{"id":7187,"date":"2020-12-02T06:02:02","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T23:02:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/02\/gioi-thieu-tom-tat-ve-bo-trung-quan\/"},"modified":"2020-12-02T06:02:02","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T23:02:02","slug":"gioi-thieu-tom-tat-ve-bo-trung-quan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/02\/gioi-thieu-tom-tat-ve-bo-trung-quan\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi Thi\u1ec7u T\u00f3m T\u1eaft V\u1ec1 B\u1ed9 Trung Qu\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> v\u1ec1 <\/b>B\u1ed9 Trung Qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/b>
trong T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span> <\/b>theo \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u00e2n tu<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span>
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Nh\u00e2n b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ef3nh Ng\u1ecdc Chi\u1ebfn<\/i> vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u201cTrung qu\u00e1n t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u00e2m linh\u201d<\/i><\/b>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> v\u1ec1 B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> trong T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span> theo \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u00e2n tu (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT), g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u00f3p th\u00eam t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00f4ng Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span>. <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> l\u00e0 1 trong 5 <\/i>b\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span> theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT. N\u0103m b\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span> g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

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1. B\u1ed9 Th\u00edch kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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2. B\u1ed9 A-T\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m<\/span><\/address>\n

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3. B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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4. B\u1ed9 Du gi\u00e0<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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5. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp.<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eef b\u1ed9 <\/i>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u01a1i T\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> (ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m 9 b\u1ed9,<\/i> ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>) v\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span> (ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m 5 b\u1ed9),<\/i> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo<\/span> n\u1ed9i dung th\u00ec g\u1ed3m 3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

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* Lo\u1ea1i 1:<\/i><\/b> B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> ch\u00ednh, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/i> c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> bi\u1ec7t h\u00e0nh<\/span>, li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span>, c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ea1ng. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm \u0111a s\u1ed1<\/span>: B\u1ed9 A-h\u00e0m, B\u1ed9 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span>, B\u1ed9 Hoa nghi\u00eam<\/span>, B\u1ed9 B\u1ea3o t\u00edch<\/span>, B\u1ed9 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1eadp <\/i>(T\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span>), B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span>, B\u1ed9 Du-gi\u00e0<\/i> (T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

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* Lo\u1ea1i 2:<\/i><\/b> B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn, c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung quy v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>.<\/i> \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9: B\u1ed9 B\u1ea3n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/i> (t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span>), B\u1ed9 Th\u00edch kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span>, B\u1ed9 A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m<\/i> (T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span>). B\u1ed9<\/i> B\u1ea3n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/i> l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c kinh d\u00e0i, ng\u1eafn, v\u1eeba, c\u00f3 chung ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, Ph\u00e1p c\u00fa<\/span> v.v\u2026 B\u1ed9 Th\u00edch kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> <\/i>l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn,\u2026 c\u00f3 chung ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 kinh (t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> do c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span>, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa vi\u1ebft th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u1edf ph\u1ea7n s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i). B\u1ed9 A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m<\/i> th\u00ec t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn v\u1eeba thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea3ng A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i Thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u1eefu b\u1ed9<\/span>, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn do Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef (d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch m\u1edbi). Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma l\u1ee5c t\u00fac<\/i>, lu\u1eadn A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed<\/i>, lu\u1eadn A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3-b\u00e0-sa<\/i>, lu\u1eadn A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma c\u00e2u-x\u00e1<\/i>\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

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* Lo\u1ea1i 3:<\/i> <\/b>C\u00e1c kinh, lu\u1eadn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean th\u00ec s\u1eafp v\u00e0o B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> t\u1eadp<\/i> (T\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span>), B\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp<\/i> (T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i 1. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> xin d\u1ef1a theo ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh<\/i> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span> <\/i>l\u00e0 Trung<\/i> lu\u1eadn<\/i> (M\u0101dhyamaka – S\u0101stra) ho\u1eb7c Lu\u1eadn Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i>, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span>, Lu\u1eadn B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0ng.<\/i> T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> (N\u0101 g\u0101rjuna, Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II – III TL), ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> B\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> kinh, lu\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> B\u1eafc truy\u1ec1n. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo th\u1ec3 k\u1ec7,<\/i> g\u1ed3m 27<\/i> ph\u1ea9m, 446<\/i> k\u1ec7. B\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> g\u1ed3m 446 k\u1ec7, m\u1ed7i k\u1ec7 g\u1ed3m 4<\/i> c\u00e2u – 5<\/i> ch\u1eef, v\u1edbi 27<\/i> ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 1: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> (16 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 2: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ee9 lai (25 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 3: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 s\u00e1u t\u00ecnh (s\u00e1u c\u0103n – 8 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 4: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 n\u0103m \u1ea5m<\/span> (n\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span> – 9 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 5: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 s\u00e1u ch\u1ee7ng (8 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 6: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec5m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m (10 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 7: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> (35 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 8: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c – T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> (12 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 9: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n tr\u1ee5 (12 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 10: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y (16 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 11: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n t\u1ebf<\/span> (8 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 12: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed5 (10 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 13: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh (9 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 14: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p (8 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 15: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 c\u00f3 – kh\u00f4ng (11 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 16: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 bu\u1ed9c – m\u1edf (10 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 17: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p (33 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 18: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p (12 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 19: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi (6 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 20: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> (24 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 21: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh – ho\u1ea1i (20 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 22: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 Nh\u01b0 lai<\/span> (16 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 23: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o<\/span> (24 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 24: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebf (40 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 25: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n (24 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 26: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> (9 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 27: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> (31 k\u1ec7)<\/span><\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 n\u01a1i T\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span>, B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 kinh Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span><\/i> c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t<\/span>, th\u00ec n\u01a1i T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span>, B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> c\u0169ng v\u1eady, t\u1ee9c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trang \u00edt nh\u1ea5t<\/span>. Kinh Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span><\/i>, theo b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n 60<\/i> trang H\u00e1n t\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span><\/i> ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n 385<\/i> trang, t\u1ee9c non \u00bd t\u1eadp 9<\/i> \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT. Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft theo th\u1ec3 k\u1ec7<\/i> n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng \u00edt. B\u1ea3n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/span> Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Ch\u00ed<\/span> Thanh M\u1ee5c<\/span> – l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t – ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n 38<\/i> trang H\u00e1n t\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn 280<\/i> trang, t\u1ee9c non 1\/3 t\u1eadp 30<\/i> \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, trong khi B\u1ed9 A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m<\/i> ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n 3.500<\/i> trang. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00ec n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u00f9ng ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kinh Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span>)<\/i>(1)<\/sup> l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> n\u00eau l\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> h\u00e0m s\u00fac<\/span>, h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng, n\u00ean t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span>. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kinh Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kinh c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span>)<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp ri\u00eang B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> xin n\u00eau d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> trong Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>:<\/span><\/p>\n

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K\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 1, th\u1ee9 2, n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 1: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u1ea5t sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t d\u1ecb<\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t lai<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/address>\n

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N\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> th\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Thi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7t ch\u01b0 h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Ng\u00e3 kh\u1ec3 th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> trung \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t. <\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 1C)<\/span><\/address>\n

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(Ch\u1eb3ng sinh c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i<\/span><\/address>\n

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N\u00f3i ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u1ea5y<\/span><\/address>\n

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Kh\u00e9o tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1eadc thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t). <\/span><\/address>\n

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K\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 9 n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 13 – Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh:<\/span><\/address>\n

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\u0110\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh<\/span> thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Vi ly ch\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ed1<\/span><\/address>\n

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Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c ki\u1ebfn h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt s\u1eed<\/span> b\u1ea5t h\u00f3a.<\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 18C)<\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00eca c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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N\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9). <\/span><\/address>\n

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K\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 10 n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 16 – Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 bu\u1ed9c m\u1edf:<\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t ly \u01b0 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> <\/span><\/address>\n

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Nhi bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n<\/span><\/address>\n

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Th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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V\u00e2n h\u00e0<\/span> h\u1eefu ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 21B)<\/span><\/address>\n

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(Kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca n\u01a1i sinh<\/span> t\u1eed<\/span><\/address>\n

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M\u00e0 c\u00f3 ri\u00eang Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ngh\u0129a th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/address>\n

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L\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t?). <\/span><\/address>\n

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2 k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 6 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 7 n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 18: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c thuy\u1ebft ng\u00e3<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ho\u1eb7c thuy\u1ebft \u01b0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> trung<\/span><\/address>\n

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V\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00f4 phi<\/span> ng\u00e3.<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/address>\n

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T\u00e2m h\u00e0nh<\/span> ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/address>\n

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V\u00f4 sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7c v\u00f4 di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/address>\n

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T\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 24A)<\/span><\/address>\n

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(Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i ng\u00e3<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Trong th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/address>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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Th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/address>\n

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T\u00e2m h\u00e0nh<\/span> ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> d\u1ee9t<\/span><\/address>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/address>\n

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T\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n). <\/span><\/address>\n

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2 k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 18, th\u1ee9 19 n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 24: Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebf<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u00fang nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> <\/span><\/address>\n

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Ng\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb v\u00f4<\/span><\/address>\n

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Di\u1ec7c vi th\u1ecb gi\u1ea3<\/span> danh<\/span><\/address>\n

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Di\u1ec7c th\u1ecb Trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/address>\n

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V\u1ecb t\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu<\/span> nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh<\/span><\/address>\n

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Th\u1ecb c\u1ed1<\/span> nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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V\u00f4 b\u1ea5t<\/span> th\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3.<\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 33B)<\/span><\/address>\n

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(Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p <\/span><\/address>\n

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T\u00f4i n\u00f3i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/address>\n

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C\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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C\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a Trung<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/address>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh<\/span><\/address>\n

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V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u00fang th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng).<\/span><\/address>\n

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Nguy\u1ec5n Lang,<\/i> trong Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> s\u1eed lu\u1eadn I<\/i>, ph\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Tu\u1ec7 Trung Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u0129<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ec1 B\u00e1t b\u1ea5t Trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/i> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cLong Th\u1ecd (N\u0101g\u0101rjuna) \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span>, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i, nh\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111a nguy\u00ean<\/span> (Trung qu\u00e1n lu\u1eadn<\/span>). \u00d4ng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> kia ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> – \u0111em ra ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 sinh v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t: Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng<\/span> m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111ang c\u00f3 m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh\u2026 Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u00ecn qua nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span>, trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan h\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec7u vi m\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft x\u00e9n b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> b\u1ea5t sinh b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t<\/span> b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111a nguy\u00ean<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3\u2026\u201d (Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> s\u1eed lu\u1eadn I<\/i>, b\u1ea3n in 1992, trang 321-322).<\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u1ed1n b\u1ea3n Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> n\u01a1i B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn th\u00edch mang s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7u 1564, 1565, 1566, 1567<\/i>, thu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp 30<\/i> \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT.<\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u1ea3n 1:<\/i> <\/b>Mang t\u00ean Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>. Ph\u1ea1m Ch\u00ed<\/span> Thanh M\u1ee5c<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> (344-413) d\u1ecbch H\u00e1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi H\u1eadu T\u1ea7n (384-417), g\u1ed3m 4<\/i> quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> T\u0103ng Du\u1ec7<\/span> vi\u1ebft t\u1ef1a, c\u00f3 ghi r\u00f5 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ec7 n\u01a1i m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea9m. (No<\/sup><\/u> 1564. \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 1-39B).<\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u1ea3n 2:<\/i><\/b> Mang t\u00ean l\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn trung lu\u1eadn<\/span> ngh\u0129a<\/i>\u2026 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> C\u00f9 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 L\u01b0u Chi<\/span> (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 V \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VI TL) d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y (339-534), g\u1ed3m 2 quy\u1ec3n. (No<\/sup><\/u> 1565, \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 39C-50B).<\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u1ea3n 3:<\/i><\/b> Mang t\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng lu\u1eadn th\u00edch<\/i>. Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> Minh (Thanh Bi\u1ec7n<\/span>) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> Ba-la-ph\u1ea3-m\u1eadt-\u0111a-la<\/i> (565-633), d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (618-906), g\u1ed3m 15 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> Tu\u1ec7 Tr\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft t\u1ef1a (No<\/sup><\/u> 1566, \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 50C-135).<\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u1ea3n 4:<\/i><\/b> Mang t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba Trung qu\u00e1n th\u00edch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>. Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> An Tu\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> Duy T\u1ecbnh<\/span> (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI TL) d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi Tri\u1ec7u T\u1ed1ng (960-1276), g\u1ed3m 9 quy\u1ec3n (No<\/sup><\/u> 1567, \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT t\u1eadp 30, trang 136-158). <\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u1ea3n 1<\/i> l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch theo b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y(2)<\/sup>. N\u01a1i l\u1eddi t\u1ef1a,<\/i> \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> T\u0103ng Du\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> th\u00e2u t\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00eau b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span>: \u201cD\u00f9ng Trung<\/i> l\u00e0m t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m soi chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 n\u1ebbo th\u1eadt. D\u00f9ng Lu\u1eadn<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00eau l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ch\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t n\u01a1i ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb<\/span>. N\u1ebbo th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u00ean g\u1ecdi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ng\u1ed9, n\u00ean nh\u1edd n\u01a1i Trung<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft<\/span>. Ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i<\/span> th\u00edch th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng n\u00ean m\u01b0\u1ee3n Lu\u1eadn<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf\u2026\u201d (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT t\u1eadp 30, No<\/sup><\/u> 1564 trang 1A). Theo nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> h\u1ecdc c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00ec Ph\u1ea1m Ch\u00ed<\/span> Thanh M\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7t danh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span> (Deva, th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 III TL), t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> B\u00e1ch Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fang, v\u00ec n\u01a1i b\u1ea3n 1 n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. T\u1ee9c B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u01a1i g\u1ee3i, nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, tranh bi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong khi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> kia, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> l\u00e0 2 b\u1ea3n 3,4 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00e1c. <\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u1ea3n 2:<\/i> T\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0: Thu\u1eadn Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span> ngh\u0129a nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3-ba-la-m\u1eadt kinh s\u01a1 ph\u1ea9m ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span><\/i> (Thu\u1eadn theo<\/span> ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span>, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kinh \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3-ba-la-m\u1eadt<\/i>). V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> nh\u01b0 3 b\u1ea3n kia. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1eeb<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt Quang<\/span><\/i> (trang1034B – 1035A) ph\u1ea7n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u00fd khi kh\u00f4ng xem Thu\u1eadn Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span> ngh\u0129a<\/i>\u2026 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i \u201cch\u00fa th\u00edch Trung lu\u1eadn\u201d, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i: \u201cNgo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Thu\u1eadn Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span> ngh\u0129a\u2026 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Thu\u1eadn Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span> ngh\u0129a<\/i>\u2026 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau d\u1eabn 2 k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u(3)<\/sup> n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 1 c\u1ee7a Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u01a1i ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kinh \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3<\/i>, theo \u0111\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n. \u0110o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> c\u00f3 d\u1eabn th\u00eam v\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u1eefa (thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 2 v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 4 c\u1ee7a Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span>) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> nh\u1eb1m bi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao th\u00ec B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/span> \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/span> \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span>. Do \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eafp Thu\u1eadn Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span> ngh\u0129a<\/i>\u2026 v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Hai b\u1ea3n 3,4 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n. B\u1ea3n 3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 trang nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t (h\u01a1n 84 trang, b\u1ea3n 1: h\u01a1n 38 trang), nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng<\/span> r\u00f5, kh\u00f3 l\u00e3nh h\u1ed9i<\/span>. B\u1ea3n 4 g\u1ed3m 9 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> h\u1ebft ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 13 (Ph\u1ea9m Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh. \u0110T\u0110 Ph\u1eadt Quang<\/span><\/i> (trang 1.035A) ph\u1ea7n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba Trung qu\u00e1n th\u00edch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> An Tu\u1ec7<\/span>, <\/i>H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> Duy T\u1ecbnh<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 ghi: g\u1ed3m 18 quy\u1ec3n. R\u1ed3i n\u01a1i trang 2.406B Th\u00edch lu\u1eadn<\/span>: 9 quy\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 18 quy\u1ec3n, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ee7 27 ph\u1ea9m n\u01a1i Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, hay ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 9 quy\u1ec3n, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> 13 ph\u1ea9m:<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea7n lu\u1eadn li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea7n lu\u1eadn li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> (Lu\u1eadn Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb<\/span> m\u00f4n, 4 lu\u1eadn ng\u1eafn), c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span> (B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span>, B\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn<\/span>, Qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span>, Lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span>), v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> Thanh Bi\u1ec7n<\/span> <\/i>(Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00e2n).<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a01- T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>:<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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* Lu\u1eadn Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb<\/span> m\u00f4n<\/i> (Dv\u0101dasamukha – s\u0101stra): H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi H\u1eadu T\u1ea7n (384-417), 1 quy\u1ec3n (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, No<\/sup><\/u> 1.568, trang 159-167C). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> \u201cD\u00f9ng 12 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp n\u01a1i ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u1ed1n lu\u1eadn ng\u1eafn:<\/i> \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn: lu\u1eadn Nh\u1ea5t-th\u00e2u-l\u01b0-ca, <\/i>lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> ph\u00e1 h\u1eefu<\/span>, <\/i>lu\u1eadn L\u1ee5c th\u1eadp<\/span> t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00fd, <\/i>lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba nh\u1ecb th\u1eadp t\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/i> (No<\/sup><\/u> 1573, 1574, 1575, 1576. \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 253-256C). Lu\u1eadn No<\/sup><\/u> 1573 do \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> C\u00f9 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 L\u01b0u Chi<\/span> d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y (339-534). 3 lu\u1eadn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i do \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> Thi H\u1ed9<\/span> (H\u1eadu b\u00e1n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 10 – \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI TL) d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi Tri\u1ec7u T\u1ed1ng (960-1276). C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn B\u00e1t b\u1ea5t trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> <\/i>c\u1ee7a Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>(4)<\/sup>. <\/span><\/p>\n

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2- T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span>:<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> (Sat\u0101s\u0101stra): Khai s\u0129<\/span> B\u00e0 T\u1ea9u<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> d\u1ecbch H\u00e1n, 2 quy\u1ec3n (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, No<\/sup><\/u> 1569, t\u1eadp 30, trang 167C-182A). Theo \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> T\u0103ng Tri\u1ec7u<\/span>, n\u01a1i L\u1eddi t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch, th\u00ec B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> c\u00f3 20 ph\u1ea9m, m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 5 k\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch ch\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch 10 ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, 10 ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n sau ch\u01b0a d\u1ecbch. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, b\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a Khai s\u0129<\/span> B\u00e0 T\u1ea9u<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 n\u00eau 10 ph\u1ea9m (ph\u1ea9m 1-10) nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00eau d\u1eabn k\u1ec7, ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng l\u1ed1i h\u1ecfi – \u0111\u00e1p (ngo\u1ea1i n\u00eau – n\u1ed9i n\u00f3i) \u0111\u1ec3 tranh bi\u1ec7n<\/span>, qu\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n, nh\u1eb1m b\u00e1c b\u1ecf<\/span> nh\u1eefng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

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* B\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn<\/span>:<\/i> No<\/sup><\/u> 1572, 1 quy\u1ec3n, H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 L\u01b0u Chi<\/span> (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VI TL), d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi H\u1eadu Ng\u1ee5y (339-534), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 250B-252).<\/span><\/p>\n

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* Qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/i>: No<\/sup><\/u>1570, 1 quy\u1ec3n, 200 k\u1ec7 (4 c\u00e2u 5 ch\u1eef), H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng (602-664), d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (618-906). B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> T\u1ee9 b\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> (Catuhsataka, g\u1ed3m 16 ph\u1ea9m, 400 k\u1ec7), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khai tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef. Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> ch\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch n\u1eeda sau c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn g\u1ed3m 8 ph\u1ea9m, 200 k\u1ec7 (4 c\u00e2u 5 ch\u1eef), l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/i> (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, No1570, trang 182A-186).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/i> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef: \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn th\u00edch lu\u1eadn<\/span> <\/i>(No<\/sup><\/u> 1571, 10 quy\u1ec3n. \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 187-250B).<\/span><\/p>\n

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* Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span>:<\/i> No<\/sup><\/u> 1577, 2 quy\u1ec3n, H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e1i<\/span> (h\u1eadu b\u00e1n th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 IV – \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 V TL), d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi B\u1eafc L\u01b0\u01a1ng (397-439) (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 256C – 268A). \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT ghi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span> <\/i>l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1-b\u00e0-la. \u0110T\u0110 Ph\u1eadt Quang<\/span><\/i> (trang 1198A – B), m\u1ee5c Ng\u0169 lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span><\/i> \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span>: L\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu\u2026<\/i> Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1-b\u00e0-la v\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span><\/i> g\u1ed3m 29 ph\u1ea9m ng\u1eafn. Hai ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 k\u1ec7, c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 v\u0103n xu\u00f4i<\/span>. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh h\u00f3a<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span> nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh th\u1ec3, h\u00e0nh x\u1ea3<\/span>, ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m<\/span> b\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0y t\u00e2m bi<\/span> v.v\u2026 \u0110\u00e1ng l\u1ebd<\/span> n\u00ean s\u1eafp v\u00e0o B\u1ed9 Du-gi\u00e0, thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadn du-gi\u00e0<\/i>, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span> n\u00ean s\u1eafp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y. <\/span><\/p>\n

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3- T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> Thanh Bi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

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* Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00e2n<\/i>: No<\/sup><\/u>1578, 2 quy\u1ec3n, H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng (602-664), d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 30, trang 268A-278B). N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u201cd\u00f9ng lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n minh<\/span>, lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> H\u1eefu t\u00f4ng<\/span>, nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> th\u1eadt ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4ng<\/span>, ra s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 xa l\u00eca<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> 8 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, 6 ba-la-m\u1eadt(5)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tam lu\u1eadn t\u00f4ng<\/span><\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 13 t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa. T\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean nh\u01b0: Kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4ng<\/span>, V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00f4ng<\/span>, Trung qu\u00e1n t\u00f4ng<\/span>, Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> t\u00f4ng, \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0 t\u00f4ng<\/span>, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span> t\u00f4ng\u2026<\/i> Tam lu\u1eadn t\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng \u1edf Trung Hoa t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V TL, sau khi Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> (344-413) d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span>, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb m\u00f4n lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span>. Tam lu\u1eadn t\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u00f9ng 3 b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span>, tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> Kh\u00f4ng, V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, B\u00e1t b\u1ea5t trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. M\u00f4n h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> T\u0103ng Tri\u1ec7u<\/span>, T\u0103ng Du\u1ec7<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1o Sinh<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1o Dung<\/span>, \u0110\u00e0m \u1ea2nh\u2026 ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> thu\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ed1c s\u1ee9c ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4ng m\u00f4n<\/span>, sau \u0111\u1ea5y th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> \u0110\u00e0m T\u1ebf<\/span> (411-475). V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 6 TL, Tam lu\u1eadn t\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> T\u0103ng L\u00e3ng<\/span> (th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VI TL) xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u01a1 t\u1ed5<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> T\u00e2n tam lu\u1eadn t\u00f4ng<\/span>. N\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec c\u00f3 T\u0103ng Thuy\u00ean<\/span> (Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 VI TL), Ph\u00e1p L\u00e3ng<\/span> (507-581), v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> (549-623). C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span>: Tam lu\u1eadn huy\u1ec1n ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/i>, 1 quy\u1ec3n; \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba huy\u1ec1n lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, 5 quy\u1ec3n; Nh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> ngh\u0129a<\/i>, 3 quy\u1ec3n (\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 45, No<\/sup><\/u> 1852\/1, 1852\/5, 1853\/3). \u00d4ng s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kinh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i 3 b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn: Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> (Trung Qu\u00e1n lu\u1eadn s\u1edb<\/span>, 20 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 42, No<\/sup><\/u> 1824), Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb m\u00f4n lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> (Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb m\u00f4n lu\u1eadn s\u1edb<\/span>, 6 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 42, No<\/sup><\/u> 1825), v\u00e0 B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> (B\u00e1ch lu\u1eadn s\u1edb<\/span>, 9 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, t\u1eadp 42, No 1827)(6)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> v\u1ec1 B\u1ed9 Trung qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 Trung qu\u00e1n t\u00f4ng<\/span><\/i>. M\u1ea5y b\u1ed9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a T\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadn<\/span> nh\u01b0 B\u1ed9 A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m, B\u1ed9 Du-gi\u00e0 c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00a0Ch\u00fa th\u00edch<\/b><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

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(1) <\/sup>V\u1ec1 kinh Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span><\/i>, c\u1ee9 xem c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> \u1ea5y do c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> Trung Hoa vi\u1ebft (Ph\u00e1p V\u00e2n<\/span>, Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i<\/span>, C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, Tr\u1ea1m Nhi\u00ean<\/span>, Qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ec9nh<\/span>, Khuy C\u01a1\u2026), nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Thai<\/span> t\u00f4ng\u2026 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> \u1ea5y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(2) <\/sup>C\u00f3 v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Ch\u00ed<\/span> Thanh M\u1ee5c<\/span>; c\u00f3 v\u1ecb d\u1ecbch h\u1ebft ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c k\u1ec7 th\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra v\u0103n xu\u00f4i<\/span>. Theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> n\u00ean d\u1ecbch h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec7 n\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch theo th\u1ec3 k\u1ec7 (4 c\u00e2u – 5 ch\u1eef), v\u00ec c\u00e1c k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, m\u00e0 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec7 v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span> ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(3) <\/sup>K\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u01a1i Trung lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> C\u00f9 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 L\u01b0u Chi<\/span> (trong Thu\u1eadn trung lu\u1eadn<\/span> ngh\u0129a<\/i>…) \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch H\u00e1n:<\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t sinh<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t d\u1ecb ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t lai<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t kh\u1ee9.<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ph\u1eadt d\u0129 thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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\u0110o\u1ea1n ch\u01b0 h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/address>\n

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C\u1ed1 ng\u00e3 kh\u1ec3 th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u1ec5<\/span><\/address>\n

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Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> s\u01b0 trung th\u1eafng.<\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110TK\/DDCTT, T30, tr.39C)<\/span><\/address>\n

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(Ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng sinh<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ngh\u0129a ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i.<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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N\u00ean con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ec5<\/span><\/address>\n

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S\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> h\u01a1n h\u1ebft).<\/span><\/address>\n

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Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> trong B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng lu\u1eadn th\u00edch, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> Ba-la-ph\u1ea3-m\u1eadt-\u0111a-la \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch H\u00e1n:<\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t sinh<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/address>\n

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Phi nh\u1ea5t phi ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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B\u1ea5t lai<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t kh\u1ee9<\/span><\/address>\n

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Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> t\u1ee9a<\/span><\/address>\n

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Thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7t c\u1ed1<\/span><\/address>\n

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L\u1ec5 b\u1ec9 B\u00e0-gi\u00e0-b\u00e0<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> trung t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/address>\n

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(\u0110TK\/\u0110CTT, T30, tr.51C)<\/span><\/address>\n

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(Ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng sinh<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/address>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4<\/span> s\u1ed1<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i.<\/span><\/address>\n

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Duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> d\u1ee9t<\/span><\/address>\n

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Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e9o di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span><\/span><\/address>\n

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K\u00ednh l\u1ec5<\/span> B\u00e0-gi\u00e0-b\u00e0<\/span><\/address>\n

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T\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> trong c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft).<\/span><\/address>\n

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(4) <\/sup>Xem th\u00eam b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0o Nguy\u00ean: Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> ch\u00f9m lu\u1eadn ng\u1eafn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Long Th\u1ecd<\/span><\/i>, Nguy\u1ec7t san Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span> s\u1ed1 124 th\u00e1ng 7-2006.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(5) <\/sup>Ghi nh\u1eadn<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a theo \u0110T\u0110 Ph\u1eadt Quang<\/span><\/i> (tr.4957A) v\u00ec th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00e2n<\/i> r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc (tr\u1eeb \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> cu\u1ed1i) d\u00f9 H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng. N\u01a1i \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u00f9ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u Ba-la-m\u1eadt, t\u00e1m Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>… Nh\u01b0ng trong to\u00e0n lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y? L\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau, B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng lu\u1eadn th\u00edch<\/i>, No<\/sup><\/u>1566, 15 quy\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> Thanh Bi\u1ec7n<\/span> (Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> Minh) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(6) <\/sup>Xem th\u00eam: Tinh hoa<\/span> tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> <\/i>c\u1ee7a Junjino Takakusu, Tu\u1ec7 S\u1ef9 Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch, NXB.Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng 2008, tr.147-163.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e0o Nguy\u00ean<\/span><\/address>\n<\/div>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n : Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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