{"id":6628,"date":"2020-11-27T02:37:28","date_gmt":"2020-11-26T19:37:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/11\/27\/57-phat-giao-truyen-sang-sri-lanka-tich-lan-thu-vien-sach\/"},"modified":"2020-11-27T02:37:28","modified_gmt":"2020-11-26T19:37:28","slug":"57-phat-giao-truyen-sang-sri-lanka-tich-lan-thu-vien-sach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/11\/27\/57-phat-giao-truyen-sang-sri-lanka-tich-lan-thu-vien-sach\/","title":{"rendered":"57. Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n sang Sri Lanka (T\u00edch Lan) &#8211; Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n s\u00e1ch"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> [ad_1]<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div itemprop=\"description\">\n<div style=\"margin: 5px; float: none; text-align: left;\" class=\"nw_image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/images\/file\/NIpnjd0u0AgBALNJ\/phatthichca2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"phatthichca2\" alt=\"phatthichca2\" data-info=\"390,446\" style=\"float: none; text-align: left; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display: block; clear: both;\" src=\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/01-Loi-mo-dau-Thu-vien-sach.gif\" height=\"200\" width=\"175\" class=\"imglazy imgcontent\" data-original=\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/01-Loi-mo-dau-Thu-vien-sach.jpg\"\/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"phatthichca2\" alt=\"phatthichca2\" data-info=\"390,446\" style=\"float: none; text-align: left; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; display: block; clear: both;\" src=\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/01-Loi-mo-dau-Thu-vien-sach.jpg\" height=\"200\" width=\"175\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><\/div>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><b>S\u1ef1 T\u00edch \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca <\/b><\/span><br \/><span style=\"color: #980000;\"><i>So\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3 : Minh Thi\u1ec7n Tr\u1ea7n H\u1eefu Danh<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><b>(\u1ea4n b\u1ea3n 09\/2010, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac)<\/b><\/p>\n<h3>5- Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n sang Sri Lanka (T\u00edch Lan)<a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftn1\" title=\"\"><b>[1]<\/b><\/a><\/h3>\n<h4>Vua Asoka (tr\u1ecb v\u00ec -272 \/ -236)<\/h4>\n<p>N\u0103m 326 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf <i>Alexander the Great<\/i>(-356 \/ -323) c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 Macedonia, h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft gia Aristotle, x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Taksasila (ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Taxila). Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m -323, Alexander b\u0103ng h\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Babylon, l\u00fac m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 32 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u1ea5y, <i>Candragupta Maurya<\/i>, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <i>Sandrocatus<\/i>, n\u1ed5i d\u1eady t\u1ea1i b\u1eafc \u1ea4n, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Alexander, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng lu\u00f4n vua <i>Nand\u00e0<\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftn2\" title=\"\"><i><b>[2]<\/b><\/i><\/a>c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 \u1ea4n v\u00e0o n\u0103m -316, l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Mauryan (Moriyan), l\u1ea5y P\u00e0taliputta (Patna) l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. Candragupta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia xem l\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Candragupta truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i cho con l\u00e0 Bindusara. Vua Bindusara truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i l\u1ea1i cho con l\u00e0 <i>Devanapiyena Piyadasina<\/i>, t\u00ean l\u00e0 <i>Asokavadanaputta<\/i>, g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 <i>Asoka<\/i>, v\u00e0o n\u0103m -272. Vua Asoka, sanh n\u0103m -304 t\u1ea1i Pataliputta, m\u1ea5t n\u0103m -232 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1i Pataliputta. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 V\u01b0\u01a1ng cai tr\u1ecb v\u00f9ng Taxila v\u00e0 Ujjain. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y Asoka \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbi con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 Deva t\u1ea1i Vedisa t\u00ean l\u00e0 <i>Maharami Devi<\/i>, v\u00e0 sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con trai t\u00ean <i>Mah\u00ecnda<\/i>v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i t\u00ean <i>Sanghamitta<\/i>, nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n anh hai tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<p>Vua Asoka l\u00ean ng\u00f4i n\u0103m -272, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf h\u0103ng say chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i l\u00e0 Candragupta. V\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m sau khi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, n\u0103m -264, \u00f4ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm x\u1ee9 Kalinga, nam \u1ea4n. Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho 100.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 150.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m t\u00f9 binh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft oan c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n. Sau tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Kalinga, vua Asoka c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0103n n\u0103n h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn, n\u0103m -260 \u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t t\u1edd h\u1ecbch b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m t\u1eeb b\u1ecf chi\u1ebfn tranh. Nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb sa di A-la-h\u00e1n Nigrodha, ch\u00e1u g\u1ecdi Asoka b\u1eb1ng ch\u00fa, gi\u1ea3ng cho vua Asoka m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c. Vua Asoka li\u1ec1n ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o, tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua r\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n ch\u00fang m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 Dhamm\u00e0soka. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 vua Asoka t\u1eeb b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh (dig-vijaya), v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u201cnh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p\u201d (dhamma-vijaya). \u00d4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh, th\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 <i>Moggaliputta Tissa<\/i><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftn3\" title=\"\"><i><b>[3]<\/b><\/i><\/a>l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tinh th\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda cu\u1ed9c <i>ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 3<\/i>t\u1ea1i P\u00e0taliputta v\u00e0o n\u0103m -252. <i>Vua Asoka l\u1ea1i nh\u1edd \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i chi\u00eam b\u00e1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u00edch, m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i vua \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 cho d\u1ef1ng tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m, l\u00e0m di t\u00edch mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi cho h\u1eadu th\u1ebf<\/i>. <i>Vua Asoka truy\u1ec1n gom t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 x\u00e1 l\u1ee3i Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i, chia \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh 84.000 ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ef1ng trong 84.000 c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t l\u00edt, tr\u00ean n\u1eafp c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t con s\u01b0 t\u1eed<\/i>, r\u1ed3i giao cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 \u0111i ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y th\u00e1p th\u1edd \u1edf r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong x\u1ee9 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u1edf x\u1ee9 ngo\u00e0i. Vua Asoka l\u1ea1i cho c\u1ea3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con l\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda v\u00e0 Sanghamitta mang kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u1eeba m\u1edbi ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh ph\u00eda nam c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 sang tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i Sri Lanka (T\u00edch Lan) \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n<h4>Vua Devanampiya Tissa<\/h4>\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed x\u1ee9 Sri Lanka b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y <i>Vijaya<\/i>\u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m vua t\u1eeb n\u0103m 543 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e2y l\u1ecbch. Vua Vijaya \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbi con g\u00e1i vua Pandya x\u1ee9 Mathura b\u00ean \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u x\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c b\u00ean \u1ea4n d\u1ed9. C\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Mah\u00e0vamsa (\u0110\u1ea1i S\u1eed) , Dipavamsa (\u0110\u1ea3o S\u1eed) v\u00e0 Samant\u00e0pasadika (Ch\u00fa Gi\u1ea3i T\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt) \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng <i>ba cu\u1ed9c vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt S\u00e0kyamuni v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, n\u0103m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m v\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m sau ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>Vua <i>Devanampiya Tissa<\/i>x\u1ee9 Sri Lanka c\u00f3 giao h\u1ea3o th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi vua Asoka. M\u1eb7t d\u00f9 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t nhau, nh\u01b0ng qua c\u00e1c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ngo\u1ea1i giao m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng vua Devanampiya Tissa v\u00e0 vua Asoka (Devanapiyena Piyadasina) l\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n. S\u1eed s\u00e1ch ghi r\u1eb1ng sau khi ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea9m qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a vua Devanampiya Tissa, vua Asoka g\u1edfi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi b\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00e2y :<\/p>\n<p><i>\u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 quy y Tam B\u1ea3o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 quy y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng trong Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i. Ch\u00ednh t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n t\u00edn c\u01b0 s\u0129 trong Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch Ca. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, \u0110\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4i ! Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00e3y l\u1ea5y ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e0 c\u1ea3i h\u00f3a t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh, h\u00e3y quy y v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt \u1edf th\u1ebf gian.\u201d<\/i><\/p>\n<h4>\u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Mah\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda<\/h4>\n<p>Khi v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kheo Mah\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda, con trai vua Asoka, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0 Moggaliputta Tissa ph\u00e1i sang Sri Lanka \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u01a1 s\u1edf Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o (Buddha Sasana) t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec ng\u00e0i mang theo Tam T\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u1eeba ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba, r\u1eddi t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n Asokar\u00e0ma t\u1ea1i P\u00e0taliputta (Patna), \u0111i Vedisa th\u0103m m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 Devi. C\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo Ittiya, Uttiya, Sambala v\u00e0 Bhaddas\u00e0la, v\u1ecb sa di Sumana, v\u00e0 v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 Bhanduka, ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Vedisa Devi. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tu ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t t\u00e0i. M\u1ed7i ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 5 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t gia truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi (upasampada).<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi \u1edf l\u1ea1i Vedisa m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i Sri Lanka. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 252 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3i Missaka, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Anuradhapura 12 km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. G\u1eb7p nh\u1eb1m ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c l\u1ec5, vua Devanampiya Tissa \u0111ang s\u0103n b\u1eafn vui ch\u01a1i, th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh th\u1ea5y n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c c\u00e0-sa v\u00e0ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i t\u1edbi. Nh\u00e0 vua gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh, ng\u00e0i Mah\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda li\u1ec1n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e1 ch\u00e0o v\u00e0 tr\u1ea5n an :<\/p>\n<p>\u2013 T\u00e2u \u0110\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u01b0, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a v\u00ec vua Ch\u00e2n L\u00fd. V\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1eeb Jambudipa<a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftn4\" title=\"\">[4]<\/a>\u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y.<a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftn5\" title=\"\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eadn t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a vua, vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb1ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p. X\u00e1 l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd trong b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p Thupar\u00e0ma Dagaba t\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Anuradhapura. Nh\u00e0 vua d\u00e2ng c\u00fang c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Mah\u00e0 Meghavana l\u00e0m tinh x\u00e1 cho Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a ch\u00e1nh Mah\u00e0 Vihara \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. V\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 uy\u00ean th\u00e2m. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ng\u00e0i Buddhaghosa (Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m) t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 423, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt, trong khi l\u01b0u ng\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y. Sri Lanka (T\u00edch Lan) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam T\u00f4ng sang Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Th\u00e1i Lan, Kampuchea, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Indonesia (Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n<h4>Ni s\u01b0 Sanghamitta<\/h4>\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau ng\u00e0y ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o do \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Mah\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebfn Sri Lanka, c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111\u1ebfn nghe thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 xin xu\u1ea5t gia ho\u1eb7c quy y Tam B\u1ea3o. B\u00e0 Anula, th\u1ee9 phi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u00f3 V\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ean Mah\u00e0n\u00e0ga, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng th\u1ecb n\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn nghe ph\u00e1p, c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m xin \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Mah\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda cho xu\u1ea5t gia. Nh\u01b0ng theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, m\u1ed9t t\u1ef3 kheo kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec l\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t gia cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang T\u1ef3 kheo ni \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t gia (T\u1ea1ng Lu\u1eadt, Ti\u1ec3u Ph\u1ea9m, t\u1eadp 2: 519, 573-580). Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Mah\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi vua Devanampiya Tissa m\u1eddi em ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 T\u1ef3 kheo ni Sanghamitta \u0111\u1ebfn Sri Lanka \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t gia cho h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i T\u1ef3 Kheo Ni.<\/p>\n<p>Vua Devanampiya Tissa r\u1ea5t hoan h\u1ec9 g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Asoka m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n do v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n Arittha h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng mong m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Mah\u00e0 Mah\u00ecnda v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vua cha ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, T\u1ef3 kheo ni Sanghamitta chi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh nh\u1ecf\u00a0h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u01a1i Ph\u1eadt th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 mang theo sang Sri Lanka. C\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi T\u1ef3 kheo ni Sanghamitta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 11 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo ni kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb c\u00f3 tu ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t t\u00e0i. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quan \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c ho\u00e0ng th\u00e2n, c\u00e1c th\u00e2n h\u00e0o nh\u00e2n s\u0129 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng, th\u00e1p t\u00f9ng theo cung nghinh c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 con. Theo s\u1eed s\u00e1ch, bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t long tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ni s\u01b0 Sanghamitta v\u00e0 c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 con ra \u0111i t\u1eeb h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng Tamralipti (Tamluk). Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Asoka \u0111\u01b0a con ra t\u1eadn b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ee9ng nh\u00ecn \u0111o\u00e0n thuy\u1ec1n xa d\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi khu\u1ea5t d\u1ea1ng<a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftn6\" title=\"\">[6]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 251 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, sau b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n, thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3ng Jambukola, mi\u1ec1n b\u1eafc x\u1ee9 Sri Lanka. Vua Devanampiya Tissa \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u01a1i nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 con trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng long tr\u1ecdng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 10 ng\u00e0y. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 10, c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5 xe trang nghi\u00eam, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n xe linh \u0111\u00ecnh cung nghinh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Anuradhapura. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 long tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 <i>tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i tinh x\u00e1 Mah\u00e0 Meghavana<\/i>. \u0110\u1ebfn nay c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n sum s\u00ea t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t, ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1eb1ng tri\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u00eam b\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<div><br clear=\"all\"\/><\/p>\n<hr align=\"left\" size=\"1\" width=\"33%\"\/>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftnref1\" title=\"\">[1]<\/a>Xem Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Nh\u00ecn To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n, trang 569 &#8211; 590.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftnref2\" title=\"\">[2]<\/a>Theo The Life of Buddha as Legend and History, trang 168-171, th\u00ec c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u vua l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 : <b>Bimbis\u00e0ra<\/b>55 n\u0103m (-608\/-553), <b>Aj\u00e0tasattu<\/b>22 n\u0103m (-553\/-531), <b>Udayabhadda<\/b>16 n\u0103m (-531\/-515), <b>Anuruddhaka<\/b>+ <b>Munda<\/b>8 n\u0103m (-515\/-507), <b>N\u00e0gadasaka<\/b>24 n\u0103m (-507\/-483); (\u0110\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng vua); <b>Susun\u00e0ga<\/b>18 n\u0103m (-483\/-465), <b>Kalasoka<\/b>28 n\u0103m (-465\/-437), 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi em c\u1ee7a Kalasoka 22 n\u0103m (-437\/-415); (\u0110\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng vua); 9 \u0111\u1eddi <b>Nand\u00e0<\/b>99 n\u0103m (-415\/-316); (\u0110\u1ed5i d\u00f2ng vua); <b>Candragupta <\/b>d\u00f2ng Moriya 24 n\u0103m (-316\/-292), <b>Bindusara<\/b>28 n\u0103m (-292\/-272), <b>Asoka<\/b>36 n\u0103m (-272\/-236).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftnref3\" title=\"\">[3]<\/a>Theo quy\u1ec3n Lumbini a Haven of Sacred Refuge, trang 118 v\u00e0 125, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh T\u1ed5 Th\u1ee9 T\u01b0 l\u00e0 Upagupta \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn vua Asoka \u0111i chi\u00eam b\u00e1i c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u00edch. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a 2 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u00ec thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftnref4\" title=\"\">[4]<\/a><i>Jambudipa<\/i>l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/#_ftnref6\" title=\"\">[6]<\/a>L\u1ec5 ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0 cung nghinh c\u00e2y B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong hai b\u1ee9c tranh l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ed5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1i c\u1ed5ng ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng <i>\u0111\u1ec1n Sanchi<\/i>, m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o quan tr\u1ecdng g\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn BHOPAL, thu\u1ed9c ti\u1ec3u bang Madhya Pradesh c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[ad_2]<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/quangduc.com\/p157a52325\/57-phat-giao-truyen-sang-sri-lanka-tich-lan\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[ad_1] S\u1ef1 T\u00edch \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca So\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3 : Minh Thi\u1ec7n Tr\u1ea7n H\u1eefu Danh (\u1ea4n b\u1ea3n 09\/2010, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac) 5- Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o truy\u1ec1n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6602,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[170],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-6628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-thoi-ky-duc-phat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6628","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6628"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6628\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6628"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6628"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6628"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=6628"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}