Sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o B\u1ed1n S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd (T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>), \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. B\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> cao qu\u00fd l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n1. S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (DUKKHA)<\/span><\/p>\n2. S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 NGUY\u00caN NH\u00c2N<\/span> C\u1ee6A S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (SAMUDAYA)<\/span><\/p>\n3. S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 C\u00c1CH CH\u1ea4M D\u1ee8T<\/span> S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (NIRHODHA)<\/span><\/p>\n4. S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 CON \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG<\/span> GI\u1ea2I THO\u00c1T CH\u00daNG<\/span> TA KH\u1eceI S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (MAGGA)<\/span><\/p>\nCh\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t<\/span> t\u1eebng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> cao qu\u00fd, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n1) S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (DUKKHA):<\/span><\/p>\nS\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd Th\u1ee9 Nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 “Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span>.” Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi m\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, v\u00e0 ngay khi h\u1ecd nghe c\u00e2u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n l\u1eafng nghe Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u1eefa, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span> n\u1eefa.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\nTuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef<\/span> Pali dukkha c\u0169ng \u00e1m ch\u1ec9<\/span>, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u-g\u00ec t\u1ea1m-th\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u-g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u-ki\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng-h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eefng g\u00ec qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, v\u00e0 th\u00fa v\u1ecb<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m-th\u1eddi, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\nLi\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i-t\u00f4i. C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m-th\u1eddi, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u-ki\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng-h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng? Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang ta<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n2) S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 NGUY\u00caN NH\u00c2N<\/span> C\u1ee6A S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (SAMUDAYA):<\/span><\/p>\nS\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd Th\u1ee9 Nh\u00ec d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ham mu\u1ed1n<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t<\/span> (tanha).<\/span><\/p>\nCh\u00fang ta<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, d\u00f9 cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span> bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t<\/span> n\u1ea7y, ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111i qua cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> n\u1ea7y, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee5p-gi\u1eef-l\u1ea5y h\u1ebft v\u1eadt-n\u1ea7y sang v\u1eadt-kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> an to\u00e0n<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> d\u00ednh m\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f2n d\u00ednh m\u1eafc v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd-ngh\u0129, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd-ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> chung quanh ch\u00fang ta<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\nSau \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng<\/span>, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0 x\u1eed<\/span> theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>, v\u00ec th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, b\u1edfi v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 mong \u0111\u1ee3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\nL\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt D\u1ea1y<\/span> v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, li\u00ean quan<\/span> ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd Th\u1ee9 Nh\u00ec n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n3) S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 C\u00c1CH CH\u1ea4M D\u1ee8T<\/span> S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (NIRHODHA):<\/span><\/p>\nL\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt D\u1ea1y<\/span> v\u1ec1 B\u1ed1n S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, v\u00e0 khi \u00f4ng cho toa thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/span>. S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd Th\u1ee9 Nh\u1ea5t cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta<\/span> b\u1ec7nh g\u00ec, v\u00e0 S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd Th\u1ee9 Nh\u00ec cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> g\u00e2y ra c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u1ea7y. S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd Th\u1ee9 Ba mang \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> ch\u1eefa d\u1ee9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u1ea7y.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp<\/span> si\u00eang n\u0103ng, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ham mu\u1ed1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\nTr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con chu\u1ed9t b\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea1y v\u00f2ng quanh b\u00e1nh xe kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, nay ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 r\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111u\u1ed5i vui th\u00edch<\/span> n\u1ea7y, v\u00e0 nay ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> (ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>). C\u00e1c b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> s\u1ed1ng trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n4) S\u1ef0 TH\u1eacT<\/span> V\u1ec0 CON \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG<\/span> GI\u1ea2I THO\u00c1T CH\u00daNG<\/span> TA KH\u1eceI S\u1ef0 \u0110AU KH\u1ed4<\/span> (MAGGA):<\/span><\/p>\nTrong S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd Th\u1ee9 T\u01b0, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span>, ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft toa thu\u1ed1c cho c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span>: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Con \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd C\u00f3 T\u00e1m Ph\u1ea7n (B\u00e1t Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>). Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00edch-l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00e0o khi ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ch\u1ec9 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span>, ph\u1ea3i h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span>, r\u1ed3i ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n \u0111i tr\u00ean Con \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Cao Qu\u00fd C\u00f3 T\u00e1m Ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\nThe Four Noble Truths<\/span><\/p>\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
The Buddha’s first sermon after his Enlightenment centered on the Four Noble Truths, which are the foundation of Buddhism. The truths are:<\/p>\n
1. THE TRUTH OF SUFFERING (DUKKHA)<\/p>\n
2. THE TRUTH OF THE CAUSE OF SUFFERING (SAMUDAYA)<\/p>\n
3. THE TRUTH OF THE END OF SUFFERING (NIRHODHA)<\/p>\n
4. THE TRUTH OF THE PATH THAT FREES US FROM SUFFERING (MAGGA)<\/p>\n
Let’s look at one truth at a time.<\/p>\n
1. THE TRUTH OF SUFFERING<\/span><\/p>\nThe First Noble Truth often is translated as “Life is suffering.” Many people new to Buddhism tune out as soon as they hear this.<\/p>\n
But the Pali word dukkha also refers to anything that is temporary, conditional, or compounded of other things. Even something precious and enjoyable is dukkha, because it will end.<\/p>\n
Related to the nature of life is the nature of self. Are we not also temporary, conditional and compounded of many parts? We can understand that life is impermanent but are we, also, impermanent? The Buddha taught that before we can understand life and death we must understand the self.<\/p>\n
2. THE TRUTH OF THE CAUSE OF SUFFERING<\/span><\/p>\nThe Second Noble Truth teaches that the cause of suffering is craving or thirst (tanha).<\/p>\n
We continually search for something outside ourselves to make us happy. But no matter how successful we are, we never remain satisfied.<\/p>\n
The Buddha taught that this thirst grows from ignorance of the self. We go through life grabbing one thing after another to get a sense of security about ourselves. We attach not only to physical things, but also to ideas and opinions about ourselves and the world around us.<\/p>\n
Then we grow frustrated when the world doesn’t behave the way we think it should and our lives don’t conform to our expectations.<\/p>\n
The Buddha’s teachings on karma and rebirth are closely related to the Second Noble Truth.<\/p>\n
3. THE TRUTH OF THE END OF SUFFERING<\/span><\/p>\nThe Buddha’s teachings on the Four Noble Truths are sometimes compared to a physician diagnosing an illness and prescribing a treatment. The first truth tells us what the illness is, and the second truth tells us what causes the illness. The Third Noble Truth holds out hope for a cure.<\/p>\n
The Buddha taught that through diligent practice, we can put an end to craving.<\/p>\n
Ending the hamster-wheel chase after satisfaction is enlightenment (bodhi, “awakened”). The enlightened being exists in a state called Nirvana.<\/p>\n
4. THE TRUTH OF THE PATH THAT FREES US FROM SUFFERING<\/span><\/p>\nIn the Fourth Noble Truth, the Buddha as physician prescribes the treatment for our illness: The Eightfold Path. Unlike in many other religions, in Buddhism there is no particular benefit to merely believing in a doctrine. Instead, the emphasis is on living the doctrine and walking the path.<\/p>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n[ad_2]Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"[ad_1] B\u1ed1n S\u1ef1 Th\u1eadt Cao Qu\u00fd\u00a0(The Four Noble Truths – Barbara O’Brien) Barbara O’BrienChuy\u1ec3n Ng\u1eef: Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn Sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7630,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-7629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7629"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7629\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7629"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=7629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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