{"id":6953,"date":"2020-12-01T07:46:07","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:46:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/01\/tu-thanh-de-huu-tac-den-chan-ly-toi-hau\/"},"modified":"2020-12-01T07:46:07","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T00:46:07","slug":"tu-thanh-de-huu-tac-den-chan-ly-toi-hau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/01\/tu-thanh-de-huu-tac-den-chan-ly-toi-hau\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1eeb th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf h\u1eefu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ad_1]
\n<\/p>\n

\n

Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 th\u1ebf kia.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

I. CH\u00c2N L\u00dd<\/span> \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C CH\u1ee8NG NGHI\u1ec6M<\/span> B\u1edeI H\u00c0NG NH\u1eca TH\u1eeaA<\/span><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> do b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00e1c<\/span>, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0111ang b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c r\u00e0ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span> ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh t\u1eed<\/span>, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 duy<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>.
H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ai tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cha m\u1eb9<\/span> sinh ra v\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 g\u00ec sau khi h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i<\/span> n\u00e0y h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t?<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 “l\u00e3o t\u1eed”, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft” do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> ra c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u01b0\u1eddi hai duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y sinh th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia sinh. <\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ecd kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> ra s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eb7t “l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n”. V\u00e0 trong m\u1eb7t l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>. Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 “sanh, l\u00e3o – t\u1eed”. T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 “\u00e1i, th\u1ee7, h\u1eefu”, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 “th\u1ee9c, danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span>, x\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u1ecd” l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>; “v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh” l\u00e0 T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 h\u1ecd qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> M\u01b0\u1eddi hai duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> theo m\u1eb7t “ho\u00e0n di\u1ec7t”, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia di\u1ec7t. “v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ” di\u1ec7t th\u00ec \u201cth\u1ee9c, danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span>, x\u00fac, th\u1ecd\u201d c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 “\u00e1i, th\u1ee7, h\u1eefu” m\u00e0 di\u1ec7t th\u00ec “sanh, l\u00e3o – t\u1eed” c\u0169ng t\u00f9y di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n<\/span> chi\u1ebfu M\u01b0\u1eddi hai duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> theo c\u00e1ch “ho\u00e0n di\u1ec7t” nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, v\u00e0 “\u00e1i, th\u1ee7, h\u1eefu” c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ” h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh” ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> g\u1ed3m: Ki\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>, d\u1ee5c \u00e1i tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>, s\u1eafc \u00e1i<\/span> tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00e1i tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c do qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> M\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, Th\u1eafng Man th\u01b0a v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: “H\u00e0ng Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed m\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>, b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed m\u00e0 t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ed<\/span>, c\u00f9ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y”<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> n\u00ean theo Th\u1eafng Man, h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 minh tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, theo Th\u1eafng Man, b\u1ed1n Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean hay b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> nh\u1eb1m \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00e1c<\/span>, n\u00ean c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 H\u1eefu d\u01b0 y Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

II. CH\u00c2N L\u00dd<\/span> \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C CH\u1ee8NG NGHI\u1ec6M<\/span> B\u1edeI NH\u01af LAI<\/span><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec tr\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00fd l\u00e0 hai, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ed<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u00ed do qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eadp tr\u00ed<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u00ed do qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp<\/span> kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh. \u0110\u1ea1o tr\u00ed<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u00ed do qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t tr\u00ed<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u00ed do qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi kh\u1ed5 \u0111au ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> l\u00e0 ti\u1ec7m ch\u00ed, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> nhau, do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ed \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00fd \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c l\u00fd hay l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, h\u00e0ng Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> qua s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1o<\/span> d\u1ee5c, kh\u01a1i m\u1edf v\u00e0 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, Th\u1eafng Man n\u00f3i: “Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00e1c<\/span>. V\u00ec l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00e1c<\/span>, n\u00ean h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i<\/span>, Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span>, Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e1c”.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> do nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ng\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai d\u00ecu d\u1eaft<\/span>, kh\u01a1i m\u1edf hay kh\u00edch l\u1ec7, n\u00ean Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> b\u1edfi Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> b\u1edfi Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span>, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u1ec7m th\u1ee9<\/span> hay ti\u1ec7m ch\u00ed. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> ngay s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp, Di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi. V\u00e0 khi nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> ngay n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch sinh t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf l\u00fd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, Th\u1eafng Man n\u00f3i: “Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span> n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec7m ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7m ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean. Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 ti\u1ec7m ch\u00ed l\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf<\/span> gian\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span> hay l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed<\/span> ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a tr\u00ed<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng-tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> v\u1ec1 tr\u00ed gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. Tr\u00ed \u1ea5y c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch V\u00f4 minh tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp<\/span> \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> hay l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>, ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a tr\u00ed<\/span> m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp<\/span>. Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> b\u1eb1ng s\u01a1 qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede trong T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span>, l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>, l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span>, l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp<\/span> b\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, Di\u1ec7t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh ngh\u0129a duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> \u1edf trong c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> \u1edf trong c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp<\/span> Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>. V\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba<\/span> m\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u00fd ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eeba kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c th\u1eeba kh\u00e1c \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> t\u1eeb n\u01a1i Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba<\/span> m\u00e0 v\u1eadn kh\u1edfi, thi thi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh<\/span> Tam Th\u1eeba<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eeb n\u01a1i Di\u1ec7t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> hay \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> m\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c th\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c th\u1eeba ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"thanhdehuutac-thichthaihoa-content\"

Sau khi th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1eddn Nai<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n<\/span> ba l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi M\u01b0\u1eddi hai h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:
Chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y:<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.
H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y:<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y:<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, \u0111\u00e3 chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m\u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.
H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ee1i c\u00e1c t\u1ef7 kh\u01b0u !<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn kh\u1ed5 di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nghe, chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, m\u1eaft minh tri\u1ec7t, m\u1eaft gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh. [1]<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1eddn Nai<\/span>, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn ba lo\u1ea1i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u1ecb, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch n\u0103m anh em Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba lo\u1ea1i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Th\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>: Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> do \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 khai th\u1ecb cho h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. Khuy\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>: Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sau khi khai th\u1ecb T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. Ch\u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>: Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> khai th\u1ecb, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Ng\u00e0i C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u1edf Th\u1eafng Man B\u1ea3o Kh\u1ed1t [2], T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. H\u1eefu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> hay H\u1eefu bi\u00ean<\/span> T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>. Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 y c\u1ee9<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u1eadp nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span>. V\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu bi\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> hay V\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>, l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 y c\u1ee9<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u1eadp Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba<\/span>. V\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, theo kinh Th\u1eafng Man, ph\u1ea9m Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> [3], c\u00f3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 hai lo\u1ea1i Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u00e1c th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. H\u1eefu t\u00e1c<\/span> Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> hay H\u1eefu l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> kh\u00f4ng do h\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n<\/span> t\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri<\/span>, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ng\u1ed9 m\u00e0 do Ph\u1eadt khai th\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. V\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> hay V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> do Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> t\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri<\/span>, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ng\u1ed9, Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> hay V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>: “H\u1eefu t\u00e1c l\u00e0 Quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebf. V\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>. N\u00f3i quy\u1ec1n hay th\u1ef1c, n\u00f3i t\u00e1c hay v\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> h\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 n\u00f3i. Sau Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp<\/span> qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu t\u00e1c<\/span>. Sau Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> n\u1eefa, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 t\u00e1c”.[4]<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, Ng\u00e0i Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i<\/span>, l\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi T\u1ee9 gi\u00e1o<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Sinh di\u1ec7t T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf trong T\u1ea1ng Gi\u00e1o<\/span> (gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y<\/span>) l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/span> sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. V\u00f4 sanh<\/span> T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Hay l\u00e0 T\u00e1c v\u00f4 sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7t T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o<\/span> (gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> b\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>) l\u00e0 n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 V\u00f4 sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> g\u1ed3m m\u00ea v\u00e0 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>: T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf trong Bi\u1ec7t Gi\u00e1o<\/span> (gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> thu\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>) l\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> h\u1eb1ng h\u00e0 sa s\u1ed1<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span>, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. V\u00f4 t\u00e1c T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf trong Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1o<\/span> (gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> T\u1ed1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1eeba<\/span>) l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ea v\u00e0 ng\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> gi\u1eefa m\u00ea v\u00e0 ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<\/span>. [5]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u00ec Th\u00e1nh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3i<\/span> v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 v\u1eady, n\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1ebf kia l\u00e0 do c\u0103n c\u01a1<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

IV. CH\u00c2N L\u00dd<\/span> T\u1ed0I H\u1eacU<\/span><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t xung quanh<\/span> ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt<\/span> chung quanh ta l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span>, b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn<\/span>, l\u00e0 mu\u00f4n n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m t\u1ee5c<\/span>. Th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra chung quanh ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u, ch\u00fang di\u1ec5n ra trong s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1eadc Ki\u1ebfn Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1eady, Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 cho m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> hay l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> b\u1edfi b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.
Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u00ednh v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n<\/span> n\u1eafm gi\u1eef n\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1t khao mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, khi n\u01a1i ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span>, c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 phi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n<\/span>, c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> b\u00e8 ph\u00e1i v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/span> sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, khi n\u01a1i t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1eaby nh\u1eefng v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span>. V\u00f4 minh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111i t\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111i t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng phi l\u00fd<\/span> nh\u01b0 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1<\/span>, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span>, d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1<\/span>, phi lu\u00e2n, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb. Kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau cao v\u1ee3i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh d\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00f4 h\u00e8n. Kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> bay b\u1ed5ng v\u00e0o ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> b\u1ecb g\u00e3y c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 s\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm \u1edf trong sinh t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 minh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> b\u1ec3 v\u1ee5n. V\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> \u1edf trong ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111au. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span>, t\u1ef1 ki\u00eau v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc th\u00ec ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t khoan dung<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, l\u00e0 h\u1eadn th\u00f9<\/span> v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e1p lo\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u1ecf v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>. Ph\u00e1p \u0111i theo<\/span> v\u1edbi v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m ph\u00e1p. Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u00e1nh hay ph\u00e0m, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang t\u00ednh “thanh” th\u00ec ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang t\u00ednh “tr\u01b0\u1ee3c” th\u00ec ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a “t\u1ecbnh” th\u00ec ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a “nhi\u1ec5m” th\u00ec ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m ph\u00e1p. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang “t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng” th\u00ec ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang “t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a h\u1eefu t\u01b0\u1edbng” th\u00ec ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m. <\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> h\u1eadn th\u00f9<\/span> th\u00ec ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi<\/span> s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/span> che khu\u1ea5t<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m. <\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf<\/span> s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 an l\u1ea1c<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o mang th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ph\u00e1p hay ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p hay ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng khi trong ph\u00e1p hay ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3 mang th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span>, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u00ec, th\u00ec ph\u00e1p hay ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi theo c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1i t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u1eady, ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, v\u00ec n\u01a1i t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u1eeba c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m l\u1eabn Th\u00e1nh, n\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf ph\u00e0m theo Th\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecf Th\u00e1nh theo ph\u00e0m, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbp b\u1edfi t\u00e1m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>.
- Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy<\/span>.
- Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span>.
- Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.
- Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng.
- Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn.
- Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m<\/span>.
- Thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i, n\u00f3i n\u0103ng, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n \u1edf trong Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian<\/span> x\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbp, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hai th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do v\u1eady, khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> s\u1ea1ch v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u01b0 duy<\/span>, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span>, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, s\u1ef1 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, t\u1eebng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u00e0 trong t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span> trong t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n \u0111i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1t khao t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span>, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eadp c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i tim v\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn chi\u1ebfc l\u00e1, c\u1ee5m m\u00e2y, d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, con s\u00e2u, con ki\u1ebfn…
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111ang kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u. V\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Di\u1ec7t Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span>. Di\u1ec7t Th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng<\/span>, ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do<\/span> an l\u1ea1c<\/span> tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u1ee9ng th\u00e2n<\/span> th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span> mang ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i bi<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ed<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span>, an \u1ee7i<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y che m\u00e1t ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, l\u00e0m su\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n b\u00ecnh an<\/span> cho h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> t\u1eafm g\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> d\u1eabn l\u1ed1i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> \u0111i, \u0111em l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>, ni\u1ec1m tin<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c<\/span> cho h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i quy ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span>, l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span>, \u0110\u1ee9c Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00ecu d\u1eaft<\/span> m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> l\u00e0 B\u1eadc Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T.T.H.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

[1] Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft<\/span> tam chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n kinh<\/span>, trang 504, \u0110TTT2.
[2] Th\u1eafng Man B\u1ea3o Kh\u1ed1t, h\u1ea1, trang 63, \u0110TTT37.
[3] Th\u1eafng Man S\u01b0 T\u1eed H\u1ed1ng<\/span> Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1eeba<\/span>, trang 221, \u0110TTT12.
[4] Th\u1eafng Man B\u1ea3o Kh\u1ed1t, trang 69a, \u0110TTT37.
[5] Ph\u1eadt quang<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n 2, trang 1842b.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[ad_2]
\n
Ngu\u1ed3n : Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ad_1] Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6954,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-6953","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6953","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6953"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6953\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6953"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6953"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6953"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=6953"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}