{"id":6821,"date":"2020-12-01T00:17:24","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T17:17:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/01\/tinh-than-pha-chap-upadana\/"},"modified":"2020-12-01T00:17:24","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T17:17:24","slug":"tinh-than-pha-chap-upadana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/01\/tinh-than-pha-chap-upadana\/","title":{"rendered":"Tinh th\u1ea7n ph\u00e1 ch\u1ea5p (Upad\u00e0na)"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/span>: \u201cM\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> hoan h\u1ef7<\/span> \u0111\u00f3n m\u1eebng, ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, th\u00ec th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> tham, s\u00e2n nghi, ki\u1ebfn m\u1ea1n, h\u1eefu tham<\/span>, \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi, b\u1eb1ng g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o; \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn l\u00fd gi\u00e1n ng\u1eef, v\u1ecdng ng\u1eef<\/span>. C\u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u01b0 t\u00e0n\u201d(1)<\/sup>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn<\/span>; t\u00f9y theo<\/span> m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> nh\u01b0: gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, gi\u1eefa \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, gi\u1eefa t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>, gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span>, gi\u1eefa s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, v.v\u2026 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t an<\/span>, \u0111i\u00eau linh<\/span> cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> bi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> tr\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1<\/span>, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng<\/span> b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee9c, tu t\u1eadp<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0nh, gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>, ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh trang, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> ho\u00e0n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/span> cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201cPh\u1eadt s\u1ef1<\/span> m\u00f4n trung b\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/i>\u201d (trong vi\u1ec7c Ph\u1eadt s\u1ef1<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2u n\u1ec7<\/span> m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00e0o). Nh\u01b0ng n\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. M\u00e0 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: \u201cGi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> chi\u1ebfc b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 sang s\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4m gi\u1eef; ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u, Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f2n x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf hu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 phi ph\u00e1p\u201d(2)<\/sup>. Hay: \u201cGi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> ng\u00f3n tay \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span>. Mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span>, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u00f3n tay \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng\u201d(3)<\/sup>. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/span> m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0 ng\u00f3n tay \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span>; ng\u00f3n tay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 \u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span> (adhamma) b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u00e1n, m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p<\/span> (dhamma) c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch, xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn cho ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i<\/span> tho\u00e1t. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> khai ph\u00f3ng, t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eeba<\/span><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: \u201cTu \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00f4 tu m\u1edbi th\u1eadt l\u00e0 tu, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1edbi th\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00f4 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> m\u1edbi th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng\u201d(4)<\/sup>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu tu m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00f4 tu th\u00ec ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 tu, h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh, ch\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00f4 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n n\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu theo t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span>, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201cPh\u00e1t c\u00e1i nguy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, h\u00e0nh c\u00e1i h\u1ea1nh l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d(5)<\/sup>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh khi\u00eam cung, t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/span>, hy sinh<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 th\u1ea5y thua thi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u00e2n tu<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y theo<\/span> ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u00edch<\/span>, \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng khua chu\u00f4ng, th\u00f9ng r\u1ed7ng k\u00eau to. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> tri\u1ec7t ph\u00e1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> th\u1ee7 t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o nh\u1ea5t qua l\u1eddi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>: \u201cN\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ta (Ph\u1eadt), d\u00f9ng \u00e2m thinh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ta, l\u00e0 k\u1ebb \u0111ang th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u01b0 Lai\u201d(6)<\/sup>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: \u201cTu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1! C\u00e1c \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i y nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u1eddi ta d\u1ea1y \u0111\u00e2y, m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> (nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i sinh tr\u1ee9ng, lo\u00e0i sinh con, lo\u00e0i sinh ch\u1ed7 \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p<\/span>, lo\u00e0i h\u00f3a sinh<\/span>, lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 s\u1eafc, lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng, lo\u00e0i ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, v.v\u2026) \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>. B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> tuy \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng (t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00e3, t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01a1n, t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecd gi\u1ea3<\/span>) th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span>, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t nh\u00e3<\/span>, ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> ng\u00e3, nh\u01a1n, v.v\u2026 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u201ch\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng t\u00e2m\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00f2n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span>, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i lao m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span>, l\u00e0m c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt s\u1ef1<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> khi nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span> l\u00e0m c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt s\u1ef1<\/span>, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t nh\u00e3<\/span> ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng (ng\u00e3 nh\u01a1n, v.v\u2026) th\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u201ch\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng t\u00e2m\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

Hay: \u201cChung nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span> v\u00f4 sinh<\/span> kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9\u201d. (Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9). <\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span>: \u201cc\u00f3 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9, v.v\u2026\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f2n ng\u00e3, nh\u01a1n, b\u1ec9, th\u1eed, th\u00ec v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u0111ua nhau n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng. C\u1ed5 nh\u01a1n n\u00f3i: \u201cNh\u1ee9t ba t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1ea1n ba t\u00f9y<\/i>\u201d. (M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng v\u1eeba nh\u00f4 l\u00ean, th\u00ec tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng li\u1ec1n theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean). <\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f2n v\u00f4 minh<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span>; v\u00ec ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t nh\u00e3<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi l\u1eafm k\u1ebb s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span>, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng. Ph\u1eadt \u1edf t\u1ea1i t\u00e2m! V\u00e0 d\u00e2n gian c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ed1t g\u1ed7 h\u01a1n t\u1ed1t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u01a1n<\/i>\u201d, hay: \u201cQuen s\u1ee3 d\u1ea1, l\u1ea1 s\u1ee3 \u00e1o<\/i>\u201d. S\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2u n\u1ec7<\/span>, v\u1ebd v\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span>; h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m<\/span> h\u1ed3n m\u00ecnh thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span> trong ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u1ebd \u201cb\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e2m th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d, trong c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> n\u00e0y s\u1ebd to\u00e1t l\u00ean s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i phi th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>: \u0103n, ng\u1ee7, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, tu t\u1eadp\u2026 b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng, s\u1ed1ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng<\/span> trong ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. V\u00ec bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng, <\/i>l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

Sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> di\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i, t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 vui<\/i>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

(V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> th\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng, <\/span><\/p>\n

th\u1ecb sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> ph\u00e1p, <\/span><\/p>\n

Sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> di\u1ec7t d\u0129, t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t vi l\u1ea1c<\/span>). <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c vua Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y trong ph\u00fa C\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n L\u1ea1c \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> <\/i>r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span>: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi vui \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e3y t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span><\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

H\u1ec5 \u0111\u00f3i th\u00ec \u0103n, m\u1ec7t ng\u1ee7 li\u1ec1n<\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

Trong nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdc th\u00f4i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span><\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span> ch\u1edb h\u1ecfi thi\u1ec1n<\/i>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

(C\u01b0 tr\u1ea7n l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u1ea3 t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

C\u01a1 t\u1eafc xan h\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1n t\u1eafc mi\u00ean <\/span><\/p>\n

Gia trung h\u1eefu<\/span> b\u1ea3o h\u01b0u t\u1ea7m m\u00edch <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span> m\u1ea1c v\u1ea5n thi\u1ec1n<\/span>). <\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, L\u1ee5c T\u1ed5 Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y trong kinh Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0110\u00e0n, <\/i>l\u1eddi l\u1ebd b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u01b0ng \u00fd t\u1ee9<\/span> th\u1eadt si\u00eau tho\u00e1t<\/span>: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00e2m b\u00ecnh<\/span> th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tu thi\u1ec1n<\/span>,<\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

H\u1ea1nh tr\u1ef1c th\u00ec lo g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/i>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u00e2m b\u00ecnh<\/span> h\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng tu thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, <\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1nh tr\u1ef1c h\u00e0 lao tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span>). <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span>, v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00f4 ch\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng tr\u00ean, Tu\u1ec7 Trung Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u0129<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi n\u00e0o m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 d\u1ee9t,<\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt<\/span> <\/i>\u00a0ch\u1eb3ng ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n<\/span><\/i>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u1ef1 th\u1ecb<\/span> quy\u1ec7n th\u1eddi t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 t\u1ee9c, <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t quan nhi\u1ebfp ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t quan thi\u1ec1n). <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi Tu\u1ec7 Trung, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> xem danh l\u1ee3i<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4i d\u00e9p b\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3ng nh\u1eadp vai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129<\/span> gi\u00e1ng tr\u1ea7n: v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng t\u00f4n qu\u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00f4n qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00f4n qu\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng h\u1ea1 ti\u1ec7n l\u00e0 h\u1ea1 ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 ti\u1ec7n; kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb c\u00e1i danh ph\u1eadn<\/span> n\u00e0y r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span>: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u1ec1 vui v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00f4i, \u1ea9n s\u01a1n l\u00e2m,<\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

Xa b\u1ecf l\u1ee3i danh th\u00f4i, l\u00e1nh th\u1ecb tri\u1ec1u<\/i>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

(Quy d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u1ea9n<\/span> h\u1ec1 s\u01a1n l\u00e2m, <\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4i kh\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3i danh h\u1ec1 tri\u1ec1u th\u1ecb). <\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thong dong<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, b\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> qua hai v\u1ea7n th\u01a1: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cK\u1ebb ngu s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft<\/span> m\u00e3i lo \u00e2u<\/span>,<\/i><\/span> <\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed r\u00f5 th\u00f4ng nh\u00e0n th\u00f4i v\u1eady<\/i>\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

(Ngu nh\u01a1n<\/span> \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o<\/span> b\u1ed1 sinh t\u1eed<\/span>, <\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t quan nh\u00e0n nhi d\u0129). <\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2u n\u1ec7<\/span> v\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eadn, cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat g\u00ec c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt t\u1eafc, lu\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o phong<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc xu\u1ea5t tr\u1ea7n<\/span>. Tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00f4 ch\u1ea5p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean<\/span>: thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c, t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 x\u1ea5u, ch\u00e1nh ngh\u0129a, v\u00e0 phi ngh\u0129a<\/span>, v.v\u2026 Tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> th\u00f4ng tho\u00e1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> qua t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Tu\u1ec7 Trung Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u0129<\/span>: \u201cTh\u1ecbt c\u00e1 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, Ph\u1eadt \u1edf t\u1ea1i t\u00e2m\u201d. <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean<\/span> h\u1eefu v\u00f4<\/span>, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>. \u201cTh\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3<\/span> nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, c\u00f2n h\u01a1n ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i\u201d (Ninh ch\u1ea5p h\u1eefu<\/span> nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, m\u1ea1c ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi t\u1eed<\/span>). Hay: \u201c\u00dd t\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ngo\u1ea1i\u201d (\u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u1eb1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span>). <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span>, d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n nh\u1eadp<\/span> cu\u1ed9c, ta kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00ec ai v\u00e0o? Nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00f5ng tay v\u00e0o ch\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nhu\u1ed1m nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb tha h\u00f3a nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00e1ch hay b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n! <\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00f4 ch\u1ea5p gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> x\u00f3a b\u1ecf<\/span> m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m<\/span>, t\u1ef1 ti, t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5\u2026 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng<\/span>, n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00f2ng tay nh\u00e2n \u00e1i<\/span> gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>; h\u00f2a quang \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, l\u1ed3ng m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. Tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/span> khai ph\u00f3ng, k\u00edch kh\u1edfi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, x\u00f3a tan m\u1ecdi \u00e1ng m\u00e2y<\/span> si m\u00ea<\/span>, m\u1ecdi ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span>, \u0111ang v\u1ea7n v\u0169<\/span> tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> tho\u00e1t ly<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a tham lam<\/span>, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn<\/span>, si m\u00ea<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span>. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ph\u00e1t huy tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span> n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an<\/span>, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> quanh m\u00ecnh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> th\u1ee7 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> h\u00e0nh x\u1ea3<\/span> cao nh\u1ea5t trong T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, T\u1ee9 gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span> hay c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/i>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00edch Nh\u1eadt Hi\u1ebfu<\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

(1) Majjhima Nik\u00e0ya I, No18, Madhupindika sutta, N\u00e0namoli, 1995, P.202. (2) Majjhima Nik\u00e0ya I, No 22, N\u00e0namoli, 1995, P.229: \u201cThe Dhamma is similar to a raft, being for the purpose of crossing over, not being for the purpose of grasping. When you know the Dhamma to be similar to a raft, you should abandon even good states, how much note so bad states\u201d. = Taish\u00f2 No8, K. Kim Cang<\/span> B\u00e1t Nha, 748, Sh 235: Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> du nh\u01b0 phi\u1ec7t d\u1ee5<\/span>, ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u01b0ng x\u00e1 h\u00e0 hu\u1ed1ng<\/span> phi ph\u00e1p\u201d. (3) Taish\u00f2 No 17, K. Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span>, PP. 917a – 917b: \u201cTu-\u0111a-la gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0<\/span> ti\u00eau nguy\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9<\/span>. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c ki\u1ebfn nguy\u1ec7t, li\u1ec5u tri<\/span> s\u1edf ti\u00eau, t\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh<\/span> phi nguy\u1ec7t\u201d. (4) Kinh B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span>: Tu v\u00f4 tu tu, h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 h\u00e0nh<\/span> h\u00e0nh, ch\u1ee9ng v\u00f4 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng. (5) Ibid: Ph\u00e1t h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> chi nguy\u1ec7n, h\u00e0nh h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> chi h\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ee9ng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> chi qu\u1ea3, di\u1ec7c v\u00f4 kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> chi t\u01b0\u1edbng. (6) Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u0129 s\u1eafc ki\u1ebfn ng\u00e3, d\u0129 \u00e2m thinh c\u1ea7u ng\u00e3, th\u1ecb nh\u01a1n h\u00e0nh t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, b\u1ea5t n\u0103ng ki\u1ebfn Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> (Kinh Kim Cang<\/span>). <\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n : Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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