{"id":7054,"date":"2020-12-02T01:02:07","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T18:02:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/02\/duc-phat-thuyet-giang-ve-tanh-khong-kinh-culasunnata-sutta-va-kinh-mahasunnata-sutta\/"},"modified":"2020-12-02T01:02:07","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T18:02:07","slug":"duc-phat-thuyet-giang-ve-tanh-khong-kinh-culasunnata-sutta-va-kinh-mahasunnata-sutta","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/02\/duc-phat-thuyet-giang-ve-tanh-khong-kinh-culasunnata-sutta-va-kinh-mahasunnata-sutta\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng – Kinh Culasunnata-sutta v\u00e0 Kinh Mahasunnata-sutta"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0110\u1ee8C PH\u1eacT<\/span> THUY\u1ebeT GI\u1ea2NG<\/span> V\u1ec0 T\u00c1NH KH\u00d4NG<\/span> <\/b>
Kinh Culasunnata-sutta v\u00e0 Kinh Mahasunnata-sutta <\/b><\/span>
Hoang Phong<\/span>
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\"ducphatgiangtanhkhong-hoangphong\"

\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span>, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh ra c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> hay m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> d\u00f9 th\u1eadt nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu trong s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> c\u1ea5u h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. S\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng hay t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang (ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Sunyata<\/i> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 Sunnata<\/i>). Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/span>, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> chung c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> – t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> linh, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khoa h\u1ecdc. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2<\/span> then ch\u1ed1t<\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111au.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Theo d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span> tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> uy\u00ean b\u00e1c<\/span> tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh. H\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> Theravada v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a m\u00e0 nay \u0111\u00e3 mai m\u1ed9t<\/span>, th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> – hay b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> “v\u00f4 ng\u00e3” - c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span>. Trung qu\u00e1n lu\u1eadn<\/span> (Madhyamika<\/i>) khai tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ”c\u00e1i t\u00f4i” c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span>. Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> hay m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u1edf gi\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span>, t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/span> n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> gi\u00fap th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span> c\u00f2n n\u00eau l\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 hai s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span>: t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> hay s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> t\u00e1c do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. Duy th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc<\/span> (Cittamatra) th\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phi-\u0111\u1ed1i-ngh\u1ecbch gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean<\/span>. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> b\u00ean trong tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span>. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c<\/span>. C\u00e1c t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00e0 chi ph\u00e1i trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p tu t\u1eadp<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> trong Tam T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> cho th\u1ea5y th\u1eadt ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, s\u00fac t\u00edch<\/span>, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng mang n\u1eb7ng t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> si\u00eau h\u00ecnh, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 k\u00e9m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n. V\u1eady \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Hai b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> Culasunnata-sutta<\/i> v\u00e0 Mahasunnata-sutta<\/i> trong Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 hai b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. Kinh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ecdi hai b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0\u00a0Kinh Ti\u1ec3u Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> <\/i>v\u00e0 Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>,<\/i> th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span> cho l\u1eafm b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 “kh\u00f4ng” th\u00ec n\u00e0o c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> “\u0111\u1ea1i” hay “ti\u1ec3u” n\u1eefa. Thanassaro Bikkhu d\u1ecbch t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a hai b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y sang ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 The Lesser Discourse on Emptiness<\/i> v\u00e0 The Greater Discourse on Emptiness<\/i>, n\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a theo \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi hai b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 “B\u00e0i Kinh<\/span> ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng”<\/i> v\u00e0 “B\u00e0i Kinh<\/span> d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng”<\/i>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef “kh\u00f4ng”<\/i> trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/i> c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u sai, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau: ch\u1eef “kh\u00f4ng” g\u1ed1c N\u00f4m c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn, v\u00e0 ch\u1eef “kh\u00f4ng” g\u1ed1c H\u00e1n th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng”, kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a hay c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef g\u00ec c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00e0y m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef “kh\u00f4ng” trong thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng”. Trong ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ghi ch\u00fa nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p th\u00eam v\u00e0o v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc theo d\u00f5i<\/span> d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef nghi\u00eang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t trong hai d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c. Sau ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 v\u00e0i l\u1eddi ghi ch\u00fa nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span> trong b\u00e0i kinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Kinh Culasunnata-sutta<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(B\u00e0i kinh<\/span> ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(d\u1ef1a theo c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a M\u00f4han Wijayaratna v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u1ee7a Thanissaro Bikkhu)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0T\u00f4i t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> ng\u1ee5 n\u01a1i t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n m\u1eabu<\/span> v\u1ecb Mig\u00e2ra-Mita t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i Tu Vi\u1ec7n<\/span> Ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng (Pubbarama) thu\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh X\u00e1 V\u1ec7<\/span> (S\u00e2vathi). Sau khi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> bu\u1ed5i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/span> v\u00e0o l\u00fac tr\u01b0a th\u00ec v\u1ecb T\u00f4n K\u00ednh<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 (nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n trong kinh l\u00e0 Ayasmanta Ananda, ch\u1eef Ayasmanta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 v\u1ecb T\u00f4n K\u00ednh<\/span> hay v\u1ecb \u0110\u00e1ng K\u00ednh<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u0169ng n\u00ean l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c kinh s\u00e1ch “nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y” b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Pa-li th\u00ec ch\u1eef Ayasmanta ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>) <\/i>\u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n<\/span> th\u00ec v\u1ecb T\u00f4n K\u00ednh<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5<\/span> \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> r\u1ed3i l\u00f9i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. Sau khi an t\u1ecda th\u00ec v\u1ecb T\u00f4n K\u00ednh<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 b\u00e8n c\u1ea5t l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0- ”B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ee5 \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Nagaraka thu\u1ed9c x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Sakka (Sakka l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Pa-li, ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Sakya, d\u1ecbch \u00e2m ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Th\u00edch-ca, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>. V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp \u1ea5y v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span> Ng\u00e0i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: ‘N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, Ta lu\u00f4n an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0111ang trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u00ec Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng an tr\u00fa<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n n\u1eefa’. B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0- ”Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf; nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110ang trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Ta t\u1eebng an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u00ec nay Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng an tr\u00fa<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec nh\u01b0 gian t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1<\/span> n\u00e0y do Mig\u00e2ra-Mat\u00e2 x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con voi n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con b\u00f2 c\u00e1i n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con ng\u1ef1a c\u00e1i n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea1c, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 n\u00e0o t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp<\/span>. Gian t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1<\/span> ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng-tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t [c\u1ee7a n\u00f3] thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> b\u1edfi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 T\u0103ng \u0110o\u00e0n<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 danh x\u01b0ng m\u00e0 T\u0103ng \u0110o\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 gian t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

1- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 r\u1eebng<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, [m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9] t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khu r\u1eebng (Thanissaro kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 “khu r\u1eebng” m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “n\u01a1i hoang d\u00e3” - wilderness, trong nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Pa-li th\u00ec ch\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 khu r\u1eebng<\/span>)<\/i>. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 khu r\u1eebng. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khu r\u1eebng’. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng-tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khu r\u1eebng’ (t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 hoang d\u00e3<\/span> – kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> – duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m” v\u1ec1 khu r\u1eebng<\/span>)<\/i>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o (trong khu r\u1eebng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n<\/span>)<\/i> th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u00e0n d\u01b0 (r\u00e9sidu \/ remains<\/span>)<\/i> n\u00e0o, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 \u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “Khi c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3, [th\u00ec] c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3” (\u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean – interdependence – c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1edd l\u00f4i k\u00e9o nhau m\u00e0 c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7n<\/span> h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span>, ri\u00eang r\u1ebd v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e2u kinh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu trong khi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a khu r\u1eebng m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u00f4i k\u00e9o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh ra n\u00f3)<\/span><\/i>. <\/span>N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span> h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span> (d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi<\/span> th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt)<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

2- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khu r\u1eebng, [m\u00e0] ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m da b\u00f2 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103ng th\u1eadt th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m c\u00e1i c\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00ednh m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u1ee1 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. C\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span>, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cao, nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 v\u00e0 gai g\u00f3c<\/span>… ho\u1eb7c n\u00fai non, thung l\u0169ng, v.v…, [m\u00e0] ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5t (c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u01a1i cao ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5p, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5m da b\u00f2 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y con b\u00f2 \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft m\u1ee1 d\u00ednh tr\u00ean t\u1ea5m da c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n<\/span>)<\/i>. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 r\u1eebng. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t’ (ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn to\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t, ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c<\/span>)<\/i>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 r\u1eebng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t, [m\u00e0] ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn” (sph\u00e8re de l’espace infini \/ infinitude of space<\/span>)<\/i>. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. Tu duy c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 r\u1eebng. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ”b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”‘ (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i)<\/span><\/i>.<\/span> V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u00e0n d\u01b0 n\u00e0o th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “Khi c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 [th\u00ec] c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3”. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ”b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”, [m\u00e0] ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn” (sph\u00e8re de conscience infinie \/ the infinitude of consciousness. Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/span> b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> trong ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra s\u1ef1 bao la<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y hay c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra m\u1ed9t tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> bao la<\/span> b\u00ean trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n)<\/span><\/i>. <\/span>T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ‘b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn’. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng-tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o (x\u1ea3y ra trong b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00f3<\/span>)<\/i>, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u00e0n d\u01b0 n\u00e0o, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 \u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “Khi c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3, [th\u00ec] c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3”. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”, [m\u00e0] ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4” (sph\u00e8re du n\u00e9ant \/ dimension of nothingness \/ s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u1ea3)<\/span><\/i>. <\/span>T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4”. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ”N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4”. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng-tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4”. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o (hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4<\/span> \u0111\u00f3)<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u00e0n d\u01b0 n\u00e0o, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 \u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “Khi c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3, [th\u00ec] c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3”. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng Kh\u00f4ng-ph\u1ea3i-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4”, [m\u00e0] ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng-ph\u1ea3i-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn” (sph\u00e8re sans perception ni non-perception \/ dimension of neither perception nor non-perception \/ ch\u1eef n\u00e0y trong b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span> g\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 nevasann\u00e2n\u00e2sann\u00e2yatana, c\u00e1c ch\u1eef sanna-na-sanna trong t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn<\/span>)<\/i>. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng-ph\u1ea3i-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn”. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4”. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng-ph\u1ea3i-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn” ‘. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4”. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng-tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng-ph\u1ea3i-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn”. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o (hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3<\/span>)<\/i>, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u00e0n d\u01b0 n\u00e0o, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 \u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “Khi c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3, [th\u00ec] c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3”. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00e0y A-lan-\u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

7- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4”, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng-ph\u1ea3i-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn”, [m\u00e0] ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch” (concentration mental sans indice \/ theme-less concentration \/ ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 animitta-ceto-sam\u00e2dhi, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o g\u00ec c\u1ea3<\/span>)<\/i>. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch”. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘Th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch<\/span> \u1ea5y s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra n\u00f3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c (ng\u0169 gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c b\u1edfi t\u01b0 duy<\/span>; [th\u00ec] n\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi<\/span> s\u1ef1 tan bi\u1ebfn’. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, th\u00ec t\u01b0 duy<\/span> [c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y] c\u0169ng s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span>; t\u01b0 duy<\/span> [c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y] c\u0169ng s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 minh<\/span>. Khi n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> h\u1ebft [nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u1ea5y] th\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> [v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd v\u1ee5t th\u1ed1t l\u00ean]: ‘Th\u1ebf ra s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y!’. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 sinh m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb<\/span>, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u1eefa’ (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>).<\/i> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> do s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span>. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> v\u00ec th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> v\u00ec v\u00f4 minh<\/span>. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> gi\u00e1c c\u1ea3m (six sph\u00e8res sensorielles\/ six sensory spheres\/ s\u00e1u l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> gi\u00e1c c\u1ea3m: g\u1ed3m ng\u0169 gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span>)<\/i> l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y’. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ’S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 “th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh”. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh”. S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “v\u00f4 minh” ‘. N\u01a1i n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng-tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u00e1u l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> gi\u00e1c c\u1ea3m li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n x\u00e1c n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o (hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> trong th\u00e2n x\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3<\/span>)<\/i>, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat t\u00e0n d\u01b0 n\u00e0o, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n d\u01b0 \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: “Khi c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3, [th\u00ec] c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3” (kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> n\u00e0y<\/span>)<\/i>. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> th\u1eadt xa x\u01b0a n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u0129<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp du-gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n)<\/span><\/i> <\/span>t\u1eebng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 song<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa \u0111\u00fang trong ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 song<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai th\u1eadt xa sau n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u0129<\/span> s\u1ebd h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 song<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa \u0111\u00fang trong ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 song<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, trong th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u0129<\/span> \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 song<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111ang h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa \u0111\u00fang trong ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 song<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u1ea5y. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7 r\u1eb1ng: ”[Khi \u0111\u00e3] h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 song<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u1ea5y th\u00ec t\u00f4i [c\u0169ng s\u1ebd] th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa \u1edf n\u01a1i \u1ea5y” (\u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> khi \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt th\u00ec s\u1ebd v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3, v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian<\/span>)<\/span><\/i>. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1ecb t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 vui s\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e2n hoan<\/span> ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0i l\u1eddi ghi ch\u00fa<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u1ea5t trong b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/span> tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c<\/span>, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u1eb1m mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a01- t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> hay thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a02- t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> hay \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a03- t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0B\u00e0i kinh<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea3 ba kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau l\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> si\u00eau h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Thanassaro Bikkhu ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc hay b\u1ea3y giai \u0111o\u1ea1n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp kh\u00e1c nhau. Buddhadasa Bikkhu trong quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch “C\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1”<\/i> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> ph\u00e9p tu t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn cao \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y. D\u00f9 sao c\u0169ng xin l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> g\u1ed1c trong Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>, s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> Thanassaro Bikkhu \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i<\/span>. V\u1eady c\u0169ng xin m\u1ea1n ph\u00e9p gh\u00e9p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ghi ch\u00fa nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u00eam t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a01- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hoang d\u00e3<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 arannasanna<\/i> (aranna <\/i>c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u1eebng, sanna<\/i> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn<\/span>). \u1ede c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n h\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> hoang d\u00e3<\/span> m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong c\u1ea3nh hoang d\u00e3<\/span> \u0111\u00f3: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u1ea3 trong ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong khu r\u1eebng. Trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0o hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xao l\u00e3ng<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n. Tuy r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng ”th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n” nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc ti\u00ean kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp. N\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a02- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t, ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 pathavisanna<\/i> (pathavi<\/i> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t<\/span>). \u1ede c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0y b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> gi\u1ea3ng th\u1eadt r\u00f5: ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra chung quanh m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 to\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 “x\u00f3a b\u1ecf” t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb n\u00fai \u0111\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, t\u1eeb s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a ra trong b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u00e0y th\u1eadt h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span>: khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con b\u00f2 th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m da c\u0103ng th\u1eadt th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m c\u00e1i c\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00ednh m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u1ee1 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea5m da c\u0103ng th\u1eadt th\u1eb3ng th\u00ec con b\u00f2 b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt \u0111ang g\u1eb7m c\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i<\/span> ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n x\u00f3a b\u1ecf<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> khi ph\u00f3ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> chung quanh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c g\u00f4m (c\u1ee5c t\u1ea9y) x\u00f3a b\u1ecf<\/span> nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t b\u00fat ch\u00ec tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a xung n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> xui khi\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u00ecnh v\u1ebd l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5y. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i cao h\u01a1n c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y. C\u1ea5p b\u1eadc c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hoang d\u00e3<\/span> th\u1eadt ra d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba<\/span> m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch “t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng” ra trong gian nh\u00e0, trong ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng, trong khu r\u1eebng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng. \u1ede c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> n\u00e0o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 khi tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y con b\u00f2 nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span> m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m da c\u0103ng th\u1eadt th\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00ednh m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u1ee1 n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a03- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 akasananacayatana<\/i> (akasa<\/i> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span>, b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi…, nanaca<\/i>: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, yatana<\/i>: s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/span> g\u1eafng, s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn<\/span>). Trong c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9<\/span> duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn “m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn”, b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, khu r\u1eebng hoang d\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Trong ba c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> x\u00f3a b\u1ecf<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> (rupavacara bhumi<\/i><\/span>). N\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> “c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3” v\u00e0 “h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng”, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong ba c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y: c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n d\u1ea1ng, ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng, khu r\u1eebng; \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t bao la<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c, n\u00fai \u0111\u1ed3i, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i g\u00ec c\u1ea3…; sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 ba, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> bao la<\/span>. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp khi ph\u00e9p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> phi-h\u00ecnh-t\u01b0\u1edbng trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc ti\u1ebfp theo<\/span> sau \u0111\u00f3. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a04- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 vinnanacayatana <\/i>(vin<\/i> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> hay t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng ra g\u00ec c\u1ea3<\/span>): l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0 duy<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u1ea3, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> ra trong b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> bao la<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi ba c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> phi-h\u00ecnh-t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/span> (arupavacara bhumi \/ <\/i>l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>). Khi \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00f4 s\u1eafc<\/span> th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u1eefa – t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ba c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a05- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng h\u01b0 v\u00f4<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 akincannayatana<\/i> (akincanna<\/i>: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec g\u1ea7n b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh<\/span>): trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ecfa r\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span>, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> m\u1ed9t “th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3”, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> gian hay tri th\u1ee9c<\/span>, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “t\u00ean g\u1ecdi”, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh” (pannatti\/ <\/i>designation\/ appellation<\/span>) c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 do t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> “h\u00ecnh dung” ra. B\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh” hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft” b\u1edfi tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> (<\/i>a mental index<\/span>)<\/i>. Trong c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a hay t\u1ed3n l\u01b0u b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a06- C\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn, ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 nevasannanasannayatana (sanna-na-sanna<\/i>: c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn<\/span>): l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> tinh t\u1ebf<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00fat b\u1ecf hay \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn. C\u0169ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span> b\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ”ghi nh\u1eadn” hay “nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft” t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/span> (<\/i>a mental index)<\/i>. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c th\u00ec d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy<\/span> th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 suy t\u01b0 duy<\/span> nh\u1ea5t \u0111i n\u1eefa – trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn – th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span>, \u0111ang “nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn-kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a07- C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Pa-li paramanuttarasunnata<\/i> (para<\/i>: m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c \/ another,\u00a0anuttara<\/i>: kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \/ insurpassable, sunnata<\/i>: t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span>) Buddhadasa g\u1ecdi th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”, Thanassaro Bhikkhu v\u00e0 M\u00f4han Wijayaratna th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch” (concentration sans indice \/ theme-less concentration \/ <\/span>nimitto-ceto-samadhi<\/span>)<\/i> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ee9c th\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y t\u01b0 duy<\/span> s\u1ebd tr\u00fat b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> v\u00f4 minh<\/span>. Khi v\u00f4 minh<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u1ecf th\u00ec s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a u\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (sankhara\/ <\/i>formation karmique\/ “h\u00e0nh”, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>) c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span>. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span> c\u1ee7a u\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh ra u\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/i> (vinnana<\/i>\/ consciousness\/ <\/span>“th\u1ee9c<\/span>“<\/i>), do \u0111\u00f3 “c\u00e1i t\u00f4i” v\u00e0 c\u00e1i “c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i” c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0B\u00e0i kinh<\/span> c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> r\u1eb1ng trong t\u1eebng c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y “t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u00ecnh trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y”<\/i>, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span> trong c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mang l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ngay trong c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t khi m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a gian<\/span> nh\u00e0, c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a khu r\u1eebng, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u1eadt th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u1ede m\u1ed7i c\u1ea5p ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u “h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tinh khi\u1ebft”<\/i>, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed v\u00e0 linh thi\u00eang<\/span> n\u1eb1m b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra cho m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1i th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u1ea5p b\u1eadc cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 “s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span> v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a sankhara<\/i>” (u\u1ea9n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 gi\u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p)”, <\/span>l\u00e0 “s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung cao \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch<\/span> n\u00e0o”, l\u00e0 “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”, l\u00e0 “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng”, l\u00e0 “ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u00e0i kinh<\/span> d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, \u0111\u00fang ra b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> nh\u1eb1m b\u1ed5 t\u00fac th\u00eam cho b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Mahasunnata-sutta<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(B\u00e0i kinh<\/span> d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>)<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0T\u00f4i t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> ng\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c Th\u00edch-ca (Sakka<\/span>) t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh Ca-t\u00ec-la-v\u1ec7 (Kapilavatthu<\/span>) trong khu v\u01b0\u1eddn Ni-c\u00e2u-\u0111\u00e0 (Nigrodha<\/span>). V\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u1edbm tinh s\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> m\u1eb7c \u00e1o c\u00e0-sa, kho\u00e1c th\u00eam y th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\u00e1o \u1ea5m m\u1eb7c th\u00eam b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i)<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>\u00f4m b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> th\u00e0nh Ca-t\u00ec-la-v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/span>. Sau khi kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/span> \u1edf th\u00e0nh Ca-t\u00ec-la-v\u1ec7, \u0103n xong v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sakka (d\u00e2n thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c Th\u00edch-ca) <\/span><\/i>l\u00e0 <\/span>Kala-khemaka \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u1ec9 tr\u01b0a. H\u00f4m \u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 n\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sakka t\u00ean l\u00e0 Kala-khemaka n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn s\u1eb5n. Khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u1ea5y \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> b\u00e8n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: “N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y th\u00ec t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef3-kheo \u0111ang sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y?”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Trong l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> th\u00ec v\u1ecb T\u00f4n K\u00ednh<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00e1c c\u00f2n \u0111ang lo may m\u1eb7c (trong kinh g\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 civarakamma: civara l\u00e0 \u00e1o m\u00e0u ngh\u1ec7, kamma c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>)<\/i> \u1edf nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sakka kh\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ghata. \u0110\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i sau khi bu\u1ed5i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Sakka t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ghata. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n. Sau khi an t\u1ecda th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i h\u1ecfi v\u1ecb T\u00f4n K\u00ednh<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0– “C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn s\u1eb5n \u1edf nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Sakka l\u00e0 Kala-khemaka. V\u1eady t\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef3-kheo \u0111ang sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> n\u01a1i \u1ea5y?”<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0– “B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ed7 ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn s\u1eb5n t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Sakka t\u00ean l\u00e0 Kala-khemaka. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb t\u1ef3-kheo \u0111ang sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5y, [v\u00ec] hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i may m\u1eb7c” (sau m\u00f9a ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1ef3-kheo th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0u<\/span> l\u1ea1i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/span> ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nhau<\/span> may m\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quay v\u1ec1<\/span> \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/span>)<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0– “N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecf ra<\/span> n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> [h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c] trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0 th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c<\/span> m\u00ecnh, trong nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Pa-li l\u00e0 sobhati c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00f3i s\u00e1ng<\/span>, r\u1ea1ng r\u1ee1<\/span>, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Anh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng”: briller\/ shine<\/span>)<\/i>, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> l\u1ea1c th\u00fa<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch<\/span> khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y [th\u1eadt s\u1ef1] mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> [cho m\u00ecnh] ni\u1ec1m an vui trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00fa trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ni\u1ec1m h\u00e2n hoan<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, l\u1ea1c th\u00fa<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> [ti\u1ec7n nghi<\/span>] trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu [ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft] t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> s\u1ef1 an vui trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00fa th\u1eadt<\/span> s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span>)<\/i>, ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00fa trong s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00fa trong s\u1ef1 an b\u00ecnh<\/span>, ni\u1ec1m vui th\u00fa trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Th\u1eadt th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. [N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft] t\u00ecm s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, s\u1ef1 th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, [th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y] s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, [d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0] t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, hay v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, [m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i] c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, [d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0] t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, Ta kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0o m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i thay v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng<\/span> [c\u1ee7a n\u00f3] l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i lo bu\u1ed3n, ta th\u00e1n<\/span>, \u0111\u1edbn \u0111au, kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft say m\u00ea th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i an tr\u00fa<\/span> [trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>] m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> (Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf – Ainsit\u00e9\/ Suchness – , \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 “nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf”, c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> \u1ea5y lu\u00f4n v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3<\/span>) <\/i>\u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u01a1i \u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> [suy t\u01b0] n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. Trong l\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa n\u01a1i \u1ea5y v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>, th\u00ec d\u00f9 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ef3-kheo hay t\u1ef3-kheo-ni, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span>, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, l\u00e0 vua ch\u00faa, l\u00e0 quan l\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> [l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng] h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span> (n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span>)<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>v\u00e0 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (basic qualities<\/span>) <\/i>l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/span>, th\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecd c\u00e1o t\u1eeb<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u1ef3-kheo mong c\u1ea7u: ‘Xin cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m’, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>, tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u1eadp trung th\u1eadt v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y. V\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> bi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u1eadp trung th\u1eadt v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y? \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span>, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> (unskillful qualities<\/span>)<\/i> – \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc thi\u1ec1n-na (jhana) th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t… trong c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc thi\u1ec1n-na th\u1ee9 hai… th\u1ee9 ba… th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: [t\u1ee9c l\u00e0] th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng-th\u00edch-th\u00fa c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng-kh\u1ed5-\u0111au. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng [trong s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng] c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>, tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o n\u01a1i \u1ea5y. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. Khi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, [m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9] ph\u00e1t huy th\u1eadt th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea5y trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i… (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>: th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 hoang v\u1eafng<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t khu r\u1eebng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n)<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i… (b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u00ean trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>: th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 “b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn” thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n)<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>. Khi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span>, [m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9] ph\u00e1t huy th\u1eadt v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘Khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span>, [m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9] ph\u00e1t huy v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i… <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i… <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>. Khi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span>, [m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9] ph\u00e1t huy v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘Khi t\u00f4i h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y, th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, [m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9] ph\u00e1t huy v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u1eadt v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> \u1edf th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> (gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. Khi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>, th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, ph\u00e1t huy v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘Khi t\u00f4i h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, ph\u00e1t huy th\u1eadt v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>. Trong khi h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, ph\u00e1t huy v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘Trong khi t\u00f4i h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, ph\u00e1t huy v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u1ea5y’.\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Trong l\u00fac an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo ngh\u0129 [trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>] r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n \u0111i lui<\/span> hay b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi<\/span>, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y [c\u0169ng s\u1ebd] \u0111i lui<\/span> hay b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi<\/span>, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘Trong khi t\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham \u00e1i<\/span> (covetousness<\/span>)<\/i>, lo bu\u1ed3n, \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> hay c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u00e0o x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y t\u00f4i’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Trong l\u00fac an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ee9ng… ng\u1ed3i… hay n\u1eb1m, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y [c\u0169ng s\u1ebd] \u0111\u1ee9ng, ng\u1ed3i hay n\u1eb1m, [v\u00e0 trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> s\u1ebd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng]: ‘Trong khi t\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u1eb1m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham \u00e1i<\/span>, lo bu\u1ed3n, \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> hay c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u00e0o x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y t\u00f4i’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Trong l\u00fac an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m<\/span>: ‘T\u00f4i nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n<\/span>, nh\u1ea3m nh\u00ed<\/span>, t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00f4 b\u1ec9<\/span>, ti ti\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 m\u00ea \u0111\u1eafm, kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span>, s\u1ef1 thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span>, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span> – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea9m b\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> vua ch\u00faa, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span>, quan l\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, chi\u1ebfn tranh, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec7n khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea3m, c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n, th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng<\/span>, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf, t\u1ee7 gi\u01b0\u1eddng, trang s\u1ee9c, n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa, th\u00e2n quy\u1ebfn<\/span>, xe c\u1ed9, l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c, t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e1ng, \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng anh h\u00f9ng<\/span>, nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n ba hoa<\/span> ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 hay (c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c<\/span> “kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i<\/span>“)<\/i> trong nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec7n b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t<\/span> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 chuy\u1ec7n th\u00eau d\u1ec7t<\/span> kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng [khi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft<\/span>]: ‘T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng<\/span> nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9<\/span>, \u0111\u00e1nh tan s\u1ef1 m\u00ea \u0111\u1eafm, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span>, s\u1ef1 thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span>, s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n<\/span> th\u1ea5y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span> – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ngay th\u1eadt<\/span>, n\u00eau cao s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>, s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span>, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/span>, bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3<\/span>, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t’. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Trong khi th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n suy ngh\u0129<\/span>, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m<\/span>: ‘T\u00f4i nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft<\/span> kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129<\/span> nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n<\/span>, nh\u1ea3m nh\u00ed<\/span>, t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00f4 b\u1ec9<\/span>, ti ti\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9<\/span>, \u0111\u00e1nh tan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span>, s\u1ef1 thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span>, s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n<\/span> th\u1ea5y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span> – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> suy ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u00e1m \u1ea3nh<\/span> d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span>, c\u00e1c t\u01b0 duy<\/span> b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n<\/span>, c\u00e1c \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng [khi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft<\/span>]: ’T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec cao qu\u00fd, v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ef1c (onward-leading<\/span>)<\/i>, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a d\u1ecbu cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung quanh – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 duy<\/span> l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh<\/span>, c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u1ea1i<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, c\u00f3 n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span>. V\u1eady n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0: H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/i> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft – th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span>, vui m\u1eaft<\/span>, duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng<\/span>, quy\u1ebfn r\u0169<\/span>, th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span>, kh\u00eau g\u1ee3i. \u00c2m thanh<\/span><\/i> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng tai… M\u00f9i<\/i> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng m\u0169i… V\u1ecb<\/i> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee1i…. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> va ch\u1ea1m<\/span><\/i> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span> m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>: ‘B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> x\u1ea3y ra, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u1ea5y [th\u1eadt s\u1ef1] c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> trong t\u00f4i hay kh\u00f4ng?’. Sau khi suy x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: ‘Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u00e0y hay ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u1ecd, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 [th\u1eadt s\u1ef1] c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> trong t\u00f4i’. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ‘S\u1ef1 \u0111am-m\u00ea v\u00e0 th\u00e8m-mu\u1ed1n (desir-passion<\/span>)<\/i> v\u1ec1 n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span> v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> trong t\u00f4i’. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> (nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111ang chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac \u0111au bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 do t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m m\u1ed1i d\u00e2y d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span> g\u00e2y ra)<\/span><\/i>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“C\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5u-h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m-v\u00edu (ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n<\/span>)<\/span><\/i> <\/span>m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i<\/span> s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 tan bi\u1ebfn [c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang]: ‘Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> (forms\/ s\u1eafc<\/span>)<\/i>, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh ra ch\u00fang, s\u1ef1 tan bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn (feeling \/ th\u1ee5<\/span>)<\/i>… Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> (perception\/ t\u01b0\u1edfng)<\/i>… Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> d\u1ef1ng (fabrications \/ h\u00e0nh<\/span>)<\/i>… Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> (consciousness\/ th\u1ee9c<\/span>)<\/i>. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh ra ch\u00fang, s\u1ef1 tan bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang’. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00e0 tan bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5u-h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m-v\u00edu \u1ea5y, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo s\u1ebd lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5u-h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m-v\u00edu \u1ea5y “ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00f4i”. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng: ’T\u00f4i lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> m\u1ecdi \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5u-h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u00e1m-v\u00edu “ch\u00ednh th\u1eadt l\u00e0 t\u00f4i’. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh \u1ea5y (qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n<\/span><\/span>)<\/i> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o<\/span>, cao qu\u00fd, si\u00eau nhi\u00ean<\/span>, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb hung \u00e1c (Evil One)<\/span><\/i> <\/span>kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, theo \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> n\u00e0o m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> n\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc theo v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> th\u00ec gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span> b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 V\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n x\u1eed. V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/span> h\u1ebft xin \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1ef3-kheo s\u1ebd ghi nh\u1edb \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u1ea5y”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> b\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 nghe gi\u1ea3ng, nghe k\u1ec7 (trong nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebft th\u01a1, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ngay v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/span>, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh k\u1ec7 hay th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb)<\/span> <\/i>v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span>. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span>, t\u1eebng ghi nh\u1edb, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/span>, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span> \u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span> \u1ea5y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng khi ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00ean [nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y] th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng<\/span>, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> ph\u1ea3i mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span> – ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, s\u1ef1 ngay th\u1eadt<\/span>, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1eadp trung, s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/span>, bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3<\/span>, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span>: Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> \u1ea5y m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> n\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“[Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng] trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u1ea5y [c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3] x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y, s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>, s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“V\u1eady s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y ch\u1ecdn cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u1ea9n d\u1eadt<\/span>: m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i hoang d\u00e3<\/span>, d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai, m\u1ed9t h\u1ebbm v\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t hang \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3i, m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba, m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c r\u1eebng th\u00e2m u, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng r\u01a1m. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4 t\u1ecbch \u1ea5y, th\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n (giai c\u1ea5p<\/span> cao nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed1n giai c\u1ea5p<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tu s\u0129<\/span>, h\u1ea1ng qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc…)<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> (t\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span>) <\/i>k\u00e9o nhau \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c<\/span>, r\u01a1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span>, th\u00edch quay l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> xa hoa<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u xa<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> (unkillful qualities<\/span>)<\/i> s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9<\/span> ra, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n<\/span>, kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, gi\u00e0 nua<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“S\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u1ea9n d\u1eadt<\/span>: m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i hoang d\u00e3<\/span>, m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y… Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4 t\u1ecbch \u1ea5y, th\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> k\u00e9o nhau \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c<\/span>, r\u01a1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span>, th\u00edch quay l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> xa hoa<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi [\u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>] \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u xa<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9<\/span> ra, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n<\/span>, kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, gi\u00e0 nua<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“S\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? M\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea5ng Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m h\u1ea1nh, v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 V\u1ecb H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn to\u00e0n n\u0103ng<\/span> gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ai mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i<\/span>, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y cho c\u1ea3 thi\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> l\u1eabn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, l\u00e0 V\u1ecb Gi\u00e1c<\/span> Ng\u1ed9, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1ea9n d\u1eadt<\/span>: m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i hoang d\u00e3<\/span>, m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t n\u1ecdn n\u00fai, m\u1ed9t h\u1ebbm v\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t hang \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3i, m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba, m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c r\u1eebng th\u00e2m u, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i l\u1ed9 thi\u00ean, hay m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng r\u01a1m. Khi V\u1ecb \u1ea5y s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4 t\u1ecbch, th\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> k\u00e9o nhau \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u00ec V\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch quay l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 xa hoa<\/span>. [Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng] m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc theo l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u00f4 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ecdn cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1n \u1ea9n c\u01b0<\/span>: m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i hoang d\u00e3<\/span>, m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng c\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai…, hay m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng r\u01a1m. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ed1ng trong c\u1ea3nh c\u00f4 t\u1ecbch th\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng. Khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c<\/span>, r\u01a1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span>, th\u00edch quay l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> xa hoa<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u xa<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9<\/span> ra, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n<\/span>, kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, gi\u00e0 nua<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, tr\u00ean kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span> ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00e0 cay \u0111\u1eafng<\/span>, n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y hay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>. S\u1ef1 h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y m\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y-A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> trong t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1ng<\/span> (in opposition\/ ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, nghi ng\u1edd<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch mang l\u1ea1i cho m\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00fac h\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“V\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> Dhamma (\u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>)<\/i> cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, mong c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span>: ‘\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m ph\u00fac h\u1ea1nh<\/span> cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed’. [Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng] c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u01a1 l\u00e0<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1eafng nghe, kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 quan<\/span> t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u1ebd \u0111i l\u1ec7ch ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“V\u1eady nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1ng<\/span> s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> Dhamma (\u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>)<\/i> cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, mong c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span>: ‘\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m ph\u00fac h\u1ea1nh<\/span> cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed’. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> th\u00ec l\u1eafng tai nghe v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>. Nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh n\u00ean h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111i l\u1ec7ch ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> trong t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1ng<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch mang l\u1ea1i cho m\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00fac h\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m xoa n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng<\/span> b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t khi \u0111ang n\u1eb7n. Qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch<\/span>, Ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch<\/span>. Th\u00fac d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 th\u00fac d\u1ee5c, Ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u00fac d\u1ee5c. H\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> s\u1ebd m\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n”. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u1ecb T\u00f4n K\u00ednh<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e2n hoan<\/span> \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0i l\u1eddi ghi ch\u00fa <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Trong b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean<\/span> gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh<\/span>, d\u00f9 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span>, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y hay nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ho\u1eb7c trong ch\u1ed1n c\u00f4 t\u1ecbch nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i<\/span> cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span>. C\u00e1c l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean<\/span> n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> ni\u1ec1m an vui v\u00e0 h\u00e2n hoan<\/span> trong n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong t\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span>, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ecf ra<\/span> s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i v\u00e0 tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng trong n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea1c th\u00fa<\/span>, s\u1ef1 ti\u00ean nghi m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn xa h\u01a1n<\/span>, ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef3-kheo, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1n c\u00f4 t\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 “b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c<\/span>,<\/i> v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00ecnh<\/i> b\u1ecb h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a”<\/i>. Ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a th\u00ec c\u0169ng n\u00ean xem \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh<\/span> k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean xem \u0111\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 cung ph\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 mua chu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y b\u1ecb h\u1ee7 h\u00f3a. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span> n\u01a1i ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 mang l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u00ecn h\u1ecd qua b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> n\u00e0o, d\u00f9 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 n\u1eef hay nam gi\u1edbi th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng “t\u1ea5m da c\u0103ng th\u1eadt th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m c\u00e1i c\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00ednh m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat m\u1ee1 n\u00e0o”, <\/i>d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ee1 b\u1ee5ng hay m\u1ee1 m\u00f4ng. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> c\u00f2n n\u00eau l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1n sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i an tr\u00fa<\/span> [trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>] m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u01a1i \u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> [suy t\u01b0] n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. Trong l\u00fac th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa n\u01a1i \u1ea5y v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>, th\u00ec d\u00f9 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ef3-kheo hay t\u1ef3-kheo-ni, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span>, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, l\u00e0 vua ch\u00faa, l\u00e0 quan l\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1n tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> [l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng] h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>, v\u00e0 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/span>, th\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecd c\u00e1o t\u1eeb”<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0C\u00e2u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> lu\u00f4n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i h\u01b0 v\u00f4<\/span>, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a g\u00ec c\u1ea3, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp an b\u00ecnh<\/span>, v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span> b\u00ean trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ng\u00e0i. Th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t hay tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng b\u00e9n nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eadt cao \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c c\u1ea3m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung phi th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> lu\u00f4n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span>, gi\u00fap cho \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> ti\u1ebfp ki\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> cho h\u1ecd nghe “v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec th\u1eadt c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 c\u00e1o t\u1eeb”<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111ang trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y v\u00e0o “\u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o”<\/i>, ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c” <\/i>\u1ea5y lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/span> trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ng\u00e0i, v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y trong b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (Culasunnata-sutta<\/i><\/span>) tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 h\u1ecfi Ng\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1ea5y hay kh\u00f4ng:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0– “B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ee5 \u1edf thi tr\u1ea5n Nagaraka thu\u1ed9c x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Sakka. V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp \u1ea5y v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span> Ng\u00e0i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: ‘N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, Ta lu\u00f4n an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0111ang trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u00ec Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng an tr\u00fa<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n n\u1eefa’. B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf?”<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0– “Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf; nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110ang trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Ta t\u1eebng an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, nay Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng an tr\u00fa<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng”.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Th\u1eadt ra kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1eeb khi Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ee5 \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Nagaraka thu\u1ed9c x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sakka, m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng an<\/span> tr\u00fa trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y t\u1eeb khi Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span> sau \u0111\u00eam thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u01a1i khu r\u1eebng \u00c2u-l\u00e2u-t\u1ea7n-loa khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb. Sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi “Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c<\/span> hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1ea5y hay kh\u00f4ng?”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Tuy t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u00e0 v\u00f4 song<\/span> \u1ea5y cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> T\u0103ng \u0110o\u00e0n<\/span>, thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span>, ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> tinh khi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ebfp nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span> cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span> cho m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m th\u00ec ki\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ecf v\u00e0 l\u00e1 kh\u00f4 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa hai g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y sa-la trong m\u1ed9t khu r\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”<\/i> m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> ra trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> trong b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n ghi nh\u1edb: “N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> trong t\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1ng<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch mang l\u1ea1i cho m\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 an l\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00fac h\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n”<\/i>. Th\u1eadt th\u1ebf trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kinh s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00e0o hay m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n vinh m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n<\/span> hay m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u1eafm gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n uy<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n ch\u00e2n t\u00ecnh<\/span>. Ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00f4m nay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u1eadt cao b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n th\u1edd, van xin<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n<\/span>, thay v\u00ec m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> con tim c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”<\/i> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1<\/span> ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00f4m nay.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0C\u00e2u n\u00f3i sau c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> trong b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n ghi nh\u1edb: <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0“[N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0], Ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m xoa n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng<\/span> b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n \u0111ang n\u1eb7n. Qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch<\/span>, Ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch<\/span>. Th\u00fac d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 th\u00fac d\u1ee5c, Ta s\u1ebd c\u00f2n n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u00fac d\u1ee5c. H\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> s\u1ebd m\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n”<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u1eddi h\u1ee3t nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m xoa n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ang n\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eb5n v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng. V\u1eady n\u1ebfu h\u00f4m nay ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u00e2n t\u00ecnh<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft tha m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 nghe th\u1ea5y b\u00ean tai m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i hay kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea1y theo<\/span> nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u00f9 du v\u00e0 \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng Ng\u00e0i th\u00fac h\u1ed1i ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00e3y mau quay v\u1ec1<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam:<\/span><\/p>\n

– “\u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t-lai L\u1ea1t-ma thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/b><\/a>“<\/i> (Hoang Phong chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch “C\u1ed1t L\u00f5i c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1<\/b><\/a>“<\/i> c\u1ee7a Buddhadasa Bikkhu n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> (Hoang Phong chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Hoang Phong<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Bures-Sur-Yvette, 20.10.12<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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