{"id":6935,"date":"2020-12-01T07:36:17","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:36:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/01\/luat-nhan-qua-va-nghiep-bao\/"},"modified":"2020-12-01T07:36:17","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:36:17","slug":"luat-nhan-qua-va-nghiep-bao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/01\/luat-nhan-qua-va-nghiep-bao\/","title":{"rendered":"Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

I. Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b> (T\u00d0PGVA) <\/span><\/p>\n

1)\u00a0Nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span>, l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng; qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u1ea1n s\u1ef1<\/span> v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span> trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7: <\/span><\/p>\n

2)\u00a0Lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> hay s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 \u201cNghi\u1ec7p\u201d c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. M\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hay h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/span>. Lu\u1eadt \u1ea5y d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh<\/span>, d\u1eef ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eef b\u1ecb kh\u1ed5. Nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u1eef ph\u01b0\u1edbc theo ngh\u0129a t\u00e2m<\/span> linh, m\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0u c\u00f3<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c uy quy\u1ec1n<\/span> ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb<\/span>. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m vua l\u00e0 do qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 gieo tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc k\u1ef3 t\u1eed l\u00e0 do tr\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3<\/span> x\u1ea5u \u1edf ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0o, d\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng tr\u00e1ch<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

3)\u00a0Nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean n\u00eau r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan, t\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ai sinh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> sinh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n. Nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n hay m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<\/span> nhau. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eadu th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gieo gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eadu. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cam th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gieo gi\u1ed1ng cam. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 gieo c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i m\u00e0 mong g\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00faa b\u1eafp l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

4)\u00a0M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean kh\u00e1c, th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>, h\u1ea1t l\u00faa kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m l\u00faa n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap. Trong nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3, trong qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n. Ch\u00ednh trong nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> lai, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh trong qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>. S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 khi nhanh c\u00f3 khi ch\u1eadm. C\u00f3 khi nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> x\u00e3y ra li\u1ec1n nhau nh\u01b0 khi ta v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh ti\u1ebfng tr\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ti\u1ebfng tr\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n li\u1ec1n. C\u00f3 khi nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i th\u1eddi<\/span> gian sau qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb l\u00fac gieo h\u1ea1t l\u00faa gi\u1ed1ng, n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1, nh\u1ed5 m\u1ea1, c\u1ea5y l\u00faa, m\u1ea1 l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y l\u00faa, tr\u1ed5 b\u00f4ng<\/span>, r\u1ed3i c\u1eaft l\u00faa, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n<\/span>, ph\u1ea3i qua th\u1eddi gian<\/span> ba b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng, ho\u1eb7c n\u0103m s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. C\u00f3 khi t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch nhau<\/span> h\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 c\u1eafp s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i 4 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> \u00edt nh\u1ea5t<\/span> l\u00e0 14 n\u0103m. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0i h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: <\/span><\/p>\n

5)\u00a0Hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tin v\u00e0o lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng \u1ef7 l\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng lo s\u1ee3 hoang mang. Bi\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 tin, c\u00f3 th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> to l\u1edbn s\u1ebd l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 l\u00fac t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t n\u1eefa, bi\u1ebft tu th\u00e2n<\/span>, gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span>, tu t\u00e2m<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span>. Khi bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i hay th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch m\u00f3c, kh\u00f4ng \u1ef7 l\u1ea1i<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u00eam t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u1ed1t m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> khi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec, khi n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi<\/span> g\u00ec, n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m li\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111au trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai: <\/span><\/p>\n

II. Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/b>: Karma (skt)\u2014Kamma (p)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p<\/b>: Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c<\/span> kh\u1ed5 vui, ng\u1ecdt b\u00f9i trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span>. H\u1ec5 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vui, nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5. V\u1eady nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nghi\u1ec7p theo ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 \u2018karma\u2019 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span>, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3. Lu\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u (tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, t\u1eeb \u2018nghi\u1ec7p\u2019 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m hay l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>) x\u1ea3y ra trong l\u00fac s\u1ed1ng, g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean b\u1edfi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span>. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi nay, s\u1ebd h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, hay \u00fd; nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, hay trung t\u00ednh<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a<\/span> b\u1edfi A L\u1ea1i Da<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eed sanh trong v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp<\/span> n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p g\u00ec, kh\u00f4ng s\u1edbm th\u00ec mu\u1ed9n, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111i theo<\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 B\u00e1o<\/span><\/b>: Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd, nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo tr\u1ed3ng, c\u00f2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y tr\u00e1i. Khi th\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t, kh\u1ea9u n\u00f3i l\u1eddi hay, \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u00e1c. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201cMu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> cao \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u00e1c con ph\u1ea3i t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y t\u1eebng gi\u1edd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> n\u01a1i th\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u \u00fd<\/span> ch\u1edb \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 cho nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 ta l\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sai ch\u1ea1y. Gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0nh sanh c\u00e2y t\u1ed1t qu\u1ea3 ngon, trong khi gi\u1ed1ng x\u1ea5u th\u00ec c\u00e2y x\u1ea5u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ec7 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u1eeb khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta<\/span> hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span> tinh chuy\u00ean<\/span> theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> hay nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> hay kinh qua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ao \u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0111\u00e2u. Theo Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u00ean th\u1ea7n<\/span> qu\u1ef7 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00ean ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> t\u1ef1 do<\/span> x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng theo c\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u00edch t\u1ee5<\/span> thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> s\u01b0\u1edbng vui, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ma qu\u1ef7<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> g\u00e2y t\u1ea1o \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 l\u1ea1y l\u1ee5c van xin<\/span> th\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafng cay \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta<\/span>..\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?: Khi ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, d\u00f9 thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng <\/span>n\u00e0y <\/span>s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng in v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hay nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> <\/span>n\u00e0y <\/span>\u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m sanh c\u00e2y tr\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh l\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ta l\u00e0m, th\u00ec h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> hay th\u00f9 h\u1eadn c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo tr\u1ed3ng trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u1ea5y n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m sanh c\u00e2y v\u00e0 tr\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p?: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y n\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111em cho ta v\u1eadt g\u00ec m\u00e0 ta kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y th\u00ec d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i mang v\u1ec1, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00fai ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u1eadt g\u00ec h\u1ebft. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0m, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c<\/span> cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> mang qua ki\u1ebfp kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eefa. Khi t\u00fai ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> mang v\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>, l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span> cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c tu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sanh t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span>..\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n Lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1ecb Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c x\u1ea5u, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1 \u00fd<\/span> ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tam Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i: th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: <\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadp Nghi\u1ec7p: Th\u1eadp \u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n\u2014Th\u1eadp \u00c1c, and Th\u1eadp Thi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

III. Lu\u00e2n H\u1ed3i<\/span> <\/span><\/b>(Th\u00edchT\u00e2m Thi\u1ec7n)<\/span><\/p>\n

A. D\u1eabn nh\u1eadp<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> t\u00e0i r\u1ea5t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u? T\u1ea1i sao sinh, r\u1ed3i t\u00e1i sinh? C\u00f3 c\u00f5i \u00e2m hay kh\u00f4ng? v.v… \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u h\u1ecfi l\u01a1 l\u1eedng<\/span> trong t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f2n b\u1ecb tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n<\/span> trong sanh t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111au. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Nam t\u1ea1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1eafc t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ea3ng ho\u1eb7c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau. \u00d0\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong B\u1ed5n Sinh (Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 kinh<\/span>) \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ea9u chuy\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t x\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

B. N\u1ed9i dung<\/span><\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

I. \u00d0\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a:<\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 sams\u00e0ra, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n sinh<\/span>, s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp, s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng; v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n sinh<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> b\u1eb1ng b\u00e1nh xe (cakka) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh xe lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> (samsaracakka): <\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> b\u00e1nh xe lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n sinh sinh<\/span> – h\u00f3a h\u00f3a” c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>. Tr\u00ean v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span>, v\u00e0 b\u00e1nh xe \u1ea5y c\u1ee9 quay m\u00e3i trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a sanh t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111au cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi n\u00e0o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: <\/span><\/p>\n

”\u00d0\u00eam d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u1ee9c
\u00d0\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb m\u1ec7t
Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edb k\u1ebb ngu
Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ch\u00e2n di\u1ec7u<\/span> ph\u00e1p” <\/span><\/p>\n

II. N\u1ed9i dung lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>:<\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ed9i b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n<\/span> (kh\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n ca) \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t l\u00ean gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> – tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: <\/span><\/p>\n

Trong l\u00f2ng s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span>
Ta \u0111i m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng
T\u1eeb b\u00e0o thai<\/span> n\u00e0y sang b\u00e0o thai<\/span> kh\u00e1c
\u00d0u\u1ed5i theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0
(trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>)
Ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 ! Ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u01a1i r\u1ed3i
Ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c
C\u1ed9t k\u00e8o \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e3y h\u1ebft
M\u00e1i, r\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5
T\u00e2m l\u00eca h\u1ebft t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span> xong
(gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>). (Ph\u00e1p c\u00fa<\/span> – 153-154) <\/span><\/p>\n

1. Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> – t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>:<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Qua b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> qua h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> (t\u1eeb b\u00e0o thai<\/span> n\u00e0y sang b\u00e0o thai<\/span> kh\u00e1c). T\u00e1i sinh<\/span> (reincarnation) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 c\u0169 trong l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> (tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi, a tu la<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span>, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7<\/span>, s\u00fac sinh<\/span>) sau khi \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span> m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng (life cycles), hay c\u00f2 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft – ch\u1ebft. <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> – t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, trong ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: <\/span><\/p>\n

a. Chu k\u1ef3 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng s\u00e1t na<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n

b. Chu k\u1ef3 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng <\/span><\/p>\n

- V\u1ec1 chu k\u1ef3 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng s\u00e1t na<\/span>, v\u00ec n\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra qu\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 sinh ra r\u1ed3i m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n ch\u1edbp (\u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1edbp) m\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m – sinh di\u1ec7t” (s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> di\u1ec5n ra trong t\u1eebng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m<\/span>), do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> v.v… <\/span><\/p>\n

- V\u1ec1 chu k\u1ef3 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng, do t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ed1ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn<\/span> qua b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: sanh, l\u00e3o, b\u1ec7nh, t\u1eed v\u00e0\/ ho\u1eb7c sinh th\u00e0nh<\/span> (sinh), t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> (tr\u1ee5), bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> (d\u1ecb) v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t<\/span> (di\u1ec7t) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, n\u00ean chu k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> trung t\u00e2m<\/span> khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i-t\u00e1i sinh. <\/span><\/p>\n

Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. \u00d0\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a sinh, l\u00e3o, b\u1ec7nh, t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/span> b\u1edfi hai \u0111\u1ea7u sinh v\u00e0 t\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, sinh v\u00e0 t\u1eed ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3, Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, khi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i, c\u00e1i g\u00ec s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> – m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi? \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 then ch\u1ed1t<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh trung b\u1ed9<\/span> (Majjhima Nikaya – 135), \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: “Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u1eeba t\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p; nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 thai t\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra”. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nghi\u1ec7p (karma) lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. V\u00e0 khi ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y tan ho\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> tr\u00f4i l\u0103n theo d\u00f2ng tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>). Nh\u01b0ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 linh h\u1ed3n<\/span> b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng, v\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, ch\u00ednh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m trung t\u00e2m<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u00f3, v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> xoay chuy\u1ec3n. V\u1eady, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? <\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span>; v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>; v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 tham, s\u00e2n, si (\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>) v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tham, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng si (thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>). <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng, ch\u00ednh t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 k\u1ebb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh – c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> do m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 k\u1ebb duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> m\u1ecdi nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

2. Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>:<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: <\/span><\/p>\n

a. C\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (weighty karma):<\/u><\/b> nghi\u1ec7p lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ebft cha m\u1eb9<\/span>, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v.v… <\/span><\/p>\n

b. T\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p (habitual karma):<\/u><\/b> nghi\u1ec7p do th\u00f3i quen<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. <\/span><\/p>\n

c. T\u00edch l\u0169y<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (strored up karma):<\/u><\/b> nghi\u1ec7p do t\u00edch t\u1ee5<\/span> t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c s\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y. <\/span><\/p>\n

d. C\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (death-proximate karma):<\/u><\/b> nghi\u1ec7p l\u00fac s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. <\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n l\u01b0u<\/span> c\u1ee7a sinh t\u1eed<\/span>, t\u1eed sinh<\/span>, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c, nghi\u1ec7p bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2<\/span> trung t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> (reincarnation), th\u00ec c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>. C\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 k\u1ebft trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span>, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong ho\u1eb7c sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span> t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi sinh ti\u1ec1n, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh hay l\u00e0m \u00e1c, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, mi\u1ec7ng \u00fd) \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u v\u00e0o trong T\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Alaya) nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo v\u00e0o v\u00e0 n\u1eb1m im trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft ho\u0103c ch\u1ebft, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>. tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0129nh, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7<\/span>, linh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> v.v.., m\u00e0 tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u00f3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh, h\u00f4n m\u00ea<\/span>, ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ed1t, ph\u00e1ch l\u1ea1c h\u1ed3n xi\u00eau …V\u00e0 ngay l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, m\u1ecdi t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>), t\u1eeb trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> (khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng) s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh d\u00f2ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span> g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng \u00fd l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac<\/span> th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111i t\u00ecm c\u1ea3nh gii\u1edbi t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/span> r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n, th\u00f3i quen<\/span>, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1ng an l\u1ea1c<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft an l\u1ea1c<\/span>. S\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00ec tham, s\u00e2n, si th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean ch\u1ebft c\u0169ng kh\u1ed5 \u0111au nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u00ec s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ng\u1ee7. V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, ngay t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3 ly thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 tham \u01b0a v\u00e0 b\u00e1m v\u00edu<\/span>. Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00f3 d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng: “Th\u1ebf gian nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con thuy\u1ec1n, h\u00e3y \u0111i tr\u00ean n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng mang v\u00e1c…”. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span>. Sau khi th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft – ch\u1ebft, th\u00ec th\u00e2n x\u00e1c s\u1ebd tan ho\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng d\u00f2ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span> (th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c<\/span>) s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> m\u1edbi trong s\u00e1u c\u00f5i: tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi, a tu la<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span>, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u00fac sanh<\/span>, t\u00f9y theo<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> thi\u1ec7n hay b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

3. Nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span> – sinh v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>:<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Theo kinh Trung B\u1ed9<\/span> (t\u1eadp I), s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>: a. Cha m\u1eb9<\/span> c\u00f3 giao h\u1ee3p; b. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 thai; v\u00e0 c. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec thai nhi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span> (karmic consciousness), c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5m<\/span>, hay l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebft sinh th\u1ee9c (Gandhabha). Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> m\u00e0 ki\u1ebft sinh th\u1ee9c \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> thai m\u1eb9; l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, Ki\u1ebft sinh th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 “\u00fd ni\u1ec7m t\u1ed1i s\u01a1; c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi ch\u1ebft, c\u0169ng d\u00f2ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn t\u00e1i sinh”. Th\u1ef1c ra<\/span>, c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 sinh v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span>. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb sinh cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> (sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span>), trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t sinh<\/span> th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qua c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a 12 Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>: v\u00f4 minh<\/span> – duy\u00ean h\u00e0nh, h\u00e0nh duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u1ee9c, th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, danh s\u1eafc<\/span> duy\u00ean l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span>, l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span> duy\u00ean x\u00fac, x\u00fac duy\u00ean th\u1ecd, th\u1ecd duy\u00ean \u00e1i, \u00e1i duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u1ee7, th\u1ee7 duy\u00ean h\u1eefu, h\u1eefu duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh, sinh duy\u00ean l\u00e3o, t\u1eed, s\u1ea7u, bi, kh\u1ed5, \u01b0u n\u00e3o… (v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a 12 Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n<\/span> sau. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. V\u00e0 trong 12 Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, c\u00e1c chi ph\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00f4 minh<\/span>, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 danh (s\u1eafc) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

4. C\u00e1c quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u00e2n trung \u1ea5m<\/span>:<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Trong Nik\u00e0ya \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft s\u1eafc th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>, hai l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft do th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft, v\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t (b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc k\u1ef3 t\u1eed, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft). Nh\u00ecn chung, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1eafc th\u00e2n<\/span> (c\u01a1 th\u1ec3) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 trung \u1ea5m<\/span>. Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u00f4ng s\u01a1n b\u1ed9, Ch\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9<\/span> thu\u1ed9c H\u1eefu b\u1ed9<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng, sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, o\u1edf gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n trung \u1ea5m<\/span> (trung gian<\/span>). Th\u1eddi gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gia chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, n\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 49 ng\u00e0y (theo Thi\u1ebft Ma \u00d0\u1ea1t \u00d0a). C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 c\u00fang th\u1ea5t – th\u1ea5t trai tu\u1ea7n (7 x 7 = 49 ng\u00e0y). <\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, theo Nik\u00e0ya v\u00e0 A H\u00e0m<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1eeb “t\u1eed t\u00e2m” cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “ki\u1ebft sinh t\u00e2m” ch\u1ec9 di\u1ec5n ra trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebfn hai s\u00e1t na<\/span> (t\u00edch t\u1eafc), do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00e2n trung \u1ea5m<\/span> (trung h\u1eefu<\/span>). <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt ra, theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, th\u00e2n trung \u1ea5m<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n vi t\u1ebf<\/span> (t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc<\/span> th\u00e2n), m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> trong h\u1eb1ng h\u00e0 sa<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>; v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u0169ng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb, c\u0169ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<\/span> gi\u1eefa “t\u1eed t\u00e2m” v\u00e0 “ki\u1ebft sinh t\u00e2m” trong Nik\u00e0ya v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> s\u1eafc th\u00e2n<\/span> trung \u1ea5m<\/span>. V\u00ec l\u1ebd, th\u1eddi gian<\/span> 49 ng\u00e0y cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n – th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u00f4 l\u00fd<\/span> khi t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n gian c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9<\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 lo\u00e0i mu\u1ed7i m\u00f2ng v.v… <\/span><\/p>\n

5. \u00d0\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft trong thanh b\u00ecnh<\/span> – an l\u1ea1c<\/span>:<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ng\u1ee7, v\u1eady th\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean quan t\u00e2m<\/span> qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, v\u00ec ai c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00fac ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh an<\/span>. V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef t\u00e2m linh<\/span> trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span>, \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec g\u00e2y kh\u1ed5 \u0111au cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cho k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, “tr\u1ea7n gian n\u00e0y l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u, h\u00e3y \u0111i qua n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 tr\u00ean n\u00f3”. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi n\u00e0o t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span>, thanh b\u00ecnh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u00e1m v\u00edu<\/span> v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, d\u1ea7u gia t\u00e0i<\/span> s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, d\u1ea7u v\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eb9p con ngoan v.v…, th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 l\u00ean thuy\u1ec1n sang s\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> m\u1ecdi kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, ch\u1ebft trong s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an<\/span> ph\u00fac l\u1ea1c<\/span>. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: <\/span><\/p>\n

”B\u1ecf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai<\/span>
\u00d0\u1ebfn b\u00ean kia cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>
\u00dd gi\u1ea3i<\/span> tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3
Ch\u1edb v\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eadn sinh, gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebft” <\/span><\/p>\n

C. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span>:<\/span><\/i><\/b> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an nhi\u00ean<\/span>, t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>, v\u00ec lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> \u0111ang tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/span> ngay tr\u00ean th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng m\u00e1u lu\u00e2n l\u01b0u<\/span>. C\u00e1i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 tham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng “c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i” v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a “c\u00e1i t\u00f4i th\u00edch, t\u00f4i y\u00eau”. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf<\/span> t\u1eeb t\u1eeb c\u00e1i t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> tham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t mai… khi v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn, th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfi b\u1ea1n th\u00ec b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng tham luy\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> b\u00ecnh an<\/span>, s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>; v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> cho s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cao c\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp<\/span> t\u01b0 duy<\/span> v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> – v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>. (Th\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n Hoa Sen<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

IV. Tr\u00edch D\u1eabn<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7\u00a0 Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Vua Di Lan<\/span> \u00d0\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh Na Ti\u00ean<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0o ho\u00e0ng cung<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n

Vua h\u1ecfi: <\/span><\/h4>\n

– B\u1ea1ch \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 ai ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00e2u \u00d0\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 k\u1ebb sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eefng ai sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai kh\u00f4ng sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ai c\u00f2n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ee3 tham d\u1ee5c<\/span> \u00e1i \u00e2n<\/span>, k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>. Ai \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> v\u00f2ng tham d\u1ee5c<\/span> \u00e1i \u00e2n<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1ea1ch \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c, k\u1ebb n\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m<\/span> ni\u1ec7m ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00e2u \u00d0\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m<\/span> ni\u1ec7m ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> tr\u00ed ru\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa th\u00ec m\u1edbi tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Gia s\u00fac<\/span> nh\u01b0 b\u00f2, ng\u1ef1a, ch\u00f3, m\u00e8o… c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> kh\u00e1c ngh\u0129a nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>. Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n. Nh\u1edd tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> m\u00ea l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t d\u1ee9t lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sanh t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Xin v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho tr\u1ea9m d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u00d0\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y th\u1ee3 g\u1eb7t l\u00faa ch\u1ee9? Tay tr\u00e1i h\u1ecd gom b\u1ee5i l\u00faa l\u1ea1i, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec tay m\u1eb7t h\u1ecd c\u1ea7m l\u01b0\u1ee1i h\u00e1i m\u00e0 c\u1eaft. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u00e0 tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> d\u00f9ng nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m<\/span> gom t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i h\u00e1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u00e1i d\u1ee5c<\/span>. Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u00e1i d\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t th\u00ec v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span>. Lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Hay thay! Hay thay! V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c r\u00f5 l\u1eafm.<\/span><\/p>\n

*. T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u00e2n sau.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V<\/b>ua h\u1ecfi:<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1ea1ch \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c, kinh Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span>, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00e1c sanh<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> theo nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span> d\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169 hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u1edbi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c?<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00e2u \u00d0\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00eca con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169 ra m\u00e0 sanh m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u1edbi kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

Na Ti\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1ee5p h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 h\u1ed3i c\u00f2n b\u00fa v\u00fa m\u1eb9 v\u1edbi b\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 cai tr\u1ecb tr\u0103m h\u1ecd<\/span> b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c g\u00ec nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9! H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1eabm nh\u1ecf d\u1ea1i, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd tr\u1eabm l\u1edbn kh\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span> l\u1ec7nh m\u1eabu ho\u00e0ng h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eabu ho\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y nay! L\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee5 ho\u00e0ng c\u0169ng th\u1ebf! V\u00e0 b\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o. V\u00ec \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m tu\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 d\u1ea1y b\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd! Th\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e2n sau kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1eb9 nh\u00e0 vua! Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 thu\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 vua trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i! V\u00e0 k\u1ebb ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i<\/span> gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb c\u00e1o<\/span> ra t\u00f2a ng\u00e0y nay! B\u1ec7 h\u1ea1 l\u00e0m sao bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y?<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1ea1ch \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ai h\u1ecfi \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 kho\u1ea3n n\u1ea7y th\u00ec \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p<\/span> ra sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00e2u \u00d0\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u00e2n b\u1ea7n t\u0103ng<\/span> l\u00fac nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi th\u00e2n b\u1ea7n t\u0103ng<\/span> b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Th\u00e2n \u1ea5y t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t sinh<\/span> m\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Xin cho th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– V\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n<\/span> th\u1eafp t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00f4m n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e1y m\u00e3i cho t\u1edbi s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

– L\u1eeda ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n<\/span> th\u1eafp l\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00f4m v\u1edbi l\u1eeda ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n<\/span> l\u00fac n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam v\u00e0 l\u1eeda ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n<\/span> l\u00fac g\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Trong ba kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n<\/span> n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– V\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1ea5c v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00f4m cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e2u \u00d0\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u00e1p <\/span>n\u00e0y <\/span>\u0111i th\u00ec ph\u00e1p kia t\u1edbi, tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> nhau, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>. T\u1eeb khi sinh ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> l\u1edbn l\u00ean r\u1ed3i gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i th\u00fa h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> ho\u00e0i ho\u00e0i. Cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n c\u0169 sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i l\u00eca th\u00e2n c\u0169 ra m\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n m\u1edbi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. L\u1ea1i v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> s\u1eefa t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1edbi v\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e2u th\u00ec th\u00e0nh s\u1eefa \u00f4i, th\u00e0nh b\u01a1… N\u00f3i s\u1eefa t\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0 b\u01a1 th\u00ec h\u1eb3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i b\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng do s\u1eefa t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e0 ra th\u00ec c\u0169ng sai. C\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> sinh ra v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 sau khi sinh th\u00ec l\u1edbn, gi\u00e0, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ebft. Ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i mang m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n m\u1edbi m\u00e0 sinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span>. M\u1ea5t th\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3 li\u1ec1n th\u1ecd th\u00e2n sau. Cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> sinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, m\u00e0 n\u00f3i ch\u00fang t\u00e1ch l\u00eca kh\u1ecfi nhau c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eb1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Hay thay! Hay thay!<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

*. T\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V<\/b>ua h\u1ecfi:<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1ea1ch \u00d0\u1ea1i \u00d0\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> n\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh x\u00e1c tri vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00e2u \u00d0\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ai t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00e2n \u00e1i<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tham d\u1ee5c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1eef, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi <\/span>n\u00e0y <\/span>n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Xin cho v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/span><\/p>\n

– V\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a lo c\u00e0y b\u1eeba, gieo gi\u1ed1ng, c\u1ea5y m\u1ea1 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a<\/span> thu ho\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u l\u00faa c\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong v\u1ef1a. Qua n\u0103m sau n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00e0y b\u1eeba, gieo gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y m\u1ea1 n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/span> s\u1ed1 l\u00faa c\u00f2n d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7t l\u00faa n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Bi\u1ebft ch\u1ee9!<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng gieo, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5y, t\u1ee9c nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00faa m\u00e0 g\u1eb7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

– B\u1eadc tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Qu\u00ean \u00e2n \u00e1i<\/span>, x\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5 vui, kh\u00f4ng tham d\u1ee5c<\/span>, t\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng gieo, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5y. \u00d0\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1i sanh<\/span>. V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span>, b\u1eadc \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian<\/span> <\/span>n\u00e0y <\/span>n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

*. Kh\u00f4ng B\u1ecb \u00d0\u1ecbnh Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3<\/span> Chi Ph\u1ed1i<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong truy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u00e1o (chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0ng Bhadda), N\u00e0ng h\u1ecfi X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n

- C\u00e1i th\u1ef1c c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i? H\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> ngay \u0111i. H\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>, nh\u01b0 dao ch\u00e9m n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

– N\u00e0y n\u00e0ng Bha\u0111da! — T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 X\u00e1 l\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u1eabn ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> nh\u01b0 phong th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a con m\u1ea3nh s\u01b0 — ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> l\u1edbn l\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. H\u00e3y nghe \u0111\u00e2y, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1i th\u1ef1c \u1ea5y m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00e1i th\u1ef1c \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span>, t\u1eed sanh. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1i th\u1ef1c \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> h\u01b0 v\u00f4<\/span>, c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c h\u1eefu, c\u00e1i v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>, c\u00e1i ngoang kh\u00f4ng ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e0y n\u00e0ng Bha\u0111da, h\u00e3y nghe \u0111\u00e2y! \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i dao ch\u00e9m n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 n\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n. C\u00e1i th\u1ef1c \u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/span>, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i hu\u1ec7<\/span>. C\u00e1i th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span>, tr\u00ed, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> tr\u00ed m\u00e0 c\u00f3, t\u1eeb tu\u1ec7, tu\u1ec7 minh<\/span>, c\u00e1i tu\u1ec7 minh<\/span> \u1ea5y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 trong t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, b\u1eadc A La H\u00e1n<\/span>, k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn l\u1eadu<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>; n\u00e0y n\u00e0ng Bha\u0111da c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u1ecd tr\u00ec! (Th\u1ef1c T\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 Ch\u00ed \u00d0\u1ea1o, trang 121, 122)<\/span><\/p>\n

V. Ph\u00e1p H\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi d\u00f2ng b\u1ed9c l\u01b0u<\/span> sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span> h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span>\u00a0ph\u1ea3i tu ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> trong b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0 H\u00e0nh \u00d0o\u1ea1n Tr\u1eeb L\u1eadu Ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

a)<\/b>.\u00a0H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 duy<\/span><\/b> s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>\u00a0v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> nh\u01b0 d\u1ee5c tham<\/span>, h\u1eefu tham<\/span>, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh<\/span>, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u u\u1ebf<\/span> n\u1ea7y ti\u1ebft l\u1eadu t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u0103n m\u00f4n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac li\u1ec5m, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ec9 t\u1eeb b\u00ecnh ch\u1ea3y, ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t sanh nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed5 sanh t\u1eed<\/span>. Nh\u1edd t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ch\u01b0a sanh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span>. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00fd t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

”\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5”, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y gi\u00e1c tri;<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

: “\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp”, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y gi\u00e1c tri;<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

”\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t”, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y gi\u00e1c tri;<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

: “\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t” v\u1ecb \u1ea5y gi\u00e1c tri.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1edd v\u1ecb \u1ea5y t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ba ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span>: th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, nghi, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/span>. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb<\/span><\/p>\n

b).<\/b> b\u1eb1ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9<\/b> l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho n\u00f3 l\u1ed9 ra ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1ed1t n\u00f3 n\u00f3 trong l\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 n\u1eefa. l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb? <\/span><\/p>\n

.\u201dS\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 con m\u1eaft, c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa\u201d. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y gi\u00e1c tri;<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 l\u1ed7 tai… (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 l\u1ed7i m\u0169i… (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)\u201d;<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee1i… (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)\u201d;<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cS\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u0103n… (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)\u201d;<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

.\u201dS\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u00fd c\u0103n<\/span>. c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

c).<\/b> b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t, th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> y ph\u1ee5c<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> l\u1ea1nh, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00f3ng, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed3i, mu\u1ed7i, gi\u00f3, s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span>, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t, ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> che \u0111\u1eady<\/span> s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea7n tru\u1ed3ng. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t, th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> m\u00f3n \u0103n kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 vui \u0111\u00f9a<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111am m\u00ea<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 trang s\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 (th\u00e2n n\u00e0y) kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> h\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, <\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng (gi\u00e1c tri): “Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ta di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span> c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> c\u0169 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho kh\u1edfi l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m<\/span>, s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u1ed5n<\/span><\/i>“.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ecb \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 \u201dl\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t, th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> s\u00e0ng t\u1ecda, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> l\u1ea1nh, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00f3ng, ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed3i, mu\u1ed7i, gi\u00f3, s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span>, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u00f2 s\u00e1t, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb<\/span> nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9c c\u01b0<\/span> an t\u1ecbnh<\/span>; v\u1ecb \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> kh\u1ed5 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 sanh, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ly kh\u1ed5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span>.\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb<\/span><\/p>\n

d).<\/b>\u00a0b\u1eb1ng kham nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t, kham nh\u1eabn<\/span> l\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3ng, \u0111\u00f3i, kh\u00e1t, s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed3i, mu\u1ed7i, gi\u00f3, s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span>, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i b\u00f2 s\u00e1t; kham nh\u1eabn<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i m\u1ea1 l\u1ef5, ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span>. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh kham nh\u1eabn<\/span> c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5<\/span>, kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t, \u0111au nh\u00f3i, nh\u1ee9c nh\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng sung s\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, ch\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ngh\u0129 \u201ckham nh\u1eabn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa.\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do kham nh\u1eabn<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

e)<\/b> b\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 voi d\u1eef, tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 ng\u1ef1a d\u1eef, tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 b\u00f2 d\u1eef, tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 ch\u00f3 d\u1eef, r\u1eafn, kh\u00fac c\u00e2y, gai g\u00f3c<\/span>, h\u1ed1 s\u00e2u, v\u1ef1c n\u00fai, ao n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edbp, v\u0169ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng<\/span> x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ed3i, nh\u1eefng tr\u00fa x\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean lai v\u00e3ng<\/span>, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu giao du<\/span> th\u00ec b\u1ecb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh<\/span> c\u00f3 tr\u00ed nghi ng\u1edd<\/span>, khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng; v\u1ecb \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng<\/span> x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u1ea5y, tr\u00fa x\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean lai v\u00e3ng<\/span> \u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c<\/span> \u1ea5y. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u201cgi\u00e1c tri tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa\u201d<\/i>, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb<\/span><\/p>\n

f).<\/b>\u00a0b\u1eb1ng tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> d\u1ee5c ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>, tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span>, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng cho t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> (d\u1ee5c ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y); kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> s\u00e2n ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>, tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span>, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng cho t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> (s\u00e2n ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y); kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> h\u1ea1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>, tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span>, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng cho t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> (h\u1ea1i ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y); kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c \u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1p lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>, tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span>, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng cho t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> (c\u00e1c \u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y). V\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u201cgi\u00e1c tri tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa<\/i>\u201d. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

g).<\/b>\u00a0b\u1eb1ng tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp<\/span> ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>, ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e1c chi<\/span> n\u00e0y y vi\u1ec5n ly<\/span>, y ly tham<\/span>, y \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>; nh\u01b0 l\u00fd gi\u00e1c s\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>… (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)… tu t\u1eadp<\/span> tinh t\u1ea5n gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>… tu t\u1eadp<\/span> h\u1ef7 gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>… tu t\u1eadp<\/span> khinh an gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>… tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>… tu t\u1eadp<\/span> x\u1ea3 gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>; x\u1ea3 gi\u00e1c chi<\/span> n\u00e0y y vi\u1ec5n ly<\/span>, y ly tham<\/span>, y \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u201cgi\u00e1c tri tu t\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa<\/i>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

VI.\u00a0K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d0\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ecfi d\u00f2ng b\u1ed9c l\u01b0u<\/span> sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> h\u00e0nh. \u00d0i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i trau gi\u1ed3i ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh t\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span> nghi\u00eam minh<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>. Trong vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span> s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu soi s\u00e1ng<\/span> v\u00f4 minh<\/span> u t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> s\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfu r\u1ecdi cho g\u1edbi lu\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00fac li\u1ec3m th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> mi\u00eam m\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> m\u1ecdi c\u00e1m d\u1ed7<\/span> c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c<\/span>\u00a0v\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. \u00d0\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea5y T\u1eeb Bi<\/span> v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7<\/span> l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span>. Trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c tha<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu s\u0129<\/span> t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u01a1 may gi\u00fap \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u1eeb Bi<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> tu s\u0129<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed9t b\u1ecf c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5<\/span> tha nh\u00e2n<\/span>. Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> t\u1ed1i \u01b0u thanh l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u00e2m th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> an t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>.Trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u1ea5y, Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span> ph\u1ea3i d\u1eb9p b\u1ecf<\/span> t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 trau d\u1ed3i ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh (gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span>) v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u00e2m tr\u00ed<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tu ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> <\/i>l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tham Kh\u1ea3o<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Na Ti\u00ean T\u1ef3 Kheo<\/span>. Cao H\u1eefu \u00d0\u00ednh d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb Pali, \u0111\u0103ng trong website T\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span>: http:\/\/www.tangthuphathoc,net<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u00e2n H\u1ed3i<\/span>. Th\u00edch T\u00e2m<\/span> Thi\u1ec7n. \u00d0\u0103ng trong website Th\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n Hoa Sen<\/span>: http:\/\/www.thuvienhoasen.org.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p tu v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Ph\u1ed5 Nguy\u1ec7t \u0111\u0103ng trong website T\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00d0PHVA. (T\u1ef1 \u00d0i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> Vi\u1ec7t Anh) Thi\u1ec7n Ph\u00fac trong website Qu\u1ea3ng \u00d0\u1ee9c: http:\/\/www.quangduc.com<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c T\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 Ch\u00ed \u00d0\u1ea1o. Ph\u1ed5 Nguy\u1ec7t, 2002, in t\u1ea1i \u00d0\u01b0\u1eddng S\u00e1ng Printing San Jose CA v\u00e0 \u0111\u0103ng trong website T\u1ea1ng Th\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] \u00a0 I. Lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3 (T\u00d0PGVA) 1)\u00a0Nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng; qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6936,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-6935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6935","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6935"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6935\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6935"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6935"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6935"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=6935"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}