{"id":7888,"date":"2020-12-06T22:37:40","date_gmt":"2020-12-06T15:37:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/06\/cac-phap-vao-dinh\/"},"modified":"2020-12-06T22:37:40","modified_gmt":"2020-12-06T15:37:40","slug":"cac-phap-vao-dinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/06\/cac-phap-vao-dinh\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p V\u00e0o \u0110\u1ecbnh"},"content":{"rendered":"

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C\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p V\u00e0o \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span>. Tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafc m\u1eafc, b\u00e0i n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n<\/span>, v\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u. Trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> kinh v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn, hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u00e1c ghi ch\u00fa cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span>, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ecdc<\/span>: c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin<\/span> ki\u00ean c\u1ed1<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eadn l\u1ef1c tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span>, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 th\u1ecbt da x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1t kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i trong Kinh MN 70 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin<\/span> ki\u00ean c\u1ed1<\/span>, d\u00f9 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u01b0a tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin<\/span> t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span>, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u00eca \u0111\u1eddi trong ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span> Ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> (qu\u1ea3 A La H\u00e1n<\/span>), ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 B\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n<\/span> (qu\u1ea3 B\u1ea5t lai<\/span>, hay A Na H\u00e0m<\/span>). H\u00e3y tin r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tr\u00edch b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span> l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1o S\u01b0<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u1ea5y, th\u1eddi t\u00f9y ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean: \u201cD\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n da, g\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1ea7u th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 m\u00e1u tr\u00ean th\u00e2n b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o, mong r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 tinh t\u1ea5n l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>, nh\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span> nh\u1eabn n\u1ea1i, nh\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span> tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span>, nh\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span> c\u1ea7n d\u00f5ng\u201d. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp<\/span> gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u1ea5y, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t trong hai qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau: Ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 d\u01b0 y, ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> B\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n<\/span><\/i>.” (1) <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng, ph\u1ea3i tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i tu trong t\u1eebng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat trong ng\u00e0y, tu trong t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i, hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> th\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u \u00fd<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa<\/span>, k\u1ec7 315 vi\u1ebft: Y h\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec, canh g\u00e1c trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 canh g\u00e1c ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00ecnh. Ch\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o tr\u00f4i qua<\/span> s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t\u2026<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ph\u1ea3i quan s\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc trong t\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t suy ngh\u0129<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb s\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n Ch\u00e1nh Ni\u1ec7m<\/span>, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u2013 th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>, v\u00e0o s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n\u2026 Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span>, ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> phong tr\u00e0o<\/span> d\u1ea1y Vipassana kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Ledi Sayadaw (1846-1923), t\u00ecm ra<\/span> ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n th\u00edch nghi<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh, \u0111\u1ec3 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n tu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> trong khi nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u0129<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh v\u00e0o Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Tuy ng\u00e0i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u1ec1 tu\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng trong Thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span> (Vipassana) t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 Mindfulness. Trong c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7<\/span> sau c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span> SN Goenka, ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y Vipassana ra to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao qu\u00fd ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh? B\u1edfi v\u00ec gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec<\/span> nh\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng v\u00ec hai th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (Tu \u0110\u00e0 Ho\u00e0n<\/span>, Tu \u0110\u00e0<\/span> H\u00e0m) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cLiberation – Relevance of Sutta-Vinaya<\/i>\u201d (2)<\/b> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> Dhammavuddho Thera c\u00f3 d\u1eabn l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c kinh MN43, SN 46.4.8, AN 10.75, AN 4.58, AN 5.41 cho th\u1ea5y th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> Tu \u0110\u00e0 Ho\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u00e2n c\u1eadn thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c<\/span>, l\u1eafng nghe Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> (l\u1eafng nghe, hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 nghe, \u0111\u1ecdc, nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm<\/span> kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>), Ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> (Paying proper attention or thorough consideration, ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, suy x\u00e9t<\/span> c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng<\/span>, nh\u01b0 l\u00fd t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>), si\u00eang tu h\u1ecdc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> c\u0169ng d\u1eabn ra c\u00e1c Kinh AN 3.85 v\u00e0 AN 9.12, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng hai th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 Gi\u1edbi to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o (Perfect Sila).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> Tu \u0110\u00e0 Ho\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3, theo ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span>, v\u00ec Kinh AN 3.9.85 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh v\u1ecb<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u1ecf. Kinh SN 55.3.4 d\u1eabn ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ng\u00e0i Sarakani, khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Sarakani \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> Tu \u0110\u00e0 Ho\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span> b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, v\u00ec Sarakani tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t\u00a0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi<\/span> u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> c\u0169ng d\u1eabn ra Kinh MN 14, k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i Mahanama, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span> Tu \u0110\u00e0<\/span> H\u00e0m (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t Lai<\/span>, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> n\u1eefa), tr\u00ecnh v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i khi trong t\u00e2m v\u1eabn kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ni\u1ec7m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> (tham s\u00e2n si<\/span>). \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> r\u1eb1ng b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tham s\u00e2n si<\/span> l\u00e0 sai, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n<\/span> b\u1edfi ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span>, tr\u1eeb phi<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> trong \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00e0: piti (delight, vui s\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nh\u1edd tu \u0111\u1ecbnh) v\u00e0 sukha (happiness, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0<\/span> trong b\u00e0i c\u0169ng d\u1eabn ra Kinh AN 5.3.26, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 N\u0103m Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t X\u1ee9<\/span>, cho bi\u1ebft<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span> A La H\u00e1n<\/span> qua m\u1ed9t trong 5 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t x\u1ee9<\/span>: 1. L\u1eafng nghe (hay h\u1ecdc) Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>; 2. Gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>; 3. T\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecdc Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>; 4. T\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>; 5. Thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng n\u00ean nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 hai Kinh AN 10.2, AN 11.2, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, c\u00e1c chi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e1c (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7) c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span>, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi th\u00e1nh v\u1ecb<\/span> A La H\u00e1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao, khi qu\u00fd ng\u00e0i Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o<\/span> to\u00e0n d\u00e2n tu Thi\u1ec1n<\/span> Vipassana, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp trung d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n? \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i trong nhi\u1ec1u kinh r\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0o s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span> (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c) s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y an l\u1ea1c<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn<\/span>. Trong s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, ni\u1ec1m vui h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c<\/span> tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eafm v\u00e0 xoa b\u1ed9t t\u1eafm tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> trong Kinh AN 5.28 r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span> s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y:<\/span><\/p>\n

“\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, T\u1ef7-kheo ly d\u1ee5c<\/span>… ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 an tr\u00fa<\/span> Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m, v\u1edbi t\u1ee9. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n<\/span>, t\u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n<\/span>, tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c<\/span> do ly d\u1ee5c<\/span> sanh, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c<\/span> do ly d\u1ee5c<\/span> sanh \u1ea5y th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n<\/span>.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span>, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u t\u1eafm hay \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> h\u1ea7u t\u1eafm, sau khi r\u1eafc b\u1ed9t t\u1eafm trong thau b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, li\u1ec1n nh\u1ed3i b\u1ed9t \u1ea5y v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ee5c b\u1ed9t t\u1eafm \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u01b0\u1edbc \u01b0\u1edbt, tr\u00e0o tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u01b0\u1edbt, th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ea3 trong l\u1eabn ngo\u00e0i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh gi\u1ecdt. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, v\u1ecb T\u1ef7-kheo th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n<\/span>, t\u1ea9m \u01b0\u1edbt, l\u00e0m cho dung m\u00e3n, tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00e2n n\u00e0y v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c<\/span> do ly d\u1ee5c<\/span> sanh, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c<\/span> do ly d\u1ee5c<\/span> sanh \u1ea5y th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n<\/span>.”<\/i> (3)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eeb v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, r\u1ed3i n\u00f3i\u00a0 g\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tung h\u00f4<\/span>, v\u00ec ni\u1ec1m vui trong s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span> (v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c) l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201ct\u1ea7m<\/i>\u201d trong gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0: thought<\/i> (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Bhikkhu Bodhi), directed thought<\/i> (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Thanissaro Bhikkhu), initial thinking<\/i> (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Leigh Brasington), applied thought<\/i> (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Henepola Gunaratana). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: ni\u1ec7m h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201ct\u1ee9<\/i>\u201d trong gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span> trong ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0: examination <\/i>(b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Bhikkhu Bodhi), evaluation<\/i> (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Thanissaro Bhikkhu), sustained thinking<\/i> (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Leigh Brasington), sustained thought <\/i>(b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Henepola Gunaratana). Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: ni\u1ec7m tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi danh t\u1eeb n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi t\u00e2m l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng, l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd<\/span>, c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e0n da tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> vui s\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span>, h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9t t\u1eafm xoa to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: qu\u00fd th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Leigh Brasington l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 theo h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, Sri Lanka\u2026 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> hai khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh trong Theravada — m\u1ed7i khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t t\u00f9y c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y, \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t:<\/span><\/p>\n

— d\u1ea1y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n theo Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ec1n Pa Auk Monastery (\u1edf Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n th\u1ea5t<\/span> k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng, v\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0a ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn<\/span> c\u00f2n kh\u00f3a 10 ng\u00e0y. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c \u0111\u0129a m\u00e0u kasina. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span> kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Ajahn Brahmayamso, h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Ajahn Chah \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ec1 \u00dac ch\u00e2u, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi Kinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

— d\u1ea1y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n theo c\u00e1c Kinh Pali, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u1eef Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Ayya Khema, d\u1ea1y v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span>, T\u00e2m T\u1eeb<\/span>, ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e9t (sweeping) tr\u00ean th\u00e2n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> l\u00e0 qu\u00fd th\u1ea7y Venerable Amathagavesi \u1edf Sri Lanka. Bhante Gunaratana,\u00a0 Thanissaro Bhikkhu\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch tu \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 qua Thi\u1ec1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> v\u00e0 qua Thi\u1ec1n T\u00e2m<\/span> T\u1eeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng T\u00e2m T\u1eeb<\/span> trong nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Y\u00eau Th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> hay B\u00e1c \u00c1i<\/span> trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i. Thi\u1ec1n T\u00e2m<\/span> T\u1eeb trong nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> tu kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hai khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng tu ch\u00ednh<\/span>, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 theo Kinh v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t theo Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o Lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> T\u00e2m T\u1eeb<\/span> do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y trong Kinh T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng<\/span> 46.64 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o l\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n T\u1ee9<\/span> Ni\u1ec7m X\u1ee9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00edch n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span> trong kinh \u201c64. T\u1eeb\u201d trong T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng<\/span> Gi\u00e1c Chi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00e0 n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Th\u00fa h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? T\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, T\u1ef7-kheo tu t\u1eadp<\/span> ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e1c chi<\/span> c\u00e2u h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u2026 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> x\u1ea3 gi\u00e1c chi<\/span> c\u00e2u h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1eeb, li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec5n ly<\/span>, li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ly tham<\/span>, li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>, h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span>. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n: \u201cTa s\u1ebd tr\u00fa v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> gh\u00ea t\u1edfm\u201d, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n: \u201cTa s\u1ebd tr\u00fa v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p gh\u00ea t\u1edfm\u201d, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n: \u201cTa s\u1ebd tr\u00fa v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> gh\u00ea t\u1edfm v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p gh\u00ea t\u1edfm\u201d, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n: \u201cTa s\u1ebd tr\u00fa v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p gh\u00ea t\u1edfm v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> gh\u00ea t\u1edfm\u201d, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm. N\u1ebfu v\u1ecb \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n: \u201cT\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 hai kh\u00f4ng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm v\u00e0 gh\u00ea t\u1edfm, ta s\u1ebd tr\u00fa x\u1ea3, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c\u201d, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tr\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>, hay \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y an tr\u00fa<\/span>. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, Ta tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ef7-kheo kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cao h\u01a1n.\u201d<\/i> (4)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m gi\u00e1c chi<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1eeb<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ly tham<\/span>, ly s\u00e2n, ly si.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> b\u1ea3n Kinh<\/span> r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: L\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o T\u1eeb Bi<\/span> d\u1eabn t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9\u2026 Kinh v\u1eeba n\u00eau l\u00e0 Mett\u0101 Sahagata Sutta. Piya Tan gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo Thanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ea1o Lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y trong kinh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u00f3m 5 t\u01b0\u1edfng trong t\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00ecnh \u01b0a th\u00edch<\/span> (th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>: g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef<\/span> xinh \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span>, nghe m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c \u01b0a th\u00edch\u2026), ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m, h\u01b0\u1edbng bao tr\u00f9m v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, hay qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 hai, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a (th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>: g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hung d\u1eef, hay \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 qu\u00e1 d\u1edf\u2026), ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n bao tr\u00f9m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hung h\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb<\/span>, hay xem k\u1ebb hung d\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i (th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>: \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00f3, l\u1eeda).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 ba, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu qu\u00e1n<\/span> bao tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3 xinh \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span> d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 hung h\u0103ng d\u1eef d\u1eb1n \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, hay xem ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>; do v\u1eady xem c\u1ea3 2 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1p gh\u00ea t\u1edfm\u201d (d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu qu\u00e1n<\/span> bao tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3 d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 hung d\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng T\u00e2m T\u1eeb<\/span> Bi, hay xem ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i; do v\u1eady xem c\u1ea3 2 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng gh\u00ea t\u1edfm\u201d (d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, tr\u00e1nh c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 hung d\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 khi xem s\u1eafc v\u1edbi m\u1eaft, nghe ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi tai, ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i v\u1edbi m\u0169i, n\u1ebfm v\u1ecb v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee1i, ch\u1ea1m x\u00fac v\u1edbi th\u00e2n, nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu kh\u00f4ng vui<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng bu\u1ed3n, duy ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef t\u00e2m x\u1ea3 trong t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi l\u00e0: c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n?<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Leigh Brasington (ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ayya Khema) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft (5)<\/b>, gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec1n th\u1ea5t<\/span> 9 ng\u00e0y trong n\u0103m 2002 do \u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> 9 ng\u00e0y, v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/span> h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n<\/span> ng\u1ed3i th\u1eb3ng l\u01b0ng, tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i<\/span>, th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span>. H\u00edt th\u1edf nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span>. C\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> n\u01a1i ch\u00f3p m\u0169i, ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0o h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> n\u01a1i ch\u00f3p m\u0169i. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m ch\u1ec7ch ra, h\u00e3y k\u00e9o tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> n\u01a1i ch\u00f3p m\u0169i. H\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/span> d\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, hay \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. Khi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> an l\u1ea1c<\/span>. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>, m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> (nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>) v\u00e0 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ecd an l\u1ea1c<\/span> n\u01a1i m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y ch\u00fa t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecm kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi n\u01a1i<\/span> kh\u00e1c, th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>, gi\u1eefa ng\u1ef1c hay tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i tr\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ecd an l\u1ea1c<\/span>. T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec h\u01a1n, d\u1ea7n d\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> an l\u1ea1c<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> s\u1ebd t\u1edbi, an l\u1ea1c<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn<\/span>. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u1edbi Kinh.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh AN 4.41, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u00edch b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, do tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, do l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u1ea1c tr\u00fa. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, do tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, do l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span>. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, do tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, do l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho sung m\u00e3n<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/i>.\u201d (6)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Piya Tan, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 4 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, an tr\u00fa<\/span> h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd (hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1c tr\u00fa<\/span>), l\u00e0 t\u1eadp cho b\u1ed1n t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n<\/span>, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> (bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 ba, l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> (quan s\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ecd sinh tr\u1ee5 d\u1ecb di\u1ec7t<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, quan s\u00e1t<\/span> sinh v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t trong 5 u\u1ea9n (s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. N\u00f3i v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>.\u00a0 Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span>, b\u00ean tai, v\u00e0 trong t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, l\u00e0 do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span>. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>: L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u00ean tai?<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> (Sariputta) trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u201cGuhatthaka-suttaniddeso: Upon the Tip of a Needle\u201d (7)<\/b> m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span> r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft qua c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc th\u1eddi gian<\/span>, y nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1eb7t l\u01a1 l\u1eedng<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u0169i kim.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span>, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u0103n xu\u00f4i<\/span> cho d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span>, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span>, ni\u1ec1m vui, n\u1ed7i \u0111au \u0111\u1ec1u bu\u1ed9c chung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00f4i \u0111i. Ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb phi nh\u01a1n<\/span> s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u t\u1edbi 84 ng\u00e0n t\u1ef7 n\u0103m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o trong t\u00e2m y h\u1ec7t nhau. C\u00e1i ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c u\u1ea9n, khi bi\u1ebfn \u0111i l\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Khi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c g\u00ec n\u1eefa<\/span>, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh ra; ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng. Khi \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u1ebft ngay khi t\u00e2m ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim. S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh<\/span>, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc tan r\u00e3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi ban s\u01a1<\/span>. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 khi ch\u00fang \u0111ang tr\u00f4i \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>. Y h\u1ec7t tia ch\u1edbp tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i bi\u1ebfn h\u1eb3n \u0111i.<\/i>\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft tin r\u1eb1ng, b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm<\/span>, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> d\u1eabn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh<\/span>, v\u00ec g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc, trong t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 khi\u00ean c\u01b0\u1ee1ng, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi n\u00e0o m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00ednh trong Th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> n\u00e0y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> hay Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hay Ng\u00e3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec g\u1ecdi g\u00ec c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi; nh\u01b0ng g\u1ecdi V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> s\u1ebd c\u1eadn ngh\u0129a nh\u1ea5t. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi n\u00e0o n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e3y th\u1eed h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111ang th\u1ea5y, \u0111ang nghe, \u0111ang bi\u1ebft, \u0111ang c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111ang ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span> nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu nh\u1ecf l\u01a1 l\u1eedng<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim. Th\u1eed nh\u00ecn tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> th\u1ebf, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean<\/span> b\u00e0i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh<\/span>: kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o l\u00e0 C\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n Kinh Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span>. Sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span>, nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm<\/span>, c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span>, s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u t\u1eebng d\u00f2ng Kinh Kim Cang<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 sau \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span> r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> qua 2 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c: Ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u qua b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c, d\u1ec7t l\u00ean b\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> m\u1eaft l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 c\u00e2y, l\u00e0 n\u00fai, l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng\u2026 nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 c\u00e2y, l\u00e0 n\u00fai, l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng\u2026 Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh ngo\u00e0i c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f2n nh\u00ecn qua c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft soi chi\u1ebfu 5 u\u1ea7n: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c u\u1ea9n (s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>) \u0111ang tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/span> xi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, v\u1ecb lai<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Ba th\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a. V\u00e0 h\u1ec5 m\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a do ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u00eau d\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00ean, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong c\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span> n\u1eefa. C\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span>, c\u00e1c Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Trung Hoa v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> \u01b0a n\u00f3i: H\u1ec5 m\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 tr\u1eadt r\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh SN 23.2 (8)<\/b>, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eadp cho tan v\u1ee1, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eadp cho v\u0103ng t\u1ee9 t\u00e1n, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eadp cho kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u00ec h\u1ebft ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n<\/span> s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> (smashing, scattering, & demolishing form (etc.) and making it unfit for play<\/i>) m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh<\/span> v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> Trung Qu\u00e1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>. \u0110\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> di\u1ec5n l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft qua \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim \u0111\u00f3 qua b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t<\/span>. B\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. B\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t d\u1ecb. B\u1ea5t lai<\/span> di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t kh\u1ee9. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch: Kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ed1n Ng\u1ed9<\/span>. Ngay khi th\u1ea5y t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c<\/span> g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i c\u1ea3 n\u0103m u\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u1eeb m\u1ea5t s\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1ea1nh. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Ng\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Tu Sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n T\u1ed5 S\u01b0<\/span> nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ng\u1ed9, nh\u1eb1m g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00f3a do t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ee7 l\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> qua th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng khi k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft<\/span> qua nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ng\u1ee1 l\u00e0 b\u00ed hi\u1ec3m<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i H\u01b0\u01a1ng Nghi\u00eam Tr\u00ed Nh\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u1ed9<\/span> khi nghe ti\u1ebfng vi\u00ean s\u1ecfi v\u0103ng v\u00e0o c\u00e2y tr\u00fac, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 do suy lu\u1eadn<\/span> g\u00ec. Hay nh\u01b0 khi ng\u00e0i Long \u0110\u00e0m th\u1ed5i t\u1eaft n\u1ebfn, ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c S\u01a1n li\u1ec1n ng\u1ed9 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft \u00fd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb tai, t\u1eeb m\u1eaft m\u00e0 v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ngay trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c u\u1ea9n, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> T\u1ef1 T\u00e2m<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn qua tai, qua m\u1eaft \u2013 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qua m\u00e0i gi\u0169a g\u00ec h\u1ebft. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 trong Kinh Bahiya Sutta, khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i Bahiya r\u1eb1ng h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe\u2026<\/i> v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0: ng\u00e0i Bahiya \u0111\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span> Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a<\/span> kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i Th\u1ea5y, ph\u1ea3i Nghe t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc c\u00e1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> T\u1ef1 T\u00e2m<\/span>, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb g\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc<\/span> ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u<\/span> l\u1ea7n trong nhi\u1ec1u kinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa<\/span>, k\u1ec7 92 vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng: B\u1eadc A La H\u00e1n<\/span> c\u00f3<\/i> m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00f5i sinh t\u1ed3n<\/span> n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. N\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, y h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 chim bay tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f2 ra d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft<\/i> (\u2026They have as their object liberation from existence, that is, Nibbana which is Void and Signless. Their destination, like the course of birds in the air, cannot be traced).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o T\u0103ng K\u1ec7<\/span> 1.92, c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u1edbi b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> kh\u00f4 c\u1ea1n, b\u1eadc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u1eafn b\u00f3<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/b>, n\u01a1i an tr\u00fa<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a r\u1ed7ng rang kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>: L\u1ed1i \u0111i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f3 d\u00f2 n\u1ed5i, y h\u1ec7t chim tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi.\u201d<\/i> (9)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m\u201d trong \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn tr\u00ean\u00a0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u00fd nh\u1eafc l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y trong Kinh AN 10.27 v\u00e0 Kinh SN 12.64 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tu<\/span> g\u00ec h\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n xa l\u00eca<\/span> th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/span> sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> (10)<\/b> l\u00e0 xong.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1<\/span> th\u00e2n v\u1ed1n xa l\u00eca<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span><\/i>. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec duy\u00ean v\u00e0o nhau, d\u1ee5c tham<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, m\u1edbi b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111ang ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft trong s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 duy\u00ean v\u00e0o nhau m\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9<\/span> l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim,<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng<\/span> Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> c\u00f3 g\u00ec li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> t\u1edbi b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i<\/span> Ph\u1ea5t? Th\u01b0a r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 y h\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u t\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Tu\u1ec7 Trung Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng S\u0129<\/span> (khi th\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim):<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u1ea5u<\/span> t\u1ecbnh; C\u1ea5u t\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5ng h\u01b0 danh. Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00f4 qu\u00e1i ng\u1ea1i<\/span>; H\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c h\u00e0 thanh.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u01a1 v\u1edbi s\u1ea1ch; D\u01a1 v\u1edbi s\u1ea1ch to\u00e0n l\u00e0 ch\u1eef r\u1ed7ng th\u00f4i. Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i; Chi m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5c v\u1edbi chi m\u00e0 trong.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong d\u00f2ng th\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Tu\u1ec7 Trung, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> g\u1eb7p ch\u1eef \u201cph\u00e1p th\u00e2n\u201d <\/i>sau khi ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng d\u01a1, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch. Ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u01a1, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch, ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span> hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u2013 Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n C\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n C\u1ee7a Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7<\/span>, v\u1ed1n xa l\u00eca<\/span> m\u1ecdi d\u01a1 s\u1ea1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i b\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u01a1 s\u1ea1ch?<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01a1i ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> 5 t\u01b0\u1edfng, khi m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi xinh x\u1eafn<\/span>, hay khi tai nghe \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c du d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026 nh\u01b0ng t\u1edbi Kinh SN 41.1, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh nguy\u00ean kh\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> nhau, v\u00ec m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc, v\u00e0 s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> v\u1edbi tai\u2026 Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n xa l\u00eca<\/span> m\u1ecdi tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span>, m\u1ecdi d\u01a1 s\u1ea1ch<\/i>. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m<\/span> linh tinh<\/span>, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00edch b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Kinh<\/span> SN 41.1 c\u1ee7a HT Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u2026con m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1eafc; c\u00e1c s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a con m\u1eaft. V\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, do duy\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai kh\u1edfi l\u00ean d\u1ee5c tham<\/span> g\u00ec, d\u1ee5c tham<\/span> \u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span>. C\u00e1i tai kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng \u2026 M\u0169i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2026 L\u01b0\u1ee1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u2026 Th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00fac \u2026 \u00dd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00fd.<\/i>\u201d [N\u1ed1i k\u1ebft b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 Anh \u1edf (11)]<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span>, c\u00f2n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span>, m\u1edbi t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng d\u01a1, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1-hi\u1ec7n-v\u1ecb lai.<\/span><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span>, Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng<\/span> truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/span> (Soto Zen).<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Th\u00e1nh Nghi\u00eam<\/span> (1930-2009) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 M\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfu thi\u1ec1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u00f4ng<\/span>, qua l\u1eddi cao \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0 Guo Gu n\u00f3i tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Lion’s Roar ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 8-2016, d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1ch to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n hay \u00fd. B\u1ea1n ng\u1ed3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 g\u00ec, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m<\/span>. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n<\/span>. Trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y, t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> — t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd<\/span>, t\u1ecf t\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/i>.\u201d (12)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eabn tr\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/i>\u201d \u2013 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> v\u00ec Thi\u1ec1n T\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1n ng\u1ed9<\/span>, th\u1ea5y ngay t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 xa l\u00eca<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>. V\u00ec h\u1ec5 ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i<\/span>, l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu s\u1ebd r\u01a1i kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i kim.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd th\u00edch nghi<\/span> v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi: d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> Kinh L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span>, n\u00ean t\u1eadp khi ng\u1ed3i. C\u00e1ch ng\u1ed3i kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ki\u1ebft gi\u00e0<\/span>, r\u1ed3i t\u1edbi b\u00e1n gi\u00e0; c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i ki\u1ec3u Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n (xem h\u00ecnh ng\u1ed3i qua https:\/\/images.google.com\/\u00a0 v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ch\u1eef \u201cBurmese posture\u201d). Hay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf, \u00e1p s\u00e1t hai b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Khi quen thu\u1ed9c<\/span> r\u1ed3i, n\u00ean t\u1eadp trong m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c m\u1edf m\u1eaft<\/span> lim dim<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00f3p m\u0169i, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. H\u00edt th\u1edf nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. Kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i<\/span> ch\u00fat g\u00ec. Sau nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eafng nghe, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1i kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111ang tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/span><\/b>. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nghe \u00e2m thanh<\/span> b\u00ean trong, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nghe \u00e2m thanh<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> l\u1eafng nghe, l\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe. C\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng c\u0169ng m\u1eb7c, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfng c\u0169ng m\u1eb7c. Ch\u1ec9 l\u1eafng nghe, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nghe b\u1eb1ng hai tai, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nghe b\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 nghe l\u00e0 nghe. L\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd<\/span>, t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>, l\u1eafng nghe, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec7ch m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n t\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>. Trong c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, v\u00ec \u00e2m thanh<\/span> tr\u00f4i \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec n\u00edu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u1ec5 kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m<\/span> ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i<\/span>, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1ea5t \u0111i c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe \u0111ang tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y<\/span>. Trong c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh<\/span>. Trong c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f4i\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u201d v\u00ec d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh<\/span> cu\u1ed1n ph\u0103ng h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 5 u\u1ea9n s\u1eafc th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c. Trong c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe, nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span>, nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span>, n\u00ean c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 sinh, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7t. Trong c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe, T\u1ee9 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>, b\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 an l\u1ea1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 Kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t Kh\u1ed5<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t (v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng), v\u00e0 do v\u1eady Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span> t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, s\u00f3ng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 s\u00f3ng (c\u0169ng nghi\u1ec7m ra Trung Qu\u00e1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>: Th\u1ecb c\u1ed1<\/span> tri Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, phi h\u1eefu<\/span> di\u1ec7c phi v\u00f4; nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng). Trong c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> c\u00e1c di\u1ec7u l\u00fd<\/span> trong Kinh Duy Ma C\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 Kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span>: th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> b\u1ea5t nh\u1ecb<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng hai) nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> xa l\u00eca<\/span> ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi ng\u1ed3i l\u1eafng nghe nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y an l\u1ea1c<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea7u\u00a0 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tay ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> t\u1eafm trong h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e1t. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 tu, v\u00ec h\u1ec5 ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i<\/span> hay m\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng l\u00e0 xa l\u00eca<\/span> c\u00e1i l\u1eafng nghe r\u1ed3i. Ph\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> trong c\u00e1i to\u00e0n\u00a0 th\u1ec3, kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 trong hay ngo\u00e0i. Trong ph\u00e1p l\u1eafng nghe n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 l\u1eafng nghe b\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1t th\u1ecbt da, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u00e0o \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u00f4ng<\/span>; n\u1ebfu kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ch\u1eef Ai, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u00e1p l\u1eafng nghe tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a L\u00e2m T\u1ebf T\u00f4ng<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1edb n\u00ean ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0i gi\u0169a g\u00ec, v\u00ec khi l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1i kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u00e2n<\/span> x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1t da th\u1ecbt<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i Bahiya, r\u1eb1ng trong c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p nghe c\u1ee7a Kinh L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam<\/span>, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, hi\u1ec3u ngay t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>, khi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n<\/span> c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>, minh b\u1ea1ch\u2026 kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/span>. V\u00e0 s\u1ebd h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

GHI CH\u00da:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)<\/b> Kinh MN 70: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/vn\/mn70<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)<\/b> Liberation – Relevance of Sutta-Vinaya: http:\/\/www.budsas.org\/ebud\/ebdha163.htm <\/span><\/p>\n

(3)<\/b> Kinh AN 5.28, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a HT Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/span>: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/vn\/an5.28<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)<\/b> <\/b>Kinh T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng<\/span> https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/vn\/sn46.64<\/span><\/p>\n

(5)<\/b> Instruction for Entering Jhana: http:\/\/www.leighb.com\/jhana3.htm<\/span><\/p>\n

(6)<\/b> Kinh AN 4.41: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/vn\/an4.41<\/span><\/p>\n

(7)<\/b> Guhatthaka-suttaniddeso: http:\/\/www.accesstoinsight.org\/tipitaka\/kn\/nm\/nm.2.04.olen.html<\/span><\/p>\n

(8)<\/b> Kinh SN 23.2: http:\/\/www.accesstoinsight.org\/tipitaka\/sn\/sn23\/sn23.002.than.html<\/span><\/p>\n

(9)<\/b> TLTK 1.92: The one whose defilements are dried up, Who\u2019s not attached to food, Whose resort is the liberation, That is signless and empty: Their track is hard to trace, Like that of birds in the sky<\/i>. Xem: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/en\/thag1.92<\/span><\/p>\n

(10)<\/b> <\/b>Ph\u00e1p M\u00f4n<\/span> \u0110\u1ecbnh V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/a28189\/phap-mon-dinh-vo-tuong<\/span><\/p>\n

(11)<\/b> Kinh SN 41.1, b\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch: https:\/\/suttacentral.net\/vn\/sn41.1<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Anh d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ni tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Uppalavanna: \u2026the eye is not the bond of forms and forms are not the bond of the eye, yet the interest and greed that arise on account of these two is the bond there. The ear is not the bond of sounds and sounds are not the bond of the ear, yet the interest and greed that arise on account of these two is the bond there… http:\/\/awake.kiev.ua\/dhamma\/tipitaka\/2Sutta-Pitaka\/3Samyutta-Nikaya\/Samyutta4\/40-Citta-Samyutta\/01-Cittavaggo-e.html<\/span><\/p>\n

(12)<\/b> B\u00e0i Kinh<\/span> Tu\u1ea5n M\u00e3: https:\/\/thuvienhoasen.org\/a25964\/bai-kinh-tuan-ma-va-thien-tong<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] C\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p V\u00e0o \u0110\u1ecbnh Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c B\u00e0i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7889,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-7888","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7888","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7888"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7888\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7889"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7888"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7888"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7888"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=7888"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}