{"id":6921,"date":"2020-12-01T07:31:08","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:31:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/01\/khai-niem-can-ban-cua-dao-phat-giao-ly-duyen-khoi\/"},"modified":"2020-12-01T07:31:08","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:31:08","slug":"khai-niem-can-ban-cua-dao-phat-giao-ly-duyen-khoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/01\/khai-niem-can-ban-cua-dao-phat-giao-ly-duyen-khoi\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt: Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M C\u0102N<\/span> B\u1ea2N C\u1ee6A \u0110\u1ea0O PH\u1eacT<\/span>:<\/b><\/span><\/span>
GI\u00c1O L\u00dd<\/span> DUY\u00caN KH\u1edeI<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span>
Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/span> Alfred Bloom, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 danh d\u1ef1<\/span> ng\u00e0nh T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Hawaii<\/span><\/span>
Th\u00edch N\u1eef<\/span> T\u1ecbnh Quang chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span><\/span>
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Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ea7u khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tu vi\u1ec7n<\/span> Nishi Hongwanji-Koshin Ohtani trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Shunju Bungei (1-2008). Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra. \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1eb1ng T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Koshin Ohtani \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> trong Zen ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span>. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi th\u1ea7n b\u00ed<\/span>. Trong khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m trong t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean<\/span>, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1edfi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 duy\u00ean h\u1ee3p. Mu\u00f4n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean. Xe \u00d4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau, b\u00e1nh xe, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v.v. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ra n\u00f3. C\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 neutron v\u00e0 proton ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> quan s\u00e1t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00ed \u1ea9n<\/span> khi ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ngu\u1ed3n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec, do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span>. Cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta quan s\u00e1t<\/span> ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> logic ho\u1eb7c kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span>, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. <\/p>\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p (karma) – gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>, l\u00fd Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> cho gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> thuy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> , theo \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi chia s\u1ebb l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> n\u00e0y, trong khi l\u00fd Duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/span> cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>. Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh trong c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> Dharmakara (Hozo-Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng) trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i T\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0110\u1ed9 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3<\/span> hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean. M\u1ed7i l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c<\/span> B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> (Bodhisattava) v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 tr\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> n\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi<\/span> l\u1eabn nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 12 m\u1eafc x\u00edch li\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng m\u1eafc x\u00edch n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ho\u1eb7c mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng 12 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span> s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t<\/span> m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng qua ba l\u1ea7n sinh. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> hay lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>, cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng<\/span> cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng m\u1eafc x\u00edch l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0: 1) V\u00f4 minh-ngu d\u1ed1t: l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u00f9 l\u00f2a<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u00f4m nay ch\u00fang ta<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i\u201d. 2) H\u00e0nh: h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ngu d\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1eadn th\u00f9<\/span>, tham lam<\/span>, th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn<\/span> \u200b\u200b… 3) Th\u1ee9c: nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span>, bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u1ea3 v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c<\/span> ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. Xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> hay nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea5u. 4) Danh v\u00e0 S\u1eafc: T\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> ho\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t. 5) L\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span>: s\u00e1u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c quan<\/span>: t\u00e2m v\u00e0 n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span>. 6) X\u00fac: S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 7) Th\u1ecd: C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u. 8) \u00c1i: l\u00e0 tham mu\u1ed1n<\/span>, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, v\u00ec kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u1ed9t khoanh m\u1ecfng c\u1ee7a khoai t\u00e2y. 9) Th\u1ee7: b\u00e1m ho\u1eb7c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00e0 d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf<\/span>. 10) H\u1eefu:Tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n s\u00e2u xa<\/span> cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/span>. 11) Sinh: S\u1ef1 sinh ra ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>. 12) L\u00e3o t\u1eed<\/span>: Tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0<\/span> (Decay) v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00fac m\u1edbi sinh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian-v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng-s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 do v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta<\/span> m\u00f9 l\u00f2a<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 trong \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c<\/span> quang h\u1ecdc. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a tham lam<\/span>, h\u1eadn th\u00f9<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u00edch k\u1ef7<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ch\u00fang ta<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ed5 \u0111au hay t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> b\u00e1m v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> cho c\u00e1i t\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> (tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span>). Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span> v\u00e0 chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a sinh-l\u00e3o v\u00e0 t\u1eed. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi h\u1ecd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ra kh\u1ecfi b\u00e1nh xe lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> ho\u1eb7c con s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u00e0 t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> v\u1ec1 M\u01b0\u1eddi hai nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> cho s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng<\/span> t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> th\u00e0nh ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng: qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9<\/span> r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. Trong s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span>, v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi ba chu k\u1ef3. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span>. S\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span> hay Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> hy h\u1eefu<\/span> khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1eadp trung s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> trong v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 gh\u00e9p h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> nh\u1ea5t trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. B\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, s\u1ef1 mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u00e1m v\u00edu<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> g\u00e2y cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn<\/span> khi ch\u00fang ta<\/span> g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> qu\u00ed b\u00e1u. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>. <\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ebft l\u00fd h\u01a1n, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> hay b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> r\u1ed7ng tu\u1ebfch<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span>, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u0103n minh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, ch\u00fang n\u00f3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 \u00f3c ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh<\/span>. Trong s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a vi m\u00f4 khoa h\u1ecdc, hay s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u0129 m\u00f4.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c l\u1eabn nhau<\/span> c\u1ee7a quan h\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span>. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u00c2m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o L\u00e3o<\/span> c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ed5 sung c\u1ee7a \u00c2m v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng, D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 trong \u00c2m v\u00e0 \u00c2m c\u0169ng \u1edf trong D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb<\/span> b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span>. C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y ph\u00eda n\u00e0y ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o ph\u00eda kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> cho quan h\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau<\/span>. Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bao h\u00e0m s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<\/span> t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m<\/span> cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thu nh\u1ecf<\/span> nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 m\u00e9o m\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> hung h\u00e3n v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ea1nh tranh<\/span> h\u1ed1ng h\u00e1ch<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9<\/span> v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c, x\u00e1c th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 chu\u1ed1c l\u1ea5y th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1u trung, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span>, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>, hay tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span>. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: ”T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> l\u00fd Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>, N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> “(Th\u00edch Nhat Hanh: “The Heart of the Buddha’s Teaching-The Two Truths.”) <\/span><\/p>\n

Theo http:\/\/www.shindharmanet.com\/writings\/centralconcept.htm<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n : Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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