\u0110\u1ea0T LAI L\u1ea0T MA<\/span> T\u1ea0I HARVARD\u00a0TRUNG \u0110\u1ea0O<\/span> C\u01af\u01a0NG Y\u1ebeU<\/span> Ch\u00e2n Nguy\u00ean<\/span> d\u1ecbch<\/span><\/p>\n<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
V\u00e0i
n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef<\/b><\/span><\/span>
<\/p>\n \u00a0V\u1ec1
n\u1ed9i dung<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ea1t-l\u1ea1i L\u1ea1t-ma<\/span> t\u1ea1i Harvard, bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u00e1c
kh\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Harvard, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Jeffrey Hopkins d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb T\u1ea1ng<\/span> sang Anh ng\u1eef v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadp
trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u1ebfu<\/span> \u2014 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
\u0110\u1ea1t-l\u1ea1i L\u1ea1t-ma<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span> b\u1eb1ng T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef.
<\/span><\/p>\nPh\u1ea7n
\u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb hai b\u1ea3n ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef, b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a
gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Hopkins d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u00bbThe Dalai Lama at Harvard \u2014 Lectures
on the Bud\u00addhist Path to Peace\u00ab (Snow Lion Publications, Ithaca New York
14851, USA 1988) v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb Anh sang \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean
\u00bbEin\u00adf\u00fch\u00adrung in den Buddhis\u00admus \u2014 Die Harvard Vor\u00adlesungen\u00ab c\u1ee7a
Chris\u00adtof Spitz (\u00bbPh\u1eadt h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadp m\u00f4n<\/span> \u2014 C\u00e1c kh\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i
Harvard\u00ab, Herder Ver\u00adlag, Freiburg im Breisgau, 1993; c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a
kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u00bbDie Vortr\u00e4ge in Har\u00advard\u00ab, \u00bbC\u00e1c kh\u00f3a tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Harvard\u00ab,
Aquamarin Verlag, Grafing, 1991). V\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, c\u1ef1c
k\u00ec ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1t-l\u1ea1i L\u1ea1t-ma<\/span>
tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u00ean d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ea3 hai
b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tinh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.
<\/span><\/p>\nTrong
b\u1ea3n Anh v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u1eef c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn
gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea1t-l\u1ea1i L\u1ea1t-ma<\/span> tr\u00ecnh
b\u00e0y, di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3ng r\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span>
\u2014 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4i h\u00e0i \u2014, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n c\u1ef1c k\u00ec ph\u1ee9c
t\u1ea1p<\/span>, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tri\u1ebft l\u00ed T\u00ednh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> h\u1ecdc, T\u00e2m
l\u00ed<\/span> h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3
th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t
\u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> h\u1ebft
s\u1ee9c<\/span> tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1t-l\u1ea1i L\u1ea1t-ma<\/span>. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng<\/span> d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3
ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh
b\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span>.
<\/span><\/p>\nCh\u00ednh
v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 d\u1ecbch
gi\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam v\u00e0o ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn Nh\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>
c\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00f9ng
ph\u1ee9c, t\u1ed1i ngh\u0129a trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u1ebfu<\/span>
c\u00f3 t\u00ean T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef \u00bbdbu ma’i lde mig\u00ab, J\u00fcrgen Manshardt (T\u1ec9-kh\u00e2u
Dscham\u00adpa D\u00f6nsang) d\u1ecbch sang \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean \u00bbDer Schl\u00fcssel
zum Mittleren Weg\u00ab, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung t\u00e2m<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> (Tibe\u00adtisches Zentrum
e. V. Hamburg) t\u1ea1i C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a Li\u00ean Bang<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ed9c
gi\u1ea3<\/span> n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng Anh ng\u1eef c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed
d\u1ee5ng<\/span> b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 J. Hopkins d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00ean \u00bbThe Buddhism
of Tibet and The Key to the Middle Way\u00ab (Unwin Hyman, London, Eng\u00adland).
<\/span><\/p>\nV\u1ec1
d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt<\/b><\/span>
<\/p>\n Ghi
ch\u00fa \u1edf cu\u1ed1i m\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng trong ph\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1t-l\u1ea1i L\u1ea1t-ma<\/span> t\u1ea1i
Harvard \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Hopkins th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span>. Ghi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch
gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
\u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u<\/span> ri\u00eang v\u00e0 ghi trong ngo\u1eb7c. C\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fa trong c\u1ea3 hai
ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o.
<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ec3
tr\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> g\u00e2y ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> th\u00eam nh\u1eefng g\u00ec v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3
hi\u1ec3u, trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng ghi th\u00eam nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt
ng\u1eef<\/span> Ph\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> trong ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n v\u0103n m\u00e0
ch\u1ec9 th\u00eam v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fa \u2014 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>
ch\u00fang ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 J. Hopkins l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> trong t\u1ed5ng
m\u1ee5c ghi ch\u00fa sau m\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong ph\u1ea7n hai v\u00e0 T\u1eeb v\u1ecb, d\u1ecbch
gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> ngay trong ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n
\u2014 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong ngo\u1eb7c \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft nghi\u00eang
\u2014, v\u00ec quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm
hi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u00eam, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o<\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. M\u1ee5c
T\u1eeb v\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i hi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3
ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> th\u00eam nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. Ai mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u00eam v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> Ph\u1eadt
gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham<\/span> kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam quy\u1ec3n T\u1eeb \u0110i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt
H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00e1ch v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3.
<\/span><\/p>\nNh\u1eefng
\u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/span>:<\/b><\/span>
<\/p>\n1.
Danh t\u1eeb phenomenon c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Anh (Ph\u1ea1n: dharma, T\u1ea1ng: chos, \u0110\u1ee9c:
Ph\u00e4\u00adnomen) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u00bbhi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00ab thay v\u00ec \u00bbph\u00e1p\u00ab
(trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/span>) \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5
hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nay. Nh\u01b0ng
th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2u v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
xu\u00f4i tai h\u01a1n.
<\/span><\/p>\n2.
T\u00ednh t\u1eeb exact (\u0110\u1ee9c: exakt) v\u00e0 precise (\u0110\u1ee9c: pr\u00e4zis) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 tinh x\u00e1c, hai t\u00ednh t\u1eeb correct (\u0110\u1ee9c: korrekt) v\u00e0 valid
(\u0110\u1ee9c: g\u00fcltig) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> (v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u00bb\u0111\u00fang
\u0111\u1eafn [ch\u00ednh] v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> [x\u00e1c]\u00ab), \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn<\/span>, c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span>
\u2014 t\u00f9y theo<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>.
<\/span><\/p>\n3.
M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 T\u1ed3n
t\u1ea1i<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf (b\u1ea3n) t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb danh t\u1eeb
inherent existence c\u1ee7a Anh ng\u1eef ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u1eef in\u00adh\u00e4r\u00adente Existenz.
Danh t\u1eeb Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> l\u00e0 svabh\u0101vasiddhi. Svabh\u0101va c\u00f3
ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00bbt\u1ef1 t\u00ednh\u00ab, siddhi c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u00bbth\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u\u00ab ho\u1eb7c \u00bbkh\u1edfi
l\u1eadp\u00ab. C\u1ea3 ba d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 J. Hopkins c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Ch. Spitz
v\u00e0 J. Manshardt \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch svabh\u0101vasiddhi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i
s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u00bbinhe\u00adrent existence (inh\u00e4rente Exis\u00adtenz)\u00ab. T\u00ednh t\u1eeb
\u00bbinhe\u00adrent\u00ab c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00bbn\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i\u00ab, \u00bbc\u1ed1 h\u1eefu\u00ab v\u00e0 nh\u01b0
th\u1ebf, \u00bbinherent existence\u00ab c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00bbT\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i
tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh\u00ab. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n, d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3
r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef \u00bbt\u1ef1 ng\u00e3\u00ab, \u00bbt\u1ef1 t\u00ednh\u00ab, \u00bbb\u1ea3n t\u00ednh\u00ab,
ho\u1eb7c \u00bbng\u00e3\u00ab thay v\u00e0o \u00bbT\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh\u00ab \u2014
nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea5t
qu\u00e1n<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean do<\/span> kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u
sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n. \u00bbT\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1edfi t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh\u00ab, \u00bbT\u1ed3n
t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu\u00ab l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a
trong b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y.
<\/span><\/p>\n4.
D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef, gi\u1ea3m
th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span> thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> ch\u1eef H\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>,
r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>
d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef Anh ng\u1eef continum of mind (Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span>: sa\u1e43t\u0101na ho\u1eb7c
tantra). N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0 \u00bbd\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c\u00ab th\u00ec
t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh, \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> continuum
n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span>. V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e0nh
ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> H\u00e1n vi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t tinh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u00bbli\u00ean
t\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>)\u00ab. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>
kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> H\u00e1n vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 Ph\u1eadt
gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec c\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fa k\u00e8m theo s\u1ebd l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> h\u01a1n.
V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c
thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> H\u00e1n vi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi th\u00eam
v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fa. B\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> trong
ph\u1ea7n T\u1eeb v\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean
v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> trong d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y.
<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1ch
ph\u00e1t \u00e2m<\/span> Ph\u1ea1n v\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef<\/b><\/span>
<\/p>\nPh\u1ea1n
ng\u1eef<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1ea5t
trong kinh s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i
qui t\u1eafc ph\u00e1t \u00e2m<\/span> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c:
<\/span><\/p>\nc
\u1e43,
\u1e45
ph\u00e1t
\u00e2m<\/span> g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 -ng, nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 sa\u1e43-s\u0101-ra
nh\u01b0 sang-s\u0101-ra, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ng- v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdng m\u0169i.
<\/span><\/p>\n\u1e5b
ph\u00e1t
\u00e2m<\/span> nh\u01b0 ri, \u0111\u1ecdc nhanh, ph\u1edbt qua ch\u1eef y. Raj\u0101g\u1e5bha \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0
ra-j\u0101-gri-ha. \u1e5addhi \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 riddhi.
<\/span><\/p>\n\u015b,
\u1e63
ph\u00e1t \u00e2m<\/span> m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n \u1e63 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat,
\u015b nh\u01b0 (t)sh v\u00e0 \u1e63 nh\u01b0 (d)sh. \u015aik\u1e63\u0101samuucaya \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0
shik-sh-sa-much-cha-ya.
<\/span><\/p>\n\u016b
\u0101
\u014d
e
\u012b
Nh\u1eefng
d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1eef sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua nh\u01b0 \u1e0d, \u1e37, \u1e6d,
\u1e47. Dh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 d v\u1edbi ch\u1eef h th\u1eadt nhanh ph\u00eda sau nh\u01b0
dh\u0101tu.
<\/span><\/p>\nTrong
\u0111\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n, T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng H\u00e1n vi\u1ec7t
ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch d\u1ecbch \u00e2m Vi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng
Vi\u1ec7t; trong c\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fa, ghi ch\u00fa v\u00e0 T\u1eeb v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c la-tinh h\u00f3a
theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Turrell Wylie (xem th\u00eam trong \u00bbA Stan\u00addard System
of Tibetan Tran\u00adscrip\u00adtion\u00ab, Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, vol.
22, 1959, trang 261-267).
<\/span><\/p>\nVi\u1ebft
t\u1eaft
<\/span><\/p>\n
engl.:
Anh ng\u1eef; ger.: \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u1eef; jap.: Nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef; skrt.: Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span>;
tibet.: T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef; tk.: Th\u1ebf k\u1ec9;<\/span><\/div>\n[ad_2]Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"[ad_1] \u0110\u1ea0T LAI L\u1ea0T MA T\u1ea0I HARVARD\u00a0& NH\u1eacP TRUNG \u0110\u1ea0O C\u01af\u01a0NG Y\u1ebeU Ch\u00e2n Nguy\u00ean d\u1ecbch V\u00e0i
n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef
\u00a0V\u1ec1
n\u1ed9i dung \u00a0 S\u00e1ch
n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6847,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-6846","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6846","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6846"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6846\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6846"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6846"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6846"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=6846"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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