{"id":6951,"date":"2020-12-01T07:45:44","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:45:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/01\/dao-duc-phat-giao-va-ky-thuat-tao-sinh\/"},"modified":"2020-12-01T07:45:44","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:45:44","slug":"dao-duc-phat-giao-va-ky-thuat-tao-sinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/01\/dao-duc-phat-giao-va-ky-thuat-tao-sinh\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o sinh"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0110\u1ea0O \u0110\u1ee8C<\/span> PH\u1eacT GI\u00c1O<\/span> V\u00c0 K\u1ef8 THU\u1eacT T\u1ea0O SINH <\/b>
Qu\u00e1n Nh\u01b0
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C\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> rung \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> khi c\u00f4ng ty nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> sinh h\u1ecdc American Advanced Technology (AAT) loan tin l\u00e0 h\u1ecd clone (t\u1ea1o sinh) m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i b\u00e0o (embryo) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n<\/span> thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng k\u1ebft t\u1ed9i c\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc gia mu\u1ed1n c\u01b0\u1edbp quy\u1ec1n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc gia, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u00f3c T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng<\/span> ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n Anh \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt<\/span> ch\u1ed1ng cloning, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o thi h\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u00f4i b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t tinh tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi k\u00eau \u00e1n<\/span> 10 n\u0103m t\u00f9. T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng Bush tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span> l\u00e0 cloning ph\u00f4i b\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00fac d\u1ee5c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt<\/span> c\u1ea5m cloning ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m cloning v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u tra<\/span> xem k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u00fap \u00edch g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o<\/span> cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span> t\u1ea1i \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span>. Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c, Gia N\u00e3 \u0110\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00dd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng<\/span> ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang<\/span> ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> gi\u1eefa hai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cloning. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Cloning th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> (productive cloning) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o bi h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i (theurapetic cloning) trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ea7m s\u1ed1ng s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi<\/span>, ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span>\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c ph\u00f4i b\u00e0o do AAT c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi sinh ra ch\u1eebng 6 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Vatican d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span> nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00ean \u00e1n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u00f4i sinh (stem cell) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa b\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7<\/span> T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00ean \u00e1n productive cloning nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn cho ph\u00e9p<\/span> theurapetic cloning c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ph\u00f4i sinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa b\u1ecbnh.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c trung t\u00e2m<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> Advanced Cell Technology, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/span> Robert Lanza, n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn lao trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng nan y v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> y h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o<\/span>, nh\u01b0 ung th\u01b0, ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng run r\u1ea9y (Parkinson) \u1edf c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc gia \u1edf trung t\u00e2m<\/span> ACT ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ebfn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 B\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> Judson Someville, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u00ea li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean xe l\u0103n v\u00ec m\u1ed9t tai n\u1ea1n<\/span> xe \u0111\u1ea1p 11 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. B\u00e1c S\u0129<\/span> Someville \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u1edf b\u1eafp ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ph\u00f4i b\u00e0o v\u00e0o. C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y khi sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eef to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n<\/span> nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf cho<\/span> c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> Someville c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. B\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> Someville s\u1eafp s\u1eefa l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hai c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i n\u1ebfu th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span>, \u00f4ng hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i d\u1ea1o b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u1edbi 2 c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i. B\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> Someville l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o Tin L\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cloning, cho d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 cloning ch\u1eefa b\u1ecbnh. B\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> Someville n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i<\/span> g\u00ec khi tham gia<\/span> v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/span> g\u00ec v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin<\/span> t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ea7n T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/span> khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ecf r\u01a1i<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf<\/span> th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi th\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc. L\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed<\/span>, v\u1ec1 khoa di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Christina Desser.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span> \u1edf M\u1ef9 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a: \u2018N\u1ebfu cloning \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ed7ng ch\u1ed1c bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9\u2019. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> \u0111\u00f9a, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh<\/span> l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>; ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n quan c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ea5t Khinh, ai c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> b\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f9a \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat l\u1ea1c quan<\/span> ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a khoa sinh h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ai l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> c\u1ee7a khoa n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c<\/span> b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hay t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: m\u1ed9t\u00a0th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f2n b\u1ecbnh t\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> l\u00e0m v\u01a1i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> t\u0103ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lo c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ai b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i. Y t\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/span> nh\u1eefng gene<\/i> t\u1ed1t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1a to\u00e0n h\u1ea1t l\u00faa gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi<\/span> h\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span> l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n<\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3u Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n, m\u00e0 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span> m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby nh\u01b0 c\u00fac v\u1ea1n th\u1ecd<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng ai ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span> s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m kho ch\u1ecbu v\u00ec trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n<\/span> tri th\u1ee9c<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khuynh \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00e1c gene<\/i> g\u00e2y b\u1ecbnh gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1eddng sanh b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o Trang th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1<\/span> th\u1eadt. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> d\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng<\/span> tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m nay v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t! Nh\u1eefng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span>. T\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng<\/span> con, kh\u00f4ng ai ng\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 10 n\u0103m, nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5c m\u1ed9ng<\/span> n\u00e0y b\u1ed7ng ch\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1<\/span> th\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u00e1t b\u00e0n hay th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/span> n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai tay v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u00f3n m\u1eebng nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> nh\u1eefng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00e0o canh n\u00f4ng, y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 sinh s\u1ea3n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1<\/span> v\u00e0 khoa sinh h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span>. Trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span> qua, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5y gene <\/i>v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c (transgenic) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> b\u1eafp, l\u00faa m\u00ec, g\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c; vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed sinh h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u00fa \u00fd; ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>; s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/span> y khoa. Khi ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o (productive cloning) ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ec3 di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 khoa sinh h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i pho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f2n l\u1edd m\u1edd<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> n\u00e0y. Trong khi Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> c\u00f2n ch\u0103m ch\u00fa v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1 thai<\/span>, c\u00e1c li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> sinh l\u00fd<\/span> th\u00e1i qu\u00e1<\/span>, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1i t\u00ednh, khoa sinh h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> tr\u1ebb trung \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/span> nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u1ec1 canh n\u00f4ng v\u00e0 y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> n\u00e0y ra sao? Khoa h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng<\/span> nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> cho nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi? Hay \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i v\u00f4 minh<\/span> nguy hi\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb tham, s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed3 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn canh n\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Monsanto, Novarris, DuPont v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> gene <\/i>c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng- c\u1ed5 v\u1ecf cho khoa di truy\u1ec1n<\/span>, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do<\/span> nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00e0 khoa di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00ec n\u00f4ng ph\u1ea9m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o<\/span> h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i \u0103n n\u1eefa. Khoa di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c x\u1ecbt s\u00e2u r\u1ea7y. Khoa di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba cho d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf<\/span> nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span>. Vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn n\u00e0y theo \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> h\u1ecdc. Hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng ph\u1eabm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 G\u1ea1o V\u00e0ng (Golden Rice) do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y. Cho t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi ng\u1edd<\/span> v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 m\u00f9a c\u00f3 gene <\/i>b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> gene <\/i>c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng ph\u1ea9m, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00fa v\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n gene <\/i>(transgenic) nh\u01b0 d\u00ea, b\u00f2, chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 heo. C\u1edb quan ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 s\u1eafp s\u1eeda ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn<\/span> cho ph\u00e9p<\/span> ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 h\u1ed3i (salmon) c\u00f3 gene <\/i>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1edbn th\u1eadt nhanh v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty nu\u00f4i c\u00e1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span> m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1 ch\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i gene <\/i>c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tung ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1ea3 v\u00e0o thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span> m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i gene<\/i>. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecd n\u00e0y khi l\u00e0m t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c con b\u1ecd c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd sinh ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ee9ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 m\u00f9a mang b\u00f4ng v\u1ea3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con b\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed5i gene<\/i> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o thu h\u1ed3i<\/span> l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong khi nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c<\/span>, b\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00e1 c\u00f3 gene<\/i> b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i sinh thi\u00ean<\/span> nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o sinh (cloned) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gene <\/i>bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> s\u1ebd v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span><\/b> l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ngh\u0129 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1<\/span> th\u1ef1c. H\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc Hitler m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i Aryan to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh<\/span> ho\u00e1 qua phim The Boys From Brazil<\/i> do Gregory Peck \u0111\u00f3ng vai ch\u00e1nh<\/span>, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, n\u1ebfu lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/span> cho ph\u00e9p! Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i<\/span> Raelians hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o sinh (cloning) m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a hai t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m b\u00ed m\u1eadt<\/span>. M\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o sinh kh\u00e1c do Ti\u1ebfn S\u0129<\/span> Panayiotis Zaros c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> M\u1ef9 Andrology v\u00e0 Trung T\u00e2m<\/span> Kentucky Centre for Reproductive Medicine \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span>. Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129<\/span> Zaros \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed5 l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i. Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span> trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o sinh v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n y\u00eau<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng sanh b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span>. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con n\u1ed1i d\u00f5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o sinh n\u1ea9y ra nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i<\/span>. C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng<\/span> \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1i th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng<\/span> vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o sinh ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o? Nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed1i d\u00f5i qua h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ea1o sinh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn!<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 con c\u00e1i mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 con theo \u00fd m\u00ecnh (design baby) sau khi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc<\/span> nh\u1eefng gene <\/i>h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5y v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng gene <\/i>t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> m\u00e0 Hitler ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 mong mu\u1ed1n? Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n gene <\/i>\u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra design babies n\u00f3i l\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai g\u1ea7n, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hai \u2018gi\u1ed1ng\u2019 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> \u2018tr\u1eddi sinh sao th\u00ec c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eady\u2019 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u2018gi\u1ed1ng\u2019 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n gene <\/i>th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb5ng. Nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Lee Silver cho r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu cloning v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n gene <\/i>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/span> b\u1eadt \u0111\u00e8n xanh, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> M\u1ef9 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd c\u00f3 hai \u2018gi\u1ed1ng\u2019 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n gene <\/i>chi\u1ebfm 10% trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd n\u1eafm t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7n n\u00e3o trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng<\/span>, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> (\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span>), trong khi 90% c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 h\u1ea1 ti\u1ec7n. T\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 hai gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> n\u1eefa v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u2018d\u1ecb gi\u1ed1ng\u2019 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1eefa, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3n, hai b\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> sinh l\u00fd<\/span> n\u1eefa. L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> \u2018th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o\u2019, b\u1ea3y n\u1ebdo lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i! V\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> l\u00e0 bao. Thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n quy\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh<\/span> cho \u0111\u1eb5ng c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u0129<\/span> b\u00e0 la m\u00f4n<\/span>, gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng gene <\/i>to\u00e0n b\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, \u0103n tr\u00ean ng\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edfng? Vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> c\u00f3 hai \u2018gi\u1ed1ng\u2019 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t c\u00f3 gene <\/i>to\u00e0n b\u00edch, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span>, g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u!<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1o sinh (cloning) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh<\/span> b\u00ed m\u1eadt<\/span> trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o r\u1ed3i. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> gene <\/i>kh\u00f4ng th\u00e8m \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> d\u1ebfn m\u00f4i sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra khi vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u00e1c gene <\/i>gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span>. V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n gene <\/i>gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e2y c\u1ecf kh\u00e1c nhau, Steve Jones, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 khoa di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n tin r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> gene <\/i>s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c gene <\/i>\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ed5i trong th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt<\/span> s\u1ebd l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gene <\/i>kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy h\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 gene <\/i>l\u00e0m tuy\u1ec7t gi\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0n lan<\/span>, th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng th\u00ec m\u00f4i sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee5 ph\u1ea5n, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft hoa hay qu\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4i sinh trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> m\u1ea5t th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng<\/span> th\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span> s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng? C\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3. C\u00e1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n, Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd<\/span> thuy\u1ebft duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> tr\u1edf n\u00ean minh b\u1ea1ch<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf!<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> n\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed<\/span> s\u1ebd suy ngh\u0129<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Michel Houellebecq t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> quy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng Elementary Particles<\/i> (Vi Tr\u1ea7n?) cho r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/span> v\u1edbi cloning, hay \u00edt ra l\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong truy\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e2y con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n nay s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi trung l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1i t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1<\/i>. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 tuy c\u00f3 im l\u1eb7ng<\/span> v\u00e0 nghi ng\u1edd<\/span>, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebf, Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn sinh l\u00e3o b\u1ecbnh<\/span> t\u1eed, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1<\/i> nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> n\u00e0y, Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cloning<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i (t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span>) ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Houllebecq kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> di\u1ec7n cho ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng tu s\u0129<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> m\u1edbi s\u1ebd n\u1ea9y sinh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> sang m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng (hay ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng) ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i sinh quanh m\u00ecnh, quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai? K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o sinh -sinh s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> sinh l\u00fd<\/span> – c\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span> tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi<\/span> b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span> nh\u1eefng ham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> v\u1ec1 sinh l\u00fd? K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o sinh c\u00f3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1<\/span> quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00e1i ng\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n hay l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 con con (mini-me\u2019s) v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> mau gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> h\u01a1n? Hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00e0ng \u00f4m ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 \u2018duy ng\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u2019 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0<\/span> \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean ki\u1ebfn? Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u1ee5 ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2<\/span> n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thay \u0111\u1ed5i, bi\u1ebfn ho\u00e1<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f9a b\u1ee1n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nay trong khoa h\u1ecdc di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00fac con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> ra l\u1eeda v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nguy\u00ean<\/span> t\u1eed. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1o sinh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vatican ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 b\u1ed5<\/span>. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1edbi cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>. N\u1ebfu Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed<\/span>, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 loay hoay v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i lo \u00e2u<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u1eb7t v\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1o ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1n<\/span>, t\u1ee5ng kinh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> m\u1ea5y th\u1eddi, ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00fang, th\u1ea7y t\u1ee5ng, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i<\/span> ki\u1ec3u v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0<\/span> chuy\u00ean \u0111i l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp c\u00e1c t\u00edn d\u1ed3 nh\u1eb9 d\u1ea1. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00edch ra m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n ng\u1eef th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span> cho h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> tu n\u00e0y l\u00e0, m\u00e0i ng\u00f3i ngh\u00ecn ki\u1ebfp, ng\u00f3i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u00f3i, ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd ng\u00f3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> g\u01b0\u01a1ng. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n Nh\u01b0<\/span><\/address>\n
<\/address>\n
(vi\u1ebft theo Christina Desser, <\/i>Tricycle s\u1ed1 K\u1ef7 Ni\u1ec7m M\u01b0\u1eddi N\u0103m, M\u00f9a Thu<\/span> 2001.)<\/i><\/span><\/address>\n<\/div>\n

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