{"id":7093,"date":"2020-12-02T02:03:06","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T19:03:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/02\/ban-the-cua-phat\/"},"modified":"2020-12-02T02:03:06","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T19:03:06","slug":"ban-the-cua-phat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/02\/ban-the-cua-phat\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt"},"content":{"rendered":"

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B\u1ea2N TH\u1ec2<\/span> C\u1ee6A PH\u1eacT <\/span><\/b>
Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki – Hoang Phong chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span>
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L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch:<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt T\u00ednh<\/span>, Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi<\/span>, Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span>… (ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 Tathagatagarbha), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Tathagatagarbha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb hai ch\u1eef Tathagata v\u00e0 garbha: Tathagata c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>; ch\u1eef garbha c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 “nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n” hay “b\u00ean trong” (c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3)…, ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>. V\u1eady Tathagatagharba hay B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o?<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki (1870-1966) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> d\u00f4ng d\u00e0i<\/span> v\u1ec1 D.T. Suzuki c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1eeba, b\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng<\/span> h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 mang thi\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Zen v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> T\u00e2y Phu\u01a1ng trong ti\u1ec1n b\u00e1n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> trong t\u1eadp san France-Asie, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i-g\u00f2n n\u0103m 1959. S\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p nh\u1eb7t c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi v\u00e0o th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. S\u1ed1 b\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1987 v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai n\u0103m 2008. G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 mang t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 “Pr\u00e9sence du Bouddhisme” (“S\u1ef1 Hi\u1ec7n Di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o”). L\u1ea7n t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 hai ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> th\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0y g\u1ea7n 600 trang ch\u1eef nh\u1ecf. <\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch xin m\u1ea1n ph\u00e9p gh\u00e9p th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ghi ch\u00fa nh\u1ecf v\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i<\/span> b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c l\u1eddi ghi ch\u00fa n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef nghi\u00eang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t trong hai d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\"presence_du_bouddhisme\"

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B\u00eca quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch “S\u1ef1 Hi\u1ec7n Di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o”<\/b><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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(H\u00ecnh pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt<\/span> N\u1eb1m \u1edf Pagu, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110\u00ec\u1ec7n, th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 X, <\/span><\/p>\n

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Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/span> b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng<\/span> b\u00e9 t\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u01b0<\/span> ng\u1ed3i b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Tuy \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span> h\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> th\u1eadt to l\u1edbn tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span> nh\u00e0 s\u01b0<\/span> nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00f4m nay, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh b\u00eca quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch) <\/span><\/p>\n

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*****<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0N\u1ebfu qu\u00fd v\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/span> t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 “bi\u1ebfn-c\u1ed1-Ng\u1ed9” (satori-\u00e9venement \/ event-satori \/ Satori l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Zen. Ch\u1eef Satori c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 “Ng\u1ed9”, s\u1ef1 “t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c”, s\u1ef1 “qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y s\u00e2u xa” hay s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ”B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt”<\/span>)<\/i> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft th\u00eam “th\u1ec3-d\u1ea1ng-Ng\u1ed9” (satori-\u00e9tat \/ satori-state)<\/i> v\u00e0 “bi\u1ebfn-c\u1ed1-Ng\u1ed9” kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1edbi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> trong ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ai, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c c\u1ea3m, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng Ng\u1ed9. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bao b\u1ecdc chung quanh \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u; ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i khi\u1ebfn cho kh\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> m\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u1edf trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec9 (ch\u00fang ta<\/span> lu\u00f4n \u1edf trong Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ec3-d\u1ea1ng-Ng\u1ed9, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> hay th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3. Ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra th\u00ec khi \u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta<\/span> m\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang “s\u1ed1ng” trong Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>. D\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n l\u01b0u<\/span> hay s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ”bi\u1ebfn-c\u1ed1-Ng\u1ed9”. Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec9 (\u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>)<\/i> th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd \u1edf trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng Ng\u1ed9 (th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3<\/span>)<\/i>. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> x\u1ea3y ra th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 “bi\u1ebfn-c\u1ed1-Ng\u1ed9” m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh. Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/span> \u1ea5y t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/span> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc (ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00e3y c\u1ee9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span> l\u1ea1c th\u00fa<\/span> ph\u00e0m t\u1ee5c<\/span>, t\u00ecm v\u00e0o r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 suy nghi\u1ec7m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y uy\u00ean b\u00e1c<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi<\/span> b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm<\/span> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> l\u00fd tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span>. S\u1ef1 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 gi\u00fap Ng\u00e0i qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c<\/span>. V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tin t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn<\/span> tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span>. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u00e0o r\u1eebng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u1eefa, v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh x\u00e1c<\/span>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> r\u1eb1ng khi n\u00e0o c\u00f2n quan t\u00e2m<\/span> qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n x\u00e1c th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n<\/span> s\u1ebd c\u00f2n b\u1ecb xao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3 mong c\u1ea7u. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> hoang mang \u1ea5y t\u1ea5t s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sao th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7<\/span> \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u<\/span> t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>: ng\u1ee7 th\u1eadt \u00edt, \u0103n th\u1eadt \u00edt, gi\u1eef t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean<\/span> l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1ch luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp \u1ea5y c\u0169ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m cho Ng\u00e0i h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng<\/span>, b\u1edfi v\u00ec khi c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u0169ng theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng k\u00e9m \u0111i. Ng\u00e0i ki\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed3n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 Th\u1ef1c Hi\u1ec7n<\/span> (Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>)<\/i> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 to\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n (s\u1ef1 Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>; \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span> cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i sao con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t. N\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt<\/span> \u0111i c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/span> gi\u00fap cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 l\u00f2ng mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0103n u\u1ed1ng<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean trong l\u00f2ng Ng\u00e0i. Th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 ra th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec, Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong l\u00f2ng. S\u1ef1 suy t\u01b0 mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ecf ra<\/span> qu\u00e1 n\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n, ph\u00e9p luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh x\u00e1c<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1 h\u01a1n. Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ph\u00f4i pha. Ng\u00e0i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i lo \u00e2u<\/span> th\u1eadt s\u00e2u k\u00edn ph\u00e1t sinh trong l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn<\/span> tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e9p luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp h\u00e0nh x\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho ni\u1ec1m kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i b\u1edbt \u0111i s\u1ef1 ray r\u1ee9t. Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1eefa<\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap Ng\u00e0i t\u00ecm ra<\/span> m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t. Ng\u00e0i b\u00e8n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn<\/span> tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch b\u00e0y ra m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng an b\u00ecnh<\/span> trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u1ef1 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c<\/span> m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch<\/span>: ph\u00eda b\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0\u1edbc mong<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> (v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3<\/span>)<\/i>, v\u00e0 ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n \u1ea5y (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>)<\/i>. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean s\u1ef1 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc kh\u00e1c cao h\u01a1n, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n \u1ea5y th\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t khi m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chia \u0111\u00f4i Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c<\/span> ra th\u00e0nh hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch nhau v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch<\/span> gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u00ean kia l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9 \u1ea5y, hay n\u00f3i<\/span> c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00eau l\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean – th\u00ec khi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch<\/span> \u1ea5y s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn s\u1ef1 Th\u1ef1c Hi\u1ec7n<\/span> (Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span>, Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt ray r\u1ee9t trong l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Ng\u00e0i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa Gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng hay<\/span> th\u1ed1t l\u00ean: “Khi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ph\u00f3 m\u1eb7c cho Tr\u1eddi”. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi Tr\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>; v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1t l\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft giao ph\u00f3<\/span> cho Tr\u1eddi. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u00ec l\u1ea1i suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n: ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 quan t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t th\u00ec gi\u1edd<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch suy lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u1ea5y lu\u00f4n ray r\u1ee9t trong l\u00f2ng m\u00ecnh. Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh kh\u00e1t khao \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ed3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> n\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u00ednh n\u00f3. Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3 n\u1eefa (\u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>)<\/i> v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> khao kh\u00e1t n\u1eefa: Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> M\u1ed8T v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Ng\u00e0i suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y n\u1eefa (Ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i<\/span>)<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129<\/span> theo nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i v\u1eeba tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y; b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec do t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Khi n\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng (nh\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean<\/span>)<\/i> \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> th\u00ec t\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ebf th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> (r\u00e9alit\u00e9 de nature \/ reality by nature \/ t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> hay l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf)<\/span><\/i>. Ch\u1eef “th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng” gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang (khi n\u00e0o tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0i h\u00f2a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng<\/span>)<\/i>, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1eef “th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng” kh\u00f4ng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> [c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>]<\/i>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1eef “nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n” c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span> cho l\u1eafm khi<\/span> mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n” (indentified \/ x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>…)<\/i> kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i l\u1eafng s\u00e2u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>. (N\u00eau l\u00ean c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> nh\u01b0 “s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy”, “s\u1ef1 thanh tho\u00e1t<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c” hay th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng ”sambhodi” (s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh\u00a0gi\u00e1c<\/span> hay gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>, th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 th\u00f4i – l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u00eam c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span>). D\u00f9 sao th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Satori (Ng\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/i> th\u00ec th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng (nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span>)<\/i> \u1ea5y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 “gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9”<\/i> nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> – nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “bi\u1ebfn-c\u1ed1-Ng\u1ed9” (satori-event<\/span>)<\/i> hay “kinh-nghi\u1ec7m-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn-Ng\u1ed9” (satori-experience<\/span>)<\/i>, d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> (identification \/ nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n<\/span>, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh…)<\/span><\/i> <\/span>\u1ea5y c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Khi bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1<\/span> \u1ea5y x\u1ea3y ra th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf trong th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng Ng\u1ed9 \u1ea5y. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9<\/span> s\u1ef1 kinh ng\u1ea1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh khi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt - th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gia t\u00e0i<\/span> ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> c\u00f3 gi\u00e1c c\u1ea3m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u1eb3ng qua ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “bi\u1ebfn-c\u1ed1-Ng\u1ed9” gi\u00fap ch\u00fang \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 (ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eebng t\u1ec9nh nh\u1edd v\u00e0o “bi\u1ebfn-c\u1ed1-Ng\u1ed9” mang l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebb hung \u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh<\/span>, k\u1ebb tham lam<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, k\u1ebb x\u1ea5u x\u00ed<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi xinh \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span>… t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh; x\u00fac c\u1ea3m hay t\u01b0 duy<\/span> trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh; \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1, c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t \u00e1ng m\u00e2y<\/span> l\u1eedng l\u01a1 tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n gi\u00f3 tho\u1ea3ng xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 hay m\u1ed9t \u00e2m thanh<\/span> vang v\u1ecdng trong kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. S\u1ef1 b\u1eebng t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “th\u1ec3-d\u1ea1ng-Ng\u1ed9” v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh<\/span>)<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> h\u1ecfi Th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau: “Th\u1ebf con c\u00f3 h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng?”<\/i>. V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> ngay: “Kh\u00f4ng, mi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt”<\/i>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> h\u1ecfi v\u1eb7n l\u1ea1i: “Con nghe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt kia m\u00e0… T\u1ea1i sao con l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3?”<\/i> V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 sau: “C\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng, s\u00fac v\u1eadt<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1…, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt - ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb c\u00f3 mi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3”<\/i>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> t\u1ecf v\u1ebb lo l\u00e2u: “Th\u1ebf th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao con l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3?” <\/i>V\u1ecb Th\u1ea7y b\u00e8n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: “Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec mi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi”<\/i> (n\u00eau l\u00ean th\u1eafc m\u1eafc trong \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span>)<\/i>. Th\u1eafc m\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadt \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111ang h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a s\u1eb5n B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt (v\u00ec c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh<\/span>)<\/i>. S\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> hay gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a b\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00e0i l\u1eddi ghi ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u0103n phong gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 quen thu\u1ed9c<\/span>, D.T. Suzuki \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eadt kh\u00fac chi\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 then ch\u1ed1t<\/span> nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba<\/span>. N\u1ebfu cho r\u1eb1ng B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt<\/span> th\u1ec3 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u00e0 “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng” c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng? D\u00f9 sao th\u00ec th\u1eafc m\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span>. V\u1eady ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1eed t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> xem hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng” v\u00e0 “B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt” c\u00f3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<\/span> v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng hay \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “b\u1ed5 t\u00fac” cho nhau? <\/span><\/p>\n

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Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00eau l\u00ean t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> r\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong c\u00f5i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> \u1ea5y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i kinh<\/span> “nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y” b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Pa-li n\u00e0o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u00eau l\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y T\u0103ng-nh\u1ea5t B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span><\/i> (Anguttara Nikaya<\/i>) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 mai m\u1ed9t<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i-ch\u00fang b\u1ed9 (Mahasanghika) \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i g\u1ee3i \u00fd kh\u00e1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt-t\u00ednh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt hay Ph\u1eadt T\u00ednh<\/span> nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2<\/span> th\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong Thi\u1ec1n H\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u00e0 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00ean th\u1eadt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 200 sau T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> sau n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> <\/i>(Tathagatagarbha-sutra<\/i>, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 200 sau T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch), Th\u1eafng man Kinh<\/span> <\/i>(Srimaladevisimhanada-sutra<\/i>, th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III), \u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n Kinh<\/span><\/i> (Mahaparinirvana-sutra<\/i>, th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III), Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span><\/i> kinh<\/i> (Avatamsaka-sutra, <\/i>th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III), Nh\u1eadp L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 Kinh<\/span><\/i> (Lankavatara-sutra<\/i>, <\/i>th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III), v.v… N\u00f3i chung th\u00ec s\u1ed1 kinh s\u00e1ch v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> phong ph\u00fa<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u<\/span> th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III v\u00e0 IV, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n tr\u0103m n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ee9c v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 I tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kinh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec Nh\u1eadp L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 Kinh<\/span> <\/i>(Avatamsaka-sutra<\/i>) <\/span>l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 kh\u00fac tri\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t. Kinh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> Thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra n\u1ebfu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III. C\u0169ng xin nh\u1eafc th\u00eam l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t-Ma<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> kinh n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp<\/span> ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n H\u1ecdc<\/span> t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span> v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VI. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0B\u01b0\u1edbc sang th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00eam m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 t\u1eadp B\u1ea3o t\u00ednh<\/span> lu\u1eadn <\/i>(Uttaratantra-sastra <\/i>c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ratnagotravibhaga<\/i>). T\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt th\u1eadt s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 kh\u00fac tri\u1ebft. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eadp lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2<\/span> then ch\u1ed1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V hay \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VI. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u00e9t th\u1eadt kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u<\/span> m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ef1c th\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00f3i ri\u00eang su\u1ed1t trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u0103m n\u0103m, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 I tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VII v\u00e0 VIII. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> l\u1edbn tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>, Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span>, Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n H\u1ecdc<\/span>. Sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00eam. Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> th\u00ec b\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> l\u1edbn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m trong gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt ra th\u00ec tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e9p tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n H\u1ecdc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> c\u00f3 hai khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u1ea5t: tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng<\/span> kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span> trung t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span>, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> ra th\u00eam m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi l\u00e0 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt (Tathagatagarbha). V\u1eady B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt, ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a D.T. Suzuki trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f2n mang th\u00eam c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> hay c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa hay ch\u0103ng? <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt <\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Trong \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span><\/i> (Tathagatagarbha-sutra<\/i>) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u nh\u01b0 sau: “Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a tinh anh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>: t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 trong l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n<\/span> \u1ea9n d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau, nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng<\/span> d\u1ea5u k\u00edn trong m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u00f4 u\u1ebf…”<\/i>. \u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n Kinh<\/span><\/i> c\u0169ng n\u00eau l\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau: “T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0<\/span> b\u01a1 h\u00f2a l\u1eabn trong s\u1eefa, Ph\u1eadt-t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n<\/span> trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh”<\/i>. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt – c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt-t\u00ednh – kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u1ed9t kho b\u00e1u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 “nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n” hay m\u1ed9t ”ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n” gi\u00fap cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u1eadt. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> gi\u00fap h\u1ecd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span>. Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi b\u1ecb che khu\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u00f3p ng\u1ea1t b\u1edfi v\u00f4 minh<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt hay Ph\u1eadt-t\u00ednh, hay Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span> (Tathagatagarbha) c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng”, ”nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n” hay “ch\u1ee7ng-t\u1eed-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt”. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> kinh s\u00e1ch c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ch\u1eef “dhatu”<\/i> (c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span>, l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span>, th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng…) gh\u00e9p th\u00eam v\u00e0o ch\u1eef “Tathagata”<\/i> (Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb gh\u00e9p “Tathagatadhatu”<\/i>, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “Th\u1ec3-d\u1ea1ng-Nh\u01b0-Lai”<\/i>, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> n\u00e0y th\u1eadt ra mang hai th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng hay hai b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau: <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0- th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 sattvadhatu<\/i> hay “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang sinh” (ch\u1eef sattva<\/i> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>: \u00eatre \/ being), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng chung c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> “ch\u01b0a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9”.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0- th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 Dharmadhatu <\/i>hay “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p” c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Ph\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi” (c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span>), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi “Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i”.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0H\u01a1n n\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y kinh s\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 Dharmakaya<\/i> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 “Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n” <\/b>hay l\u00e0 “Th\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p”, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u01a1i ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1eef Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span>, Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c<\/span> hay s\u1ef1 V\u1eadn H\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5<\/span>, n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a s\u1eb5n Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span> hay Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span> chung trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m t\u00ednh \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u00f2n xem B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 “vi\u00ean m\u00e3n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i” v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 “\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong su\u1ed1t” bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n linh<\/span> nh\u1eb1m \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ri\u00eang h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i C\u1ee9u C\u00e1nh<\/span> (Dzongchen) th\u00ec B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 “b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00edch th\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c” v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 rigpa<\/i>. Ch\u1eef T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> rigpa<\/i> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> hay t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i”, v\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec ch\u1eef n\u00e0y <\/i>s\u1ebd mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 “b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft”, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 “h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a l\u1eeda” hay “s\u1ef1 \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc”. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eef rigpa <\/i>c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n vidya<\/i> (s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n<\/span> th\u1ea5y) hay prajna<\/i> (tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>) l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ch\u1eef avidya<\/i> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> Shentong – m\u1ed9t trong hai h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> Trung Qu\u00e1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> – th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt-t\u00ednh hay B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Buddhajana <\/i>t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Tr\u00ed-Tu\u1ec7-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt<\/i>. N\u00f3i chung c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa<\/span> v\u00e0 mang nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> qua h\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u tr\u0103m n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> “m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3” v\u1eeba tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, bao qu\u00e1t l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span> nhau s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span> quy \u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y ra th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch g\u1ee3i \u00fd nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span> n\u1eafm b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> “b\u00ed \u1ea9n” g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt. C\u00e1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> \u1ea5y s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra<\/span> b\u00ed \u1ea9n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam cho hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span>, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u00ean trong m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u00fac c\u1ea3m trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. V\u1eady c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng kh\u1eafp \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Sau b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 B\u1ed1n S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd (T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>), th\u00ec ngay sau \u0111\u00f3 trong b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00f4i” hay “gi\u00e1o l\u00fd V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3”. Trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m n\u0103m thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> “V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3” b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> th\u1eadt th\u00e2n c\u1eadn, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng ri\u00eang cho A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 hai b\u00e0i Kinh ng\u1eafn <\/i>v\u00e0 Kinh d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> <\/i>(Culasunnata-sutta<\/i> v\u00e0 Mahasunnata-sutta – Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span><\/i> 121, 122). Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ea7n Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00eau l\u00ean cho hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0 X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0 A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong c\u00f5i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u1ea5y. Trong b\u00e0i Kinh ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> <\/i>c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 sau: <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0– “B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ee5 \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n Nagaraka thu\u1ed9c x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Sakka. V\u00e0o d\u1ecbp \u1ea5y v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span> Ng\u00e0i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: ‘N\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, Ta lu\u00f4n an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0111ang trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y th\u00ec Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng an tr\u00fa<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n n\u1eefa’. B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u0110\u1ea5ng Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0– “Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00e0y A-nan-\u0111\u00e0, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf; nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u01a1i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110ang trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Ta t\u1eebng an tr\u00fa<\/span> trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u00ec nay Ta l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng an tr\u00fa<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec nh\u01b0 gian t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1<\/span> n\u00e0y do Mig\u00e2ra-Mat\u00e2 x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con voi n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con b\u00f2 c\u00e1i n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con ng\u1ef1a c\u00e1i n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea1c, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 n\u00e0o t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp<\/span>. Gian t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1<\/span> ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng-tr\u1ed1ng-kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t [c\u1ee7a n\u00f3] thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> b\u1edfi t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 T\u0103ng \u0110o\u00e0n<\/span>.” <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0\u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u00e1y n\u00e1y<\/span> kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf hay kh\u00f4ng. \u00c1y n\u00e1y<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span>\u00a0\u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span>. S\u1ef1 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n kh\u1ea9u<\/span> g\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n tr\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft<\/span> tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u1edd l\u00e1 b\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 I tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch \u1edf T\u00edch Lan<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn h\u01a1n \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec n\u00ean m\u1edbi n\u00eau l\u00ean v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u1eafc m\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i lu\u00f4n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa trong c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1ea5y v\u00e0 cho A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa \u1ea5y c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gian t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, khu r\u1eebng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, h\u01b0 v\u00f4<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng-c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m-nh\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch<\/span> hay \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 “m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb” c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> cho A-nan-\u0111\u00e0 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> d\u1ea1ng hay m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i theo D.T. Suzuki th\u00ec s\u1ef1 “c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn phi-\u0111\u1ed1i-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng” \u1ea5y cho th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> M\u1ed8T v\u1edbi c\u00e1i tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span> b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00e3y c\u1ee9 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1i tri th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> M\u1ed8T v\u1edbi n\u00f3 th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi<\/span> ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span>. D\u00f9 cho kh\u00f4ng<\/span> s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span> \u0111i n\u1eefa th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> hoang mang v\u00e0 lo l\u1eafng<\/span>, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u1ea5y trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i xem n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5y, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ed1 tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e1i h\u1ed1 \u1ea5y, n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a<\/span> “\u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed \u1ea9n” \u1ea5y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i M\u1ed8T trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a D.T. Suzuki hay c\u00e1i “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng” n\u00eau l\u00ean trong b\u00e0i Kinh ng\u1eafn v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/i>, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> “t\u00edch c\u1ef1c” h\u01a1n. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 kho\u00e1c l\u00ean cho t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp<\/span>. Chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang t\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt, Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt T\u00ednh<\/span>, Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span>, Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, v.v… Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> g\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch “v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a” (chosification, reification, objectification…) c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch “v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a” kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt, t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> trong Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span><\/i> (Tathagatagharbha-sutra<\/i>) v\u00e0 trong t\u1eadp B\u1ea3o T\u00ednh<\/span> Lu\u1eadn (Uttaratantra-sastra c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ratnagotravibhaga) <\/i>l\u00e0 hai trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u00edn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> so s\u00e1nh<\/span> B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> h\u01a1n:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt (Tathagatagarbha) t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a01- M\u1ed9t pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt<\/span> b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3a hoa sen<\/span> h\u00e9o \u00faa<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a02- M\u1eadt ng\u1ecdt gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7y ong<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a03- M\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> b\u00ean trong chi\u1ebfc v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a04- V\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng<\/span> gi\u1ea5u trong \u0111\u1ed1ng r\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a05- M\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng ch\u00f4n k\u00edn d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a06- M\u1ed9t m\u1ea7m c\u00e2y b\u00ean trong hoa qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a07- M\u1ed9t pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ed1ng gi\u1ebb r\u00e1ch<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a08- M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai trong b\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef<\/span> x\u1ea5u x\u00ed<\/span> v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a09- M\u1ed9t pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, m\u1eadt ng\u1ecdt hay v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng<\/span>… ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ” n\u1eb1m b\u00ean trong m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> h\u01b0 \u1ea3o<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Th\u1eadt v\u1eady n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u1ea1ng “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng” hay “t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng” th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 chinh ph\u1ee5c<\/span> h\u1ecd b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd l\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt hay Ph\u1eadt T\u00ednh<\/span> h\u1ea7u gi\u00fap h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec may ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c<\/span> h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Bures-Sur-Yvette,11.12.12<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Hoang Phong<\/b> chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] B\u1ea2N TH\u1ec2 C\u1ee6A PH\u1eacT Daisetz Teitaro Suzuki – Hoang Phong chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch: \u00a0B\u1ea3n-th\u1ec3-c\u1ee7a-Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng, Ph\u1eadt\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7094,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-7093","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7093","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7093"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7093\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7094"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7093"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7093"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7093"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=7093"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}