{"id":6743,"date":"2020-11-30T22:58:51","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T15:58:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/11\/30\/hoang-de-asoka-gia-tu-chinh-chien-voi-noi-thong-kho-cua-nguoi-thang-tran\/"},"modified":"2020-11-30T22:58:51","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T15:58:51","slug":"hoang-de-asoka-gia-tu-chinh-chien-voi-noi-thong-kho-cua-nguoi-thang-tran","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/11\/30\/hoang-de-asoka-gia-tu-chinh-chien-voi-noi-thong-kho-cua-nguoi-thang-tran\/","title":{"rendered":"Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf Asoka gi\u00e3 t\u1eeb chinh chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch v\u00f9ng Dhauligiri, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf trong bang Orissa, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u01a1i d\u1eady k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 Bhubaneswar c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n n\u00e0y ch\u1eebng 10 km, l\u00e0ng Dhaulirigi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 con l\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n g\u00f2. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch<\/span> chi\u00eam b\u00e1i<\/span> hay m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh<\/span>, c\u1ea3 hai v\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. B\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edfm ch\u1edfm<\/span> v\u00e0 con l\u1ea1ch kia l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a<\/span> m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng<\/span> vi\u1ec5n chinh c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3<\/span> nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u00e1i<\/span> tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> (A-d\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ed5 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> Asoka (A-d\u1ee5c v\u01b0\u01a1ng 273 – 236 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean<\/span>) ti\u1ebfp theo<\/span> sau tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Kalinga l\u1eaby l\u1eebng, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn b\u1ea1o t\u00e0n nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea4n. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 231 tr\u01b0\u1edbc CN, tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Kalinga \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 100.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft<\/span>, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong v\u00e0 150.000 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft<\/span> l\u00e0m t\u00f9 binh. Ng\u00e0y nay, v\u00f9ng Dhauligiri lu\u00f4n nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn cho h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafng l\u00f2ng suy ngh\u0129<\/span> th\u1eadt s\u00e2u s\u1eafc.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Dhauligiri r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, phi c\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Bhubaneswar, n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Delhi, Calcutta, Bombay, Hyderabad v\u00e0 Bangalore. Nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u si\u00eau t\u1ed1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn Bhubaneswar t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/span> l\u1edbn kh\u1eafp \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>. M\u1ecdi ti\u1ec7n nghi<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n do C\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Du l\u1ecbch Orissa qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/span> ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tr\u1ecd t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n. Xe bu\u00fdt v\u00e0 taxi, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/span> ngay t\u1ea1i Bhubaneswar \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Dhauligiri v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh<\/span> thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch trong v\u00f9ng quanh \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ra v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Trong khi theo \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span> b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1o t\u00e0n, ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> Asoka \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi ph\u00eda. Th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn do v\u1ecb Ti\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb Persia (Iran ng\u00e0y nay) \u0111\u1ebfn Nam \u1ea4n. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Kalinga. C\u00e1c s\u1eed gia cho r\u1eb1ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> – V\u0103n h\u00e0o<\/span> H. G. Wells c\u00f2n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/span> ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 s\u1edf n\u00e0y<\/i>“.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Song Kalinga l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf Asoka. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp trong l\u00f2ng \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn chinh m\u00e3i m\u00e3i<\/span>, v\u00ec ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0103n n\u0103n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111em h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ra s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb<\/span> bi kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ea3 bi\u00ean th\u00f9y \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> m\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> bao \u0111\u1eddi sau!<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

S\u1eebng s\u1eefng<\/span> gi\u1eefa di t\u00edch<\/span> \u1edf Dhauligiri l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> oai nghi<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebdo b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 t\u00e0ng, d\u1ec5 thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch chi\u00eam b\u00e1i<\/span>. Th\u1ea1ch t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> d\u00e1ng cao c\u1ea3, \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e2m l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kinh ho\u00e0ng<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng con su\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf kia t\u00ean l\u00e0 Daya (T\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span>) c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nhu\u1ed9m th\u1eafm m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e0o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c t\u00e0n s\u00e1t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 th\u1eddi \u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ee9ng b\u00ean b\u1edd su\u1ed1i, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> nh\u01b0 con su\u1ed1i kia ch\u1ea3y l\u1edd \u0111\u1edd v\u00ec n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ecfi m\u00f2n ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i \u0111au do cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Kalinga g\u00e2y n\u00ean. T\u00e0n t\u00edch Dhauligiri v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3, su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> bao th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 h\u1eadu lai<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> phi th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> nh\u1ea5t trong bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/span> tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf Asoka \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> t\u1eeb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb<\/span> bi \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e2m<\/span> to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span>, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0 duy<\/span> l\u1eabn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi uy quy\u1ec1n<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n, ch\u01b0 h\u1ea7u kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> v\u00e0 ki\u00eang oai. Song n\u1ed7i th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5<\/span> do cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Kalinga g\u00e2y ra qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf Asoka \u0111\u1ea7y \u0103n n\u0103n<\/span> li\u1ec1n \u0111i t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p v\u1ecb danh<\/span> T\u0103ng th\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 T\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> Upagupta. Ng\u00e0i ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u<\/span> v\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ng\u00e0i s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an<\/span> trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a<\/span> ng\u00e0i, thu h\u00fat ng\u00e0i m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t. Trong m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> B\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i<\/span> (Ahinisa) v\u00e0 T\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> (metta) l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, ng\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t xa x\u00f4i v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ban c\u00e1c s\u1eafc d\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> thi\u1ec7n s\u01b0 n\u00e0y cho to\u00e0n d\u00e2n th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. C\u00e1c s\u1eed gia xem \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf Asoka l\u00e0 v\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ban h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1eafc d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span> l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cao c\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

S\u1eed gia \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c<\/span>, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/span> Radha K. Moorkerji, chia c\u00e1c s\u1eafc d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i. Lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 “S\u1eafc d\u1ee5 Kalinga<\/i>“; bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n s\u1eafc d\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc d\u1ee5 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> v\u00f9ng Dhauligiri n\u00e0y. S\u1eafc d\u1ee5 XIII kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a vua Asoka v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, m\u00e0 theo l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i, l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7y l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn Kalinga n\u00e0y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u00e0i c\u1ea7u mong m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng<\/span> b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i<\/span>, t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e2n \u00e1i<\/span>. Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> “chinh ph\u1ee5c<\/span> b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed<\/i>” tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p<\/span>. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00e0i theo \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed3ng t\u00edn<\/span>, m\u00e0 th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf Asoka, an l\u1ea1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. Ng\u00e0i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span> : “T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 con ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Tr\u1eabm v\u00e0 v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> Tr\u1eabm \u01b0\u1edbc mong<\/span> c\u00e1c con Tr\u1eabm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 an l\u1ea1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> ph\u00fac trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u1eabn \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>, Tr\u1eabm c\u0169ng \u01b0\u1edbc mong<\/span> m\u1ecdi th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 nguy\u1ec7n”.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 vua cai tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb, ng\u00e0i cho ph\u00e9p<\/span> m\u1ecdi tri\u1ec1u th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1eadn v\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea5u ng\u00e0i m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c<\/span> t\u1eeb qu\u1ed1c s\u1ef1<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2n t\u00ecnh<\/span> v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u00e0o, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u00e0i \u1edf trong c\u00e1c h\u1eadu cung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng phi<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

L\u00e0 v\u1ecb vua s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp<\/span> ra m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>, ng\u00e0i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh v\u1ecb tha<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m<\/span> gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> qua c\u00e1c s\u1eafc d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn ph\u00e1n b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n “N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 ca ng\u1ee3i<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u00ea bai c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00e1c th\u00ec ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i<\/span> m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng”.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u00fang gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, vua Asoka n\u00eau b\u1eadt t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> thi\u00eang li\u00eang<\/span> c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eefa lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u1ea3<\/span> v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt. Ng\u00e0i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span> “Kh\u00f4ng sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i hay \u0111em ra t\u1ebf l\u1ec5 trong qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> Tr\u1eabm”.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt<\/span>, vua Asoka \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00ecnh – kho\u1ea3ng hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean – sau tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Kalinga \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> thu\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh<\/span>. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eed gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, song m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ng\u00e0i theo \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> trong th\u1eddi h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch<\/span> chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 v\u00f9ng Dhauligiri ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0i<\/span> r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf r\u1ea5t m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. N\u00f3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> t\u1eeb xa nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng t\u00edch<\/span> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c m\u01b0u t\u00ecm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebf Asoka qua \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. C\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eam b\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00f9ng Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> cao c\u1ea3 n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Song \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c vua Asoka \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7<\/span> y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng<\/span> h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cao c\u1ea3. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> qu\u1ed1c huy n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb Th\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee5<\/span> Asoka c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u1ed1n con s\u01b0 t\u1eed<\/span> l\u1edbn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean<\/span>. D\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c huy l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m<\/span>: Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng (Satyameva Jyate). C\u0169ng v\u1eady, h\u00ecnh b\u00e1nh xe v\u1edbi 24 c\u0103m xe m\u00e0 xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c k\u1ef3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Lu\u00e2n (Dharma Cakka) tr\u00ean Th\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee5<\/span> Asoka. B\u00e1nh xe n\u1eb1m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh hoa sen<\/span> n\u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh tr\u1ee5.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00e1c t\u00e0n t\u00edch tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn Kalinga, c\u00e1c Th\u1ea1ch tr\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee7a vua Asoka v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0i<\/span> \u1edf Dhauligiri t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng<\/span> ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> ng\u00e0i: giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ng\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/span> qua \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho ch\u00ednh ng\u00e0i c\u00f9ng h\u1eadu th\u1ebf<\/span>. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c<\/span> cho qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e3i m\u00e3i<\/span> v\u1ec1 sau.\/.<\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/p>\n

\n <\/b><\/i><\/p>\n

GOP\u00c1L SEXNA (Realist Budhhist, 1993) <\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] Nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch v\u00f9ng Dhauligiri, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf trong bang Orissa, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u01a1i d\u1eady k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6744,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-6743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6743"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6743\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6744"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6743"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6743"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6743"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=6743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}