”Ta t\u1eeb \u0111\u00eam \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u00eam \u1ea5y v\u00e0o ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, \u1edf trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> gi\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, s\u1ebd n\u00f3i”.<\/i><\/p>\n

                                                                Kh\u1edfi th\u1ea3o Feb. 20, 2000
                                                                S\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/span> Mar. 12, 2000<\/p>\n

                                                                S\u00e1ch tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> :<\/b><\/p>\n

                                                                HT Th\u00edch Thanh Ki\u1ec3m L\u1ecbch S\u1eed<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span><\/i> ,V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh<\/span>, S\u00e0ig\u00f2n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, 1963
                                                                HT Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb Kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m \u1ea4n<\/span>, <\/i>Tu Vi\u1ec7n<\/span> Ch\u01a1n Kh\u00f4ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, 1989
                                                                HT Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec1n T\u00e2m<\/span> Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> Tinh Y\u1ebfu<\/i>, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, 1999
                                                                Nguy\u1ec5n Duy C\u1ea7n Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> Tinh Hoa<\/span><\/i>, t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n I, H\u1ed3ng \u00c2n<\/span>, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, 1996
                                                                Cao H\u1eefu \u0110\u00ednh V\u0103n H\u1ecdc S\u1eed<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/i>, T\u1eadp 1, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Sen, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, 1996
                                                                Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n<\/i> Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, 1999
                                                                Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng<\/span>, <\/i>Kinh Kim Cang<\/span>, Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, 1992 <\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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