![\"image\"\/](\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Phat-quoc-ky-su-02-Chuong-II-Lam-Ty.jpg\")
\n \n <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni, ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef l\u00e0 Lumbini, x\u01b0a kia l\u00e0 khu v\u01b0\u1eddn xinh \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a kinh th\u00e0nh Ca T\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7. Hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1ecb tr\u00ed khu v\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nepal, ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 30 Km. L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni , n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea3n sinh m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n d\u00e3y Hy M\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n, c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng ghi c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh Ca T\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7 c\u0169 kho\u1ea3ng 15 km, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chim bay, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u0111i v\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed9 nh\u1ef1a kho\u1ea3ng 40km.<\/strong><\/p>\n 1. Ch\u00f9a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u01a1i h\u1ed9i ng\u1ed9 lo\u00e0i chim qu\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Chim H\u1ed3ng H\u1ea1c. \u1ea2nh: T\u00e2m B\u1eedu\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n Kho\u1ea3ng 9 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni, \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \t\tvi\u1ebfng th\u0103m Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ph\u1eadt Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ef1, ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00f9a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u \t\tti\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c Nepal, do h\u00f2a \t\tth\u01b0\u1ee3ng Huy\u1ec1n Di\u1ec7u s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp. H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tu s\u0129 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \t\tk\u00eau g\u1ecdi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh t\u00edch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1edf \t\tNepal v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 trong th\u1eddi c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i. May \t\tm\u1eafn thay, t\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i con chim h\u1ed3ng \t\th\u1ea1c \u0111ang \u0111i trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean ch\u00f9a. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u00e0i chim \t\tn\u00e0y qua t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Khi H\u1ed3ng H\u1ea1c Bay V<\/em>\u1ec1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u00e0m V\u01b0\u1eddn, t\u1ee9c \t\tb\u00fat danh c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Huy\u1ec1n Di\u1ec7u. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \t\tchi\u00eam b\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, k\u00ednh vi\u1ebfng h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 \t\th\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p lo\u00e0i chim qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm n\u00e0y. H\u00f4m nay, t\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean ch\u00f9a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \t\tnh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng ba con h\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1c \u0111ang \u0111i lang thang trong ao n\u01b0\u1edbc \t\tc\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ghi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 \t\tlo\u00e0i chim n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang cao kho\u1ea3ng 1,6m, ch\u00e2n kh\u1eb3ng khiu nh\u01b0 c\u00f2, nh\u01b0ng l\u1edbn \t\tg\u1ea5p tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n c\u00f2, c\u1ed5 c\u0169ng v\u1eady. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng c\u1ed5 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecf, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ecdi \t\tng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi chim n\u00e0y l\u00e0 chim h\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1c (chim h\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecf). Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t d\u1ea1n d\u0129, \t\thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y s\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1eafc quen \u1edf ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh \t\th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u0103m vi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn ch\u00fang. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \t\tnh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i chim c\u00f4ng hay nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i chim kh\u00e1c. Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \t\tth\u1ea5y ch\u00fang d\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00fac r\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 \t\tnhi\u00ean, r\u1ea5t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00fang th\u00edch \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, cho n\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n \t\tvi\u00ean ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 v\u0169ng n\u01b0\u1edbc to, c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho ch\u00fang sinh ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng \t\tng\u00e0y. Sau khi quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ghi h\u00ecnh l\u01b0u ni\u1ec7m, \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00e0o b\u00ean \t\ttrong l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt, tham quan quanh khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00f9a v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \t\tv\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni, c\u00e1ch ch\u00f9a kho\u1ea3ng 3km.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n 2. V\u01b0\u1eddn ng\u1ef1 uy\u1ec3n L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni (Lumbini), n\u01a1i Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3n \t\tsanh<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Quang c\u1ea3nh v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni.\u00a0 \u1ea2nh: S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m <\/em><\/p>\n L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n th\u00e1nh t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem \t\tnh\u01b0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, g\u1ecdi \t\tl\u00e0 t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m. T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m g\u1ed3m: L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni thu\u1ed9c Ca T\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7 (Kapilavatthu), \t\tB\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u00e0ng (Bodhgaya) thu\u1ed9c Ma \t\tKi\u1ec7t \u0110\u00e0 (Magadha), L\u1ed9c Uy\u1ec3n n\u01a1i chuy\u1ec3n \t\tph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n x\u1ee9 Ba La N\u1ea1i (Benares), v\u00e0 \t\tC\u00e2u Thi Na (Kushinagar) thu\u1ed9c c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \t\tMalla (bang Bihar ng\u00e0y nay), n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 D\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n. B\u1ed1n th\u00e1nh \t\tt\u00edch tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb:<\/p>\n \u201c\u0110\u1ea3n sanh Ca T\u1ef3 \t\tLa<\/p>\n Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ma \t\tKi\u1ec7t \u0110\u00e0<\/p>\n Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p Ba \t\tLa N\u1ea1i<\/p>\n Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n C\u00e2u Thi \t\tNa\u201d.<\/p>\n L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni, ph\u1ea1n \t\tng\u1eef l\u00e0 Lumbini, x\u01b0a kia l\u00e0 khu v\u01b0\u1eddn \t\txinh \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a kinh th\u00e0nh Ca T\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7. Hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1ecb tr\u00ed khu v\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \t\ttr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nepal, ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p \t\tbi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 30 Km. L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni , n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea3n sinh m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ee9c \t\tPh\u1eadt, n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n d\u00e3y Hy M\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n, c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng ghi c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh Ca \t\tT\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7 c\u0169 kho\u1ea3ng 15 km, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chim bay, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \t\tph\u1ea3i \u0111i v\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed9 nh\u1ef1a kho\u1ea3ng 40km.<\/p>\n Theo phong t\u1ee5c \t\t\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y sinh n\u1edf ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea m\u1eb9, ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu \t\tMa Da c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. Tr\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea, khi ngang qua khu \t\tv\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni, b\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng th\u01b0 th\u00e1i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, ni\u1ec1m vui l\u00e2ng \t\tl\u00e2ng kh\u00f3 t\u1ea3 gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng chim \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i reo h\u00f3t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 \t\t\u0111\u00f3n ch\u00e0o b\u00e0, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1nh m\u1eabu \u0111ang mang th\u00e1nh thai. \u00c1nh b\u00ecnh minh t\u1ecf r\u1ea1ng, \t\tnh\u1eefng tia n\u1eafng h\u1ed3ng ban mai xuy\u00ean qua c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y c\u1ed5 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \t\tv\u1ec7t s\u00e1ng d\u00e0i tr\u00ean c\u1ecf, l\u00e0m long lanh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt s\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f2n \u0111ang \t\tsay ng\u1ee7\u00a0 trong bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng \u00eam \u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb9p tr\u1eddi. Trong l\u00fac \u0111ang say s\u01b0a ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn \t\tc\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt quanh khu v\u01b0\u1eddn, gi\u1eefa bao k\u00ec hoa d\u1ecb th\u1ea3o, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean b\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \t\tnhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \t\tn\u00e0y. B\u00e0 li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi tay n\u1eafm c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y v\u00f4 \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng trong gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat \t\tchuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t. B\u00e0 li\u1ec1n cho th\u1ecb n\u1eef c\u0103ng m\u00e0ng, tr\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1m \t\tth\u1eddi cho gi\u1edd ph\u00fat thi\u00eang li\u00eang, s\u1ef1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i n\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 \t\tlo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hay \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 mong m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ecbnh Ph\u1ea1n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n \t\td\u00e2n kinh th\u00e0nh Ca T\u1ef3 La V\u1ec7. B\u00e0 h\u1ea1 sinh m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0ng nam kh\u00f4i ng\u00f4 tu\u1ea5n t\u00fa, \t\tm\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac s\u01a1 sinh. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \t\ttruy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng, khi sinh th\u00e1i t\u1eed, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t rung chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n, nh\u1ea1c \t\ttr\u1eddi r\u1ec1nh vang c\u1ea3 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, mu\u00f4n chim bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n kh\u1eafp tr\u1eddi, c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i trong \t\tv\u01b0\u1eddn xinh t\u01b0\u01a1i h\u1eb3n l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t h\u1ea1 sinh t\u1eeb h\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9, b\u01b0\u1edbc \t\t\u0111i b\u1ea3y b\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hoa sen \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0i d\u00f5ng d\u1ea1t tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n: \t\t\u201cThi\u00ean Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Thi\u00ean H\u1ea1, Duy Ng\u00e3 \u0110\u1ed9c T\u00f4n, V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Sinh T\u1eed, \u01af Kim T\u1eadn \t\tH\u1ef7<\/em>\u201d[1] – Tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1eddi, s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean h\u1ebft. M\u1ecdi tr\u00f3i c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a sanh \t\tt\u1eed, \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f9y \t\tt\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a b\u00e0 h\u1ed3i kinh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3n r\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eebng vui, reo h\u00f2 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n \t\ttrong kinh th\u00e0nh. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vui m\u1eebng t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vua T\u1ecbnh \t\tPh\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0ng nam x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ebf \t\tth\u1eeba v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb. L\u00fac \u1ea5y v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng \t\tVesak \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 \t\t\u00e2m l\u1ecbch, n\u0103m 623 (ho\u1eb7c 624) tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1i \t\tv\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y k\u00edn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng x\u00f3i \t\tm\u00f2n v\u00e0 h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i. B\u00ean trong l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n g\u1ea1ch c\u0169 m\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i \t\t\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft t\u00edch c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u01b0 d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n v\u1eabn \t\tc\u00f2n in tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00fac \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3n sinh. Tr\u00ean b\u1edd \t\tt\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch k\u1ec1 b\u00ean d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt, c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 3m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c ph\u00f9 \t\t\u0111i\u00eau r\u1ea5t xinh \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u1eafc h\u00ecnh ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Ma Da trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0a \t\ttay v\u1ecbnh c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y v\u00f4 \u01b0u, ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea3n sinh v\u00e0 xung \t\tquanh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ecb n\u1eef \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n Quang c\u1ea3nh xung \t\tquanh L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u00e0n tay ch\u0103m s\u00f3c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00ean \t\tc\u1ea1nh n\u1ec1n g\u1ea1ch c\u0169 c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e2y xanh v\u01b0\u01a1n m\u00ecnh che b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t \t\tkhi\u00eam t\u1ed1n trong kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n; v\u00e0i kh\u00f3m hoa c\u00f9ng \u0111ua s\u1eafc m\u00e0u \t\ttrong b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi xu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p. Bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho khu th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba \t\tL\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni g\u1ee3i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, c\u1ed1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 huy ho\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \t\tl\u1eadp l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i khu th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc v\u0129 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n 3. Tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 Vua A D\u1ee5c (Asoka)<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Th\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee5 vua A D\u1ee5c.\u00a0 \u1ea2nh: T\u00e2m \t\tB\u1eedu<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni, v\u01b0\u1eddn ng\u1ef1 uy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi bao k\u00ec hoa d\u1ecb th\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1eb9p \t\t\u0111\u1ebd l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4m n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i c\u00e2y c\u1ecf \t\tl\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1c quanh khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u1ebf t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o \t\tc\u1ed5. May m\u1eafn thay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi con Ph\u1eadt ch\u00fang ta, cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm \t\thi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1nh t\u00edch d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n, nh\u01b0ng \t\tn\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1eadt v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u1eabn hi\u00ean ngang v\u1edbi tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o \t\tv\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 v\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \t\ttr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a vua Asoka, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m r\u1ea1ng danh Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \t\ttrong su\u1ed1t tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean T\u00e2y \t\tl\u1ecbch. Nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng th\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef c\u00f2n ghi l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean bia k\u00fd, m\u00e0 \t\tm\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh t\u00edch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \t\t\u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c cho Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 \t\tm\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0n sau. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a bia k\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef \t\tBrahmi, \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cV\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 20 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi vua Piyadassi (vua A \t\tD\u1ee5c) \u0111\u0103ng quang, ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eam b\u00e1i, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng. \t\tB\u1edfi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca, th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng Saky\u0101 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra n\u01a1i n\u00e0y. \t\t\u00d4ng cho d\u1ef1ng tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea3n sinh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt. D\u00e2n l\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i L\u00e2m \t\tT\u1ef3 Ni \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thu\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1m s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu ho\u1ea1ch\u201d.<\/p>\n \u0110o\u00e0n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee5, t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ebfn \t\ts\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3n sinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1eeb ph\u1ee5 Th\u00edch Ca h\u01a1n 2500 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nguy\u1ec7n \t\tc\u1ea7u cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang sinh an c\u01b0 l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt \t\tph\u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f9ng h\u01b0ng n\u01a1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u0103m \t\tch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n 4. H\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \t\tC\u00e1ch \t\ttr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 50 m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc vu\u00f4ng, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y \t\tB\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Ma Da \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eafm \t\ttrong h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y sau khi l\u00e2m b\u1ed3n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y x\u01b0a \t\tkia ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \t\tc\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y h\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. N\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed3 trong xanh v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t h\u1ed3 \t\ty\u00ean t\u0129nh n\u00ean lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt xung quanh, d\u00f9 c\u00e1ch xa nh\u01b0 \t\tng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 bao b\u1ecdc khu khai qu\u1eadt ph\u1ebf t\u00edch hay nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u01a1n d\u00e0i \t\ttr\u00ean b\u1edd h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u xanh bi\u1ebfc d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi trong y\u00ean \u1ea3. \t\tNg\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e0ng c\u00e2y B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 r\u00e2m m\u00e1t b\u00ean b\u1edd h\u1ed3, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 \t\tch\u1ecbu v\u00e0 n\u00ean th\u01a1 l\u00e0m sao! R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 n\u00ean \t\tkh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0i v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 l\u00e0m k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p \t\tn\u00e1n l\u1ea1i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111o\u00e0n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e2u Thi Na \t\t(Kusinagar), n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 D\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0 <\/p>\n <\/a>[1] Kinh \t\t\t\tTr\u01b0\u1eddng A h\u00e0m I<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n![\"image002_lamtini1_336144647\"](\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/1604778148_90_Phat-quoc-ky-su-02-Chuong-II-Lam-Ty.jpg\" "\\"image002_lamtini1_336144647\\"")
\u00a0<\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n![\"image005_lamtini\"](\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/1604778153_747_Phat-quoc-ky-su-02-Chuong-II-Lam-Ty.jpg\" "\\"image005_lamtini\\"")
<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n