{"id":7178,"date":"2020-12-02T06:00:08","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T23:00:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/02\/garuda-chim-canh-vang-kim-si-dieu\/"},"modified":"2020-12-02T06:00:08","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T23:00:08","slug":"garuda-chim-canh-vang-kim-si-dieu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/02\/garuda-chim-canh-vang-kim-si-dieu\/","title":{"rendered":"Garuda – Chim C\u00e1nh V\u00e0ng (Kim S\u00ed \u0110i\u1ec3u)"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"garuda_-_chim_canh_vang__kim_si_dieu_\"

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Trong Hindu gi\u00e1o, Garuda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n Vishnu. Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh<\/span> tr\u00e1ng ki\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00e0ng r\u1ef1c \u00e1nh kim c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eafng, c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecf, m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u0169 mi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a n\u00e0y th\u1eadt to l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i che khu\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ea3 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9<\/span> truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn Naga b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>, lo\u1ea1i chim, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span>, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u00f3n ch\u00e2n ng\u1eafn. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> Garuda th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean b\u00f9a h\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> kh\u1ecfi r\u1eafn c\u1eafn v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a r\u1eafn. Garudi Vidya<\/i> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2u th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa<\/span> ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a r\u1eafn v\u00e0 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u xa<\/span>, qu\u1ef7 qu\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

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Garuda trong Hindu gi\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Upanishad<\/i>, Garudopanishad<\/i>, t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp truy\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> Purana, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m ri\u00eang k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 Garuda (Garuda Purana). \u1ede t\u1eebng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3, Garuda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy cho Garuda l\u00e0 Chirada, Gaganeshvara, <\/i>Kamayusha, Kashyapi, Khageshvara, Nagantaka, Sitanana, Sudhahara, Suparna, Tarkshya, Vainateya, Vishnuratha<\/i>… <\/p>\n

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Kinh Veda n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Garuda s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t, d\u00f9 d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean Syena<\/i>, v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01a1i con chim to l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 mang r\u01b0\u1ee3u ti\u00ean\/ m\u1eadt hoa t\u1eeb thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> xu\u1ed1ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Trong chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>, ra \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Garuda th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh danh<\/span> l\u00e0 Dyena<\/i> (t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng) v\u00e0 Garuda c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span>. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Sri Pancamukha Hanuman\/ Hanuman n\u0103m m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 Mahavira Garuda. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y<\/span>. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd c\u00fang<\/span> Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin l\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i m\u1ecdi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng\/ t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c ra kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. \u1ede v\u00f9ng Tamil Vaishnavism, Garuda v\u00e0 Hanuman \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00f4n danh l\u00e0 Periya Thiruvadi<\/i> v\u00e0 Siriya Thiruvadi<\/i>.<\/p>\n

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Trong th\u00e1nh th\u01b0 Bhagavad-Gita<\/i> (ch.10, c\u00e2u\/ \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01a1 30), \u1edf gi\u1eefa chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kurukshetra, Krishna \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cNh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a Vinata, trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Garuda, vua c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ee7a Garuda.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Garuda th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y r\u1eafn l\u00e0m \u201ctrang s\u1ee9c\u201d. Garuda mang r\u1eafn Adisesha tr\u00ean c\u1ed5 tay tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 r\u1eafn Gulika tr\u00ean c\u1ed5 tay ph\u1ea3i. R\u1eafn Vasuki l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y thi\u00eang cho Garuda. R\u1eafn mang b\u00e0nh Takshaka qu\u1ea5n th\u00e0nh th\u1eaft l\u01b0ng \u1edf h\u00f4ng Garuda. R\u1eafn Karkotaka \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang nh\u01b0 chu\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t<\/span>. R\u1eafn Padma v\u00e0 Mahapadma l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hoa tai<\/span>. R\u1eafn Shankachuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u00e1i t\u00f3c th\u1ea7n. N\u1eb1m b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn Garuda l\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 Rudra v\u00e0 Sukeerthi (hay Sukirthi). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn<\/span> trong Garuda Panchashath<\/i> v\u00e0 Garuda Dandaka<\/i> thu\u1ed9c Vedanta Desika<\/i>. Garuda v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu Rudra v\u00e0 Sukirthi \u1edf hai b\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd t\u1eeb th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a trong \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1edd Soumya Keshva \u1edf Bindiganavile (hay Mayura puri trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n) thu\u1ed9c bang Karnataka c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Garuda Vyuha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edd c\u00fang<\/span> \u1edf Tantra v\u00ec Abhichara v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> Abhichara. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb<\/span>, Garuda l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Sankarshna – v\u1ecb ch\u00faa t\u1ec3 trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>, t\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ch\u00faa t\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 Garuda bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho n\u0103m vayus b\u00ean trong ch\u00fang ta<\/span>: prana, vyana, udana, samana, apana qua n\u0103m h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 Satya, Suparna, Garuda, Tarkshya, Vihagashwara. N\u0103m vayus th\u00f4ng qua yoga c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> b\u1edfi Pranayama d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> Kundalini \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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Garuda \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Krishna. \u1ede tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 Krishna v\u00e0 Satyabhama c\u01b0\u1ee1i tr\u00ean Garuda \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft Narakasura. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> kh\u00e1c, th\u1ea7n Hari c\u01b0\u1ee1i Garuda \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u con voi m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> Gajendra. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1nh chim Garuda khi bay s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng<\/span> kinh Veda.<\/p>\n

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Garuda\u00a0<\/b>trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> Hindu<\/b><\/p>\n

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C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Garuda, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Pali v\u00e0 Sanskrit. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span> (Sanskrit) l\u00e0 Ramayana, Mahabharata<\/i> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c truy\u1ec7n c\u1ed5 t\u00edch<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 trong Pali, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 Tam t\u1ea1ng<\/span> (Tripitaka).<\/p>\n

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Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span>, Garuda l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a Kasyapa. Nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Kasyapa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft<\/span> quy\u1ec1n uy<\/span>, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee3, nh\u01b0ng hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng<\/span> nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hai ch\u1ecb em Vinata v\u00e0 Kadru. Kadru \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7u xin<\/span> Kasyapa ban cho<\/span> m\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u con, do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra 1.000 con r\u1eafn Naga. Nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn Naga n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00e2u trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>. Vinata c\u0169ng c\u1ea7u xin<\/span> ch\u1ed3ng ban cho<\/span> hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a Kadru. Vinata sinh ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng. Vinata \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn 500 n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh g\u00ec. M\u1ea5t h\u1ebft ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2, Vinata \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t trong hai qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n

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Trong qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi d\u01b0\u1edbi. Bi\u1ebft m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 m\u00e9o m\u00f3, d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng<\/span>, \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> gi\u1eadn d\u1eef<\/span>. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1t ra l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a<\/span>: M\u1eb9\/ Vinata s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u\/ n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb em Kadru trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> 500 n\u0103m, r\u1ed3i bay \u0111i. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> v\u1ecb n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh xe ng\u1ef1a cho th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> Surya (Suriya) m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Aruna (Arun).<\/p>\n

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Qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Vinata 500 n\u0103m sau c\u0169ng n\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Garuda. Ngay khi n\u1edf ra t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng, Garuda \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3: khu\u1ea5t l\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i v\u1ed7 c\u00e1nh khi\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t rung l\u1eafc d\u1eef d\u1ed9i<\/span>, m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp ngang v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>, h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span> m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n<\/span> \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1<\/span> ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb th\u00e2n v\u00e0ng kim c\u1ee7a Garuda v\u1edbi \u00e1nh n\u1eafng<\/span> ch\u00f3i chang c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7n l\u1eeda Agni. Qu\u00e1 khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea7u xin<\/span> Garuda. Nghe th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u<\/span> kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft, chim th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt<\/span> k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sinh l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. <\/p>\n

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L\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a<\/span> c\u1ee7a Aruna cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> khi Vinata v\u00e0 Kadru tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a con ng\u1ef1a trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea5y bi\u1ec3n s\u1eefa (tuy m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea5y bi\u1ec3n s\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra<\/span> thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> amrita). Vinata tin r\u1eb1ng con ng\u1ef1a c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng tuy\u1ec1n. C\u00f2n Kadru n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m, do v\u1eady con ng\u1ef1a s\u1ebd c\u00f3 v\u00e0i c\u1ecdng l\u00f4ng \u0111en. Cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i d\u1eef d\u1ed9i<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh cu\u1ed9c k\u1ebb n\u00e0o thua cu\u1ed9c s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c su\u1ed1t 500 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

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Con ng\u1ef1a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng tuy\u1ec1n. Kadru bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 k\u1ebb thua cu\u1ed9c n\u00ean Kadru \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con Naga c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00ednh nh\u1eefng c\u1ecdng l\u00f4ng \u0111en v\u00e0o con ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u x\u00e1m. Vinata ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 n\u00ean thua cu\u1ed9c, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> n\u00f4 l\u1ec7<\/span> cho Kadru v\u00e0 b\u1ecb giam<\/span> c\u1ea7m \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n Naga.<\/p>\n

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Garuda sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m m\u01b0u<\/span> x\u1ea3o tr\u00e1 n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u1eb9, Garuda \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn Naga l\u00e0 s\u1ebd mang v\u1ec1 cho ch\u00fang thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do<\/span> cho m\u1eb9.<\/p>\n

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Garuda \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n linh<\/span> thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n Indra. Garuda qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i l\u01b0\u1ee1i t\u1ea7m s\u00e9t, v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n Indra \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadp v\u1ee1 tung<\/span>. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd th\u1ea7n Vishnu l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o ti\u1ebfp chi\u1ebfn. B\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n th\u1eafng b\u1ea1i<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span>, th\u1ea7n Vishnu h\u1ee9a ban cho<\/span> Garuda \u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n<\/span> b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span> cao h\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c. Garuda c\u0169ng t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1ee1i cho th\u1ea7n Vishnu v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> l\u1eeba nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn Naga \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i<\/span> thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> sau khi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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\u00c2n hu\u1ec7<\/span> m\u00e0 Garuda gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb th\u1ea7n Indra (m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u1ea7n Vishnu) l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn Naga s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/span> truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Garuda. Do \u0111\u00f3, Garuda ch\u1ed9p v\u00e0 gi\u1eef ch\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn Naga d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00f3ng vu\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u1ed5 v\u00e0o \u0111u\u00f4i Naga \u0111\u1ec3 moi ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0103n nh\u1eefng con b\u00e9o m\u1eadp, v\u1ee9t x\u00e1c ch\u00fang xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m.<\/p>\n

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Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Garuda c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed1i th\u00f9<\/span> truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa Garuda v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn Naga. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecb b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft th\u00eam th\u1eaft<\/span> hay c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t…<\/p>\n

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Quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi Mahabharata<\/i>(1)<\/sup> th\u00eam th\u1eaft<\/span> r\u1eb1ng:… L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> amrita \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n. Thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n l\u1eeda l\u1edbn bao tr\u00f9m c\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn nh\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i dao ch\u1eb7n \u1edf l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o v\u00e0 hai con r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span> kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 n\u1eb1m canh s\u00e1t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u1ecd thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Garuda, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh. Garuda \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 r\u1ea3i h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 t\u1ee9 ph\u00eda. L\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng ng\u1eadm v\u00e0o m\u1ed3m, chim th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft<\/span> \u0111\u00e1m l\u1eeda b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1ee9t n\u00f3 \u0111i. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, Garuda tr\u01b0\u1eddn qua nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh qu\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 m\u00e1y gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>, Garuda x\u00e9 x\u00e1c hai con r\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, l\u1ea5y thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> ng\u1eadm trong m\u1ecf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nu\u1ed1t ch\u00fang, lao v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng trung, v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn \u0111ang h\u0103m h\u1edf<\/span> ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i. <\/p>\n

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Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>, Garuda bay \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i. \u0110\u1eb7t thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 ra. Garuda \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn c\u1eed h\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u1ec5 thanh t\u1ea9y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span>. Khi b\u1ecdn r\u1eafn h\u1ed1i h\u1ea3<\/span>, g\u1ea5p r\u00fat<\/span> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u1ec5 nghi<\/span>, th\u1ea7n Indra \u0111\u00e3 lao xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 mang thu\u1ed1c ti\u00ean<\/span> \u0111i m\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> sau l\u1ec5 t\u1eafm g\u1ed9i th\u1ea5y thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n r\u01a1i r\u1edbt v\u00e0i gi\u1ecdt nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ecdng tr\u00ean c\u1ecf. Ch\u00fang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> li\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y li\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1i b\u1ecb ch\u1ebb\/ t\u00e1ch ra l\u00e0m hai. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf \u0111i, nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc l\u01b0\u1ee1i ch\u1ebb \u0111\u00f4i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ed9t da \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh\/ b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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D\u1ecb b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng: … Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n Vishnu l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Garuda. V\u00e0 khi Garuda b\u1ecb khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c<\/span>, th\u1ea7n Vishnu \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt l\u00ean tr\u00ean Garuda \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t l\u1eddi th\u1ec1<\/span> quy ph\u1ee5c<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng. Vishnu sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng Garuda l\u00e0m v\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1ee1i cho m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ban cho<\/span> Garuda s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span>. Trong c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> Hindu sau \u0111\u00f3, Krishna, h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n Vishnu, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> Garuda l\u00e0m v\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1ee1i cho th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i con r\u1eafn Naga to l\u1edbn Kaliya.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede Th\u00e1i Lan, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng coi Krut <\/i>(Garuda) nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf cho th\u1ea7n Vishnu v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> amrita \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng Garuda \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi sinh v\u1eadt tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> amrita. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Narai (Vishnu) ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Garuda. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>, m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/span> m\u1ecdi th\u00f9 hi\u1ec1m: khi Narai \u1edf trong cung \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi<\/span> cao c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Garuda s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> cao h\u01a1n, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ed9t ph\u00eda tr\u00ean cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Narai. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, khi Narai mu\u1ed1n \u0111i du ngo\u1ea1n<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3, Garuda ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1<\/span> chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf cho Narai.<\/p>\n

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T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin<\/span> c\u1eady c\u1ee7a<\/span> Vishnu, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngu\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, Garuda lu\u00f4n b\u1eaft l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn m\u1ed9t khi c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp.<\/p>\n

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Theo Mahabharata<\/i>, Garuda c\u00f3 6 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i chim. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> to l\u1edbn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat l\u00f2ng tr\u1eafc \u1ea9n<\/span> v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn. Vishnu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9<\/span>, che ch\u1edf<\/span> cho chim th\u1ea7n(2)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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Trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> Mahabharata<\/i>, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> cho s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> d\u1eef d\u1ed9i<\/span>, cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m<\/span>, tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f5. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn binh h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebb th\u00f9<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Garuda lao b\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn(3)<\/sup>. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn binh b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng con r\u1eafn b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eadp b\u1ed5 b\u1edfi Garuda(4)<\/sup>. Nguy\u00ean so\u00e1i Drona \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i theo t\u00ean Garuda(5)<\/sup>. Krishna th\u1eadm ch\u00ed mang h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Garuda tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh(6)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Garuda \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u1ecb b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi Ramayana [Phra L\u1eafc-Phra Lam (L\u00e0o), Ri\u00eamk\u00ea (Khmer), Ramakien (Th\u00e1i Lan) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c di b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c \u1edf Indonesia, Malaysia…]. \u1ede \u0111\u00f3, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00faa ch\u1eb1n Ravana (Kr\u00f4ng Ri\u1ebfp (Khmer), Tossakan (Th\u00e1i Lan)…).<\/p>\n

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Trong d\u1ecb b\u1ea3n Th\u00e1i Lan c\u1ee7a s\u1eed thi Ramayana<\/i> l\u00e0 Ramakien,<\/i> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn con chim l\u1edbn Sadayu<\/i> <\/b>l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a Garuda. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con chim kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 l\u00e0 Nok Sumpatee. Trong truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3, Sadayu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con chim l\u1edbn v\u1edbi th\u00e2n m\u00e0u xanh l\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, con chim \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ea3nh Tossakan (Ravana, nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec7n) b\u1eaft c\u00f3c n\u00e0ng Sida (Sita), v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Rama. Chim \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh nhau<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m<\/span> v\u1edbi Tossakan. T\u00ean kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Sadayu. Nh\u01b0ng chim Sadayu \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> khi \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTa kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i th\u1ea7n Shiva, th\u1ea7n Vishnu v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng Sita\u201d.<\/p>\n

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Ch\u00faa ch\u1eb1n nghe th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a chim, h\u1eafn l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00e1o chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn ra kh\u1ecfi ng\u00f3n tay n\u00e0ng Sita v\u00e0 n\u00e9m v\u00e0o Sadayu. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Sadayu b\u1ecb n\u00e1t tan v\u00e0 ch\u00faa ch\u1eb1n c\u1eafp l\u1ea5y n\u00e0ng Sita mang \u0111i<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Tuy b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, Sadayu v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> mang chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o v\u1edbi ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Rama, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00edn th\u1edf t\u1ef1 v\u1eabn v\u00ec n\u1ed7i \u00f4 nh\u1ee5c<\/span> b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> chim Sadayu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc<\/span>, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n, ch\u00f9a, cung \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 – \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 v\u00e0 m\u00faa r\u1ed1i b\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

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B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u1ec1 chim Sumpatee – m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u1ee7a Garuda v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Nok Sadayu. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng<\/span> v\u1edbi Sadayu nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf thay v\u00ec xanh l\u1ee5c. Sumpatee l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con chim lu\u00f4n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1edfi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

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C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> x\u1ea3y ra khi Sumpatee v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi em Sadayu, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf tr\u00ean n\u00fai Ussakan. Sadayu v\u00ec c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 ng\u00e2y th\u01a1 n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> khi t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c kia l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n n\u00f3. Th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> gi\u1eadn d\u1eef<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> thi\u00eau ch\u00e1y con chim b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00f3ng ra nh\u1eefng tia s\u00e1ng<\/span> ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Sumpatee th\u1ea5y em m\u00ecnh b\u1ecb tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t<\/span> b\u1edfi th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh che ch\u1eafn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> cho em kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng tia n\u1eafng b\u1ecfng r\u00e1t, s\u1eafc nh\u1ecdn. S\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn l\u00f4ng Sumpatee r\u01a1i r\u1ee5ng. V\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, th\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 bu\u00f4ng l\u1eddi<\/span> nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a khi\u1ebfn Sumpatee v\u1eabn m\u00e3i tr\u1ee5i l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0y t\u1edbi hang \u0111\u1ed9ng Hemarantee. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed Rama mang chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng Sita t\u1edbi, l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a<\/span> m\u1edbi h\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Garuda\u00a0<\/b>trong t\u00edn ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u00e1o<\/b><\/p>\n

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Garuda, phi\u00ean \u00e2m H\u00e1n-Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ca-l\u00e2u-la \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/i> hay Ca-l\u00e2u-la<\/i> (Ph\u1ea1n: Garuda<\/i>, Pali: Garula<\/i>), lo\u00e0i th\u1ea7n \u0111i\u00eau c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh v\u00e0ng. H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch: Th\u1ef1c th\u1ed5 bi kh\u1ed5<\/span> thanh, Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span>, Di\u1ec7u s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/i> (Ph\u1ea1n: Suparni<\/i>, H\u00e1n \u00e2m: T\u00f4-b\u00e1t-l\u1eb7c-ni<\/i>) v\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u1eb7p c\u00e1nh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p; hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi: Gia-l\u00e2u-la \u0111i\u1ec3u, Ca-l\u01b0u-la \u0111i\u1ec3u, Gi\u00e0-l\u00e2u-l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u, Y\u1ebft-l\u1ed9 tr\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u <\/i>(7)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i chim di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u00eang h\u00f3a: th\u00e2n to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 hung d\u1eef, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i chim c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n Vishnu c\u1ee1i. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00fac chim n\u00e0y sinh ra, th\u00e2n ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi, ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean<\/span> l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 H\u1ecfa thi\u00ean<\/span> n\u00ean k\u00e9o nhau \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, theo kinh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e2u thu\u1eadt thi\u00ean gi\u00e1ng th\u1ea7n<\/span> m\u1eabu thai thuy\u1ebft qu\u1ea3ng ph\u1ed5<\/span> 7<\/i>, Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> ch\u00faa th\u00e2n cao 160.000km, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1nh d\u00e0i 80.000km.<\/p>\n

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Ph\u00e1p hoa v\u0103n c\u00fa<\/span><\/i>: Lo\u00e0i Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u1eb7p c\u00e1nh m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng<\/span>, \u1edf tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ecd<\/span> trong b\u1ed1n \u0110\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00e2u. Lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng hay ch\u01b0 long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 lo\u00e0i Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span>. C\u1eb7p c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n chim \u1ea5y khi x\u00f2e ra m\u00e0 bay \u0111i, th\u00ec cho\u00e1n ba tr\u0103m ba m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u v\u1ea1n d\u1eb7m.<\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c<\/span>, <\/i>kinh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n<\/i> cho r\u1eb1ng lo\u00e0i Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span>, h\u1ec5 \u0103n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1eadt nh\u01b0: r\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1, v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u<\/span>, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1eadt \u1ea5y ti\u00eau h\u00f3a<\/span> h\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t kim cang<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Theo kinh Lu\u1eadt d\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> 48<\/i>, chim n\u00e0y qu\u1ea1t c\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t ra lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00f9 m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

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Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng khi Garuda v\u1ed7 c\u00e1nh s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn cu\u1ed3ng phong l\u00e0m u \u00e1m<\/span> b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 khi so s\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1edbi Garuda v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n n\u1ea5p trong b\u1ed9 l\u00f4ng chim Garuda m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (Kakati Jataka<\/i>, truy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 327). Garuda c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ee9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00e2y \u0111a<\/span> k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 mang ch\u00fang \u0111i.<\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, lo\u00e0i Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> (Ca-l\u00e2u-la) c\u00f3 hai h\u1ea1ng: 1\/ H\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c<\/span>, h\u1ea1i ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c th\u00fa, chim, c\u00e1, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u01b0a s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i<\/span> lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng (long); 2\/ H\u1ea1ng tu h\u00e0nh<\/span>, m\u1ed9 nghe Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9<\/span> nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ch\u00e2n tu<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>. H\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 trong b\u00e1t b\u1ed9 ch\u00fang<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ebfn nghe Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft<\/span> kinh \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>(8)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span>, kinh Tr\u01b0\u1eddng A-h\u00e0m 19<\/i> cho r\u1eb1ng Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> c\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i: No\u00e3n sanh<\/span> (t\u1eeb tr\u1ee9ng sanh ra), thai sanh<\/span> (sanh t\u1eeb b\u00e0o thai<\/span>), th\u1ea5p sanh<\/span> (sanh t\u1eeb n\u01a1i \u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt) v\u00e0 h\u00f3a sanh<\/span> (do bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh ra). Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> thu\u1ed9c no\u00e3n sanh<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i r\u1ed3ng no\u00e3n sanh<\/span>; Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> thai sanh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng thai sanh<\/span> v\u00e0 no\u00e3n sanh<\/span>; Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u1ea5p sanh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng th\u1ea5p sanh<\/span>, no\u00e3n sanh<\/span> v\u00e0 thai sanh<\/span>; Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> h\u00f3a sanh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a sanh<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i th\u00f9<\/span> truy\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Naga, theo kinh Qu\u00e1n Ph\u1eadt tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span> h\u1ea3i 1<\/i>, chim n\u00e0y do nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span> n\u00ean \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng, trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u1edf c\u00f5i Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9-\u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0103n m\u1ed9t con r\u1ed3ng ch\u00faa v\u00e0 500 r\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u1eefng con Garuda xa x\u01b0a kia<\/span> v\u1ed3 ch\u1ed9p c\u00e1c Naga v\u00e0 t\u00fam l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang. Lo\u00e0i Naga \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 nu\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 khi Garuda mang \u0111i<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn Garuda ch\u1ebft v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7t s\u1ee9c<\/span> hay m\u1ec7t l\u1eed. Khi b\u00ed m\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh<\/span> Karambiya ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t con chim Garuda, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch t\u00f3m l\u1ea5y Naga b\u1eb1ng \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u00e9p ch\u00fang n\u00f4n ra nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 (Pandara Jataka<\/i>, truy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1 518). \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/span> t\u00ednh s\u00e1t sanh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Garuda, trong Mahasamyatta Sutta<\/i> thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u1ea3i h\u00f2a<\/span> t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi gi\u1eefa Naga v\u00e0 Garuda.<\/p>\n

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Theo c\u00e1c kinh \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> th\u00ec lo\u00e0i chim n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong 8 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ch\u00fang, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tr\u1eddi, r\u1ed3ng, a-tu-la… t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00f2a trong h\u1ed9i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 Garuda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sakra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> canh g\u00e1c n\u00fai Sumeru v\u00e0 tr\u1eddi Trayastrimsa kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Asura.<\/p>\n

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Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>(9) <\/sup>\u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 vua lo\u00e0i Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span>, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi \u00e2m theo Ph\u1ea1n: Ca-l\u00e2u-la v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/i>. V\u00e0 Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng d\u00f9ng x\u01b0ng t\u1eb7ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta x\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0: Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, Ng\u01b0u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, T\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng kinh<\/span> Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p li\u00ean hoa<\/span><\/i>, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> (Ca-l\u00e2u-la v\u01b0\u01a1ng) d\u1ef1 nghe, m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb d\u1eaft theo r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c<\/span> trong lo\u00e0i Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 4 v\u1ecb Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>: 1\/ V\u1ecb vua Garuda \u0111\u1ea7y quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, 2\/ V\u1ecb vua Garuda c\u00f3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 to l\u1edbn, 3\/ V\u1ecb vua Garuda to\u00e0n n\u0103ng<\/span>, v\u00e0 4\/ V\u1ecb vua Garuda th\u1ecfa nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng<\/span> theo h\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

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Lo\u00e0i Garuda c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i Garuda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi n\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n quan h\u1ec7, giao thi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb vua Garuda c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng<\/span>, l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span> trong h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ng\u1ee5 \u1edf c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a simbali hay nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u00f4ng g\u00f2n.<\/p>\n

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Trong kinh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n<\/i>, quy\u1ec3n 38, c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: T\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span>, ch\u01b0a ai nghe th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1eadc Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u1ea1i \u0111i tranh v\u1edbi chim qu\u1ea1! (T\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng th\u00e8m h\u1ea1i k\u1ebb ti\u1ec3u nh\u00e2n<\/span>). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t b\u1eadc t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Trong M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec Ca-l\u00e2u-la l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean<\/span>, T\u1ef3-n\u1eefu Thi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean<\/span>… C\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n Th\u00f9 S\u01b0 L\u1ee3i<\/span>, thu\u1ed9c h\u01b0\u1edbng Nam c\u1ee7a Kim Cang b\u1ed9<\/span>, ngo\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7n mandala Thai T\u1ea1ng gi\u1edbi<\/span>. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Ca-l\u00e2u-la ph\u00e1p<\/i>, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi Ca-l\u00e2u-la \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p<\/span>. <\/i>Trong ph\u00e1p tu c\u1ee7a M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, vi\u1ec7c th\u1edd Ca-l\u00e2u-la v\u01b0\u01a1ng (Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span>) l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n t\u00f4n<\/span>, l\u00e0 b\u00ed ph\u00e1p<\/span> tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n<\/span>, ng\u0103n gi\u00f3 m\u01b0a, tr\u00e1nh s\u1ea5m d\u1eef…<\/p>\n

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Theo kinh Ca-l\u00e2u-la v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean<\/span> m\u1eadt ng\u00f4n<\/span><\/i>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u00e1p<\/span> m\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> trong c\u00e1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi o\u00e1n gh\u00e9t v\u00e0 qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n; ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> h\u01a1n h\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Theo Ca-l\u00e2u-la ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0 qu\u1ef9<\/i> trong Gi\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n sao<\/span><\/i>, th\u00ec tu ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> trong th\u1eddi m\u1ea1t ph\u00e1p<\/span>: ch\u00f3ng linh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span>, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ecdc b\u00e1u trong t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i chim ch\u00faa qu\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a b\u00e1u<\/span> \u1edf Long cung<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cam l\u1ed9<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 tu\u00f4n m\u01b0a tuy\u1ebft xu\u1ed1ng, tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1n r\u1eafn r\u00edt, l\u00e0m tan r\u00e3 qu\u00e2n tr\u1eadn, h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c<\/span> oan gia<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau k\u00ednh, tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n<\/span>, g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf xa, k\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1… Th\u00eam \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> \u1ea5n(10)<\/sup>, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u1ea5n: hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i giao nhau, hai b\u00e0n tay x\u00f2e ra nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh, k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh<\/span> Kim s\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3u<\/span> (chim c\u00e1nh v\u00e0ng<\/span>) \u0111\u1ed9ng ba l\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0 d\u1ea1ng \u0111ang bay. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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T\u00edn ni\u1ec7m Garuda\u00a0<\/b>\u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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T\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span>. \u1ede Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 galone<\/i>. Trong thu\u1eadt chi\u00eam tinh Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> di chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt l\u00e0 galone. \u1ede Th\u00e1i Lan, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Krut<\/i>. \u1ede Indonesia l\u00e0 Burung Garuda<\/i> v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a chim Garuda\/ chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng. Trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Kapampangan c\u1ee7a Philippine, t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng l\u00e0 galura<\/i>. \u1ede M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span>, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Khan Garuda<\/i> hay Khangarid<\/i>. Garuda\/ Khangarid, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span>, Ulan Bator. Theo t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span>, Khangarid<\/i> l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n linh<\/span> c\u1ee7a d\u00e3y n\u00fai<\/span> Bogd Khan Uul, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> trung th\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. Ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh g\u00e1c\/ b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9<\/span> d\u00e3y n\u00fai<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 can \u0111\u1ea3m<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span>, tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau m\u1ed7i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f4 v\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span> bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n l\u1ec5 nghi<\/span> Garuda, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7u m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng<\/span> Khangarid v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con chim \u01b0ng\/ di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u. <\/p>\n

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T\u00ean Trung Hoa c\u1ee7a Garuda l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i chim B\u1eb1ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 (m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i chim th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span>), v\u1ecb vua c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i chim v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh v\u00e0ng r\u1ef1c l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch c\u1ee1 to hay nh\u1ecf, l\u1edbn hay b\u00e9, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> hay bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f4i c\u00e1nh m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> 330 yojanas (1 yojana d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 40 d\u1eb7m). V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eadp\/ v\u1ed7 c\u00e1nh, chim B\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 c\u1ea1n n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ea5u nghi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con r\u1ed3ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u kia. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i v\u1ed7 c\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 s\u1eadp<\/span> n\u00fai, nh\u1ea5n n\u00fai ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Karura<\/i>(11)<\/sup>. Karura l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh<\/span> v\u1eadt thi\u00eang li\u00eang<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ea7u chim trong Ph\u1eadt tho\u1ea1i Hindu Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>. Karura, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u1eeb Garuda (Ph\u1ea1n: Garuda<\/i>, Pali: Garula<\/i>), d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>. M\u1ed9t sinh<\/span> v\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span>, x\u00e9t theo t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 konjicho<\/i> (chim c\u00e1nh v\u00e0ng<\/span>) g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n: suparna<\/i>.<\/p>\n

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Karura \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c t\u00edn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh<\/span> v\u1eadt kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, th\u1edf ra<\/span> l\u1eeda, \u0103n r\u1ed3ng\/r\u1eafn; Garuda l\u00e0 tai \u01b0\u01a1ng\/nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i Naga. Ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> m\u1ed9t con r\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 b\u00f9a ph\u00f9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, hay m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m<\/span> nghe \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span>, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1eeb Karura. Shumisen\/n\u00fai Meru \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee7a Karura.<\/p>\n

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Karura l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edn ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi\/v\u1eadt gi\u1eef c\u1ee7a, canh g\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hachibushu<\/i> (ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u00e1t b\u1ed9 ch\u00fang<\/span>).<\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 Karura \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh<\/span> v\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u chim, nh\u01b0 trong Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> vi\u1ec7n (Kongo buin), b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c trung t\u00e2m<\/span> mandala (Taizokai mandara) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span> b\u1eb1ng tranh trong kinh v\u0103n v\u00e0 tranh gi\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9n. M\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Karura \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1edd Kofukuji, Nara (m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean<\/span> hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> trong l\u1ec5 khai th\u1ecb, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m Tenpyo 6 hay 734 sau C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean<\/span>). Karura \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span> m\u1eb7c ki\u1ec3u \u00e1o gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, Karura c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi Hoo hay chim ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0ng. M\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 Karura l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 m\u00faa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> trong v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u gigaku c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>. Trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh Ph\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7ng h\u00e0o quang<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201cng\u1ecdn\/\u00e1nh l\u1eeda Karura\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed \u1edf ph\u00eda sau t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Fudo-myoo\/B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng Minh V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>. V\u00e0 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, Karura c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt v\u1ebd\/h\u1ecda tengu hay karasutengu.<\/p>\n

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\u1ede T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 khyung <\/i>hay mkha\u2019lding<\/i>(12)<\/sup>; <\/i>\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y Garuda \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> kh\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi Bonpo khading<\/i> (T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>: mkha\u2019 lding<\/i>), chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng v\u00e0ng kim c\u00f3 s\u1eebng, vua c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i chim v\u00e0 chim Bon c\u1ee7a l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

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Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n giao<\/span> Dzogchen c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> Nyingma v\u00e0 Bon. Trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> Nyingma, Garuda l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span> ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh<\/span> (Padma-sambhava) v\u00e0 trong terma (T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>: gter-ma<\/i>) hay truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> ch\u00f4n gi\u1ea5u ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u<\/span>, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh g\u00e1c\/b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kho b\u00e1u. Nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5p Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ea7n<\/span> (Vajrapani) v\u00e0 M\u00e3 \u0110\u1ea7u Quan \u00c2m<\/span> (Hayagriva). B\u1ed9 ba di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p<\/span> hay r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ba v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i m\u1ecdi tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tai h\u1ecda<\/span> do r\u1eafn g\u00e2y ra c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111au th\u1eadn, d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ung th\u01b0. Trong luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

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M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m n\u0103m Garuda t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u0103m m\u00e0u, nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1<\/span>, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt: v\u00e0ng (\u0111\u1ea5t), tr\u1eafng (n\u01b0\u1edbc), \u0111\u1ecf (l\u1eeda), \u0111en (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed), xanh hay \u0111a s\u1eafc (kh\u00f4ng trung). Garuda \u0111a s\u1eafc c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi eo (\u0111\u1ea5t), tr\u1eafng t\u1eeb h\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed1n (n\u01b0\u1edbc), \u0111\u1ecf t\u1eeb r\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng (l\u1eeda), \u0111en t\u1eeb c\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00e1n (kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed), xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng hay l\u1ee5c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u (s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>). L\u00f4ng c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Garuda \u0111a s\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 n\u0103m m\u00e0u, nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng t\u1ecfa ra<\/span> m\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng, bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng<\/span> l\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbt vajra. Garuda c\u00f3 hai ho\u1eb7c ba m\u1eaft, lu\u00f4n v\u00e0ng r\u1ef1c \u00e1nh kim.<\/p>\n

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Garuda l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ee7a Amoghasiddhi (Ph\u1eadt B\u1ea5t Kh\u00f4ng Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u<\/span> xanh) c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, ch\u00faa t\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> hay nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng\/\u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span>. <\/p>\n

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Garuda trong Ph\u1eadt tho\u1ea1i<\/b><\/p>\n

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Theo ghi ch\u00e9p trong kinh Ph\u1eadt, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> thu n\u1ea1p<\/span>, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m b\u1ed9 ch\u00fang h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p<\/span>. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 thu n\u1ea1p<\/span> c\u1ea3 hai linh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Naga v\u00e0 Garuda v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec<\/span> cho Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Trong kinh Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ghi r\u1eb1ng, Garuda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi s\u1ea3i c\u00e1nh h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n d\u1eb7m, chuy\u00ean \u0103n th\u1ecbt<\/span> r\u1ed3ng. Khi Garuda v\u1eaby \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda bi\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4i, \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9 ra, lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng \u0111ang n\u00fap d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n<\/span> s\u1ebd b\u1ecb Garuda d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfc m\u1ecf kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> b\u1eaft l\u1ea5y \u0103n th\u1ecbt<\/span>. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y Garuda ph\u1ea3i \u0103n th\u1ecbt<\/span> m\u1ed9t con r\u1ed3ng l\u1edbn (t\u1ee9c Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>) v\u00e0 500 con r\u1ed3ng nh\u1ecf (t\u1ee9c con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>).<\/p>\n

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Do Garuda t\u00e0n s\u00e1t lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> kinh ho\u1ea3ng<\/span>, b\u00e8n c\u1ea7u xin<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0<\/span> c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap t\u1ed9c r\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> b\u00e8n l\u1ec7nh cho Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ea3 gia t\u1ed9c<\/span> r\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> B\u00e1t quan trai gi\u1edbi<\/span>, v\u00e0 ban cho<\/span> Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m c\u00e0-sa c\u0169, d\u1eb7n Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> x\u00e9 ra ph\u00e1t cho m\u1ed7i r\u1ed3ng ch\u00e1u r\u1ed3ng con m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i bu\u1ed9c l\u00ean tr\u00ean s\u1eebng.<\/p>\n

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Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u00e0m y theo<\/span> l\u1eddi d\u1eb7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0<\/span>. Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau, Garuda kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1eaft r\u1ed3ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt<\/span> n\u1eefa. Long v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> sinh l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i hoan h\u1ef7<\/span>, b\u00e8n quy y<\/span> c\u1eeda Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1ea7n h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Tuy r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed9c r\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng Garuda kh\u00f4ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t<\/span>, b\u00e8n t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0<\/span> bi\u1ec7n b\u1ea1ch<\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> b\u00e8n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cNg\u01b0\u01a1i \u0103n th\u1ecbt<\/span> r\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p s\u00e1t sinh<\/span>, ki\u1ebfp sau<\/span> s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u01a1i bi\u1ebft quy y Tam b\u1ea3o<\/span>, tr\u00ec th\u1ee7 ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span>, ta s\u1ebd c\u0103n d\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> Tam b\u1ea3o<\/span> h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y cho ng\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa c\u01a1m chay<\/span> trong khi c\u00fang Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0103n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y no. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> t\u00ecm r\u1ed3ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt<\/span> n\u1eefa!\u201d. Garuda nghe l\u1eddi<\/span>, b\u00e8n quy y Tam b\u1ea3o<\/span>, ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span>, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1ea7n h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Trong M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng<\/span>, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u1ea7n t\u00e0i<\/span> Garuda ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> xua \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a gi\u00f3 m\u01b0a, tr\u00e1nh s\u1ea5m s\u00e9t<\/span>, th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, theo nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p trong gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> Garuda, tu tr\u00ec<\/span> ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1u v\u1eadt long cung<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0a cam l\u1ed3<\/span>, n\u1ea1p t\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o, c\u1ea7u m\u01b0a<\/span>, g\u1ecdi r\u1ed3ng, h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c<\/span> r\u1eafn r\u1ebft, xua \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt… Cho n\u00ean, Garuda \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n t\u00e0i<\/span> \u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m trong M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>(13)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00edn ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u1ec1 Garuda kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb Hindu, v\u1ec1 sau h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i<\/span> Hindu v\u1ec1 Garuda-Naga th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 h\u1eb1n<\/span> dai d\u1eb3ng<\/span> hay \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0ng cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i<\/span> lu\u00f4n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u sai tr\u00e1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 Garuda ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1<\/span> Naga. C\u00f2n trong Ph\u1eadt tho\u1ea1i, Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn v\u1ecb tha<\/span> h\u01a1n, x\u00f3a b\u1ecf<\/span> m\u1ecdi h\u1eadn th\u00f9<\/span>. V\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh Garuda c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho t\u00e0ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. Do c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u ri\u00eang, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u00edch<\/span> h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00edn ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 v\u00e0o Garuda n\u00ean m\u1ed7i c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u1edf t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c n\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong c\u00e1ch. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn<\/span> n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp kh\u00e1c.\u00a0<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Hu\u1ef3nh Thanh B\u00ecnh<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

___________________<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/b><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/sup>(1)<\/sup> <\/i>Mahabharata,<\/i> cu\u1ed1n I: Adi Parva<\/i>, ph\u1ea7n 23.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(2)<\/sup> <\/i>Mahabharata, cu\u1ed1n V: Udyoga Parva, <\/i>ph\u1ea7n 101.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(3)<\/sup> <\/i>Xem:<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

– Mahabharata, <\/i>cu\u1ed1n VIII: Karna Parva,<\/i> ph\u1ea7n 77.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

– <\/i>Mahabharata<\/i>, cu\u1ed1n VIII: Karna Parva<\/i>, ph\u1ea7n 59.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

– <\/i>Mahabharata,<\/i> cu\u1ed1n I: Adi Parva, <\/i>ph\u1ea7n 140.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(4)<\/sup> <\/i>Mahabharata<\/i>, cu\u1ed1n VIII: Karna Parva, <\/i>ph\u1ea7n 85.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(5)<\/sup> <\/i>Mahabharata<\/i>, cu\u1ed1n VII: Drona Parva<\/i>, ph\u1ea7n 20.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(6)<\/sup> <\/i>Mahabharata<\/i>, cu\u1ed1n VIII: Karna Parva<\/i>, ph\u1ea7n 94.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(7)<\/sup> T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> Hu\u1ec7 Quang<\/span><\/i>, t\u1eadp 2, tu vi\u1ec7n<\/span> Hu\u1ec7 Quang<\/span>, 1995<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(8) (9)<\/sup> Theo Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/i>, \u0110o\u00e0n Trung C\u00f2n, Nxb. T\u1ed5ng H\u1ee3p TP.HCM, 2011.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(10)<\/sup> Theo To\u00e0n t\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i<\/span> th\u00edch c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 \u1ea5n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/i>, Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u1ec7 Ch\u00e2n bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch<\/span>, Nxb.T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, 2008.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(11)\u00a0<\/sup>Xem: – Shincho encyclopedia of world art,<\/i> Shinchosha, 1985.<\/span><\/p>\n

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– <\/i>Hindu gods and goddesses in Japan, <\/i>Saroj Kumar Chaudhuri, tr.151.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

– <\/i>Japanese dictionary;<\/i> Shinmura, Izuru; Iwanami; 1976; t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 2.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

– <\/i>Art research foundation<\/i>; Murano, Takao; Tetsur\u00f4 K\u00f4no (d\u1ecbch), 1997.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(12)<\/sup>\u00a0Theo The handbook of Tibetan Buddhist symbols,<\/i> Robert Beer, Serindia xb, 2003, t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n 2011.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span> <\/p>\n

(13)<\/sup>\u00a0Theo <\/i>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u1edd th\u1ea7n t\u00e0i<\/span> M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng<\/span><\/i>, \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> Th\u00edch Minh T\u00f4ng, Nxb. T\u00f4n Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n

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[ad_1] Garuda\u00a0trong t\u00edn ni\u1ec7m Hindu Trong Hindu gi\u00e1o, Garuda l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n Vishnu. Garuda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7179,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-7178","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7178"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7178\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7178"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=7178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}