{"id":6229,"date":"2020-11-08T10:35:31","date_gmt":"2020-11-08T03:35:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/11\/08\/bi-an-thanh-dia-phat-giao-sarnath-an-do\/"},"modified":"2020-11-08T10:35:31","modified_gmt":"2020-11-08T03:35:31","slug":"bi-an-thanh-dia-phat-giao-sarnath-an-do","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/11\/08\/bi-an-thanh-dia-phat-giao-sarnath-an-do\/","title":{"rendered":"Bi an thanh dia Phat giao Sarnath An Do"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt cho 5 tu s\u0129 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh trong l\u1ea7n thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn (Sarnath) \u0111\u1ebfn Sarnath (L\u1ed9c uy\u1ec3n- \u201cv\u01b0\u1eddn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng uy\u1ec3n hoang d\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u01a1u\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu r\u1eebng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u01a1u s\u1ed1ng ung dung t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng lo b\u1ecb s\u0103n b\u1eafn.). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 5 t\u00ec kh\u01b0u (tu s\u0129 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u201cTh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o\u201d \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n b\u00ed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Sarnath. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt T\u1ed5 Th\u00edch Ca M\u00e2u Ni (Buddha S\u00e0kya Munil g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Theo ghi ch\u00e9p sau khi \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1. Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n). Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt cho 5 tu s\u0129 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh trong l\u1ea7n thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn (Sarnath) \u0111\u1ebfn Sarnath (L\u1ed9c uy\u1ec3n- \u201cv\u01b0\u1eddn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng uy\u1ec3n hoang d\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u01a1u\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu r\u1eebng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u01a1u s\u1ed1ng ung dung t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng lo b\u1ecb s\u0103n b\u1eafn.). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 5 t\u00ec kh\u01b0u (tu s\u0129 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Sarnath nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\"B\u1ed3<\/div>\n

Bodh Gaya – B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u00e0ng, n\u01a1i Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch\u00a0Ca\u00a0gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (\u1ea2nh: lichsuvn.info)<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n, Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 suy ngh\u0129 7 ng\u00e0y, ban \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf nguy\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cth\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c”, song th\u1ea7n Hindu l\u00e0 Brahma (th\u1ea7n S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o) thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd cao si\u00eau m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. V\u00ec v\u1eady, Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 m\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p cho ch\u00fang sinh. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i bi Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang sinh tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfp lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ebfn b\u1edd, c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c. Sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua 7 ng\u00e0y n\u1eefa, Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 quan s\u00e1t m\u1ecdi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u1ed5 c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u0103n duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh. Sau 14 ng\u00e0y n\u1eefa, ng\u00e0i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p, song n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u01a1i n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, qu\u1ed1c s\u01b0 ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u. Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1 cho h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

\"L\u1ed9c<\/div>\n

L\u1ed9c Uy\u1ec3n (Sanarth), n\u01a1i Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (\u1ea2nh: lichsuvn.info)<\/p>\n

Sarnath n\u1eb1m \u1edf gi\u1eefa hai con s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 Porona. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u r\u1eebng c\u00e2y t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh y\u00ean t\u0129nh, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh sinh s\u1ed1ng. N\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e3 tu luy\u1ec7n kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh trong r\u1eebng \u1edf Sarnath.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1i t\u00ean Sarnath c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng. X\u01b0a kia, trong m\u1ed9t khu r\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con h\u01b0\u01a1u \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n r\u1ea5t h\u00f9ng d\u0169ng v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng minh. N\u00f3 d\u1eabn h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n con h\u01b0\u01a1u mai hoa c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1ng \u1edf n\u01a1i phong c\u1ea3nh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb9p Sarnath. \u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng vua th\u00edch \u0103n th\u1ecbt h\u01b0\u01a1u. C\u1ee9 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ta l\u1ea1i d\u1eabn \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111i s\u0103n b\u1eaft h\u01b0\u01a1u. \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111i s\u0103n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng binh s\u0129 chuy\u00ean s\u0103n h\u01b0\u01a1u. H\u1ecd \u0111em r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00f3 s\u0103n, chim \u01b0ng, v\u00e2y ch\u1eb7t khu r\u1eebng h\u01b0\u01a1u. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0o, con h\u01b0\u01a1u \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1eafm m\u1edbi d\u1eabn \u0111\u00e0n h\u01b0\u01a1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 con h\u01b0\u01a1u l\u00e0m m\u1ed3i cho k\u1ebb s\u0103n.<\/p>\n

Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n suy ngh\u0129, con h\u01b0\u01a1u \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o ho\u00e0ng cung qu\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t nh\u00e0 vua van xin: \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua, ch\u1ec9 mong ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 an c\u01b0 l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p. Theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, nh\u00e0 vua r\u1ea5t th\u00edch \u0103n th\u1ecbt h\u01b0\u01a1u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh, ch\u1ec9 hy v\u1ecdng ng\u00e0i b\u00e1o cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01b0\u01a1u c\u1ea7n \u0103n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a giao \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecbt h\u01b0\u01a1u, quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5t t\u00edn\u201d.<\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u1eeb t\u1ea1 ra v\u1ec1, vua h\u01b0\u01a1u tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e0n, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con h\u01b0\u01a1u \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u0111i v\u00e0o cung vua hi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n. Nh\u00e0 vua c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o r\u1eebng s\u0103n b\u1eafn n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

\"Ph\u1eadt<\/div>\n

Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y b\u1ed3\u00a0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u00e0ng (\u1ea2nh:lichsuvn.info)<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t con h\u01b0\u01a1u c\u00e1i b\u1ee5ng mang d\u1ea1 ch\u1eeda ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o ho\u00e0ng cung ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ebft. Vua h\u01b0\u01a1u th\u1ea5y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ecnh li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb nh\u00e0 vua cho m\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft thay. C\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng \u1ea5y, nh\u00e0 vua li\u1ec1n ra l\u1ec7nh cho \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ebfp th\u1ea3 vua h\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb nay v\u1ec1 sau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n b\u1eaft gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u01a1u n\u1eefa. K\u1ebb n\u00e0o vi ph\u1ea1m s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n

Vua h\u01b0\u01a1u tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 r\u1eebng c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e0n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, khu r\u1eebng n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u01a1u v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u01b0\u1eddn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng uy\u1ec3n” hoang d\u00e3 c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u01a1u.<\/p>\n

Sau n\u00e0y, v\u01b0\u1eddn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng uy\u1ec3n hoang d\u00e3 \u1ea5y tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng b\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m n\u01a1i chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VII, cao t\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Huy\u1ec1n Trang \u0111i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ea5y kinh, khu r\u1eebng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed3n hoa, \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0i l\u1ea7u c\u00e1c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tr\u00e1ng l\u1ec7. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Sarnath d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n hoang t\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n: B\u00ed \u1ea9n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n