{"id":7418,"date":"2020-12-04T01:13:15","date_gmt":"2020-12-03T18:13:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/04\/ve-bon-bo-cao-tang-truyen-quan-trong-trong-van-hoc-phat-giao-trung-quoc\/"},"modified":"2020-12-04T01:13:15","modified_gmt":"2020-12-03T18:13:15","slug":"ve-bon-bo-cao-tang-truyen-quan-trong-trong-van-hoc-phat-giao-trung-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/04\/ve-bon-bo-cao-tang-truyen-quan-trong-trong-van-hoc-phat-giao-trung-quoc\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u1ec1 B\u1ed1n B\u1ed9 Cao T\u0103ng Truy\u1ec7n Quan Tr\u1ecdng Trong V\u0103n H\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c"},"content":{"rendered":"

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V\u1ec1 B\u1ed1n B\u1ed9 Cao T\u0103ng Truy\u1ec7n<\/span> Quan Tr\u1ecdng\u00a0<\/b> <\/span>
Trong V\u0103n H\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

TK.Th\u00edch Minh Nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c L\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u01a1ng Cao T\u0103ng Truy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Cao T\u0103ng Truy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ed1ng Cao T\u0103ng Truy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Minh Cao T\u0103ng Truy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed k\u00fd c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa, ghi l\u1ea1i truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb Cao t\u0103ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> phong ph\u00fa<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> ho\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m<\/span> d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i<\/span>, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eed li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0 \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> trong th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed k\u00fd n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ghi l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span> quan l\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u0103ng s\u0129; c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ebf v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span> v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o; c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc s\u0129<\/span> danh ti\u1ebfng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan<\/span> v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> ra sao . . . cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> giao th\u00f4ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>. N\u00f3i chung Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u1eeba kh\u00e1ch quan l\u1ea1i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1\u00a0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee9 li\u1ec7u v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> qu\u00fd b\u00e1u<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1eed Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a trung Hoa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trung Hoa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0y. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> khi truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o Trung Hoa \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> \u1ea5y. Do v\u1eady ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu s\u1eed h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf qua nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/b>: chuy\u00ean ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec7n<\/b>: ch\u1ec9 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span>, nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i<\/span>, hay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n sang Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac<\/span> th\u1ec9nh kinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng truy\u1ec7n<\/b>: l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i s\u1eed k\u00fd ghi ch\u00e9p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean s\u01b0u t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> qua c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>. Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 3 n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Cao T\u0103ng Truy\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0: Danh t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o X\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> so\u1ea1n, T\u00e2n tu khoa ph\u00e2n l\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e0m Ng\u1ea1c<\/span> so\u1ea1n, B\u1ed5 t\u1ee5c cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Minh H\u00e0 so\u1ea1n, Tam th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb<\/span> t\u1ed5 truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n Trinh, T\u00e2n t\u1ee5c cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n t\u1ee9 t\u1eadp<\/span> do D\u1ee5 Khi\u00eam so\u1ea1n v..v..Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd n\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u1edbn cho \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh kh\u00e1ch quan v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1. L\u01b0\u01a1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> (Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>) do Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> (T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>) do \u0110\u1ea1o Tuy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>: do T\u00e2n Ninh th\u1eddi B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>: do Nh\u01b0 Tinh<\/span> th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Minh bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1n 4 b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/span>
—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u01a1ng cao t\u0103ng<\/span> truy\u1ec7nc\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> do Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> (497-554) \u1edf th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>: tr\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 14 quy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> \u1edf t\u1ea1i Gia<\/span> T\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1eed gia n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span> trong gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng l\u00e0u n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u00edt t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0i th\u1ecb t\u1ecbch<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m Th\u1eeba Th\u00e1nh th\u1ee9 3 (554) tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ecd 58 tu\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi xem qua<\/span> c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 danh t\u0103ng<\/span>, Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdn, thi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee5t sau. Do v\u1eady ng\u00e0i h\u1ea1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ecdc h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb danh<\/span> t\u0103ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch s\u1eed k\u00fd, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, phong t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n …\u00a0 Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i y c\u1ee9<\/span> tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u1ea5y m\u00e0 tu ch\u1ec9nh, b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 so\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> vi\u1ebft b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb danh<\/span> t\u0103ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 Danh t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3o X\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>… nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Danh T\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u0103m Thi\u00ean Gi\u00e1m th\u1ee9 18 (519) v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m Ph\u1ed5 Th\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ee9 3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 4 (522 hay 523) tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 4-5 n\u0103m, c\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ghi nh\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e1n V\u0129nh B\u00ecnh n\u0103m th\u1ee9 10 (67) v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span> v\u00e0o Thi\u00ean Gi\u00e1m n\u0103m th\u1ee9 18 (519) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian<\/span> l\u00e0 453 n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh truy\u1ec7n ghi nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a 257 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span>; ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 274 v\u1ecb. To\u00e0n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> l\u00e0m 10 khoa: D\u1ecbch kinh<\/span>, Ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, Th\u1ea7n d\u1ecb, T\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n, Minh lu\u1eadt, Di th\u00e2n, T\u1ee5ng kinh<\/span>, H\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, Kinh s\u01b0<\/span>, v\u00e0 X\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>. M\u1ed7i khoa c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i v\u0103n lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t l\u1ea1i khoa \u0111\u00f3. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn<\/span> ca ng\u1ee3i<\/span> nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t trong khoa \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u<\/span> quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng danh t\u00e0i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 trong truy\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> phong ph\u00fa<\/span>, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> ra, c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng m\u1ea9u truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea9y ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch, d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> bi\u1ebft th\u00eam nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u00f2n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u1ea5y. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c danh s\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng li\u00ean quan<\/span> nh\u01b0\u00a0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng danh s\u0129<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i huy\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ai, h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00ec … B\u1ed9 truy\u1ec7n c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u0103ng s\u0129 t\u1eeb T\u00e2y v\u1ef1c<\/span> sang \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>, t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> sang Thi\u00ean\u00a0 Tr\u00fac du h\u1ecdc, th\u1ec9nh kinh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 giao th\u00f4ng, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd . . .<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung, Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> trong h\u01a1n 400 r\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u0103m (67-519). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch l\u00e0m y c\u1ee9<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> s\u1eed li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y n\u00f3i chung. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u00edt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> qu\u00fd b\u00e1u<\/span> cho gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc<\/span> gi\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> gi\u1eefa Trung T\u00e2y c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u<\/span>. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span>, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> y c\u1ee9<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> .\u00a0 .\u00a0 . c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0110\u00f4ng H\u00e1n (V\u0129nh B\u00ecnh n\u0103m th\u1ee9 10) \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng (Thi\u00ean Gi\u00e1m n\u0103m th\u1ee9 18).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span> n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> L\u1ee5c tri\u1ec1u<\/span>, v\u1edbi l\u1eddi v\u0103n l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t, \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> s\u00e1ng r\u00f5, y c\u1ee9<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> l\u00e0m 2 ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ea7n truy\u1ec7n k\u00fd g\u1ed3m 13 quy\u1ec3n, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/span> 1 quy\u1ec3n; t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 14 quy\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0ng Thanh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1eeda th\u00e0nh 16 quy\u1ec3n. Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, V\u1ea1n t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u1ea1ng, Ho\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1ea1ng …<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/span>
—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> hay T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u1ecb t\u1eadp. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y do \u0110\u1ea1o Tuy\u00ean<\/span> (596-667) \u1edf tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng so\u1ea1n, to\u00e0n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 30 quy\u1ec3n (c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh 31 hay 40 quy\u1ec3n).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1o Tuy\u00ean<\/span> nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span>, ng\u00e0i cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ghi h\u1ebft c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m Ph\u1ed5 Th\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ee9 3 ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 4 (522 hay 523) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m Ph\u1ed5 Th\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ee9 4-5 cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt cao t\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e1ng ghi v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0o vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd<\/span> ng\u00e0i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u00fd do<\/span> n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ea1o Tuy\u00ean<\/span> vi\u1ebft T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> 3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch v\u1edf c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9: L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e0 lam k\u00fd<\/span>, T\u0103ng nha b\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span> truy\u1ec7n, Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> k\u00fd, Tr\u00ed Gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 bi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n<\/span>, Tri k\u1ef7<\/span> sa m\u00f4n<\/span> truy\u1ec7n, C\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng<\/span> truy\u1ec7n, Ch\u00fang kinh m\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/span> . . .<\/span><\/p>\n

Bia k\u00fd nh\u01b0: L\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, Tr\u1ea7n Th\u00fac B\u1ea3o, \u0110\u1ea1o An<\/span>, Ph\u00e1p Tuy\u00ean, . . .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00edch th\u00e2n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111i truy t\u00ecm t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea1o Tuy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n<\/span> c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i C\u00f4ng Qu\u00e1<\/span>, Tr\u00ed Th\u1ee7<\/span>, Tr\u00ed T\u1eafc, … trong \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu huynh \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00f4n<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Th\u1ea7y T\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m Tr\u00ecnh Qu\u00e1n th\u1ee9 19 (645) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u1ea1i vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u0103m L\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 2 th\u00ec m\u1edbi k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span> h\u1eb3n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/span> ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> m\u1ea5t 2 n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

To\u00e0n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u00e0 10 khoa: D\u1ecbch kinh<\/span> (4 quy\u1ec3n), Ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3i<\/span> (11 quy\u1ec3n), T\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n (5 quy\u1ec3n), Minh lu\u1eadt, H\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p<\/span>, C\u1ea3m Th\u00f4ng<\/span> (m\u1ed7i khoa 2 quy\u1ec3n), Di th\u00e2n, T\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecdc, H\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, T\u1ea1p khoa (m\u1ed7i khoa 1 quy\u1ec3n), c\u1ed9ng chung to\u00e0n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 30 quy\u1ec3n; tr\u00ean 40 v\u1ea1n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. S\u00e1ch k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> t\u1eeb n\u0103m Thi\u00ean Gi\u00e1m nguy\u00ean ni\u00ean (502) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u0103m L\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 2 (665) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh truy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 485 v\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 219 v\u1ecb. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung cho ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 190 v\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span> vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch, gi\u1ea3ng kinh<\/span> thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> tu h\u1ecdc<\/span>, truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi<\/span> , . . . m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> cao c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa; v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa th\u1eddi Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u00f9y \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Do t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 bia k\u00fd c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n<\/span>, n\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> r\u1ea5t cao.V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> T\u00f9y \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> sinh ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> n\u01a1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Tuy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span>.. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd n\u00e0y. B\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> t\u1eeb B\u1eafc ch\u00ed Nam c\u1ee7a trung Hoa. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span>, v\u00ec v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1eafp Trung Hoa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec Trung Hoa b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4i B\u1eafc, Nam, v\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> giao th\u00f4ng \u0111i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> \u1edf tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c Nam tri\u1ec1u, do v\u1eady c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/span>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span>, b\u1ed9 T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> quan l\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>, T\u0103ng s\u0129 th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. S\u00e1ch c\u00f2n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 huy<\/span> t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Cao t\u1ed5<\/span> . . . Nh\u01b0ng di\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 trong s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 ghi tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec7n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1ch th\u1eadp to\u00e0n th\u1eadp m\u1ef9. Nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129<\/span> khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch v\u00ec ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch th\u00ec l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. Cho n\u00ean b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa, T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> s\u1eed li\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 Cao Ly t\u1ea1ng<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, t\u1ea7n Gi\u00e0<\/span> t\u1ea1ng (3 t\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y chia l\u00e0m 30 quy\u1ec3n) Th\u00edch sa t\u1ea1ng (31 quy\u1ec3n), Gia T\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1ng (40 quy\u1ec3n). <\/span>
\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> ho\u1eb7c T\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec7n, g\u1ed3m 30 quy\u1ec3n, do T\u00e2n Ninh (919-1001) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Sau khi d\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, vua li\u1ec1n h\u1ea1 chi\u1ebfu in \u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> (m\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n) v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> vi\u1ec7n d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng<\/span>, t\u1ea1o ch\u00f9a . . . \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ca ng\u1ee3i<\/span> c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span>, T\u1ed1ng Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng h\u1ea1 chi\u1ebfu m\u1eddi ng\u00e0i T\u00e2n Ninh ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch<\/span> bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span> b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00f2n m\u1eddi ng\u00e0i Hi\u1ec3n trung v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed Lu\u00e2n tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i T\u00e2n Ninh v\u00e0 Hi\u1ec3n trung, Tr\u00ed Lu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f2ng r\u00e3 h\u01a1n 7 n\u0103m, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam tra c\u1ee9u<\/span> s\u1eed li\u1ec7u, bia k\u00fd, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n truy t\u00ecm t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u, ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n<\/span> m\u00e0 so\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m T\u1ed1ng Th\u00e1i C\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh<\/span> H\u01b0ng Qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m th\u1ee9 7 (982) \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m \u0110oan C\u1ee7ng nguy\u00ean ni\u00ean (988) th\u00ec ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u1ea1i H\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2u<\/span>. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m Ch\u00ed \u0110\u1ea1o th\u1ee9<\/span> 2 (996) th\u00ec l\u1ea1i tu ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 10 khoa: D\u1ecbch kinh<\/span>, ngh\u0129a gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, T\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n, Minh lu\u1eadt, h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p<\/span>, C\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng<\/span>, Di th\u00e2n, \u0110\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng<\/span>, H\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc, T\u1ea1p khoa. Ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i khoa \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn<\/span>. S\u00e1ch bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a 10 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> (k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Nam tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng). Ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh truy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 531 v\u1ecb, ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 125 v\u1ecb. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ea5n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi v\u1ea5n<\/span> trong truy\u1ec7n. S\u00e1ch c\u00f2n b\u1ed5 sung m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> cho l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u1ee5c Cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> so\u1ea1n c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan. Nh\u01b0 \u1edf khoa \u00abT\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n\u00bb, s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ea7n T\u00fa<\/span>, Th\u1ea7n H\u1ed9i<\/span>, Vi\u00ean T\u1ecbch<\/span> . . . S\u00e1ch c\u00f2n ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng tranh ch\u1ea5p<\/span> gi\u1eefa hai t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i<\/span> l\u00e0 Nam Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0110\u1ed1n tu c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng<\/span>, v\u00e0 b\u1eafc Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng<\/span> Ti\u1ec7m tu<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ea7n T\u00fa<\/span>. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u00ab\u0110\u0103ng l\u1ee5c\u00bb th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00f4 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i ghi nh\u1eadn<\/span> t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trung th\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan. Do v\u1eady s\u00e1ch c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng<\/span> Trung Hoa. \u1ede khoa \u00abD\u1ecbch kinh\u00bb th\u00ec s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng<\/span> d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb d\u1ecbch s\u01b0 trong trung t\u00e2m<\/span> d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> trong b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin c\u1eady<\/span>, v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t qua. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch trong s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec7n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1eddi gian<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span> l\u1eafm. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, V\u1ea1n T\u1ef1<\/span> t\u1ea1ng, Ho\u1eb1ng Gi\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1ea1ng. . . <\/span>
\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>, do Nh\u01b0 Tinh<\/span> \u1edf tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 Minh bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 8 quy\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u01a1i ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m 6 quy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Nh\u01b0 Tinh<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u<\/span> l\u00e0 Huy\u1ec5n Vi, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> ng\u00e0i Ch\u00e2n Thanh<\/span>, thu\u1ed9c Thi\u00ean Thai t\u00f4ng<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a T\u1eeb V\u00e2n<\/span> tr\u00ean n\u00fai Thi\u00ean Thai<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u00f9a L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam. Ng\u00e0i th\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c<\/span> n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 s\u1eed k\u00fd. V\u00e0o n\u0103m V\u1ea1n L\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 28 (1600) tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 Minh, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9<\/span> Kim Thang Bi\u00ean v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span> b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0y. Hai ch\u1eef \u00ab\u0110\u1ea1i Minh\u00bb \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u00fd l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd n\u00e0y bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>. Hay n\u00f3i<\/span> kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> b\u1ed9 T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i T\u00e1n Ninh<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ed9i dung, \u0110\u1ea1i Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00ec T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> k\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/span> ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m Ch\u00ed \u0110\u1ea1o th\u1ee9<\/span> 2 (966). C\u00f2n \u0110\u1ea1i Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00ec bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span> t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> t\u1eeb tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> Nam T\u1ed1ng. Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129<\/span> c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> l\u1eafm , v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0i Ph\u1ed5 Giao, nh\u1eadp t\u1ecbch<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m Tuy\u00ean H\u00f2a th\u1ee9 6 (1124) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi Huy T\u00f4ng, B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng (nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng). B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m V\u1ea1n L\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 45 (1617) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 Minh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e2n 3 khoa l\u00e0: D\u1ecbch kinh<\/span>, Gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a<\/span>, T\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n.\u00a0 <\/span>
D\u1ecbch kinh<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb l\u00e0 Sa La Ba<\/span> (Shaluoba) c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean; Gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> Nam T\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 Minh n\u0103m V\u1ea1n L\u1ecbch (t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 44 v\u1ecb); c\u00f2n khoa T\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n th\u00ec t\u1eadp trung trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> t\u1eeb B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng (nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc T\u1ed1ng), \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean (c\u00f3 67 v\u1ecb). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh truy\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 112 v\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 68 v\u1ecb. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span> truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 3 b\u1ed9 cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m c\u00f3 3 khoa. V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> lu\u1eadn, thu\u1eadt th\u00ec theo m\u00f4 d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a khoa ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch th\u00ec c\u00f3 b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn<\/span> t\u1ef1 v\u1ea5n t\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khoa \u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1ng, Nguy\u00ean, Minh l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u00abDung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c t\u00f4ng\u00bb, v\u00e0 \u00ab Tam gi\u00e1o<\/span> h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t\u00bb. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00e0o l\u01b0u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea5t gi\u00e1o Trung Hoa. Trong \u0110\u1ea1i Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 sau: \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ee5ng T\u00e0i C\u00f4ng H\u00e0nh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> B\u00ed, Nh\u00e3 C\u00f4ng Th\u00e1p Minh, Thi\u00ean Ng\u1ea1n T\u1ebf C\u00f4ng Th\u00e1p Minh, Ng\u0169 \u0110\u0103ng H\u1ed9i Nguy\u00ean<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt T\u1ed5<\/span> L\u1ecbch \u0110\u1ea1i<\/span> Th\u00f4ng T\u00e1i . . . N\u00f3i chung, ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> phong ph\u00fa<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u1eed k\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a 3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> T\u1ed1ng, Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 Minh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung. Do v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a 3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadt k\u1ec3 trong s\u00e1ch l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 ng\u1eafn v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cao t\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> l\u1eafm, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec7n b\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng l\u1eadp thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn 2 l\u1ea7n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, do v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1ng cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1i Minh cao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa. V\u00ec s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u hi\u1ebfm cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> cho gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc<\/span> gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 truy\u1ec7n t\u00edch v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a 3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> T\u1ed1ng, Nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 Minh. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh T\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 T\u1ee5c T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span>, b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 s\u1eed k\u00fd thu\u1ed9c th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i \u00abCao t\u0103ng truy\u1ec7n\u00bb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/span> cao, v\u00e0 coi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin<\/span> c\u1eady \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1eebu v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span>, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> qua c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>. N\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i \u1ee9c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ecbnh suy<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> Trung Hoa. \u0110\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y qu\u00fd ng\u00e0i su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00ec Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/span> qu\u00ean m\u00ecnh<\/span>. Qua nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ch t\u1ea5n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi nay tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00ec l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0110\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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