{"id":7211,"date":"2020-12-02T06:06:39","date_gmt":"2020-12-01T23:06:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/02\/phat-giao-va-hoa-binh-the-gioi\/"},"modified":"2020-12-02T06:06:39","modified_gmt":"2020-12-01T23:06:39","slug":"phat-giao-va-hoa-binh-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/02\/phat-giao-va-hoa-binh-the-gioi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Ph<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b>\u1ead<\/b>t Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh Th<\/b>\u1ebf<\/b> Gi<\/b>\u1edb<\/b><\/span><\/span>i<\/span><\/span>
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Johan Galtung<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ed7 Kim Th\u00eam d\u1ecbch
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\"phat-thich-ca-10\"

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Ng<\/i>\u01b0\u1ee3<\/i>c l<\/i>\u1ea1<\/i>i, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang b\u1ecb kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr<\/i>\u1ecb <\/i>n\u00ean t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e1o tr<\/i>\u1ed9n<\/i> t\u00e2m linh<\/span> cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph<\/i>\u1ead<\/i>t gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> m\u1edbi \u0111<\/i>\u1ea7<\/i>y thu h\u00fat. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1eb7t m<\/i>\u1ed1<\/i>i t\u01b0\u01a1ng thu<\/i>\u1ed9c <\/i>c<\/i>\u1ee7<\/i>a con <\/i>ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, th\u00fa v\u1eadt<\/span>, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 cao t\u1ef1 do<\/span> c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> trong t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 n<\/i>\u1ed7<\/i>l\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay cho gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/span>, t\u1eeb bi<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi v\u1ecb k\u1ef7<\/span>, b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf cu<\/i>\u1ed3ng t\u00edn v\u1edbi <\/i>s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng khoan dung<\/span> nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3<\/i> kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u00e1<\/span> gi<\/i>\u1ea3i<\/i> xung \u0111<\/i>\u1ed9<\/i>t ch\u00ednh tr<\/i>\u1ecb<\/i>. D\u00f9 \u0111ang c\u00f3 nhi<\/i>\u1ec1<\/i>u n<\/i>\u1ed7<\/i>l<\/i>\u1ef1<\/i>c li\u00ean t\u00f4n \u0111<\/i>\u1ec3<\/i> ki<\/i>\u1ebf<\/i>n t<\/i>\u1ea1<\/i>o cho ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th<\/i>\u1ebf<\/i> gi<\/i>\u1edbi<\/i>, nh<\/i>\u01b0<\/i>ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i dung hi\u1ebfu ho\u00e0 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> kh\u1ea3 thi n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> Ph<\/i>\u1ead<\/i>t gi\u00e1o s<\/i>\u1ebd<\/i> l\u00e0 m<\/i>\u1ed9<\/i>t ti<\/i>\u1ec1<\/i>m n\u0103ng<\/i>to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 <\/i>\u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p thi<\/i>\u1ebf<\/i>t th<\/i>\u1ef1c cho ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh <\/i>n\u00e0y.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 “Buddhism and the World Peace”, \u0111\u0103ng trong “The Palgrave International Handbook of Peace Studies: A Cultural Perspective”, Wolfgang Dietrich, Josefina Echavarria Alvarez und Gustavo Esteva von Palgrave (2011), 278- 290.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Johan Galtung l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Hawaii v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean 30 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span> kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m \u0110\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Transcend v\u00e0 Peace Research Institute, Olso. V<\/i>\u1edbi<\/i> tr\u00ean 50 \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 1000 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0 Binh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i danh<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp<\/span> cho l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Peace Studies. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l<\/i>\u1edbn<\/i>n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1ecfng cao q\u00fay. T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> ch\u00ednh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> l\u00e0 “Buddhism: A Quest for Unity and Peace\u201d (1993). C\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u t\u1ef1a l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u00e0i li\u00ean quan<\/span>: Peter Harvey “Chi\u1ebfn Tranh v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh theo Quan \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o\u201d.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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D<\/b>\u1eab<\/b>n Nh<\/b>\u1ead<\/b>p L\u00fd Thuy<\/b>\u1ebf<\/b>t V<\/b>\u1ec1<\/b> Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ta t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa X v\u00e0 Y, m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u00fa v\u1ecb<\/span> l\u00e0 ta suy ngh\u0129<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 X, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u1ec1 Y, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> xem m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> hay xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/span>, ho\u00e0 \u00e1i hay b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan h\u1ec7 nhau. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1, v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. V\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> trong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/span> quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y hay c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/span> quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111ang g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng. Trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quy m\u00f4 h\u01a1n, c\u1ea3 hai l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh<\/span> m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n<\/span> n\u1eafm gi\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh<\/span> t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m: ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1<\/span> v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1m ch\u1ec9<\/span> cho \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd x\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft g\u00e2y cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhau. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebft t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> (th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span>, kh\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 li\u00ean minh) tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n. Khi t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span> hay t\u1ea1o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> theo khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span>. V\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> m\u1edbi nh\u00ecn qua c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/span>, s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1, khi m\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ed3ng minh ra s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng nhau. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> x\u00e3y ra gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> t\u1ed1i cao<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng. Phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn sai l\u1ea1c<\/span> v\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, ngay c\u1ea3 khi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tho\u1ea3 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi<\/span>. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn tho\u1ea3 \u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00fd do<\/span> nghi ng\u1edd<\/span> v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 – d\u00f9 chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p \u2013 C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng<\/span> tho\u1ea3 \u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n che<\/span> \u0111\u1eady, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t tho\u1ea3 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 v\u0169 trang?<\/span><\/p>\n

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Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n n\u00e0y t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1c ho\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span>. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 ra<\/span> m\u1ed9t \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u1ea7n \u0111em v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh ra \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span>, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span>: thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. Trong b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> v\u1eeba k\u1ec3, c\u00f3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu cho ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh: d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t (gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/span>) v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh (gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u1eefng li\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi<\/span> s\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 sinh th\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng phong ph\u00fa<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/span>, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t huy nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhau. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111a nguy\u00ean<\/span>, t\u1ea1o cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> thu h\u00fat h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhau trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>. Trong to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng chung ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> theo ngh\u0129a t\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n

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H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u1ea3 hai kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o<\/span> cho ri\u00eang x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ec9 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> nh\u01b0 X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i<\/span> ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ta nh\u00ecn ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nhau m\u00e0 ta m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh hay t\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c nhau trong m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/span>, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> nhau theo chi\u1ec1u ngang, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2<\/span> kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf hay b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u1eb3n trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu n\u00e0o l\u00e0 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> cho ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 nh\u1eadn ra<\/span>. Ngay c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, c\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1eabn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> chung v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/span> sinh th\u00e1i, m\u00e0 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n; nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac<\/span> mang la\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129<\/span> \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/span>, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/span> ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 theo v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00ec th\u1ebf ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> khi th\u1ea5y tha nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng ca ng\u1ee3i<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, \u00edt c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i<\/span>, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ed9ng sinh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3 T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n<\/span> h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean gi\u1ea3 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong hai ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd to\u00e0n th\u1eafng<\/span> trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> h\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00ec d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t c\u00e0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n<\/span> b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, khi m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng (v\u0169 kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng). H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u0169 trang, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng tin s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m<\/span> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u0169 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u0169 trang ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/span> khi d\u00f9ng ph\u00eda trung gian<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba hay th\u1ee9 t\u01b0.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, – n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn – \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 x\u1eed. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t, d\u00f9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7<\/span> n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean x\u00e3y ra, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cho chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u00f4ng cho ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng sinh qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> cho chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng chung hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/span><\/p>\n

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20 \u01afu \u0110i\u1ec3m<\/span> C\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trong Vi\u1ec7c G\u00f3p Ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebfn T\u1ea1o<\/span> H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i xin b\u01b0\u1edbc sang ph\u1ea7n hai l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Theo suy ngh\u0129<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> t\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi quan g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i th\u1eed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n: Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 20 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 6 \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu ng\u0103n tr\u1edf m\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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1.V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>, m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> ng\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span>. T\u00f4i xem quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed5i thay, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ea9n d\u1ee5<\/span>, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> t\u00e2m linh<\/span> \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y trong tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u1eadp th\u1ec3: \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e3m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, m\u1ed9t tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, khi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> t\u1ef1 k\u1ef7 coi m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span>, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span> theo nghi\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi<\/span> gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> th\u00e0nh nh\u1ea5t<\/span> th\u1ec3 cu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span>, tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i, qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span>, giai c\u1ea5p<\/span>, hay trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 trong c\u00f9ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi th\u00fa v\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i theo Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u00f4ng qua Chu\u00e1 Jesus \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, (nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i qua trung gian<\/span> c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i<\/span> n\u00e0o). Theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> cho t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> xu\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> (n\u1ebfu ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> l\u1ed1i \u201eh\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1\u201c chung nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) v\u1eeba tho\u00e1i b\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/span> qua th\u1eddi gian<\/span> theo nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1<\/span> t\u00e2m linh<\/span> c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span> trong th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 mang t\u00ednh n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u1edf trong tha nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00f3 \u1edf trong t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f9ng li\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed<\/span>, th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> d\u00f9 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai; t\u00f9y theo<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y hay \u0111ang g\u00e2y v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> cho tha nh\u00e2n<\/span>. Thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span> m\u1ecdi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span>, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u1ecdi ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, th\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ecd s\u1ee9c nhau trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh<\/span> s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> khi t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn Ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u00e0m t\u1ee5c<\/span> h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu khi th\u1ea5y Ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy y\u1ebfu<\/span>, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u1ec9 quen thu\u1ed9c<\/span> trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1eefu th\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> s\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi<\/span> m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, tha nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ecdi kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian<\/span>. Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, trong khi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, v\u1edbi tinh th\u00e2n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2.B<\/i>\u1ea5t B\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 th\u00fa v\u1eadt<\/span>, (\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0103n chay<\/span>). B\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u theo \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ecb k\u1ef7<\/span> hay v\u1ecb tha<\/span>. Hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 ra<\/span> r\u1eb1ng \u00edch k\u1ef7<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 t\u1ed1i \u0111a hoa l\u1ee3i<\/span> l\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb tha<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1i \u0111a ho\u00e1 l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edfng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu ph\u00ed t\u1ed5n. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>, b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n<\/span> tha nh\u00e2n<\/span> b\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n<\/span> tha nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n<\/span> ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong ti\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhau, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00f4i trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo Ghandi, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span>, tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f4ng, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/span> cho l\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trung gian<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai s\u00e1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kha\u00ed ni\u1ec7m ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 t\u1ef1<\/span> v\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. T\u1eeb Bi<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span>. Th\u1ef1c ra<\/span>, trong ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Sankrit b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung \u00edt ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u01a1n. L\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1eeb Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1eed, s\u00e1t sanh<\/span>, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span>, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m<\/span>, n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u). Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u chung v\u1edbi Ng\u0169 ph\u00e1p<\/span>, n\u0103m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span>. M\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m Ng\u0169 Ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 T\u1eeb Bi<\/span>, m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/span> l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3m. N\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i, ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span> b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee7ng lo\u00e0i b\u1ea5t c\u01b0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u. B\u1ed1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 ru\u1ee3u, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111am m\u00ea<\/span>, n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u0129nh th\u1ee9c – trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span> m\u1ecdi b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y quan tr\u1ecdng. Theo tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh theo ngh\u0129a ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Ng\u0169 ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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4. C\u1ed9ng Sinh. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> chung. Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> chung m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span>, m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> cu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> g\u1eafn b\u00f3<\/span> nhau trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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L\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129<\/span> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> cho ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. Ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i<\/span>, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0 an ninh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i<\/span>, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0 an ninh<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i<\/span> cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> hay t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00f9ng nhau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chung, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 nhau. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, lo\u1ea1i suy<\/span> ngh\u0129 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn l\u1ed1i t\u1edbi chuy\u1ec7n mua b\u00e1n<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u1ed1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c qua nh\u1eefng tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span>, thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> t\u1ed1i \u0111a ho\u00e1 l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang<\/span> m\u00ecnh trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n. K\u1ebf to\u00e1n qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> hi\u1ec3u theo ngh\u0129a th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0<\/span> hay th\u00e2m th\u1ee7ng m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c t\u00ednh theo \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n lu\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a<\/span>, khi ta kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf gian<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u1ecb k\u1ef7<\/span> trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 coi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 v\u0129nh c\u1eefu<\/span>. M\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ed9ng sinh v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 an ninh<\/span> chung (th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 U\u1ef7 ban Palme) nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> an ninh<\/span>. \u00dd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cho nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf<\/span> qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 L\u1ef1c L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Tr\u00ec<\/span> Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p<\/span> Qu\u1ed1c. Hi\u1ec7n nay, quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> an ninh<\/span> ri\u00eang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt<\/span> an ninh<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u1edbi v\u0169 kh\u00ed ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span>, trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129<\/span> t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> “an ninh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 an ninh<\/span> c\u1ee7a anh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i”, suy ngh\u0129<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi<\/span> m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> qu\u00e1 gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 lo v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

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5. D\u1ecb Bi\u1ec7t<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng bao dung<\/span>, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m<\/span> n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span> trong 84 ng\u00e0n ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span>. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> cho th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m<\/span> ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 to\u00e0 \u00e1n d\u1ecb gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh li\u00ean t\u00f4n. Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng bao dung<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c, t\u1ea1o cho t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m m\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ee9t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng chung v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> theo thuy\u1ebft \u0111a nguy\u00ean<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/span>, ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> b\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111a d\u1ea1ng; nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng sinh trong d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> suy ngh\u0129<\/span> kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> th\u00ec l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span>. N\u1ebfu l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh, th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> cao \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n trong tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c m\u01b0u t\u00ecm h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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6. L\u00fd Thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Thuy\u1ebft Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u hay qu\u00e1 \u00edt, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap cho Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/span>. Trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span>, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> m\u1ed9t khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng xa r\u1eddi m\u1ecdi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/span>, r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch gi\u00fap cho Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00edn<\/span> h\u1eefu Quakers tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft. Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi trung gian<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed<\/span> n\u00e0y h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> phi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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7. Th\u1ef1c H\u00e0nh<\/span> Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3m Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1eeba n\u00eau. Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 it khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u1ea3 m\u1ea3n cho nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y<\/span> qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eb1m sang gi\u00e0u<\/span>, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00ean tr\u00e1nh. Trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng t\u00e2m linh<\/span>, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh<\/span> h\u1ea1 l\u00e0m kh\u1ed5 m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 bung lung c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3<\/span>. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> cu\u1ea3 l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh, \u00edt quan t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> do b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t<\/span> hay th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafc, c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> kinh t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho tha nh\u00e2n<\/span> b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng trung dung<\/span>. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span>, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2<\/span> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. D\u00f9 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>: kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ee5 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5<\/span> qu\u00e1 \u00edt, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5<\/span> qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/span>. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau th\u1ee5<\/span> qu\u00e1 \u00edt, v\u00ec b\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> kh\u00e1c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u1eefa, theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111em l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/span> cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span> d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> trong m\u1ecdi trao \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> l\u00e0m cho nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> t\u1ed5n, v\u00ec d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ed9ng sinh. V\u00ec d\u1ef1a theo tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u00e1o m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n cho l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a cho tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span>, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> h\u01a1n v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n tranh lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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8. Hi<\/i>\u1ec7u N\u0103ng V\u1edbi Quy M\u00f4 Nh\u1ecf <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span>, c\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3 nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/span> c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf. Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o<\/span> Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span> nh\u01b0 Soka Gakkai, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh<\/span> r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9<\/span>, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u1ea5t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 quen bi\u1ebft<\/span>. N\u00f3i chung, l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> trong ph\u00e1i Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>, m\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o<\/span> Soka Gakkai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf trong b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> (thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>) d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u an ho\u00e0<\/span> h\u01a1n, v\u00ec trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i cho nhau nghe \u0111i\u1ec1u sai l\u1ea7m<\/span>, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span> chung h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a tranh ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edfng chung nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i l\u1ed9c<\/span> do h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> \u0111em l\u1ea1i. Trong nh\u1eefng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng<\/span>, gi\u1eef kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf<\/span>, kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

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N\u00f3i chung, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng quan t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/span> c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y \u00edt c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhau h\u01a1n c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do<\/span> kh\u00e1c th\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 \u00edt ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> sinh ra nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i<\/span>. Nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/span> cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t huy t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> cho nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh<\/span> – con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span>, m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> cho s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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9. T\u00ednh T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ec3 <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong suy ngh\u0129<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> theo b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> v\u1eeba k\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> nh\u1eadn ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1, nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/span>, gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh nh\u1ea5t<\/span> th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, trong b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u1eefa l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong tu t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u1ea5t trong hai ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch c\u1ea9m nang v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> cho ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. D\u00f9 trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia<\/span>. D\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/span> n\u00e0o trong nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: “\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i”.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> si\u00eau h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> cho m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u0129nh th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u xa<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Khi c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh<\/span>, th\u00ec tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u00e1o (n\u1ebfu g\u1ecdi t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do<\/span> h\u01a1n khi \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0y trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span>. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span>, t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> h\u1ecdc, y khoa v\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t, trong khi trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> h\u1ecdc, kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf<\/span> cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tr\u00ean theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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10. \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o<\/span> cho \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> cho gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u<\/span> hay quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf<\/span>. Th\u1ef1c v\u1eady, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u1ecfi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh giai c\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 th\u00edch nghi<\/span> v\u1edbi Th\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o<\/span> mang m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span> d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng<\/span>, xem nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam<\/span> v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span>. T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>, gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t l\u1ea5y Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span>, gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb sau n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfp thu<\/span> c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> T\u1ef1 do<\/span>, B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u00e1c X\u00edt.<\/span><\/p>\n

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T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y trong gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span> qu\u00e1 kh\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 M\u00e1c x\u00edt c\u1ef1c \u0111oan<\/span> t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> lan r\u1ed9ng trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang – c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> ch\u1ecbu nh\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 th\u00f4i th\u00fac<\/span> chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n<\/span> v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. L\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0m kim ch\u1ec9 nam, m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh li\u00ean h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a hai phi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/span> theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0n<\/span> suy y\u1ebfu<\/span>, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec qu\u00e1 tham nh\u0169ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> s\u1ef1 chinh ph\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> Nh\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng<\/span> l\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh<\/span> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t theo l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129<\/span> c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3<\/span> khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, t\u1ef1 kh\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh theo ni\u1ec1m tin<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn h\u1eefu Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span>, theo thuy\u1ebft T\u1ef1 Do<\/span> ho\u1eb7c theo thuy\u1ebft giai c\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u00e1c X\u00edt.<\/span><\/p>\n

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11. \u0110\u1ea5ng S\u00e1ng Th\u1ebf v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea5ng S\u00e1ng Th\u1ebf v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1o – m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span> trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 (v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>). T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u00f4ng hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> s\u1ef1 an ho\u00e0<\/span> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi<\/span> \u0110\u1ea5ng T\u1ed1i Cao<\/span>, xem \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u00e2n hu\u1ec7<\/span> do Ng\u00e0i ban ph\u00e1t. Khi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> cho l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n tr\u1edf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0: ‘N\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ea5ng S\u00e1ng th\u1ebf mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh an<\/span>, Ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd ban cho<\/span> s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh an’. Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u1ebf gian<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tao ra do c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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12. M\u1ed1i Quan H\u1ec7 G\u1eafn B\u00f3<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, \u00edt c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch th\u1ec3. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> quan s\u00e1t<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> quan s\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> n\u1eb1m trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quan h\u1ec7 bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111ang x\u00e3y ra khi ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00fang<\/span> ta. Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh trong ch\u00fang ta<\/span> trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span> nh\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1 ra<\/span> c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0: “Ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta?” Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 v\u0169 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span>, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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13. V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo t\u01b0 duy<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> trong v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span>. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span> t\u0103ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9, kh\u00f4ng lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee9ng ng\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 – nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng sinh. Khi c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/span>, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u00e0y v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a<\/span>. D\u00f9 theo b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u. Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> theo ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 theo c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 ra<\/span> chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i<\/span> m\u00e0 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee9 x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> trong t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00f2n trong s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong t\u1eebng ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

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14. T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1c<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb hai chi\u1ec1u. \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> th\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y, m\u00e0 qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1ed1 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u00ean l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi c\u00e1c g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/span> c\u1ea7n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng theo nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span>. Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n; ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh<\/span> kinh t\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo theo ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o<\/span> h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

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15. M\u00e2u Thu\u1eabn<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra ‘m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span>, hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng’, – c\u00f3 nghi\u00e3 l\u00e0 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i<\/span> ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0 B\u1ea3n<\/span> ch\u1ee7 nghi\u00e3 trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span>. C\u1ed9ng Ho\u00e0 Nh\u1eadn D\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span> theo M\u00e1c x\u00edt, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u<\/span> th\u1eb3ng t\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n, c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay<\/span>, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>. \u0110a d\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn<\/span> s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a<\/span> theo tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u00e1o, v\u00ec Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb mu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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16. Ph\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span>. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 suy di\u1ec5n<\/span> t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n, nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u xoay quanh<\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh xe, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft chung (c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 lu\u00f4n nh\u00ecn hai \u0111i\u1ec3m trong c\u00f9ng l\u00fac<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ba, hay b\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n). Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng hay chung quy\u1ebft t\u1ea1o ni\u1ec1m tin<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang ra to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi. Khi b\u00e1nh xe ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> xoay chuy\u1ec3n qua th\u1eddi gian<\/span>, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft m\u1edbi s\u1ebd m\u1edf ra nh\u1eefng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1edbi ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Chung c\u1ee5c, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 cu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> – \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> suy di\u1ec5n<\/span> theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kim t\u1ef1 th\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u1eb1m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c hay nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh.<\/span><\/p>\n

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17. L\u1ea1c Quan<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1c quan<\/span>. C\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span> trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> khi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> di\u1ec7t kh\u1ed5<\/span> v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span> khi nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span>, trong khi \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span>. V\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, s\u1ef1 d\u00e2ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> cho th\u1ebf gian<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span>, xem c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu cho s\u1ef1 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhau theo c\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng sinh nhau. \u0110\u00fang \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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18. Tu<\/i>\u1ea7n Ho\u00e0n<\/i>.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 theo m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> n\u00e0o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3<\/span> s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> hay s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7<\/span>. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m<\/span> trong b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span>, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00f3 khi th\u0103ng, c\u00f3 khi gi\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, (ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi Thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ea1 ng\u1ee5c theo th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span>, khi xem c\u1ea3 hai l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m chung c\u1ee5c trong s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ed5 tho\u00e1i lui<\/span>). T\u1eeb tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, thuy\u1ebft tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> m\u1ecdi l\u1ea1c quan<\/span> th\u00e1i qu\u00e1<\/span> khi s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3<\/span> t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> hay bi quan<\/span> c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c khi khi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng x\u1ea5u \u0111i, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ebf trung dung<\/span> trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u00e0y. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> trong \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan<\/span> ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c<\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/span> c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn theo tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng theo h\u00ecnh v\u00f2ng xo\u1eafn.<\/span><\/p>\n

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19. N<\/i>\u1ed7<\/i>L\u1ef1c Li\u00ean T\u1ee5c<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span>, t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 thi, v\u00e0 – trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3<\/span> -, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c tin<\/span>, hay do s\u1ef1 thu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c<\/span> \u00e2n s\u1ee7ng<\/span> do n\u01a1i<\/span> cao c\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1eefu \u00edch theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> A Di \u0110\u00e0<\/span>). Nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> si\u00eang n\u0103ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span>, – m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i suy ngh\u0129<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf, ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> \u1edf cu\u1ed1i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ee5c c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span>, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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20. Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> trong m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/span> nh\u01b0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t hay d\u1eadp t\u1eaft<\/span> hay c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> \u1ea9n d\u1ee5<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. \u0110\u00fang h\u01a1n, n\u00ean coi Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> h\u1eb1ng c\u1eefu. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi \u00fd tu\u1edfng v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf tr\u00ean trong ph\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh. Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Do \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng<\/span> l\u00e0 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh. Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span>, khi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>. V\u00e0 19 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> ho\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m 20.<\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u00e1u Khuy\u1ebft \u0110i\u1ec3m C\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> L\u00e0m Ng\u0103n Tr\u1edf Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 ta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o<\/span> ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span>. S\u00e1u \u0111i\u1ec3m sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd minh ch\u1ee9ng cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng ai s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc theo Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

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1. Khoan Dung<\/span> V\u1edbi Qu\u00e2n Phi\u1ec7t <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Khoan dung<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng khoan dung<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u1ed5 qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9, th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c – nh\u01b0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span> n\u01a1i m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u0169ng b\u00e1m ch\u1eb7t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng Th\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1c<\/span> cho gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt (l\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 t\u1eed kamikaze c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m t\u1eed<\/span> qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t). M\u1ed9t tru\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> nh\u1edb t\u1edbi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> cho ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. B<\/i>\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng <\/i>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc B<\/i>\u1ea5t C\u00f4ng<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Khoan dung<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u1ea1i khoan dung<\/span> qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/span> cho nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, l\u00e0m cho thuy\u1ebft Trung \u0110\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i<\/span>, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 gi\u00e0u sang<\/span> m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u00f4ng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u<\/span> ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span>, \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> thuy\u1ebft Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u1eefa cho th\u1ea5y Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Nh\u1eadt t\u1ef1 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 gi\u00e0u sang<\/span> trong khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc quanh Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ee5 c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed5<\/span> c\u1ef1c. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac<\/span> c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> r\u1ea5t \u00edt qua th\u1eddi gian<\/span> – \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u1ecb\u00e3 l\u00e0 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m<\/span> trong l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00e0y, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, trong khi c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec1 ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u00edt h\u01a1n, v\u00ec cho ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u0129 m\u00f4. Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> khi \u0111\u1ec1 ra<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng<\/span> g\u00e2y ra bao dung<\/span> qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u0129 quan c\u00f9ng chia s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3m nguy v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> v\u1edbi binh s\u0129 trong khi l\u1ea1i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eb9p tan qu\u00e2n th\u00f9, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng chia l\u01b0\u01a1ng, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 \u01b0u quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t<\/span> nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c qua h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. C\u00e1ch Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> cho l\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u1ecf g\u1ea7n ch\u00f9a, b\u00ean gi\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong th\u00f4n l\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 t\u0103ng<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span>. Trong Tam B\u1ea3o<\/span> th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng T\u0103ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t ra b\u00ean l\u1ec1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>. S\u01b0 t\u0103ng<\/span>, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u1ecf, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nghi\u00e3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> v\u1eeba huy ho\u00e0ng v\u1eeba c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o cho s\u01b0 t\u0103ng<\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u1eeb bi<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c s\u01b0 t\u0103ng<\/span>, (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa l\u00f2ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng theo \u00fd ngh\u1ecb\u00e3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> ho\u00e1, nh\u01b0ng theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> chung cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> chung \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span>. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> v\u0129 m\u00f4 b\u1ecb xao l\u00e3ng<\/span>, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> khi \u0111em c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> xa r\u1eddi con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi<\/span> Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span> tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/span> trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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4. Tho\u1ea3 Hi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ec3 Tu T\u1eadp<\/span> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n cho Ph\u1eadt gia\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi b\u1ea1o quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 d\u0129 nh\u00ecen kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi<\/span> b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7<\/span> b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i<\/span> ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/span>, nh\u1eefng thu nh\u1eadp t\u1ea1o n\u00ean \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn<\/span>. Khi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> qu\u1ed1c gi\u00e1o<\/span>, nguy hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf<\/span> th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span>; Th\u00e1i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y v\u00e0 Sri Lanka c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

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5. Th\u1ecbnh Suy<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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Thuy\u1ebft th\u1ecbnh suy<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh theo tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, ngay c\u1ea3 khi trong th\u00e2m t\u00e2m<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng<\/span>. Theo thuy\u1ebft th\u1ecbnh suy<\/span>, suy t\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, tin v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft th\u1ecbnh suy<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec c\u0169ng tin l\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac<\/span>. \u00dd ngh\u0129<\/span> l\u00e0m cho th\u1ecbnh suy<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span>, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft \u0111inh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span>, v\u00e0 d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span>, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

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6. Nghi L<\/i>\u1ec5<\/i> Qu\u00e1 M\u1ee9c<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean, th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u nghi th\u1ee9c<\/span>, huy ho\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eau d\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u00f9a ta\u1ecb \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p tay<\/span> nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u, nghi\u00eang m\u00ecnh<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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S\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c l\u00f2ng<\/span>, ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> x\u01b0a c\u0169, (th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Pali \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00edch Lan<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Sankrit \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed5 ng\u1eef<\/span> Trung Hoa v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> kh\u00e1c). V\u00e0 T\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd qu\u00e1 c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch quan h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ca\u00ed g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i t\u00edch l\u0169y<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span>, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i tri\u1ebft t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m cho Ph\u1eadt gia\u00f3 tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 – hay n\u00f3i<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111ang suy t\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Nh\u00ecn xuy\u00ean qua<\/span> 20 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 6 \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u1eeba tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, b\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span>: Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 to l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ebfu ho\u00e0 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>; trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m m\u1ee9c qui m\u00f4 h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed3i sinh<\/span> tho\u00e1t nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u00e2m l\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span>, c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00e1c (th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 Do Th\u00e1i<\/span>, Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa v\u00e0 H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o<\/span>). D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh<\/span> cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu khi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa gi\u00e1o<\/span> thay c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t x\u1ea5u \u0111i, h\u1ecd g\u00e2y chi\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> mu\u1ed1n thay c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t x\u1ea5u \u0111i, h\u1ecd tho\u00e1i lui<\/span> v\u00e0 che \u0111\u1eady<\/span> b\u1eb1ng nghi th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u00e0 l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hai chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai t\u00f4n gia\u00f3 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111em l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu q\u1ee7a cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n<\/span> v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> cho vi\u1ec7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> trong th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, c\u1ea3 hai l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 \u00edch cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0: khi \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Ph\u1eadt gia\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> trong tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp<\/span> h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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D\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span>, vai tr\u00f2<\/span> l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c, g\u00e2y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ed1 T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 K\u00fd<\/span> LHQ U Thant, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Soka Gakkai nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, Ikeda Daikasu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt, Ariayaratne, nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, Sarvodaya Shramdadama, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Sri Lanka. Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh – nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebfu \u0111i ph\u1ea7n tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>. Trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 hai g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1nh ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2y m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u1eb1ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0 B\u00ecnh Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi Johan Galtung \u0110\u1ed7 Kim Th\u00eam d\u1ecbch (LND) D\u00f9 tinh th\u1ea7n Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p lu\u00f4n ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong l\u00f2ng v\u0103n\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7212,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-7211","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7211"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7211\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7211"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=7211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}