{"id":6524,"date":"2020-11-22T23:54:04","date_gmt":"2020-11-22T16:54:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=6524"},"modified":"2020-11-22T23:56:43","modified_gmt":"2020-11-22T16:56:43","slug":"tam-giai-thoat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/11\/22\/tam-giai-thoat\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00c1M GI\u1ea2I THO\u00c1T"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u00c1M GI\u1ea2I THO\u00c1T\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

( t\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecdc nghe b\u00e0i kinh http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/10\/21\/dai-kinh-sakuludayi\/ kinh trung b\u1ed9 , l\u00e0 1 b\u00e0i kinh d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 1 ti\u1ebfng bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tu t\u1eadp m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y) <\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1m Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t Theo T\u1eadp D\u1ecb M\u00f4n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/strong> ( t\u1eeb hoavouu.com)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TR\u00cdCH T\u1eea B\u1ea2N VI\u1ec6T D\u1ecaCH A-T\u00cc-\u0110\u1ea0T-MA T\u1eacP D\u1eca M\u00d4N T\u00daC LU\u1eacN
<\/strong>ABHIDHARMA SANG\u012aTIPARY\u0100YA P\u0100DA\u015a\u0100STRA<\/strong>\u963f\u6bd8\u9054\u78e8\u96c6\u7570\u9580\u8db3\u8ad6
***<\/strong>Th\u00edch Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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M\u00e3 s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ISBN: 978-604-89-6649-2<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

(Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t, A-t\u00ec-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma T\u1eadp d\u1ecb m\u00f4n t\u00fac lu\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, 1\/2019, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i S\u00e1ch H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u00e1m?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Ho\u1eb7c h\u1eefu s\u1eafc, qu\u00e1n c\u00e1c s\u1eafc<\/strong>, l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng, qu\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc<\/strong>, l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 hai.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Th\u00e2n t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa t\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/strong>, l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 ba.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. V<\/strong>\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i<\/strong> t\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0<\/strong>gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9<\/strong> t\u01b0<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. V<\/strong>\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00f4 bi\u00ean th\u1ee9c, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9<\/strong> n\u0103m<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

6. V<\/strong>\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9<\/strong> s\u00e1u<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

7. V<\/strong>\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9, th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9<\/strong> b\u1ea3y<\/strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

8. V\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t <\/strong>t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, <\/strong>th\u1ec3 <\/strong>nh\u1eadp <\/strong>di\u1ec7t th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong>, th\u00e2n t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/strong> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa<\/strong>,<\/strong> \u0111\u00f3<\/strong> l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m[1]<\/strong><\/a>.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

i. Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u00e2y, ho\u1eb7c h\u1eefu s\u1eafc[2]<\/sup><\/a> qu\u00e1n c\u00e1c s\u1eafc: v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n, s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t: ch\u01b0a vi\u1ec5n ly, ch\u01b0a c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t vi\u1ec5n ly, ch\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0a c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0a di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. <\/strong>V\u1ecb \u1ea5y do \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t ch\u01b0a vi\u1ec5n ly, ch\u01b0a c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t vi\u1ec5n ly, ch\u01b0a \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0a c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, ch\u01b0a di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, do l\u1ef1c th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy thanh \u1ee9, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy n\u00f9ng l\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy c\u1ed1t t\u1ecfa, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c h\u1eefu s\u1eafc qu\u00e1n c\u00e1c s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 s\u1eafc – th\u1ecd – t\u01b0\u1edfng – h\u00e0nh – th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ii. Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 hai<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ed9i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c s\u1eafc: v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n, s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t: \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ec5n ly, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t vi\u1ec5n ly, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. <\/strong>V\u1ecb \u1ea5y do \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ec5n ly, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t vi\u1ec5n ly, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, do l\u1ef1c th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy thanh \u1ee9, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy n\u00f9ng l\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy ly t\u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy tr\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1m, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy d\u1ecb x\u00edch, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 duy c\u1ed1t t\u1ecfa. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 hai: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 s\u1eafc – th\u1ecd – t\u01b0\u1edfng – h\u00e0nh – th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

iii. Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 ba<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTh\u00e2n t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa t\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u201d: Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t n\u00e0y? Tu qu\u00e1n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00ec nh\u1eadp t\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tu qu\u00e1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i thanh th\u1ecd, nh\u01b0 thanh h\u00e0nh, thanh chi, thanh di\u1ec7p, thanh hoa, thanh qu\u1ea3, ho\u1eb7c n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i thanh y, thanh nghi\u00eam c\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u1edbng, ho\u1eb7c n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y \u0111a d\u1ea1ng thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Khi \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, do l\u1ef1c th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, t\u01b0 duy t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m, quan s\u00e1t an l\u1eadp[3]<\/a>, t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i s\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u1ef1c th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, t\u01b0 duy t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t an l\u1eadp, t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i s\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy s\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00e2m t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy s\u1eafc n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh, ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m nh\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u00e2u gi\u1eef t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, h\u1ec7 ni\u1ec7m t\u01b0 duy n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u00e0u xanh, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i phi thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u01b0 duy t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y, tinh c\u1ea7n d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn: cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c c\u1eedu tr\u1ee5, do gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eadp t\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh, tinh c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i, l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn tu h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, t\u01b0 duy s\u1eafc n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4tj \u0111i\u1ec3m, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho ti\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, t\u01b0 duy thanh n\u00e0y v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb, v\u00f4 chuy\u1ec3n, li\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp t\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1n thanh t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec qu\u00e1n ho\u00e0ng, x\u00edch, b\u1ea1ch, t\u00f9y theo ch\u1ed7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 ba: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 s\u1eafc – th\u1ecd – t\u01b0\u1edfng – h\u00e0nh – th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

iv. gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 t\u01b0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u201cV\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d, s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111ang hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edfng, g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i: Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn: \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nay trong ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y: duy ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n, n\u00f3i chi ti\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ebfn: \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, t\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cDi\u1ec7t t\u1eadn h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d, h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n, n\u00f3i chi ti\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ebfn: \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng[4]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i: t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2n nhu\u1ebf, n\u00f3i chi ti\u1ebft cho \u0111\u1ebfn: \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nay trong ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, duy ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n, n\u00f3i chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn: \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn tri[5]<\/sup><\/a> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ec5n ly, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t vi\u1ec5n ly, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c, \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea9n di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tri\u1ec1n c\u00e1i cu\u1ed9n ch\u1eb7t; nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi c\u00e1i phi l\u00fd, nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111a th\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 duy n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 duy, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 duy, do \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTh\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9\u201d. Gia h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Tu qu\u00e1n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3, do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n g\u00ec m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tu h\u00e0nh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 t\u0129nh l\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly[6]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 t\u0129nh l\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00e2m b\u1ecb t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m nh\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u00e2u gi\u1eef t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, rong ru\u1ed5i sang c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c, chuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 ni\u1ec7m, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9; t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n, l\u00e0m cho ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn: khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tinh c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i, l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn tu h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, li\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh[7]<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

v. gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 n\u0103m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

 \u201cV\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9\u201d: Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd khi \u0111i v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, t\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTh\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00f4 bi\u00ean th\u1ee9c, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9\u201d. Gia h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Tu qu\u00e1n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n g\u00ec m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tu h\u00e0nh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m b\u1ecb t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00e2m b\u1ecb t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m nh\u1eadp Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u00e2u gi\u1eef t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, rong ru\u1ed5i sang c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c, chuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 ni\u1ec7m, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9; t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n, l\u00e0m cho ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn: khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tinh c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i, l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn tu h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, li\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

vi. gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u201cV\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9\u201d: Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd khi \u0111i v\u00e0o V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, t\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTh\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9\u201d. Gia h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Tu qu\u00e1n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n g\u00ec m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tu h\u00e0nh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m b\u1ecb t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00e2m b\u1ecb t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9, n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u00e2u gi\u1eef t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, rong ru\u1ed5i sang c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c, chuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 ni\u1ec7m, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9; t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n, l\u00e0m cho ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn: khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tinh c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i, l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn tu h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, li\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

vii. gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u201cV\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9\u201d: Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd khi \u0111i v\u00e0o Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, t\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cTh\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9\u201d. Gia h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Tu qu\u00e1n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n g\u00ec m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tu h\u00e0nh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0 duy Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0 duy Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ly, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m b\u1ecb t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00e2m b\u1ecb t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, rong ru\u1ed5i sang h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 duy v\u1ec1 Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m nh\u1eadp Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u00e2u gi\u1eef t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh, khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, rong ru\u1ed5i sang c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c, chuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 ni\u1ec7m, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9; t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n, l\u00e0m cho ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, cho \u0111\u1ebfn: khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tinh c\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i, l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn tu h\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn b\u1edfi gia h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp, th\u01b0\u1eddng tu, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5, ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5, t\u1eadp trung, d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i, gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t ni\u1ec7m khi\u1ebfn cho thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u01b0 duy Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n, li\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

viii. gi\u1ea3i th\u00e1t th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u201cV\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9\u201d: Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd khi \u0111i v\u00e0o T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, t\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNh\u1eadp T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa\u201d: Gia h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Tu qu\u00e1n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3, do ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n g\u00ec m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p tu h\u00e0nh, b\u1ea5t nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, b\u1ea5t d\u1ee5c t\u01b0 gi\u00e1c m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y: \u201cL\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u01b0a sinh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng sinh? T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 sinh th\u00ec t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u00ecnh di\u1ec7t?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng nguy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n t\u01b0 gi\u00e1c m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y: \u201cL\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u01b0a sinh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng sinh? T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 sinh th\u00ec t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u00ecnh di\u1ec7t?\u201d N\u00ean t\u00f9y t\u00e2m s\u1edf nguy\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 khi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn cho t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd ch\u01b0a sinh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng sinh, t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 sinh th\u00ec t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u00ecnh di\u1ec7t. Ngay m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m: trong th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t, trong th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: t\u1ee9c trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, d\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, d\u1ecb c\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong \u0111\u00e2y, t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t? Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t? Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh, an t\u0129nh, ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd, d\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, d\u1ecb c\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh: t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng \u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i, t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n, th\u00e2n s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

[1]<\/a> Skt. a\u1e63\u1e6dau vimok\u1e63\u0101\u1e25 | r\u016bp\u012b r\u016bp\u0101\u1e47i pa\u015byaty aya\u1e43 prathamo vimok\u1e63a\u1e25 | adhy\u0101tmam ar\u016bpasa\u1e43j\u00f1\u012b bahirdh\u0101 r\u016bp\u0101\u1e47i pa\u015byaty aya\u1e43 dvit\u012byo vimok\u1e63a\u1e25 | \u015bubha\u1e43 vimok\u1e63a\u1e43 k\u0101yena s\u0101k\u1e63\u0101tk\u1e5btvopasa\u1e43padya viharaty aya\u1e43 t\u1e5bt\u012byo vimok\u1e63a\u1e25 | punar apara\u1e43 bhik\u1e63u\u1e25 sarva\u015bo r\u016bpasa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101n\u0101\u1e43 samatikram\u0101t pratighasa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101n\u0101m asta\u1e45gam\u0101n n\u0101n\u0101tvasa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101n\u0101m amanasik\u0101r\u0101d anantam \u0101k\u0101\u015bam \u0101k\u0101\u015b\u0101nanty\u0101yatanam upasa\u1e43padya viharati | aya\u1e43 caturtho vimok\u1e63a\u1e25 | punar apara\u1e43 bhik\u1e63u\u1e25 sarva\u015ba \u0101k\u0101\u015b\u0101nanty\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikramy\u0101nanta\u1e43 vij\u00f1\u0101na\u1e43 vij\u00f1\u0101n\u0101nanty\u0101yatanam upasampadya viharati | aya\u1e43 pa\u00f1camo vimok\u1e63a\u1e25 | punar apara\u1e43 bhik\u1e63u\u1e25 sarva\u015bo vij\u00f1\u0101n\u0101nanty\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikramya n\u0101sti ki\u00f1cid ity \u0101ki\u00f1cany\u0101yatanam upasampadya viharati | aya\u1e43 \u1e63a\u1e63\u1e6dho vimok\u1e63a\u1e25 | punar apara\u1e43 bhik\u1e63u\u1e25 sarva\u015ba \u0101ki\u00f1ca ny\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikramya naivasa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101n\u0101sa \u1e43j\u00f1\u0101yatanam upasa\u1e43padya viharati | aya\u1e43 saptamo vimok\u1e63a\u1e25 | punar apara\u1e43 bhik\u1e63u\u1e25 sarva\u015bo naivasa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101n\u0101sa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikramya sa\u1e43j\u00f1\u0101vedayitanirodha\u1e43 k\u0101yena s\u0101k\u1e63\u012bk\u1e5btvopasa\u1e43padya viharaty ayam a\u1e63\u1e6damo vimok\u1e63a\u1e25<\/em>; Ch\u00fang t\u1eadp<\/em>: \u201ct\u00e1m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: 1. S\u1eafc qu\u00e1n s\u1eafc gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. 2. N\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. 3. T\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. 4. V\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edfng, di\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1edfng, an tr\u00fa h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. 5. V\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 an tr\u00fa h\u01b0 th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. 6. V\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 antr\u00fa v\u00f4 h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. 7. V\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 an tr\u00fa phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. 8. V\u01b0\u1ee3t phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, an tr\u00fa di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.\u201d Tham chi\u1ebfu P\u0101li: A\u1e6d\u1e6dha vimokkh\u0101. R\u016bp\u012b r\u016bp\u0101ni passati. Aya\u1e43 pa\u1e6dhamo vimokkho. Ajjhatta\u1e43 ar\u016bpasa\u00f1\u00f1\u012b bahiddh\u0101 r\u016bp\u0101ni passati. Aya\u1e43 dutiyo vimokkho. Subhanteva adhimutto hoti. Aya\u1e43 tatiyo vimokkho. Sabbaso r\u016bpasa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101na\u1e43 samatikkam\u0101 pa\u1e6dighasa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101na\u1e43 attha\u1e45gam\u0101 n\u0101nattasa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101na\u1e43 amanasik\u0101r\u0101 \u2018ananto \u0101k\u0101so\u2019ti \u0101k\u0101s\u0101na\u00f1c\u0101yatana\u1e43 upasampajja viharati. Aya\u1e43 catuttho vimokkho. Sabbaso \u0101k\u0101s\u0101na\u00f1c\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikkamma \u2018ananta\u1e43 vi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\u1e47an\u2019ti vi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a\u00f1c\u0101yatana\u1e43 upasampajja viharati. Aya\u1e43 pa\u00f1camo vimokkho. Sabbaso vi\u00f1\u00f1\u0101\u1e47a\u00f1c\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikkamma \u2018natthi ki\u00f1c\u012b\u2019ti \u0101ki\u00f1ca\u00f1\u00f1\u0101yatana\u1e43 upasampajja viharati. Aya\u1e43 cha\u1e6d\u1e6dho vimokkho. Sabbaso \u0101ki\u00f1ca\u00f1\u00f1\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikkamma nevasa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101n\u0101sa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101yatana\u1e43 upasampajja viharati. Aya\u1e43 sattamo vimokkho. Sabbaso nevasa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101n\u0101sa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101yatana\u1e43 samatikkamma sa\u00f1\u00f1\u0101vedayitanirodha\u1e43 upasampajja viharati. Aya\u1e43 a\u1e6d\u1e6dhamo vimokkho.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> \u6709\u8272 h\u1eefu s\u1eafc, Skt. r\u016bpitva<\/em>, Tib. gzugs can<\/em>, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, Ko\u015ba<\/em> iii<\/em>: na atra r\u016bpam asti ity ar\u016bpa\u1e25, ar\u016bpasya bh\u0101va \u0101r\u016bpyam, r\u016bpa\u1e47\u012byo v\u0101 r\u016bpya\u1e25<\/em>, \u201cs\u1eafc ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1i, ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n\u201d. T\u1eeb r\u016bpa\u1e47\u012byo=b\u0101dh\u0101n\u012bya <\/em>(Abhidh-k-vy<\/em>), bi\u1ebfn ng\u1ea1i hay bi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i; s\u1eafc\/r\u016bpa<\/em>, c\u00e1i c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a theo \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u0103n \u221arup\/ <\/em>\u221alup<\/em>: g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i; ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a theo \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u0103n \u221ar\u016bp<\/em>: t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng. Abhidh-k-vy<\/em>: r\u016bpa\u1e47a\u1e43 r\u016bpa\u1e43. tad e\u1e63\u0101m ast\u012bti r\u016bpi\u1e47a\u1e25<\/em>, \u201cs\u1eafc c\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i; c\u00e1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u00f3 s\u1eafc (r\u016bpi\u1e47a<\/em>)\u201d. Thu\u1eadn ch\u00e1nh l\u00fd<\/em> 4<\/em>, tr. 348b23: \u201cbi\u1ebfn ng\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn ng\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu s\u1eafc\u201d. T\u00ec-b\u00e0-sa 128<\/em>, tr. 666a14: \u201cv\u00ec s\u1eafc th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn ng\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a, c\u00f3 s\u1eafc ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu s\u1eafc\u201d, op.cit. q.137, tr. 707a15 (T\u1eadp d\u1ecb m\u00f4n 17<\/em>, tr. 437c25-27): \u201cNgh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 s\u1eafc kh\u1ea3 li\u1ec5u, c\u00f3 s\u1eafc th\u00e2n, c\u00f3 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi x\u1ee9 u\u1ea9n, c\u00f3 s\u1eafc thi thi\u1ebft, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu s\u1eafc\u201d, op.cit. 200, tr. 998c26: \u201cK\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3, l\u1ea5y s\u1eafc l\u00e0m t\u00ednh th\u1ec3, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu s\u1eafc\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> \u5b89\u7acb an l\u1eadp, Skt. prati\u1e63\u1e6dh\u0101pana<\/em>, Tib. bzhag pa<\/em>: \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3, thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> Abhidh-k-vy<\/em>: yatraika\u1e43 sapratigha\u1e43 vastu tatra dvit\u012byasyotpattir na bhavati<\/em>, \u201cn\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9 hai\u201d. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t: T\u01b0\u1edbng (\u0101k\u0101ra<\/em>) t\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u1ec9 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (c\u1ee7a n\u00f3) v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng (lak\u1e63a\u1e47a<\/em>) l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u00ednh hay \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng (nimitta<\/em>) l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u hay t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> \u0110o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn tri \u65b7\u904d\u77e5, Skt. prah\u0101\u1e47a-parij\u00f1\u0101<\/em>; Tib. spong ba yongs su shes pa<\/em>. Ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed 2<\/em>, tr. 924 c: \u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn tri? C\u00e1c tham \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb, s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb\u201d. P\u0101li: pah\u0101na-pari\u00f1\u00f1\u0101<\/em>: \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> \u9ea4\u82e6\u969c; \u975c\u5999\u96e2; Skt. aud\u0101rika-du\u1e25khila-sth\u016blabhittika; \u015b\u0101ntata\u1e25, pra\u1e47\u012btata\u1e25, ni\u1e25sara\u1e47ata\u015b<\/em>; S\u00e1u h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng (\u0101k\u0101ra<\/em>) trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1eefu l\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea1o. Qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t h\u1ea1 gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi ba h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng: th\u00f4 (aud\u0101rikatas<\/em>), kh\u1ed5 (du\u1e25khilatas<\/em>), ch\u01b0\u1edbng (sth\u016blabhittikatas<\/em>); th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi ba h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng: t\u0129nh (\u015b\u0101ntatas<\/em>), di\u1ec7u (pra\u1e47\u012btatas<\/em>), ly (ni\u1e25sara\u1e47atas<\/em>). Do qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ba ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba tr\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n ph\u1ee5c. C\u00e2u-x\u00e1 24<\/em>, tr. 127c19.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> Ph\u00e1p u\u1ea9n<\/em> (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t t\u1eadp I), gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam: \u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c T\u00e2m-\u00dd-Th\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c b\u1edfi t\u00e2m \u00fd, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0, s\u1ebd t\u01b0, hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n t\u01b0, c\u00e1c t\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u01b0, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m , \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, s\u1ebd th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i c\u00e2u h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c Th\u1ecd, ho\u1eb7c T\u01b0\u1edfng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn: ho\u1eb7c Tu\u1ec7 v.v\u2026 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p c\u00e2u h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=yFIDvcGQy7U\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Video c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 kinh b\u00e1t ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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