{"id":7477,"date":"2020-12-04T16:48:16","date_gmt":"2020-12-04T09:48:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/04\/gioi-thieu-lich-su-truyen-dich-chu-kinh-phap-hoa\/"},"modified":"2020-12-04T16:48:16","modified_gmt":"2020-12-04T09:48:16","slug":"gioi-thieu-lich-su-truyen-dich-chu-kinh-phap-hoa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/04\/gioi-thieu-lich-su-truyen-dich-chu-kinh-phap-hoa\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1edbi Thi\u1ec7u L\u1ecbch S\u1eed Truy\u1ec1n D\u1ecbch – Ch\u00fa Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa"},"content":{"rendered":"

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GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/span> L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec<\/span> TRUY\u1ec0N D\u1ecaCH \u2013 CH\u00da KINH PH\u00c1P HOA<\/span> <\/b>(SADDHARMAPUNDAR\u012aKAS\u016aTRA)<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

PH\u1ea0N \u2013 T\u1ea0NG \u2013 ANH \u2013 PH\u00c1P \u2013 NH\u1eacT- VI\u1ec6T
<\/span> <\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n


Ghi ch\u00fa<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch ra t\u1eeb t\u1eadp Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u<\/span> V\u1ec1 Kinh Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/i> Hoa, <\/i>nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp kh\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> <\/i>m\u00e0 <\/i>tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> theo h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1eadp kh\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u1edf Anh qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i> n\u00ean khi v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 mang v\u1ec1 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p \u2013 Anh \u2013 Nh\u1eadt v.v.. <\/i>Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tri \u00e2n<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> v\u1eeba t\u00ecm th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf T\u00e0ng kinh c\u00e1c <\/i>c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda<\/span> B\u1ed5n s\u01b0, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> li\u1ec1n b\u1ed5 t\u00fac th\u00eam v\u00e0o v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i L\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch-ch\u00fa Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> <\/i>n\u00e0y. Khi thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/span> ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa<\/span> \u2013 b\u1ed5 t\u00fac nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n Sanskrit Saddharmapu<\/i>\u1e47\u1e0d<\/i>ar\u012bkas\u016btra<\/i> <\/i>\u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cho b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu. Mong t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng bao dung<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi hoan h\u1ef7<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb c\u00f3 duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng b\u00fat m\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u00e2y!<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1eb3ng vi\u00ean dung\/ Ng\u1eeda b\u00e0n tay Ph\u1eadt v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/i>\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u00ean<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

_________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> khi n\u00e0o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ed5 ng\u1eef<\/span> mi\u1ec1n Trung \u1ea4n<\/span>, sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span> cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, th\u1eddi Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/span>, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eafc d\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u00ean l\u00fac ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>, Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ed5 ng\u1eef<\/span>. V\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Mag\u0101dhi<\/i>, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1eafc d\u00e2n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span>, trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb<\/span> k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> m\u1ed9t, hai v\u00e0 ba, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Mag\u0101dhi<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span>. N\u00ean, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n, T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span> ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Mag\u0101dhi <\/i>n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Mag\u0101dhi<\/i> v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span> v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh b\u1eb1ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> n\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1ee9 Avanti<\/i> (A-b\u00e0n-\u0111\u1ec1), tr\u00ean b\u1edd ph\u00eda b\u1eafc s\u00f4ng Narmada<\/i>,th\u00ec t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y hai lo\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Mag\u0101dhi<\/i> v\u00e0 Avanti<\/i> \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> P\u0101li ph\u00f4i thai. V\u00e0 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> b\u1eb1ng Mag\u0101dhi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng P\u0101li ph\u00f4i thai n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i x\u1ee9 Ujjayini (\u00d4-xa-di\u1ec5n-ni), th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Avanti<\/i> (A-b\u00e0n-\u0111\u1ec1). T\u1eeb Avanti, Ng\u00e0i Mahinda – ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Ca Chi\u00ean Di\u00ean<\/span> mang t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> kh\u1ea9u d\u1ecbch b\u1eb1ng P\u0101li ph\u00f4i thai n\u00e0y \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n d\u1ecdc theo v\u1ecbnh Oman \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span> t\u1ea1i T\u00edch Lan<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1eeb th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 Ujjayini<\/i> c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 Avanti<\/i>, kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> kh\u1ea9u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Mag\u0101dhi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n l\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi Ng\u0169 H\u00e0<\/span> n\u01a1i th\u1ed5 ng\u1eef<\/span> Prakrit, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ed5 ng\u1eef<\/span> c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Sanskrit. T\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng Ng\u0169 H\u00e0<\/span> n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Prakrit. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc, s\u1eed h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span> nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> n\u00e0y tr\u00ean l\u00e1 b\u1ed1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Mag\u0101dhi<\/i> l\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng Kashmir<\/i>, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5 ng\u1eef<\/span> V\u0113da<\/i> (V\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0). Ph\u00e1i H\u1eefu b\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0o th\u1eddi vua A-d\u1ee5c, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i Kashmir<\/i>, ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a<\/span> th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i Sanskrit thu\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c T\u0103ng s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> lo\u1ea1i Sanskrit thu\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch<\/span> v\u00e0 san \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ag\u0101ma<\/i> (kinh T\u1ea1ng<\/span> A-h\u00e0m).<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span> t\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit t\u1ea1p ch\u1ee7ng. C\u00f2n t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> P\u0101li, tuy \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba<\/span> t\u1eeb x\u1ee9 Avanti<\/i> \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00edch Lan<\/span> b\u1edfi Ng\u00e0i Mahinda th\u1eddi vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i Buddhagho\u1e63a (Ph\u1eadt \u00c2m<\/span>) ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V, T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch m\u1edbi san \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n P\u0101li ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 Nik\u0101ya<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> c\u1ed5 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> n\u0103m 1932 \u1edf Kashmir,<\/i> g\u1ed3m 2\/3 ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n v\u00e0 1\/3 ch\u1eef Mag\u0101dhi<\/i> cho ph\u00e9p<\/span> ta c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. D\u1ea7u tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u1ee7a Vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span>, s\u1ed1ng 100 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng thu\u1ed9c Trung \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Trung \u00c1 v.v\u2026\u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t<\/span> kinh n\u00e0y n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 225 sau T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch, n\u0103m m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span> ti\u1ebfng Hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Hi\u1ec7n nay ta c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 20 th\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n<\/span> kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> ch\u00e9p b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, Nh\u1eadt , \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> \u1edf N\u00e9pal, Trung \u00c1 , Kotan v\u00e0 Kucha (qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n<\/span> h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11 ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e9p v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 5 ho\u1eb7c 6. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n<\/span> Ph\u1ea1n n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3<\/span> so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>. Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y, b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 s\u1edbm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n. N\u0103m 1913, Kerne v\u00e0 Najo Fumio d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c Ph\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n phi\u1ebfn t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> r\u1ed3i so\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n Saddharmapu<\/i>\u1e47\u1e0d<\/i>ar\u012bkas\u016btra<\/i>.<\/span><\/p>\n

I. KINH V\u0102N<\/span><\/h2>\n

I.1.\u00a0 Ph\u1ea1n \u2013 T\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i> Ph\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ea5t t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 \u0938\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094d Saddharmapu<\/i>\u1e47\u1e0d<\/i>ar\u012bkas\u016btra<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/span> trong Buddhist Sanskrit Texts<\/i>[1], do Kerne v\u00e0 Najo -Fumio d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c Ph\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n phi\u1ebfn t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> r\u1ed3i bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n th\u1ee9 hai, l\u00e0 Saddharmapu<\/i>\u1e47\u1e0d<\/i>ar\u012bka-s\u016btra<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u00e2m La-tin do Prof.U.Wogihara v\u00e0 C. Tsuchida bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u00fa c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn<\/span>, c\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fa v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt, H\u00e1n v\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng ng\u1eef[2].<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3n, hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> trong \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span> v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1: \u201c\u0f51\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f46\u0f7c\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f51\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f51\u0f40\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f54\u0f7c\u0f60\u0f72\u0f0b\u0f58\u0f51\u0f7c dam chos pad-ma dkar po’i mdo<\/i>\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

I.2. H\u00e1n b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/h3>\n

B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> ti\u00ean do Chi Khi\u00eam<\/span> d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 225 \u2013 253, th\u1eddi Tam Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>, t\u1eeb n\u0103m Ho\u00e0ng v\u00f5 th\u1ee9 2 \u0111\u1eddi T\u00f4n Quy\u1ec1n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m Ki\u1ebfn Phong th\u1ee9 2 \u0111\u1eddi T\u00f4n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng. B\u1ea3n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>, t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cPh\u1eadt d\u0129 Tam Xa<\/span> Ho\u00e1n Kin<\/i>h\u201d, m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 7 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> 5 b\u1ea3n:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam Mu\u1ed9i Kinh<\/span> <\/i>6 quy\u1ec3n do C\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ebfp (Kalasivi<\/i>) d\u1ecbch n\u0103m Ng\u0169 Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9 2 ( 255 TL ) \u0111\u1eddi T\u00f4n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

– T\u00e1t-\u0111\u00e0m Ph\u00e2n-\u0111\u00e0-l\u1ecb Kinh<\/i>, 6 quy\u1ec3n, do Ph\u00e1p H\u1ed9<\/span> d\u1ecbch l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y ( 265 TL), \u0111\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n[3].<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>, 10 quy\u1ec3n c\u0169ng do Ph\u00e1p H\u1ed9<\/span> d\u1ecbch l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m th\u1ee9 7, ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00e1i Khang ( 286 TL ) \u0111\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n[4].<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> Ph\u00e1p hoa kinh<\/span><\/i>, 5 quy\u1ec3n do Chi \u0110\u1ea1o C\u0103n<\/span> d\u1ecbch, n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u H\u00e0m Hanh ( 33 TL ) \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa kinh<\/span><\/i>, 7 quy\u1ec3n sau \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh 8 quy\u1ec3n do C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> (Kumaraiva) d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o n\u0103m Ho\u1eb1ng Th\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 8 (406) \u0111\u1eddi Di\u00eau T\u1ea7n[5].<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u1eadt Thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam Mu\u1ed9i Kinh<\/span><\/i>, 1 quy\u1ec3n, do Tr\u00ed Nghi\u00eam<\/span> d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o th\u1eddi L\u01b0u T\u1ed1ng (420-479)[6].<\/span><\/p>\n

– Thi\u00eam Ph\u1ea9m Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>, 7 quy\u1ec3n do X\u00e0-na-qu\u1eadt-\u0111a (Nanagupta<\/i>) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma C\u1ea5p \u0110a<\/span> (Dharmagupta<\/i>) d\u1ecbch n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u Nh\u00e2n Th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eddi T\u00f9y (601 TL)[7].<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span> thi\u1ebfu n\u1eeda ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m D\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ea3o D\u1ee5<\/span><\/i>, thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea9m Ph\u00e1p S\u01b0<\/span><\/i>, Thi\u1ebfu Ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec7 t\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m Ph\u1ed5 M\u00f4n<\/span><\/i>. Sau n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> b\u1ea3n B\u1ed1i Di\u1ec7p<\/span><\/i> do Ng\u00e0i H\u1ed1t \u0110a mang<\/span> sang m\u00e0 d\u1ecbch b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n ta c\u00f2n ba b\u1ea3n l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span> l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Hoa<\/i>, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 Thi\u00eam Ph\u1ea9m Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>. N\u1ed9i dung ba b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 sai kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat. Di\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, Thi\u00eam Ph\u1ea9m<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, c\u00f2n Ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t chi ti\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo l\u1eddi t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Thi\u00eam Ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/i>, th\u00ec ba b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span><\/i> d\u1ecbch g\u1ed3m 6000 k\u1ec7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i cung vua n\u01b0\u1edbc K\u1ebf T\u00e2n<\/span> (Karmir<\/i>).<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p H\u1ed9<\/span> d\u00f9ng g\u1ed3m 6500 k\u1ec7, tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i cung vua n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi \u0111i\u1ec1n (Kotan<\/i>).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Qu\u1eadt \u0110a<\/span> (H\u1ed1t-\u0111a) g\u1ed3m 6200 k\u1ec7, ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ba b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> h\u01a1n c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

I.3. Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Anh B\u1ea3n<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u1ede Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1eeb Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span> s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t, qua b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef<\/span>: Le Lotus De La Bonne Loi<\/i>, do Burnouf d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n, c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/span> v\u00e0 in l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1852[8]. Sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span> nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1976, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/span> v\u00e0 ca ng\u1ee3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 hai g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y<\/span>, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb H\u00e1n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1: Le Sutra Du Lotus<\/i>, do gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Jean – Noel Robert phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch<\/span> 2001[9].<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Anh D\u1ecbch, The Lotus of the True Law<\/i>, Do Kern, d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea1n v\u0103n N\u00e9pal, n\u0103m 1880, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 27 ph\u1ea9m, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> \u1edf trong The Sacred of the East<\/i>[10]. B\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o quuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9 21 trong pho s\u00e1ch \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e1nh Th\u01b0\u201d (sacred Books of the East<\/i>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Anh d\u1ecbch, The Essence of the Lotus Scripture<\/i>[11] c\u1ee7a: b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 28 ph\u1ea9m, hi\u1ec7n n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed9 The New Test Ament of High Buddhism<\/i> c\u1ee7a Lichard, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1900.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Lotus of the Wonderful Law<\/i>[12] (The Lotus Gospel<\/i>)<\/i>: Do hai h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> W. E. Soothill <\/i>v\u00e0<\/i> Bunno Kato<\/i> d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb H\u00e1n b\u1ea3n La-th\u1eadp, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 28 ph\u1ea9m, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i London n\u0103m 1930.<\/span><\/p>\n

The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law<\/i>[13]: Do Murano Sench\u016b d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, Nh\u1eadt Li\u00ean T\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ea1i Tokyo, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1974.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 t\u1eadp<\/span> h\u1ee3p ba d\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> do c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span>: Kato Bunno; Tamura Yoshir\u014d; v\u00e0 Miyasaka K\u014djir\u014d; v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1 chung l\u00e0 The Threefold Lotus Sutra[14]<\/b><\/i> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span>: The Sutra of Innumerable Meanings; The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law<\/i> v\u00e0 The Sutra of Meditation on the Bodhisattva Universal Virtue<\/i>, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1975 do Weatherhill v\u00e0 K\u014dsei Publishing \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u1ea1i hai \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 New York v\u00e0 T\u014dky\u014d.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp theo<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hurvitz, Leon, v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1: Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma (The Lotus Sutra)<\/i>[15]. D\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u1edbi Ph\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n, b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft<\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu. B\u1ea3n n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i New York, n\u0103m 1976. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/span> cao.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Anh ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a Kuo-lin Lethcoe: The Wonderful Dharma Lotus Flower Sutra with the Commentary of Tripitaka Master Hsuan Hua[16]<\/b><\/i>, \u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb B\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a La-th\u1eadp k\u00e8m theo l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Tuy\u00ean H\u00f3a<\/span>, c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Buddhist Text Translation Society, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i San Francisco, n\u0103m 1977.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anh b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> Burton Watson d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb\u00a0 b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1: The Lotus Sutra<\/i>[17], xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i New york, n\u0103m 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tsugunari Kubo v\u00e0 Akira Yuyama Numata d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a La-th\u1eadp, v\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1: The Lotus Sutra<\/i>[18], do Center for Buddhist Translation and Research xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, n\u0103m 2007.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n anh d\u1ecbch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span>, g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y<\/span> nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span>, c\u1ee7a Gene Reeves, v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 The Lotus Sutra<\/i>[19], in \u1edf Boston, 2008. Gene Reeves l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Tsukuba, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Rikkyo, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Renmin c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 Rissho Kosei-kai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c Niwano Peace Foundation. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/span> cao v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

I.4. Nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span><\/h3>\n

– B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a\u3057\u307e\u3058 \u3060\u3044\u3068\u3046 (Dait\u014d Shimaji \u5cf6\u5730\u5927\u7b49 ), \u00a0Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> Gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ec1<\/i> \u6cd5 \u83ef \u4e09 \u90e8 \u7d93 \u89e3 \u984c, n\u0103m 1974, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> ba b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span>: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u570b\u00a0 \u8b6f \u7121 \u91cf \u7fa9 \u7d93 ; Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span> \u00a0\u5999 \u6cd5 \u84ee \u83ef\u00a0 \u7d93; Qu\u00e1n Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n<\/span> B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> kinh \u89c0\u666e\u8ce2\u83e9\u85a9\u884c\u6cd5\u7d93.[20]<\/span><\/p>\n

– Qu\u1ed1c d\u1ecbch Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft Kinh<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> so\u1ea1n thu\u1eadt b\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i> B\u1ed9, \u00a0\u56fd\u8a33\u4e00\u5207\u7d4c \u5370\u5ea6\u64b0\u8ff0\u90e8 \u6cd5\u83ef\u90e8, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Daito (\u5927\u6771\u51fa\u7248\u793e), n\u0103m 1928.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5 \u83ef \u7d4c \u00a0t\u1eadp I & II, thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/i> \u5927\u4e57\u4ecf\u5178\u00a0 quy\u1ec3n 4 v\u00e0 5, do \u00a0\u677e\u6fe4\u8aa0\u5ec9 (Matsunami Seiren), Masato Nagao \u306a\u304c\u304a \u304c\u3058\u3093 (1907-2005; \u9577 \u5c3e \u00a0\u96c5 \u00a0\u4eba) v\u00e0 Tanji Akiyoshi \u305f\u3093\u3058 \u3066\u308b\u3088\u3057 (\u4e39 \u6cbb \u662d \u7fa9\u00a0 1932 – …\uff09 Trung C\u00f4ng V\u0103n<\/span> Kh\u1ed1 \u4e2d\u516c\u6587\u5eab, \u00a0d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa, 2001-2002[21].<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d4c, ba quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2013 trung \u2013h\u1ea1 \uff08\u4e0a-\u4e2d-\u4e0b), \u00a0do Yutaka Iwamoto\u3044\u308f\u3082\u3068 \u3086\u305f\u304b (1910-1988; \u5ca9\u672c\u88d5) v\u00e0 Sakamoto Yukio\u3055\u304b\u3082\u3068 \u3086\u304d\u304a( 1899-1973; \u5742\u672c\u5e78\u7537) d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa, Iwanami Bunko \u3044\u308f\u306a\u307f\u3076\u3093\u3053 (\u5ca9\u6ce2\u6587\u5eab), 1976<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d4c, d\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> ng\u1eef , thu\u1ed9c b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/i> (\u73fe \u4ee3 \u8a9e \u8a33 \u5927\u4e57 \u4ecf \u5178\uff09Nakamura Original \u306a\u304b\u3080\u3089 \u306f\u3058\u3081 (1912-1999;\u4e2d\u6751\u5143), Tokyo Shoseki \u3068\u3046\u304d\u3087\u3046\u3057\u3087\u305b\u304d (\u6771\u4eac\u66f8\u7c4d) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, 2003.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i>, Ph\u1ea1n-H\u00e1n-H\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> ng\u1eef \u68b5\u6f22\u548c\u5bfe\u7167\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a9e\u8a33\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d4c, hai quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1, \u00a0Ueki Masatoshi \u3046\u3048\u304d \u307e\u3055\u3068\u3057\uff08\u690d\u6728 \u96c5\u4fca\u30011951 – ….\uff09d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa, \u00a0Iwanami Shoten \u3044\u308f\u306a\u307f\u3057\u3087\u3066\u3093 (\u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, \u00a02008.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i> d\u1ecbch B\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c Ph\u1ea1n ng\u1eef<\/span> sang hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> ng\u1eef \u30b5 \u30f3\u30b9 \u30af \u30ea \u30c3 \u30c8 \u539f \u5178 \u73fe \u4ee3 \u8a9e \u8a33 \u6cd5 \u83ef \u7d4c , hai quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1\uff08 \u4e0a – \u4e0b ), Iwanami Shoten \u3044 \u308f \u306a \u307f \u3057 \u3087 \u3066 \u3093\u00a0 (\u5ca9 \u6ce2 \u66f8 \u5e97) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, 2015.<\/span><\/p>\n

I.5. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam Mu\u1ed9i Kinh<\/span><\/i>, \u0110\u1ea1o Hinh – C\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ebfp d\u1ecbch sang H\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Giao Ch\u1ec9, n\u0103m 258 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Qu\u1ed1c d\u1ecbch Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>, b\u1ea3n n\u00f4m, 1747. Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span> – H\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ea3i<\/span> (1628-1715), \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ch\u00fa kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef n\u00f4m v\u00e0o th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea; V\u0103n b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ch\u00e9p nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cH\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ea3i<\/span> Thi\u1ec1n S\u01b0<\/span> Ng\u1eef L\u1ee5c<\/span>, C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng<\/span> B\u00e1t Ni\u00ean, Tu\u1ebf Th\u1ee9 \u0110inh M\u00e3o, Ng\u0169 Nguy\u1ec7t, C\u00e1t Nh\u1eadt T\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p<\/span> So\u1ea1n Thu\u1eadt \u2013 C\u1ea3nh H\u01b0ng<\/span> 8 \u2013 1747<\/i>\u201d, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n gi\u1eef \u1edf th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n H\u00e1n-N\u00f4m, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>, b\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7, n\u0103m 1734. Minh Dung – Ph\u00e1p Th\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u1eafc in, \u0111\u1eddi vua L\u00ea Thu\u1ea7n T\u00f4ng (1732 \u2013 1735). B\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang t\u1ed3n gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Quang<\/span>, Phan Thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Qu\u1ed1c Ng\u1eef Kinh<\/i>, b\u1ea3n gi\u1ea5y, n\u0103m 1929. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 XIX, Tri\u1ec1u T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c (1847 – 1883), Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i \u00e2m b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p li\u00ean hoa kinh<\/span>, C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u1ef1a l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p hoa<\/span> qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef kinh, ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1848 v\u00e0 in c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1<\/span> l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1856. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span>, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n in l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1929, c\u1ee7a \u201cT\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1<\/span> Hu\u1ec7 L\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d c\u00f3 ghi nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNg\u00e0y trung tu\u1ea7n<\/span> m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m gi\u00e1p t\u00fd Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn\u201d, \u201cCh\u00f9a b\u00e1i Am x\u00e3 V\u0169 h\u1ea1 t\u1ed5ng V\u1ecdng l\u1ed7 huy\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee5 d\u1ef1c Th\u00e1i ninh t\u1ec9nh Ninh B\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>, n\u0103m 1937, \u0110o\u00e0n Trung C\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p nhan \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 Le Lotus De La Bonne Loi, do Burnouf d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n[22]. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> m\u1ea5t trang b\u00eca, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nh\u00e0 in v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa<\/span><\/i>, Th\u00edch Tu\u1ec7 H\u1ea3i<\/span> d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, Ban Ph\u00e1t H\u00e0nh Kinh S\u00e1ch Ch\u00f9a V\u0129nh Nghi\u00eam<\/span> (s\u1ed1 339, \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ed9<\/span> C\u00f4ng l\u00fd<\/span>, \u00a0S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u0169, nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nam K\u1ef3 Kh\u1edfi Ngh\u0129a, qu\u1eadn 3) \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh<\/span>, PL. 2516; Ban D\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0<\/span> ch\u00f9a V\u0129nh Nghi\u00eam<\/span>, T\u00e1i b\u1ea3n 1972.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u1ea9m Th\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ea5t Khinh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t<\/i>, trong Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i>, Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Th\u1ee7<\/span> d\u1ecbch, Qu\u1ea3ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> T\u00f9ng Th\u01b0, 1982.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa<\/span><\/i>, Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed T\u1ecbnh<\/span>, d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7n<\/span> Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf Xu\u1ea5t B\u1ea3n 1988 – PL 2530. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c in t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span> trong nhi\u1ec1u tu vi\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Hoa Sen<\/span><\/i>, Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Quang<\/span>, d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i, t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> Anh v\u00e0 H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch, \u00a0Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Th\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/span>, PL.2552, n\u0103m 1998.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa<\/span>,<\/i> Th\u00edch N\u1eef<\/span> Th\u1ec3 Qu\u00e1n, d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span>, Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n T\u00f4n<\/span> Gi\u00e1o, n\u0103m 200?.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Linh S\u01a1n<\/span> Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span><\/i>, T\u1eadp 34, c\u00f3 n\u0103m b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span>: \u201cT\u00e1t \u0110\u00e0m Ph\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ee3i Kinh<\/i> (s\u1ed1 265, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh T\u00e2n Tu); Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>, La Th\u1eadp<\/span>; Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam Mu\u1ed9i Kinh<\/span>, Tr\u00ed Nghi\u00eam<\/span> (x\u1ee9 L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00e2u); Ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i>, Tr\u00fac Ph\u00e1p H\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 Thi\u00eam Ph\u1ea9m Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span><\/i> c\u1ee7a X\u00e0 Na Qu\u1eadt \u0110a<\/span> v\u00e0 C\u1ea5p \u0110a\u201d.\u00a0 H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch T\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1nh<\/span> Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u1ed9i V\u0103n H\u00f3a<\/span> Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c<\/span> Linh S\u01a1n<\/span> \u0110\u00e0i B\u1eafc Xu\u1ea5t B\u1ea3n, n\u0103m 2000.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa<\/span><\/i>, Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u1ecbnh h\u1ed9i t\u1eadp, tr\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 12 quy\u1ec3n, Ch\u00f9a T\u00e2n Vi\u00ean, X\u00e3 Ba V\u00ec, Tp. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Th\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i, PL. 2556, TL.2012.<\/span><\/p>\n

II. LU\u1eacN GI\u1ea2I<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

II.1. Ph\u1ea1n v\u0103n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong Buddhist Sanskrit Texts<\/i> nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/span> b\u1eb1ng Ph\u1ea1n v\u0103n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> T\u00edch Lu<\/i>\u1ead<\/i>n<\/i> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Nag\u0101rjuna (s\u1ed1ng sau Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span> 800 n\u0103m, kho\u1ea3ng 300 T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

– Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh \u01afu Ba \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1<\/span><\/i> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p Hoa Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> do Ng\u00e0i Th\u00ea Th\u00e2n<\/span> so\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang H\u00e1n v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> hai b\u1ea3n[23], hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> trong \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh T\u1ea1ng T\u00e2n Tu<\/i>[24].<\/span><\/p>\n

II.2. H\u00e1n v\u0103n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh S\u1edb<\/span><\/i>, 2 quy\u1ec3n do T\u0103ng Du\u1ec7<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o Sinh<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c – Ph\u00e1p Hoa T\u00f4ng<\/span> Y\u00eau T\u1ef1<\/i>, do Tu\u1ec7 Qu\u00e1n<\/span> so\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi\u00a0 L\u1ee5c Tri\u1ec1u<\/span> c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 70 nh\u00e0 ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> 600 n\u0103m, c\u00f3 nhi\u00eau t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> ch\u00fa th\u00edch Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> trong \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh T\u1ea1ng T\u00e2n Tu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 33, s\u1ed1 1715, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Ngh\u0129a K\u00ed<\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7fa9\u8a18, 8 quy\u1ec3n, L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ph\u00e1p V\u00e2n<\/span> so\u1ea1n[25].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 33, s\u1ed1 1716, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh Huy\u1ec1n Ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/i> \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u7384\u7fa9, 10 quy\u1ec3n, T\u00f9y, Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i<\/span> Thuy\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 33, s\u1ed1 1717, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Huy\u1ec1n Ngh\u0129a Th\u00edch Thi\u00eam<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7384\u7fa9\u91cb\u7c64, 20 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Tr\u1ea1m Nhi\u00ean<\/span> thu\u1eadt[26].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 33, s\u1ed1 1718, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh V\u0103n C\u00fa<\/span><\/i> \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u6587\u53e5, 10 quy\u1ec3n, T\u00f9y, Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i<\/span> Thuy\u1ebft[27].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 34, s\u1ed1 1719, Ph\u00e1p Hoa V\u0103n C\u00fa K\u00ed<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u6587\u53e5\u8a18, 10 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Tr\u1ea1m Nhi\u00ean<\/span> thu\u1eadt[28].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 34, s\u1ed1 1720, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Huy\u1ec1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7384\u8ad6, 10 quy\u1ec3n, T\u00f9y, \u00a0C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> so\u1ea1n[29].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 34, s\u1ed1 1721, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Ngh\u0129a S\u1edb<\/span><\/i>, 12 quy\u1ec3n, T\u00f9y, C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> so\u1ea1n[30].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 34, s\u1ed1 1722, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Du \u00dd<\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u904a\u610f, 1 quy\u1ec3n, T\u00f9y, C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> t\u1ea1o[31].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 34, s\u1ed1 1723, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span> Huy\u1ec1n T\u00e1n<\/i> \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u7384\u8d0a, 10 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Khuy C\u01a1<\/span> so\u1ea1n[32].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 34, s\u1ed1 1724, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Huy\u1ec1n T\u00e1n<\/span> Ngh\u0129a Quy\u1ebft<\/i>, 1 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng,Tu\u1ec7 Chi\u1ebfu<\/span> so\u1ea1n[33].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 34, s\u1ed1 1725, Ph\u00e1p Hoa T\u00f4ng Y\u1ebfu<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u5b97\u8981, T\u00e2n La<\/span>, Nguy\u00ean Hi\u1ec3u<\/span> so\u1ea1n[34].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 46, s\u1ed1 1911, Ma Ha Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/i>\u00a0 \u6469\u8a36\u6b62\u89c0 (Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n<\/span> theo Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i>), T\u00f9y, Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i<\/span> thuy\u1ebft, 20 quy\u1ec3n[35].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 26, s\u1ed1 1519, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh \u01afu Ba \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1<\/span><\/i> \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u6182\u6ce2\u63d0\u820d\u5377\u4e0a, 2 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> S\u01b0 B\u00e0<\/span> T\u1ea9u B\u00e0n \u0110\u1eadu (Vasubandhu) Th\u00edch, \u00a0H\u1eadu Ng\u1ee5y, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 L\u01b0u Chi<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0m L\u00e2m<\/span> d\u1ecbch[36].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 26, s\u1ed1 1520, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh Lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u01afu Ba \u0110\u1ec1 X\u00e1<\/span><\/i> \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u8ad6\u512a\u6ce2\u63d0\u820d, 1 quy\u1ec3n, B\u00e0 T\u1ea9u B\u00e0n \u0110\u1eadu<\/span> (Vasubandhu) B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1ea1o, Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ee5y L\u1eb7c Na Ma \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u0103ng L\u00e3ng<\/span> d\u1ecbch[37].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 19, s\u1ed1 1000, Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh V\u01b0\u01a1ng Du Gi\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n Tr\u00ed Nghi Qu\u1ef9<\/span><\/i>, 1 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, B\u1ea5t Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u1ecbch[38].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 19, s\u1ed1 1001, Ph\u00e1p Hoa M\u1ea1n \u0110\u1ed3 La<\/span> Uy Nghi<\/span> H\u00ecnh S\u1eafc<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Kinh<\/span>, 1 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng<\/i>, B\u1ea5t Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u1ecbch[39].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 85, s\u1ed1 2872, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span> Qu\u1ea3ng L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ecba Ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eadp C\u1eedu <\/i>\u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u5ea6\u91cf\u5929\u5730\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[40].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 21, s\u1ed1 1292, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Th\u1eadp La S\u00e1t<\/span> Ph\u00e1p<\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u5341\u7f85\u524e\u6cd5, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[41].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 85, s\u1ed1 2899, Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa Kinh<\/span> M\u00e3 Minh B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u1ec7 Tam Th\u1eadp<\/i> \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u99ac\u660e\u83e9\u85a9\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[42].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 40, s\u1ed1 1818, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Lu\u1eadn S\u1edb<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u8ad6\u758f, 3 quy\u1ec3n, T\u00f9y, C\u00e1t T\u1ea1ng<\/span> so\u1ea1n[43].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 46, s\u1ed1 1926, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh An L\u1ea1c H\u00e0nh Ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5b89\u6a02\u884c\u7fa9, 1 quy\u1ec3n, Tr\u1ea7n Tu\u1ec7 T\u01b0<\/span> thuy\u1ebft[44].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 46, s\u1ed1 1941, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam Mu\u1ed9i S\u00e1m Nghi<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u4e09\u6627\u61fa\u5100, 1 quy\u1ec3n, T\u00f9y, Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i<\/span> so\u1ea1n[45].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 46, s\u1ed1 1942, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam Mu\u1ed9i<\/span> H\u00e0nh S\u1ef1<\/span> V\u1eadn T\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed5 Tr\u1ee3 Nghi<\/i>, 1 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Tr\u1ea1m Nhi\u00ean<\/span> so\u1ea1n[46].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 46, s\u1ed1 1943, L\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p Hoa Tam Mu\u1ed9i<\/span> B\u1ed5 Tr\u1ee3 Nghi<\/i> \u7565\u6cd5\u83ef\u4e09\u6627\u88dc\u52a9\u5100\u5e76\u5e8f, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[47].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 46, s\u1ed1 1944, L\u1ec5 Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span> Nghi Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/i> \u79ae\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5100\u5f0f, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[48].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 2067, Ho\u1eb1ng T\u00e1n Ph\u00e1p Hoa Truy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/i> \u5f18\u8d0a\u6cd5\u83ef\u50b3, 10 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Hu\u1ec7 T\u01b0\u1eddng so\u1ea1n[49].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 51, s\u1ed1 2068, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Truy\u1ec7n K\u00ed<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u50b3\u8a18, 10 quy\u1ec3n, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, T\u0103ng T\u01b0\u1eddng so\u1ea1n[50].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 85, s\u1ed1 2748, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Ngh\u0129a K\u00ed Quy\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ec7 Tam<\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7fa9\u8a18\u5377\u7b2c\u4e09, 1 quy\u1ec3n; b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n quy\u1ec3n ba th\u1ee9 ba n\u00e0y, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[51].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 85, s\u1ed1 2749, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh S\u1edb<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u758f, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[52].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 85, s\u1ed1 2750, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh S\u1edb<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u758f, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[53].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 85, s\u1ed1 2751, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh S\u1edb<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u758f, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[54].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 85, s\u1ed1 2752, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> V\u1ea5n \u0110\u00e1p<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u554f\u7b54, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[55].<\/span><\/p>\n

II.3. Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n

Nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n \u54f2\u5b66\u601d\u60f3\u4e8b\u5178, m\u1ee5c Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d4c, Nham ba th\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ebfm xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97, n\u0103m 1998[56].<\/span><\/p>\n

Kariya Sadahiko \u82c5\u8c37\u5b9a\u5f66, \u201cKinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/i>“, \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d4c\u4e00\u4ecf\u4e57\u306e\u7814\u7a76, 1983<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span>, \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d4c\u306e\u6210\u7acb\u3068\u601d\u60f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00ean t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3? Nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n<\/span>, 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng H\u00e1n ng\u1eef:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, s\u1ed1 2187, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Ngh\u0129a S\u1edb<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7fa9\u758f, 4 quy\u1ec3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, do Sh\u014dtoku Taishi (Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1i T\u1eed<\/span>) so\u1ea1n[57].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i t\u1ea1ng kinh<\/span> 56, s\u1ed1 2188, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> L\u01b0\u1ee3c Sao<\/i>\u6cd5\u83ef\u7565\u6284, 1 quy\u1ec3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, Minh Nh\u1ea5t<\/span> so\u1ea1n[58].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, s\u1ed1 2189, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Th\u00edch V\u0103n T\u1ef1<\/span><\/i> \u5e8f\u6cd5\u83ef\u91cb\u6587, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, 3 quy\u1ec3n, Trung To\u00e1n so\u1ea1n[59].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, s\u1ed1 2190, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span> Khai \u0110\u1ec1<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u958b\u984c, 1 quy\u1ec3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, Kh\u00f4ng H\u1ea3i<\/span> so\u1ea1n[60].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span> Khai \u0110\u1ec1<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u958b\u984c, 1 quy\u1ec3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, Bi\u1ebfn Chi\u1ebfu<\/span> X\u00e0 L\u00ea<\/span> K\u00fd[61].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u, Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span> M\u1eadt Hi\u1ec7u<\/span><\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5bc6\u865f, 1 quy\u1ec3n, m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch[62].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> L\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00ed Th\u00edch<\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7565\u79d8\u91cb, 1 quy\u1ec3n, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Khoan Tam Ni\u00ean T\u1ee9 Nguy\u1ec7t Th\u1eadp T\u1ee9<\/span> Nh\u1eadt \u01af Khuy\u1ebfn Tu T\u1ef1<\/span>, T\u00e2y Minh Vi\u1ec7n Th\u01a1 T\u1ea3 Li\u1ec5u[63].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, s\u1ed1 2191, Ph\u00e1p hoa kinh<\/span> B\u00ed Th\u00edch<\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u79d8\u91cb, 1 quy\u1ec3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, Gi\u00e1c Kh\u00e2m so\u1ea1n[64].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Tang<\/span> Kinh 56, s\u1ed1 2192, Nh\u1eadp Ch\u00e2n Ng\u00f4n<\/span> M\u00f4n Tr\u00fa Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ef1c Ki\u1ebfn Gi\u1ea3ng Di\u1ec5n<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> L\u01b0\u1ee3c Nghi<\/i>\u5165\u771e\u8a00\u9580\u4f4f\u5982\u5be6\u898b\u8b1b\u6f14\u6cd5\u83ef\u7565\u5100, 2 quy\u1ec3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, Vi\u00ean Tr\u00e2n<\/span>[65].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span> 56, s\u1ed1 2195, Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Khai Th\u1ecb Sao<\/i> \u6cd5\u83ef\u958b\u793a\u6284, 28 quy\u1ec3n, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span>, Trinh Kh\u00e1nh<\/span> so\u1ea1n[66].<\/span><\/p>\n

II.4. Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n<\/span><\/h3>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> \u0110\u1ec1 C\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/i>, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> trong b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0110i\u1ec3n T\u00f9ng San Chi Tam, Thanh \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> T\u1ef7 kheo<\/span> v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> – Minh Ch\u00e1nh Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span>, v\u00e0o Tri\u1ec1u Gia Long (1802 \u2013 1819), so\u1ea1n thu\u1eadt. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ghi nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cHo\u00e0ng Tri\u1ec1u Gia Long, th\u1eadp b\u00e1t<\/span> ni\u00ean, b\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7t c\u1ed1c nh\u1eadt\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> \u0110\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/i>, b\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7, n\u0103m 1933, H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Thanh Hanh, ch\u00f9a V\u0129nh Nghi\u00eam<\/span>, Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi d\u1eabn t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> \u0110\u1ec1 C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc in. B\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc c\u00f3 ghi nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNg\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 4 B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i n\u0103m th\u1ee9 9\u201d, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef<\/span> t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n H\u00e1n N\u00f4m, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> \u0110\u1ec1 C\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Thanh \u0110\u00e0m<\/span><\/i> (b\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc in l\u1ea1i), n\u0103m 1943, b\u1ea3n kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7, H\u1ed9i B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u1eafc in v\u00e0 \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> \u1edf Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n H\u00e1n N\u00f4m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Huy\u1ec1n Ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/i>, Ch\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> Mai Th\u1ecd Truy\u1ec1n, H\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> Nam Vi\u1ec7t – Ch\u00f9a X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i<\/span>, n\u0103m 1972. L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span>, \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c\u2026B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p Hoa Huy\u1ec1n Ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng hai l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i Ch\u00f9a X\u00e1-L\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt-H\u1ecdc Nam-Vi\u1ec7t, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i n\u0103m 1959, l\u1ea7n sau v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng ba Nh\u00e2m-D\u1ea7n (5-4-1962)\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Li\u00ean-Hoa Gi\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n<\/span> l\u1ee5c<\/i>, Th\u00e1i H\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> gi\u1ea3ng, Sa M\u00f4n<\/span> Tr\u00ed Nghi\u00eam<\/span> d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb Th\u00e1i H\u01b0<\/span> to\u00e0n t\u1eadp, 2 t\u1eadp, Nh\u00e0 in H\u1ea1nh Ph\u00fac<\/span>, 1970.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea1i \u00fd Kinh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i>, \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd<\/span> b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a La-th\u1eadp, Th\u00edch Thanh Ki\u1ec3m, Th\u00e0nh H\u1ed9i PG T.P H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/span>, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n 1990.<\/span><\/p>\n

– L\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span><\/i>, Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Si\u00eau, T\u1eeb \u0110\u00e0m, 1997.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Ch\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Hoa Sen<\/span><\/i>, Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Quang<\/span>, l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i, t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch,\u00a0 Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Th\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/span>, PL.2552, n\u0103m 1998.<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa kinh<\/span> gi\u1ea3ng lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/i>, 2 t\u1eadp, Th\u00edch Th\u00f4ng B\u1eedu, T\u1ed5 \u0110\u00ecnh Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m<\/span>, Nxb. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>, 2000.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> th\u00e2m ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/i>, Th\u00edch T\u1eeb Th\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, Nxb. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/span>, 2001.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Kinh Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p Li\u00ean Hoa<\/span> Gi\u1ea3ng Gi\u1ea3i<\/span><\/i>, ghi l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb hai t\u1eadp b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng, Th\u01b0\u1eddng Chi\u1ebfu<\/span> bi\u00ean t\u1eadp<\/span>, H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t<\/span>, Nxb. T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>, 2003.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Sen N\u1edf Tr\u1eddi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ngo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/i>, Lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> v\u1ec1 Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span>, Th\u00edch Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh<\/span>, L\u00e1 b\u1ed1i<\/span> in, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi n\u0103m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p Hoa Kinh<\/span> Th\u00f4ng Ngh\u0129a<\/i>, H\u00e1m S\u01a1n \u2013 \u0110\u1ee9c Thanh<\/span>, H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Tr\u00ed T\u1ecbnh<\/span> d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng, Nxb.T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span>, 2007.<\/span><\/p>\n

– Nhan \u0111\u1ec1: \u201cM\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/span> m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ba b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> ph\u00e1p hoa\u201d, Nikky\u00f2 Niwano; Anh d\u1ecbch: K\u00f2jir\u00f2 Miyasaka, Buddhism For Today<\/i>: A modern Interpretation Of The Threefold Lotus Sutra, Kose Publishing Co. Tokyo, \u00a0Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch C\u01b0 S\u0129<\/span> Tr\u1ea7n Tu\u1ea5n M\u1eabn, Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u<\/span> Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> TP. HCM \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh<\/span> 1997 \u2013 Nxb. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n, 2010.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, s\u1ebd b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft<\/span> n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u1edf l\u1ea7n sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n

[1] \u0938\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e\u092a\u0941\u0923\u094d\u0921\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0938\u0942\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092e\u094d , Buddhist Sanskrit Texts, No 6, P.189.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[2] Saddharmapu<\/i>\u1e47\u1e0d<\/i>ar\u012bka-s\u016btra<\/i>, Prof.U.Wogihara and C. Tsuchida, Romanized and Revised Text, Tokyo, 1958.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[3] Trong \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00e1nh ghi l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch, T09n0265, tr. 0197a03: \u85a9\u66c7\u5206\u9640\u5229\u7d93\u4e00\u5377<\/i>, \u5931 \u8b6f \u4eba \u540d \u4eca \u9644 \u897f \u6649 \u9304.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[4] \u6b63\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5377<\/i>, \u897f\u6649\u6708\u6c0f\u570b\u4e09\u85cf\u7afa\u6cd5\u8b77\u8b6f, T09n0263, tr. 0063a02.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[5]\u00a0 \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93<\/i>, \u5f8c\u79e6\u9f9c\u8332\u570b\u4e09\u85cf\u6cd5\u5e2b\u9ce9\u6469\u7f85\u4ec0\u5949 \u8a54\u8b6f, T09n0262, tr. 0001a01<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[6] \u4f5b \u8aaa \u6cd5 \u83ef \u4e09 \u6627 \u7d93 \u4e00 \u5377, \u5b8b \u6dbc \u5dde \u6c99 \u9580 \u667a \u56b4 \u8b6f, T09n0269, tr. 0285c25.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[7] \u00a0\u6dfb\u54c1\u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93<\/i>, T09n0264, tr. 0134b24.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[8] Burnouf , Le Lotus De La Bonne Loi<\/i>, Paris, Imprimerie Nationale, 1852. Reprint, Librairie d’Am\u00e9rique et d’Orient A. Maisonneuve, Paris, 1973.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[9] Jean – Noel Robert, Le Sutra Du Lotus<\/i>, Fayard, Paris, 2001.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[10] Kern, H. Saddharma Pundar\u00eeka or the Lotus of the True Law<\/i>, Oxford 1884 (Clarendon Press) Sacred Books of the East, Vol. XXI, New York 1963 (Dover), Delhi 1968. Translation from Sanskrit.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[11] Cf. The Essence of the Lotus Scripture<\/i> , The New Testament of Higher Buddhism by Timothy Richard<\/i>, Lichard, 1990.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[12] W. E. Soothill and Bunno Kato, The Lotus of the Wonderful Law or The Lotus Gospel<\/i>, Oxford, 1930.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[13] Murano Sench\u016b, The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law<\/i>, Tokyo, 1974. \u00a0Reprint: University of Hawaii Press, 2013.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[14] Kat\u014d Bunno, Tamura Yoshir\u014d, Miyasaka K\u014djir\u014d, The Threefold Lotus Sutra: The Sutra of Innumerable Meanings; The Sutra of the Lotus Flower of the Wonderful Law; The Sutra of Meditation on the Bodhisattva Universal Virtue<\/i>, Weatherhill & K\u014dsei Publishing, New York & T\u014dky\u014d, 1975.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[15] Hurvitz, Leon, Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma<\/i> (The Lotus Sutra<\/i>), Columbia University Press, New York, 1976.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[16] Kuo-lin Lethcoe, The Wonderful Dharma Lotus Flower Sutra with the Commentary of Tripitaka Master Hsuan Hua<\/i>, Buddhist Text Translation Society, San Francisco, 1977.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[17] Burton Watson, The Lotus Sutra<\/i>, Columbia University Press, New York, 1993.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[18] Tsugunari Kubo and Akira Yuyama Numata, The Lotus Sutra, Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, 2007.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[19] Gene Reeves, The Lotus Sutra<\/i>, Boston, 2008.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[20] V\u0103n b\u1ea3n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> t\u1eeb Hiroshi Kyokura (\u306f\u5f18\u6559\u85cf\u3088\u308a\u53ce\u9332), \u00a0Nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n Qu\u1ed1c D\u00e2n V\u0103n Kh\u1ed1<\/span> San H\u00e0nh H\u1ed9i \u5143\u7248\u306f \u570b \u6c11 \u6587 \u5eab \u520a \u884c\u6703,\u00a0 1917.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[21] B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> ti\u00ean Trung \u01af\u01a1ng C\u00f4ng Lu\u1eadn<\/span> X\u00e3 (\u521d\u7248\u306f\u4e2d\u592e\u516c\u8ad6\u793e),\u00a0 1975-1976 .<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[22] D\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, xem ch\u00fa th\u00edch 7.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[23]\u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u6182\u6ce2\u63d0\u820d, \u5927\u4e58\u8ad6\u5e2b\u5a46\u85ea\u69c3\u8c46\u91cb, \u5f8c \u9b4f \u5317 \u5929 \u7afa \u4e09 \u85cf \u83e9 \u63d0 \u7559 \u652f \u5171 \u6c99\u9580\u66c7\u6797\u7b49\u8b6f, T26n1519, tr. 0001a03 v\u00e0 \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u8ad6\u512a\u6ce2\u63d0\u820d, \u5a46\u85ea\u822c\u8c46\u83e9\u85a9\u9020 , \u5143 \u9b4f \u4e2d \u5929 \u7afa \u4e09 \u85cf \u52d2 \u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u5171\u50e7\u6717\u7b49\u8b6f, T26n1520, tr. 0010c03<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[24] Xem \u1edf ph\u1ea7n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/span> H\u00e1n v\u0103n b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[25] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7fa9\u8a18, \u5149\u5b85\u5bfa\u6c99\u9580 \u96f2\u6cd5\u5e2b\u64b0, T33n1715, tr. 0572a01.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[26] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7384\u7fa9\u91cb\u7c64, \u5929\u53f0\u6c99\u9580\u6e5b\u7136\u8ff0, T33n1717, tr. 0815b02.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[27] \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u6587\u53e5, \u5929\u53f0\u667a\u8005\u5927\u5e2b\u8aaa T34n1718, tr. 0001b18.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[28] \u6cd5\u83ef\u6587\u53e5\u8a18, \u5510\u5929\u53f0\u6c99\u9580\u6e5b\u7136\u8ff0, T34n1719, tr. 0151a02<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[29] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7384\u8ad6, \u5409\u85cf\u64b0, T34n1720, tr. 0361a01.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[30] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7fa9\u758f, \u5409\u85cf\u64b0, T34n1721, tr. 0451a03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[31] \u6cd5\u83ef\u904a\u610f,\u80e1\u5409\u85cf\u9020, T34n1722, tr. 0633b08.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[32] \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u7384\u8d0a , \u5927\u6148\u6069\u5bfa\u6c99\u9580\u57fa\u64b0, T34n1723, tr. 0651a03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[33] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7384\u8d0a\u7fa9\u6c7a, \u6dc4\u5dde\u5927\u96f2\u5bfa\u82fe\u82bb\u6167\u6cbc\u64b0 , T34n1724, tr.0854c03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[34] \u6cd5\u83ef\u5b97\u8981, \u5143\u66c9\u5e2b\u64b0, T34n1725, tr. 0870c07.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[35] \u6469\u8a36\u6b62\u89c0, \u968b\u5929\u53f0\u667a\u8005\u5927\u5e2b\u8aaa T46n1911, tr. 0001a03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[36]\u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u6182\u6ce2\u63d0\u820d, \u5927\u4e58\u8ad6\u5e2b\u5a46\u85ea\u69c3\u8c46\u91cb, \u5f8c \u9b4f \u5317 \u5929 \u7afa \u4e09 \u85cf \u83e9 \u63d0 \u7559 \u652f \u5171 \u6c99\u9580\u66c7\u6797\u7b49\u8b6f, T26n1519, tr. 0001a03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[37]\u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u8ad6\u512a\u6ce2\u63d0\u820d, \u5a46\u85ea\u822c\u8c46\u83e9\u85a9\u9020 , \u5143 \u9b4f \u4e2d \u5929 \u7afa \u4e09 \u85cf \u52d2 \u90a3\u6469\u63d0\u5171\u50e7\u6717\u7b49\u8b6f, T26n1520, tr. 0010c03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[38]\u6210 \u5c31\u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u738b\u745c\u4f3d\u89c0\u667a\u5100\u8ecc\u4e00\u5377, \u958b \u5e9c \u5100 \u540c \u4e09 \u53f8 \u7279 \u9032 \u8a66\u9d3b\u81da\u537f\u8085\u570b\u516c\u98df\u9091\u4e09\u5343\u6236\u8cdc\u7d2b\u8d08\u53f8\u7a7a\u8ae1\u5927\u9452\u6b63\u865f\u5927\u5ee3\u667a\u5927\u8208\u5584\u5bfa\u4e09\u85cf\u6c99\u9580\u4e0d\u7a7a\u5949 \u8a54\u8b6f , T19n1000, tr. 0594a04.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[39]\u6cd5\u83ef\u66fc\u837c\u7f85\u5a01\u5100 \u5f62\u8272\u6cd5\u7d93. \u4e2d\u4eac\u5927\u8208\u5584\u5bfa\u5927\u5ee3\u667a\u4e0d\u7a7a\u5949 \u8a54\u8b6f T19n1001, tr. 0602b03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[40] \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u5ea6\u91cf\u5929\u5730\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d, T85n2872, tr. 1355c11.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[41] \u6cd5\u83ef\u5341\u7f85\u524e\u6cd5, T21n1292, tr. 0377a12.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[42] \u5999\u6cd5\u84ee\u83ef\u7d93\u99ac\u660e\u83e9\u85a9\u54c1\u7b2c\u4e09\u5341, T85n2899, tr. 1426a12.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[43] \u6cd5\u83ef\u8ad6\u758f, \u80e1\u5409\u85cf\u64b0, T40n1818, tr. 0785a16.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[44] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5b89\u6a02\u884c\u7fa9, \u9673\u5357\u5dbd\u601d\u5927\u79aa\u5e2b\u8aaa, T46n1926, tr. 0697c16.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[45]\u6cd5\u83ef\u4e09\u6627\u61fa\u5100 (\u6cd5\u83ef\u4e09\u6627\u884c\u4e8b \u904b\u60f3\u88dc\u52a9 \u5100 \u79ae\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5100 \u5f0f) T46n1941, tr. 0949b10.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[46] \u6cd5 \u83ef \u4e09 \u6627 \u884c \u4e8b \u904b \u60f3 \u88dc \u52a9 \u5100 , \u5510\u570b\u6e05\u6c99\u9580\u6e5b\u7136\u64b0 T46n1942, tr. 0955c10.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[47] \u7565\u6cd5\u83ef\u4e09\u6627\u88dc\u52a9\u5100\u5e76\u5e8f, T46n1943, tr. 0956c04<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[48] \u79ae\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5100\u5f0f, T46n1944, tr. 0956c22.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[49] \u5f18\u8d0a\u6cd5\u83ef\u50b3, \u00a0\u85cd\u8c37\u6c99\u9580\u60e0\u8a73\u64b0, T51n2067, tr. 0012b16.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[50] \u6cd5\u83ef\u50b3\u8a18, T51n2068, tr. 0048b21.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[51] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7fa9\u8a18\u5377\u7b2c\u4e09, T85n2748, tr. 0170a03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[52] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u758f, T85n2749, tr. 0180a03.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[53] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u758f, T85n2750, tr. 0189b24.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[54] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u758f, T85n2751, tr. 0194c05.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[55] \u6cd5\u83ef\u554f\u7b54, T85n2752, tr. 0199a16.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[56]\u54f2\u5b66 \u601d\u60f3\u4e8b\u5178, \u5ca9\u6ce2\u66f8\u5e97, 1998, \u6cd5\u83ef\u7d4c, pp.1485-1486, \u83c5\u91ce\u535a\u53f2 \u62c5\u5f53<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[57] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7fa9\u758f, \u8056\u5fb7\u592a\u5b50, T56n2187, tr. 64.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[58] \u6cd5\u83ef\u7565\u6284, \u660e\u4e00\u64b0, T56n2188, tr. 129.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[59]\u6cd5\u83ef\u91cb\u6587\u5e8f, \u91cb\u4e2d\u7b97 \u64b0, T56n2189, tr. 144.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[60]\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u958b\u984c, T56n2190, tr. 172.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[61]\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u958b\u984c, \u904d\u7167\u95cd\u68a8\u8a18, T56, Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u, tr. 175.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[62]\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u5bc6\u865f, T56, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u, tr.182.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[63]\u6cd5\u83ef\u7565\u79d8\u91cb, \u9577\u5bec\u4e09\u5e74\u56db\u6708\u5341\u56db\u65e5\u65bc\u52f8\u4fee\u5bfa\u897f\u660e\u9662\u66f8\u5beb\u4e86T56,\u00a0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 k\u00ed hi\u1ec7u, tr. 183.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[64]\u6cd5\u83ef\u7d93\u79d8\u91cb, \u6c99\u9580\u89ba\u6b3d \u50ce, T56n2191, tr. 189.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[65]\u5165\u771e\u8a00\u9580\u4f4f\u5982\u5be6\u898b\u8b1b\u6f14\u6cd5\u83ef\u7565\u5100, T56n2192, tr. 189.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[66] \u6cd5\u83ef\u958b\u793a\u6284, T56n2195,tr. 255.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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