{"id":8043,"date":"2020-12-08T00:38:04","date_gmt":"2020-12-07T17:38:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/08\/thuc-thu-tam-24\/"},"modified":"2020-12-08T00:38:04","modified_gmt":"2020-12-07T17:38:04","slug":"thuc-thu-tam-24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/08\/thuc-thu-tam-24\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m<\/span><\/p>\n


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Ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span>, Hannover, \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>
PL. 2549 – DL 2005<\/span>
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\"https:\/\/hoavouu.com\/p23a44473\/4\/Th\u1ee9c

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49\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kinh Lank\u00e2vat\u00e2ra-s\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

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100\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II- CH\u1ee8NG MINH<\/span> QUA NH\u1eeeNG TR\u01af\u1edcNG H\u1ee2P<\/span> C\u00d3 TH\u1ec2<\/span><\/p>\n

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102\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B- Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Edgar Cayce<\/span><\/p>\n

103\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C- T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng sinh l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

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123\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

136\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 III-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

139\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> V\u00e3ng Quan<\/span><\/p>\n

150\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Tam Th\u1ebf<\/span> L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Tr\u00f9ng Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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153\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theo Trung Qu\u00e1n lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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160\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t trong nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

175\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

194\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Vai tr\u00f2<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

208\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/span><\/p>\n

227\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 F-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p theo lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

234\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 G-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nghi\u1ec7p theo Trung Qu\u00e1n lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

246\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H-\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p theo lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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285\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 S\u00c1U NH\u00c2N<\/span><\/p>\n

287\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

288\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00e2u H\u1eedu Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/p>\n

289 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

289\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

290\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

291\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 F-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

292\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 B\u1ed0N DUY\u00caN<\/span><\/p>\n

292\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa 4 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 10 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

295\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa 10 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 24 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

297\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa 24 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 4 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

300\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

312\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 III-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 N\u0102M QU\u1ea2<\/span><\/p>\n

313\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

314\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1eb3ng L\u01b0u Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

314\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

314\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

315\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ly H\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

316\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IV-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u1ed0N QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A H\u1eecU B\u1ed8<\/span><\/p>\n

316\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 An L\u1eadp<\/span> Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

316\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gia H\u1ea1nh Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

316\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span> Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

318\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tu T\u1eadp<\/span> Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

319\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00c2M B\u1ea4T T\u01af\u01a0NG \u01afNG H\u00c0NH<\/span> PH\u00c1P<\/span><\/p>\n

320\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theo lu\u1eadn b\u1ed9 Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

323\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theo lu\u1eadn b\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n

326\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

332\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> Quan v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa T\u00e2m<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

335\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CH\u01af\u01a0NG S\u00c1U<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *S\u1ef0 PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I C\u00c1C PH\u00c1P, \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG BI\u1ec2U BI\u1ec6T C\u1ee6A<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/span><\/p>\n

335\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00dd NGH\u0128A<\/span> CH\u1eee \u201cPH\u00c1P\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

337\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M V\u1ec0 S\u1ef0 PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I<\/span><\/p>\n

338\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 III-\u00a0\u00a0 NH\u1eacN X\u00c9T<\/span> V\u1ec0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P<\/span> PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I<\/span><\/p>\n

341\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IV-\u00a0\u00a0 NH\u1eeeNG PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I TI\u00caU BI\u1ec2U<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

343\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u01b0\u1eddi hai X\u1ee9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

343\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m Gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

344\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hai C\u0103n<\/span><\/p>\n

345\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

348\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 E-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

350\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 F-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u1ed9t Tr\u0103m Ph\u00e1p\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

355\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CH\u01af\u01a0NG B\u1ea2Y<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *NH\u1eeeNG THU\u1ed8C T\u00cdNH C\u1ee6A TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/span><\/p>\n

355\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00cdNH THI\u1ec6N<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

355\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> lu\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

357\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

358\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/p>\n

361\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> trong T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

364\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00cdNH B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

364\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

366\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00ednh b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> Pali<\/span><\/p>\n

369\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

370\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

374\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 III-\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00cdNH KH\u00d4NG<\/span> THI\u1ec6N KH\u00d4NG \u00c1C<\/span><\/p>\n

379\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CH\u01af\u01a0NG T\u00c1M<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *BA T\u1ef0 T\u00c1NH<\/span> V\u00c0 BA V\u00d4 T\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

379\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BA T\u1ef0 T\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

386\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong lu\u1eadn Vijn\u00e3na M\u00e2tra-siddhi Trimsati Castra\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Karika<\/span><\/p>\n

386\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

398\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong kinh Sandhinirmona-s\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

402\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong kinh Lank\u00e2vat\u00e2ra-s\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

404\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 BA V\u00d4 T\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

404\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong lu\u1eadn Vijn\u00e3na M\u00e2tra-siddhi Trimsati Castra<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Karika<\/span><\/p>\n

408\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

411\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong kinh Sandhinirmonas\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

411\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong kinh Lank\u00e2vat\u00e2ra-s\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

457\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CH\u01af\u01a0NG CH\u00cdN<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *H\u00c0NH TR\u00ccNH CHUY\u1ec4N TH\u1ee8C TH\u00c0NH TR\u00cd<\/span><\/p>\n

457\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0I-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca T\u01af L\u01af\u01a0NG<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

460\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca GIA H\u1ea0NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

464\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 III-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca TH\u00d4NG \u0110\u1ea0T<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

467\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IV-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca TU T\u1eacP<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

484\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca C\u1ee8U C\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

491\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CH\u01af\u01a0NG M\u01af\u1edcI<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *THAY L\u1edcI K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

491\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 I-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u0128NH L\u1eb6NG<\/span><\/p>\n

495\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 II-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u1ed8T L\u1ed0I NH\u00ccN<\/span><\/p>\n

495\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 *PH\u1ee4 TRANG<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TI\u1ec2U S\u1eec<\/span> T\u00c1C GI\u1ea2<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0
<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1edcI GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m hay A L\u1ea1i Ya l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7<\/span> trong 8 th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1ef1u chung th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0: N\u0103ng t\u00e0ng, S\u1edf t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 Ng\u00e3 \u00e1i<\/span> ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: Hay ch\u1ee9a, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 y\u00eau th\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee9a c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c. C\u00e1c \u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span> khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i k\u00edch th\u00edch<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> v\u1eabn t\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9a n\u01a1i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng do b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i k\u00edch th\u00edch<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, r\u1ed3i hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong. R\u1ed3i c\u1ea3 2 thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> \u1ea5y d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> hay ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn. Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra, th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y t\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0o c\u00e1i \u0111\u00fang, c\u00e1i sai \u1ea5y; n\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 \u00e1i<\/span> ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u0169ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, l\u00e0 \u00f4ng vua c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong 7 th\u1ee9c kia. Ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u1ebfu tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>. C\u00f2n th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y (M\u1ea1t Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> = Th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eef) s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Di\u1ec7u Quan S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129, t\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c<\/span> s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span>. C\u00f3 tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> 4 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u1ebf gian<\/span> n\u1ea7y. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu kh\u01a1i d\u1eady ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> thi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 c\u1ee9 m\u00e3i g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u1ee9 m\u00e3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u00e1c; m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t m\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf l\u1ea5n m\u00e3i n\u01a1i m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m n\u1ea7y th\u00ec c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb. N\u1ebfu ta m\u00ea th\u00ec m\u00ecnh m\u00e3i m\u00e3i<\/span> v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m phu<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ta t\u1ec9nh th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh A La H\u00e1n<\/span>, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, A La H\u00e1n<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>; nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a; c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb m\u00e2y m\u00f9 che ph\u1ee7. Do v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n v\u00e9n b\u1ee9c m\u00e0n v\u00f4 minh<\/span> sanh t\u1eed<\/span> n\u1ea7y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/span> \u0111ang che khu\u1ea5t<\/span> m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Xin m\u1eddi qu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u00e3y s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Su\u1ed1t g\u1ea7n 10 n\u0103m nay Ti\u1ebfn S\u0129<\/span> L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n<\/span> “Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m” n\u1ea7y. \u0110a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o<\/span> xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf \u00dac, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u01b0u t\u00e2m<\/span>. Tuy ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a<\/span> r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 khan. V\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n si\u00eau tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, ch\u1ebb t\u00e2m ra h\u1eb1ng tr\u0103m m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 cho t\u1ecf r\u00f5<\/span> ng\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a sanh t\u1eed<\/span>. Do v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> l\u1eafm m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh h\u1ed9i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nay th\u00ec t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> g\u1ee3i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh<\/span> s\u00e1ch. Do v\u1eady nh\u00e2n m\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n<\/span> v\u00e0 Vu Lan n\u0103m 2549 (2005) n\u1ea7y ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> – Trung T\u00e2m<\/span> V\u0103n H\u00f3a<\/span> X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> t\u1ea1i C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a Li\u00ean Bang<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 g\u1edfi th\u01b0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u1ea5n t\u1ed1ng g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00fd \u0110\u1ea1o H\u1eefu<\/span> xa g\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9<\/span>. Xin \u0111a t\u1ea1<\/span> t\u1ea5m th\u1ea1nh t\u00ecnh n\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd<\/span> Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed<\/span> g\u1ea7n xa, \u0111\u00e3 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u00edch<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00edch \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5n t\u1ed1ng n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh Kim Cang<\/span> Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt gi\u00e0u c\u00f3<\/span>, c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y ba l\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00e1ng, tr\u01b0a v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c<\/span> ng\u1ecdc ng\u00e0 ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Tu Di<\/span> \u0111em ra b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> su\u1ed1t n\u0103m n\u1ea7y th\u00e1ng n\u1ecd, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd tr\u00ec<\/span> 4 c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 trong kinh Kim Cang<\/span>; ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3<\/span> khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u1ecd tr\u00ec<\/span>, th\u00ec c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ea5p tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span> tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3; nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> in \u1ea5n kinh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>, tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, th\u00ec c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i t\u1eeb l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 T\u1ed5 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>; n\u00ean m\u1ed7i n\u0103m ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 Trung T\u00e2m<\/span> V\u0103n H\u00f3a<\/span> X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> mang \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0103n tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7y s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> mi\u00ean vi\u1ec5n<\/span> v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> gian nh\u1eb1m trang tr\u1ea3i t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> t\u00e2m v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xin qu\u00fd v\u1ecb m\u1edf s\u00e1ch ra v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> t\u1eebng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n m\u00f9a An C\u01b0<\/span> Ki\u1ebft H\u1ea1<\/span> <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt l\u1ecbch 2549 – 2005 (\u1ea4t D\u1eadu) t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> Hannover, \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00edch Nh\u01b0 \u0110i\u1ec3n <\/b>k\u00ednh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng<\/span>
Ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>
PL. 2549 – DL 2005<\/span>
—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n


L\u1edcI GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u00e2n l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u1ed7i b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Manovijnana) trong s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00eam th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m thay v\u00ec s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> r\u00f5 \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, M\u1ea1t-na th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Manavijnana) v\u00e0 A-l\u1ea1i-da th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Alayavijnana). Trong \u0111\u00f3 A-l\u1ea1i-da th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span>, c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng Duy th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span>, Duy th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> (Vijnaptimatravada hay Dharmalaksana hay Yogacara) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb sau th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 I T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch v\u1edbi hai b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> l\u00e0 kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> (Lankavatara sutra) v\u00e0 kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span> (Sandhinirmocana sutra). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> (Vasubandhu) t\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (Vijnaptimatrata sastra) v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai b\u1ed9 Duy Th\u1ee9c Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> (Vijnaptimatrasiddhi-vimsakakarika) v\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp Lu\u1eadn T\u1ee5ng<\/span> (Vijnaptimatradiddhi-trimsikakarika). V\u1ec1 sau ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch kinh<\/span> Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean ra H\u00e1n ng\u1eef r\u1ed3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>, tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span>, l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u00f4ng Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ph\u00e1p T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ra nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c<\/span>. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c s\u1edb lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u00e1m Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa<\/span>, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u00f4n t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u201cTh\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m\u201d c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ebfn S\u0129<\/span> L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0-T\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, qua nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u00e0 b\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>. L\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a 12 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Nh\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u00e0 Anh ng\u1eef v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o, TS L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0-T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span> uy t\u00edn<\/span>. N\u0103m 2005, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda<\/span> Th\u00edch Nh\u01b0 \u0110i\u1ec3n, Vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7<\/span> ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m<\/span> V\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/span> X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> t\u1ea1i Hannover (C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a li\u00ean bang<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c) \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u1ea7y. Li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> g\u1ed3m 10 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ng\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c A-L\u1ea1i-Da, k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn<\/span> kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a A-L\u1ea1i-Da, li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>, nh\u00e2n, duy\u00ean, qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> cho A-L\u1ea1i-da. T\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i<\/span> tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> A-L\u1ea1i-da b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch x\u1ee9, gi\u1edbi, c\u0103n, v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, n\u00eau ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a A-l\u1ea1i-da. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3n l\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span>, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span>, t\u1ee9c Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7<\/span> Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, C\u0169ng l\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>, l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdn ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span>, t\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> di\u1ec7u ngh\u0129a KH\u00d4NG<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> \u201cTh\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span>, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> cho nh\u1eefng ai h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tu Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0-T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda<\/span> Th\u00edch Nh\u01b0 \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai v\u1ecb hoan h\u1ef7<\/span> ch\u1eadp thu\u1eadn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u1ea5n t\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ea7n in c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea1i Hannover, \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c. (\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span>, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> d\u00e0nh kho\u1ea3ng 300 b\u1ea3n \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh<\/span>, nh\u1eb1m gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span> t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i).<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau c\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n<\/span> t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda<\/span> Th\u00edch Nh\u01b0 \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 k\u00ednh mong ch\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> c\u00f9ng hoan h\u1ef7<\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ecbnh x\u00e1 Trung T\u00e2m<\/span>,<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ea1nh \u0110\u00f4ng<\/span> B\u00ednh Tu\u1ea5t 2006<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda<\/span> TH\u00cdCH GI\u00c1C TO\u00c0N\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CU\u1ed8C S\u1ed0NG K\u1ef2 DI\u1ec6U<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ednh t\u1eb7ng<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0-T\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ta sinh ra,<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1edbn l\u00ean…v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111i…<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta h\u00edt v\u00e0o<\/span> th\u1edf ra<\/span>,<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i im l\u1eb7ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4i! K\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ea7ng s\u00e1ng linh quang<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4i! K\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span> ta,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0a ta \u0111i…<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n!<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n y\u00eau<\/span> \u2013 Xu\u00e2n 2007<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u00ea H\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

***<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG M\u1ed8T<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M L\u00c0 G\u00cc<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

I- NGU\u1ed2N G\u1ed0C<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1eeaA<\/span> TR\u0102M PH\u00c1P c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> (Vasubandhu) B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f3 hai b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> ng\u00f4n : \u201cNh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p<\/span> V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3\u201d. H\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p<\/span>. V\u00e2n h\u00e0<\/span> vi v\u00f4 ng\u00e3\u201d. (Nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i : \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3\u201d. V\u1eady c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p\u201d. V\u00e0 sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cV\u00f4 Ng\u00e3\u201d?).<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p<\/span> gi\u1ea3, L\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eefu ng\u0169 ch\u1ee7ng: Nh\u1ee9t gi\u1ea3 T\u00e2m Ph\u00e1p<\/span>, nh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3<\/span> T\u00e2m S\u1edf H\u1eefu Ph\u00e1p<\/span>, tam gi\u1ea3<\/span> S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span>, t\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3<\/span> T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p, ng\u0169 gi\u1ea3 V\u00f4<\/span> Vi Ph\u00e1p\u201d. (N\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 n\u0103m m\u00f3n : 1\/ T\u00e2m Ph\u00e1p<\/span> (c\u00f3 8 m\u00f3n). 2\/ T\u00e2m S\u1edf H\u1eefu Ph\u00e1p<\/span> (c\u00f3 51 m\u00f3n). 3\/ S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> (c\u00f3 11 m\u00f3n). 4\/ T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> (c\u00f3 24 m\u00f3n). 5\/ V\u00f4 Vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span> (c\u00f3 6 m\u00f3n). T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 100 ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef PH\u00c1P (nh\u1eadm tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> qu\u1ec9 sanh v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i) l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 khu\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> ta m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00d4 NG\u00c3<\/span> ?<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i V\u00d4 NG\u00c3<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> hai m\u00f3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 NH\u01a0N V\u00d4 NG\u00c3<\/span> v\u00e0 PH\u00c1P V\u00d4 NG\u00c3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n, t\u00e2m n\u1ea7y th\u1eadt l\u00e0 M\u00ccNH, l\u00e0 TA, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 NH\u01a0N NG\u00c3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt quanh ta nh\u01b0 n\u00fai, s\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc v.v… l\u00e0 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 PH\u00c1P NG\u00c3<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng theo lu\u1eadt v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> l\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 NH\u01a0N v\u00e0 PH\u00c1P \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd b\u0103ng ho\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n<\/span> v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> n\u00ean trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> n\u00f3i \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Nh\u01a1n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- T\u00caN G\u1eccI<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1m m\u00f3n T\u00e2m V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m Ph\u00e1p<\/span> (Citta, Mind):<\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Consciousness dependent upon Sight).<\/span><\/p>\n

2\/ Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Consciousness dependent upon Sound).<\/span><\/p>\n

3\/ T\u1ef7 Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Consciouness dependent upon Smell).<\/span><\/p>\n

4\/ Thi\u1ec7t Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Consciousness dependent upon Taste).<\/span><\/p>\n

5\/ Th\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Consciousness dependent upon Touch).<\/span><\/p>\n

6\/ \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Consciouness dependent upon mentation).<\/span><\/p>\n

7\/ M\u1ea1t Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Klista-mano vijnana) (Soiled mind consciousness).<\/span><\/p>\n

8\/ A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c (Alya vijnana) (Repository consciousness).<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo s\u1ef1 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ghi tr\u00ean TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c trong T\u00e1m M\u00f3n T\u00e2m V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y theo<\/span> t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG HAI <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG T\u00caN G\u1eccI C\u1ee6A TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

I- T\u00c2M (CITTA)<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 quy\u1ec3n L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 Kinh<\/span> Ch\u00fa n\u00eau ra hai t\u00e2m: H\u00e3m L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> (t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>) v\u00e0 Ch\u1ea5t \u0110a<\/span> T\u00e2m (l\u1ef1 tri t\u00e2m). Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/span> n\u00eau ra 3 t\u00e2m: Ch\u1ea5t \u0110a<\/span> T\u00e2m, H\u0103n L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m (th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c<\/span> t\u00e2m), Hi L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m (t\u00ednh t\u1eadp tinh y\u1ebfu t\u00e2m). \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt Kinh S\u1edb<\/span> n\u00eau ra 2 t\u00e2m: Ch\u1ea5t \u0110a<\/span> T\u00e2m v\u00e0 C\u00e1n L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m. C\u00e1n L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 2 ngh\u0129a: Nh\u1ee5c \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n Th\u1ef1c<\/span> T\u00e2m. Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> Thu\u1eadt K\u00fd v\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Khu Y\u1ebfu, t\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p<\/span> T\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00eau ra 3 t\u00e2m: Ch\u1ea5t \u0110a<\/span> (T\u00e2m), M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> (\u00dd), T\u00ec Nh\u00e3 \u0110\u1ec3 (th\u1ee9c). T\u00f4ng K\u00ednh L\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u00eau ra 4 t\u00e2m: H\u1ed9t L\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 T\u00e2m (nh\u1ee5c \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m<\/span>), Duy\u00ean L\u1ef1 T\u00e2m<\/span>, Ch\u1ea5t \u0110\u00e0 T\u00e2m, Ki\u1ec1n L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m (ki\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u00e2m<\/span>). Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span> Ph\u00e1p S\u1ed1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 19 n\u00eau ra 4 t\u00e2m: Nh\u1ee5c \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00e2m<\/span>, Duy\u00ean L\u1ef1 T\u00e2m<\/span>, T\u00edch T\u1ee5<\/span> T\u00ednh Y\u1ebfu T\u00e2m, Ki\u00ean Th\u1ef1c T\u00e2m<\/span>. T\u00f3m k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 6 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m:<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Nh\u1ee5c \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00e2m<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1ee5c \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00e2m<\/span>, theo ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u0169 l\u00e0 Can L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span>, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 K\u1ef7 L\u00ed \u0110\u00e0 Da. Nh\u1ee5c \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00e2m<\/span> (t\u00e2m c\u1ee5c th\u1ecbt) l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 tim ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1eadt T\u00f4ng<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e2m hoa<\/span> sen, t\u00e1m c\u00e1nh kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a n\u1edf. C\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ea3o m\u1ed9c<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt n\u00ean c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 X\u1eed Trung T\u00e2m<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 2 trong Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/span>, l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Can L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m trong \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt Kinh S\u1edb<\/span>, l\u00e0 T\u00e2m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong T\u00f4ng K\u00ednh L\u1ee5c<\/span>, Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span> Ph\u00e1p S\u1ed1<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt Kinh S\u1edb<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 3 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u00edch<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 3.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- T\u1eadp Kh\u1edfi<\/span> T\u00e2m:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eadp Kh\u1edfi<\/span> T\u00e2m l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u1ee9c A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c v\u00ec t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sinh Kh\u1edfi<\/span> T\u00e2m. Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ea5t \u0110a<\/span>. Thuy\u1ebft V\u1ea1n Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p T\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00f4ng<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span>. (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> q.3; Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Thu\u1eadt K\u00fd q.3; T\u00f4ng K\u00ednh L\u1ee5c<\/span> q.4).<\/span><\/p>\n

C- T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> T\u00e2m:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> T\u00e2m t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n l\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na<\/span>, d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00dd; ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u01b0 l\u1ef1<\/span>; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Duy\u00ean L\u1ef1 T\u00e2m<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Duy\u00ean L\u1ef1 T\u00e2m<\/span> c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u1ef1 tr\u00ed t\u00e2m<\/span>, li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u00e2m. T\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u00e2m n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> n\u0103ng duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u1edbi Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. T\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean Thai<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi Nh\u0129<\/span> \u00c2m V\u1ecdng<\/span> Ch\u1ec9 T\u00e2m (c\u00e1i t\u00e2m \u00e2m v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u1ecfn con). \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2m<\/span> trong Nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2m Tam Qu\u00e1n<\/span>. (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/span> q.1). Ph\u00e1p T\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00f4ng<\/span> g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 T\u1ef3 Nh\u00e3 \u0110\u1ebf trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, danh t\u1eeb g\u1ecdi ri\u00eang cho 6 th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 \u00dd<\/span> th\u1ee9c, nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

E- Ki\u00ean Th\u1ef1c T\u00e2m<\/span>: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ki\u00ean Th\u1ef1c T\u00e2m<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e2m ki\u00ean c\u1ed1<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng sinh ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m<\/span>, Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng T\u00e2m<\/span>, l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span>. T\u00e2m bao qu\u00e1t c\u1ea3 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> (t\u1ed5ng cai v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m<\/span>, nh\u01b0 trong kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span> n\u00f3i). Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn Lu\u1eadn<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2m<\/span> trong nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m nh\u1ecb m\u00f4n<\/span>. (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 Kinh<\/span> Ch\u00fa, T\u00f4ng K\u00ednh L\u1ee5c<\/span>, Tam T\u1ea1ng<\/span> Ph\u00e1p S\u1ed1<\/span>, L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 Kinh<\/span>, T\u00f4ng K\u00ednh L\u1ee5c<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

F- T\u00edch T\u1ee5<\/span> T\u00ednh Y\u1ebfu T\u00e2m: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ee5 h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y m\u1ecdi y\u1ebfu ngh\u0129a trong c\u00e1c kinh. Nh\u01b0 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 T\u00e2m Kinh<\/span> t\u00edch t\u1ee5<\/span> ph\u1ea7n tinh y\u1ebfu trong 600 quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 T\u00e2m th\u1ee9 3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a C\u00e1n L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> T\u00e2m trong \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt Kinh S\u1edb<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 Hi L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi C\u0103n L\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nh\u1ee5c \u0110o\u00e0n T\u00e2m<\/span> (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt Kinh S\u1edb<\/span> q.17, Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/span> q.2).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span>: \u201cNh\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01a1n d\u1ee5c li\u1ec5u tri<\/span>. Tam th\u1ebf<\/span> nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf Ph\u1eadt. \u01afng qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> gi\u1edbi t\u00e1nh. Nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ebft duy t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ea1o\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f2n n\u00f3i: \u201cTam gi\u1edbi duy t\u00e2m<\/span>, v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> duy th\u1ee9c\u201d, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> tr\u00ean. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 T\u00c2M v\u00ec c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian<\/span>, xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ph\u00e0m phu<\/span>, Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1i T\u00c2M n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> ch\u1eef t\u00e2m c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ Ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2\/ Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3\/ Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> T\u00c2M c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t gieo tr\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00e2m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t gieo h\u1ea1t. M\u1ecdi h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y. T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0, To\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u1ea5y\u201d (h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>) (Th\u00edch Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kinh \u0110\u1ecba T\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u0169ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00c2M nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t (\u0110\u1ecba l\u00e0 b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc, T\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ee7) gieo tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

G- C\u00e1c Kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span>: \u201cHuy\u1ec5n t\u00f9ng gi\u00e1c sinh, huy\u1ec5n di\u1ec7t gi\u00e1c vi\u00ean<\/span>, gi\u00e1c t\u00e2m\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>: \u201cPh\u1eadt t\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1c<\/span> ng\u00e3 t\u1ecbnh\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam<\/span>: \u201cB\u1ea3y ch\u1ed7 g\u1ea1n t\u00e2m, m\u01b0\u1eddi phen ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh th\u1ea5y, th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh<\/span> nguy\u00ean minh<\/span>, t\u00ednh t\u1ecbnh minh th\u1ec3, tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> l\u1eadp tr\u00ed, t\u1ee9c v\u00f4 minh<\/span> b\u1ea3n, tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00f4 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, t\u01b0 t\u1ee9c Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span>: \u201cTam gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1 ph\u00e1p, duy th\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1eafc. T\u00e2m nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng h\u1ecda s\u01b0, h\u1ecda ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng th\u1ebf gian<\/span>. \u01afng qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> gi\u1edbi t\u00e1nh, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> duy t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ea1o\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span>: \u201cN\u0103m Ph\u00e1p, Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00ednh<\/span>, T\u00e2m Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, hai V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>, Th\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> T\u1ef1 Gi\u00e1c\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh A H\u00e0m<\/span>: \u201cT\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ecbnh, tu\u1ec7\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa<\/span>: \u201cT\u00e2m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span>, t\u00e2m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHam mu\u1ed1n sinh lo, ham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> sinh s\u1ee3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u00f3 lo s\u1ee3 g\u00ec!\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span>: \u201cPh\u1eadt Tri Ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span>: \u201cB\u00e1t nh\u00e3 t\u00e2m, v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>, v\u00f4 tr\u1ee5<\/span>, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00f4 tr\u00fa<\/span> sinh t\u00e2m, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

II- A L\u1ea0I YA (ALAYA) TH\u1ee8C <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> THE VINAPTIM\u00c3TRA-T\u00c3SIDDHI-TRIMSIK\u00c3 c\u1ee7a Vasubanddhu t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 DUY TH\u1ee8C TAM TH\u1eacP T\u1ee4NG<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya, (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0) D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span>, Nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7ng. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft s\u1ef1 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 (ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span>), k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> (x\u1ee9), v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> (li\u1ec5u). T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u0103m m\u00f3n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 X\u00fac, T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span>, Th\u1ecd, T\u01b0\u1edfng, v\u00e0 T\u01b0. Trong n\u0103m m\u00f3n Th\u1ecd (l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd<\/span>, L\u1ea1c th\u1ecd<\/span>, \u01afu th\u1ecd<\/span>, H\u1ef7 th\u1ecd<\/span>, X\u1ea3 th\u1ecd<\/span>) th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi X\u1ea3 th\u1ecd<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh v\u00f4 ph\u00fa v\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed trong th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> A La H\u00e1n<\/span> m\u1edbi x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf (c\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edbng hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>)\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> nh\u01b0 tham, s\u00e2n, si… che l\u1ea5p<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00ednh v\u00f4 ph\u00fa (kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb che l\u1ea5p<\/span> hay l\u00e0m d\u01a1 b\u1ea9n<\/span>), \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> khi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ebfng g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0ng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec mi\u1ebfng g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ghi l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> \u201cv\u00f4 k\u00fd \u201c trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alaya l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c ch\u1eef Sanskrit ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. V\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 ba ngh\u0129a:<\/span><\/p>\n

A\/ Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i kho c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9a l\u00faa (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 N\u0103ng T\u00e0ng).<\/span><\/p>\n

B\/ Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1i kho, ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1edf T\u00e0ng).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\/ Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 canh gi\u1eef<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y xem th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd mu\u1ed1n r\u1eddi xa (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u00e3 \u00c1i<\/span> Ch\u1ea5p T\u00e0ng) .<\/span><\/p>\n

III- D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C TH\u1ee8C<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> (ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u00f3) v\u00e0 T\u00e2n Hu\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> (ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> m\u1edbi sanh) nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> V\u1ed1n C\u00f3:<\/b>T\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u1ee9 sanh<\/span>, ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n<\/span>, th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb x\u1ee9<\/span>, th\u1eadp b\u00e1t gi\u1edbi<\/span> trong D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i, ph\u00e1p nh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u00f3, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> y theo<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 ch\u00f9m tr\u00e1i \u00e1c xoa<\/span>, ph\u00e1p nh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u00f3. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> M\u1edbi Sanh:<\/b>T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i do th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> y theo<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>. C\u00e1c lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng n\u00f3i ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> do ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> do hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00ean (II) c\u00f3 t\u1eeb D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C<\/span>. V\u1eady D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec ? D\u1ecb l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi gian<\/span>, c\u00f2n Th\u1ee5c c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00edn.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec ch\u1eef D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f3 ba ngh\u0129a:<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3 \u1ed5i t\u1eeb khi sinh ra \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00edn ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3 \u1ed5i khi xanh th\u00ec ch\u00e1t, khi ch\u00edn th\u00ec ng\u1ecdt, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng \u1ed5i xanh ch\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> th\u00e0nh lo\u1ea1i \u1ed5i ch\u00edn ng\u1ecdt.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1ed5i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, khi c\u00f2n non th\u00ec \u1ed5i nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1eadm, \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00edn th\u00ec tr\u00e1i \u1ed5i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u00e0 m\u00e0u l\u1ea1i tr\u1eafng \u1eedng h\u1ed3ng. Hay nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i khi c\u00f2n non th\u00ec m\u00e0u xanh, \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00edn m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> th\u00e0nh v\u00e0ng ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> trong T\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> khi kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\ufffd\ufffdng ta \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecd th\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Jean Paul Sarte (1905-1980) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e2u n\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y (Kim Cang<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eadu<\/span> D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng).<\/span><\/p>\n

IV- NH\u1ee8T TH\u1ebe CH\u1ee6NG TH\u1ee8C<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u1eeb NH\u1ee8T TH\u1ebe CH\u1ee6NG. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Nh\u1ee9t Th\u1ebf Ch\u1ee7ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian<\/span> v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch 6 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

A- S\u00e1t Na<\/span> Di\u1ec7t: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> sanh r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhanh t\u1eebng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong t\u00e2m ta c\u00f3 l\u00fac ni\u1ec1m vui sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3…<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu<\/span>: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong khi qu\u1ea3 sinh ra c\u00e1i nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee9a con t\u00f4i v\u1eeba l\u00e0m b\u1ec3 c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh tr\u00e0 th\u1eadt qu\u00ed n\u00ean t\u00f4i li\u1ec1n bu\u1ed3n b\u1ef1c<\/span> trong l\u00f2ng…<\/span><\/p>\n

C- H\u1eb1ng t\u00f9y chuy\u1ec3n: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> trong th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- T\u00e1nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u0169ng thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> thi\u1ec7n t\u1ee5ng kinh<\/span> ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng th\u00edch t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm n\u01a1i y\u00ean t\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecbnh tu… C\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> nghi\u1ec7n thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n th\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i h\u00fat x\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

E- \u0110\u00e3i ch\u00fang duy\u00ean: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ta c\u00f3 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n mu\u1ed1n l\u1eadp ch\u00f9a nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u00ea c\u00f4ng ty x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c…<\/span><\/p>\n

F- D\u1eabn T\u1ef1 Qu\u1ea3: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110em l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eadu ch\u1ec9 sinh ra c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu, h\u1ea1t \u1ed5i ch\u1ec9 sinh ra c\u00e2y \u1ed5i…<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb Nh\u1ee9t Th\u1ebf Ch\u1ee7ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i \u201cNh\u01a1n T\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c A L\u1ea1i Ya. Khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0:\u201dNh\u1ee9t Th\u1ebf V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span> Ch\u1ee7ng Th\u1ee9c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

V- S\u1ede TRI Y<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ean n\u1ea7y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1eeb Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i y ch\u1ec9<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> (s\u1edf tri<\/span>) hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u201cs\u1edf tri\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho ba t\u00e1nh: Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, Y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 Vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span>. Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> Thu\u1eadt K\u00fd quy\u1ec3n 3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cS\u1edf Tri c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ba t\u00ednh<\/span> l\u1ea5y th\u1ee9c A L\u1ea1i Ya l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1edf tri<\/span> y\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

VI- S\u01a0 N\u0102NG BI\u1ebeN<\/span> TH\u1ee8C <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ee9t n\u1ea7y. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p r\u1ed3i bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u0103n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. V\u00ec s\u1ee3 ch\u00fang ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1eadt ph\u00e1p n\u00ean lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00e1c Ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 do Th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\u201d. Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i. Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u01a1 N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> Th\u1ee9c. (Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y (t\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na th\u1ee9c<\/span>), Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, T\u1ef7 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7t Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Th\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

VII- V\u00d4 C\u1ea4U TH\u1ee8C<\/span> (Amala) <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch T\u1ecbnh Th\u1ee9c<\/span> hay Y\u00eam Ma La Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>. V\u00ec Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee9a gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3, t\u1eeb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y. V\u00ec B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 v\u00f4 minh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 V\u00f4 C\u1ea5u Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cHo\u1eb7c t\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u00f4 C\u1ea5u Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, h\u1ebft m\u1ee9c thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a (s\u1edf y<\/span>) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y duy ch\u1ec9 \u1edf ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3, c\u00f2n \u1edf ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ecb sinh<\/span> gi\u1eef h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span>, cho n\u00ean Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7n t\u1ecbnh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

VIII- C\u0102N B\u1ea2N TH\u1ee8C<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>. C\u1ea3 ph\u00e0m l\u1eabn th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

IX- NH\u01af LAI T\u1ea0NG<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ean n\u1ea7y h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 \u201cTr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbng, ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u1ecb v\u00f4 minh<\/span> t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> che l\u1ea5p<\/span> (ch\u1ec9 cho ch\u1eef T\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 bao ph\u1ee7 ng\u0103n che). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady gh\u00e9p hai c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cNh\u01b0 Lai thanh t\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e2n\u201d (l\u1ea5y ch\u1eef Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>) gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi \u201cv\u00f4 minh t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m\u201d (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng) th\ufffd\ufffdnh t\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> trong phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. Ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn Ph\u1eadt T\u00ednh<\/span> ph\u1ea9m Nh\u01b0 Tai T\u1ea1ng, ch\u1eef T\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 3 ngh\u0129a:<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng (thu nhi\u1ebfp)<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> hai m\u1eb7t<\/span> h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span>. H\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> s\u1ebd sinh ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00e1p<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh<\/span>). Kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> s\u1ebd sinh ra t\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1p<\/span> (thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>). C\u1ea3 hai ph\u00e1p Nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u thu nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u00ednh<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span>, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9a h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p . (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> Kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span>, Th\u1eafng Man B\u1ea3o Qu\u1eadt<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

B- T\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 che gi\u1ea5u, \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u<\/span><\/b>. <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span> b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> che l\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u1ea5t t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> t\u00e0ng gi\u1ea5u Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>. (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> Kinh Th\u1eafng Man, Kinh L\u00fd Th\u00fa B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span>, s\u00e1ch Th\u1eafng Man B\u1ea3o Qu\u1eadt<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

C- T\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span><\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span> trong phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span> (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> Kinh Chi\u00eam S\u00e1t<\/span>, Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn Lu\u1eadn<\/span> Thu\u1eadt To\u00e0n) .<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea9m t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a kinh T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t A H\u00e0m<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o m\u00e0 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec<\/span> T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u00e2u t\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. \u0110\u1eddi nay tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u01b0a h\u1ebft th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed cao t\u00e0i\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Kinh T\u1ea1ng<\/span> do Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

X- A \u0110\u00c0 NA<\/span> (AD\u00c0NA) TH\u1ee8C <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span>: \u201cTh\u1ee9c A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span> r\u1ea5t th\u00e2m s\u00e2u<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb<\/span>. C\u00e1c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ta (\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y; v\u00ec s\u1ee3 ch\u00fang ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0m Ng\u00e3\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3nh Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ee9c A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span> r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi t\u1ebf<\/span>. C\u00e1c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec s\u1ee3 ch\u00fang ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u1ea5p Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u201cCh\u01a1n\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cPhi Ch\u01a1n\u201d, n\u00ean Ta (\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>) ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1ecdng n\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> T\u00f4n r\u1ea5t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y. Trong hai b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t th\u00e2m s\u00e2u<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb<\/span>. N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span>. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n \u00f4ng gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> b\u00e1o th\u00e2n<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>) c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh. N\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng c\u00f2n m\u00e3i n\u00ean xem ch\u1eebng<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi t\u1ebf<\/span>. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ee9ng xa tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n<\/span> m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 g\u1ed3m v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean<\/span> m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y v\u00ec s\u1ee3 ch\u00fang ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0m \u201cch\u01a1n ng\u00e3\u201d m\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecda l\u1ea1c<\/span> m\u00e3i trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. C\u00f2n h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> n\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd m\u1ea3i m\u00ea t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u c\u00e1i \u201cth\u1eadt ng\u00e3\u201d ngo\u00e0i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng m\u00ea ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng xong. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Du Gi\u00e0 S\u01b0 \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Di L\u1eb7c B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> truy\u1ec1n cho ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>) ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span> m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i n\u00f3i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y. Trong Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span> l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cTR\u00cc\u201d (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> \u1edf quy\u1ec3n ba c\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cTh\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 ba c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span>. Ba c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

* Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> (ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span>) ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

* Gi\u1eef ch\u1ecbu (ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span>) c\u0103n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

* Gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y (ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span>) vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Xin l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec3m ghi tr\u00ean:<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> (ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span>) ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho hai lo\u1ea1i: \u201cH\u1eefu l\u1eadu h\u1eefu vi\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u201cV\u00f4 l\u1eadu h\u1eefu vi\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y xin th\u00eam, h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c. H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> do \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra ho\u1eb7c do \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 do c\u00f4ng phu<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> v.v… H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp<\/span> tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t \u0111i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u00e1c tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> t\u1ed1t h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span> n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u00e1c l\u00e0m tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i<\/span> c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t gieo tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> n\u1eb1m trong TH\u1ee8C n\u1ea7y. Khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y con m\u1ecdc l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t…<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> do h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Gi\u1eef ch\u1ecbu (ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span>) c\u0103n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt<\/span> trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span> sinh v\u1eadt \u1ea5y c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng khi\u1ebfn cho h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt chung quanh. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec b\u1ecbnh t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c tai n\u1ea1n<\/span> v.v… b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft \u0111i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/span> ng\u1eafn, th\u1eddi gian<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> g\u00ec nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> chung quanh v\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ea7y s\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra cho h\u1ecd trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span> ch\u1ebft h\u1ee5t<\/span> \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 l\u00eca kh\u1ecfi th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u00e2n n\u1ea7y s\u1ebd tan r\u00e3. V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean n\u00f3i Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a ta.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> quanh ta theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc T\u1ef0 BI\u1ebeN v\u00e0 C\u1ed8NG BI\u1ebeN v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u1eefa. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb s\u01b0 \u1ea5y. V\u1ecb s\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn<\/span> k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> \u1ea5y v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ra \u0111\u1ed3 \u00e1n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh, m\u01b0\u1edbn c\u00f4ng ty x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t…<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, g\u00f3p c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> tr\u00ean mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng khi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a khang trang. Qua vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y ch\u00f9a \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 T\u1ef0 BI\u1ebeN (\u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb s\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a) v\u00e0 C\u1ed8NG BI\u1ebeN (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3) m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. T\u1eeb th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> n\u1ea7y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> quanh ta \u0111\u1ec1u do s\u1ef1 T\u1ef1 Bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. Ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> (c\u0103n th\u00e2n) v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y (ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span>) vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span> trong ki\u1ebfp sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ecd n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00ec do phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tham lam<\/span>, s\u00e2n gi\u1eadn, si m\u00ea<\/span>…) t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, do c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh d\u1eaft d\u1eabn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: Th\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng, th\u00e2n \u0111ang ch\u1ebft, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec duy tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>. C\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> kh\u00f3 tin \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> tranh lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ki\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG BA<\/span><\/p>\n

KH\u1ea2O S\u00c1T S\u1ef0 HI\u1ec6N DI\u1ec6N<\/span> C\u1ee6A TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/span><\/p>\n

I- KH\u1ea2O S\u00c1T QUA KINH V\u00c0 LU\u1eacN<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Theo Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> (S\u0169tra)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201cGi\u1edbi\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span>, sinh ra c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi (Nh\u00e2n).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef N\u01b0\u01a1ng (y) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 duy\u00ean, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9, l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 duy\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> (tr\u00ec) c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 do ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ra c\u0103n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> n\u0103m c\u0103n n\u00ean l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho n\u0103m th\u1ee9c (nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c<\/span> v.v\u2026) bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u l\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> m\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00ean c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i \u201cc\u0103n c\u00e2u h\u1eefu\u201d m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh\u201d n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> l\u00e0m \u201cc\u00e2u h\u1eefu y\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 3 ch\u1eef \u201cdo \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 do t\u1eeb Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00e1c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 do Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean cho sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Ho\u1eb7c Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Sanh (t\u1ee9 sanh<\/span>) d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef n\u01a1i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i<\/span> trong sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 v\u00f4 chung n\u00ean trong b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i\u201d. V\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u201cNi\u1ebft B\u00e0n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 do c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n di\u1ec7t<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. N\u00f3i chung c\u1ea3 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> (Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o (\u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>) \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1i<\/span> ho\u00e0n di\u1ec7t<\/span>. Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> cho c\u1ea3nh t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201cch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc\u201d bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ea1o n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ea1o n\u0103ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1o n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9ng, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u201cGi\u1edbi t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i\u201d bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y h\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba c\u00e2u sau n\u00f3i c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u01a1i y ch\u1ec9<\/span> ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5ng, ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho hai ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> v\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> ch\u1ec9 cho Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 S\u1edf Th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 4 lo\u00e0i Sinh v\u00e0 N\u0103ng Th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u00e0 Ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p .<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng (Gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i) n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp m\u00e3i m\u00e3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. Ba c\u00e2u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> y ch\u1ec9<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi T\u00e1nh<\/span> (h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng), Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> T\u00e1nh (do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9), v\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> (v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>) .<\/span><\/p>\n

Qua b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean ta \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m .<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do Th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e0ng h\u1ebft<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean g\u1ecdi A L\u1ea1i Ya<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1eafng<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i r\u00f5 t\u1ea1i sao Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya .<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 (ta ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng). Ta \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1eafng\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>. V\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o \u201cKi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cCh\u01a1n Hi\u1ec7n Qu\u00e1n\u201d n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1eb3ng\u201d. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng bi\u1ebft Th\u1ee9c A L\u1ea1i Ya, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p n\u00f3 l\u00e0m B\u1ea3n Ng\u00e3<\/span> nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> m\u1edbi v\u00ec h\u1ecd m\u00e0 khai th\u1ecb d\u1ea1y b\u1ea3o<\/span> v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ecba c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1eb3ng\u201d. Tuy tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng bi\u1ebft Th\u1ee9c A L\u1ea1i Ya nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span> n\u00ean Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng hoan h\u1ef7<\/span> d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Kinh Sandhinirmona S\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea9m T\u00c2M TH\u1ee8C<\/span> trong kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span> do H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Quang<\/span> d\u1ecbch, t\u1eeb H\u00e1n v\u0103n ra Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Qu\u1ea3ng Tu\u1ec7<\/span> th\u01b0a Ph\u1eadt: B\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m, \u00fd, th\u1ee9c, v\u1eady B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m, \u00fd, th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ngang \u0111\u00e2u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ? V\u00e0 ngang \u0111\u00e2u m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ? \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Qu\u1ea3ng Tu\u1ec7<\/span> b\u1ea1ch h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ed1t l\u1eafm, Qu\u1ea3ng Tu\u1ec7<\/span>, \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u00d4ng n\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> trong s\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> ch\u1ebft \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0o r\u1ed3i sinh v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0o, th\u00ec th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> ho\u1eb7c sinh trong lo\u00e0i sinh b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c sinh trong lo\u00e0i sinh b\u1eb1ng thai, ho\u1eb7c sinh trong lo\u00e0i sinh b\u1eb1ng \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c sinh trong lo\u00e0i sinh b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span>. S\u1ef1 sinh \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean do ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span> nay tri\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> h\u00f3a h\u1ee3p, tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> l\u1edbn l\u00ean, v\u1edbi hai s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf y<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span>, hai l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng, danh v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> do ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb<\/span> h\u00ed lu\u1eadn<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3. Sinh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 hai s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> v\u1eeba n\u00f3i, c\u00f2n sinh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 hai s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ee9 n\u1eefa, Qu\u1ea3ng Tu\u1ec7<\/span>, th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y c\u0169ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span> v\u00ec n\u00f3 theo m\u00e0 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span>; c\u0169ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f9ng y\u00ean c\u00f9ng nguy v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span>; c\u0169ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u00e2m, v\u00ec n\u00f3 do s\u1eafc, thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p, t\u00edch t\u1ee5<\/span> t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSau n\u1eefa, Qu\u1ea3ng Tu\u1ec7<\/span>, ch\u00ednh A \u0110\u00e0 Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c nh\u00e3n nh\u0129 t\u1ef7 thi\u1ec7t th\u00e2n<\/span> \u00fd: Do nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1eafc c\u1ea3nh<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y; do c\u00e1c c\u0103n nh\u0129 t\u1ef7 thi\u1ec7t th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh thanh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb x\u00fac l\u00e0m duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c nh\u0129 t\u1ef7 thi\u1ec7t th\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t sanh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c nh\u0129 t\u1ef7 thi\u1ec7t th\u00e2n<\/span> \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sinh th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sinh th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1edbi hai \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ed nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y v\u1eeba m\u1ea1nh v\u1eeba l\u1edbn, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u1ed5i hai \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng th\u00ec hai \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn ch\u1ea3y m\u00e3i, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft. L\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed1t<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n hai \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span>, th\u00ec hai \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1eb7t g\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span>, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh<\/span> \u1ea3nh. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, do d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc A \u0110\u00e0 Na th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span>, n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a hai \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9c th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cQu\u1ea3ng Tu\u1ec7, nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> do c\u00e1i tr\u00ed ph\u00e1p tr\u00fa l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ngang \u0111\u00e2y qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Qu\u1ea3ng Tu\u1ec7<\/span>, n\u1ebfu B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 r\u00e0nh r\u1ebd, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span> v\u00e0 A \u0110\u00e0 Na th\u1ee9c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y A L\u1ea1i Ya v\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c,kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00edch t\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1eadp T\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span> s\u1eafc c\u1ea3nh<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00fd c\u0103n<\/span> ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3nh<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed1 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>, v\u00e0 ngang \u0111\u00e2y Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>; c\u0169ng ngang \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ngang \u0111\u00e2y Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMu\u1ed1n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i n\u00ean l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9nh c\u00fa sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ee9c A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c vi<\/span> t\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i<\/span><\/p>\n

Cho k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m ngu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ee3 h\u1ecd ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> \u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c vi<\/span> t\u1ebf. V\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> n\u0103m s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span> n\u01b0\u01a1ng; l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> u\u1ea9n nghi\u1ec7p ki\u1ebft sanh ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 A \u0110\u00e0 Na<\/span>. H\u00e0ng h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> ch\u01b0a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft c\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng th\u00e2m s\u00e2u<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m. H\u00e0ng nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> h\u1ebft h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> vi t\u1ebf<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u01a1i th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> nhanh v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang t\u1eeb tr\u00ean cao \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng v\u1ef1c s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m kia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y cho h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u1ecd ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn tu<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecda v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> cho s\u1ef1 tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh .<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Kinh Lank\u00e2vat\u00e2ra S\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3n g\u1eb7p duy\u00ean gi\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1edfi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i<\/span><\/p>\n

Sanh t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3n t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

Sanh t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng, n\u00f3i l\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. V\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e3n, Nh\u0129 v.v\u2026 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong t\u1eebng l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y. C\u00e1c kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fd v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> ng\u00e3. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> do nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> g\u00e2y n\u00ean. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p, u\u1ea9n, x\u1ee9, gi\u1edbi\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

2- S\u1ef1 sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1nh v\u0103n kinh<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u1ea5y B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> l\u1ea1i b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt<\/span>: B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, c\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y th\u1ee9 sanh, tr\u1ee5, di\u1ec7t? Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>: C\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 sanh, tr\u1ee5, di\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 sanh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> sanh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng sanh. C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 tr\u1ee5, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5. C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 di\u1ec7t, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> m\u00ea, ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n<\/span> n\u1eefa. Trong kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00fac n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m n\u1ea7y. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi ph\u1ea7n ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi B\u1ea1ch T\u1ecbnh Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. Y theo<\/span> v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ch\u01a1n. Sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span>. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai t\u00e2m, c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m khi m\u00ea, t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb \u201cl\u01b0u ch\u00fa\u201d, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u00e1nh ch\u1eb3ng hay t\u1ef1 gi\u1eef n\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u00ean l\u01b0u. C\u00f3 b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c sanh. L\u00fac bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5. \u1ede c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, ch\u1ebft ng\u1ea5t, ng\u1ee7 say th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng sanh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m di\u1ec7t. Di\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i sanh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c. T\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea7y khi ch\u01b0a che \u0111\u1eady<\/span> ch\u01a1n t\u00e1nh, v\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span>, ni\u1ec7m ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng, ch\u00ednh khi sinh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ea7m di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Th\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u1edbng y n\u01a1i ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng do m\u00ea m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh n\u00f3i c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Chuy\u1ec3n T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, Nghi\u1ec7p T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, v\u00e0 Ch\u01a1n T\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c do n\u01a1i<\/span> b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t sinh. Tuy b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng. D\u00f9 trong b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng m\u00e0 to\u00e0n ch\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 trong m\u00ea sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng, trong c\u00f5i sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u00e0nh x\u1ee9<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 suy nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Thi\u00ean<\/span> Th\u00e2n n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u00e0nh x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> duy c\u00f3 ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span>, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0o n\u01a1i th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng\u201d. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf y<\/span> n\u01a1i th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>, N\u00f3i l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9c, n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1m t\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 ba? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng<\/span> g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1edf trong \u1ea5y m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01a1n Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201chi\u1ec7n\u201d. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 th\u00ec d\u00f9 n\u01a1i ph\u00e0m th\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng hai, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> th\u00ec v\u1eabn ph\u00e2n m\u00ea, ng\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span>, hai th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n cho nhau\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hai t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u0103n th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i? V\u00ec t\u01b0\u1edbng sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i. Trong ch\u1ed7 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u1ea1i l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n sinh ra c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n sinh ra ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ho\u1ea1i. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u01a1n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u1ea9n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1i. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n h\u1eefu ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> t\u1eeb Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. T\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u00e2p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0o T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 hai t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n cho nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec hu\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec hu\u00e2n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span>. Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed thi\u1ec7n. Th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 v\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u00e1c. C\u1ea3 ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec hu\u00e2n. Ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m<\/span> b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> hu\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 minh<\/span>. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng hu\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do c\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 sinh ra Th\u1ee9c. S\u1eafc, thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p (v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>) l\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n, \u00fd. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n sinh ra ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c<\/span>.V\u00ec ch\u01a1n t\u00e2m<\/span> m\u00ea m\u1edd, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ee9c<\/span> ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea3nh sinh ra c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span>. V\u00e0 v\u00ec ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span> \u1ea5y m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 kinh L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ef1 t\u00e2m th\u1ee7 t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u00e2m, phi huy\u1ec5n th\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p huy\u1ec5n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, n\u1ebfu tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> \u1ea5y di\u1ec7t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u0103n th\u1ee9c<\/span> di\u1ec7t, th\u1ebf th\u00ec danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c th\u00ec \u201cc\u0103n\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i \u201cc\u1ea3nh\u201d sinh ra \u201cth\u1ee9c\u201d t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t. Do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u0103n th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t\u201d. \u201cDanh t\u01b0\u1edbng di\u1ec7t\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u201cdanh\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m\u201d c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m\u201d, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea1ch t\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9c\u201d, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u1eefa. \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c th\u00ec danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> di\u1ec7t, b\u1edfi nh\u01a1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> di\u1ec7t th\u00ec th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> m\u1edbi di\u1ec7t. Do ch\u1ed7 theo di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 duy\u00ean di\u1ec7t n\u00ean th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>, b\u1edfi t\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span>. Duy\u00ean l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn v.v\u2026th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3nh v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu khi nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n, ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v.v\u2026 th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u0103n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ebf t\u1ecfa kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> di\u1ec7t, do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sinh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c b\u1ebf t\u1ecfa, d\u1ee9t v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> sinh ra v\u1ecdng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vi tr\u1ea7n<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 trang s\u1ee9c c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>, n\u1ebfu kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi tr\u1ea7n<\/span> kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng do vi tr\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 th\u1eadt do vi tr\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh, th\u1ebf n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi tr\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sai kh\u00e1c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c th\u00ec t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> di\u1ec7t t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t, ch\u1ec9 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> di\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t th\u00ec t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1eaft di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! N\u1ebfu t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> di\u1ec7t th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> lu\u1eadn ch\u1ea5p \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u00f3i l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> di\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t\u201d. L\u1ea1i n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u1ec9 v\u00ec si di\u1ec7t n\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> di\u1ec7t theo\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean n\u00f3i hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! C\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> kia kh\u1edfi lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: \u201cC\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> di\u1ec7t, th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t\u201d. N\u1ebfu th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> di\u1ec7t th\u00ec l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> l\u1ebd \u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> l\u00e0m sanh nh\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, s\u1eafc, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp m\u00e0 sanh, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 d\u1ecb nh\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! V\u1ec1 nh\u01a1n kia, h\u1ecd n\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 th\u1eafng di\u1ec7u, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 s\u0129 phu<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi, ho\u1eb7c vi tr\u1ea7n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thu g\u00f3p c\u00e1c tr\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span>. Khi t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea7y di\u1ec7t, th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> v\u1eabn ti\u1ec1m ph\u1ee5c<\/span>. T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00ea c\u1ee7a l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n. L\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u01a1n b\u1edfi m\u00ea m\u1edd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, s\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, c\u00f9ng nhau sanh tr\u1ee5. Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> l\u1ea7m cho l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eafng di\u1ec7u\u201d th\u00e0nh ra c\u00f3 nh\u01a1n kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n ng\u00e3<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m\u201d. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0m th\u1ea7n ng\u00e3<\/span>, hay sanh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> tr\u1ee5 ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i, th\u1ea7n ng\u00e3<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eafng di\u1ec7u\u201d n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Minh lu\u1eadn<\/span> s\u01b0 cho r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m<\/span>, th\u1eddi, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u1ea3n t\u1ebf<\/span>, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span>, h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, ng\u00e3, b\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5<\/span>, hay sanh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cs\u0129 phu\u201d n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ed3 Kh\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i \u201cT\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i\u201d th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt, bi\u1ebfn, th\u01b0\u1eddng hay<\/span> sanh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi T\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb \u201cth\u1eddi\u201d sanh. H\u1ecd th\u1ea5y c\u1ecf c\u00e2y do th\u1eddi gian<\/span> n\u1edf r\u1ee5ng, t\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4, ch\u1ea5p \u201cth\u1eddi gian\u201d l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span>, l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadn Th\u1ebf<\/span> S\u01b0 th\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1eafc t\u00e2m<\/span> v.v… c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i c\u1ef1c vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng trong t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t tinh linh<\/span> hay c\u00f3 duy\u00ean l\u1ef1 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ef1c vi<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cvi tr\u1ea7n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh c\u00f2n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3y ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! C\u00f3 b\u1ea3y ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, nh\u01a1n t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, duy\u00ean t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, th\u00e0nh t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u01a1n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 trong d\u1ecb nh\u01a1n c\u00f3 b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 l\u1eadp gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i t\u1ee9 c\u00fa<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 sanh, tha sanh, c\u1ed9ng sanh, v\u00e0 v\u00f4 nh\u01a1n sanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 sanh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Tha sanh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, duy\u00ean t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. C\u1ed9ng sanh l\u00e0 t\u1eadp t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. V\u00f4 nh\u01a1n sanh l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! C\u00f3 b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh<\/span> gi\u1edbi, hu\u1ec7 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span>, tr\u00ed c\u1ea3nh<\/span> gi\u1edbi, ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span>, si\u00eau nh\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span>, si\u00eau t\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span>, Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u1ee9ng c\u00fang<\/span> \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span> \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, v\u1ecb lai<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Do t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian<\/span>, xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span> v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1edfi Th\u00e1nh Hu\u1ec7<\/span> Nh\u00e3n v\u00e0o t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp nh\u01b0. Ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi lu\u1eadn \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d. \u201cT\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3y c\u00e1c c\u0103n th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHu\u1ec7 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi\u201d ch\u1ec9 cho v\u0103n, t\u01b0, tu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTr\u00ed c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ed<\/span>. Khi c\u0103n b\u1ea3n tr\u00ed<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1edbi th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi\u201d l\u00e0 tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/span>, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSi\u00eau nh\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 si\u00eau nh\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSi\u00eau t\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi\u201d, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> (\u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u00e1c<\/span>) c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng, qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi h\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 Lai t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>, m\u1edbi n\u00f3i l\u00e0 duy t\u00e2m<\/span>, qu\u00ean nh\u01a1n t\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> v\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y l\u00fd l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i ph\u00e0m th\u00e1nh<\/span> duy th\u1ee9c<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 ra t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 t\u1ed9t b\u1ea3y tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> m\u1ed9t, ch\u1ec9 cho k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u00ec d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt t\u1ee9c b\u1ea3y t\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng ngo\u00e0i ch\u01a1n ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi lu\u1eadn \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng th\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span>, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> ch\u1eebng ng\u1eb1n t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> ngu si<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1nh, v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn<\/span> nh\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> do v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n. Trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> lu\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> thu\u1ea7n ch\u01a1n ch\u1eb3ng t\u1ea1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cKh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c Sa M\u00f4n<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u00e0 La M\u00f4n<\/span> th\u1ea5y (c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p) l\u00eca ch\u1ea5p t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y n\u1ed5i, v\u00f2ng l\u1eeda th\u00e0nh c\u00e0n th\u00e1c b\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng sanh, huy\u1ec5n, s\u00f3ng n\u1eafng, tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9ng, trong ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span>. Nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft th\u00ec l\u00eca v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> n\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> s\u1edf thuy\u1ebft, n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n s\u1edf qu\u00e1n, th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m).<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u1ee9c th\u00ec n\u0103ng nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>. C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3, l\u00eca sanh, tr\u1ee5, di\u1ec7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> theo v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kia ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem th\u1ea5y sanh t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i Bi<\/span> x\u1ea3o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 khai ph\u00e1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Kia \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u xem nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u1ed9ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span>, xa l\u00eca<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> trong ngo\u00e0i, ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp t\u00f9y v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp t\u00f9y v\u00e0o t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba kia, c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> tam mu\u1ed9i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi qu\u00e1n c\u0103n th\u00e2n kh\u00ed<\/span> gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 do Th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n. Li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi qu\u00e1n ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> gi\u1edbi duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, xa l\u00eca<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh<\/span> trong ngo\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m, th\u00ec v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ed<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba, thi\u1ec1n tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span> th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHi\u1ec3u tam gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span>, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>. Qua t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee5 b\u00e1t nh\u00e3 ba la m\u1eadt<\/span>. X\u1ea3 b\u1ecf sanh kia t\u1ea1o ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0o Kim cang<\/span> d\u1ee5 tam ma \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> (ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>), t\u00f9y v\u00e0o th\u00e2n Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>, t\u00f9y v\u00e0o nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span>, th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb bi<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trang nghi\u00eam<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f5i Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, l\u00eca T\u00e2m, \u00dd v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c. B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e2n li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span> qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 qu\u00e1n tam gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSanh kia\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho sanh t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 minh<\/span>. T\u1eeb Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba<\/span> v\u1ec1 sau d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Kim Cang d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n sanh t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 minh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Th\u1ebf n\u00ean mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n t\u00f9y nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> ph\u1ea3i xa l\u00eca<\/span> \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp, t\u00e2m nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span>, t\u1ea1o ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span>, sanh tr\u1ee5 di\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i<\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m th\u1eb3ng ti\u1ebfn, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> l\u1ed7i h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span>, nh\u01a1n t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>. Suy ngh\u0129<\/span> ba c\u00f5i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00e1nh th\u00fa, t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 khai ph\u00e1t h\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t ch\u00e2u ma ni<\/span> t\u00f9y theo<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y nh\u1eadp t\u00e2m<\/span> vi t\u1ebf<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> d\u00f9ng h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> t\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! T\u1ef1 t\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00ean tu h\u1ecdc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0n\u201d \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- Bi\u1ec3n S\u00f3ng T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u1ea5y, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> l\u1ea1i b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt<\/span>: Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, \u00fd, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, n\u0103m ph\u00e1p, ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> do t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 (Ph\u1eadt) thuy\u1ebft th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i t\u00e2m. V\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u1edf tr\u00ean n\u00fai Ma La Da<\/span> n\u1eb1m trong bi\u1ec3n thu\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> n\u00f3i \u201cNh\u01b0 Lai khen ng\u1ee3i bi\u1ec3n s\u00f3ng T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m, \u00fd, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, n\u0103m ph\u00e1p, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 sanh nh\u01a1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y<\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> bi\u1ec3n s\u00f3ng t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i v.v…\u201d \u00fd n\u00f3i s\u1edf h\u00e0nh th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh<\/span> hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m. Bi\u1ec3n s\u00f3ng T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> to\u00e0n v\u1ecdng, to\u00e0n ch\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed7 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m ph\u00e1p (danh, t\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span>, nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0<\/span>), ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> (bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi, vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt) trong t\u00e2m, \u00fd, th\u1ee9c y theo<\/span> m\u00ea ng\u1ed9<\/span> m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fac m\u00ea th\u00ec \u201cnh\u01b0 nh\u01b0\u201d chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh danh<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng\u2026 \u201cVi\u00ean th\u00e0nh\u201d chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 y tha<\/span>. Khi ng\u1ed9 th\u00ec danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0<\/span>, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed\u2026\u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n v\u1ecdng l\u1eabn hi\u1ec3n, danh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e1m Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> b\u1ea3o B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>: V\u00ec c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u00ean nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n?<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- T\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

b- L\u1ed7i h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> do t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> s\u1eafc<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Th\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

d- Mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span> d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> sanh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c. (a) Nh\u01a1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0m ngh\u0129a nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1eb3ng r\u1eddi t\u00e2m. V\u00ec b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u00e2m bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbng. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean n\u00f3i d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> sanh. N\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m. D\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed5i s\u00f3ng ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 cho ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u0103ng nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n (b) n\u00f3i \u201ch\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span>. Do s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn ra tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> s\u1eafc v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh. Do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> trong m\u1ee5c (c). Trong m\u1ee5c (d) c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u201cmu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u201cPh\u00f9 c\u0103n ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ea7n dong ru\u1ed5i theo s\u1eafc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> sanh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n, vi tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sanh. Theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> sanh, c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Th\u00ed nh\u01b0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! V\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> gi\u00f3 l\u1edbn th\u1ed5i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u0103n, l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u201cc\u0103n\u201d. Vi tr\u1ea7n<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u201ctr\u1ea7n\u201d. M\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sanh l\u00e0 do c\u0103n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> v\u00e0 theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp m\u00e0 sinh ra th\u1ee9c. C\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh ra th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng th\u1ee9c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1ed1ng nhau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u0103n, tr\u1ea7n (\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng) v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh ra bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p .<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> cho th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3. S\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u00f3 d\u1ee5 cho s\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cGi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i tr\u00f4i gi\u1ea1t bi\u1ec3n t\u00e2m<\/span>, s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng. Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1edf t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c. Hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p sanh t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o s\u00e2u trong ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 r\u00f5 bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> s\u1eafc v.v\u2026 n\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n<\/span> theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f9ng n\u0103m th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n<\/span> chung kh\u1edfi. Do bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3n t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Gi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n<\/span>. S\u00f3ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c. V\u00ec gi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n<\/span> tr\u00f4i gi\u1ea1t bi\u1ec3n t\u00e2m<\/span>, khi\u1ebfn s\u00f3ng b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng m\u00e0 nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1edf t\u00e1c<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1edf t\u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t ch\u01a1n t\u00e1nh n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t nghi\u1ec7p sanh t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 s\u00e2u trong ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 r\u00f5 bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> s\u1eafc v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> s\u1eafc\u2026 l\u00e0 do n\u1ed9i th\u1ee9c<\/span> bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m t\u00e1nh s\u1eafc\u2026 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> n\u00ean v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ra ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span>. Hai ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 sanh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec nh\u01a1n ph\u1ea7n \u0111o\u1ea1n sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00ean sanh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y n\u0103m th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00e2n kia chuy\u1ec3n, kia ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 ta l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n nhau. T\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n, m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kia \u0111\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kia chuy\u1ec3n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00e2n kia\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e1m th\u1ee9 th\u1ee9c. T\u00e1m th\u1ee9c l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n cho nhau m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i t\u00e1m th\u1ee9 th\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Tuy v\u1ecdng kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p, nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u1eddi l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> li\u1ec1n d\u1ee9t n\u00ean kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ef1 t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n, m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kia \u0111\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n\u201d. Ho\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ee9c v\u00f4 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i sai bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sinh r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t. Do \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span>. V\u00ec b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u00ea n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n \u0111o\u1ea1n sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> li\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3 trong kinh c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cPh\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh<\/span> gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kia chuy\u1ec3n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> vi t\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd m\u00e9 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> vi t\u1ebf<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>, l\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: Th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean h\u1eadu nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Song th\u1eadt th\u1ee9c ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u00ec ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t. B\u1edfi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00ean di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> vi t\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd m\u00e9 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span>. Tr\u1eeb ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc Thanh V\u0103n<\/span>, Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> l\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00e0nh r\u00f5\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> trong t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u1edd th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i vi\u00ean c\u1ea3nh tr\u00ed<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> to\u00e0n tri\u1ec7t m\u1edbi th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t b\u1edd m\u00e9 c\u1ee7a t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span>. L\u00eca v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. Khi th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec gi\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

11- K\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c, l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u1ea5y, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> mu\u1ed1n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean n\u00ean n\u00f3i k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ed nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y do gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh th\u1ed5i<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00f3ng to v\u1ed7 bi\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khi \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ee9t<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3n t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u1ed5i d\u1eady<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1edbp l\u1edbp c\u00e1c s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c0o \u1ea1t m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sanh\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0a v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u201cbi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3\u201d ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u201cgi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh\u201d ch\u1ec9 cho c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> l\u1ee5c tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, \u201cs\u00f3ng\u201d ch\u1ec9 cho chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>. T\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n, tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> ra b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c th\u1ee9 s\u1eafc xanh \u0111\u1ecf<\/span><\/p>\n

Kha, s\u1eefa v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e8n<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ecb l\u1ea1t c\u00e1c hoa qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadt, nguy\u1ec7t c\u00f9ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m c\u00f9ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> sanh\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eafc, thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u do n\u1ed9i th\u1ee9c<\/span> bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span>, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span> c\u00f9ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. N\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t m\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ed nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1edbp l\u1edbp s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i chuy\u1ec3n<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m c\u00f9ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> kia<\/span><\/p>\n

Bao nhi\u00eau c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 do \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> kia<\/span><\/p>\n

Suy ngh\u0129<\/span> ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00e1m<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> bi\u1ec3n s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y n\u00f3i t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hai t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ho\u1ea1i, t\u1ef1 ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i \u201ct\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00e1m\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 chung c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c khi m\u00ea ch\u01a1n m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n, c\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 to\u00e0n ch\u01a1n. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u201cch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i\u201d, m\u00ea ch\u01a1n sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> kh\u1edfi n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u201cho\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u201cKh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng khi m\u00ea th\u00ec kh\u1edfi l\u00ean sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u1eaft b\u1ec7nh th\u1ea5y hoa \u0111\u1ed1m<\/span> gi\u1eefa h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> n\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00e2u sau l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00e2m t\u00ean gom g\u00f3p nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd t\u00ean r\u1ed9ng gom g\u00f3p<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ee9c, th\u1ee9c s\u1edf th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea5y n\u00f3i n\u0103m\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u00e2m. V\u00ec n\u00f3 hay gom ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed, ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgom g\u00f3p nghi\u1ec7p\u201d. Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y hay suy x\u00e9t<\/span> t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 nh\u01a1n ph\u00e1p b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u00dd. N\u00f3 hay t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01a1n, ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u201cr\u1ed9ng gom g\u00f3p\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1u th\u1ee9c sau \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span>, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 ba l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. N\u0103m c\u0103n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t n\u00ean sinh ra n\u0103m th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> d\u00f9ng k\u1ec7 h\u1ecfi Ph\u1eadt:<\/span><\/p>\n

Xanh \u0111\u1ecf c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> s\u00f3ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00fai xin n\u00f3i?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u00f9ng k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1p r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Xanh \u0111\u1ecf c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p s\u1eafc<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00f3ng m\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Gom g\u00f3p nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i T\u00e2m<\/span><\/p>\n

Khai ng\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e0m phu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p kia th\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp ly<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i kia \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e2n<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01a1i kia hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ed nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean n\u00f3i n\u0103ng, s\u1edf, t\u00e2m, c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec1u do th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n. T\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i \u201cgom g\u00f3p nghi\u1ec7p n\u00f3i T\u00e2m\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o. \u201cNghi\u1ec7p kia th\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u00ea t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac ng\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng. \u201cS\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp, c\u00f9ng s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i kia \u0111\u1ed3ng\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span> th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 hai nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ed3 T\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i k\u1ec7 h\u1ecfi:<\/span><\/p>\n

“T\u00e1nh bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ed7i d\u1eady kh\u00e1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1edb sao ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y \u00fd n\u00f3i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u00f9ng k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/span><\/p>\n

“Ph\u00e0m phu kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00ed s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i<\/span><\/p>\n

Y th\u00ed kia so hi\u1ec3u\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> k\u00e9m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span>, t\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u01a1n th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng chi\u1ebfu<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> h\u1ea1 trung<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> chi\u1ebfu th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec ngu n\u00f3i ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1edb sao ch\u1eb3ng n\u00f3i th\u1eadt?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPh\u00e2n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p\u201d, Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> khai ng\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> nh\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt<\/span> tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u00ean chia ra nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eeba, n\u0103m th\u1eeba, ba th\u1eeba<\/span> nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed1t c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt th\u1eeba<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u00f9ng k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/span><\/p>\n

“N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m kia kh\u00f4ng ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ed nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3n s\u00f3ng m\u00f2i<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m c\u1ea3nh<\/span> gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee7<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y th\u1ee9c, s\u1edf th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd \u1ea5y \u00fd v\u1ecb<\/span> nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m th\u1ee9c do hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ed nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng th\u1ee3 v\u1ebd<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 th\u1ee3 v\u1ebd<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ea3i, m\u00e0u v\u1ebd c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta n\u00f3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9t<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng vi\u1ebft c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ee5a<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec vui ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> n\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u1ebd c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 ch\u01a1n t\u00e1nh v\u00ec t\u00e2m ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u0129nh ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00eam n\u0103m m\u00e0u ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f9 h\u1ecd l\u00e0m sao th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i phi t\u00e2m<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3n, g\u01b0\u01a1ng; d\u00f9ng phi th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng bi\u1ec3n, b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea3nh trong m\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m chuy\u1ec3n sanh<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> ch\u00f3ng hi\u1ec7n. B\u1ea3y chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n, th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng \u1ea9n d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ebd d\u00f9ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc m\u00e0 v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh. Ho\u1eb7c cho l\u00e0 t\u00e2m m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i gi\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c cho l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng \u1ea9n d\u1ee5<\/span> d\u0129 t\u00e2m \u1ea5n<\/span> t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> m\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 m\u00ea c\u00f3 ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> n\u00ean trong t\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cm\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9t, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i b\u00fat ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a, v\u00ec vui ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> n\u00ean h\u00f2a l\u1eabn v\u1ebd c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00f3i n\u0103ng ri\u00eang l\u1eadp b\u00e0y<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt l\u00eca danh t\u1ef1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> h\u1ee3p nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span><\/p>\n

Tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> b\u00e0y ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1edf gi\u00e1c l\u00eca<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y v\u00ec Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed<\/span> n\u00f3i\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3ng t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> m\u00e0 lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n<\/span> ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01a1n gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1edf gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ngu r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00f3i c\u00e1c th\u1ee9<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y s\u1ef1 ri\u00eang l\u1eadp b\u00e0y<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01a1i kia l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng n\u00f3i<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 th\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kia<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c t\u00f9y d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> v\u00ec ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> h\u1ee3p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3i<\/span><\/p>\n

Phi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ai m\u1eabn<\/span> n\u00f3i ra<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p t\u00f9y c\u0103n c\u01a1<\/span> m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0y, n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc cao th\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 m\u1eadt ng\u00f4n<\/span> \u1ea9n d\u1ee5<\/span>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c t\u00f9y b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 cho thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

12- Ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c Th\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00ed<\/span> hu\u1ec7, tr\u1ee5 r\u1ed3i \u1edf tr\u00ean ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> ph\u1ea3i si\u00eang tu h\u1ecdc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> ph\u1ea3i si\u00eang tu h\u1ecdc?<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ed7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1ef1<\/span> nguy\u1ec7n, t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span>. Tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ed3i hay x\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u00e2m tr\u00ed<\/span> hu\u1ec7 l\u1eeba qu\u00e8, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng t\u1eed<\/span>, \u1edf tr\u00ean ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kia do tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! T\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Thanh V\u0103n<\/span>, Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, kia do tu t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! T\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n tu sanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! T\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, ch\u1ed7 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> ti\u1ebfn th\u00fa tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> n\u00e0y hay \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> ph\u1ea3i si\u00eang tu h\u1ecdc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTr\u00ed l\u1eeba qu\u00e8\u201dkhi ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m d\u1ee9t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1edfi l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 v\u1edbi nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span>, n\u00ean n\u00f3i tr\u00ed l\u1eeba qu\u00e8 v\u00e0o b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi x\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 s\u1edf<\/span> h\u1eefu\u201dl\u00e0 qu\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n\u201d, Kinh An L\u1ea1c<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u01b0a qua kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> khi\u1ebfn qua kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> khi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec3u t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ch\u01b0a an \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> khi\u1ebfn an \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n kinh n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 t\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7<\/span>, y n\u01a1i gi\u00e1o bi\u1ec7t, vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u duy\u00ean hai th\u1ee9 t\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00e1c v\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201ct\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh\u201dl\u00e0 \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span> vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> tr\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i Th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7n T\u00e0i \u0110\u1ed3ng T\u1eed<\/span> tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> 110 th\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, khi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c Di<\/span> L\u1eb7c l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c V\u0103n Th\u00f9 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i: \u201c\u00d4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u1ee9c, nghe h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, v\u00e0o m\u00f4n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c oai th\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> V\u0103n Th\u00f9<\/span>. B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t V\u0103n Th\u00f9 S\u01b0 L\u1ee3i<\/span> \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- S\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> kinh A C\u1ea5p Ma (kinh A H\u00e0m<\/span> d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p Qui) g\u1ecdi Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a cho c\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c\u2026V\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9i c\u00e2y l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e1nh l\u00e1\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda B\u1ed9<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u1ecdi Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 H\u1eefu Ph\u1ea7n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. H\u1eefu l\u00e0 Tam H\u1eefu<\/span> (ba c\u00f5i<\/span>), Ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> c\u00f9ng kh\u1eafp m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho Ba C\u00f5i<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

3- H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed9<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u1ecdi Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 C\u00d9NG SANH T\u1eec<\/span> U\u1ea8N. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu l\u00eca Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang c\u00f3 Ph\u00e1p U\u1ea9n<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng ng\u1eb1n m\u00e9 sinh t\u1eed<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> r\u1eb1ng \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi V\u00f4 S\u1eafc<\/span> th\u00ec S\u1eafc b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t. T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u00ec l\u00eca S\u1eafc v\u00e0 T\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c A L\u1ea1i Ya n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00f9ng Sinh T\u1eed U\u1ea9n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t A H\u00e0m<\/span>: g\u1ecdi Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya, nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i: \u00e1i A L\u1ea1i Ya, l\u1ea1c A L\u1ea1i Ya, h\u1ef7 A L\u1ea1i Ya\u2026, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00f2ng tham ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi A L\u1ea1i Ya (Alaya-r\u00e3ma, Alaya-rata, Alaya-sammudita). V\u00ec trong ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ean \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 n\u1ed9i ng\u00e3<\/span> th\u1eadt, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi ch\u01b0a ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n sanh t\u00e2m \u01b0a \u0111\u1eafm n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> khi sanh v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u1ed5 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u01b0a \u0111\u1eafm th\u00e2n n\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span> n\u1eefa m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u01b0a \u0111\u1eafm ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m D\u1ee5c<\/span>: Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m d\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1c th\u1ecd<\/span>: Khi xa l\u00eca<\/span> t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n<\/span>, tuy ch\u00e1n l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span>: Tuy l\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1eadt ng\u00e3<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Chuy\u1ec3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00ec 5 th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span>, th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Di\u1ec7u Quan S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span>, th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>): Tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ta, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eafc th\u00e2n<\/span>: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu khi l\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n luy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eafm x\u00e1c th\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5p b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span>: V\u00ec l\u00eca S\u1eafc v\u00e0 T\u00e2m th\u00ec nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> \u0111\u00e1ng \u01b0a do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean .<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc<\/span> trong khi kh\u1edfi ng\u00e3 \u00e1i<\/span>, tuy \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c u\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 y\u00eau th\u00edch nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ghi tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y Kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 A L\u1ea1i Ya l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

E- Theo Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Dharmap\u00e2la v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

1- N\u01a1i t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u01a1i t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m (t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m). C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, khi \u1edf Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> v.v\u2026 b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. C\u00e1c c\u0103n, c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> v.v\u2026 ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1ec5 sanh, d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>, n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00e2m t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh ki\u00ean tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed nh\u01b0 Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 T\u00e2m gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u0169ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u00e1nh l\u00fd. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> n\u01a1i A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u00f3i thuy\u1ebft \u201cT\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean Sanh\u201d .<\/span><\/p>\n

2- T\u00e2m Ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f3 T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> do nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y th\u00ec T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> kia kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3. V\u00ec nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c<\/span> v.v\u2026 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span>, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1edbp, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>. T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i n\u1ed1i, v\u00ec m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n<\/span> (D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y. S\u00e1u th\u1ee9c nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129 v.v\u2026 do nghi\u1ec7p chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span>, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> \u00e2m thanh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span>, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> sanh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m Ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef d\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n c\u0103n th\u00e2n, kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>. V\u00ec c\u0103n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00eca t\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec duy tr\u00ec<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> c\u0103n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi<\/span>, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> ? Khi \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn. Khi kh\u00f4ng trong \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u01b0 tu\u1edfng, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> n\u01a1i th\u00e2n\u2026 N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m (hay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m Ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>) ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span>, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u00ec sau khi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 minh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m Ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u01a1i ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Gi\u1edbi th\u00fa<\/span> sanh th\u1ec3<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cLo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> trong n\u0103m th\u00fa (ng\u0169 th\u00fa<\/span>: n\u0103m n\u1ebbo \u00e1c, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u0169 \u00e1c th\u00fa<\/span>, ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> v.v\u2026 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u0110\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span>, ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ec9<\/span>, s\u00fac sanh<\/span>, nh\u01a1n, thi\u00ean) b\u1ed1n lo\u00e0i<\/span> sanh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y th\u00ec c\u00e1i th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u00fa b\u1ed1n lo\u00e0i<\/span> sanh (gi\u1edbi th\u00fa<\/span> sanh th\u1ec3<\/span>) kia kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 4 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> l\u00e0: Hi\u1ec7n H\u1eefu<\/span>, Th\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1eb1ng<\/span>, Bi\u1ebfn Kh\u1eafp, C\u00f3 T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u1ef1 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh Gi\u1edbi Th\u00fa<\/span> Sanh Th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00ec th\u1ec3 th\u00fa sanh s\u1ebd r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n<\/span>, tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ph\u00e1p n\u01a1i th\u00fa sanh kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c s\u1eafc D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n do nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea3m<\/span> n\u01a1i n\u0103m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp th\u00fa sanh. V\u00ec n\u01a1i c\u00f5i V\u00f4 S\u1eafc<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eafc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> khi sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1eafc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u do nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea3m<\/span> n\u01a1i \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> tuy kh\u1eafp Th\u00fa Sanh, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean trong ph\u1ea7n (3) n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 th\u00fa<\/span> t\u1ee9 sanh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c T\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1edbi th\u1eadt c\u00f3, h\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1<\/span> m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 th\u00fa<\/span> t\u1ee9 sanh<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m th\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c T\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp h\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- S\u1ef1 Ch\u1ea5p Th\u1ecd<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00f3 Ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0 Th\u1ecd, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y th\u00ec c\u00e1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span> kia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3\u201d. N\u0103m s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 trong hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i do t\u00e2m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> n\u00f3. T\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> do nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m, hay m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u1eafp, ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span>. C\u00e1c Chuy\u1ec3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129 v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00e1c Chuy\u1ec3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec theo duy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3\u2026 C\u00f2n t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n, t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> Phi Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t<\/span>. D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> Sanh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i Ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> s\u1eafc th\u00e2n<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>. C\u00e1c S\u1eafc C\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u00e2n c\u00f3 s\u1eafc c\u0103n<\/span>, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Ba ph\u00e1p Th\u1ecd, No\u00e3n, Th\u1ee9c:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBa ph\u00e1p Th\u1ecd, No\u00e3n, Th\u1ee9c, n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a nhau m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp<\/span>. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span> Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 No\u00e3n kia li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span> Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 No\u00e3n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef, kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/span> g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span> Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 No\u00e3n. Trong ba ph\u00e1p Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 No\u00e3n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span> Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 No\u00e3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>. Khi sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i V\u00f4 S\u1eafc<\/span>, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00e2m V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span>, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u1edf c\u00f5i V\u00f4 S\u1eafc<\/span> kia? \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> h\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp duy tr\u00ec<\/span> Th\u1ecd, No\u00e3n v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Khi th\u1ecd sanh v\u00e0 l\u00fac m\u1ea1ng chung<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> trong khi th\u1ecd sanh v\u00e0 l\u00fac m\u1ea1ng chung<\/span>, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u00ec c\u00e1i t\u00e2m trong khi sanh v\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi sanh v\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u1ebft th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> h\u00f4n mu\u1ed9i<\/span> nh\u01b0 ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea kh\u00f4ng chi\u00eam bao<\/span>, m\u00ea man<\/span>. Khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> minh m\u1eabn<\/span> ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> kh\u1edfi. Trong khi sanh v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 l\u00fac m\u1edbi sanh hay l\u00fac s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. H\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ch\u01a1n D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Th\u1ee9c<\/span> qu\u00e1 vi t\u1ebf<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> do nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp<\/span> n\u1ed1i trong nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi h\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span>. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i h\u1eefu t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m sanh t\u1eed<\/span>. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u1ede v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span> khi sanh v\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c vi t\u1ebf<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5\u201d. Lo\u1ea1i \u00fd th\u1ee9c vi t\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y. Khi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft do nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/span> l\u1ea1nh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01a1i th\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, v\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> n\u01a1i th\u00e2n. C\u00f2n n\u0103m th\u1ee9c nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129 v.v\u2026th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u00ean th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i th\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u00f3 duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> l\u1ea1nh n\u01a1i th\u00e2n l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> do nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u00ean khi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft T\u00e2m D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u00eca x\u00e1c th\u00e2n n\u01a1i n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> l\u1ea1nh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec Th\u1ecd, No\u00e3n v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca nhau n\u00ean n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> l\u1ea1nh kh\u1edfi l\u00ean th\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 phi h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh, ch\u1ed7 th\u00e2n ch\u1ebft phi t\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u1ea7y tuy c\u0169ng do D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c T\u00e2m<\/span> bi\u1ebfn ra v\u00e0 duy\u00ean nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> th\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean minh th\u1ecb<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 duy\u00ean nhau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kh\u1ebf kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ee9c duy\u00ean Danh S\u1eafc<\/span>, Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> duy\u00ean Th\u1ee9c\u201d. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m th\u00ec t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c trong Th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Danh l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n U\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i S\u1eafc (th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c), S\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1i h\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng trong b\u00e0o thai<\/span>. Hai ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Th\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00eca nhau. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129 v.v\u2026 li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o trong Danh. N\u1ebfu Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o duy\u00ean Danh S\u1eafc? C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1ee9c u\u1ea9n<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Danh trong Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho n\u0103m th\u1ee9c th\u00e2n<\/span>, c\u00f2n c\u00e2u \u201cth\u1ee9c duy\u00ean danh s\u1eafc\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, v\u00ec khi m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ph\u00f4i thai ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c h\u1eb1ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u kinh \u201cth\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> duy\u00ean nhau\u201d. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y \u201cTh\u1ee9c duy\u00ean Danh S\u1eafc\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- Th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ebf kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> m\u1edbi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m th\u00ec c\u00e1i th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ef1c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ef1c<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u1ea3 Th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 4 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4 c\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ef1c<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u1ede c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u00f9i<\/span>, v\u1ecb \u2026 bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ef1c<\/span>. \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- X\u00fac th\u1ecd:<\/span><\/p>\n

X\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c<\/span>. Khi x\u00fac t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 sinh ra c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span> h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 x\u00fac t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> n\u01a1i s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a x\u00fac th\u1ef1c<\/span> m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. C\u1ea3nh x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> th\u00f4 ph\u00f9, ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c, x\u1ea3 th\u1ecd<\/span>, thu\u1eadn \u00fd, \u00edch th\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho th\u00e2n, t\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- \u00dd d\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c:<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 m\u00f3ng kh\u1edfi nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span> v\u00e0 mong c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3. T\u01b0 t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu c\u00f9ng sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> v\u1edbi d\u1ee5c t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u01b0a th\u00edch<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u1ef1c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u01b0 t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf n\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng T\u01af t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, v\u00ec \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- Ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ng m\u1ea1ch th\u00e2n, t\u00e2m. Th\u1ee9c h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> do th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n, X\u00fac, T\u01b0 th\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ef1c<\/span>. TH\u1ee8C \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u00e2y tuy chung c\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u01a1n v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n c\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o ba u\u1ea9n (s\u1eafc, h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c u\u1ea9n<\/span>), n\u0103m x\u1ee9 (h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 \u00fd x\u1ee9<\/span>), mu\u1eddi m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi (h\u01b0\u01a1ng , v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p, \u00fd v\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c. X\u00fac v\u00e0 \u00dd t\u01b0 th\u1ef1c<\/span> tuy hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> trong ba c\u00f5i<\/span> nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f9y v\u00e0o s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00ean t\u00f9y theo<\/span> t\u1eebng th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c l\u00fac c\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129 v.v\u2026 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> l\u00e0 l\u00fac trong \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span> (V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>), khi ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea, khi ch\u1ebft ng\u1ea5t, khi \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. Lai n\u1eefa khi \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u00e2m<\/span>, t\u00f9y c\u0103n s\u1edf y<\/span>, c\u1ea3nh s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch theo ba t\u00e1nh, ba c\u00f5i<\/span>, ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ecba do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng<\/span> v\u00ec c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp, ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho bi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1i<\/span>. V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ef1c<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u00e2n:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00e2n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t (th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/span> ra v\u00e0o, ng\u1eef h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea7m t\u01b0, \u00fd h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng), nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng (th\u1ecd) kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng n\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u0103n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1i<\/span>, \u201cTh\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u00e2n\u201d. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u201cth\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u00e2n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u0103n kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u00ean th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u201cth\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u00e2n\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m vi t\u1ebf<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> Th\u1ecd, No\u00e3n m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u00e2n m\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng . \u201cTh\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u00e2n\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u (\u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103ng ? \u0110\u1ecbnh n\u1ea7y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span> (\u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u1edfi) do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 5 th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span>, v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a 5 th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 5 th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u1edfi khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u201cTh\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u00e2n\u201d d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y v\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span>, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> Th\u1ecd, No\u00e3n v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>, v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span>. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu trong Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>. V\u00ec h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 n\u00ean m\u1edbi nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3 kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cTr\u00fa trong di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa trong Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201c\u00dd v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m duy\u00ean sanh<\/span> ra \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ba th\u1ee9 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> sanh ra x\u00fac, n\u01a1i x\u00fac c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0. N\u1ebfu trong di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00f3 \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span>, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a X\u00fac, v\u00e0 x\u00fac ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span> ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi Th\u1ecd, T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 T\u01b0. V\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> ? Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00ec ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t<\/span> T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean l\u00e0m lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, sanh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, n\u00ean khi \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh ba s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sanh X\u00fac, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecd. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m k\u1ebft nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> n\u00eau tr\u00ean ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> v\u00ec trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ch\u00fang n\u00f3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u1edfi, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi th\u00e2n\u201d nh\u01b0 trong Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u201cTh\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi th\u00e2n\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00ec khi nh\u1eadp Di\u1ec7t<\/span> T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> ng\u01b0ng ngh\u1ec9 c\u00e1i th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p tr\u00ec<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- T\u00e2m t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cV\u00ec t\u00e2m t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> n\u00ean h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, v\u00ec t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u00ean h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh\u201d. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> v\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span>, n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i t\u00e2m m\u00e0 tr\u1ee5. T\u00e2m hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i: Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span>, Nghi\u1ec7p, Qu\u1ea3. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u1ea1 gi\u1edbi<\/span> h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 sinh nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh sau \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 x\u00e9t t\u00ecm nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> trong hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m duy tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nay kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u1eabn x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn trong hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba, hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span> cho ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> sau khi qua l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ecbnh, nhi\u1ec5m, c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> t\u00ecm t\u00e0ng n\u01a1i T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i \u201ch\u00e0nh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean sanh<\/span> th\u1ee9c\u201d (m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh v\u00ec c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i \u201cki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do H\u00c0NH chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span>, m\u00e0 n\u00f3i H\u00c0NH<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean cho DANH S\u1eaeC<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec gi\u1eefa h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 danh s\u1eafc<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1eadn v\u1ecb c\u00e1ch xa nhau<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean cho nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u201cH\u00e0nh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean cho Danh S\u1eafc\u201d kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, c\u00e1c chi sau nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i \u201cH\u00e0nh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean cho L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp\u201d, \u201cTh\u1ee7 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean cho L\u00e3o T\u1eed\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m trong ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> 12 chi c\u1ee7a l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 3 th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea0O CH\u1ee6NG TH\u1ebe GIAN<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea0O CH\u1ee6NG XU\u1ea4T TH\u1ebe GIAN<\/span> v\u00e0 QU\u1ea2 \u0110O\u1ea0N<\/span> D\u1ee8T. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Th\u1ee9c<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7ng thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian<\/span> v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 sau khi t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i (t\u00e2m th\u1ebf gian<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00e2m xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span>) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u1ebf gian<\/span> v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> th\u00ec khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ee9t. Hai t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00ec t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nhau nh\u01b0 t\u00e1nh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, v\u1ecb lai<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3. \u0110\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0110o\u1ea1n Qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu do \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, l\u00fac sau kh\u00f4ng sanh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp \u0110o\u1ea1n Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00fac m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/span>, v\u00ec c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> l\u00fac sau \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n n\u00ean v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai .<\/span><\/p>\n

F- Nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> (theo Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n (E) n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> 10 \u0111i\u1ec1u trong Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi trong Kinh l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi th\u00eam v\u00e0o sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111o\u00e1n cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>. C\u00f3 l\u00fd l\u1ebd sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c kinh l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ef1 k\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c sau khi Ph\u1eadt di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u00eam v\u00e0o v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 ri\u00eang, ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 k\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i t\u1eebng d\u1ef1 k\u00fd c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 \u1ee7y s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra. Ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ef1 k\u00fd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau khi Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span> s\u1ebd ra \u0111\u1eddi xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span>, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4ng \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Sau khi ta nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai<\/span> s\u1ebd c\u00f3 v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> danh \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u1edbn hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ta, trong th\u1ebf gian<\/span> hi\u1ec3n ng\u00e3, ch\u1ee9ng s\u01a1 hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, \u1edf t\u1ea1i nam Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac<\/span> lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5p<\/span> C\u00d3 v\u00e0 KH\u00d4NG .<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Kinh Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00e0 Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u00f9ng l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> c\u1ea3 kinh Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00e0 Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u00f9ng l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- N\u1ed9i dung si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a<\/span> trong kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> r\u1ea5t cao si\u00eau, r\u1ea5t \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebb ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf gian<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> h\u1ebft \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u1ea5y \u0111\u1eebng n\u00f3i chi \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span> ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u1ed9i dung qu\u00e1 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> m\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> n\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 hoa t\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> khoa h\u1ecdc, thi\u00ean v\u0103n<\/span> h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9<\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> n\u1ed5i, ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y trong kinh \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Do qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft<\/span> gi\u1ea3ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> do c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> Th\u00edch Ca<\/span> n\u00f3i. D\u00f9 c\u00f3 do c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i \u0111i n\u1eefa \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 nhau kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> trong d\u00e2n gian. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> m\u00e0 ra, do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> Th\u00edch Ca<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> th\u00ec gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Thanh V\u0103n Th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. V\u00ec ngo\u00e0i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Ph\u00e1p tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ai tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span> tu theo nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> trong kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ed<\/span>, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span> t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- \u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> cao si\u00eau tho\u00e1t<\/span> ngo\u00e0i v\u0103n t\u1ef1<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y trong c\u00e1c kinh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> r\u1ea5t cao th\u00e2m huy\u1ec1n<\/span> nhi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 y c\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0o v\u0103n t\u1ef1<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0103n<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed tu t\u1eadp<\/span> t\u00edch l\u0169y<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp<\/span> tham c\u1ee9u<\/span> m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng di\u1ec7u ngh\u0129a cao si\u00eau \u1ea5y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y m\u00e0 tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> trong Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tham c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u0103n t\u1ef1<\/span> su\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, sau c\u00f9ng khi ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> cao si\u00eau \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean 7 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eeba n\u00eau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u00ednh do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 10 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00eau ra trong ph\u1ea7n (E) tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. Qua 7 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eeba lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng trong ph\u1ea7n (F) ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c Kinh \u0110i\u1ec3n<\/span> l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f3m k\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00eau tr\u00ean xin tr\u00edch b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng trong lu\u1eadn Trang Nghi\u00eam<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eb3ng k\u00fd, c\u00f9ng l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span>, ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c v\u0103n.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- CH\u1ee8NG MINH<\/span> QUA NH\u1eeeNG TR\u01af\u1edcNG H\u1ee2P<\/span> C\u00d3 TH\u1ec2 KI\u1ec2M CH\u1ee8NG<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> c\u01a1 n\u0103ng<\/span> n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>… c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u do n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, m\u1edbi l\u00ean b\u1ea3y tu\u1ed5i, ch\u01b0a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i n\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n k\u1ef7 h\u00e0 h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u01b0a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee9c n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0a ghi nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 duy th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc<\/span> r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00edch t\u1eadp t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> do Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u01a1 n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span>, duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecda xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m ng\u1ef1a v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t quan v\u00f5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ec9nh Giang Nam (Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>), c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f9i ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i l\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc ra d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 ng\u1ef1a khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>. V\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ng\u1ed3i gh\u1ebf ch\u00e1nh \u00e1n<\/span> x\u1eed oan \u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i t\u1eed h\u00ecnh n\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda l\u00e0m ki\u1ebfp ng\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ebfp ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3 xong n\u1ee3<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng h\u1ed1i l\u1ed7i<\/span> x\u01b0a n\u00ean ki\u1ebfp sau<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tuy th\u1ebf<\/span> v\u1ebft t\u00edch l\u00f4ng ng\u1ef1a m\u1ecdc d\u00e0i \u1edf \u0111\u00f9i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ebft t\u00edch lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> t\u1eeb lo\u00e0i ng\u1ef1a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span> cho ta th\u1ea5y trong ki\u1ebfp lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u00fa v\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u00fa v\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y trong nhi\u1ec1u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> do Ng\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ra r\u1eb1ng Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> n\u01a1i l\u00f2ai v\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ghi \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> tr\u00edch trong \u201cT\u00edn Tr\u1eebng L\u1ee5c\u201d do H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch B\u1ea3o L\u1ea1c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb H\u00e1n v\u0103n ra Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n).<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Edgar Cayce<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> xin d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Edgar Caycy \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span>. E.Caycy sinh t\u1ea1i Christian Country, Kentucky Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1877, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh m\u1ea5t h\u1eb3n ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu thua<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng sau khi \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u201cth\u00f4i mi\u00ean truy h\u1ed3n\u201d ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u<\/span> cho th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n<\/span> gi\u00fap \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c<\/span>, n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 x\u01b0a. S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean do<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. Sau \u0111\u00f3 E. Caycy \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u201cthu\u1eadt th\u00f4i mi\u00ean<\/span> truy h\u1ed3n\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh cho h\u1ecd, nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y<\/span> c\u00f3 Mary E. Carter v\u00e0 Dr. William A. McGarey nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> E. Caycy trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> \u201cEdgar Caycy On Healing\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

E. Caycy c\u00f2n c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1ch xa \u00f4ng h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00e2y s\u1ed1…<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u1ea7y cho ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00f4i mi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> b\u1ecbnh t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i t\u00ecm ra<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span> h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u.<\/span><\/p>\n

C-T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng sinh l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y do B\u00e1c s\u0129<\/span> Ian Stevenson, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Virginia Hoa K\u1ef3 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/span> Virginia).<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00f4 g\u00e1i Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n (nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span>) l\u00fac sinh ra c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay tr\u00ean b\u00e0n tay m\u1eb7t b\u1ecb c\u1ee5t g\u1ea7n s\u00e1t b\u00e0n tay. C\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edb v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> kinh ho\u00e0ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 nghe nh\u01b0 sau: Ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 t\u1eed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 v\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t c\u0103m gi\u1eadn quy\u1ebft l\u1eadp k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9<\/span> cho con g\u00e1i m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m b\u00e0 thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t t\u00ean gi\u1ebft m\u01b0\u1edbn d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t thanh ki\u1ebfm ch\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ch\u00e9m ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c<\/span> kia, anh ta s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span> qu\u00e1 li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0a tay ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 la l\u00ean: Tr\u1eddi \u01a1i! \u0110\u1eebng gi\u1ebft t\u00f4i! Nh\u01b0ng t\u00ean gi\u1ebft m\u01b0\u1edbn v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng tay, \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfm c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2m anh ta ch\u1ebft ngay t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ian Stevenson \u0111\u00e3 cho c\u1eed t\u1ecda<\/span> xem h\u00ecnh ch\u1ee5p b\u00e0n tay ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb c\u1ee5t c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u t\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>, b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t ngay t\u1eeb ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00ean cho ta k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai di\u1ec1u: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 trong ki\u1ebfp lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> mang nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft t\u00edch lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9 hay m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan<\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span> c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh tro b\u1ee5i r\u1ed3i. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ecd sang \u0111\u1eddi kia, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111em nh\u1eefng v\u1ebft t\u00edch t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba ch\u1ebft A nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba ch\u1ebft B<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1ed5 Th\u00f4ng<\/span> b\u00e0i th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u2018\u2019LU\u00c2N H\u1ed4I\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Hoa c\u00f3 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch nay kho\u1ea3ng 30 n\u0103m, x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i C\u00e0 Mau, d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n t\u00e1n<\/span> x\u00f4n xao v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> thay nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e1c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i x\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea7m D\u01a1i (C\u00e0 Mau) \u1edf l\u00e0ng T\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t, gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> \u00f4ng c\u1ea3 Hi\u00eau c\u00f3 c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i 19 tu\u1ed5i b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh r\u1ed3i qua \u0111\u1eddi. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00f3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3m thi\u1ebfc, trong ni\u1ec1m \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn<\/span> t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 ai c\u0169ng c\u1ea7u mong sao cho con g\u00e1i s\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> v\u00ec c\u00f4 c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 tr\u1ebb, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd<\/span> d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> d\u1ec5 m\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u0103m c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 \u1edf l\u00e0ng V\u0129nh M\u1ef9 (B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau) gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> \u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba c\u00f3 c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd<\/span> c\u0169ng b\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i qua \u0111\u1eddi. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00f3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3m thi\u1ebft<\/span> chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ma chay<\/span> t\u1ea9n li\u1ec7m th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span> c\u00f4 g\u00e1i b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean s\u1ed1ng d\u1eady v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y t\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f4 g\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc chi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4 ch\u1ebft. C\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u1eeda m\u1eebng n\u1eeda s\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong khi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y r\u1ed3i… C\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111ang h\u1ed3i h\u1ed9p<\/span> b\u00e1n t\u00edn b\u00e1n nghi<\/span>, c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i n\u00f3i c\u00f4 l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u1ea3 Hi\u00eau \u1edf l\u00e0ng T\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t x\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea7m D\u01a1i C\u00e0 Mau ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i con c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u1ea7y. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00e0ng ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 cho r\u1eb1ng ma nh\u1eadp x\u00e1c n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1edd th\u1ea7y tr\u1eeb t\u00e0<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00fang. C\u00f4 g\u00e1i th\u00ec t\u1ec9nh b\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ma qu\u1ec9<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i \u00f4ng c\u1ea3 Hi\u00eau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i d\u1eabn c\u00f4 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 c\u0169 \u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u0103m c\u00e2y s\u1ed1. Qua m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ea5y c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ec9 \u00e1m hay ma nh\u1eadp chi c\u1ea3, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u chi v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3y may<\/span> n\u00e0o. C\u00f4 c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f4 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> \u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/span> theo s\u1ef1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u0111i C\u00e0 Mau \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng T\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u1eadt h\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o…<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi v\u1eeba v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u1ea3 Hi\u00eau c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 c\u00f2n ng\u01a1 ng\u00e1c ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft th\u1eadt h\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4m h\u00f4n cha m\u1eb9<\/span> l\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u00e0 c\u1ea3 Hi\u00eau n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi m\u1eebng r\u1ee1 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> r\u1ed3i \u0111i r\u00f3t n\u01b0\u1edbc pha tr\u00e0 m\u1eddi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con g\u00e1i trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft… Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m h\u1ecfi c\u00f4 v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span>, gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> \u00f4ng c\u1ea3 Hi\u00eau x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i y\u00eau qu\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00e1c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 hai gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> k\u1ebft th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> c\u00f4 g\u00e1i \u1ea5y sau n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng hai ph\u1ea7n gia t\u00e0i<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qua c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> cho ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> h\u1eadu ki\u1ebfp x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft<\/span> m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> k\u00fd \u1ee9c ghi nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span> r\u1eb1ng Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ea1y qua th\u00ec b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n…<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ghi \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>, duy tr\u00ec<\/span> m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> theo nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span>, t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Anh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng<\/span> l\u00e0 Reincarnation. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng do \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng qua s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t chu k\u1ef3 sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span>. V\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> sinh ra, l\u1edbn l\u00ean r\u1ed3i gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span>. S\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> \u1ea5y do Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1eaft d\u1eabn. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p (Volitional action, karma) trong nhi\u1ec1u Kinh. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn NGHI\u1ec6P l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, th\u00f4ng qua h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> do ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Tham (covetousness ‘raga’), S\u00e2n (hatred, anger ‘pratigha’), v\u00e0 Si (delusion ‘moha’), \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng Tham, Kh\u00f4ng S\u00e2n, Kh\u00f4ng Si.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201dCon ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u1eeba t\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 thai t\u1ea1ng sinh ra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d. (Owners of their Karma are the beings, heirs of their karma, the karma is their womb from which they are born. Majjhima Nikaya 135).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n<\/span> v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc La H\u00e1n<\/span> (v\u00f4 sinh<\/span>) v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tho\u00e1t v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Du c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft trong Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 mang l\u1ea5y nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u00e2n<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng tr\u00e1ch l\u1eabn tr\u1eddi g\u1ea7n tr\u1eddi xa<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> \u1edf t\u1ea1i l\u00f2ng ta<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef t\u00e2m kia m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng ba ch\u1eef t\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1eef NGHI\u1ec6P trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> v\u00e0 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- C\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (weighty karma): Nh\u01b0 gi\u1ebft cha m\u1eb9<\/span>, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c…<\/span><\/p>\n

2- T\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p (habitual karma): Nghi\u1ec7p do th\u00f3i quen<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- T\u00edch l\u0169y<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (stored-up karma): Nghi\u1ec7p do c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 t\u00edch t\u1ee5<\/span> l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- C\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (death-proximate karma): Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra do c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00fac g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- N\u0103ng h\u1ee7y nghi\u1ec7p (destructive karma):<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p do nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c \u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> nay \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebft b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc k\u1ef3 t\u1eed nh\u01b0 g\u1eb7p tai n\u1ea1n<\/span> xe c\u1ed9 ch\u1ebft, ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb k\u1ebb c\u01b0\u1edbp<\/span> b\u1eafn gi\u1ebft v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> lo\u1ea1i N\u0103ng H\u1ee7y Nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1n k\u1ef3 th\u1ecd<\/span> m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc k\u1ef3 t\u1eed, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ebft tr\u00f4ng m\u1eb7t m\u00e0y kinh d\u1ecb<\/span>, m\u00ecnh m\u1ea9y cong queo hay m\u1eaft m\u1edf tr\u1eebng tr\u1eebng<\/span>, mi\u1ec7ng m\u1ed3m h\u00e1 h\u1ed1c v.v..<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p chung<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang, nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> v.v…<\/span>
N\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean 60 lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 h\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qu\u00e1 xa qu\u00ean \u0111i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> t\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9a c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> th\u00eam vai tr\u00f2<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c… c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. Khi nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> d\u1eaft d\u1eabn s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> qua ki\u1ebfp sau<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

E- S\u1ef1 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> do nguy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c<\/span>, do ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span> trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n…<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> (c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Dung tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u1ed3n Vi\u1ec7t 1993) theo \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u00ecm v\u1ecb L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1419 khi \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> Tsong Khapa qua \u0111\u1eddi. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> S\u01b0 Gedun Truppa thay th\u1ebf cho<\/span> Ng\u00e0i trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> Gedun Truppa ra s\u1ee9c ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span> v\u00e0 ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ra s\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u00e1i Geluppas (ph\u00e1i m\u0169 v\u00e0ng).<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> Gedun Truppa c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> do Ng\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 sau n\u1ea7y d\u00f9ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. Sau khi Ng\u00e0i m\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai n\u0103m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> d\u00f2 t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i nghe c\u00f3 tin t\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span>. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng k\u1ebf c\u1eadn th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u00f3 c\u1eadu b\u00e9 m\u1edbi hai tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 h\u1eadu th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> Gedun Truppa. Sau nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i t\u1eeb ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> chung v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c xong h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o Ng\u00e0i l\u1ef1a ri\u00eang nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 Ng\u00e0i l\u1ef1a ra \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng sai. Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u00fang cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecdc th\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd m\u1edbi hai tu\u1ed5i Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> nghe…<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u1ecb h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a Ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 tu vi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00f4n Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m S\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u1ea5y danh hi\u1ec7u<\/span> l\u00e0 Gedun Gyatso. V\u1ecb S\u01b0 n\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> k\u00ednh n\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ecb S\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i trong khi ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span> \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> m\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i l\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1 xa th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Gedun Gyatso. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m b\u00e9 b\u1ea3o cha m\u1eb9<\/span> r\u1eb1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u00e0 lo tr\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0y mai \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch qu\u00ed. C\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn nghe l\u1eddi<\/span> b\u00e9 s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi c\u1eadu ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau c\u00f3 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> \u0111i t\u00ecm h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span>. Qua nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed th\u00e1ch<\/span> tr\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 cho l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn<\/span> nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u0169ng cho b\u00e9 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp<\/span>, h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span>. M\u1eddi c\u1eadu b\u00e9 v\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5n phong Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Sonaw Gyatso. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n v\u1ecb h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> sau t\u1ecf ra<\/span> t\u00e0i ba l\u1ed7i<\/span> l\u1ea1c h\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ee5 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi do Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef v\u00e0 sau m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u00eam l\u00ean th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> Sonaw Gyatso l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho t\u01b0\u1edbng hung h\u00e3n c\u1ee7a M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e3n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>. Ch\u00ednh t\u01b0\u1edbng M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 phong \u0110\u1ea1i<\/span> S\u01b0 l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u mong \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1588 \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> Sonaw Gyatso qua \u0111\u1eddi. N\u0103m 1593 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> t\u00ecm h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 tu vi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 phong Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m S\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u00ean l\u00e0 Yonsten Gyatso (Ch\u00ednh v\u1ecb<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e3n M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span>), nh\u1edd t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 d\u00e2n M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> ph\u1ed3n th\u1ecbnh<\/span> an c\u01b0 l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi Ng\u00e0i qua \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 5 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Lobsang Gyatso. Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> n\u1ea7y cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Potala \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00e1c tu vi\u1ec7n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. T\u0103ng ni<\/span> c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n r\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span> r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed3n vinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> th\u1ee9 13 l\u00e0 Thupten Gyatso c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i d\u00f2m ng\u00f3<\/span> T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> s\u1ebd h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. Sau khi Ng\u00e0i m\u1ea5t, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 xua qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p<\/span> d\u00e2n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c em b\u00e9 Lhamo sau n\u1ea7y th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1t Lai L\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> th\u1ee9 14 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> t\u00e0i ba l\u1ed7i<\/span> l\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n, c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> xem Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p<\/span> d\u00e3 man<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>. N\u0103m 1959 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00eam khuya Ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i b\u00ed m\u1eadt<\/span> r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi cung \u0111i\u1ec7n Potala v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u<\/span> \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> cho d\u00e2n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span>. Hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng<\/span> t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<\/span> Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng qu\u00ed m\u1ebfn Ng\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9<\/span> l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i n\u1ea7y (trong ph\u1ea7n ( I ) c\u00e1c t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, qua v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> sau (Theo s\u00e1ch \u201cThe Buddha and his teachings\u201d c\u1ee7a N\u00e3rada Maha Thera):<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u201cV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch<\/span> t\u1ef1a h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc v\u0129 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- T\u1ea1i sao hai tr\u1ebb sinh \u0111\u00f4i gi\u1ed1ng nhau y h\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 nhau m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- T\u1ea1i sao trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span>, n\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> (lai gi\u1ed1ng) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> th\u00ec con c\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng nhau h\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- T\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7t bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- T\u1ea1i sao cha m\u1eb9<\/span> v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- T\u1ea1i sao tr\u1ebb con c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0 tham lam<\/span>, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn<\/span>, ganh t\u1ecb…<\/span><\/p>\n

9- T\u1ea1i sao khi g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 ta d\u00e3 c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m<\/span> hay \u00e1c c\u1ea3m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- T\u1ea1i sao trong m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/p>\n

11- T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, b\u1ef1c thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng hay<\/span> k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e1nh<\/span> s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

12- T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> cha m\u1eb9<\/span> hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh con hung \u00e1c, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 cha m\u1eb9<\/span> hung d\u1eef l\u1ea1i sanh con hi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

13- T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/span><\/p>\n

14- Theo thuy\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 b\u1eadc to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c<\/span>, b\u1eadc gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee7<\/span> to\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>…\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG B\u1ed0N<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u1ee8C N\u0102NG<\/span> C\u1ee6A TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/span><\/div>\n

TH\u1ec2 HI\u1ec6N<\/span> QUA NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span> V\u00c0 NGHI\u1ec6P D\u1eaaN T\u00c1I SINH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

I- NGU\u1ed4N G\u1ed0C C\u1ee6A L\u00dd DUY\u00caN KH\u1edeI<\/span> (12 NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span> Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> t\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u00e0ng<\/span> (Buddha Gay\u00e3) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> (vimutti sukha). Trong \u0111\u00eam th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n Ng\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 suy ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> (Paticca samupp\u00e3da) theo chi\u1ec1u xu\u00f4i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cKhi c\u00e1i [nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span>] n\u1ea7y c\u00f3, th\u00ec c\u00e1i [k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3] n\u1ea7y c\u00f3; v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i [nh\u00e2n] n\u1ea7y, c\u00e1i [qu\u1ea3] n\u1ea7y ph\u00e1t sinh\u201d. (when this [cause] exists, this [effect] is; with the arising of this [cause], this [effect] arises).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 sau: T\u1eeb n\u01a1i V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh, thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i H\u00e0nh, Th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i Danh S\u1eafc<\/span>, L\u1ee5c c\u0103n<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i L\u1ee5c C\u0103n<\/span>, X\u00fac ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i x\u00fac, Th\u1ecd ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i Th\u1ecd, \u00c1i D\u1ee5c<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i \u00c1i D\u1ee5c<\/span>, Th\u1ee7 ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i Th\u1ee7, H\u1eefu ph\u00e1t sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i H\u1eefu c\u00f3 Sinh. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i Sinh<\/span> m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh b\u1ecbnh, L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> (soka), ta th\u00e1n<\/span> (parideva), \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> (dukkha), \u00e2u s\u1ea7u<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong \u0111\u00eam \u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 suy ni\u1ec7m 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> theo chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cKhi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n n\u1ea7y, qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t\u201d. (when this cause does not exit, this effect is not; with the cessation of this cause, this effect ceases).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> c\u1ee7a H\u00e0nh, Th\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>. C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cv\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Sanh, B\u1ecbnh, T\u1eed, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, ta th\u00e1n<\/span>, \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span>, \u00e2u s\u1ea7u<\/span>, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> canh ba \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> suy ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u201ct\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t sanh\u201d theo chi\u1ec1u xu\u00f4i v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cKhi nh\u01a1n n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea7y c\u00f3. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u01a1n n\u1ea7y qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea7y ph\u00e1t sinh. Khi nh\u01a1n n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> nh\u01a1n n\u1ea7y, qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cT\u1eeb V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t sinh v.v… Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y, to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> v.v\u2026 Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y, to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh A-H\u00e0m \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1i n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3, c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y sinh th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia sinh\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1i n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y di\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Amasmin sati idam hoti imas\u2019uppada idam uppajiati, imasanim arati idam na hoti imassa nirodba idam nirvjjhati, yad idam…).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7y d\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 l\u00fd Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Khi d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>, ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u00ea l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a minh th\u1ecb<\/span> ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span> k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 truy nguy\u00ean<\/span> v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a 12 chi trong l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n trong Kinh T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau (10) :<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1c T\u1ef3 Kheo! X\u01b0a kia<\/span>, khi ta c\u00f2n l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1c<\/span>, ta t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129: C\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y th\u1eadt do nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 (kiccha) r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span>: Sinh, gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i sinh ra, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft tho\u00e1t ly<\/span> c\u00e1i kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i kh\u1ed5 gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ly? L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft? Do \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft ?<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 ta ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span>: Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 sinh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft, do sinh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129: Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh, c\u00f3 h\u1eefu, c\u00f3 \u00e1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ecd, c\u00f3 x\u00fac, c\u00f3 l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span>, c\u00f3 danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 danh s\u1eafc?<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 ta ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span>: Do c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00f3 danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, nh\u1edd Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 danh s\u1eafc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i ta l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: Do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c?<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ta t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129, Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span>, v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>) c\u00f3 gi\u00e0, sinh, ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u1ea5y danh s\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c, l\u1ea5y Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, l\u1ea5y danh s\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span>, l\u1ea5y l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 x\u00fac v.v… Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 u\u1ea9n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1edbn thay nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u1ea5y! Th\u1ebf l\u00e0, v\u1edbi ta, ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng nghe nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y m\u00e0 sinh m\u1eaft, sinh tr\u00ed, sinh tu\u1ec7, sinh s\u00e1ng, sinh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ta l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i g\u00ec di\u1ec7t th\u00ec gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft di\u1ec7t ?<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 ta ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span>: Kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft, sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00ec gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng h\u1eefu<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng x\u00fac, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00e1i g\u00ec di\u1ec7t th\u00ec danh s\u1eafc<\/span> di\u1ec7t?<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 ta ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 danh s\u1eafc<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t th\u00ec danh s\u1eafc<\/span> di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ta l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c? C\u00e1i g\u00ec di\u1ec7t th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t?<\/span><\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 ta ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span>: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 danh s\u1eafc<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c, danh s\u1eafc<\/span> di\u1ec7t, th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ta l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 ngh\u0129, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 ta v\u1eeba ng\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, danh s\u1eafc<\/span> di\u1ec7t th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t, Th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t th\u00ec danh s\u1eafc<\/span> di\u1ec7t, do danh s\u1eafc<\/span> di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span> di\u1ec7t, l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span> di\u1ec7t th\u00ec x\u00fac di\u1ec7t, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span>… Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed5 u\u1ea9n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1edbn thay s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u1ea5y! Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u1edbi ta ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng nghe ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u1ea5y m\u00e0 sinh m\u1eaft, sinh tr\u00ed, sinh tu\u1ec7, sinh s\u00e1ng, sinh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang th\u01a1 th\u1ea9n<\/span> trong c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng hoang b\u1ed7ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 \u0111i theo<\/span> l\u1ed1i m\u00f2n \u1ea5y m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a v\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1eddn, s\u00e2n, r\u1eebng c\u00e2y, ao sen v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng hoa v.v…\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n kinh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho ta th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> tho\u00e1t ly<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2<\/span> tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn 10 chi trong 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> Ph\u1eadt sau n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi th\u00eam v\u00e0o. C\u0169ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 sau v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> n\u1ea7y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> gi\u00e1o t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn<\/span> s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng trong kinh A H\u00e0m<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cN\u1ea7y Ca Chi\u00ean Di\u00ean! Ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 hai b\u00ean, t\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, … Ca Chi\u00ean Di\u00ean! B\u1ea3o h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y l\u00e0 c\u00f3, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t bi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb bi\u00ean<\/span> ki\u1ebfn. Ca Chi\u00ean Di\u00ean! Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p xa l\u00eca<\/span> nh\u1ecb bi\u00ean<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 H\u00e0nh, H\u00e0nh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c…\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta th\u1ea5y trong \u0111o\u1ea1n Kinh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 l\u00fd trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> quan v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> Quan. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> ch\u1ea5p Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m ng\u00e3 m\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf<\/span> vi\u1ec7c tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> vai tr\u00f2<\/span> tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2<\/span> tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c trong 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2<\/span> ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfp<\/span> qua \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> Quan, t\u1eeb hai \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh tr\u00ean t\u00ednh ra \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 12 chi t\u1eeb V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh… Sinh, L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> trong lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u201c \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00f3i, do ch\u1ed7 quan s\u00e1t<\/span> v\u1ec1 Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai chi t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i T\u1eed<\/span> th\u00e0nh A La H\u00e1n\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng nh\u1edd qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y m\u00e0 X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i T\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> A La H\u00e1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> tr\u00ean cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> x\u00e1c quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> cho h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong M\u00e3dhyamaka S\u00e3stra (Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span>) c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i N\u00e3g\u00e3rjuna (Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>) ph\u1ea9m Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 16 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng V\u1ea1n V\u1eadt<\/span> t\u1eeb tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i<\/span> sinh, t\u1eeb tr\u1eddi V\u0129 N\u1eefu sinh, t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span> sinh, t\u1eeb Th\u1eddi Sinh, t\u1eeb Th\u1ebf T\u00ednh sinh, t\u1eeb Bi\u1ebfn H\u00f3a sinh<\/span>, t\u1eeb T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean<\/span> sinh, t\u1eeb Vi Tr\u1ea7n<\/span> sinh v.v\u2026 V\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p: V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, t\u00e0 nh\u00e2n, \u0111o\u1ea1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng v.v\u2026 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p: Ng\u00e3, ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span>; do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng Thanh V\u0103n<\/span>, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y 12 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft l\u00ean b\u1eadc cao h\u01a1n Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u00f5 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng sinh ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng \u0111o\u1ea1n v.v\u2026 r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 Ba La M\u1eadt<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o<\/span> \u00f4ng Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: \u201cB\u1ed3 T\u00e1t khi ng\u1ed3i \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u00e0ng<\/span>, qu\u00e1n 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn\u2026\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00e1p<\/span>, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u th\u00e2m \u00fd trong l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0o v\u0103n t\u1ef1<\/span>, nghe trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cNgh\u0129a r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o\u201d nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u00ec nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> g\u00ec m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, sinh t\u00e2m nghi ng\u1edd<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span>: \u201cN\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m sao ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o<\/span> \u1ee9ng; v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u1ebf?\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u00ean ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> vi\u1ebft 16 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau (Do ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n ra H\u00e1n v\u0103n, Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t):<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t,<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i.<\/span><\/p>\n

(B\u1ea5t sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t<\/span>, b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t nh\u1ee9t di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t d\u1ecb, b\u1ea5t lai<\/span> di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Kh\u00e9o n\u00f3i nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u1ea5y<\/span><\/p>\n

Hay di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng h\u00ed lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/p>\n

Con c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(N\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> th\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, thi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7t ch\u01b0 h\u00ed lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e3 kh\u1ec3 th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, ch\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> trung \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m k\u1ebft 8 ph\u00e1p: Kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t; kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n; kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c; kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> nh\u01b0ng 8 m\u00f3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed5ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u1ec1 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng Sinh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span>; nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c th\u1ec3; ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i trong nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3; ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i trong nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3; ho\u1eb7c cho l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 sinh; ho\u1eb7c cho l\u00e0 do c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c sinh; ho\u1eb7c do t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 tha c\u1ed9ng sinh; ho\u1eb7c cho l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v.v\u2026 T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ebft \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u phi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng Sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng Sinh<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7t n\u00ean s\u00e1u m\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o ngh\u0129a ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng sinh, ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1eadt t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u00e0 nay kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110o\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 T\u00ednh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng sinh ch\u1eb3ng di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n m\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c; ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i th\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? N\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>. Nh\u1ea5t th\u1ec3<\/span> th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c? M\u1ea7m n\u1ea3y sinh t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t l\u00faa nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t l\u00faa. Hai v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i? M\u1ea7m trong h\u1ea1t l\u00faa kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong h\u1ea1t l\u00faa n\u00ean n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111i v\u00ec m\u1ea7m \u1ea5y sinh ra t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t l\u00faa v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y l\u00faa, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> m\u1ea7m t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 di \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng<\/span> cho t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sinh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 6 m\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1eefa, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ef1 sinh<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb tha sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4<\/span> nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> b\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 sanh, di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng tha sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n<\/span>, th\u1ecb c\u1ed1<\/span> tri v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sinh ra t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> m\u1edbi sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1<\/span> ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 sinh ra t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1 th\u1ec3<\/span>: s\u1edf sinh v\u00e0 n\u0103ng sinh. V\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh th\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00f3 c\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 sinh sinh<\/span> m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ea1t l\u00faa c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o m\u00e3i th\u00ec t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Mu\u1ed1n cho h\u1ea1t l\u00faa n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e2m n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i gieo xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> n\u00f3 m\u1edbi n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 sinh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c? V\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ea1t cam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sinh ra c\u00e2y l\u00faa.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1t l\u00faa tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t cam v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4 r\u00e1o m\u00e3i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh. Do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 sinh ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1<\/span> nhi\u00ean sinh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3. Ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 qu\u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n m\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/span> c\u1ee9 ng\u1ed3i ch\u1edd tr\u00ean t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 m\u1ecdc ra c\u00e2y qu\u00edt th\u00ec than \u00f4i c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c!<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n v\u00f4 sinh<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> c\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00ec l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 Sinh v\u1edbi v\u00f4 sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Nh\u01b0 t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i trong duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ed1n d\u0129 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tha t\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, b\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u01b0 duy\u00ean trung<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0129 v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ed1, tha t\u00e1nh di\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5c v\u00f4)<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh<\/span> l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 Th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. V\u00ec c\u00e1c duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> sinh ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00ean n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c duy\u00ean tan r\u00e3 th\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u1ea5t do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u1edf trong c\u00e1c duy\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u1eed, nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n t\u1eed k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i c\u00e1c duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> sinh ra. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111i th\u00ec v\u1eadt \u1ea5y b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u1eadt \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span> g\u00ec c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 do c\u00e1c duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh ra. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> n\u00ean tha t\u00ednh h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec t\u1ef1 sinh, tha sinh<\/span>, c\u1ed9ng sinh, v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n<\/span> sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng sinh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>, T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n Duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n Duy\u00ean th\u1ee9 n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 duy\u00ean<\/span>, duy\u00ean duy\u00ean<\/span> t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 duy\u00ean sanh<\/span> ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span>, C\u00e1nh v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 duy\u00ean<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 duy\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1u gom v\u00e0o 4 duy\u00ean k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean. Do b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/span>. Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, tr\u1eeb t\u00e2m t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A La H\u00e1n<\/span> qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hay t\u1eeb phi duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong duy\u00ean \u1ea5y c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Hay duy\u00ean \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Qu\u1ea3 vi t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, vi t\u00f9ng phi duy\u00ean sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb duy\u00ean vi h\u1eefu qu\u1ea3<\/span>, th\u1ecb duy\u00ean vi v\u00f4 qu\u1ea3<\/span> )<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u1ea5y sinh qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a sinh<\/span><\/p>\n

Sao kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi Phi Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u00e2n th\u1ecb ph\u00e1p sinh qu\u1ea3, th\u1ecb ph\u00e1p danh<\/span> vi duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecb qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> sanh, h\u00e0 b\u1ea5t danh phi duy\u00ean)<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1i b\u00e1nh m\u00ec. Khi th\u1ea5y b\u00e1nh m\u00ec ta bi\u1ebft do n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t nh\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i n\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh b\u00e1nh m\u00ec. B\u00e1nh m\u00ec l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3. Nh\u1edd th\u1ea5y qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9t v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh m\u00ec sao kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi b\u1ed9t, n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 phi duy\u00ean .<\/span><\/p>\n

8- Qu\u1ea3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 trong duy\u00ean ?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 duy\u00ean ai<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 l\u00e0 duy\u00ean g\u00ec<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec c\u1ea7n g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 duy\u00ean?<\/span><\/p>\n

(Qu\u1ea3 ti\u00ean \u01b0 duy\u00ean trung<\/span>, h\u1eefu v\u00f4<\/span> c\u00e2u b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u00ean v\u00f4 vi<\/span> th\u00f9y duy\u00ean, ti\u00ean h\u1eefu h\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng duy\u00ean)<\/span><\/p>\n

9- N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sao n\u00f3i l\u00e0 h\u1eefu duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 phi h\u1eefu<\/span> sanh, di\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5c phi v\u00f4 sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7t phi h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, h\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc ng\u00f4n h\u1eefu duy\u00ean<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y Ph\u00e1p do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt ng\u00e3<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c duy\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u00f3, ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ngo\u00e0i n\u00f3 m\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c duy\u00ean. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p do duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec th\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span>. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1eefu ng\u00e3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 do duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu ng\u00e3. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c n\u00f3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh, theo nh\u01b0<\/span> ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- N\u1ebfu khi qu\u1ea3 ch\u01b0a sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1eaec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p di\u1ec7t<\/span> duy\u00ean c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb sanh th\u1eddi, t\u1eafc b\u1ea5t \u01b0ng h\u1eefu di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7t ph\u00e1p<\/span> h\u00e0 n\u0103ng duy\u00ean<\/span>, c\u1ed1 v\u00f4 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 duy\u00ean<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o an tr\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> an tr\u1ee5 th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7<\/span>. N\u1ebfu an tr\u1ee5 th\u1eddi n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/span>. V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t<\/span>. N\u1ebfu di\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/span> ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m<\/span> di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat ng\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, v\u1eady l\u00e0m sao n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ch\u01b0a s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t. Trong lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t. Ph\u00e1p s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, s\u1eafp mu\u1ed1n di\u1ec7t. Ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, v\u1ecb lai<\/span>, ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, tr\u1eeb ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a s\u1eafp di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

11- Nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt vi di\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 duy\u00ean duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt s\u1edf thuy\u1ebft, Ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt vi di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u01af th\u1eed v\u00f4 duy\u00ean<\/span> ph\u00e1p, v\u00e2n h\u00e0<\/span> h\u1eefu duy\u00ean<\/span> duy\u00ean)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, theo \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>, r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng<\/span> s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh, h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>, h\u1eefu vi<\/span> v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, khi nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh<\/span> th\u1eddi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng. V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, v\u00f4 duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> mu\u00f4n s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n, h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1ng tin<\/span>. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i ra \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u0103n c\u01a1<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

12- Ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, c\u1ed1 v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Thuy\u1ebft h\u1eefu th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/span>, th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu b\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u1ea7y mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u1ec1 T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c duy\u00ean sinh<\/span>, t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. V\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c kia c\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. H\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00ec gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span> h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i c\u00e1c duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y do c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3, nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 v\u00f4 minh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c v.v\u2026 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 l\u00fd duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. N\u00f3i v\u00f4 minh<\/span> c\u00f3 n\u00ean h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. V\u00ec v\u00f4 minh<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u do duy\u00ean sinh<\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i<\/span> v\u1ec1 duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

13- Trong nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> r\u1ed9ng, h\u1eb9p<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ecm qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sao g\u1ecdi t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(L\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> trung, c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> trung nh\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4, V\u00e2n h\u00e0<\/span> t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean xu\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/p>\n

14- N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb trong duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5y sao kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong phi duy\u00ean m\u00e0 ra<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb duy\u00ean v\u00f4 qu\u1ea3<\/span>, Nhi t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean trung<\/span> xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb qu\u1ea3 h\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng, phi duy\u00ean trung<\/span> nhi xu\u1ea5t)<\/span><\/p>\n

15- N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Duy\u00ean \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> sinh<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, th\u1ecb duy\u00ean v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9ng v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> sanh, h\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

16- Qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb phi duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Duy\u00ean, phi duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, b\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng phi duy\u00ean sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0129 qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ed1, duy\u00ean phi duy\u00ean di\u1ec7c v\u00f4)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> mu\u1ed1n t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span>. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean duy\u00ean, nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, phi duy\u00ean, nh\u00e2n, qu\u1ea3,\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1eb9p m\u1ecdi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u00ed lu\u1eadn<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u00c1i Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafm nhi\u1ec5m ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Ho\u1eb7c Ki\u1ebfn Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span>, nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lu\u1eadn, v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n<\/span> lu\u1eadn v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed5n lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e1nh qu\u00e1n, th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, trung \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

III- M\u01af\u1edcI HAI NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span> (Paticca Samupp\u00e3da)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ti\u1ebfng Pa-Li t\u1eeb Paticca ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1edfi v\u00ec\u201d hay \u201ct\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c n\u01a1i\u201d, Samupp\u00e3da l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1t sanh\u201d hay \u201cxu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Paticca Samupp\u00e3da c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sanh… t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o… \u201c hay b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 A n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 B…\u201d. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 A n\u00ean B m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sanh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 B n\u00ean C m\u1edbi sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n cho c\u00e1i sau v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>, Nghi\u1ec7p do th\u00e2n, mi\u1ec7ng, v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec1u do Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c…<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng<\/span>, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y khi kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng v\u00f4 minh<\/span>, kh\u1ed5 \u0111au trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span>), ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> (l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> trong s\u00e1ng<\/span>, t\u1eeb bi<\/span> l\u1ee3i tha<\/span>, v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng tri\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>). Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba<\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n<\/span> d\u00f9ng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ch\u1ebft \u0111i Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m s\u1ebd duy tr\u00ec<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 qua m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp kh\u00e1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u201cc\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u do c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span>. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> m\u1edbi n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u00fac v\u1eadt<\/span>, ma qu\u1ec9<\/span>, ti\u00ean, th\u00e1nh… Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> tu\u00e2n theo<\/span> lu\u1eadt Nh\u00e2n – Duy\u00ean – Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> qua v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng Anh th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 The Wheel of Life, nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> (avidy\u00e3, ignorance): S\u1ef1 m\u00ea m\u1edd, cu\u1ed3ng si c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh (samsk\u00e3ra, karma-formations): c\u00e1c t\u00e1nh h\u1ea1nh thu\u1ed9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c (Vijn\u00e3na, consciousness): Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> (n\u00e3mar\u0169pa, mentality and corporeality): Danh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span>, S\u1eafc l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span> (sabd\u00e3yatana, six sense spheres): T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n, \u00fd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 S\u1eafc, thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

X\u00fac (sp\u00e3rsa, impression): S\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa c\u0103n, tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecd (vedan\u00e3, feeling): S\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1i (sneha, craving): S\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 (up\u00e3d\u00e3na, attachment): S\u1ef1 b\u00e1m v\u00edu<\/span>, c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu (bh\u00e3va, process of becoming): S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span>, c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sinh (j\u00e3ti, birth): s\u1ef1 sinh th\u00e0nh<\/span>, S\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> t\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e3o t\u1eed<\/span> (jar\u00e3- marana, decay and death): S\u1ef1 gi\u00e0 nua<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1eed bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> theo l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u00fd Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> trong ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> T\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1ed1n l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> chia Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> quang nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1t Na<\/span>: Trong m\u1ed9t t\u00edch t\u1eafc c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>: Quan h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> sau n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadn v\u1ecb: Ph\u00f4 b\u00e0y c\u00e1i ph\u00e1p t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec5n t\u1ee5c: S\u1ef1 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo hai l\u1ed1i l\u00e0 V\u00e3ng Quan v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0n Quan.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e3ng Quan l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t<\/span> xem x\u00e9t<\/span> l\u00e3o t\u1eed<\/span> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn Sinh, t\u1eeb Sinh \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1eefu v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n Ho\u00e0n Quan l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t<\/span> l\u1ea5y V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ed3i qui k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> V\u00e3ng Quan<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Duy\u00ean<\/span> trong Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span> (Mahanidana Sutta), \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 cho A Nan<\/span> bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> Lu\u1eadn do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>, trong v\u0103n Pali thi\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eb7t L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span> sau X\u00fac. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng trong b\u1ea3n H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> V\u00e3ng Quan l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0<\/span> sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> (Jara Marana):<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 gi\u00e0 r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd suy y\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc t\u1ee9c T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ea1i<\/span>, b\u1ed1n y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a n\u1eefa m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb lu\u1eadt V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> l\u00e0m tan ho\u1ea1i \u0111i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i Danh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u00e2m c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u00f3? \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u00fd Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Sinh (Jati):<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u1ea1i sao con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u1ea1i gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft? B\u1edfi v\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u00e2n n\u1ea7y? Nh\u01b0ng do \u0111\u00e2u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00e2n n\u1ea7y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 Sinh n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u00e2n n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u00e2n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u1ee5y v\u00ec th\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Gi\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu, b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt r\u1ed3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Sinh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e0 Ch\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 sinh ra t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu<\/span> nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 H\u1eefu.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- H\u1eefu (Bhava):<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00ec xem nh\u01b0<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Sinh. V\u00ec c\u00f3 sinh n\u00ean c\u00f3 Y B\u00e1o<\/span> (th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh B\u00e1o<\/span> (lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt) trong ba c\u00f5i<\/span> l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi<\/span> (kamobhava), S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> (rupabhava) v\u00e0 V\u00f4 S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> (arupabhava). Do c\u00f3 Sinh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0 H\u1eefu do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 H\u1eefu \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 ba sau Sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Th\u1ee7 (rupad\u00e3na):<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y, n\u1eafm ch\u1eb7t<\/span> l\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7<\/span>, Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee7<\/span>, gi\u1edbi Th\u1ee7<\/span>, v\u00e0 Ng\u00e3 Th\u1ee7. V\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00e1i N\u0103ng Th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e1i Ta m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u00e1i S\u1edf Th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung quanh ta do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 sinh ra ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 sinh ra \u00e1i d\u1ee5c<\/span> ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm<\/span> trong sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> trong ba c\u00f5i<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 H\u1eefu). N\u1ebfu tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> (Th\u1ee7) th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a ba c\u00f5i<\/span> (H\u1eefu) \u0111i n\u1eefa c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>; \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa Th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 H\u1eefu v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau H\u1eefu.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- \u00c1i (t\u00e3nha):<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 do \u00c1i m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh. \u00c1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c \u00c1i<\/span> l\u00e0 tham luy\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111am m\u00ea<\/span>. Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebe<\/span>, \u00c1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> sinh m\u1ec7nh<\/span> l\u00e0 do Sinh-t\u1ed3n-d\u1ee5c (bhavat\u00e3nha) l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t sinh ra hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> T\u00ednh-d\u1ee5c (kamat\u00e3nha) v\u00e0 Ph\u1ed3n-vinh-d\u1ee5c (vibhav\u00e3t\u00e3nha). B\u1edfi v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng, do b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng<\/span> sinh t\u1ed3n<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ra nh\u1eefng tham \u00e1i<\/span> ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/span> kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n cu\u1ed9c<\/span> s\u1ed1ng…<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00ec c\u00f3 Sinh ra n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n H\u1eefu<\/span>. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> Ta v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> chung quanh n\u00ean c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p Ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u00c1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 suy t\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb n\u0103m chi k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean cho ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> v\u1ec1 Kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 T\u1eadp trong T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 Duy\u00ean-Kh\u1edfi-Quan ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span>, \u00c1i d\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na th\u1ee9c<\/span> sinh di\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c \u00c1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Th\u1ecd (vedana)<\/span><\/p>\n

7- X\u00fac (phassa)<\/span><\/p>\n

8- L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span> (salayatana)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1i v\u00e0 d\u1ee5c n\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t s\u00e2u h\u01a1n th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u00c1i d\u1ee5c<\/span> m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh. Khi \u00c1i ph\u00e1t sinh r\u1ed3i th\u00ec li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ecd, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> cho nhau c\u00e1i g\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> l\u1eabn v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 Th\u1ecd \u1eaft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 X\u00fac t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span>. X\u00fac c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m, c\u1ecd x\u00e1t… Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 Th\u1ecd, c\u00f3 X\u00fac ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd s\u00e1u c\u01a1 quan<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 M\u1eaft, Tai, M\u0169i, L\u01b0\u1ee1i, Th\u00e2n, \u00dd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 S\u1eafc, Thinh, H\u01b0\u01a1ng, V\u1ecb, X\u00fac, Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi sinh ra nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, T\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Th\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u00e1u c\u0103n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n<\/span> m\u1edbi sinh ra s\u00e1u s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u00e1u th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng s\u00e1u c\u0103n do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> ta ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t:<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> (namarupa)<\/span><\/p>\n

Danh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u00e2m, S\u1eafc l\u00e0 th\u00e2n trong c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u201cth\u00e2n danh s\u1eafc<\/span> t\u00e2m\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c do th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t sinh khi c\u00f3 Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3, hay n\u00f3i<\/span> c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n th\u00ec s\u00e1u c\u0103n m\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> (S\u1eafc, Th\u1ecd, T\u01b0\u1edfng, H\u00e0nh, Th\u1ee9c). Tr\u00ean l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 theo l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y ta ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan<\/span> v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c trong s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- Th\u1ee9c (Vijn\u00e2n\u00e2)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> th\u1ec3 Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu xem Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u1ec3 th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> trung t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Danh<\/span> S\u1eafc. Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e2y n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c trong t\u00e1m m\u00f3n t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong B\u00e1t Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Qui C\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1m ch\u00fa anh em; si, m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0ng (th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y)<\/span><\/p>\n

Tinh kh\u00f4n<\/span> r\u1ea5t m\u1ef1c, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t trang (\u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1eeda ngo\u00e0i bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, n\u0103m em nh\u1ecf (n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 so\u00e1i trong nh\u00e0, c\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111ang<\/span> (th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m)<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

(B\u00e1t c\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec7 huynh, nh\u1ee9t c\u00e1 si<\/span>
\u0110\u1ed9c h\u1eefu nh\u1ee9t c\u00e1 t\u1ed1i linh ly<\/span>
Ng\u0169 c\u00e1 m\u00f4n ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1 m\u1ea1i m\u00e3i<\/span>
Nh\u1ee9t c\u00e1 gia trung t\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y)<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span>, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>; nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00f3i l\u00ean vai tr\u00f2<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u1ea7y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu<\/span> c\u00e1ch m\u1ea5y nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u01a1 quan<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7n c\u1ea3nh<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 chu\u1ed7i 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111i t\u1eeb L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 10 chi k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi<\/span> m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> quan m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft<\/span> l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh<\/span>, v\u1ec1 \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

11- H\u00e0nh (sankara) v\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

12- V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> (avijja)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 do \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 H\u00e0nh). Ch\u1eef H\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec kh\u00f3 h\u00ecnh dung<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> H\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3<\/span> c\u00e2u \u201cv\u00ec h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1eefu vi<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u00e0nh\u201d. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i theo ngh\u0129a h\u1eb9p<\/span> th\u00ec H\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng ra th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m (hay Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 H\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> (H\u00e0nh). N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec H\u00e0nh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec H\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span>, d\u1eabn d\u1eaft Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> (H\u00e0nh) hay nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh<\/span>. S\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng khi Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> m\u00ea m\u1edd h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Tr\u00ed r\u1ed3i th\u00ec V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch T\u1ecbnh Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng<\/span>, m\u00ea m\u1edd, ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, tri\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> v.v… T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi trong 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, m\u1ed7i chi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u1ea9n hai m\u00f3n H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, trong Sinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>… V\u00ec trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh Sinh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 H\u00e0nh, nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>. Trong Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> v\u00ec khi c\u0103n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 sau \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi ra nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 H\u00e0nh, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201cV\u00f4 Minh l\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u1ea3o ki\u1ebfn m\u1ecbt m\u00f9 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c trong \u1ea5y ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> quay qu\u1ea7n quanh l\u1ed9n\u201d (Sutta Nip\u00e3ta, c\u00e2u 730).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta \u0111\u00e3 truy t\u1ea7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>. Trong V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>. \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc<\/span> trong l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span> h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng sanh t\u1eed<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00e0nh 5 ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> – Sinh – H\u1eefu<\/span>
(2) H\u1eefu – Th\u1ee7 – \u00c1i<\/span>
(3) \u00c1i – Th\u1ecd – X\u00fac – L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span> – Danh S\u1eafc<\/span><\/span>
(4) Danh S\u1eafc<\/span> – Th\u1ee9c <\/span>
(5) Th\u1ee9c – H\u00e0nh – V\u00f4 Minh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(1) Ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> (Th\u1ee7) r\u1ed3i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn Sinh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0 Sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 H\u1eefu.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) Ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 kinh qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3) Ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa c\u0103n, c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) Ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> lu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

(5) Ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9<\/span> th\u1ee9 n\u0103m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a gi\u00f2ng sinh m\u1ec7nh<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y v\u00f4 chung<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> V\u00e3ng Quan nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean cho ta th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u1eeb L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chung cu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 qua \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Sinh, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00ecm nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u00ecm m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp v\u00f4 t\u1eadn<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111i t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0103n nguy\u00ean s\u00e2u xa<\/span> nh\u1ea5t, nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng sinh m\u1ec7nh<\/span>. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> \u0111i t\u1eeb h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng t\u00ecm m\u00e3i t\u00ecm m\u00e3i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i ph\u00e1t nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean cao kia nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tinh th\u00f4ng<\/span> h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecm ra<\/span> Nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> V\u00e3ng Quan.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec trong 12 chi c\u1ee7a l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> chi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m; v\u00ec ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>. Trong \u00c1i c\u0169ng v\u1eady n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> th\u00ec l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u00e0 \u00c1i. Trong L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 giao thoa gi\u1eefa c\u0103n, c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span> v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo Ho\u00e0n Quan l\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c, Danh S\u1eafc<\/span>… \u0111\u1ebfn Sinh v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> l\u00e0 L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo qui lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0<\/span> V\u00e3ng Quan n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. \u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> Danh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> hay Th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2<\/span> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong 12 chi c\u1ee7a l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 S\u1eafc t\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> hay \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0n Quan xoay quanh<\/span> H\u1eefu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u1eb3ng qua l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> t\u1eeb Sinh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 H\u1eefu v\u00e0 t\u1eeb H\u1eefu m\u1edbi c\u00f3 L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>, v\u00ec L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng qua l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu m\u00e0 ra v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

B-Theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> tam th\u1ebf<\/span> l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh t\u1eed<\/span> trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c, Danh S\u1eafc<\/span>, L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span>, X\u00fac, Th\u1ecd, \u00c1i, Th\u1ee7, H\u1eefu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Sinh, L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh t\u1eed<\/span> theo Tam Th\u1ebf<\/span> (ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>: \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh, Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 NH\u00c2N. Th\u1ee9c, Danh S\u1eafc<\/span>, L\u1ee5c Nh\u1eadp<\/span>, X\u00fac, Th\u1ecd l\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1eeb V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> (a).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecd, \u00c1i, Th\u1ee7, H\u1eefu l\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>. Sinh, L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>. Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb Th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea5t tr\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> (b).<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> n\u00eau tr\u00ean n\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 (a) l\u1eabn (b) l\u1ea1i ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 TAM TH\u1ebe<\/span> L\u01af\u1ee0NG TR\u00d9NG NH\u00c2N QU\u1ea2<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> n\u1ea7y? Xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n trong Kinh Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span>, 45, Tr\u00e0 \u0110\u1ebf Kinh (M. 38 Mahatanhasankhayasattu) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> th\u00eam v\u1ec1 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> quan n\u00f3i tr\u00ean tr\u00ean:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ea7y T\u1ef3 Kh\u01b0u! Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ba vi\u1ec7c h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ee5 thai, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi cha m\u1eb9<\/span> giao h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 tinh tr\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a cha, no\u00e3n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ee5 thai…<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi cha m\u1eb9<\/span> giao h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> tr\u00ean th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 thai.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 mang thai trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> t\u1eeb ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> h\u1ed3i h\u1ed9p<\/span> lo \u00e2u<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef3 Kh\u01b0u! Sau ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e1ng lo \u00e2u<\/span> m\u1eb9 m\u1edbi sinh con v\u00e0 sau khi sinh l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng ch\u00ednh tinh huy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i con. T\u1ef3 Kh\u01b0u! Tinh huy\u1ebft \u1ea5y trong Th\u00e1nh lu\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1eefa m\u1eb9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, T\u1ef3 Kh\u01b0u! B\u00e9 l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi c\u00e1c c\u0103n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ch\u01a1i nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i nh\u01b0 m\u00faa g\u1eady, nh\u1ea3y cao, th\u1ea3 di\u1ec1u, c\u1ee1i xe, b\u1eafn t\u00ean v.v… C\u1ee9 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn th\u00eam, c\u00e1c c\u0103n n\u1ea3y n\u1edf<\/span>, r\u1ed3i b\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c<\/span> tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> sai khi\u1ebfn<\/span>. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u1eaft m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau m\u00e0 sinh l\u00f2ng ham \u0111\u1eafm s\u1eafc c\u1ea3nh<\/span>. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o tai m\u00e0 nghe nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh<\/span> \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau r\u1ed3i sinh l\u00f2ng ham \u0111\u1eafm \u00e2m thanh<\/span>. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1edd v\u00e0o m\u0169i l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau<\/span> r\u1ed3i sinh l\u00f2ng ham \u0111\u1eafm nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u1ea5y cho n\u00ean m\u1edbi b\u1ecb ch\u00fang tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> sai khi\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 khi M\u1eaft th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc th\u00ec ham \u0111\u1eafm c\u00e1i s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau, n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau th\u00ec sinh \u00fd ni\u1ec7m<\/span> gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o th\u00e2n m\u00e0 theo s\u1ef1 sai khi\u1ebfn<\/span> tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Cho n\u00ean b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p di\u1ec7t<\/span> h\u1ebft t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, tu\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> (Th\u1ee5) m\u00e3n t\u00fac<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n<\/span> t\u00fac chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c vui ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed5, hay l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> vui, h\u00e2n hoan<\/span> \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn \u201cTh\u1ecd\u201d, b\u1ecb Th\u1ecd chinh ph\u1ee5c<\/span>, b\u1edfi th\u1ebf m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi t\u00ecnh vui s\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, s\u1ef1 vui s\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> do Th\u1ecd ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 l\u1ea5y Th\u1ee7 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 H\u1eefu, do H\u1eefu l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sinh, do Sinh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span>, \u01b0u bi<\/span>, kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng d\u00f9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> L\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> theo l\u1ed1i n\u00e0o \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa ta v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> r\u00f5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 sinh ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> (Th\u1ecd), kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m sao quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1edf ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 H\u1eefu… T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> g\u1ed3m Danh l\u00e0 T\u00e2m (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 S\u1eafc l\u00e0 th\u00e2n, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 L\u00e3o T\u1eed<\/span> x\u1ea3y ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

C. Theo Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (M\u00c3DHYAMAKA S\u00c3STRA) c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i N\u00c3G\u00c3RJUNA (LONG TH\u1ecc<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

PH\u1ea8M QU\u00c1N V\u1ec0 12 NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea9m Qu\u00e1n v\u1ec1 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft 9 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau (Ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n ra H\u00e1n v\u0103n, Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t):<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> b\u1ecb si che<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi ba h\u00e0nh (nghi\u1ec7p)<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec h\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o s\u00e1u th\u00fa .<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> si s\u1edf ph\u00fac, vi h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi tam h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0129 kh\u1edfi th\u1ecb h\u00e0nh c\u1ed1, t\u00f9y h\u00e0nh nh\u1eadp l\u1ee5c th\u00fa<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba h\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb Th\u00e2n, Kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 \u00dd.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- V\u00ec nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c th\u1ecd th\u00e2n s\u00e1u n\u1ebbo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do v\u00ec th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eafm tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> n\u01a1i Danh S\u1eafc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(D\u0129 ch\u01b0 h\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, th\u1ee9c th\u1ecd l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u00e2n)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0129 h\u1eefu th\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u1ee9 c\u1ed1, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u01b0 danh s\u1eafc<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Do danh s\u1eafc<\/span> t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m nh\u00e2n sanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Do tr\u1ea7n, th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 sanh s\u00e1u x\u00fac<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Danh s\u1eafc<\/span> t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ed1, nh\u00e2n nhi sanh l\u1ee5c nh\u1eadp<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea7n<\/span> th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span>, d\u0129 sanh<\/span> \u01b0 l\u1ee5c x\u00fac<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Do nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb<\/span> s\u00e1u x\u00fac<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1n sanh ra ba \u00e1i<\/span><\/p>\n

Do t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n ba \u00e1i<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t sanh ra kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u00e2n \u01b0 l\u1ee5c x\u00fac<\/span> c\u1ed1, t\u1ee9c sanh \u01b0 tam \u00e1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0129 nh\u00e2n tam \u00e1i<\/span> c\u1ed1, nhi sanh \u01b0 kh\u00e1t \u00e1i<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba \u00e1i: 1\/ C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u00e1i<\/span> (tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u00fd luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c<\/span>, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span>). 2\/ T\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 \u00e1i (luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft). 3\/ \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng sinh \u00e1i (c\u00f3 \u00fd luy\u1ebfn m\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n s\u1ebd sinh ra).<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Nh\u00e2n \u00e1i<\/span> sinh b\u1ed1n th\u1ee7<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1eefu<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu th\u1ee7 m\u00e0 b\u1ecf th\u1ee7<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1eaet gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u1eefu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u00e2n \u00e1i<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u1ee9 th\u1ee7<\/span>, nh\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu h\u1eefu<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee7 gi\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t th\u1ee7, t\u1eafc gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

(B\u1ed1n th\u1ee7 l\u00e0: (a) D\u1ee5c Th\u1ee7<\/span>: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> n\u0103m m\u00f3n d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c<\/span> (t\u00e0i, s\u1eafc, danh, th\u1ef1c , th\u00f9y). (b) Ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ee7<\/span>: t\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> Ng\u00e3 Ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, Bi\u00ean Ki\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e2n n\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span>. (c) Gi\u1edbi C\u1ea5m Th\u1ee7<\/span>: t\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span> t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y<\/span> c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>. (d) Ng\u00e3 Ng\u1eef Th\u1ee7<\/span>: t\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> ng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n<\/span> th\u00f4ng qua ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

6- T\u1eeb h\u1eefu m\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb sinh c\u00f3 gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb gi\u00e0 ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 h\u1eefu<\/span><\/p>\n

\u01afu, bi, c\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u00f9ng h\u1eefu nhi h\u1eefu sanh, t\u00f9ng sanh h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u00e3o t\u1eed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9ng l\u00e3o t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu, \u01b0u bi<\/span> ch\u01b0 kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1u t\u1eeb sinh m\u00e0 c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean th\u00e0nh kh\u1ed5 \u1ea5m<\/span> l\u1edbn<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u01b0 s\u1ef1, giai t\u00f9ng sanh nhi h\u1eefu<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea3n d\u0129 th\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, nhi t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u1ed5<\/span> \u1ea5m)<\/span><\/p>\n

8- Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 sinh t\u1eed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

G\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Do v\u00f4 minh<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

(Th\u1ecb v\u1ecb vi sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, ch\u01b0 h\u00e0nh<\/span> chi c\u0103n b\u1ed5n<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 minh<\/span> gi\u1ea3 s\u1edf t\u1ea1o, tri gi\u1ea3<\/span> s\u1edf b\u1ea5t vi)<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Do t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c kia \u1eaft kh\u00f4ng sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00e0o kh\u1ed5 \u1ea5m<\/span> di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

(D\u0129 th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t c\u1ed1, th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 t\u1eafc b\u1ea5t sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea3n th\u1ecb kh\u1ed5 \u00e2m t\u1ee5, nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> nhi ch\u00e1nh di\u1ec7t)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> vi\u1ebft ra 9 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> cho c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra: \u201cN\u00f3i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd duy\u00ean \u1ea5y, kh\u00e9o d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u00ed lu\u1eadn<\/span>; n\u0103ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> th\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, thi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7t ch\u01b0 h\u00ed lu\u1eadn\u201d trong ph\u1ea9m Qu\u00e1n Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m phu<\/span>, b\u1eadc Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> hay B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i tu \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> th\u00e0nh \u201cTr\u00ed Ph\u00e1p Tr\u1ee5\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, sau m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cTr\u00ed Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n\u201d. Theo t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u00ec: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, sau n\u00f3i r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng\u201d hay l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i<\/span> gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u1eadt<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d .<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ph\u00e1t huy Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> l\u00e0 d\u1eaft d\u1eabn h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 b\u1ecf qua \u201cTr\u00ed Ph\u00e1p Tr\u1ee5\u201d, t\u1ee9c b\u1ecf qua danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u00fd duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u1ee7a 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

IV- NGHI\u1ec6P (KAMMA, KARMA).<\/span><\/p>\n

A- \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p hay n\u00f3i<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u201cnghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/span>. Ti\u1ebfng Pali g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kamma, ti\u1ebfng Sanscrit g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Karma.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span> (Majjhima Nik\u00e3ya) c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>. S\u1ef1 suy ngh\u0129<\/span>, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span>, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u00fd<\/span> mu\u1ed1n hay \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec do Th\u00e2n Kh\u1ea9u \u00dd<\/span> bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p. Kinh t\u0103ng nh\u1ee9t A h\u00e0m<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cT\u00e1c \u00fd l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201cN\u1ea7y c\u00e1c T\u1ef3 Kheo<\/span>, Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f3 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> l\u00e0m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u hay \u00fd\u201d (Anguttara Nik\u00e3ya iii 415). Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span> L\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 do t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span>. \u201cKh\u00f4ng k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf<\/span> t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/span> k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span>, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>. K\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf<\/span> t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf<\/span> th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd. Ch\u00ednh t\u00e2m<\/span> d\u1eabn d\u1eaft th\u1ebf gian<\/span>. Ch\u00ednh t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u00f4i k\u00e9o th\u1ebf gian\u201c. (Atthas\u00e3lini tr. 68; The Expositor, ph\u1ea7n I tr. 91).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cT\u00e2m d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00e2m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7, T\u00e2m t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu ta n\u00f3i hay l\u00e0m v\u1edbi t\u00e2m \u00e1c th\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> s\u1ebd theo ta nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe l\u0103n theo d\u1ea5u<\/span> ch\u01a1n con b\u00f2 k\u00e9o xe\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span>, l\u01a1\u00ec n\u00f3i hay vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span>, t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec: \u201cH\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac s\u1ebd theo ta nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng theo h\u00ecnh\u201d (Dhammapada, c\u00e2u 2).<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span>: N\u1ebfu con h\u1ecdc ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3<\/span> t\u1ed1t cha m\u1eb9<\/span> s\u1ebd khen th\u01b0\u1edfng, con s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> sung s\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu con l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng c\u00e3i l\u1eddi cha m\u1eb9<\/span> ham ch\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecdc, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd b\u1ecb cha m\u1eb9<\/span> ph\u1ea1t, con s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span>, h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u n\u00ean Qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0nh hay d\u1eef.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Samyutta Nik\u00e3ya, T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c\u0110\u00e3 gieo gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o th\u00ec s\u1ebd g\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5y. H\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> s\u1ebd th\u00e2u g\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0nh. H\u00e0nh \u00e1c s\u1ebd th\u00e2u g\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3 d\u1eef. H\u00e3y gieo gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t ta s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c<\/span> trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tha l\u1ef1c<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh<\/span> xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c<\/span> r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5 trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u00e3y c\u1ee9 cam t\u00e2m ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span> v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> (h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>) x\u1ea5u n\u1eb1m trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i. \u0110\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta th\u1eed t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> xem ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cDo n\u01a1i V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>, H\u00e0nh ph\u00e1t sinh, do n\u01a1i<\/span> h\u00e0nh Th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sinh\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201c\u00c1i D\u1ee5c \u0111i li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi V\u00f4 Minh\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Minh<\/span>. Do ch\u00fang ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> kh\u00f4ng am hi\u1ec3u<\/span> ch\u01a1n t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p n\u00ean sinh ra ch\u1ea5p Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p Ph\u00e1p<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh ra nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00c1i D\u1ee5c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean vai tr\u00f2<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c v\u00ec \u201cT\u00e1c \u00dd l\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p\u201d m\u00e0 T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span> l\u00e0 do Th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o. Khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ed3i ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean vai tr\u00f2<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i Nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> x\u1ea5u do Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i tu<\/span> gi\u1ea3i Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t trong nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh ra li\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u sang<\/span> ph\u00fa qu\u00ed<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3nh l\u1ea7m than<\/span> c\u01a1 c\u1ef1c. T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eadc thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i ngu si<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9n<\/span>. T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c<\/span>, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda, th\u1ec3 thao… T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 k\u1ebb sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ebfc<\/span>, m\u00f9 l\u00f2a<\/span>. T\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5ng Gi\u00e1o Ch\u1ee7<\/span> th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong nh\u1eefng x\u1ee9 ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n<\/span>, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n<\/span> ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3? Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> do s\u1ef1 may r\u1ee7i?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1ed1i cao<\/span> trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng<\/span> s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/span> m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Do \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span> v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f3 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, do truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span>, do gi\u1edbi th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1eadn v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh<\/span> ho\u1ea1t v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta h\u00e3y nghe nh\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc<\/span> tr\u1ee9 danh<\/span>, Julien Huxley, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> do GENE nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1ea7m gi\u1ed1ng s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 do GENE trong tinh tr\u00f9ng, nh\u1edd n\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1ea7m gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a cha truy\u1ec1n qua cho con g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh Lu\u1eadt<\/span> Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c… C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i Gene t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e0u s\u1eafc cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. C\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> b\u1ec1 cao v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng. C\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sanh s\u1ea3n, tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i Gene \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i<\/span> th\u1ec3 v\u00f3c. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> di truy\u1ec1n<\/span>, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec1u do Gene chi ph\u1ed1i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cRi\u00eang v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb<\/span> h\u01a1n, th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf<\/span> r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u1eeb \u00f4ng b\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9<\/span> truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng cho con ch\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i theo m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cM\u1ecdi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ea7y hay c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> n\u01a1i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea9m th\u1ee5 GENE m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang trong m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb l\u00fac m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd thai\u201d. (The Stream of Live trang 15)<\/span><\/p>\n

Thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> GENE, c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf, l\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u ph\u00e2n Anh (1\/30.000.000 inch) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e0nh b\u00f3 tay khi ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn Thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. V\u00ec Thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao hai \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb song sinh c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ed1ng nhau l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> b\u1eb1ng, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh<\/span> l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n nhau…<\/span><\/p>\n

Thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sinh th\u00eam th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1ee9 hai hay nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Thuy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> r\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u1ea1i sinh ra con ng\u1ed7 ngh\u1ecbch<\/span> tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u1ea1i sinh con th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> t\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

Dr. Th. Pascal trong s\u00e1ch Reincarnation, khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span>, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cQuay v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2<\/span> b\u1ea9m th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a GENE trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span>, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea9m th\u1ee5 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> GENE t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. V\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh<\/span> b\u1ea9m th\u1ee5 GENE kh\u00f4ng r\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tia s\u00e1ng<\/span> n\u00e0o. N\u1ebfu Gene c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> trong m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea9m t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con s\u00e1t nh\u01a1n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n nh\u01a1n sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> hung \u00e1c. Trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p hai \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb sanh \u0111\u00f4i, c\u00f9ng cha c\u00f9ng m\u1eb9, c\u00f9ng th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u1ed9t b\u1ea9m th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9<\/span>, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh ra trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 nhau, c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1eadn, th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh<\/span> m\u1eb7t m\u00e0y th\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng nhau, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a th\u00ec hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a l\u1ea1i hung \u00e1c t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNgo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ed1 tr\u1ebb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0m b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span>. N\u1ebfu \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian<\/span> ph\u0103ng m\u00e3i l\u00ean trong gia ph\u1ea3<\/span> c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103ng nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean<\/span> c\u0169ng th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea9m t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> do n\u01a1i<\/span> cha m\u1eb9<\/span>, \u00f4ng b\u00e0. Ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea9m t\u00ednh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u00e0 v\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9<\/span> kh\u00f4ng truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i h\u1ebft cho con ch\u00e1u. B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 trong h\u00e0ng con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Mozart, Beethoven v\u00e0 Dante kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng hay m\u1ed9t v\u0129 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o c\u1ea3! Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 duy v\u1eadt<\/span> h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c<\/span> Thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n h\u1ebft cho con. Trong nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span>, cha m\u1eb9<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ecbnh nguy hi\u1ec3m m\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> \u0111\u00f4ng con, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u1ebft<\/span> m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c. Nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span> khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con ng\u1ed7 ngh\u1ecbch<\/span> b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u0103n h\u00e0o<\/span> tr\u1ee9 danh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Anh l\u00e0 Shakespeare, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Ingerslo \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cC\u1ea3 cha l\u1eabn m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng Shakespeare \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft vi\u1ebft. \u00d4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t l\u00e0ng b\u00e9 nh\u1ecf gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ed1t\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Shakespeare r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 v\u0103n k\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do Gene c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9<\/span> truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng trong l\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 hun \u0111\u00fac cho \u00f4ng nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3…<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u1eefng di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3? Ch\u00fang ta<\/span> l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng cho r\u1eb1ng Thuy\u1ebft \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00eau tr\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> vai tr\u00f2<\/span> c\u1ee7a TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M trong ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u201cnh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft duy t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ea1o\u201d \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh th\u1ecb<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>. Ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra cho m\u00ecnh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Ta l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/span> l\u1ea5y cho nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. S\u1ef1 t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2<\/span> n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> qua nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ghi tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 thanh ni\u00ean t\u00ean Subha mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, v\u00ec l\u00fd do<\/span> g\u00ec v\u00e0 do nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> n\u00e0o m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u1ec3u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd<\/span>, c\u00f3 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m theo, n\u00f3i g\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai nghe v\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo, n\u00f3i g\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe theo, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5<\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u sang<\/span>, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span> b\u1ea7n ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i<\/span> cao sang quy\u1ec1n qu\u00ed, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ed1t n\u00e1t, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>…? \u2019\u2019<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u mang theo<\/span> c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p (Kamma, Karma) c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n<\/span>, nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt di truy\u1ec1n<\/span>, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00ed th\u00e2n<\/span>, nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh d\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang sanh\u201d (Majjhima Nik\u00e3ya III 135, C\u0169lakammavibhanga Sutta).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u00f5 t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft s\u00e1t sanh<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u0103n ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, b\u00e0n tay lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u, h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y<\/span> s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 gi\u1ebft ch\u00f3c v\u00e0 g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ch\u00fat x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>. Do t\u00ednh hi\u1ebfu s\u00e1t \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u1ec3u.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ai, s\u1ed1ng xa g\u01b0\u01a1m \u0111ao, gi\u00e1o m\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi<\/span>, l\u1ea5y l\u00f2ng<\/span> t\u1eeb \u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>. Do t\u00e2m t\u1eeb<\/span> bi kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sanh<\/span> \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c<\/span>, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch<\/span> h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5m \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1m \u0111ao \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Do n\u1ebft hung d\u1eef \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd \u01b0\u01a1n y\u1ebfu b\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ai kh\u00e1c, do \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> nhu h\u00f2a \u1ea5y n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia th\u00f4 l\u1ed7<\/span> c\u1ed9c c\u1eb1n<\/span> lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n gi\u1eadn d\u1eef<\/span>, ch\u1eedi m\u1eafng, nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7<\/span> c\u1ed9c c\u1eb1n<\/span> \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sinh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd x\u1ea5u x\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia thanh tao<\/span> nh\u00e3 nh\u1eb7n<\/span>, d\u1ea7u ai c\u00f3 ch\u1eedi m\u1eafng th\u1eadm t\u1ec7 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 o\u00e1n gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch<\/span> tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9<\/span>. Do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 thanh nh\u00e3<\/span> \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5<\/span>, th\u00e8m thu\u1ed3ng<\/span> ham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> l\u1ee3i danh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh<\/span>, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5p l\u00f2ng ganh t\u1ecb, Do k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh t\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1 ganh t\u1ecb \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, n\u00f3i g\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai nghe, l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m theo.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u00e8m thu\u1ed3ng<\/span> tham mu\u1ed1n<\/span> l\u1ee3i danh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, bi\u1ebft t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5p l\u00f2ng ganh t\u1ecb, do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ganh t\u1ecb \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span>, n\u00f3i g\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe theo, l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m theo.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201dN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> v\u1eadt g\u00ec c\u1ea3, do t\u00e1nh keo ki\u1ebft b\u00e1m v\u00edu<\/span> v\u00e0o t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/span> s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n<\/span> thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia gi\u00e0u l\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>, t\u00ednh \u01b0a b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span>, do l\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span> \u1ea5y n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3<\/span> d\u01b0 d\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, t\u00e1nh \u01b0a ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh<\/span>, do t\u00e1nh ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1ec5<\/span> \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00ea ti\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia bi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh, bi\u1ebft t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh<\/span>, do \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh bi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang tr\u1ecdng<\/span> quy\u1ec1n qu\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu g\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u hay l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ch\u00e1nh t\u00e0, do s\u1ef1 k\u00e9m h\u1ecdc \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu sanh trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ed1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span>, do s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span> ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> \u1ea5y n\u1ebfu t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> cho ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> Di Truy\u1ec1n<\/span>. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng, thi\u00ean t\u00e0i<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5ng Gi\u00e1o Ch\u1ee7<\/span> th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> x\u01b0a nay<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec7t<\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i sanh<\/span>, \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u sang<\/span> t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 do con ngu\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>. \u0110\u00e3 t\u1ea1o trong nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> r\u1ed3i c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef n\u01a1i n\u00e0o, c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ra sao? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1ecd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u1eefng Th\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ed3ng hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu mu\u1ed9i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> qua ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo gia ph\u1ea3<\/span> d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> Th\u00edch Ca<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1eeb Ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 t\u00e0i tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 sanh ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1i Nghi\u1ec7p phi th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> do ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do s\u1ef1 di truy\u1ec1n<\/span> t\u1eeb t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean<\/span>, cha m\u1eb9<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. <\/span>
Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 theo kinh Lakkhana Sutta: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> sanh ra v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o<\/span> phi ph\u00e0m<\/span>, Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 32 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1t, 80 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gian<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> t\u00edch t\u1ee5<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y trong kinh Attas\u00e3lin\u0129 r\u1eb1ng:<\/span>
\u201cDo s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDo s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch<\/span> trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, thua, h\u01a1n, thi\u1ec7t, danh th\u01a1m<\/span> ti\u1ebfng x\u1ea5u<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh n\u1ec3 hay b\u1ecb khinh r\u1ebb, ph\u00fac h\u1eadu<\/span> hay b\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDo Nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf gian<\/span> lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>. Do Nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u0169ng do Nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00edu, li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi<\/span> nhau nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe, c\u1ea5u h\u1ee3p, d\u00ednh li\u1ec1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2y xung quanh<\/span> c\u00e1i tr\u1ee5c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed Sinh Hi\u1ec7n H\u00e0nh<\/span> do c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 do nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec7n H\u00e0nh<\/span> Sinh Hi\u1ec7n H\u00e0nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng trong nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do Nghi\u1ec7p trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n do ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> g\u00e2y ra. D\u00f9 cho nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa theo Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00ec Nghi\u1ec7p trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eaft d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf<\/span> m\u00ecnh b\u1ecf ngh\u1ec1 x\u1ea5u t\u00ecm ngh\u1ec1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> khuy\u00ean h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m. Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7n l\u00fd<\/span> do r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p trong ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ngu d\u1ed1t r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i bu\u00f4ng xu\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 theo k\u1ecbp<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung quanh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 cho n\u00ean: \u201cKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0nh, d\u1eef hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng d\u1eef t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sanh do nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh Anguttara Nik\u00e3ya \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft<\/span> r\u1eb1ng do nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> s\u00e1t nh\u01a1n, tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp, d\u00e2m lo\u00e0n, l\u00e1o x\u01b0\u1ee3t, th\u00f4 l\u1ed7<\/span>, nh\u1ea3m nh\u00ed<\/span>, tham lam<\/span>, x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t, h\u01b0 h\u00e8n th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u00fd do<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ef7 l\u1ea1i<\/span>, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n<\/span> b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ed1t cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> r\u1ea5t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh v\u1eeba d\u1eabn tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n Nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n<\/span> n\u1eefa l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cho ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> n\u1eefa nh\u01b0 kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> \u0110\u1ecbnh M\u1ec7nh<\/span> hay Ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia<\/span> t\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c tin<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5ng to\u00e0n n\u0103ng<\/span> hay Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! N\u1ebfu tin nh\u01b0 v\u1eady con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> d\u1ec5 l\u1ea1c v\u00e0o m\u00ea t\u00edn<\/span> v\u00e0 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span>, xu\u00f4i tay v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 an b\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng<\/span> b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c, ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn<\/span> cho s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ed3i c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u1edd Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t!…<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> hay \u0111\u1ea5ng to\u00e0n n\u0103ng<\/span> n\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t<\/span> s\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh<\/span> cho h\u1ecd. Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cTam Gi\u1edbi Duy T\u00e2m<\/span>, V\u1ea1n Ph\u00e1p<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c\u201d. Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh<\/span> l\u1ea5y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i Nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh th\u00e1nh<\/span> thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> x\u1ea5u \u0111ang ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t ngay trong hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7n thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n, c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u00e2m ch\u00e9m… c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea5u \u1ea5y l\u00e0 do c\u00e1i Nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u t\u1eeb ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y bi\u1ebft n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u1ef1 cai thu\u1ed1c \u0103n n\u0103n<\/span> h\u1ed1i c\u1ea3i t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span>, tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00ec nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u \u1ea5y l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n s\u1ebd ti\u00eau tan<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> x\u1ea5u trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> b\u1ecb t\u1ea9y \u0111i th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u1ed1t cho hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> th\u00eam vai tr\u00f2<\/span>, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng trong B\u00e1t Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Qui C\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1o h\u1ea1o tam t\u00e0ng b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Uy\u00ean th\u00e2m<\/span> th\u1ea5t l\u00e3ng c\u1ea3nh vi phong<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecd hu\u00e2n tr\u00ec ch\u1ee7ng c\u0103n th\u00e2n kh\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ee9 h\u1eadu lai<\/span> ti\u00ean t\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 \u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1eddi v\u1ee3i ba T\u00e0ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f4n c\u00f9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ef1c s\u00e2u gi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n s\u00f3ng reo<\/span><\/p>\n

Gom nh\u1eadn gi\u1eef ch\u1ee7ng c\u0103n th\u00e2n kh\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i sau ch\u1ee7 l\u1ed1i v\u1ec1.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u201cba T\u00e0ng\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cN\u0103ng T\u00e0ng\u201d (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>), \u201cS\u1edf T\u00e0ng\u201d (Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o), \u201cNg\u00e3 \u00c1i Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> T\u00e0ng\u201d (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5p Ki\u1ebfn<\/span> Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m Ng\u00e3, l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i kh\u00f4ng bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3).<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eddi v\u1ee3i kh\u00f4n c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cGi\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh\u201d \u00fd n\u00f3i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan<\/span> (C\u0103n) khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/span> (C\u1ea3nh) c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span>) s\u1ebd g\u00e2y n\u00ean Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> (ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Gi\u00f3 C\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean (c\u0103n, c\u1ea3nh, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>) s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho B\u1ea3y S\u00f3ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, T\u1ef7 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7t Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Th\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span>, C\u0103n Th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00ed\u201d) v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2<\/span> ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u00e1i sanh<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> v\u00ec khi th\u1ecd thai Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ch\u1ebft \u0111i th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n x\u00e1c sau c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0 do t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 do \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng suy ngh\u0129<\/span> s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/span> k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> d\u00f9ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span>, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p do \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u \u201cnh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft duy t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ea1o\u201d trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 do n\u01a1i<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129<\/span> c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u00e0m \u00e1c do n\u01a1i<\/span> ta<\/span>
L\u00e0m cho ta nh\u01a1 b\u1ea9n do n\u01a1i<\/span> ta<\/span>
Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u00e1c do n\u01a1i<\/span> ta<\/span>
L\u00e0m cho ta trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span> c\u0169ng do n\u01a1i<\/span> ta<\/span>
C\u1ea3 hai, nh\u01a1 b\u1ea9n v\u00e0 trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> n\u01a1i ta,<\/span>
Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ta trong s\u1ea1ch\u201d. (Dhammapada, c\u00e2u 165).<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo c\u00e2u kinh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> mu\u1ed1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ta t\u1ea1o ra, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u do n\u01a1i<\/span> t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u0169ng t\u1eeb C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra suy t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span> hay nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady lu\u1eadn cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n \u00f4ng trong m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xin d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> hai b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch ra ch\u1eef H\u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u00e3nc\u00e3n\u00e3m m\u0169lavijn\u00e3ne yath\u00e3pratyayam udbhavah <\/span>
Vijn\u00e3n\u00e3n\u00e3m saha na v\u00e3 tarang\u00e3n\u00e3m yath\u00e3 jale<\/span><\/p>\n

Y ch\u1ec9<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> <\/span>
Ng\u0169 th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> hi\u1ec7n <\/span>
Ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t c\u00e2u <\/span>
Nh\u01b0 ba \u0111\u00e0o y th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/p>\n

oOo<\/span><\/p>\n

Karmano v\u00e3san\u00e3 gr\u00e3hadvayav\u00e3sanay\u00e3 saha <\/span>
Ksine p\u0169rvavip\u00e3ke nyadvip\u00e3kam janayanti tat <\/span>
Do ch\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> <\/span>
Nh\u1ecb th\u1ee7<\/span> t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> cu <\/span>
Ti\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span> k\u00fd t\u1eadn <\/span>
Ph\u1ee5c sanh d\u01b0 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

oOo<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do n\u01a1i<\/span> Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) <\/span>
N\u0103m th\u1ee9c t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> kh\u1edfi (nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129, t\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n) <\/span>
Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng <\/span>
Nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng sanh t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/p>\n

oOo<\/span><\/p>\n

Do h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p (nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eef v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> do tu thi\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> hai th\u1ee7 (hai th\u1ee7 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span>, ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span>, ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c; s\u1eafc (ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>), v\u00e0 danh (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m); t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ee9t (th\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u00e1o th\u00e2n<\/span>, th\u00e2n th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p)<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i sinh d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span> sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 hai n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u201ct\u1eadp kh\u00ed\u201d n\u1ebfu d\u1ecbch theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en<\/span> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f3i quen<\/span> l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i do h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, do th\u00f3i quen<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u th\u00ec t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hay u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u. C\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eadp vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef th\u00ec tay c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u1edd t\u1eadp vi\u1ebft l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> (h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>) \u0111\u00e3 gieo tr\u1ed3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc).<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00ednh v\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 do n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n m\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span>, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u201cT\u00f9y duy\u00ean hi\u1ec7n\u201d ch\u1eb3ng qua \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n<\/span>, nh\u1eefng l\u00fac m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1eaft mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh hoa trong ph\u00f2ng t\u1ed1i th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e8n s\u00e1ng, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh hoa m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t<\/span> k\u1ef9 b\u00ecnh hoa \u1ea5y… M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> \u201cli\u1ec5u bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span> trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> xen k\u1ebd hay t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1eaft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt trong t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00f2n tai th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nghe nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a \u00e2m thanh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i ch\u1ee9 m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghe ti\u1ebfng, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i tai kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a hai ch\u1eef \u201ct\u00f9y duy\u00ean\u201d trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHo\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1eaft \u0111ang xem truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh, tai \u0111ang nghe nh\u1ea1c, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u0169i \u0111ang ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ean b\u00e0n, th\u00e2n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng tay g\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n b\u1ecf v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng nhai v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111ang n\u1ebfm v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n \u0111\u00f3… \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cHo\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng\u201d tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u1ee7, t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n, nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft nghe m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tai ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t l\u00fac.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u201cnh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng sinh t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d (xin m\u1edf ngo\u1eb7c th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u201cN\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n\u201d, c\u00e2u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d, n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 do l\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n do \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 DO d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span> h\u01a1n ch\u1eef N\u01af\u01a0NG. C\u00e2u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc… V\u00ec s\u00f3ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean khi n\u00f3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau d\u1ec5 sinh ra hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o nhau do \u0111\u00f3 xin t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng sinh t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d). C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> ri\u00eang kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n khi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan<\/span> trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dd th\u00ec c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan<\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y?<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nguy\u00ean v\u0103n b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dd nh\u01b0ng khi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng khi\u1ebfn ta hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng khi m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft mu\u1ed1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> xem hoa ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 anh l\u00ednh canh gi\u1eef<\/span> c\u1eeda, gi\u1eef kho r\u1ed3i truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u hay \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00ec Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n<\/span> v\u1eady. Do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0: M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i b\u1ed9 t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 ra ga xe l\u1eeda t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> hai b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i hoa g\u00ec, c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau nh\u00e0 \u1edf s\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng hoa h\u1ed3ng<\/span>, b\u00f4ng b\u1ee5t… M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n nh\u1edd t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ch\u1ee5p h\u00ecnh lo\u1ea1i hoa H\u1ea3i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> \u0111i b\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm n\u00f3 th\u00ec ra \u1edf s\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra ga c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i hoa H\u1ea3i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 bao l\u00e2u nay qua qua l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i t\u00f4i v\u1eabn nh\u00ecn v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i hoa n\u1ea7y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00f3ng kh\u1edfi c\u00e1i \u00fd, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m \u0111i t\u00ecm lo\u1ea1i hoa n\u1ea7y n\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 t\u00f4i m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra<\/span> ngay. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd<\/span> \u0111i t\u00ecm lo\u1ea1i hoa n\u1ea7y th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 qua l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> t\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> cho nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi m\u1edf truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u00fd<\/span> t\u00ecm nghe b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c My Heart Will Go On (Love Theme from \u201cTitanic\u201d, Words and Music by James Horner\/Will Jennings) th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng m\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e1t \u0111i h\u00e1t l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c g\u00ec. Qua hai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00ean ta th\u1ea5y \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> cho n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u00fd<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> n\u00f3i \u201c\u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n ph\u00e1t ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed9c vi t\u1ed1i, D\u1eabn m\u00e3n n\u0103ng chi\u00eau nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> khi\u00ean\u201d (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u1eabn-nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u00e3n-nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u n\u1ea7y, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, do n\u01a1i<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 tinh kh\u00f4n<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00f3 n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 huy<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0111\u1ed9c h\u1eefu nh\u1ee9t c\u00e1 t\u1ed1i linh ly\u201d, c\u0169ng t\u1eeb Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra nh\u01b0ng so v\u1edbi s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y tinh kh\u00f4n<\/span> lanh l\u1ee3i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 trong Duy Th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f4ng vi th\u1ee7, t\u1ed9i vi kh\u00f4i\u201d, khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng th\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i h\u01a1n h\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 khi nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span> ch\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 s\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> th\u1ea5y. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u1edfi ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00ean h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb<\/span> kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 c\u0103n l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129, t\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span>. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec n\u00f3 h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00f2n \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o \u00dd c\u0103n<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y), c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00ean r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho ta nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> qua m\u1ed9t trung gian<\/span> l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> chia l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0110\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea7u \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean. \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 qua, suy nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span> trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/span> cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai… Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i chia l\u00e0m ba lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong m\u1ed9ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong m\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac m\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Khi ng\u1ee7 say th\u00ec n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng xa r\u1eddi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span>. \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ri\u00eang tuy c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> suy l\u00fd<\/span> nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m<\/span>, \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o<\/span>; tin nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c phi l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh…<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ta th\u1ea5y trong m\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ea3nhv\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> do \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nhv\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac do bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> sinh l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 sinh ra nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh \u1ea5y. V\u00ec d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1n v\u1ecb:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong khi t\u0129nh th\u1ee9c \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> suy ngh\u0129<\/span> t\u00ednh to\u00e1n vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y vi\u1ec7c kia, nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u00f9 li\u1ec7u m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c<\/span> trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai…<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> suy ngh\u0129<\/span> t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc c\u00f3 11 m\u00f3n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi nh\u01b0: Tin, tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span>, t\u1ef1 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5<\/span>, th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng tham lam<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n h\u1eadn<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng si m\u00ea<\/span>, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng th\u01b0 th\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng bu\u00f4ng lung<\/span> ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang<\/span>, l\u00e0m r\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh l\u00fac n\u1ea7y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp<\/span> ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span>. Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, th\u00e0nh B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> l\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u1ea7y…<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu khi \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> suy ngh\u0129<\/span> t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1eadp ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> l\u00e0m \u00e1c t\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u00f3 6 m\u00f3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: Tham lam<\/span>, n\u1ed5i n\u00f3ng, si m\u00ea<\/span>, khinh m\u1ea1n, nghi ng\u1edd<\/span> do d\u1ef1<\/span>, \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4<\/span> t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span> (trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y chia l\u00e0m n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i: Ch\u1ea5p ta; ch\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u00ean v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i l\u00e0 h\u1ebft (\u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn<\/span>), ho\u1eb7c cho r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span> s\u1ebd c\u00f3 linh h\u1ed3n<\/span> b\u1ea5t t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i (ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng); m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan<\/span> t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y<\/span>; kh\u01b0 kh\u01b0 gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y ch\u1ed7 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp thu<\/span> c\u00e1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n, cho \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 sai tr\u00e1i<\/span>; ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eef theo gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> theo nh\u1eefng t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> lu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> 20 m\u00f3n t\u00f9y phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: Gi\u1eadn, h\u1eddn, che gi\u1ea5u, bu\u1ed3n phi\u1ec1n<\/span>, t\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1 ganh gh\u00e9t<\/span>, b\u1ecfn x\u1ebbn<\/span>, d\u1ed1i g\u1ea1t, b\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ee1 n\u1ecbnh h\u00f3t, t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i<\/span>, ki\u00eau c\u0103ng<\/span>, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span> chao \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00f4n mu\u1ed9i<\/span> m\u1edd t\u1ed1i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng tin, bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c<\/span> tr\u1ec3 n\u00e3i, bu\u00f4ng lung<\/span>, qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span>, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n<\/span>, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> b\u1ecb v\u00e2y quanh b\u1edfi 6 m\u00f3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u00e0 20 m\u00f3n t\u00f9y phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u00ean n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> c\u0169ng trong l\u00fac \u201c\u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u00e1n v\u1ecb\u201d n\u1ea7y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u201cch\u1eadp t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u00e1c h\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t<\/span> ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1n v\u1ecb h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean 90 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1<\/span> c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i trong ph\u00f2ng th\u1eadt y\u00ean t\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh hay<\/span> \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft suy t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 cho \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 qua, \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft kinh<\/span> nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1eddi; ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u1eafm l\u00fac l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c<\/span> h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span>; ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c…<\/span><\/p>\n

Do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/span> kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u0169ng do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/span>, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1n v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> suy l\u00fd<\/span> h\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m… V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n nh\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u do suy ngh\u0129<\/span> nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i n\u00ean thi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> b\u00ean trong c\u0103n nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111i quan s\u00e1t<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> c\u00f3 n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 suy x\u00e9t<\/span> th\u00ec m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1n v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ea3nh<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> do suy nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh(v\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y r\u1ed3i).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con qu\u1ec9 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecb l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf m\u00e0 ta ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc tu thi\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1n<\/span> th\u00ec \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> do n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc tu thi\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nhn\u1ea7y. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu thi\u1ec1n<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u00e2m ch\u01b0a an \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1n<\/span> th\u00ec l\u1eafm l\u00fac v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ea3nhv\u00e0 \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nhhi\u1ec7n ra nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 duy t\u00e2m lu\u1eadn<\/span> ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hay<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1n v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong m\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 trong m\u00f4n Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Ng\u0169 C\u00e2u \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ng\u0169 c\u00e2u ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00f9ng l\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 chung kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi xem m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i hoa l\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa ph\u00e2n t\u00edch lo\u00e0i hoa \u1ea5y th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eeba xem hoa v\u1eeba nghe nh\u1ea1c v.v… \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n th\u00ec m\u0169i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Henri Louis Bergson c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u201cTr\u1ef1c Gi\u00e1c\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u201cc\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1ea7y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111i s\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> d\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> qua ki\u1ebfp sau<\/span> th\u00ec \u00f4ng n\u1ea7y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m trong duy th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc<\/span>. C\u00e1c tri\u1ebft gia<\/span> T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 r\u1ea5t th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0ng \u0111i xa h\u01a1n<\/span> n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c T\u00e1m th\u00ec h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1edbi. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec h\u1ecd b\u1ecb g\u00f2 b\u00f3 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4i! Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm n\u0103ng, n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i \u201cIT\u201d , \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng qua trong duy th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc<\/span> xem nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1eadp Kh\u00ed\u201d hay t\u00ecm n\u0103ng hay ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n trong s\u00e1ch \u201cDuy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc Th\u00f4ng Lu\u1eadn\u201d c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea1c \u0110\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1ea7y:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o gi\u00e1c quan<\/span>, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> (ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>) ph\u00e1t sinh, c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00e1ch quan, gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span>, Ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> T\u00e1nh C\u1ea3nh, ch\u1ee9 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o tri gi\u00e1c<\/span>, th\u00ec c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0110\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ea3nhr\u1ed3i. M\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ea3nh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 T\u00e1nh C\u1ea3nh n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh, v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh. \u0110i\u1ec3m n\u1ea7y gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Ch\u1ee7 Quan<\/span> Duy T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn<\/span>. Tuy th\u1ebf<\/span>, Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Ch\u1ee7 Quan<\/span> Duy T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00ec l\u1ebd Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00e1ch quan; l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng Th\u1ef1c T\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> do \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean<\/span> cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh. Ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Kinh Nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/span>. Ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span>, m\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u0169 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec ?<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)- Ph\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> (ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3)<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)- Ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> (\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 hai ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span>, hai ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t. Ta \u0111\u1eebng n\u00ean l\u1ea7m hai ph\u1ea7n \u1ea5y v\u1edbi gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> (ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3) v\u00e0 ng\u0169 tr\u1ea7n<\/span> (\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng T\u00e1nh-C\u1ea3nhgi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 \u201cv\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n\u201dc\u1ee7a Kant, v\u00ec l\u1ebd th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cv\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n\u201d. Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Kant l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 Ng\u0169-c\u00e2u-\u00fd-th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng-h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3m-gi\u00e1c, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh-c\u1ea3nh, m\u00e0 Kant th\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft<\/span> \u00fd-th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cv\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u201cb\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t\u201d \u1ea5y, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u1ea5y c\u1ed1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do \u00fd-th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ng\u0169-c\u00e2u \u00fd-th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m-gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n, \u00fd-t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng-\u0111\u1ebf, th\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean-t\u1eafc t\u1ea1o-h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Berkeley. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 Th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn<\/span>, cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng \u201cth\u1ebf-gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch quan\u201d c\u1ee7a Duy-v\u1eadt-lu\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00fd\u201d, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Schopenhauer m\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Sao l\u1ea1i t\u1ed3n-t\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i \u00fd-th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7-quan? Mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm bi\u1ebft, ta ph\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m (th\u1ee9c Alaya). \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Duy-Th\u1ee9c-H\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7-tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> h\u00ecnh b\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean th\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean h\u01b0 th\u00f4i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, \u0111\u1ec1u do th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn kh\u1edfi, trong l\u00e0 c\u0103n th\u00e2n, ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>. C\u0103n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t sinh ra th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> do \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh. R\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi nh\u01b0ng ng\u1ee7 c\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7<\/span> quan do \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00e1ch quan. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee7<\/span> quan v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. S\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Phi L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> (s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> sai v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng) ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> kh\u00f4ng trong s\u00e1ng<\/span> l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 hai ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn Nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00ec do nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng T\u1eadp Kh\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span>, nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eef, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> do tu thi\u1ec1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> l\u00e0m s\u01a1 duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hai Th\u1ee7. Hai Th\u1ee7 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> T\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> (s\u1edf ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>) v\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> (n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>) c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c; Danh (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u00e2m) v\u00e0 S\u1eafc (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n); T\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>. Ph\u1ea7n sau n\u1ea7y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Hai Th\u1ee7 l\u00e0m th\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> do T\u1eadp Kh\u00ed<\/span> c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> hay H\u1ea1t Gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Hai Th\u1ee7 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0m S\u01a1 Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u00ean th\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e2n sinh ra do th\u1ecd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> b\u00e1o t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba ch\u1ebft \u0111i li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> hai th\u1ee7 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span> l\u00f4i k\u00e9o Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> n\u1eefa trong v\u00f2ng<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> quy\u1ebft ch\u00ed<\/span> chuy\u00ean tu<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

D. Vai tr\u00f2<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t-Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Klista-mano Vijnana) trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Nh\u1eefng t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng t\u1eeb C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 ra, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ef1<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t-Na c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean nh\u01b0:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- M\u1ea1t-Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ean n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phi\u00ean \u00e2m theo ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ghi tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- \u00dd-C\u0103n:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o n\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec trong t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c T\u00e2m<\/span> V\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> Th\u1ee9c:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb trong T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> cho ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

e- \u00dd:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> chia t\u00e1m m\u00f3n t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: T\u00e2m, \u00dd v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c. T\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00ec Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>, duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ra ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3, duy tr\u00ec<\/span> c\u0103n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>… Do \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t-Na c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t danh l\u00e0 \u00dd.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1u Th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0: Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, T\u1ef7 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7t Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Th\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> bi\u1ec7t danh l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> nh\u01b0: Trong Ba C\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 T\u00e1nh C\u1ea3nh, \u0110\u1ed9c \u1ea2nh C\u1ea3nh<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ea3nh, th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 Phi L\u01b0\u1ee3ngv\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> ch\u1ea5p Ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00ean n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> (Phi L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 Hi\u1ec7n L\u01b0\u1ee3nghay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/span> nh\u01b0 T\u1ef7 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> m\u00ea m\u1edd khi\u1ebfn cho th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00e2n, Kh\u1ea9u, \u00dd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span>. V\u00ec n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u do \u0111\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> lu\u00f4n n\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 Ba T\u00e1nh l\u00e0: Thi\u1ec7n, \u00c1c v\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> (T\u00e1nh n\u1ea7y chia l\u00e0m hai l\u00e0 H\u1eefu Ph\u00fa<\/span> V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Ph\u00fa V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span>), Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c B\u1ea3y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh H\u1eefu Ph\u00fa<\/span> V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> che l\u1ea5p<\/span> b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y, l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> g\u00e2y ra nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea7n cho th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u201cC\u0103n C\u1ea3nh Duy\u00ean\u201d(t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m), v\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c B\u1ea3y d\u00f9ng ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh duy\u00ean qua ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u00ean gi\u1eefa hai th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y sinh ra m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh \u201cch\u01a1n \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t\u201d(v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e2u D\u0129 t\u00e2m duy\u00ean<\/span> t\u00e2m ch\u01a1n \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t. Trung gian<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> sanh).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00e1c \u00dd Duy\u00ean\u201dl\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y kh\u1edfi ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> g\u00ec ph\u00e1t sinh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 M\u1ea1t-Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u1ee7ng T\u1eed Duy\u00ean\u201d, v\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n Th\u1ed1ng<\/span> Th\u1ee9c ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> gom c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p do s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111em v\u00e0o t\u00edch t\u1eadp trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u0111em c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ra cho kh\u1edfi l\u00ean hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 mang ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0o kho c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> ra khi c\u1ea7n. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> th\u00ec anh n\u1ea7y r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 hay th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t so \u0111o suy ngh\u0129<\/span> thi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ch\u1ea5p Ng\u00e3<\/span>, cho c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y, c\u00e1i kia, c\u00e1i n\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ta. T\u00ednh m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cB\u00e1t C\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec7 huynh nh\u1ee9t c\u00e1 si\u201d (t\u00e1m ch\u00fa anh em, si m\u1ed9t ch\u00e0ng) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ngu si<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t<\/span>. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> ngu si<\/span> b\u1ecb c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> l\u00e0m m\u00ea m\u1edd b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> \u0111i r\u1ed3i n\u00ean sinh ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u \u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong 51 m\u00f3n T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 18 m\u00f3n T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> \u0111i k\u00e8m hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 chung kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 5 m\u00f3n Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh<\/span> (X\u00fac, T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span>, Th\u1ecd, T\u01b0\u1edfng, T\u01b0).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong n\u0103m m\u00f3n Bi\u1ec7t C\u1ea3nh<\/span> (D\u1ee5c, Th\u1eafng Gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, Ni\u1ec7m, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Hu\u1ec7) Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi Hu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. T\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 anh ch\u00e0ng si m\u00ea<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u00f3n Hu\u1ec7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> chung kh\u1edfi b\u1edfi v\u00ec Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>, suy x\u00e9t<\/span>, so s\u00e1nh<\/span>, suy l\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 u t\u1ed1i m\u00e0 anh ch\u00e0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00f4ng minh<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ee9, c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> hay ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> n\u00ean b\u1ecb c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u<\/span> l\u00e0m cho m\u00ea m\u1edd u t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5y th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1eb7ng nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y b\u1ecb b\u1ed1n m\u00f3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> (Si, Ki\u1ebfn, M\u1ea1n, \u00c1i) khu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u. Th\u1eadt ra th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n m\u00f3n n\u1ea7y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eaft d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> ki\u1ebfp ki\u1ebfp<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng<\/span> kh\u00f3 d\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> r\u1ed3i n\u00f3i chi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n m\u00f3n m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Hy M\u00e3 L\u1ea1p S\u01a1n<\/span> \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> th\u00ec d\u1eabu c\u00f3 tr\u0103m T\u1ec1 Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u00e1nh<\/span> h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i n\u00e0o v\u00f9ng d\u1eady n\u1ed5i hu\u1ed1ng chi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y nh\u1ecf nhoi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0m sao tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng kinh h\u1ed3n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u1eb7ng k\u00fd nh\u1ea5t trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n b\u1ecb 8 m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00f9y<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> n\u1eefa c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> kh\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1o C\u1eed<\/span> (lao chao), H\u00f4n Tr\u1ea7m<\/span> (m\u1edd t\u1ed1i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng<\/span>), B\u1ea5t T\u00edn<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng tin), Gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u00e3i<\/span> (bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c<\/span> tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7), Ph\u00f3ng D\u1eadt<\/span> (bu\u00f4ng lung<\/span>), Th\u1ea5t Ni\u1ec7m<\/span> (m\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span>), T\u00e1n Lo\u1ea1n<\/span> (r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n<\/span>), B\u1ea5t Ch\u00e1nh<\/span> Tri (hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sai l\u1ea7m<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i 18 m\u00f3n T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u00f4i ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7t cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y n\u1ea7y nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Nhi\u1ec5m \u00d4<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c Si M\u00ea<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c Ch\u1ea5p Ng\u00e3<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y n\u1ea7y do Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 ra (y B\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n duy\u00ean B\u1ec9).<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Vasubandhu.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1ch Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span>, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span>, nguy\u00ean v\u0103n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit Ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n v\u0103n. Trong s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ba b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i c\u00f3 4 c\u00e2u th\u01a1 5 ch\u1eef n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tasya vy\u00e3vrtirarhatve<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eed \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tad\u00e3sritya pravartate<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb Th\u1ee9c danh M\u1ea1t Na<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tad\u00e3lambam manon\u00e3ma<\/span><\/p>\n

Y B\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n duy\u00ean B\u1ec9<\/span><\/p>\n

Vijn\u00e3nam manan\u00e3tmakamm<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> duy t\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i N\u00f3, duy\u00ean N\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m ba lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai. Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1u Th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u201cN\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i N\u00f3, duy\u00ean N\u00f3\u201d. Ch\u1eef N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00ec Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c<\/span> A L\u1ea1i Ya l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Do \u0111\u00f3 A L\u1ea1i Ya \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a cho M\u1ea1t Na<\/span>. T\u00e1nh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2<\/span> r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 hai:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kelsais caturbhih<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng cu<\/span><\/p>\n

Sahitam nivrt\u00e3vy\u00e3krtaih sad\u00e3<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ecb ng\u00e3<\/span> si, ng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c3tmadrsty \u00e3tmamoh<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ecbnh ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n<\/span>, ng\u00e3 \u00e1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c3tmam\u00e3n \u00c3tmasnehasamjnitaih<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1eadp gi\u1eef x\u00fac \u0111\u1eb3ng cu<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng b\u1ed1n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 ng\u00e3 si<\/span>, ng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n<\/span>, ng\u00e3 \u00e1i<\/span>, v\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

X\u00fac v.v… c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam ch\u1eef ng\u00e3 v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1n m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> ng\u00e3 Si<\/span> (si m\u00ea<\/span> c\u00e1i ng\u00e3), ng\u00e3 Ki\u1ebfn<\/span> (ch\u1ea5p ch\u1eb7t<\/span> nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span>), ng\u00e3 M\u1ea1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 cao c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khinh khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe t\u1eeb \u201cng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n c\u1ed1ng cao\u201c v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 \u00c1i<\/span> (ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u \u201cX\u00fac\u201d v.v… ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 X\u00fac, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, trong n\u0103m m\u00f3n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u00f2n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng chung kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 Si, Ki\u1ebfn, M\u1ea1n, \u00c1i; kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng chung kh\u1edfi c\u00f3 n\u0103m m\u00f3n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 8 m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00f9y<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 ba:<\/span><\/p>\n

Yatrajas tanmayair anyaith<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu ph\u00fa<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp<\/span><\/p>\n

Sparsadyais carhato na tat<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y s\u1edf sanh s\u1edf h\u1ec7<\/span><\/p>\n

Na nirodhasamapattau<\/span><\/p>\n

A La H\u00e1n<\/span>, di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e3rge lokotare na ca<\/span><\/p>\n

Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh h\u1eefu ph\u00fa<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sinh n\u01a1i n\u00e0o theo \u0111\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

La H\u00e1n<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Xu\u1ea5t Th\u1ebf<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u201ch\u1eefu ph\u00fa v\u00f4 k\u00fd\u201d. Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m sinh v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0o th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> A La H\u00e1n<\/span>, nh\u1eadp Di\u1ec7t<\/span> T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1o Xu\u1ea5t Th\u1ebf<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00ean Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n. V\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn A La H\u00e1n<\/span> t\u00ean T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> sau n\u1ea7y s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh tr\u00ed do \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00ean M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00e1c m\u00f3n T\u00e2m V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> c\u00e1c m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> c\u0169ng b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t do \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y c\u0169ng b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1o Xu\u1ea5t Th\u1ebf<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u00ed Ch\u01a1n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span> H\u1eadu \u0110\u1eafc th\u00ec h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra NGHI\u1ec6P n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u201cNh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 T\u00e1m Th\u1ee9c\u201c Ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> c\u00f3 ba b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu ph\u00fa<\/span> th\u00f4ng t\u00ecnh b\u1ed5n<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi phi<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/span>, bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh<\/span> hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/p>\n

Tham, si, ng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, m\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f9y<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu ph\u00fa<\/span>, \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t, th\u00f4ng B\u1ea3y, T\u00e1m<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 Phi<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh<\/span>, Hu\u1ec7, Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh<\/span>, t\u00e1m \u0110\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo ho\u00e0i, ng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, m\u1ea1n, tham, si<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ba c\u1ea3nh, th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t C\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1edbng do v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo \u201ch\u1eefu ch\u1ea5t t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh\u201d m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>, c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Ch\u01a1n \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cd\u0129 t\u00e2m duy\u00ean<\/span> t\u00e2m ch\u01a1n \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> d\u00f9ng \u201cki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n\u201d t\u00e2m (ph\u1ea7n n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>) c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 duy\u00ean qua \u201cki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n\u201d t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1i Ng\u00e3 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> \u201ct\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n\u201d (ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>) c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y. Ng\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 do s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cCh\u01a1n \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- T\u1ee3 \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh do m\u00ea l\u1ea7m<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>. C\u1ea3nh n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng \u1ea3nh l\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u201cch\u01a1n \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t\u201d m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cH\u1eefu ph\u00fa\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh \u201ch\u1eefu ph\u00fa v\u00f4 k\u00fd\u201d c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00f4ng T\u00ccNH, B\u1ed4N\u201d, T\u00ccNH l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y, B\u1ed4N l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. \u1ede ph\u1ea7n (a) tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u00ec M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> d\u00f9ng ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u00e2m (ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00ccNH) duy\u00ean qua ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed4N v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i g\u1ed1c\u201d, ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 phi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 hai:<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eb1ng th\u1ea9m t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ng\u00e3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f9y<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> nh\u1eadt d\u1ea1 tr\u1ea5n h\u00f4n m\u00ea<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c<\/span>, b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f4 vi \u201cnhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh y\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, h\u1eb1ng, th\u1ea9m, theo ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> lu\u1ed1ng h\u00f4n m\u00ea<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c, t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1u Th\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o \u201cnhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh y\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00ean c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y l\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean. C\u00f3 hai t\u1eeb H\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 Th\u1ea9m c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n, Th\u1ea9m l\u00e0 th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t. Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n v\u00e0 hay th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c T\u00e1m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c S\u00e1u hay th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i hay gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, v\u00ec khi ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea kh\u00f4ng chi\u00eam bao<\/span>, sinh v\u00e0o tr\u1eddi V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn… Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c S\u00e1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea9m x\u00e9t.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u th\u1ee9 hai cho ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 v\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> si m\u00ea<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh b\u1ecb quay cu\u1ed3ng<\/span> h\u00f4n m\u00ea<\/span> trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n m\u00f3n trong 6 m\u00f3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> (tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n, nghi, \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span>), 4 m\u00f3n n\u1ea7y n\u1eb1m trong 10 m\u00f3n T\u01b0 Ho\u1eb7c<\/span> n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed1n Ho\u1eb7c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ed1n Ho\u1eb7c\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n. Trong 10 m\u00f3n t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ra trong ba c\u00f5i<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: D\u1ee5c Gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n: tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n. S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 ba: Tham, si, m\u1ea1n. V\u00f4 S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 ba: Tham, si, m\u1ea1n. V\u00ec trong hai c\u00f5i S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u00f3n \u201cs\u00e2n\u201d nh\u01b0 c\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n\u201d c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u201cnhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh y\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 ba:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ef1c h\u1ec9 s\u01a1 t\u00e2m<\/span>, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> ng\u00e3 h\u1eb1ng th\u00f4i<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi tha th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> s\u1edf b\u1ecb<\/span> c\u00f4i (c\u01a1)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 t\u00e2m<\/span> C\u1ef1c H\u1ef7<\/span>, B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng<\/span> T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1nh V\u00f4 C\u00f4ng D\u1ee5ng<\/span>, Ng\u00e3 li\u1ec1n r\u01a1i<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/span> hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span> Tha Th\u1ecd D\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ecba<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 S\u01a1 T\u00e2m<\/span> Hoan H\u1ef7 \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ecba Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ecba<\/span> c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 C\u00f4ng D\u1ee5ng H\u1ea1nh<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eadc V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c<\/span> th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Tr\u00ed, l\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span> Tha Th\u1ecd D\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span> h\u00e0ng Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

E- N\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang<\/span><\/p>\n

1- N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c Tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u00e1m m\u00f3n T\u00e2m V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> : Caksur-vijn\u00e3na<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span> : Srota-vijn\u00e3na<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ec9 Th\u1ee9c<\/span> : Ghr\u00e3na-vijn\u00e3na<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7t Th\u1ee9c<\/span> : Jihv\u00e3-vijn\u00e3na<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> : Kay\u00e3-vijn\u00e3na<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c sinh l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung quanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (t\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) nh\u01b0 trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do n\u01a1i<\/span> Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng sinh t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/p>\n

Do n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, n\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span> n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f9ng chung<\/span> kh\u1edfi ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ri\u00eang l\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u1edbi Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 N\u01af\u1edaC (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) v\u00e0 S\u00d3NG (N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 truy nguy\u00ean<\/span> ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, theo Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Takakusu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span> trong s\u00e1ch The Essentials of Buddhism Philosophy c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 sau: B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (Mah\u00e3y\u00e3na-samparigraha) do V\u00f4 Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Asangha) vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>, do ng\u01b0\u1eddi em l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> (Vasabandhu) ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i<\/span>. Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee7 (Buddhasanta) d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n v\u0103n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 531. Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> (Param\u00e3rtha) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 563, v\u00e0 Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u1eefa d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n v\u0103n v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> 648-649. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c n\u00ean n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> b\u1ea3n v\u0103n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nhi\u1ebfp Lu\u1eadn T\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0o 10 \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) \/ A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) \/ H\u1ecdc Thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ec7 t\u00e1nh, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3) \/ S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc ng\u1ed9 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) \/ L\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ed9 Ba La M\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(5) \/ Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> (*)<\/span><\/p>\n

(6) \/ Gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/p>\n

(7) \/ \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

(8) \/ Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/p>\n

(9) \/ V\u00f4 Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(10) \/ Tam Th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span>: B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> l\u00e0 l\u00fd th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7<\/span> (Dharmak\u00e3ya);<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) B\u00e1o Th\u00e2n<\/span>: Hay th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng th\u00e2n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> (Sambhogak\u00e3ya);<\/span><\/p>\n

(c) H\u00f3a Th\u00e2n<\/span>: Th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a<\/span> nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> (Nirm\u00e3nak\u00e3ya).<\/span><\/p>\n

(*) Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span>: 1) Hoan H\u1ef7 \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 2) Ly C\u1ea5u \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 3) Ph\u00e1t Quang \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 4) Di\u1ec7m Hu\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 5) Nam Th\u1eafng \u0110\u1ecba, 6) Hi\u1ec7n Ti\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 7) Vi\u1ec5n H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 8) B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 9) Thi\u1ec7n Hu\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>, 10) Ph\u00e1p V\u00e2n \u0110\u1ecba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Hai M\u01b0\u01a1i B\u00e0i T\u1ee5ng do Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i<\/span> v\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i B\u00e0i T\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cA L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi\u2019\u2019 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cDo n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n, N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> kh\u1edfi…\u201c. \u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ea5y. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 do th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u1eadt s\u1ef1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Stcherbatsky c\u00f3 n\u00eau ra nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)\/ Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 I: M\u00e3 Minh<\/span> (Asvaghosa) kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng phong tr\u00e0o<\/span> h\u01b0ng kh\u1edfi \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span>. Vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn Lu\u1eadn<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\/ Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 II: Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> (N\u00e3g\u00e3rjuna) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u1eadp h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i<\/span> T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi Lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)\/ Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 III v\u00e0 IV: C\u00f3 hai v\u1ecb n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 Ki\u00ean Hu\u1ec7<\/span> (Saramati) v\u00e0 Di L\u1eb7c<\/span> (Maitreya). Di L\u1eb7c<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/span> c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghi ng\u1edd<\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng huy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)\/ Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 V: L\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Duy T\u00e2m<\/span> (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>) c\u1ee7a hai anh em V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> (Asangha) v\u00e0 Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> (Vasubandhu).<\/span><\/p>\n

(5)\/ Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VI: Lu\u1eadn tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Duy T\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, An Hu\u1ec7<\/span> (Sthiramati) v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Na<\/span> (Dingn\u00e3ga) \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u<\/span> cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Duy T\u00e2m<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt H\u1ed9<\/span> (Buddhapalita) v\u00e0 Thanh Bi\u1ec7n<\/span> (Bh\u00e3vaviveka) \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u<\/span> cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i T\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(6)\/ Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VII: Nguy\u1ec7t X\u1ee9ng<\/span> (Candrak\u0129rti) xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> Trung Qu\u00e1n<\/span>… (theo Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Takakusu trong s\u00e1ch The Essentials of Buddhism Philosophy \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u00e3 Minh<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cT\u00e2m Sanh Di\u1ec7t<\/span>, Y theo<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span>, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng sanh, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u1ea1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f3 sanh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c. A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp<\/span> nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y sanh ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp<\/span> nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 hai? M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a GI\u00c1C (Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>), hai l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a B\u1ea5t Gi\u00e1c<\/span> (ch\u01b0a gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, c\u00f2n m\u00ea)\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o hai ph\u1ea7n Ph\u00f9 Tr\u1ea7n C\u0103n<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> th\u00f4 ph\u00f9 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n vi t\u1ebf<\/span> \u1ea9n t\u00e0ng b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh S\u1eafc<\/span> C\u0103n c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a C\u0103n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ph\u1ea7n: Ph\u00f9 Tr\u1ea7n C\u0103n<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p m\u1eaft ph\u00eda b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a C\u0103n<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> th\u1ea7n kinh<\/span> b\u00ean trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a C\u0103n<\/span> theo Th\u00e1i H\u01b0<\/span> ph\u00e1p s\u01b0<\/span> v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh<\/span> c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m<\/span> ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> trong n\u00e3o b\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cH\u00e3y l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 con m\u1eaft TH\u1ea4Y c\u00e1i hoa. Con M\u1eaft l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 tr\u1ea7n c\u0103n<\/span>, c\u00f2n c\u00e1i hoa, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a con m\u1eaft. S\u1ef1 X\u00daC CH\u1ea0M (x\u00fac) t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i hoa in tr\u00ean v\u00f5ng m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a con m\u1eaft; \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c<\/span> chuy\u1ec1n t\u1edbi trung t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00e3o b\u1ed9. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1eaft (ph\u00f9 tr\u1ea7n c\u0103n<\/span>) v\u00e0 hoa. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00f5ng m\u00f4, th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c<\/span> th\u1ea7n kinh<\/span> (th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a c\u0103n<\/span>) v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i hoa in tr\u00ean v\u00f5ng m\u00f4 \u1ea5y. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> sinh l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba th\u00ec m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t sinh. N\u0103m th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1edbi sinh l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span>, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ngo\u00e0i sinh l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span>. V\u00ec v\u1eady<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t<\/span> n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 ba, th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecdng<\/span> nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 l\u1eabn ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> (darsanabh\u00e3ga) v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> (nimittabh\u00e3ga) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hai ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c, c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span>. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec; tri gi\u00e1c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 tri gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec; \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec; kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1i \u00fd ni\u1ec7m<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i th\u1ee9c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> (n\u1ebfu ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u) hay c\u1ee7a tri gi\u00e1c<\/span> ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> (n\u1ebfu ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>). Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n theo lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> h\u00f3a) nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> h\u1eefu vi<\/span> n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> (th\u1ecb gi\u00e1c<\/span>) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ecb quan<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc<\/span>. S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chu\u1ed7i x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m (sparsas) gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m quan<\/span> sinh l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chu\u1ed7i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c. V\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span>, th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> hay tri gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t … (theo s\u00e1ch V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> Nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh<\/span>)\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a- T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m trong Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i B\u00e0i T\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Dvitiyah parin\u00e3mo yam trt\u0129yah sadvidhasya y\u00e3<\/span><\/p>\n

Visayasyopalabdhih s\u00e3 kus\u00e1l\u00e3dvay\u00e3<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7<\/span> tam n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Li\u1ec5u c\u1ea3nh vi t\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> cu phi<\/span><\/p>\n

(Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch ra H\u00e1n v\u0103n)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba<\/span><\/p>\n

Sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> g\u1ed3m s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh, T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee7 Thi\u1ec7n, \u00c1c, V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0-T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0: Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, T\u1ef9 Th\u1ee9c, Thi\u1ec7t Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Th\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. V\u1ec1 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u1edf nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i T\u00e1nh v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh<\/span> c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> cho n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch… N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghe v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e2m thanh<\/span> l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span>… ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham<\/span> d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span> trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u00e1t Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Qui C\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span>, H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Hoa \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t m\u00f3n T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> (caitasika-dharma), n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi 34 m\u00f3n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 5 m\u00f3n Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh<\/span> (sarvatraga): X\u00fac (c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/span>, sparsa), T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span> (s\u1ef1 m\u00f3ng t\u00e2m<\/span>, ch\u00fa \u00fd, Manask\u00e3ra), Th\u1ecd (l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd<\/span>, vedan\u00e3), T\u01b0\u1edfng (t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, samjin\u00e3), T\u01b0 (suy t\u00ednh<\/span>, cetan\u00e3).<\/span><\/p>\n

5 m\u00f3n Bi\u1ec7t C\u1ea3nh<\/span> (viniyata): D\u1ee5c (mong mu\u1ed1n, hy v\u1ecdng<\/span>, chanda), Th\u1eafng Gi\u1ea3i<\/span> (nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span>, adhimoksa), Ni\u1ec7m (ngh\u0129a nh\u1edb, smrti), \u0110\u1ecbnh (chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa<\/span>, sam\u00e3dhi), Hu\u1ec7 (quan s\u00e1t<\/span>, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span>, prajn\u00e3).<\/span><\/p>\n

11 m\u00f3n Thi\u1ec7n (kusala): T\u00edn (tin, sraddha), T\u00e0m (t\u1ef1 th\u1eb9n, hri), Qu\u00ed (h\u1ed5 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, apatr\u00e3pya), V\u00f4 Tham<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng tham lam<\/span>, alobha), V\u00f4 S\u00e2n<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eadn, advesa), V\u00f4 Si<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng si m\u00ea<\/span>, amoha), Tinh T\u1ea5n<\/span> (si\u00eang n\u0103ng, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, virya), Khinh An<\/span> (nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng an t\u0129nh<\/span>, prasrabdhi), B\u1ea5t Ph\u00f3ng D\u1eadt<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng bu\u00f4ng lung<\/span>, apram\u00e3da), H\u00e0nh X\u1ea3<\/span> (v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span>, upeks\u00e3), B\u1ea5t H\u1ea1i<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i, ahims\u00e3).<\/span><\/p>\n

3 m\u00f3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span> (klesa): Tham (r\u00e3ga), S\u00e2n (pratigha), Si (m\u0169dhi).<\/span><\/p>\n

2 m\u00f3n trung T\u00f9y Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span> (upaklesa): V\u00f4 T\u00e0m<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb9n, \u00e3hr\u0129kya), V\u00f4 Qu\u00ed (kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed5, anapatr\u00e3pya).<\/span><\/p>\n

8 m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00f9y<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>: Tr\u1ea1o C\u1eed<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean, auddhatya), H\u00f4n Tr\u1ea7m<\/span> (h\u00f4n mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, sty\u00e3na), B\u1ea5t T\u00edn<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng tin, \u00e3sraddhya, Gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u00e3i<\/span> (bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c<\/span>, kaus\u0129dya), Ph\u00f3ng D\u1eadt<\/span> (bu\u00f4ng lung<\/span>, pram\u00e3da), Th\u1ea5t Ni\u1ec7m<\/span> (qu\u00ean, musitasmrtit\u00e3), T\u00e1n Lo\u1ea1n<\/span> (l\u01b0u l\u00e3ng<\/span>, viksepa), B\u1ea5t Ch\u00e1nh<\/span> Tri (bi\u1ebft sai, asamprajanya).<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u1ec3 th\u00ec n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00f9y ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n hay c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span>, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u1eeba thi\u1ec7n v\u1eeba \u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span> khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ngo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Ba C\u1ea3nh th\u00ec n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh (c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9c \u1ea3nh c\u1ea3nh<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3nh th\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> ch\u00fang tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ba l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> (c\u00f2n t\u1ef7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u00e0 phi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang). V\u00ec l\u00e0 N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c<\/span> Hi\u1ec7n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng qua trung gian<\/span> l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> so s\u00e1nh<\/span> lo\u1ea1i suy<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> trong nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> ki\u1ec3u phi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ba t\u00e1nh th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd kh\u00f4ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> t\u00e1nh \u00e1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong n\u0103m th\u1ecd th\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed5, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 x\u1ea3 th\u1ecd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong B\u00e1t Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Qui C\u1ee7 T\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u0169 th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng y t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc<\/span> kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1eedu duy\u00ean, b\u00e1t, th\u1ea5t h\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2n<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7p tam, ly nh\u1ecb, qu\u00e1n tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngu gi\u1ea3 nan ph\u00e2n th\u1ee9c d\u1eef c\u0103n<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ecbnh S\u1eafc<\/span> C\u0103n<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00edn, t\u00e1m, b\u1ea3y duy\u00ean c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ba hi\u1ec7p, hai r\u1eddi, qu\u00e1n tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n Th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi C\u0103n<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0-T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> hay c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1edd C\u0102N (g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> ph\u00f9 tr\u1ea7n c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc<\/span> c\u0103n) x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m (x\u00fac) v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u00e0 C\u0102N \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> hay c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c, th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 C\u0102N m\u1edbi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c hay n\u00f3i<\/span> c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 C\u0102N l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> hay c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 TH\u1ee8C.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ea7n ch\u00edn duy\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: H\u01b0 Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng, C\u01a1 Quan<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u0102N (ph\u00f9 tr\u1ea7n c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc<\/span> c\u0103n), C\u1ea3nh (c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt chung quanh ta l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>), T\u00e1c \u00dd<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u, nh\u1eefng B\u1ea3n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u1eb1m trong A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00e0o trong 9 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u0129 Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb \u00c1NH S\u00c1NG, v\u00ec tai kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u1eabn nghe v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh<\/span>, ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba Th\u1ee9c c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0: T\u1ef6, THI\u1ec6T v\u00e0 TH\u00c2N ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Nh\u00e3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng tr\u1eeb \u0111i H\u01b0 Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng. V\u00ec m\u0169i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. S\u1ef1 n\u1ebfm m\u00f9i c\u1ee7a l\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ba T\u1ef6, THI\u1ec6T v\u00e0 TH\u00c2N ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a b\u00f4ng hoa ph\u1ea3i l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o hai m\u0169i ch\u00fang ta<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5y, l\u01b0\u1ee1i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp n\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n ch\u00fang ta<\/span> m\u1edbi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7n, l\u1ea1t, ngon, d\u1edf… T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> th\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3i x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft v\u1eadt \u1ea5y n\u00f3ng hay l\u1ea1nh v.v… Ba c\u01a1 quan<\/span> n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi sinh ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 BA HI\u1ec6P.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eaft v\u00e0 Tai ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi v\u1eadt mu\u1ed1n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> mu\u1ed1n nghe th\u00ec hai c\u01a1 quan<\/span> n\u00e0y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 HAI R\u1edcI.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i C\u0102N (l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 quan<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 Ph\u00f9 Tr\u1ea7n C\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh<\/span> b\u00ean trong g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh S\u1eafc<\/span> C\u0103n hay Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a C\u0103n<\/span>) ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi TR\u1ea6N (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng c\u01a1 quan<\/span>) v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> th\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 quan<\/span> \u1ea5y m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span>, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01a1i kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u khi ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1edbi C\u0103n.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a- C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 Th\u1eddi Gian<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u00e1nh Ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> Th\u1eddi Gian<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i: Theo Kinh Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3<\/span> th\u00ec b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)\/ Thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: \u0110\u1eddi nay t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi nay th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\/ Thu\u1eadn sinh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: \u0110\u1eddi nay t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> m\u1edbi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)\/ Thu\u1eadn h\u1eadu Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: \u0110\u1eddi nay t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> m\u1edbi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)\/ Thu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: Nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u1eddi n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 khi trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>, c\u00f3 khi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> m\u1edbi x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> T\u00e1nh Ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c Kinh, Lu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)\/ T\u00edch l\u0169y<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p: L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch t\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\/ T\u1eadp qu\u00e1n Nghi\u1ec7p: L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1o ra trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n<\/span>, n\u00ean th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen<\/span>, th\u00e0nh t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n, th\u00e0nh n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)\/ C\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, hay trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span> k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span>. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ed1t<\/span> \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0<\/span> h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi x\u1ea5u<\/span> xa, v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0<\/span> t\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch<\/span>: Gi\u1ebft cha, gi\u1ebft m\u1eb9, gi\u1ebft A La H\u00e1n<\/span>, l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 chia r\u1ebd T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)\/ C\u1eadn t\u1eed Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span> g\u1ea7n l\u00e2m chung<\/span>, c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ef1 \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u thai<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng<\/span> nh\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do n\u01a1i<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 do c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 m\u01b0u hay v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh \u01afu B\u00e0 T\u1eafc<\/span> c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)\/ H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 \u00dd nh\u1eb9: Nh\u01b0 n\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecda ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u1ee1 tay<\/span> l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\/ H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb9 m\u00e0 \u00dd n\u1eb7ng: Nh\u01b0 ban \u0111\u00eam khi th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7m dao \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2m, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1 b\u1ecb s\u1ee9t m\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng \u00dd th\u00ec n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)\/ H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u00dd \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)\/ H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u00dd \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb7ng: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00ec th\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed1 \u00dd<\/span> ch\u1ee7 m\u01b0u l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i<\/span> ch\u1ee7 m\u01b0u gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng nh\u1eb9, kinh \u01afu B\u00e0 T\u1eafc<\/span> c\u00f3 chia ra l\u00e0m t\u00e1m lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)\/ Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u00f9ng dao \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecda ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng may<\/span> khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\/ D\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span> n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00ec th\u00f9 mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e9m n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)\/ K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 ch\u01a1i nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng may<\/span> tr\u00fang v\u1ee1 s\u1ecd ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)\/ Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng dao ch\u00e9m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o y\u1ebft h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng may thay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> nh\u1eb9 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

(5)\/ Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0ng d\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span> nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00f4 \u00dd<\/span> l\u00e1i xe c\u00e1n ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

(6)\/ D\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span> v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/span> vu c\u00e1o<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb t\u00f9 t\u1ed9i.<\/span><\/p>\n

(7)\/ D\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span>, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb7ng: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng dao ch\u00e9m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

(8)\/ D\u1ee5ng \u00dd<\/span>, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9: V\u00ed d\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1n h\u00f9 d\u1ecda b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 ch\u01a1i n\u00ean d\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 da c\u1ecdp gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m c\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ed3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 s\u1ee3 trong ch\u1ed1c l\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi li r\u1ea5t khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i Lu\u1eadt H\u00ecnh S\u1ef1<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn<\/span> tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> hi\u1ec7n nay c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng r\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a n\u0103m Th\u1ee9c C\u1ea3m Gi\u00e1c<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 truy nguy\u00ean<\/span> ra vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 quan<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u0103n) tr\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 khi n\u00f3i TH\u00c2N t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c C\u0102N c\u1ee7a N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa C\u0102N l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c. Do \u0111\u00f3 trong khi t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ec5 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn C\u0103n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 Th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o n\u00ean Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 Tham, S\u00e2n, Si l\u00e0 ba m\u00f3n k\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> d\u1eaft d\u1eabn Th\u00e2n, Kh\u1ea9u, \u00dd v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> hai m\u00f3n V\u00f4 T\u00e0m<\/span>, V\u00f4 Qu\u00ed v\u00e0 8 m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00f9y<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t d\u1eaft d\u1eabn n\u0103m th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng oan nghi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y bu\u00f4ng lung<\/span> theo nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span> th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n<\/span> cho ba m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed9c d\u1eaft d\u1eabn v\u00e0o \u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u v\u00ec trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> x\u1ea5u v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> 11 m\u00f3n thi\u1ec7n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 V\u00f4 Tham<\/span>, V\u00f4 S\u00e2n<\/span>, V\u00f4 Si<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> hay tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> ba m\u00f3n Tham, S\u00e2n, Si v\u1eeba k\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> Tham, S\u00e2n, Si c\u00f2n c\u00f3 Ni\u1ec7m, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb kh\u1eed<\/span> ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> l\u1ea1i V\u00f4 T\u00e0m<\/span>, V\u00f4 Qu\u00ed ta c\u00f2n c\u00f3 T\u00e0m, Qu\u00ed n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 chi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> v\u1eeba n\u00eau h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> lo g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eeb kh\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u \u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn tu<\/span> th\u00e0nh B\u1eadc Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c<\/span> sau n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta<\/span> tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Ch\u00e1nh Ni\u1ec7m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111i xa ngo\u00e0i Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng? Xin th\u01b0a l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u1eeb Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 ra. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> (v\u00ec l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ee7 so\u00e1i trong nh\u00e0 c\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111ang<\/span>…”. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p, t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1eabn Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m…<\/span><\/p>\n

F- Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p theo lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span>, Do Ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> vi\u1ebft, quy\u1ec3n 7, c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00e0nh 90 lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- T\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p, t\u01b0 d\u0129 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- C\u1ed1 t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi c\u1ed1 t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (nh\u1eadn ch\u1ecbu hay kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Thi\u1ec3u th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u0111a th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt).<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Th\u1ee5c nghi\u1ec7p, phi th\u1ee5c nghi\u1ec7p (b\u00e1o g\u1ea7n hay xa).<\/span><\/p>\n

6- S\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p, phi s\u1eafc<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (s\u1eafc l\u00e0 th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, phi s\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0 \u00fd).<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Kh\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p (s\u1eafc nh\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadp<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y).<\/span><\/p>\n

8- H\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (thanh s\u1eafc nh\u1eadp<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i, ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadp<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i).<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Th\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p, phi th\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p (v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

10- H\u1eefu l\u1eadu nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u1eadu nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

11- H\u1eefu \u00e1i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00f4 \u00e1i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (h\u1eefu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u1ea7u).<\/span><\/p>\n

12- H\u1eefu c\u1ea7u nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00f4 c\u1ea7u nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

13- \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee7 nghi\u1ec7p, phi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee7 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

14- H\u1eefu th\u1ee7<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (h\u1eefu th\u1eafng), v\u00f4 th\u1ee7 nghi\u1ec7p (v\u00f4 th\u1eafng<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

15- H\u1eefu th\u1eafng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, v\u00f4 th\u1eafng<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (h\u1eefu th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

16- Th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (n\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p, ngo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p).<\/span><\/p>\n

17- N\u1ed9i nghi\u1ec7p, ngo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p (th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 phi th\u1ee5).<\/span><\/p>\n

18- H\u1eefu b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00f4 b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

19- T\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, phi t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

20- T\u00e2m s\u1ed1<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, phi t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1ed1 nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o duy\u00ean v\u00e0 phi duy\u00ean).<\/span><\/p>\n

21- Duy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi duy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (y v\u00e0o t\u00e2m s\u1ed1<\/span> v\u00e0 phi t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1ed1).<\/span><\/p>\n

22- C\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p, phi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o t\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n).<\/span><\/p>\n

23- T\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t t\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m).<\/span><\/p>\n

24- Phi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, phi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, phi phi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u01b0 hay kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

25- C\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (y v\u00e0o t\u00f9y chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u00f9y chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p).<\/span><\/p>\n

26- T\u00f9y nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t t\u00f9y nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

27- Nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi nh\u00e2n<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o duy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t duy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

28- H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, h\u1eefu duy\u00ean<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p ( h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n=h\u1eefu duy\u00ean=h\u1eefu duy\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ed9ng nghi\u1ec7p).<\/span><\/p>\n

29- H\u1eefu duy\u00ean<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1eefu vi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p (h\u1eefu duy\u00ean=h\u1eefu vi) .<\/span><\/p>\n

30- Tri nghi\u1ec7p, phi tri nghi\u1ec7p (tri nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t tri nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

31- Th\u1ee9c nghi\u1ec7p, phi th\u1ee9c nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng).<\/span><\/p>\n

32- Gi\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7p, phi gi\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o tri nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t tri nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

33- Li\u1ec5u nghi\u1ec7p, phi li\u1ec5u nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

34- \u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00ed<\/span> tri nghi\u1ec7p, phi \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ed<\/span> tri nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

35- \u0110o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (y v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n).<\/span><\/p>\n

36- Tu nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t tu nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

37- Ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7p, phi ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7p (y v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0<\/span> s\u1ef1 tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0<\/span> s\u1ef1 tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

38- Gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p (th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p; hay, s\u1eafc nh\u1eadp<\/span> gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p).<\/span><\/p>\n

39- Th\u00e2n h\u1eefu<\/span> gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00e2n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

40- Kh\u1ea9u h\u1eefu gi\u00e1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u v\u00f4 gi\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

41- Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

42- Gi\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p (thi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

43- Th\u00e2n gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00e2n v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00e2n phi gi\u1edbi phi v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

44- Kh\u1ea9u gi\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u phi v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

45- \u00dd gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd phi gi\u1edbi phi v\u00f4 gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

46- Thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, v\u00f4 k\u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

47- H\u1ecdc nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, phi h\u1ecdc phi v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

48- B\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, b\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nghi\u1ec7p, phi b\u00e1o, phi b\u00e1o ph\u00e1p nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

49- Ki\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi ki\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n, phi t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

50- Ki\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi ki\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

51- T\u1ef3 nghi\u1ec7p, trung nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1eafng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

52- Th\u00f4 nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1ebf nghi\u1ec7p, vi nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

53- Th\u1ee5 l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, th\u1ee5 kh\u1ed5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, th\u1ee5 x\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p (tam th\u1ee5<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p).<\/span><\/p>\n

54- L\u1ea1c th\u1ee5<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ed5 th\u1ee5<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, x\u1ea3 th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

55- L\u1ea1c th\u1ee5<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ed5 th\u1ee5<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, phi l\u1ea1c phi kh\u1ed5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (y v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> thi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>) .<\/span><\/p>\n

56- H\u1ef7 x\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p, \u01b0u x\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p, x\u1ea3 x\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

57- H\u1ef7 x\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p, \u01b0u x\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p, phi h\u1ef7 x\u1ee9, phi \u01b0u x\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

58- Hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ee5<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, sinh th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, h\u1eadu th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (tam th\u1eddi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p).<\/span><\/p>\n

59- D\u1eef l\u1ea1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, d\u1eef kh\u1ed5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, b\u1ea5t d\u1eef l\u1ea1c b\u1ea5t d\u1eef kh\u1ed5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

60- L\u1ea1c qu\u1ea3<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c<\/span> qu\u1ea3, b\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

61- L\u1ea1c b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ed5 b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, b\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c<\/span> b\u1ea5t kh\u1ed5 b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

62- Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1ecb lai<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

63- Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1ecb lai<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, phi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, phi v\u1ecb lai<\/span>, phi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

64- D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi h\u1ec7<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> h\u1ec7 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, b\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

65- T\u1ee9 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (1\/ H\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, h\u1eafc b\u00e1o . 2\/ B\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, b\u1ea1ch b\u00e1o<\/span> . 3\/ H\u1eafc b\u1ea1ch<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1eafc b\u1ea1ch<\/span> b\u00e1o . 4\/ Phi h\u1eafc phi b\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, phi h\u1eafc phi b\u1ea1ch b\u00e1o<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

66- T\u1ee9 th\u1ee5 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (1\/ Hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ed5 h\u1eadu h\u1eefu<\/span> kh\u1ed5 b\u00e1o. 2\/ Hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu<\/span> h\u1eefu kh\u1ed5 b\u00e1o. 3\/ Hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ed5 h\u1eadu h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1ea1c b\u00e1o. 4\/ Hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1ea1c b\u00e1o).<\/span><\/p>\n

67- Ng\u0169 b\u1ed1 (ph\u1ea1m ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1ed1, h\u1eadu b\u1ed1).<\/span><\/p>\n

68- Ng\u0169 kh\u1ee7ng (nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean).<\/span><\/p>\n

69- Ng\u0169 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

70- Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span> vi\u1ec7t (ph\u00e1 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi<\/span>) .<\/span><\/p>\n

71- Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

72- Nh\u00e2n tham nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e2n hu\u1ec7 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, nh\u00e2n si nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

73- Nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t tham nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t hu\u1ec7<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t si nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

74- Th\u00fa \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00fa s\u00fac sinh<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00fa ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ec9<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00fa nh\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, th\u00fa thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, th\u00fa Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

75- Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

76- Th\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

77- B\u00e1t th\u00e1nh<\/span> ng\u1eef.<\/span><\/p>\n

78- B\u00e1t phi th\u00e1nh ng\u1eef<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

79- Nh\u00e2n tham th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>; nh\u00e2n hu\u1ec7 th\u00e2n<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>; nh\u00e2n si th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

80- Nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t tham th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>; nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t hu\u1ec7<\/span> th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>; nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t si th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

81- Th\u1eadp b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

82- Th\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

83- Th\u1eadp ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span> nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

84- Th\u1eadp ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span>, sinh thi\u1ec7n x\u1ee9<\/span> (c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span>), nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

85- Nh\u1ecb th\u1eadp ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span> nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

86- Nh\u1ecb th\u1eadp ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> , sinh thi\u1ec7n x\u1ee9<\/span>, nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

87- Tam th\u1eadp ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span>, nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

88- Tam th\u1eadp ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span>, sinh thi\u1ec7n x\u1ee9<\/span>, nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

89- T\u1ee9 Th\u1eadp<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span>, nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

90- T\u1ee9 Th\u1eadp<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u<\/span>, sinh thi\u1ec7n x\u1ee9<\/span>, nhanh nh\u01b0 t\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

G- Nghi\u1ec7p theo M\u00c3DHYAMAKA S\u00c3STRA (Trung Qu\u00e1n Lu\u1eadn<\/span>) c\u1ee7a N\u00c3GARJUNA (Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> vi\u1ebft 33 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng (Ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u Ma La Th\u1eadp<\/span> d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n ra H\u00e1n V\u0103n, Nh\u01b0-T\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb H\u00e1n V\u0103n ra Vi\u1ec7t V\u0103n) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 Nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> theo Nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 th\u1ecd sinh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1c th\u00ec v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> th\u00ec sinh c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u00e2m<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> cho ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> hai \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01a1n n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u00e2m, l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> \u01b0 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb danh vi<\/span> t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, nh\u1ecb th\u1ebf<\/span> gi\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u1ee7ng)<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1c, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span>, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span>, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span> v.v\u2026 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c<\/span> cho nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ee9c h\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, gieo nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> t\u1ed1t cho \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00f3i hai nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb T\u01b0 sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong t\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ec7t nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u<\/span> lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

(\u0110\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh<\/span> thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, t\u01b0 d\u1eef t\u00f9ng t\u01b0 sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> trung, ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t thuy\u1ebft<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> g\u1ecdi hai Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0 Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 T\u01b0 D\u0129 Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 T\u01b0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u01a1i T\u01b0 m\u00e0 sinh<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n, Kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Ph\u1eadt s\u1edf thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0 gi\u1ea3<\/span>, s\u1edf v\u1ecb \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> th\u1ecb<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf t\u00f9ng t\u01b0 sanh gi\u1ea3, t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb th\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 Kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c v\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u00e1c<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 \u1ea5y<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, t\u00e1c d\u1eef v\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> t\u1ee9 s\u1ef1<\/span> trung, di\u1ec7t thi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

5- T\u1eeb d\u1ee5ng sinh ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sinh t\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f9ng T\u01b0 th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> c\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u00f9ng d\u1ee5ng sanh ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1ed9i sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1eadp T\u01b0 vi th\u1ea5t<\/span> ph\u00e1p, n\u0103ng li\u1ec5u ch\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea9u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u00f3 4 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: V\u1ecdng ng\u00f4n<\/span>, \u1ef7 ng\u1eef<\/span>, l\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ec7t<\/span>, \u00e1c kh\u1ea9u<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u00f3 3: S\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u00e2m. Trong b\u1ea3y Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 T\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u00e1c<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p. Khi \u0111ang h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 qua r\u1ed3i nh\u01b0ng trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u00e1c<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p. Hai Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh Thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1ea5t Thi\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecd b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu di\u1ec7t t\u1ee9c v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m sao sinh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ee5 ch\u00ed th\u1ecd b\u00e1o<\/span>, th\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c vi th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t t\u1ee9c v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, v\u00e2n h\u00e0<\/span> sanh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> d\u1ec5 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> lu\u1eadt v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 Nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u00e1t t\u00e1c th\u00e0nh<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1u t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> sinh<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 sinh qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00eca h\u1ea1t kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 nha \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>, giai t\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9ng th\u1ecb nhi sanh qu\u1ea3, ly ch\u1ee7ng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

8- T\u1eeb h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t sau c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7ng h\u1eefu t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>, t\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> h\u1eefu qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u00ean ch\u1ee7ng h\u1eadu h\u1eefu<\/span> qu\u1ea3, b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/span><\/p>\n

9- T\u1eeb s\u01a1 t\u00e2m<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00eca t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> t\u00f9ng s\u01a1 t\u00e2m<\/span>, t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9ng th\u1ecb nhi h\u1eefu qu\u1ea3<\/span>, ly t\u00e2m v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

10- T\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Nghi\u1ec7p, sau c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u00f9ng t\u00e2m h\u1eefu t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>, t\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> h\u1eefu qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> h\u1eadu h\u1eefu<\/span> qu\u1ea3, b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng)<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

11- T\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1ea5y<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o (thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Vui ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c<\/span> hai \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> b\u00e1o<\/span><\/p>\n

(N\u0103ng th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> gi\u1ea3, th\u1ecb th\u1eadp b\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1ecb th\u1ebf<\/span> ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u1ea1c, t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb b\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> b\u00e1o)<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi Nghi\u1ec7p Thi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>: Kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0 d\u00e2m<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u01b0\u1ee1i hai chi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u1eddi hung \u00e1c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u1eddi v\u00f4 \u00edch<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ghen gh\u00e9t<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n gi\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u0103m c\u1ea3nh: S\u1eafc, Thinh, H\u01b0\u01a1ng, V\u1ecb, X\u00fac. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean d\u1ee5c t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ee5c, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n (b\u1ee5i, l\u00e0m m\u1edd \u0111i ch\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span>, b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> thi\u1ec7n). N\u0103m d\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 cho n\u0103m m\u00f3n: T\u00e0i d\u1ee5c<\/span>, S\u1eafc d\u1ee5c<\/span>, \u1ea8m th\u1ef1c<\/span> d\u1ee5c, Danh d\u1ee5c<\/span>, Th\u00f9y mi\u00ean d\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n

12- Theo nh\u01b0<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ed7i \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00ean theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u00fang<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 nh\u1eef ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, k\u1ef3 qu\u00e1 t\u1eafc th\u1eadm \u0111a<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb c\u1ed1<\/span> nh\u1eef s\u1edf thuy\u1ebft, \u01b0 ngh\u0129a t\u1eafc b\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean)<\/span><\/p>\n

13- Nay l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a thu\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> b\u00e1o<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u00edch Chi Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec1n Th\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00e1n th\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Ki\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1nh thuy\u1ebft, thu\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> b\u00e1o ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u00edch Chi Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, hi\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh<\/span> s\u1edf x\u01b0ng th\u00e1n)<\/span><\/p>\n

14- Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 kho\u00e1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 n\u1ee3 t\u00e0i v\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

(B\u1ea5t th\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> kho\u00e1n, Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 t\u00e0i v\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eed t\u00e1nh t\u1eafc v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> h\u1eefu t\u1ee9 ch\u1ee7ng<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

15- Th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> m\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Do ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> m\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> s\u1edf b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea3n t\u01b0 duy<\/span> s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0129 th\u1ecb b\u1ea5t th\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p, Ch\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

16- N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ebf b\u1ecb d\u1ee9t<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn Nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1eaet \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf qu\u00e1 sai l\u1ea7m<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, Nhi nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eafc \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb3ng, Nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> chi qu\u00e1<\/span> c\u1eedu)<\/span><\/p>\n

17- T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nhau, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 th\u1ecd th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1o sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ebft ch\u01b0 h\u00e0nh<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1ea5t gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u01a1 th\u1ecd th\u00e2n, Nh\u0129 th\u1eddi b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9c sanh)<\/span><\/p>\n

18- Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf hai lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span> th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i th\u1ecd b\u00e1o<\/span> r\u1ed3i<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, Hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span> th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c ng\u00f4n th\u1ecd b\u00e1o<\/span> d\u0129, Nhi nghi\u1ec7p do c\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i)<\/span><\/p>\n

19- N\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> th\u00ec di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea3 d\u0129 di\u1ec7t, Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eed d\u0129 nhi di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

\u01af th\u1ecb trung ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, H\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1eadp v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

20- Tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy c\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Tuy kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, Tuy h\u1eefu nhi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> b\u00e1o b\u1ea5t th\u1ea5t, Th\u1ecb danh Ph\u1eadt s\u1edf thuy\u1ebft)<\/span><\/p>\n

21- C\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec t\u00ednh n\u00f3 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng sanh<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ed5n b\u1ea5t sanh<\/span>, D\u0129 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u1ed1<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec7t b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t<\/span>, D\u0129 k\u1ef3 b\u1ea5t sanh<\/span> c\u1ed1)<\/span><\/p>\n

22- N\u1ebfu nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1eaft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3, Th\u1ecb t\u1ee9c danh vi<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t t\u00e1c di\u1ec7c danh nghi\u1ec7p, Th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eafc b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u00e1c)<\/span><\/p>\n

23- N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> t\u1ed9i<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1eefu b\u1ea5t t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, B\u1ea5t t\u00e1c nhi h\u1eefu t\u1ed9i<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> \u01b0 ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, Nhi h\u1eefu b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/span> qu\u00e1)<\/span><\/p>\n

24- Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Th\u1ecb t\u1eafc ph\u00e1 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ebft, Th\u1ebf gian<\/span> ng\u1eef ng\u00f4n<\/span> ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c t\u1ed9i c\u1eadp t\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u1edbc, Di\u1ec7c v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

25- N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0 t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> r\u1ed3i<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> th\u1ec3 th\u1ecd l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00f4n nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Nhi t\u1ef1 h\u1eefu t\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecd \u01b0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> d\u0129, Nhi \u1ee9ng c\u00e1nh ph\u1ee5c th\u1ecd)<\/span><\/p>\n

26- N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> m\u00e0 ra<\/span><\/p>\n

Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m sao nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0 th\u1ebf gian<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p, T\u00f9ng \u01b0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> phi th\u1eadt, Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0 h\u1eefu th\u1eadt)<\/span><\/p>\n

27- C\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i l\u00e0 th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0 hu\u1ed1ng<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00e2n<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u01b0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u1eadp nghi\u1ec7p, Th\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft th\u00e2n nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ch\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng, H\u00e0 hu\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u01b0 ch\u01b0 th\u00e2n)<\/span><\/p>\n

28- V\u00ec V\u00f4 minh<\/span> che l\u1ea5p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec \u00e1i k\u1ebft<\/span> tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t<\/span><\/p>\n

(V\u00f4 minh<\/span> chi s\u1edf t\u1ebf, \u00c1i k\u1ebft<\/span> chi s\u1edf ph\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi \u01b0 b\u1ed5n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span>, B\u1ea5t d\u1ecb di\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t nh\u1ee9t)<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh V\u00f4 Th\u1ec9 n\u00f3i: Ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> v\u00ec v\u00f4 minh<\/span> che l\u1ea5p<\/span>, \u00e1i ki\u1ebft bu\u1ed9c r\u00e0ng n\u00ean qua l\u1ea1i trong sinh t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u1ec9, ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5 vui. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd<\/span> h\u00f4m nay v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o t\u1ed9i, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m th\u00e2n tr\u00e2u, th\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u00e2u, tr\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi (v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i tr\u00e2u m\u1edbi sinh ra sau, tr\u00e2u ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi sinh ra sau, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m ra tr\u00e2u, ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ra tr\u00e2u, tr\u00e2u l\u00e0m ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t). N\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft Nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3<\/span> b\u00e1o, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

29- Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb phi duy\u00ean sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, B\u1ea5t t\u00f9ng phi duy\u00ean sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb c\u1ed1<\/span> t\u1eafc v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span>, N\u0103ng kh\u1edfi \u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3)<\/span><\/p>\n

30- Kh\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2u c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p sanh qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2u c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

(V\u00f4 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/span> gi\u1ea3, H\u00e0 h\u1eefu nghi\u1ec7p sanh qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span> qu\u1ea3, H\u00e0 h\u1eefu th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3 )<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nguy\u00ean v\u0103n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 t\u1eeb Nghi\u1ec7p sinh ra qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 3 th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n, \u00c1c v\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 T\u1ed9i, Ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>. N\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span> t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra Nghi\u1ec7p. Do Nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 sinh v\u00e0o n\u01a1i l\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, th\u00ec Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

31- Nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng<\/span> Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> ra h\u00f3a nh\u01a1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> \u0111\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn t\u00e1c h\u00f3a nh\u01a1n<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n<\/span> th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng<\/span>, S\u1edf h\u00f3a<\/span> bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> nh\u01a1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span> bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> nh\u01a1n, Ph\u1ee5c bi\u1ebfn t\u00e1c h\u00f3a nh\u01a1n)<\/span><\/p>\n

32- Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> l\u00e0m ra<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 s\u01a1 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> nh\u01a1n, Th\u1ecb danh vi<\/span> t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> nh\u01a1n s\u1edf t\u00e1c<\/span>, Th\u1ecb t\u1eafc danh vi<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p)<\/span><\/p>\n

33- C\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span>, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng n\u1eafng, ti\u1ebfng vang<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u01b0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u1eadp nghi\u1ec7p, T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1eadp qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Giai nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span> d\u1eef m\u1ed9ng, Nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edfng)<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y Ng\u00e0i Long Th\u1ecd<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) Ph\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> (t\u1eeb b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 1 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 5).<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) Ph\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span> (t\u1ee5ng 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 9).<\/span><\/p>\n

(3) Gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> ri\u00eang thi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf \u0111i (t\u1ee5ng 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 ).<\/span><\/p>\n

(4) Ph\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng kho\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e1nh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed9<\/span> (t\u1ee5ng 13 \u0111\u1ebfn 16).<\/span><\/p>\n

(5) C\u00e1c H\u00e0nh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (t\u1ee5ng 17 \u0111\u1ebfn 20).<\/span><\/p>\n

(6) Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00f4 t\u00ednh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd<\/span> (t\u1ee5ng 21 \u0111\u1ebfn 25).<\/span><\/p>\n

(7) Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> (t\u1ee5ng 26 \u0111\u1ebfn 27).<\/span><\/p>\n

(8) Ph\u00e1 ng\u00e3 (t\u1ee5ng 28 \u0111\u1ebfn 30).<\/span><\/p>\n

(9) \u0110\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> (t\u1ee5ng 31 \u0111\u1ebfn 33).<\/span><\/p>\n

H- Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p theo lu\u1eadn AHIDHARMA KOSA (A T\u1ef3<\/span> D\u1ea1t Ma C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span>) c\u1ee7a Vasubandhu (Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea9m Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n: Th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i trong c\u00e1c kinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn hai Nghi\u1ec7p: T\u01af NGHI\u1ec6P v\u00e0 T\u01af D\u0128 NGHI\u1ec6P.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 Nghi\u1ec7p: S\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 D\u0129 Nghi\u1ec7p: T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u01a1i th\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0 D\u0129 Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb hai Nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 T\u01b0 Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 T\u01b0 D\u0129 Nghi\u1ec7p chia ra l\u00e0m 3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, Ng\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u01b0 D\u0129 Nghi\u1ec7p), \u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u01b0 Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/span> t\u00ednh k\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u00e2n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0: V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb \u00dd<\/span> Th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> th\u00e2n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec7ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb<\/span> v\u1eabn t\u1ea1o ra Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec ch\u01b0a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t ra ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00d4 BI\u1ec2U NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>. Trong l\u00fac th\u00e2n H\u00e0nh<\/span> \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 mi\u1ec7ng n\u00f3i ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

NGHI\u1ec6P: (a) Hai Nghi\u1ec7p: T\u01b0 Nghi\u1ec7p, T\u01b0 D\u0129 Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) Ba Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: \u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, Th\u00e2n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, Ng\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(c) N\u0103m Nghi\u1ec7p: * \u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> ,<\/span><\/p>\n

*Th\u00e2n Nghi\u1ec7p: Th\u00e2n Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p. Th\u00e2n V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

*Ng\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p: Ng\u1eef Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1eef V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a- Truy nguy\u00ean<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p qua s\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u1ec3?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u01b0 duy<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span> n\u00ean l\u1ea5y T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf l\u00e0m th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 tranh lu\u1eadn<\/span> d\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1t B\u00e0 \u0110a b\u1ed9<\/span> Sarvastiv\u00e2da, Sarvastiv\u00e2din (sanscrit) (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>, gi\u00e1o t\u1ed5<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i La H\u1ea7u La<\/span> (R\u00e2hula) lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> r\u1eb1ng H\u00ecnh S\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e2n Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p, \u00c2m Thanh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u1eef Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. B\u1edfi v\u00ec Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c n\u01a1i th\u00e2n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u1eaft ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc<\/span> d\u00e0i, ng\u1eafn\u2026 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu l\u00eca S\u1eafc th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1eef Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>, n\u1ebfu l\u00eca \u00c2m Thanh<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9<\/span> Suatrantika, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ed9<\/span>, Thuy\u1ebft Chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ed9<\/span>, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 18 b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba<\/span>, sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span> d\u1ed9 400 n\u0103m n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra t\u1eeb Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>, trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span>, b\u1ed9 n\u1ea7y d\u00f9ng Kinh l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9<\/span>, g\u1ecdi t\u1eafc l\u00e0 Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 C\u01b0u Ma La<\/span> \u0110\u00e0 (Kum\u00e0ra \u2013 labdha). B\u1ed9 n\u1ea7y l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9ng Th\u00e2n T\u01b0, ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Th\u00e2n Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t Ng\u1eef T\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Ng\u1eef Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y cho r\u1eb1ng Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf. T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u1eef Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Ba nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00ec ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb Th\u00e2n, Ng\u1eef, \u00dd kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span> l\u00e0 T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u00e2n v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, T\u00e1t B\u00e0 \u0110a B\u1ed9<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. S\u1eafc th\u00e2n<\/span> do \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3. C\u1ea3 Th\u00e2n v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef c\u0169ng t\u1eeb Th\u00e2n m\u00e0 ra do \u0111\u00f3 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u00e2n V\u00e0 Ng\u1eef c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh b\u1ed9<\/span> l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p<\/span>, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a theo ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 di\u1ec3m tranh lu\u1eadn<\/span> t\u1ed1i y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a hai b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1t B\u00e0 \u0110a b\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a ra 8 lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> cho l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb Kinh b\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)- Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 3 lo\u1ea1i S\u1eafc:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m<\/span>, cu\u1ed1n 13, vi\u1ebft S\u1eafc chia l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0: Xanh, v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1eafng v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0: Thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ng\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa n\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p<\/span>, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c S\u1eafc V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 S\u1eafc V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u1eadt th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i S\u1eafc v\u1eeba n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng S\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 S\u1eafc c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> trong \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)- S\u1eafc V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1t B\u00e0 \u0110a b\u1ed9<\/span> l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3nh th\u1ea5y nghe hay bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> nh\u01b0 n\u0103m c\u0103n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi 5 c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng trong kinh T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t A H\u00e0m<\/span>: \u201cPh\u00e1p v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1eafc \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, v\u1ecb lai<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00e2m \u00e1i nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, s\u00e2n nhu\u1ebf<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng v\u1eady. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 l\u1eadu\u201d. B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng ngo\u00e0i s\u1eafc h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu Kinh c\u00f2n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eafc v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1eafc v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>, th\u00ec l\u1ea5y g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1eafc v\u00f4 l\u1eadu?<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u1ea3n lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng S\u1eafc n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh, do \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>, th\u1ebf n\u00ean m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1eafc V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)- T\u00e1t B\u00e0 \u0110a b\u1ed9<\/span> d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 7 lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thuy\u1ec1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i b\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u0103n s\u00f3c<\/span> b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> v\u01b0\u1eddn r\u1eebng.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y th\u1eddi<\/span> b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Trung A H\u00e0m<\/span>, ph\u1ea9m Th\u1ebf Gian<\/span> Ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i: \u201cThi\u1ec7n nam, t\u00edn n\u1eef<\/span> n\u00e0o khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 ph\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ebf gian<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ed3i, ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ee7, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9c, ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00eam, ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng sinh c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u, c\u00e0ng l\u00fac c\u00e0ng r\u1ed9ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf kh\u1edfi ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span>. Khi suy ngh\u0129<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ec1 sau c\u00f3 khi h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span> \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, c\u00f3 khi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> v\u1eabn ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> th\u1ebf th\u00f4i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1eafc v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)- Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c v\u1eabn th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 m\u01b0u gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 tay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 thu\u00ea m\u01b0\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u1ebft, sau c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 m\u01b0u \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea5y \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> kh\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m m\u00e0 v\u1eabn th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf, l\u1ea5y T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf l\u00e0m th\u1ec3. V\u00ec trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> thu\u00ea m\u01b0\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n d\u1ea5y l\u00ean trong t\u00e2m, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span>, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch<\/span> m\u01b0u s\u00e1t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span>, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebb ch\u1ee7 m\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p s\u00e1t sanh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

(5)- S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> X\u1ee9:<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 13 vi\u1ebft: \u201cPh\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i x\u1ee9 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o 11 x\u1ee9, Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i\u201d. H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Kinh n\u00f3i Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao Kinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ngay l\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1eabn cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(6)- Ba chi S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> trong T\u00e1m chi Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh Ng\u1eef<\/span>, Ch\u00ednh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, Ch\u00ednh M\u1ea1ng<\/span> l\u00e0 ba chi thu\u1ed9c S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span>. H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> r\u1eb1ng khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ch\u00ednh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, mi\u1ec7ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i n\u0103ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ch\u00ednh Ng\u1eef<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ch\u00ednh M\u1ea1ng<\/span>. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 ba chi \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> \u0111\u1ee7 T\u00e1m Chi Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 trong l\u00fac nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> ba chi Ch\u00ednh Ng\u1eef<\/span>, Ch\u00ednh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh M\u1ea1ng<\/span> v\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1eafc v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u<\/span> c\u1ee7a ba chi \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> ba chi \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span>. Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 8 chi Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> hay sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1eabn l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng trong khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> Ch\u00ednh Ng\u1eef<\/span>, Ch\u00ednh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh M\u1ea1ng<\/span> l\u00e0 do n\u01a1i<\/span> T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Trong \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 ba m\u00f3n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd c\u00f3 T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf suy t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ba chi \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean khi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00f3 ba chi \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u S\u1eafc<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

(7)- Gi\u1edbi Bi\u1ec7t Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi t\u1eed<\/span> th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Bi\u1ec7t Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span> sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac kh\u1edfi \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span>, v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span> nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t. H\u1eefu b\u1ed9<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh b\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1eabn cho r\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea5y t\u01b0 t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf l\u00e0m th\u1ec3. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i T\u01b0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng phi ch\u1ec9 \u00e1c, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3<\/span>, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

(8)- Gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kinh Lu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eady. \u0110\u00e3 l\u00e0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea th\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> m\u1edbi ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea. H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eafc v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span> v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u1eefng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> r\u1eb1ng T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span>. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi<\/span> khi ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1eeb nay v\u1ec1 sau kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span>, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u00e1c b\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau<\/span> d\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i<\/span> \u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 d\u1ee5<\/span> gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 b\u1edd \u0111\u00ea ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span> th\u1ebf th\u00f4i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span> g\u00ec c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> thuy\u1ebft \u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> l\u1ea5y T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf l\u00e0m th\u1ec3, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> do T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span>. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng Th\u00e2n Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span>. Th\u00e2n Bi\u1ec3u l\u1ea5y S\u1eafc l\u00e0m th\u1ec3, Ng\u1eef Bi\u1ec3u l\u1ea5y \u00e2m thanh<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn kh\u1edfi ra S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1ea1i<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u S\u1eafc<\/span> c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. S\u1eafc do \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> theo H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>, Bi\u1ec3u S\u1eafc<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u S\u1eafc<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng theo Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Lu\u1eadn T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> 122, 123 n\u00f3i: \u201cBi\u1ec3u, V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> th\u1ec3\u201d. \u201cNghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u201d (Bi\u1ec3u, v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, v\u00f4 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span>, th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> giai th\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t T\u01b0).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng theo Kinh b\u1ed9<\/span>, T\u01b0 chia l\u00e0m 4 lo\u1ea1i: (a) Th\u1ea9m l\u1ef1, (b) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, (c) \u0110\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n, (d) ph\u00e1t ng\u1eef. (a) v\u00e0 (b) thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00dd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1u do \u00dd m\u00e0 ra do \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u01b0 t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u01b0 t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 hu\u00e2n v\u00e0o T\u1ea1ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: Theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed9<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

TH\u1ec2 C\u1ee6A C\u00c1C NGHI\u1ec6P:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a)- \u00dd NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf l\u00e0m th\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

(H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ea9m L\u1ef1 T\u01b0<\/span><\/p>\n

( Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> T\u01b0<\/span><\/p>\n

( Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

(b)- BI\u1ec2U:<\/span><\/p>\n

(b1) Th\u00e2n: H\u00ecnh S\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

(H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t \u0110\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u00ednh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng Th\u00e2n T\u01b0<\/span><\/p>\n

(Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

(b2) Ng\u1eef: \u00c2m Thanh<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

(H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ec3<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ch\u00ednh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1t Ng\u1eef T\u01b0<\/span><\/p>\n

(Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

(c)- V\u00d4 BI\u1ec2U<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(c1) Th\u00e2n: S\u1eafc do \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/p>\n

(H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf<\/span><\/p>\n

(Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

(c2) Ng\u1eef: S\u1eafc do \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/p>\n

(H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf<\/span><\/p>\n

(Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Ba t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 3 T\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n, \u00c1c v\u00e0 V\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> . Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00c1c m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n t\u00ednh V\u00f4 K\u00fd kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p. Do \u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> Thi\u1ec7n hay \u00c1c m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ra th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t sinh ra ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u1eef v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t sinh ra th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. V\u00ec t\u00ednh v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c th\u1ebf<\/span> l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh Thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, \u00c1c v\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> 51 vi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00e1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 hai vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> 15 vi\u1ebft: \u201cNghi\u1ec7p an \u1ed5n<\/span> hay chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi hay v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> xa l\u00eca<\/span> th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng an \u1ed5n<\/span> hay chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00e1c. Nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> hai t\u00ednh tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> s\u1ef1 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> 13: \u201cC\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean do<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 chia ba t\u00ednh<\/span> Thi\u1ec7n, \u00c1c v\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span>. M\u1ed7i t\u00ednh k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i: Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>, t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)- B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i T\u00ednh Thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(1).1- Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a Thi\u1ec7n<\/span>: Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span>, tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi<\/span>, h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n, di\u1ec7u l\u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> r\u1ea5t an \u1ed5n<\/span>, v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> b\u1eb7t d\u1ee9t d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1).2- T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span>: Ch\u1ec9 5 t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>: T\u00e0m, qu\u00fd, v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00f4 si<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c m\u00f3n kh\u00e1c chung kh\u1edfi nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n<\/span> …<\/span><\/p>\n

(1).3- T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> nh\u1edd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi 5 m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh, v\u00ec t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1).4- \u0110\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n<\/span>: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> do c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)- B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i t\u00ednh \u00e1c:<\/span><\/p>\n

(2).1- Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u00e1c: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Sinh v\u00e0 T\u1eed. T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a sinh t\u1eed<\/span> h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> x\u1ea5u \u00e1c, kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2).2- T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> \u00e1c: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 5 m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>: v\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd<\/span>, tham, s\u00e2n, si, t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> hay \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2).3- T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> \u00e1c: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e1c nh\u01b0ng khi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi 5 m\u00f3n \u00e1c k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean n\u00ean n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> \u00e1c. Do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> \u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2).4- \u0110\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u00e1c: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> do c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)- V\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> t\u00ednh<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 t\u00ednh v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi<\/span> v\u00e0 phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>. Trong 46 m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>, m\u00f3n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 2 ho\u1eb7c 3 t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f3n n\u00e0o thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u00ednh v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>. V\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> 5 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n<\/span> \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f5i, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

NGHI\u1ec6P:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) NGHI\u1ec6P: Thi\u1ec7n & v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> (Hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> \u1edf 3 c\u00f5i, ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ecba)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1c (Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c)<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) BI\u1ec2U: Thi\u1ec7n (Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 S\u01a1 Thi\u1ec1n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu ph\u00fa<\/span> v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> (Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf S\u01a1 Thi\u1ec1n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1c (Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c)<\/span><\/p>\n

(c) V\u00d4 BI\u1ec2U<\/span>: Thi\u1ec7n (Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 S\u1eafc)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1c (Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c)<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Lu\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span> c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)- Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span> V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span>, s\u1ef1 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> qua c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 suy lu\u1eadn<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span>, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh 3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1).1- Bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u<\/span>: Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span> tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eebng t\u1ed9i n\u01a1i th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u1eef th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb n\u1ea7y, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1).2- T\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1<\/span> lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span>: C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed9ng gi\u1edbi\u201d h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span> trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span> n\u01a1i th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u1eef m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> d\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span> n\u1ea7y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh trong \u0111\u1ecbnh do \u0111\u00f3 khi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00ec V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1).3- V\u00f4 l\u1eadu lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span>: C\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ed9ng gi\u1edbi\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> khi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span> n\u01a1i th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef d\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb. N\u00f3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean khi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t khi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)- B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span>: Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u00e1c .<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)- Phi lu\u1eadt nghi phi b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> t\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1ea5t Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span> V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> do bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p sinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng do bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p sinh c\u0169ng c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xem bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00d4 BI\u1ec2U<\/span>: (a) Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span> (t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> (t\u00ednh \u00e1c)<\/span><\/p>\n

(c) Phi lu\u1eadt nghi phi b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> (v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span>: T\u1ef3 kheo<\/span>, T\u1ef3 kheo ni<\/span>, Sa di<\/span>, Sa di ni<\/span>, c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam<\/span>, c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 n\u1eef<\/span>, t\u1ea1i gia<\/span> 8 gi\u1edbi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1<\/span> lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 l\u1eadu lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span>: C\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 V\u00d4 BI\u1ec2U<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) v\u00e0 (c): C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 BI\u1ec2U v\u00e0 V\u00d4 BI\u1ec2U NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf Bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>. Trong ba lo\u1ea1i lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u00f3 Bi\u1ec7t Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span>, T\u1ecbnh L\u1ef1<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Bi\u1ec7t Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> K\u00fd 14 n\u00f3i: \u201cLu\u1eadt nghi bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> do ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c d\u1ea1y m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u\u201d. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 do ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>. C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1eeb c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/span> T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span>: Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> Quang K\u00fd<\/span> 14 n\u00f3i: \u201c Sa Di<\/span>, Sa Di Ni<\/span>, t\u1eeb n\u01a1i hai v\u1ecb T\u0103ng m\u00e0 th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>; \u01afu B\u00e0 T\u1eafc<\/span>, \u01afu B\u00e0 Di<\/span> v\u00e0 C\u1ea7n Tr\u00fa (t\u1ea1i gia<\/span> 8 gi\u1edbi) ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb T\u0103ng m\u00e0 th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1eeb T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> (5 v\u1ecb T\u0103ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean): \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> T\u1ef3 Kheo<\/span>, T\u1ef3 Kheo Ni<\/span> ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n<\/span> c\u00f3 5 v\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c 10 v\u1ecb T\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0n r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> C\u1ee5 T\u00fac<\/span>, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u0103m b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng, n\u00eau ra m\u01b0\u1eddi duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt T\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea7n<\/span>, n\u00eau 5 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt T\u0103ng K\u1ef3<\/span>, n\u00eau 4 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt Ng\u0169 Ph\u1ea7n<\/span>, n\u00eau 5 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng trong 5 b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn T\u1ef3 Ni M\u1eabu, n\u00eau ra n\u0103m duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Ma \u0110\u1eafc L\u1eb7c Gi\u00e0, n\u00eau 10 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Thi\u1ec7n Ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, n\u00eau 8 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn T\u00e1t B\u00e0 \u0110a<\/span>, n\u00eau 7 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Minh Li\u1ec5u<\/span>, n\u00eau ra 7 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ef1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> tranh d\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> gi\u1eefa 4 b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 5 b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn n\u00eau tr\u00ean C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> ch\u1ecdn Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng Lu\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00eau ra 10 duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).1 – \u0110\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c<\/span> do V\u00f4 S\u01b0 Tr\u00ed<\/span> tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).2- \u0110\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span> do ng\u1ed9 T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh t\u00ednh ly sinh<\/span>, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 5 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0<\/span> ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).3- C\u00f3 t\u00fac duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u0103n l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Da X\u00e1<\/span> (Yasas), n\u1eb1m trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 \u201cThi\u1ec7n Lai T\u1ef3 Kheo\u201d (ehi bikkhu). Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda<\/span> ch\u00f9a K\u00ea Vi\u00ean<\/span> th\u00e0nh Hoa Th\u1ecb<\/span> n\u01b0\u1edbc Ma Ki\u1ec7t \u0110\u00e0<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean vua A D\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u1eadp 84 ng\u00e0n th\u00e1p th\u1edd Ph\u1eadt<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> v\u1ecb A La H\u00e1n<\/span>, tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ean 700 v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n<\/span> ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span> Tam T\u1ea1ng gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh T\u1ef3 X\u00e1 Ly<\/span> n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1ea1t K\u1ef3<\/span>. Nh\u1edd t\u00fac duy\u00ean<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).4- Ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Ca Di\u1ebfp<\/span> do t\u00edn k\u1ec9nh Tam B\u1ea3o<\/span> ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1i nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: \u201cPh\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).5- V\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p<\/span> lu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ch\u00fa b\u00e9 T\u00f4 \u0110\u00e0 Di<\/span> nh\u00e2n khi Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecfi: \u201cNh\u00e0 con \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?\u201d. Ch\u00fa b\u00e9 \u0111\u00e1p: \u201cBa c\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0\u201d, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0m v\u1eeba \u00fd<\/span> Ph\u1eadt n\u00ean m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u00fa b\u00e9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 20 tu\u1ed5i, Ph\u1eadt v\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> cho ph\u00e9p<\/span> T\u0103ng ki\u1ebft ma<\/span> cho th\u1ecd c\u1ee5<\/span> t\u00fac gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).6- \u0110\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> th\u1ecd tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1p:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Sanh Ch\u1ee7<\/span> do th\u1ecd T\u00e1m K\u1ec9nh Ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).7- S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3<\/span> truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Th\u1ecd T\u1ef3 kheo ni<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1i T\u0103ng<\/span> tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o<\/span> qu\u00e1 \u0111oan nghi\u00eam<\/span> s\u1ee3 \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xa g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t tr\u1eafc n\u00ean Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00e1ch cho s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi<\/span> cho.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).8- \u0110\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1eeb n\u0103m v\u1ecb T\u0103ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0m T\u0103ng Ch\u00fang<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 n\u0103m l\u00e0 tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 Ki\u1ebft Ma<\/span> (tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt<\/span> vi \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n<\/span>), cho th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 10 v\u1ecb T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n<\/span> truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).9- Gi\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0n<\/span> Ki\u1ebft Ma<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ed1 10 v\u1ecb T\u0103ng, ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3n l\u1eadp gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n<\/span> Ki\u1ebft Ma<\/span> truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).10- Tam Ng\u1eef<\/span> \u0110\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng 60 vi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u1ebfu khi Ph\u1eadt ch\u01b0a ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p B\u1ea1ch T\u1ee9 Y\u1ebft Ma<\/span> (Jnapticaturtham) (1 l\u1ea7n b\u1ea1ch, 3 l\u1ea7n Y\u1ebft Ma<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t<\/span> r\u1ed3i h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i T\u0103ng<\/span> 3 l\u1ea7n xem vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y n\u00ean l\u00e0m ch\u0103ng sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> thi h\u00e0nh<\/span>), ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o qui m\u1ea1ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt, x\u01b0\u1edbng 3 l\u1ea7n: T\u00f4i theo Ph\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9o th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eafc C\u1ee5 T\u00fac Gi\u1edbi<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu sau khi Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf ph\u00e1p B\u1ea1ch T\u1ee9 Y\u1ebft Ma<\/span>, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u1edbng ba l\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc C\u1ee5 T\u00fac<\/span> Gi\u1edbi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cTam Ng\u1eef \u0110\u1eafc, Tam Quy<\/span> \u0110\u1eafc, ch\u1ec9 trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span> 8 n\u0103m sau Ph\u1eadt th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 8 n\u0103m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, (1) v\u00e0 (2) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. T\u00e1m c\u00e1ch c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 BI\u1ec2U v\u00e0 V\u00d4 BI\u1ec2U NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> T\u1ecbnh L\u1ef1<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 L\u1eadu lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ecd n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec7t Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span> l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n theo t\u00e2m (b\u1ea5t t\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n), c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> r\u1ed3i, sau \u0111\u00f3, d\u00f9 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00fac \u00e1c, l\u00fac v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>, l\u00fac v\u00f4 t\u00e2m<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi th\u00ec gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3<\/span> v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1mkh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ed9ng Gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o C\u1ed9ng Gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n theo t\u00e2m (t\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n) n\u00ean khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng khi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00ec m\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi<\/span>, gi\u1edbi t\u1eed<\/span> ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0o, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> th\u1ecd tr\u00ec<\/span> gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m<\/span>, quy\u1ebft d\u1ee9t b\u1ea3y chi t\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 DI\u1ec6U H\u1ea0NH<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 GI\u1edaI \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).11- H\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ec1 r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>: Th\u1ec1 r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sanh<\/span> ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp\u2026 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea3y chi c\u1ea5m gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).12- H\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u00e1t n\u01a1i n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).13- H\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u00e1t trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span> n\u1ea7y ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u00e1t \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi gian<\/span> kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).14- T\u00f9y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u00e1t trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> tr\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> phi lu\u1eadt nghi phi b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).15- T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ph\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ec7n<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span>, l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n\u2026 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u1ea1i v\u1eadt\u2026 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00eca b\u1ecf<\/span> nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eafc th\u00e0nh \u201cphi lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> phi b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).16- Th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh<\/span> sau khi ph\u00e1t th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: \u201cCh\u1ec9 \u0103n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt\u201d. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> khi v\u1eeba ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eafc th\u00e0nh \u201cphi lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> phi b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).17- Trong khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u0103ng h\u00e1i<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, ngay khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eafc th\u00e0nh phi lu\u1eadt nghi phi b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).18- Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i 8 lo\u1ea1i Bi\u1ec7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t gi\u1edbi<\/span> (T\u1ef3 Kheo<\/span>, T\u1ef3 kheo ni<\/span>, Ch\u00ednh h\u1ecdc, Sa di<\/span>, Sa di ni<\/span>, c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 nam<\/span>, c\u1eadn s\u1ef1 n\u1eef<\/span>, c\u1eadn tr\u1ee5<\/span>) tr\u1eeb C\u1eadn<\/span> tr\u1ee5 c\u00f2n b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 4 duy\u00ean x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) C\u1ed1 \u00fd<\/span> x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi; (b) M\u1ec7nh chung<\/span>; (c) Nam n\u1eef<\/span> c\u0103n c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span>; (d) \u0110o\u1ea1n thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi C\u1eadn Tr\u1ee5<\/span> ngo\u00e0i 4 duy\u00ean tr\u00ean, gi\u1edbi n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam n\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi n\u00eau tr\u00ean Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span>: \u201cB\u1ed1n tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi s\u00e1t<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u00e2m, v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, h\u1ec5 ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t trong 4 gi\u1edbi \u1ea5y th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i<\/span> quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: \u201cGi\u1ea3 s\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t trong 4 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft gi\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span>, n\u1ebfu ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh<\/span> s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/span> th\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m<\/span> v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u00ec c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).19- Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> T\u1ecbnh L\u1ef1<\/span> Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span> c\u00f3 3 duy\u00ean x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span>: N\u1ebfu t\u1eeb h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> sinh l\u00ean th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> th\u00ec x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi t\u1ea1i h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> sinh xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> th\u00ec x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed9ng gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span> theo Gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecba.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi m\u1ea5t do th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>: L\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh, th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> m\u1ea5t do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t gi\u1edbi v\u00ec m\u1ea1ng chung<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> V\u00f4 L\u1eadu Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span> x\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi do 3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span> cao h\u01a1n: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span> cao h\u01a1n th\u00ec v\u00f4 l\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> th\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tu luy\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9n c\u0103n<\/span>, tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span> ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i c\u0103n<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9n c\u0103n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).20- Tru\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi m\u1ea5t khi qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> x\u1ea3 B\u1ea5t Lu\u1eadt Nghi<\/span> c\u00f3 3 duy\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) Ch\u1ebft; (b) Nam n\u1eef<\/span> c\u0103n c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span>; (c) Th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eafc thi\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> x\u1ea3 Phi lu\u1eadt nghi phi b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span> c\u00f3 6 duy\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).21- Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> th\u1ec1 nguy\u1ec7n gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u1eddi th\u1ec1<\/span> gi\u1eed gi\u1edbi n\u1eefa, ngay l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edbi li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).22- Gi\u1edbi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> do th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng tin thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> d\u1eabn sinh V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> Thi\u1ec7n, th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> d\u1eabn sinh V\u00f4 Bi\u1ec3u Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u00c1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u0169i t\u00ean b\u1eafn ra \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft l\u1ef1c \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady do \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).23- X\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi do ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v\u1ed1n do t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh do \u0111\u00f3 khi t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u1eddi th\u1ec1<\/span> c\u00f2n nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng theo t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> m\u00e0 b\u1ecb x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).24- S\u1ef1 v\u1eadt h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span> ph\u00f2ng x\u00e1 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n), ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1eaby (thu\u1ed9c \u00e1c) \u2026 Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u1ea7y h\u01b0 ho\u1ea1i th\u00ec gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng b\u1ecb x\u1ea3 lu\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).25- Khi th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3).26- Khi thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong c\u00e1c Kinh v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (Abhidharma Kosa c\u1ee7a Vasubandhu) c\u00f3 n\u00eau ra 11 lo\u1ea1i Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 3 t\u00ednh:<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

b- 3 lo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span>) \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, phi ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span>) \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u1edf c\u00f5i S\u1eafc v\u00e0 V\u00f4 S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 3 th\u1ecd:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y theo<\/span> L\u1ea1c Th\u1ecd<\/span> \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u1edf S\u01a1, Nh\u1ecb, Tam Thi\u1ec1n<\/span>. Nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y theo<\/span> Kh\u1ed5 Th\u1ecd<\/span> (nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>) \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c. Nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y theo<\/span> B\u1ea5t Kh\u1ed5 B\u1ea5t L\u1ea1c<\/span> Th\u1ecd \u1edf t\u1eeb Tam Thi\u1ec1n<\/span> l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1eddi H\u1eefu \u0110\u1ec9nh<\/span> (tr\u1eddi th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span>, t\u1ee9c S\u1eafc C\u1ee9u K\u00ednh Thi\u00ean v\u00ec l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu \u0110\u1ec9nh<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

d- Nghi\u1ec7p su\u1ed1t 3 th\u1eddi:<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai<\/span>. V\u00e0 theo thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9<\/span> th\u1ecd, thu\u1eadn h\u1eadu th\u1ecd. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)- 4 lo\u1ea1i Thu\u1eadn Nghi\u1ec7p:<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 . *Thu\u1eadn sinh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3. * Thu\u1eadn h\u1eadu nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 3 m\u1edbi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3. * Thu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>: Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0o<\/span> trong lai sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)- 5 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i 4 lo\u1ea1i Thu\u1eadn Nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean; ri\u00eang THU\u1eacN B\u1ea4T \u0110\u1ecaNH NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span> l\u1ea1i chia ra 3 lo\u1ea1i: *qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>; *th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>; *qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n<\/span> th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)- 8 lo\u1ea1i Thu\u1eadn Nghi\u1ec7p:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb 4 thu\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean chia m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m 2 th\u1ee9 do \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh 8 Nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00c1M NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadn Hi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) B\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh – th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

(b ) B\u00e1o b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> – th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadn Sinh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) B\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh – th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) B\u00e1o b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> – th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadn H\u1eadu Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) B\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh – th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

(b) B\u00e1o b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> – th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1eadn B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ecbnh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(a) B\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecbnh – th\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(b) B\u00e1o b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> – th\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean, lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> 15 vi\u1ebft: \u201cBa nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n, thuy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n\u201d. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee7<\/span> Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> thuy\u1ebft 4 Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1n nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng b\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1eaaN NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>. Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u00c3N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra 3 thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai Nghi\u1ec7p Thu\u1eadn Sinh Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn h\u1eadu th\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 D\u1eaaN NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u00c3N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>. Hai nghi\u1ec7p Thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n th\u1ecd v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u1ecd th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 M\u00c3N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> Thu\u1eadn Sinh Th\u1ecd, Thu\u1eadn H\u1eadu Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> Th\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 D\u1eaaN NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u00c3N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>. C\u00f2n nghi\u1ec7p Thu\u1eadn Hi\u1ec7n Th\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/span> c\u00f3 M\u00c3N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> 2: B\u1ed1n Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 D\u1eaaN NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u00c3N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

e- C\u1ea3 Th\u00e2n, T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ecd Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p do T\u00e2m th\u1ecd l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ecd<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> (d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span>), t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec7 l\u1ee5c \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u1edf t\u1eeb trung gian<\/span> \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span> H\u1eefu \u0110\u1ec9nh<\/span>, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> do t\u00e2m th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh<\/span>. Nghi\u1ec7p do th\u00e2n th\u1ecd l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span> do th\u00e2n th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c Gi\u1edbi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

f- Kh\u00fac, U\u1ebf, Tr\u01b0\u1ee3c, 3 nghi\u1ec7p:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do Si\u1ec3m kh\u00fac<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh ra nghi\u1ec7p Th\u00e2n, Ng\u1eef, \u00dd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u00fac Nghi\u1ec7p. S\u00e2n ph\u00e1t sinh ra 3 nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 U\u1ebf Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Do tham ph\u00e1t sinh ra nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1ee3c Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

g- B\u1ea1ch H\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u00e1c \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eafc H\u1eafc Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0nh \u1edf c\u00f5i S\u1eafc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea1ch B\u1ea1ch Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span> d\u1eef xen l\u1ed9n nhau th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i phi<\/span> kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i xen l\u1ed9n nhau \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eafc B\u1ea1ch<\/span> H\u1eafc B\u1ea1ch<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

h- Ba Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> M\u00e2u Ni<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> M\u00e2u Ni<\/span> : Th\u00e2n M\u00e2u Ni<\/span>, Ng\u1eef M\u00e2u Ni<\/span>, \u00dd M\u00e2u Ni<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ba nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>: Th\u00e2n thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Ng\u1eef thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, \u00dd thanh<\/span> t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> : Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, Ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, \u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb M\u00e2u Ni<\/span> l\u00e0 do phi\u00ean \u00e2m t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n Muni, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch m\u1eb7c<\/span>, d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng<\/span>. H\u00e0ng th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/span>, do d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> n\u00ean th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n M\u00e2u Ni<\/span>, Ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1eef M\u00e2u Ni<\/span>. \u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00fd M\u00e2u Ni<\/span>. Th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Ng\u1eef thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, \u00fd thanh<\/span> t\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> xa k\u00eca m\u1ecdi \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u1ea5u u\u1ebf<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7u H\u1ea1nh<\/span>; n\u00f3 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

i- Ba H\u1ea1nh:<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 3 \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 3 di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) Ba \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span>: Th\u00e2n \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, Ng\u1eef \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, \u00dd \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, \u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> v\u00e0 tham, s\u00e2n, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2) Ba di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span>: Th\u00e2n di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, Ng\u1eef di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, \u00dd di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 3 nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd. Ba di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span> g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t 3 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd. Quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u00dd \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00dd<\/span> di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span>. Ch\u00fang nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00dd nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c. \u00dd \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 tham, s\u00e2n, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>. \u00dd di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp c\u1ea3 v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, nh\u01b0 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 ghi tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

j- Hai lo\u1ea1i m\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 10 \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 10 thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01af\u1edcI \u00c1C NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n: S\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1eef : N\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/span> tr\u00e1, n\u00f3i l\u01b0\u1ee1i hai chi\u1ec1u, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi<\/span><\/p>\n

hung \u00e1c, n\u00f3i th\u00eau d\u1ec7t<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd : Tham, s\u00e2n, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01af\u1edcI THI\u1ec6N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n : Kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1o, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1eef: Kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/span> tr\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u01b0\u1ee1i hai chi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u1eddi hung \u00e1c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i th\u00eau d\u1ec7t<\/span>. \u00dd : Kh\u00f4ng tham, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c Kinh th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh<\/span>, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1eeb th\u00e2n, ng\u1eef, \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: (a) Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span>; (b) C\u0103n B\u1ea3n<\/span>; (c) H\u1eadu kh\u1edfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh \u01afu B\u00e0 T\u1eafc<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Gi\u1edbi<\/span>, ph\u1ea9m Nghi\u1ec7p vi\u1ebft: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> trang nghi\u00eam<\/span>; C\u0103n B\u1ea3n<\/span>; Th\u00e0nh D\u0129.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u1ea1m V\u00f5ng<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Gi\u1edbi<\/span> vi\u1ebft: S\u00e1t nh\u00e2n s\u00e1t duy\u00ean; S\u00e1t Ph\u00e1p; S\u00e1t Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong 3 ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c; C\u0103n B\u1ea3n<\/span> l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c v\u1eeba ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span>; H\u1eadu Kh\u1edfi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span> sau \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n C\u0103n B\u1ea3n<\/span> m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 NGHI\u1ec6P \u0110\u1ea0O<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> 16 vi\u1ebft: \u201cV\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, Th\u00e2n \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u00e1c thu\u1ed9c Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u1eadu Kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, \u0111\u00e1nh, tr\u00f3i \u2026 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u00e2n \u00c1c H\u1ea1nh<\/span> l\u00e0m k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c m\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng<\/span>, m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a, m\u1ea5t v\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i xa l\u00e1nh. Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c m\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng<\/span>, m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u2026m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1eef \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u1eef \u00e1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> thu\u1ed9c gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 khinh vi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng \u00dd \u00e1c h\u1ea1nh<\/span> thu\u1ed9c t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u00e1c v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tham nh\u1eb9 \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n, Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p thu\u1ed9c gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, h\u1eadu kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span>, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, l\u00eca u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1eef thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u1eef di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u00e1i ng\u1eef<\/span>, th\u1eadt ng\u1eef\u2026 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o, tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u00dd di\u1ec7u h\u1ea1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 duy<\/span> thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0o.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

10 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00c1c v\u00e0 10 \u0111i\u1ec1u Thi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG Y\u1ebeU T\u1ed0<\/span> KHI\u1ebeN 10 \u0110I\u1ec0U \u00c1C TR\u1ede TH\u00c0NH<\/span> \u00c1C NGHI\u1ec6P<\/span> \u0110\u1ea0O<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)- S\u00e1t sinh<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 5 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>: (a) C\u00f3 t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft; (b) \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>; (c) T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>; (d) D\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c<\/span> gi\u1ebft; (e) Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft l\u1ea7m.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)- Tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 5 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>: (a) M\u00f3ng t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u1ea5y c\u1eafp; (b) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c; (c) T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c; (d) D\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u1ea5y; (e) Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y l\u1ea7m \u0111em v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

(3)- T\u00e0 d\u00e2m<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>: (a) H\u00e0nh d\u00e2m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ee3 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/span>. (b) L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. (c) L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. (d) L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span> b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(4)- V\u1ecdng ng\u1eef<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>; (b) T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e1p t\u1eafc; (c) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe n\u00f3i.(d) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/span> bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m.<\/span><\/p>\n

(5)- L\u01b0\u1ee1i hai chi\u1ec1u (ly gi\u00e1n ng\u1eef<\/span>) nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>; (b) C\u1ed1 \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i h\u1ea1i k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c; (c) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span>; (d) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

(6)- \u00c1c kh\u1ea9u<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>; (b) C\u1ed1 \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c<\/span>, c\u1ed9c c\u1eb1n<\/span>, th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1<\/span> nh\u1ee5c k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c; (c) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span>; (d) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(7)- \u1ef6 ng\u1eef<\/span> (th\u00eau d\u1ec7t<\/span>, t\u1ea1p u\u1ebf) nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span>: (a) T\u00e2m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>; (b) C\u1ed1 \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u1eddi th\u00eau d\u1ec7t<\/span>, v\u1ebd v\u1eddi<\/span>, dua n\u1ecbnh<\/span>, t\u1ea1p u\u1ebf. T\u1eeb \u1ef6 Ng\u1eef<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng. Tr\u1eeb 3 th\u1ee9 h\u01b0 cu\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef<\/span>, th\u00f4 \u00e1c ng\u1eef<\/span>, ly gi\u00e1n ng\u1eef<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb<\/span> \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o<\/span>, t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y<\/span>, ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> \u1ef6 Ng\u1eef<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

(8)- Tham nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y, l\u00f2ng tham th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1eeb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u00f3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/span> n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> t\u1ea1o ra Nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(9)- S\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e2n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong tam \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra Nghi\u1ec7p \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(10)- T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi n\u1eb1m trong 6 m\u00f3n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec 2 m\u00f3n tr\u00ean. T\u1eeb ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a 10 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u00e1c do 3 c\u0103n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 Tham, S\u00e2n, Si m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Do t\u00e2m S\u00e2n m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> s\u00e1t sinh<\/span>; do Tham d\u1ee5c<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m<\/span> \u2026 C\u0169ng t\u1eeb 3 m\u00f3n tam \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra cu\u1ed1ng ng\u1eef, ly gi\u00e1n<\/span>, t\u1ea1p u\u1ebf ng\u1eef<\/span>, th\u00f4 \u00e1c, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 10 Thi\u1ec7n Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o th\u00ec lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cC\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> Thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span>, C\u0103n B\u1ea3n<\/span>, hay H\u1eadu Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb 3 Thi\u1ec7n C\u0103n<\/span> l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Tham<\/span>, V\u00f4 S\u00e2n<\/span>, V\u00f4 Si<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng Thi\u1ec7n T\u00e2m<\/span> t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi 3 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> n\u1ea7y\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

k- Ba m\u00f3n t\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u00e0 Ng\u1eef<\/span>, T\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, v\u00e0 T\u00e0 M\u1ea1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> 16 vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNh\u01b0 trong ng\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, n\u1ebfu do l\u00f2ng Tham m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 ng\u1eef<\/span>, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng<\/span>, v\u00ec trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng n\u1eefa. N\u1ebfu do t\u00e2m S\u00e2n si<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 ng\u1eef<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng<\/span>. B\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng. V\u00e0 th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu do l\u00f2ng tham ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu do s\u00e2n si<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i 3 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Th\u00e2n, Ng\u1eef, \u00dd; ho\u1eb7c Thi\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c \u00c1c, ho\u1eb7c Trung dung<\/span>; thu\u1ed9c h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> hay v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u1ec7p Thi\u1ec7n H\u1eefu<\/span> L\u1eadu, t\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f9i v\u1ecb<\/span> b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span> trong \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i<\/span> Thi\u1ec7n V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, tho\u00e1t h\u1eb3n m\u00f9i v\u1ecb<\/span> b\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3<\/span>. C\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7u Thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y mu\u1ed1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u00ea kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 3 Nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> m\u00e0 lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 3 nghi\u1ec7p Thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu n\u1eefa. V\u00ec 3 nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh<\/span> trong c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean V\u00f4 L\u1eadu Thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG N\u0102M <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG \u0110I\u1ec0U KI\u1ec6N<\/span> TR\u1ee2 DUY\u00caN<\/span> CHO TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

I- LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 S\u00c1U NH\u00c2N<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y: \u201cC\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> sinh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean\u201d (Vinaya I, P.40 – Ng\u0169 Ph\u1ea7n Lu\u1eadt<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 16, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 22, trang 210, trung).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span>, s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1i n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3, c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y sinh n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia sinh; c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y di\u1ec7t n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1i n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3\u201d nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p. \u201cC\u00e1i n\u1ea7y sinh n\u00ean c\u00e1i kia sinh\u201d nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> Quan n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan, h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ra v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span>, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> Lu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn chia \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> ra l\u00e0m 6 lo\u1ea1i NH\u00c2N nh\u01b0 sau: N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch \u201cTh\u1ea5t Quy\u1ec3n L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0\u201d (quy\u1ec3n 2, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh, 16, trang 600, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn 6 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi 6 nh\u00e2n n\u00eau tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eefu<\/span> Nh\u00e2n, T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ee5c<\/span> Nh\u00e2n, T\u01b0\u1edbng Nh\u00e2n, N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, Hi\u1ec3n Li\u1ec5u Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 Quan \u0110\u00e3i Nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do Ca Da<\/span> Di\u1ec5n Ni T\u1eed y<\/span> c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o kinh T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t A H\u00e0m<\/span> L\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1p<\/span> B\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u00f3a vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh Lu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ra thuy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y. V\u1ec1 sau H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng<\/span> l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i, trong lu\u1eadn b\u1ed9 Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u1ea1i chia Nh\u00e2n th\u00e0nh s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nh\u01b0 sau: Tham, S\u00e2n, Si, X\u1ea3, T\u1eeb Bi<\/span>, v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> r\u1ea5t coi tr\u1ecdng thuy\u1ebft L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn trong lu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ca Da<\/span> Di\u1ec5n Ni T\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

A- N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 6 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cTr\u1eeb t\u1ef1, d\u01b0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1i t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 ra c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u00e2n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> trong thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma T\u1ea1p T\u1eadp Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 3, c\u00f3 n\u00eau l\u00ean 20 lo\u1ea1i N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) Sinh N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (2) Tr\u1ee5 N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (3) Tr\u00ec N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (4) Chi\u1ebfu N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (5) Bi\u1ebfn Ho\u1ea1i<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (6) Ph\u00e2n Ly N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (7) Chuy\u1ec3n Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (8) T\u00edn Gi\u1ea3i<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (9) Hi\u1ec3n Li\u1ec5u N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (10) \u0110\u1eb3ng Ch\u00ed N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (11) T\u00f9y Thuy\u1ebft N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (12) Quan \u0110\u00e3i N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (13) Khi\u00ean D\u1eabn N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (14) Sinh Kh\u1edfi<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (15) Nhi\u1ebfp Th\u1ee5<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (16) D\u1eabn Ph\u00e1t N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (17) \u0110\u1ecbnh Bi\u1ec7t N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (18) \u0110\u1ed3ng S\u1ef1<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (19) T\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c, (20) B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi<\/span> N\u0103ng T\u00e1c. (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 31, trang 671, trung h\u1ea1).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m trong hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng bi\u1ebfn. V\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh d\u1eaft d\u1eabn c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> trong vai tr\u00f2<\/span> n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 6 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201ch\u1ed7 vi qu\u1ea3\u2019\u2019 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> t\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span>. Theo \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec khi ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan ph\u00e1t sinh quan h\u1ec7 th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch quan, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch quan c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span>, c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Kinh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed9<\/span>, v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian<\/span>, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 sau. H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00f3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng hu\u1ed1ng<\/span> do nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> l\u1ea1i sinh ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. N\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai l\u00e0 \u201cC\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n h\u1ed7 vi qu\u1ea3\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng hu\u1ed1ng<\/span> ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp<\/span> nhau c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cH\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ed9ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u1ec9 trong s\u00e1t na<\/span> di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 lu\u00f4n k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span> ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n<\/span>, l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n\u201d v\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eb3ng l\u01b0u qu\u1ea3\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 6 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cquy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m<\/span>, t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd\u2019\u2019, Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh T\u00e2m<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi Th\u1ee9c N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> ph\u00e1t ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh hay m\u1ed9t \u00fd ni\u1ec7m<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> li\u1ec1n theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em l\u1ea1i do m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n\u201d gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u201cC\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span>, c\u00f2n T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> (B\u00e0 Sa<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 16, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh, 27, trang 80, h\u1ea1), v\u00e0 theo H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o \u201cNg\u0169 S\u1ef1 B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: Khi m\u1ed9t Nh\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> 5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> (ng\u0169 s\u1ef1<\/span> b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>):<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u0103n, (2) Duy\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh, (3) Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span>, (4) C\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, (5) \u0110\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf<\/span> b\u1edfi 5 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

E- Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 5 m\u00f3n bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh<\/span> t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>, nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> sinh ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Tham, S\u00e2n, Si, M\u1ea1n, Nghi, \u00c1c Ki\u1ebfn<\/span> (\u00c1c Ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i: Th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, bi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7<\/span>, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc<\/span> g\u1ecdi 6 m\u00f3n n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, v\u00ec t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span> kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

F- D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p Thi\u1ec7n, \u00c1c l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> trong hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span> ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> ch\u1eef D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 3 ngh\u0129a:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- D\u1ecb Th\u1eddi nhi th\u1ee5c (kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi m\u1edbi ch\u00edn)<\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 nhanh c\u00f3 ch\u1eadm do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2-D\u1ecb Lo\u1ea1i nhi th\u1ee5c (kh\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi ch\u00edn)<\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 6 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3 xo\u00e0i khi c\u00f2n non c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh, \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00edn th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 xo\u00e0i l\u1edbn c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf…<\/span><\/p>\n

3-Bi\u1ebfn D\u1ecb nhi th\u1ee5c (\u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c m\u1edbi ch\u00edn)<\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00e0 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gieo nh\u00e2n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i khi c\u00f2n non c\u00f3 v\u1ecb v\u1eeba ch\u00e1t v\u1eeba chua nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt…<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 6 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m khi n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 B\u1ed0N DUY\u00caN<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> Lu\u1eadn th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 4 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 Duy\u00ean<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n duy\u00ean<\/span>), S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> duy\u00ean), v\u00e0 T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa 4 duy\u00ean v\u00e0 10 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> Lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> Lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong kinh Ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t-duy\u00ean-kh\u1edfi-s\u01a1-th\u1eafng-ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n, quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1 thu\u1ed9c kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u1ee9c-th\u00e2n-t\u1ee9c-lu\u1eadn quy\u1ec3n ba (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh, 26, trang 547, trung) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 B\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft Ma<\/span> (theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Ng\u00e0i ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> 100 n\u0103m sau Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp danh m\u1ee5c<\/span> T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span>. Trong Thi Thi\u1ebft T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> d\u1eabn d\u1ee5ng (B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 21, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 108, h\u1ea1). Theo c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn th\u00ec T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> Lu\u1eadn, theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh sau Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u0103m n\u0103m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> trong X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> Lu\u1eadn (quy\u1ec3n 25-26, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 28, trang 679-687) c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u1eadp Duy\u00ean, v\u1eady ta th\u1eed xem Th\u1eadp Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> g\u00ec nhau kh\u00f4ng ? Th\u1eadp Duy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: 1\/ Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 2\/ V\u00f4 D\u00e1ng Duy\u00ean, 3\/ C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean (S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>), 4\/ Y Duy\u00ean, 5\/ Nghi\u1ec7p Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 6\/ B\u00e1o Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 7\/ Kh\u1edfi Duy\u00ean, 8\/ D\u1ecb Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 9\/ T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ee5c<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 10\/ T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadn l\u00fd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i t\u1eeb h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadp Duy\u00ean. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng<\/span> Pali c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> Nam Truy\u1ec1n. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn T\u1ef3 B\u00e0<\/span> B\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 B\u1ed5 \u0110\u1eb7c Gi\u00e0 La<\/span> Thi Thi\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span> tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/span> c\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo c\u00e1ch l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadn L\u00fd th\u00ec ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chung chung nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng theo s\u1ef1 l\u00fd<\/span> lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y ta l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> h\u00f3a v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng theo th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span>, thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean gi\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t sinh thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t thai<\/span> t\u1eeb thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i thuy\u1ebft b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> l\u1ea1i thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 cho g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u00e0i d\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span> qua c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>. Theo lu\u1eadn A-T\u1ef3-\u0110\u1ea1t-Ma-Ph\u00e1p-Y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a A-N\u1eadu-L\u00e2u-\u0110\u00e0, sau khi \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t c\u1eed 24 Duy\u00ean l\u1ea1i \u0111em thu nhi\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh 4 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0: S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>, \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa 10 duy\u00ean v\u00e0 24 Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Lo\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Lu\u1eadn S\u1ef1<\/span> c\u00f3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 9 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 2\/ T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 3\/ C\u00e2u Sanh Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 4\/ C\u0103n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 5\/ Th\u1ef1c Duy\u00ean, 6\/ \u0110\u1ea1o Duy\u00ean, 7\/ C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 8\/ V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 9\/ T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ee5c<\/span> Duy\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> trong \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Lo\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 24 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1i<\/span> Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> con s\u1ed1 n\u1ea7y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 2\/ C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean (S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>), 3\/ T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 4\/ V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 5\/ \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 6\/ C\u00e2u Sinh<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 7\/ H\u1ed7 Vi Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 8\/ Y Duy\u00ean, 9\/ C\u1eadn Duy\u00ean, 10\/ Ti\u1ec1n Sinh<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 11\/ H\u1eadu Sinh<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 12\/ T\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u1ee5c Duy\u00ean, 13\/ Nghi\u1ec7p Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 14\/ B\u00e1o Duy\u00ean<\/span> (D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span> Duy\u00ean), 15\/ Th\u1ef1c Duy\u00ean, 16\/ C\u0103n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 17\/ Thi\u1ec1n Duy\u00ean, 18\/ \u0110\u1ea1o Duy\u00ean, 19\/ T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 20\/ B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 21\/ H\u1eefu Duy\u00ean<\/span>, 22\/ Phi H\u1eefu<\/span> Duy\u00ean, 23\/ Ly Duy\u00ean, 24\/ Phi Ly Duy\u00ean (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> trong s\u00e1ch Compendium of Philosophy pp. 191-5, Visuddhumagga vol. II, p. 532).<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 hai b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1ebd Lu\u1eadn S\u1ef1<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Lo\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 C\u1eedu Duy\u00ean n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> sau Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eadp T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u00e2u g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 24 Duy\u00ean c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> Lu\u1eadn S\u1ef1<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd v\u00e0o th\u1eddi A-D\u1ee5c V\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eed t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> xem thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean trong X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

Thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean bao h\u00e0m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong 10 Duy\u00ean, th\u1ee9 7 l\u00e0 Kh\u1edfi Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 8 l\u00e0 D\u1ecb Duy\u00ean<\/span> m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc qua d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn 24 Duy\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00ec Kh\u1edfi Duy\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi C\u1eadn Duy\u00ean c\u00f2n D\u1ecb Duy\u00ean<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi H\u1ed7 Vi Duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf gi\u1eefa thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o c\u00f3 sau? Trong s\u00e1ch Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> A-T\u1ef3-\u0110\u1ea1t-Ma-Lu\u1eadn trang 127-132 c\u1ee7a Kimura Taiken c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean trong lu\u1eadn X\u00e1-L\u1ee3i-Ph\u1ea5t-A-T\u1ef3-\u0110\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t thai<\/span> t\u1eeb thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean trong \u0110\u1ea1i-ph\u1ea9m-lo\u1ea1i-lu\u1eadn. V\u00ec thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span>, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u01a1 h\u1ed3<\/span> tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean ra \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3i l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean cho c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn X\u00e1-L\u1ee3i-Ph\u1ea5t-A-T\u1ef3-\u0110\u00e0m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 trong gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc<\/span> gi\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> ai c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- S\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa 24 duy\u00ean v\u00e0 4 duy\u00ean<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n A \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa 24 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 4 Duy\u00ean. A N\u1eadu L\u00e2u \u0110\u00e0<\/span> trong s\u00e1ch A-T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t-Ma Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu<\/span> Lu\u1eadn sau khi li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> 24 Duy\u00ean l\u1ea1i qui k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh ra 4 Duy\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean \u0111i t\u1eeb thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 Duy\u00ean<\/span> (\u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>), S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span> (C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean) v\u00e0 T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi thuy\u1ebft 4 Duy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng<\/span> h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> 10 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 24 Duy\u00ean v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u1eefng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1i Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean trong \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Lo\u1ea1i Lu\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o theo thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean trong lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> duy tr\u00ec<\/span> kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft<\/span> 4 Duy\u00ean d\u1eabn d\u1ee5ng Kinh Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> S\u1edf Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p<\/span> M\u00f4n v\u00e0 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i 4 Duy\u00ean. C\u0169ng t\u1eeb trong Kinh v\u1eeba n\u00f3i ph\u00e1i n\u1ea7y d\u1eabn d\u1ee5ng \u201cB\u00e1t M\u00f4n Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n \u00fd ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> (n\u00f3i cho \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0: Th\u1ee5 D\u1ee5ng<\/span> Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c<\/span> C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

2\/ Nh\u1eadm Tr\u00ec<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3\/ Th\u1ef1c Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> Kh\u1edfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

4\/ T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ee5c<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft<\/span> Sinh Th\u00e2n<\/span> T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ee5c<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

5\/ Y Tr\u00ec<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> (Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft<\/span> Sinh Th\u00e2n<\/span> Y Tr\u00ec<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

6\/ Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft<\/span> Sinh Th\u00e2n<\/span> Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

7\/ Thanh T\u1ecbnh<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

8\/ T\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> \u201cPh\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> S\u01a1 Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p<\/span> M\u00f4n Kinh\u201d, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 16, quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea1, trang 841, Huy\u1ec1n Trang<\/span> d\u1ecbch).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a B\u00e1t M\u00f4n<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1edbi 24 Duy\u00ean v\u00e0 10 Duy\u00ean k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1eb3ng B\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> B\u1ed9.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 sau Du Gi\u00e0<\/span> \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn<\/span> tuy l\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> 4 Duy\u00ean th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng 4 Duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i<\/span> cho l\u1eafm cho n\u00ean m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> d\u00f9ng thuy\u1ebft T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span>, Ng\u0169 Qu\u1ea3<\/span> (D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, \u0110\u1eb3ng L\u01b0u Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, Ly H\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3<\/span>) nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i l\u1eadp ra thuy\u1ebft 10 Nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Thuy\u1ebft 10 Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: (1) T\u00f9y Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u00e2n, (2) Quan \u0110\u00e3i Nh\u00e2n, (3) Khi\u00ean D\u1eabn Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, (4) Sinh Kh\u1edfi Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, (5) Nhi\u1ebfp Th\u1ee5<\/span> Nh\u00e2n, (6) D\u1eabn Ph\u00e1t Nh\u00e2n, (7) \u0110\u1ecbnh D\u1ecb nh\u00e2n<\/span>, (8) \u0110\u1ed3ng S\u1ef1<\/span> Nh\u00e2n, (9) T\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, (10) B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi Nh\u00e2n<\/span> (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span>: \u201cDu Gi\u00e0 S\u01b0 \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 5, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 30, trang 301). Thuy\u1ebft 10 Nh\u00e2n Lu\u1eadn n\u1ea7y tuy kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn l\u1ea5y con s\u1ed1 10, v\u00e0 x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a hai thuy\u1ebft ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> v\u1edbi nhau<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> m\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> Tr\u00f9ng Tr\u00f9ng<\/span> Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u00e0 Duy\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u bi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n Duy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>,<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 Duy\u00ean<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> hay V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean), v\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi sinh ra qu\u1ea3. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> sinh ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> hay hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> hu\u00e2n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u do ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi sinh ra qu\u1ea3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c Duy\u00ean th\u00ec Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Theo A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu<\/span> lu\u1eadn th\u00ec nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 tham, s\u00e2n, si, x\u1ea3, t\u1eeb bi<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng theo X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> lu\u1eadn (quy\u1ec3n 25, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 29, trang 679) th\u00ec l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n<\/span> n\u1eefa l\u00e0 thu nhi\u1ebfp c\u1ea3 t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cnh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sinh, nh\u01b0 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con\u2019\u2019. Duy Th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span> ph\u00e1i l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1eb1ng \u201cnh\u00e2n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> quan h\u1ec7 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0o n\u1eefa m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/span> th\u00ec v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span> nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo thuy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> trong \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> v\u00e0 C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span>. Hai b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec NH\u00c2N DUY\u00caN<\/span> (tr\u1eeb N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> ra) bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u1ea3 n\u0103m nh\u00e2n kia l\u00e0 C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00e0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> l\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> ra. V\u00ec N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> l\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u201cti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00f4 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i\u2019\u2019 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng n\u0103m nh\u00e2n kia m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> cho Nguy\u00ean Nh\u00e2n<\/span>. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/span> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span>, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt hay c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p sanh th\u00e0nh, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span>. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u1ea3 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> hay v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 quanh ta ho\u1eb7c trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- T\u00f9y Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 t\u00f9y theo<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i. C\u0169ng t\u00f9y theo<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Qu\u00e1n \u0110\u00e3i Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ec3 theo s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t<\/span>, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, t\u00ecm ra<\/span> c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Ki\u00ean D\u1eabn Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u1eabn l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sanh ra nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span> d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ki\u00ean D\u1eabn Nh\u01a1n, c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n sanh ra c\u00e1i sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- Nhi\u1ebfp Th\u1ecd<\/span> Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c b\u00ean trong h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

e- Sanh Kh\u1edfi<\/span> Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1c<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, m\u1ea7m sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

f- D\u1eabn Ph\u00e1t Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1i m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

g- \u0110\u1ecbnh Bi\u1ec7t Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> sinh ra m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>; v\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ea1t b\u1eafp ch\u1ec9 sinh ra c\u00e2y b\u1eafp ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec1 sinh ra c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

h- \u0110\u1ed3ng S\u1ef1<\/span> Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u01a1n Qu\u00e1n \u0110\u00e3i, Khi\u00ean Nh\u1eabn, Nhi\u1ebfp Th\u1ecd<\/span>, Sanh Kh\u1edfi<\/span>, D\u1eabn Ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh Bi\u1ec7t, s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> m\u1edbi, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t sanh ra c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/span> m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n<\/span> nhau kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng.<\/span><\/p>\n

i- T\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi<\/span> Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngh\u1ecbch duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p; v\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00faa non g\u1eb7p n\u1eafng h\u1ea1n n\u00ean b\u1ecb t\u00e0n l\u1ee5n \u0111i.<\/span><\/p>\n

j-B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng Vi<\/span> Nh\u01a1n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 Duy\u00ean<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> hay \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>)<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i T\u00e1m Th\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> lu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. H\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 khi ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> v\u1eeba di\u1ec7t, th\u00ec n\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eaft d\u1eabn ni\u1ec7m sau sanh ra. V\u00ec sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec chen v\u00e0o l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n<\/span> Duy\u00ean\u2019\u2019 (Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0110\u00e0m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean<\/span>, HT Thi\u1ec7n Hoa – Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7\u2019\u2019 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau, c\u00f2n \u201cduy\u00ean\u2019\u2019 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>. C\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho c\u00e1i sau sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 duy\u00ean\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 khi th\u1eafp ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n<\/span> c\u1ea7y g\u1ea7n t\u00e0n l\u1ee5n v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef cho ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u00ean ta ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e8n d\u1ea7u ch\u00e2m v\u00e0o cho ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span>, tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ea7y sau l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8n d\u1ea7u hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, \u0111\u00e8n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e8n sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean th\u1ec9 V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. Trong X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> lu\u1eadn th\u00ec \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 n\u0103m. Trong thuy\u1ebft T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00ec \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai. Trong thuy\u1ebft 10 Duy\u00ean th\u00ec V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>. Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 quan h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> sau trong s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. Khi ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> qua \u0111i th\u00ec ni\u1ec7m sau li\u1ec1n sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. Ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho ni\u1ec7m sau kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m hay T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> tuy l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb3ng (b\u1eb1ng nhau) kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> lu\u1eadn g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng hay \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa ti\u1ec1n ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1eadu ni\u1ec7m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n \u201cV\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n\u2019\u2019 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> lu\u00f4n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> m\u00e0 \u1edf xa ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i l\u1ee5a tr\u1eafng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> hay \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 quan h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> sau t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Theo t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o t\u00e2m \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> ng\u01a1i ngh\u1ec9 hay d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> d\u1eabn kh\u1edfi gi\u1eefa hai ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> d\u1ee9t v\u00e0 sau kh\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span> hay l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec gi\u1eefa ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m sau sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c xen v\u00e0o<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> (quy\u1ec3n 7). Theo s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u00e0 Sa lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i sau nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n h\u1eadu<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span> s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0m duy\u00ean l\u1eabn nhau m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 sinh ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span> (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean)<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch th\u1ec3. Khi ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u00ec theo Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> g\u1ecdi ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> N\u0103ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> S\u1edf Duy\u00ean<\/span>. V\u00ec c\u00f3 hai ch\u1eef Duy\u00ean n\u00ean hai ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00e0nh S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0103n (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>) ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t sinh TH\u1ee8C sau khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n<\/span>, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi n\u00f3i nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec…<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec T\u00c2M sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u1eaft ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 C\u1ea2NH th\u00ec T\u00c2M kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sinh… Trong lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> (quy\u1ec3n 25, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 28, trang 680) l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eafn \u0111i, m\u0169i t\u00ean ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o \u0111\u00edch m\u00e0 b\u1eafn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u khi m\u1eaft xem hoa m\u1edbi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hoa, n\u1ebfu trong ph\u00f2ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1eaft c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u1eefa th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u00e2n S\u1edf Duy\u00ean<\/span> Duy\u00ean\u2019\u2019, v\u00e0 \u201cS\u01a1 S\u1edf Duy\u00ean<\/span> Duy\u00ean\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Th\u00e2n S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi Ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Th\u1ee9c Duy\u00ean qua T\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e2n S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> b\u00ean trong n\u1ed9i th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- S\u01a1 S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> quanh ta \u0111\u1ec1u do th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt, hoa l\u00e1… Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. M\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ta nh\u00ecn ng\u1eafm c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp<\/span> duy\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y T\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span> hay l\u00e0 C\u1ea3nh Gi\u1edbi<\/span> Duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i hay ch\u1ee7 quan<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0n l\u1ee5n nhanh ch\u00f3ng. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 Ngh\u1ecbch T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>. Thu\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ngh\u1ecbch th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> th\u00ec T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ham mu\u1ed1n<\/span>, tinh ti\u1ebfn<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u01b0 duy<\/span>… nh\u1eefng ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span> l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span>. Lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh d\u1eaft d\u1eabn c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> kh\u00e1ch quan n\u1eefa m\u1edbi h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span> mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span>, B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u00ec T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> trong thuy\u1ebft b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean v\u1edbi N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> trong thuy\u1ebft L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p tr\u1eeb t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> hay \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c<\/span> hay ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> cho m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Duy\u00ean n\u1ea7y. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 trung t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ho\u1eb7c th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> g\u1eb7p Ngh\u1ecbch T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00ec thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> hay t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 b\u1ecb suy t\u00e0n<\/span> s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng theo lu\u1eadn X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> t\u1eebng Duy\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1<\/span> h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> d\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Duy\u00ean, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> l\u00e0 do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 DUY\u00caN. Do \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chung c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng<\/span> hay v\u00f4 t\u1eadn duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>. V\u00ec theo A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c c\u00e1c Duy\u00ean, theo \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 c\u00e1c Duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 trong thuy\u1ebft 24 Duy\u00ean s\u1ef1<\/span> quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u201cti\u1ec1n ni\u1ec7m t\u00e2m<\/span>, t\u00e2m s\u1edf\u2019\u2019 v\u00e0 \u201ch\u1eadu ni\u1ec7m t\u00e2m<\/span>, t\u00e2m s\u1edf\u2019\u2019 l\u00e0 y c\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0o V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, \u0110\u1eb3ng V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n Duy\u00ean<\/span>, Phi H\u1eefu<\/span> Duy\u00ean, Ly Duy\u00ean, T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ee5c<\/span> Duy\u00ean, v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng<\/span> Duy\u00ean. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean thuy\u1ebft B\u1ed1n Duy\u00ean m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> tuy l\u00e0 y c\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0o to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean nh\u01b0ng trong \u201cV\u00f4 T\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh\u2019\u2019 thu\u1ed9c \u201cV\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh\u2019\u2019 th\u00ec thi\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 y v\u00e0o ba duy\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, khi b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai duy\u00ean l\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i (C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9 7).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng theo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> hay quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ngh\u1ecbch x\u1ea3y ra c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span>, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, hay suy t\u00e0n<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

III- LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 N\u0102M QU\u1ea2 <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> cho th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> Lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 Duy\u00ean<\/span> Lu\u1eadn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 Th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> m\u00e0 trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c PH\u00c1P.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t sinh ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, Qu\u1ea3 B\u00e1o<\/span>… c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> d\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec trong s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> chung ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span>, Qu\u1ea3 Lu\u1eadn m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp lo\u1ea1i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lu\u1eadn. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eed t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau qu\u1ea3. Theo B\u00e0 Sa Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (quy\u1ec3n 121, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 27, trang 629; C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 6) th\u00ec c\u00f3 5 Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

A\/ D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, B\/ \u0110\u1eb3ng L\u01b0u Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, C\/ S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, D\/ T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, E\/ Ly H\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 do D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i. Hay n\u00f3i<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c Nguy\u00ean Nh\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 sinh ra D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef D\u1ecb c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng, l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span> theo ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span>: Kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi gian<\/span> (d\u1ecb th\u1eddi), kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i (d\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i), v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> (bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee5c c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 cho ra qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 cho qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Nghi\u1ec7p Thi\u1ec7n hay \u00c1c. Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e2n th\u00ec c\u00f3 Thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u00c1c nh\u01b0ng khi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span> n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span> n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec7n hay \u00c1c l\u00e0 do Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span> sinh ra. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span> n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y theo<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc gieo nh\u00e2n l\u00e0nh hay \u00e1c sau khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecd nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> do c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m d\u1eabn nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u1ea5y \u0111i th\u1ecd thai. Th\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- \u0110\u1eb3ng L\u01b0u Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb3ng L\u01b0u? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> l\u01b0u xu\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y h\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0nh…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu Qu\u1ea3 \u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> l\u01b0u xu\u1ea5t hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i qu\u1ea3 c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n. Qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y do \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span> sinh ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span> qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng do Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span> sinh ra. Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n n\u00ean khi sinh ra qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cN\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 do th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span> ra th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3\u2019\u2019. N\u1ebfu Nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span> th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 do C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0 do T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111em l\u1ea1i. Theo H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span>, ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng. Theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u00ec tr\u1eeb t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 ra, c\u00f2n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> (hay l\u00e0 T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy\u00ean<\/span>). M\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 M\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec 4 qu\u1ea3 kia c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/span> hay quy k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> 4 qu\u1ea3 kia m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Ng\u1ea1i<\/span> Qu\u1ea3, Gi\u00e1n Ti\u1ebfp<\/span> Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Ti\u00eau C\u1ef1c<\/span> Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1n Ti\u1ebfp<\/span> Nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

E- Ly H\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1u th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span> hay S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span> B\u1ea5t Sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y do d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> tu tr\u00ec<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 h\u1eefu vi<\/span> kh\u00e1c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ly H\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> kh\u1ecfi Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ecfi sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m qu\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft<\/span> s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa L\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 Ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b>: do D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- \u0110\u1eb3ng L\u01b0u Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b>: do \u0110\u1ed3ng Lo\u1ea1i Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b>: do C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee8ng Nh\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b>: do N\u0103ng T\u00e1c Nh\u00e2n<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Ly H\u1ec7 Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b>: do d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>, thu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> 6 Nh\u00e2n k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

IV- B\u1ed0N QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A H\u1eefU B\u1ed8<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 6 th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i 5 qu\u1ea3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f2n l\u1eadp th\u00eam 4 qu\u1ea3 n\u1eefa. V\u00ec H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 5 Qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> gi\u1eefa Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- An L\u1eadp<\/span> Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Th\u1eadp Duy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn th\u00ec Qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 y c\u1ee9<\/span>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 do tu t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng theo ch\u1ed7 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> hi\u1ec3u th\u00ec Qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn An L\u1eadp H\u1ea1nh<\/span> trong b\u1ed1n qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 An L\u1eadp H\u1ea1nh<\/span> (Supratichthitatch\u00e2ritra) (B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>), Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea1nh (Vicichtatch\u00e2ritra) (B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>), v\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1nh<\/span> (Vicu\u0111hatch\u00e2ritra) (B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Gia H\u1ea1nh Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> hay c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00fac kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u tu B\u1ea5t T\u1ecbnh Qu\u00e1n<\/span> l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed v\u00f4 sinh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> Tinh T\u1ea5n<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span> nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m<\/span> d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh<\/span> t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span> Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u01a1 Quan<\/span> trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (C\u0103n) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0m Nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span> ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c C\u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y hoa v\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 sau khi th\u1ea5y hoa r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i hoa n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i hoa kia… \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span> Qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Tu T\u1eadp<\/span> Qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1u n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng do T\u0129nh L\u1ef1<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Bi\u1ebfn H\u00f3a<\/span> T\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Bi\u1ebfn H\u00f3a<\/span> T\u00e2m l\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a T\u0129nh L\u1ef1<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0<\/span> d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> A La H\u00e1n<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t Qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o trong 4 qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong 5 qu\u1ea3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span> Qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi C\u00e2u H\u1eefu Nh\u00e2n<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu v\u00e0o S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1eb1ng 4 Qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u1ea3 4 Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o S\u0129 D\u1ee5ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span> hay T\u0103ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> 6 Nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra 5 Qu\u1ea3 (hay 9 Qu\u1ea3). Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u1eed b\u00e0n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u1eddi gian<\/span> gi\u1eefa Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ea3 sau<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

2- Nh\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ra hai lo\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 D\u1eef Qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3 do Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c Th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3 Th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh. Th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Ch\u1ea5t Li\u1ec7u Nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1eef Qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ed9ng L\u1ef1c<\/span> Nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 6 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 gieo nh\u00e2n n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3, cho \u0111\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1eef Qu\u1ea3\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ghi ch\u00fa: C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> n\u00f3i cho \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (Abhidharma-kosa-sastra) do Ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> (Vasubandhu) s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span>, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a C\u00e2u X\u00e1 T\u00f4ng<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o T\u1ed5<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00f4ng n\u00e0y).<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> (Sarvastiv\u00e2din) n\u00f3i cho \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span>, Gi\u00e1o T\u1ed5<\/span> l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i La H\u1ea7u La<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

V- T\u00c2M B\u1ea4T T\u01af\u01a0NG \u01afNG H\u00c0NH<\/span> PH\u00c1P<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p T\u00c2M B\u1ea4T T\u01af\u01a0NG \u01afNG H\u00c0NH<\/span> th\u00ec Ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 V\u1eadt c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d. Nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa T\u00e2m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt. Nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> c\u00f2n li\u1ec7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o V\u00f4 Vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span>. Nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> quy n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang theo nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> th\u00ec \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d n\u1eb1m trong tr\u0103m ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 theo quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u201ctam gi\u1edbi duy t\u00e2m<\/span>, v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> duy th\u1ee9c\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ee5c n\u1ea7y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d theo quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 2 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u1edf ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean d\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i T\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i V\u1eadt \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i Th\u1ee9c. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i Th\u1ee9c th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00f3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Theo Lu\u1eadn B\u1ed9 Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> theo nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean lu\u1eadn<\/span>, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> T\u00e2m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt c\u00f2n th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n n\u1eefa g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cThi Thi\u1ebft\u2019\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u2019\u2019 ph\u00e1p. Trong A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng. Theo \u0111\u00f3 \u201cThi Thi\u1ebft\u2019\u2019 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span>, hay l\u00e0 Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p. Trong A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu<\/span> Lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a A N\u1eadu L\u00e2u \u0110\u00e0<\/span> th\u00ec \u201cThi Thi\u1ebft\u2019\u2019 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Danh Thi Thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 Ngh\u0129a Thi Thi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a Thi Thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u201ckh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\u201d. Danh Thi Thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo A-\u00d4-\u00c2n-Th\u1ecb th\u00ec ngh\u0129a \u201cThi Thi\u1ebft\u201d n\u00f3i tr\u00ean g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 12 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t Ngh\u0129a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Ch\u1ea5p Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: L\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t Ngh\u0129a<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i<\/span> l\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- T\u1eadp H\u1ee3p Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: L\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Lo\u1ea1i Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ee7ng hay Lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- H\u00ecnh Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> hay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Th\u1eddi Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- Kh\u00f4ng Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- T\u01b0\u1edbng Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- Phi H\u1eefu<\/span> Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

11- T\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ee5c<\/span> Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

12- Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c<\/span> Thi Thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/b>: Quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb<\/span> th\u00f4ng t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> tri\u1ec3n khai<\/span> v\u1ec1 Thi Thi\u1ebft, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo thu\u1eadn t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0<\/span> th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u00e1i n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1i n\u00e0o sau, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> nay ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Theo Lu\u1eadn B\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn B\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea5y H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/span>. B\u1eafc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d n\u1ea7y. Ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p<\/span> U\u1ea9n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn, X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span>, Ph\u00e1t Tr\u00ed Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> v.v… \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn b\u1ed9 n\u1ea7y th\u00ec T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> T\u00e2m L\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> V\u1eadt Ch\u1ea5t<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u1edf gi\u1eefa T\u00e2m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft Th\u1ef1c H\u1eefu, Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> ch\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i v\u1ec1 Duy T\u00e2m Lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u1ea1i th\u00e1i d\u1ee5ng thuy\u1ebft n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu d\u1ee5ng s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb Sinh, Tr\u1ee5, L\u00e3o. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 M\u1ec7nh, \u0110\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ee5c \u201cc\u1ed9ng x\u1ee9 s\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp ph\u00e1p\u201d c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn \u201cX\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t A T\u1ef3<\/span> \u0110\u00e0m\u201d c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u1edbi T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Sinh, L\u00e3o, T\u1eed, M\u1ec7nh, K\u1ebft, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, \u0110\u1eafc Qu\u1ea3<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> v.v… (X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> Lu\u1eadn, quy\u1ec3n 1, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 28, trang 526, h\u1ea1; nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> Lu\u1eadn, trang 129).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Ph\u00e1p U\u1ea9n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f9ng l\u00fac<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> v\u00e0 ba V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1eafc, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> S\u1ef1, M\u1ec7nh C\u0103n<\/span>, Ch\u00fang \u0110\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadn<\/span>, Y \u0110\u1eafc, S\u1ef1 \u0110\u1eafc, X\u1ee9 \u0110\u1eafc, Sinh, L\u00e3o, Tr\u1ee5, V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, Danh Th\u00e2n<\/span>, C\u00fa Th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u0103n Th\u00e2n<\/span> (Ph\u00e1p U\u1ea9n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 10, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 26, trang 500).<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ea c\u00e1c m\u00f3n nh\u01b0: \u0110\u1eafc, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> S\u1ef1, M\u1ec7nh C\u0103n<\/span>, Ch\u00fang \u0110\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadn<\/span>, Y \u0110\u1eafc, X\u1ee9 \u0110\u1eafc, S\u1ef1 \u0110\u1eafc, Sinh, L\u00e3o, Tr\u1ee5, V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> T\u00ednh, Danh Th\u00e2n<\/span>, C\u00fa Th\u00e2n<\/span>, V\u0103n Th\u00e2n<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi T\u00e2m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d (Ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 1, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 26, trang 692).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ha L\u00ea B\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> trong Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 7, B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u1ea9m 190 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 32, trang 289) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00e0nh 15. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0: \u0110\u1eafc, Phi \u0110\u1eafc<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> S\u1ef1 (ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>), M\u1ec7nh C\u0103n<\/span>, Ch\u00fang \u0110\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadn<\/span>, D\u1ecb Sinh T\u00ednh<\/span>, Sinh, Tr\u1ee5, D\u1ecb, Di\u1ec7t, Danh Th\u00e2n<\/span>, C\u00fa Th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u0103n Th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn D\u1ecb Sinh T\u00ednh<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 14 \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p\u201d c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3<\/span> Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n<\/span> v\u00e0 Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ec1u theo con s\u1ed1 n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u1ea1i m\u1edf ra nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c… n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi T\u00e2m, th\u00ec t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d do \u0111\u00f3 \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf con s\u1ed1 14 hay 15.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> n\u1ea7y, ph\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span> ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> l\u00e0 trong \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> (quy\u1ec3n 1, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 31, trang 665) T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng h\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 24 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eafc, Phi \u0110\u1eafc<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>, M\u1ec7nh C\u0103n<\/span>, Ch\u00fang \u0110\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadn<\/span>, Sinh, L\u00e3o, Tr\u1ee5, V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, Danh Th\u00e2n<\/span>, C\u00fa Th\u00e2n<\/span>, V\u0103n Th\u00e2n<\/span>, D\u1ecb Sinh T\u00ednh<\/span>, L\u01b0u Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>, \u0110\u1ecbnh D\u1ecb, T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng<\/span>, Th\u1ebf T\u1ed1c<\/span>, Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7<\/span>, Th\u1eddi, Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, S\u1ed1, H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span> (xem c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y trong s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma T\u1ea1p T\u1eadp Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 2 c\u1ee7a An Hu\u1ec7<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 31, trang 700).<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 T\u00e2m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n khi m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 th\u00eam T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00e1i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i nh\u01b0 Kinh B\u1ed9<\/span>, Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> (\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> t\u1ea1p t\u1eadp lu\u1eadn\u201d quy\u1ec3n 1, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 31, trang 665, h\u1ea1); trong Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 5, Ph\u00e1p T\u1ee5<\/span> Ph\u1ea9m 18, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a cho n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cV\u00f4 T\u00e1c Nghi\u1ec7p\u201d (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 32, trang 252, trung, h\u1ea1).<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh hay b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> tr\u1edf n\u00ean tinh m\u1eadt h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- \u00dd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn t\u1eebng Ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t v\u00ec n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec gi\u1edd<\/span>. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span> ch\u1ec9 xin l\u01b0\u1ee3c qua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0110\u1eafc: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eafc l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d, l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cV\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d hay l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> v.v… Do n\u01a1i<\/span> t\u00e2m m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p trong \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p\u201d. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa khi ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch<\/span> m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ta ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng khi ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> m\u1edbi t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1eafc t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span>: Th\u00e1nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e0m Phu<\/span> khi c\u00f2n tr\u1ee5 \u1edf t\u00e2m v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng trong T\u00e2m Th\u00e1nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> Tr\u00ed V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span> \u201ckh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t\u201d c\u00f2n t\u00e2m ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f2n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu b\u1ecf t\u00e2m v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> \u0111i th\u00ec t\u00e2m Ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho Ph\u00e0m Phu<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0110\u1eafc \u1edf Th\u00e1nh Nh\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u00ed v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> \u201ckh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t\u201d kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Ph\u00e0m Phu<\/span> l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ch\u01b0a d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch. \u0110\u1eafc theo c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> c\u00f2n chia th\u00e0nh 3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u201cPh\u00e1p ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eafc\u201d, \u201cph\u00e1p c\u00e2u \u0111\u1eafc\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e1p h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eafc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> cho nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span> trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cti\u1ec1n\u201d v.v… v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>. (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 158, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 27, trang 801; v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 4).<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u201cPhi \u0110\u1eafc\u201d<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Phi \u0110\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eafc, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

4- Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

5- V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ea3<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m hay V\u1eadt n\u00ean ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng h\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p\u201d. \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed9<\/span> l\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t ch\u00fang v\u00e0o V\u00f4 Vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- M\u1ec7nh C\u0103n<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ecd m\u1ec7nh<\/span>, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n. H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed9<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f9ng sinh t\u1eed<\/span> u\u1ea9n\u201d. \u0110\u1ed9c T\u1eed B\u1ed9<\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cPhi t\u1ee9c phi<\/span> ly u\u1ea9n ng\u00e3\u201d. H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> do T\u00e2m, Th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean l\u00fd tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng mang m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a linh h\u1ed3n<\/span> (Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> cho n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Ch\u00fang \u0110\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadn<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i<\/span>: C\u00f3 2 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u1eefu Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span>: Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng hay \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 hay tr\u1ebb con n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span>: Gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0… Ph\u00e1i Th\u1eafng Lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u1ea1i chia \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eadn th\u00e0nh cao-\u0111\u1eb3ng-\u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t-\u0111\u1eb3ng-\u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- D\u1ecb Sinh T\u00ednh<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> do H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0ng C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Sinh<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

10- Tr\u1ee5<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

11- D\u1ecb<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

12- Di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/span>. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> tranh lu\u1eadn<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. Ph\u00e1t Tr\u00ed Lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> xem 4 t\u01b0\u1edbng Sinh, Tr\u1ee5, D\u1ecb, Di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span>. Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 39 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 27, trang 200) ngo\u00e0i T\u1ee9 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f2n c\u1ed1 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Sinh, Tr\u1ee5, D\u1ecb, Di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec. Ngo\u00e0i Sinh, Tr\u1ee5, D\u1ecb, Di\u1ec7t ra h\u1ecd c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn Sinh, Tr\u1ee5, D\u1ecb, Di\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Sinh, Tr\u1ee5, D\u1ecb, Di\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ra thuy\u1ebft \u201cTi\u1ec3u T\u1ee9 T\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d hay \u201cT\u00f9y T\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span> th\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

13- Danh<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

14- C\u00fa<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

15- V\u0103n (theo Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 14, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 27, trang 70) <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng Danh Th\u00e2n<\/span>, C\u00fa Th\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u0103n Th\u00e2n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Thanh Lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng Danh, C\u00fa, V\u0103n l\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng (thanh) l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>, T\u00f4ng n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng x\u1ebfp ch\u00fang v\u00e0o \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Danh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Danh T\u1eeb (danh thuy\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00fa l\u00e0 c\u00e2u v\u0103n, c\u00e2u n\u00f3i, d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> hay l\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3… (c\u00fa thuy\u00ean sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>). V\u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0<\/span>: a, i, u, e … Nh\u1edd m\u1eabu t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1p ra th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, nh\u1edd danh t\u1eeb m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p… Nh\u1edd c\u00e2u m\u00e0 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3<\/span> ra ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span>, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>… C\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u1ea7y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a V\u0103n \u0110i\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> m\u00e0 H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 Sa Lu\u1eadn<\/span> nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> Ph\u00e1i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

16- L\u01b0u Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> b\u1ea5t \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

17- \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ecb:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

18- T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng ly c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

19- Th\u1ebf T\u1ed1c<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

20- Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0ng di\u1ec5n ra theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/span><\/p>\n

21- Th\u1eddi:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> trong ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

22- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/span> trong kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

23- S\u1ed1:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c nh\u01b0: m\u1ed9t, hai, ba, b\u1ed1n …<\/span><\/p>\n

24- H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> do nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma t\u1ea1p t\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 2, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 31, trang 700 , 701).<\/span><\/p>\n

D- D\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> quan v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> Quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> trong quy lu\u1eadt<\/span> \u201c\u0110\u1ed9ng\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span> b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn<\/span>, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> Quan.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p\u201d \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00e0o? N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/span> trung gian<\/span> gi\u1eefa V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> v\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> t\u1eebng Ph\u00e1p n\u00f3 v\u1eabn tu\u00e2n theo<\/span> qui lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d \u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa n\u00ean t\u00f9y theo<\/span> m\u1ed7i lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy k\u1ebft v\u00e0o Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui k\u1ebft v\u00e0o V\u00f4 Vi ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo \u0110\u00f4ng S\u01a1n B\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 Vi ph\u00e1p<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u00f3a \u0110\u1ecba B\u1ed9<\/span> l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng T\u1ee9 V\u00f4 S\u1eafc<\/span> l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> S\u1ef1 v. v… \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i V\u00f4 Vi ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A-T\u1ef3-\u0110\u1ea1t-Ma-ph\u00e1p-y\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u1ea1i x\u1ebfp to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean Lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ebfu quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/span> th\u00ec trong \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u1ea3 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi ph\u00e1p<\/span>. Hay ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ebd thu nhi\u1ebfp c\u1ea3 \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d, V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> v\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean<\/span> r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG S\u00c1U <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef0 PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I C\u00c1C PH\u00c1P, \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG BI\u1ec2U BI\u1ec6T C\u1ee6A TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

I- \u00dd NGH\u0128A<\/span> CH\u1eee PH\u00c1P <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 PH\u00c1P. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef<\/span> \u201cnh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef \u201cPh\u00e1p\u201d l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ef1-t\u00ednh-nh\u1eadm-tr\u00ec\u201d, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i \u201cPh\u00e1p\u201d c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> ch\u00fa th\u00edch Duy-th\u1ee9c-thu\u1eadt -k\u00fd-nh\u1ea5t- b\u1ea3n, quy\u1ec3n I (\u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh 43, trang 8, h\u1ea1) l\u1ea1i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn-th\u1ee9c-lu\u1eadn n\u1eefa b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef<\/span> \u201cqu\u1ec9-sinh-v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ch\u1eef \u201cPh\u00e1p\u201d. Hai t\u1eeb ng\u1eef<\/span> tr\u00ean h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: \u201cNh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cPH\u00c1P\u201d. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cPH\u00c1P\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0: \u201cKhi \u0111em ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u00e1i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y<\/span> n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> h\u01a1n l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee5-th\u1ec3-h\u00f3a c\u00e1i t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c PH\u00c1P \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec trong m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> hay t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc xanh, v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf… \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u00e0u tuy kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/span> bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh<\/span>, m\u1eebng, gi\u1eadn, th\u01b0\u01a1ng, vui v.v… m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t ri\u00eang, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span> t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do<\/span> ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> n\u00eau tr\u00ean n\u00ean khi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c PH\u00c1P c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i b\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M V\u1ec0 S\u1ef0 PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ef1c-t\u1ea1i-lu\u1eadn, tuy \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean l\u00fd th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c PH\u00c1P \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 theo lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 59 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh, 27, trang 306) v\u00e0 C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n I, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1eed theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1eed xem sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo B\u00e0 Sa<\/span>, C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> th\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e2u: \u201cNhi\u1ebfp t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>, ly th\u1eadt t\u00ednh\u201d; theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u00e2u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 x\u1ebfp chung nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, n\u00ean th\u1ed1ng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m s\u1edf\u201d. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gom chung th\u00e0nh \u201cs\u1eafc ph\u00e1p\u201d. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t th\u00ec nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ef1 lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi tha lo\u1ea1i. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy t\u1eafc<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng theo B\u00e0-Sa lu\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u1eeb H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> sau kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u201cNg\u0169 V\u1ecb\u201d (s\u1eafc-ph\u00e1p, t\u00e2m-ph\u00e1p, t\u00e2m-s\u1edf, t\u00e2m-b\u1ea5t-t\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u01b0\u01a1ng-h\u00e0nh-ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 v\u00f4-vi-ph\u00e1p), t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span>, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> nh\u01b0 Ng\u0169-U\u1ea9n, Th\u1eadp-nh\u1ecb-x\u1ee9, Th\u1eadp-b\u00e1t-gi\u1edbi, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u201ctam khoa\u201d n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tham v\u1ecdng<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng khoa h\u1ecdc trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c PH\u00c1P.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> TH\u1ef0C, GI\u1ea2, theo Thuy\u1ebft Gi\u00e0 B\u1ed9 th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo \u201cTam Khoa\u201d (U\u1ea9n, X\u1ee9, Gi\u1edbi) b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng qua l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, v\u00ec th\u1ebf h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3. Theo Kinh-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng-b\u1ed9 th\u00ec, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u1eadp-nh\u1ecb-x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> (gi\u1ea3), ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo Th\u1eadp-b\u00e1t-gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/span>. Ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span>, lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee7<\/span> C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng: Th\u1eadp-nh\u1ecb-x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 Th\u1eadp-b\u00e1t-gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/span>, c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo Tam Khoa<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

III- NH\u1eacN X\u00c9T<\/span> V\u1ec0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P<\/span> PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c T\u01b0\u01a1ng Nhi\u1ebfp n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 c\u1ef1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> theo nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span>, Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> chia v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: H\u1eefu-vi-ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 v\u00f4-vi-ph\u00e1p. Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ra hai ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean. V\u1ec1 sau A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma-ph\u00e1p-y\u1ebfu-lu\u1eadn c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span>. Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span>, khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> chia th\u00e0nh hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> H\u1eefu L\u1eadu<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng sau l\u1ea1i chia th\u00e0nh ra H\u1eefu Vi<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> (C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n I). Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee7<\/span> C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span>, Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span>, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i chia t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> th\u00e0nh Nh\u1ea5t-U\u1ea9n, Nh\u1ea5t-X\u1ee9, Nh\u1ea5t-Gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0 ba khoa (C\u00e2u-x\u00e1-lu\u1eadn quy\u1ec3n I). Trong S\u1eafc U\u1ea9n<\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>, trong \u00dd nh\u1eefng X\u1ee9 g\u1ed3m th\u00e2u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>, v\u00e0 trong ph\u00e1p-gi\u1edbi bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t-t\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u01b0ng, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> theo c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: V\u1eadt, T\u00e2m v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma-ph\u00e1p-y\u1ebfu-lu\u1eadn (8, 13) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, theo \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh: Danh (t\u00e2m), S\u1eafc (v\u1eadt) v\u00e0 Thi Thi\u1ebft (kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m v\u00e0 V\u1eadt), ba lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u1ea5t. Thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y chia v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> th\u00e0nh S\u1eafc (v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>), Th\u1ecd (c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/span>, c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh<\/span>), T\u01b0\u1edfng (bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng\u2026), H\u00e0nh (\u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span>) v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c (ng\u1ed9 t\u00ednh<\/span>, th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1c) t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i. Trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 S\u1eafc, b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n thuy\u1ebft \u201cL\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ea1i Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi\u201d tuy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0 thuy\u1ebft<\/span> Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> ngang h\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span>. Thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y chia v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> ra l\u00e0m 6 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u0110\u1ecba, Th\u1ee7y, H\u1ecfa, Phong, Kh\u00f4ng, Th\u1ee9c. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span>, thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c, 5 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span>. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong A-H\u00e0m B\u1ed9, \u0110\u1ea1i-gi\u1edbi-kinh (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh, I, trang 723).<\/span><\/p>\n

Thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n V\u00f4 Vi ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn ph\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u00eam V\u00f4 Vi ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft<\/span> cho thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n b\u1ecb h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam V\u00f4 Vi ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0o thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ng\u1ed9 Nh\u1eadp<\/span>, T\u00f4n s\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span>. Trong Nh\u1eadp-a-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma-lu\u1eadn, Ng\u1ed9 Nh\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 th\u00eam v\u00e0o Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span> ba ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, Phi Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u01b0 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi<\/span>. Ng\u1ed9 Nh\u1eadp<\/span> mu\u1ed1n chia v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u00e1m c\u00fa ngh\u0129a<\/span> (Thi\u1ec7n th\u1ec7<\/span> chi t\u00f4ng h\u1eefu B\u00e1t c\u00fa ngh\u0129a<\/span>): 1) S\u1eafc, 2) Th\u1ee5, 3) T\u01b0\u1edfng, 4) H\u00e0nh, 5) Th\u1ee9c, 6) H\u01b0 Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, 7) Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, 8) Phi Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span> (Nh\u1eadp-a-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma-lu\u1eadn quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 28, trang 980).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn A-T\u1ef3-\u0110\u1ea1t-Ma Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 3 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTam Khoa Ph\u00e2n Lo\u1ea1i\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span>, Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb X\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u1eadp B\u00e1t Gi\u1edbi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i b\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

IV- NH\u1eeeNG PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I TI\u00caU BI\u1ec2U<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

A- M\u01b0\u1eddi hai x\u1ee9<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n I c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> th\u00e0nh v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 12 lo\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb X\u1ee9<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c C\u0103n<\/span> X\u1ee9: <\/b>Nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span> x\u1ee9, Nh\u0129 c\u0103n<\/span> x\u1ee9, T\u1ef7 c\u0103n<\/span> x\u1ee9, Thi\u1ec7t c\u0103n<\/span> x\u1ee9, Th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span> X\u1ee9, \u00dd c\u0103n<\/span> x\u1ee9<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee5c C\u1ea3nh<\/span> X\u1ee9:<\/b>S\u1eafc x\u1ee9<\/span>,Thanh x\u1ee9, H\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9, V\u1ecb x\u1ee9, X\u00fac x\u1ee9, Ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> l\u1ee5c c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Theo nh\u01b0<\/span> b\u1ea3ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> tr\u00ean ng\u0169 c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 \u00dd C\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p X\u1ee9<\/span> h\u01a1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> n\u00ean c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> cho r\u00f5 h\u01a1n. \u00dd trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u0103n v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p. N\u00f3i ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p<\/span> X\u1ee9 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u00e1p\u201d v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span> kh\u00e1ch quan \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00dd C\u0103n<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. (T\u1ea1p A-H\u00e0m quy\u1ec3n 13, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 2, trang 91).<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb X\u1ee9<\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i l\u1eadp ri\u00eang Ph\u00e1p X\u1ee9<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00dd C\u0103n<\/span> chi v\u1eady? \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y xin tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 73 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 380) c\u00f3 11 l\u00fd do<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ H\u1eefu th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span>, 2\/ B\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng<\/span> danh v\u00f4 c\u1ed1<\/span>, 3\/ Sinh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, 4\/ T\u1ee9 h\u1eefu vi t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, 5\/ Danh, c\u00fa, v\u0103n, th\u00e2n duy \u01b0 th\u1eed x\u1ee9 nhi\u1ebfp c\u1ed1, 6\/ Th\u00f4ng sinh ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ed1, 7\/ Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00f4n<\/span>, 8\/ Tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, 9\/ Nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c gi\u1ea3i tu\u1ec7, di\u1ec7c duy nhi\u1ebfp \u01b0 th\u1eed x\u1ee9 c\u1ed1, 10\/ Nhi\u1ebfp \u0111a ph\u00e1p c\u1ed1, 11\/ \u0110\u1ed1i \u00fd x\u1ee9<\/span> c\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 ba l\u00fd do<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: 1\/ V\u1ecb sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span>, 2\/ Nhi\u1ebfp \u0111a, 3\/ T\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ph\u00e1p, c\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t danh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p X\u1ee9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> hay nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span> nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kho\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea1i Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb X\u1ee9<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ra 18 gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 6 C\u0103n c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 6 C\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 6 Th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh ra 18 gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u201cPh\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> l\u00e0: \u201cCh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p v\u1ecb<\/span> \u00fd d\u0129 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng<\/span>, th\u1ecb danh \u201cPh\u00e1p Gi\u1edbi\u201d (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 71, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 370).<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1eefa \u00dd C\u0103n<\/span> Gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> nh\u01b0ng theo s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> th\u00ec \u201c\u00dd C\u0103n Gi\u1edbi\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1eeb d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 T\u00e2m \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>; \u201c\u00dd Th\u1ee9c Gi\u1edbi\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1eeb d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span>, suy lu\u1eadn<\/span>… ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u00f3 3 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 U\u1ea9n<\/span>, M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai X\u1ee9<\/span> v\u00e0 M\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e1m Gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tam Khoa<\/span> Ph\u00e2n Lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> B\u00e0 Sa lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 71, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 366).<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Hai M\u01b0\u01a1i Hai C\u0103n<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u201cNh\u1ecb th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb<\/span> c\u0103n lu\u1eadn\u201d c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9u t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn. Theo c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 T\u1ef3 Ba L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span>, lu\u1eadn b\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> lu\u1eadn quy\u1ec3n 5 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 28, trang 560), B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 143 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 729), C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 3 – 7… \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1ecb th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb c\u0103n<\/span> (hai m\u01b0\u01a1i hai c\u0103n), theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span>, nh\u0129 c\u0103n<\/span>, t\u1ef7 c\u0103n<\/span>, thi\u1ec7t c\u0103n<\/span>, th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span>, \u00fd c\u0103n<\/span>, n\u1eef c\u0103n<\/span>, nam c\u0103n<\/span>, m\u1ec7nh c\u0103n<\/span>, l\u1ea1c c\u0103n<\/span>, kh\u1ed5 c\u0103n<\/span>, h\u1ef7 c\u0103n, \u01b0u c\u0103n, x\u1ea3 c\u0103n, t\u00edn c\u0103n<\/span>, c\u1ea7n c\u0103n<\/span>, ni\u1ec7m c\u0103n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n<\/span>, tu\u1ec7 c\u0103n<\/span>, v\u1ecb tri \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u0103n<\/span>, d\u0129 tri c\u0103n<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 tri c\u0103n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> th\u00ec s\u00e1u c\u0103n \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 ch\u1ed7 y ch\u1ec9<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Hai c\u0103n \u201cnam\u201d, \u201cn\u1eef\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1i t\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>, \u201cm\u1ec7nh c\u0103n\u201d ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a sinh m\u1ec7nh<\/span>. T\u1eeb c\u0103n n\u00e0y t\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1p da c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span> t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m. Nh\u1eefng \u201cC\u0103n\u201d c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ecnh tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 Th\u1ee5<\/span> C\u0103n li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>. Sau \u0111\u00f3 lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee7<\/span> n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00e1c c\u0103n n\u00ean thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u0103n nh\u01b0 T\u00edn<\/span>, C\u1ea7n, Ni\u1ec7m, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tu\u1ec7. Sau c\u00f9ng lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee7<\/span> thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> v\u1ec1 3 c\u0103n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> Hai M\u01b0\u01a1i Hai C\u0103n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u00e2m s\u1edf y<\/span>, th\u1eed bi\u1ec7t, th\u1eed tr\u1ee5, th\u1eed t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, th\u1eed t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, th\u1eed t\u1ecbnh: do th\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1eadp c\u0103n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 3, s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee7<\/span> thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> ra Hai M\u01b0\u01a1i Hai C\u0103n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp<\/span> ra nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u201cL\u01b0u Chuy\u1ec3n Ho\u00e0n Di\u1ec7t\u201d trong v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo L\u00e2n K\u00fd trong T\u1ee5ng S\u1edb th\u00ec n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng B\u1ed9<\/span> (Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ec7<\/span> B\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t, trang 224). Do \u0111\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ta th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span>, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn gia<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> n\u00ean h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> h\u01a1n. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span> thu\u1ed9c H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft ra thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> 500 n\u0103m sau Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 chia ra nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> th\u00e0nh ra 5 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: S\u1eafc, T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span>, T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y xin tr\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Bi\u1ec7n Ng\u0169 S\u1ef1<\/span> trong Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f3 n\u0103m ph\u00e1p: 1\/ S\u1eafc, 2\/ T\u00e2m, 3\/ T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>, 4\/ T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span>, 5\/ V\u00f4 vi ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eafc l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc<\/span> v\u00e0 do b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. B\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0: \u0110\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eeda, gi\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 Nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span>, Nh\u0129 c\u0103n<\/span>, T\u1ef7 c\u0103n<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7t c\u0103n<\/span>, Th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span>, S\u1eafc, Thanh, H\u01b0\u01a1ng, V\u1ecb, X\u00fac v\u00e0 \u201cV\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 t\u00e2m, \u00fd, th\u1ee9c. T\u00e2m, \u00fd, th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 l\u1ee5c-th\u1ee9c-th\u00e2n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span>, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0: th\u1ee5, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, x\u00fac, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, d\u1ee5c, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ecbnh, tu\u1ec7, t\u00edn, c\u1ea7n, t\u1ea7m, t\u1eeb, ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span>, thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>, v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> c\u0103n, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft<\/span> k\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span>, th\u00f9y mi\u00ean, t\u00f9y phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, tri\u1ec1n, ch\u01b0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> tr\u00ed, ch\u01b0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> ki\u1ebfn, ch\u01b0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span> hi\u1ec7n quan… Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> Ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> s\u1ef1, m\u1ec7nh c\u0103n<\/span>, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eadn<\/span>, y \u0111\u1eafc, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc, x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eafc, sinh, l\u00e3o, tr\u1ee5, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> t\u00ednh, danh th\u00e2n<\/span>, c\u00fa th\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u0103n th\u00e2n<\/span>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 vi<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 ba v\u00f4 vi<\/span>: H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t<\/span>, tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1i t\u00fac lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n I, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 26, trang 692).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tuy r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng cho H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1i Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nh\u01b0ng trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> sau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma-ph\u00e1p-y\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a A N\u00e2u L\u00e2u \u0110\u00e0<\/span> v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 8 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 12.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong quy\u1ec3n I n\u00f3i \u201cPh\u00e1p c\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: 1\/ T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span>, 2\/ T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>, 3\/ Th\u00f4 s\u1eafc, t\u1ebf s\u1eafc<\/span>, 4\/ Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> (v\u00f4 vi<\/span>). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf so v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span> thi\u1ebfu m\u1ea5t \u201cT\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c<\/span> lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cThi thi\u1ebft\u201d, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span>. N\u1ebfu \u0111em \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> h\u00e0nh\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cnh\u00e2n duy\u00ean ph\u00e1p\u201d c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> m\u00e0 thu t\u00f3m v\u00e0o \u201cThi thi\u1ebft\u201d, \u201ckh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cquan ni\u1ec7m\u201d c\u1ee7a A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma-ph\u00e1p-y\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng A N\u00e2u L\u00e2u \u0110\u00e0<\/span> c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span> hay kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. Tuy r\u1eb1ng Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trong Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u00f3. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t<\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> thu nhi\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o v\u00e0o trong Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span>. \u0110\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau m\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 sau Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> Ph\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> m\u00e0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> 100 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1ed9 Nh\u1eadp<\/span> trong Nh\u1eadp A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma lu\u1eadn<\/span> tuy b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra<\/span> \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean trong \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> trong l\u00fac li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh<\/span> 77 Ph\u00e1p, tuy th\u1ebf<\/span> v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ra 75 Ph\u00e1p li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> v\u00e0o trong Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

E- B\u1ea3y M\u01b0\u01a1i L\u0103m Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n ra 75 Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- V\u00f4 Vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 3:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, Tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, Phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- H\u1eefu Vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 25:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Chia l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i: S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 11 v\u00e0 T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00f3 14 lo\u1ea1i.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 11 lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/b>: Ng\u0169 c\u0103n<\/span> (nh\u00e3n, nh\u0129, t\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n); Ng\u0169 c\u1ea3nh<\/span> (s\u1eafc, thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac) v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00f3 14 lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/b>: \u0110\u1eafc, phi \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eadn, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3<\/span>, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, m\u1ec7nh c\u0103n<\/span>, sinh, tr\u1ee5, d\u1ecb, di\u1ec7t, danh th\u00e2n<\/span>, c\u00fa th\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u0103n th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- T\u00e2m Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 1:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> (Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span>, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, m\u1ea1t na th\u1ee9c<\/span>, a l\u1ea1i ya th\u1ee9c).<\/span><\/p>\n

4- T\u00e2m s\u1edf h\u1eefu Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 46:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Chia l\u00e0m 6 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 10<\/span><\/b>: Th\u1ee5, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, x\u00fac, d\u1ee5c, tu\u1ec7, ni\u1ec7m, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, tam ma \u0111\u1ecba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- \u0110\u1ea1i thi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 10<\/span><\/b>: T\u00edn, c\u1ea7n, x\u1ea3, t\u00e0m, qu\u00fd, v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i<\/span>, khinh an<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- \u0110\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 6<\/span><\/b>: V\u00f4 minh<\/span>, ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span>, b\u1ea5t t\u00edn<\/span>, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m<\/span>, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 2<\/span><\/b>: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

e- Ti\u1ec3u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 10<\/span><\/b>: Ph\u1eabn, ph\u00fa, xan, t\u1eadt, n\u00e3o, h\u1ea1i, h\u1eadn, si\u1ec3m, cu\u1ed3ng, ki\u00eau.<\/span><\/p>\n

f- B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 8<\/span><\/b>: \u00c1c t\u00e1c<\/span>, th\u00f9y mi\u00ean, t\u1ea7m, t\u1eeb, tham, s\u00e2n, m\u1ea1n, si.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam t\u00fac th\u00ec trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh Ph\u00e1p<\/span> trong T\u00e2m s\u1edf H\u1eefu Ph\u00e1p<\/span>. \u0110\u1ebfn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> K\u00fd c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 Quang<\/span> m\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh Ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u00e0 8. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u00c1c t\u00e1c<\/span>, th\u00f9y mi\u00ean, t\u00e2m, t\u1eeb, tham, s\u00e2n, m\u1ea1n, si. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 75 Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> T\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 V\u1ecb<\/span> v\u1edbi 100 Ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

F- M\u1ed9t Tr\u0103m Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p, sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 100 Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng cho Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> T\u00f4n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c T\u00f4n ph\u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i hay v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Tr\u0103m Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> 100 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh<\/span> 5 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- T\u00e2m Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 8:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, T\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c<\/span>, Th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, M\u1ea1t Na th\u1ee9c<\/span>, A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- T\u00e2m S\u1edf H\u1eefu Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 51:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m 6 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Bi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00f3 5<\/span><\/b>: X\u00fac, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Bi\u1ec7t C\u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u00f3 5<\/span><\/b>: D\u1ee5c, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 11<\/span><\/b>: T\u00edn, t\u00e0m, qu\u00ed, v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00f4 si<\/span>, tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span>, khinh an<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span>, h\u00e0nh x\u1ea3<\/span>, b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span> c\u00f3 6<\/span><\/b>: Tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n, nghi, \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> (\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u00f3 5: th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, bi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7<\/span>, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

e- T\u00f9y Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span> c\u00f3 20<\/span><\/b>: Chia l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec3u t\u00f9y c\u00f3 10: Ph\u1eabn, h\u1eadn, ph\u00fa, n\u00e3o, t\u1eadt, xan, cu\u1ed1ng, si\u1ec3m, h\u1ea1i, ki\u00eau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trung t\u00f9y c\u00f3 2: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i T\u00f9y<\/span> c\u00f3 8: Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span>, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m<\/span>, b\u1ea5t t\u00edn<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span>, ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span>, th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m<\/span>, t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh<\/span> tri.<\/span><\/p>\n

f- B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00f3 4<\/span><\/b>: H\u1ed1i, mi\u00ean, t\u1ea7m, t\u01b0.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- S\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 11 m\u00f3n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m c\u0103n: Nh\u00e3n c\u0103n<\/span>, nh\u0129 c\u0103n<\/span>, t\u1ef7 c\u0103n<\/span>, thi\u1ec7t c\u0103n<\/span>, th\u00e2n c\u0103n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n<\/span>: S\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, thinh tr\u1ea7n, h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, v\u1ecb tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, x\u00fac tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, ph\u00e1p tr\u1ea7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- T\u00e2m B\u1ea5t T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng H\u00e0nh<\/span> Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 24: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eafc, m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n<\/span>, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eadn<\/span>, di sinh t\u00e1nh, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> b\u00e1o, danh th\u00e2n<\/span>, c\u00fa th\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u0103n th\u00e2n<\/span>, sanh, tr\u1ee5, l\u00e3o, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ecb, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, th\u1ebf t\u1ed1c<\/span>, th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7<\/span>, th\u1eddi, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u1ed1, h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p t\u00e1nh<\/span>, b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a<\/span> h\u1ee3p t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- V\u00f4 Vi Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 6: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, Phi Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/span> Di\u1ec7t V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, T\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u1ecd Di\u1ec7t V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span> V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu<\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p n\u00eau tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/span> nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay. Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3, do \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa th\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0CH\u01af\u01a0NG B\u1ea2Y <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG THU\u1ed8C T\u00cdNH C\u1ee6A TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

I- T\u00cdNH THI\u1ec6N<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m nh\u01b0ng theo t\u00f4i th\u00ec v\u00ec th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch<\/span> lu\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o<\/span> ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0o b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t. Theo l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> trong c\u00e1c Kinh l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u1eefng lu\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u00e1nh m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, gi\u1eef t\u00e2m trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span>: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u1edf c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, T\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span> thi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Lu\u1eadn Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 8, ph\u1ea9m 100, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u2018\u2019B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh<\/span>, th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n. L\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vui th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea3o, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00fac\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>, khi ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n<\/span> cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac ta c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span>. Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u00efa l\u1ee3i tha<\/span> trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i<\/span>, l\u1ee3i tha<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n<\/span> trong ph\u00e1p t\u1eafc lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span>. Khi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 t\u0103ng th\u00eam h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span>, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n<\/span> (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> atthasalini p, 38, f. The expositor I, pp. 48-49).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 5 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 31 trang 26) c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y, \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i<\/span> \u00edch th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n\u2019\u2019. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i tha<\/span> trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> trong quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/span> kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian<\/span> chi ph\u1ed1i<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00f4 sinh<\/span>, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f3 h\u1eefu-l\u1eadu-Thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u00f4-l\u1eadu-Thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu-l\u1eadu-Thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> theo ngh\u0129a th\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c<\/span> t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng theo d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00f4ng gai<\/span> c\u1ea1m b\u1eaby<\/span> tr\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con Ph\u1eadt lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> x\u1ea3 ly m\u1ecdi d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span> \u1edf hi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf, tu t\u1ec9nh<\/span> t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1ed1i cao<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> v\u0129nh c\u1eedu<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 51 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 263) c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u201cNh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e9o gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u01b0a th\u00edch<\/span>, t\u00ednh an<\/span> \u1ed5n th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n. Kh\u00e9o gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ecf \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 \u01b0a th\u00edch<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ecf Kh\u1ed5, T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, t\u1ee9c h\u1eefu-l\u1eadu-Thi\u1ec7n, t\u00ednh an<\/span> \u1ed5n l\u00e0 t\u1ecf Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, qu\u1ea3 l\u1ea1c th\u1ee5<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea9y sinh ra m\u1ea7m m\u00f3ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, m\u1ea7m m\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n …\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n d\u00f9 l\u00e0 h\u1eefu-l\u1eadu-Thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng sau c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu Thi\u1ec7n<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> trong gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- T\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta<\/span> t\u00ecm ra<\/span> T\u00e2m C\u0103n<\/span> T\u00ednh Thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span> t\u00f9y theo<\/span> lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 l\u00fd<\/span> lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 51 (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 17, trang 2630 ) th\u00ec t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0m, qu\u00fd, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00f4 si<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> thi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> l\u1ea5y t\u00e0m, qu\u00fd l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, theo s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a A T\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1t Ma<\/span>, \u2018\u2019t\u00e0m\u2019\u2019 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u00e2m trong \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> hay l\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n<\/span> v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng tri<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1ee3 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span>, hay l\u00e0 th\u1eb9n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi (Theo lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 3).<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean th\u00ec theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m<\/span>. B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> quan c\u1ee7a A T\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> l\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m<\/span> l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span>, l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c quan<\/span> ph\u00e1i. Theo A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1eeb h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> t\u00e0m v\u00e0 qu\u00fd \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i<\/span>, l\u1ee3i tha<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> Thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0<\/span> sau: (1) t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>, (2) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, (3) \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span>, (4) th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u00f3i theo l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> lu\u1eadn, c\u00f2n th\u1eafng- ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span> t\u1ed1i cao<\/span>. T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, l\u1ea5y t\u00e2m l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0 do t\u1eeb t\u00e2m<\/span> c\u0103n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi kh\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3c qua c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb. N\u1ebfu \u0111i s\u00e2u th\u00eam n\u1eefa th\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ? Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau. Ta h\u00e3y nghe m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 sau: Theo V\u1ee5 T\u00f4n Gi\u1ea3<\/span> th\u00ec: \u201cT\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e0m, Qu\u00fd hay ba thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>. \u0110\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> (b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh<\/span>) v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> do hai nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> an \u1ed5n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Hi\u1ebfp T\u00f4n Gi\u1ea3<\/span> thu\u1ed9c H\u1eefu B\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec: \u201cNh\u01b0 l\u00fd t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> (ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>) l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, phi l\u00fd<\/span> t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi (\u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span>) v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng l\u01b0u qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1ed7i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> (lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 51, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 263).<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ef1-do-\u00fd-ch\u00ed trong tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span> T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0i x\u00edch<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n-\u00fd-lu\u1eadn, t\u1ea1o-t\u00e1c-lu\u1eadn, ng\u1eabu-nhi\u00ean-lu\u1eadn. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn<\/span> s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> h\u1eadu thi\u00ean<\/span>, th\u01b0\u1eddng cho h\u1eefu \u00fd<\/span> (t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>) l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span>, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3<\/span>. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span> m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 l\u1ebd t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> sinh ra trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ecd v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf khi\u1ebfn ta ph\u1ea3i suy lu\u1eadn<\/span> ra r\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3<\/span>, c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 trong A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd-ch\u00ed-lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do<\/span> lu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span> ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n<\/span> n\u1eefa t\u1ef1 do<\/span> \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ti\u1ec1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>. Ch\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y vai tr\u00f2<\/span> t\u00e0ng tr\u1eef nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> trong t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, ng\u00e3 d\u1ee5c t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong s\u00e1ng<\/span> ti\u1ebfn tu<\/span> tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 hai lu\u1eadn b\u1ed9 Nam ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 si<\/span> l\u00e0 3 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> l\u00e0 T\u00e0m v\u00e0 Qu\u00fd. Lu\u1eadn n\u1ea7y cho r\u1eb1ng hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 4 th\u00ec T\u00e0m c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng cung k\u00ednh<\/span>. C\u00f2n Qu\u00fd l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y<\/span> s\u1ee3 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m<\/span> theo gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> t\u00f9y theo<\/span> m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 10, \u0111\u1ebfn Duy Th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 11, A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu<\/span> lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a A N\u00e2u L\u00e2u \u0110\u00e0<\/span> l\u00e0 19, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Duy Th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00f3 11 m\u00f3n nh\u01b0 sau: T\u00edn, t\u00e0m, qu\u00fd, v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00f4 si<\/span>, tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span>, khinh an<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span>, h\u00e0nh x\u00e3, b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edn: L\u00e0 tin, \u0111\u1ee9c tin<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 Tam B\u1ea3o<\/span>, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span> v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Ni\u1ec1m tin<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong s\u00e1ng<\/span> v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tinh-ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t-ph\u00f3ng-d\u1eadt: Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec tinh ti\u1ebfn<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> h\u0103ng h\u00e1i<\/span> d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n. B\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 thu nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. Hai m\u00f3n n\u1ea7y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span> l\u1ef1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khinh an<\/span> v\u00e0 X\u1ea3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n<\/span> c\u0169ng thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, r\u1ed7ng rang kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc<\/span> m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m khinh an<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng A N\u1eadu L\u00e2u \u0110\u00e0<\/span> th\u00ec chia hai th\u00e0nh T\u00e2m<\/span> khinh an<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u00e2n khinh an<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

X\u1ea3 c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> khinh an<\/span> v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb bu\u1ed3n phi\u1ec1n<\/span> n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n<\/span>, ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t sinh ra nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i<\/span>: Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tha nh\u00e2n<\/span>. N\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u1ea3m, t\u1eeb l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb<\/span> bi chan ch\u1ee9a<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>. T\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u00f3 g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 chung kh\u1edfi. \u0110\u00f3 m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 trong lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> v.v… ghi r\u1eb1ng khi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f3 22 m\u00f3n t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> c\u00f9ng sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1eadp-\u0110\u1ea1i-\u0110\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, Th\u1eadp-thi\u1ec7n-\u0110\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, T\u1ea7m v\u00e0 T\u01b0 (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 4).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cA T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> chia t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u01b0\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00c1i v\u00e0 T\u1eeb Bi<\/span>, l\u00fd do<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? Hai m\u00f3n n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 hai thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> nh\u01b0ng theo A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span> th\u00ec gi\u1eefa \u00c1i v\u00e0 T\u1eeb Bi<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 khu bi\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb Bi<\/span> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9c cao \u0111\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf b\u1edfi th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ee9c m\u1ee5c do tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i-thi\u1ec7n-\u0110\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c1i tuy c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> \u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>; c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u00e1i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1eadc t\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edfng\u2019\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i<\/span> (theo ngh\u0129a th\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n gian<\/span>) kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m<\/span> s\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00ednh \u00e1i<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u201cT\u00edn\u2019\u2019 do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 ri\u00eang m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i-thi\u1ec7n-\u0110\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p (Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 4).<\/span><\/p>\n

II- T\u00cdNH B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

A- B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Akusalamula (sanscrit)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Anh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: Contrary to the right and harmful to present and future life.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p: Mal, mauvais<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt: Fusen<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef Nho c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb nh\u01b0: Ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch<\/span>, th\u1eadp \u00e1c<\/span>, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span>, phi lu\u1eadt nghi<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> gi\u1edbi\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0nh, \u00e1c. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi l\u00fd, l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i<\/span>, l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1ch Nho c\u00f3 c\u00e2u r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p \u00fd v\u1edbi kinh Ph\u1eadt: \u201cT\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1ng chi b\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> gi\u00e1ng chi b\u00e1 \u01b0\u01a1ng (l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh th\u00ec tr\u1eddi (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span>) cho tr\u0103m s\u1ef1 ph\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee3i, l\u00e0m \u00e1c th\u00ec tr\u1eddi b\u1eaft ch\u1ecbu tr\u0103m s\u1ef1 tai h\u1ecda<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec7n, \u00c1c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span>, th\u1eddi gian<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi<\/span> gi\u1eefa thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1eed tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 minh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> cho r\u00f5 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 8, ph\u1ea9m Tam Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> 100 n\u00f3i: \u201c\u2026 N\u1ebfu k\u1ebb l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c<\/span> h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u00e2m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 5, (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 31, trang 26): \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu\u1eadn \u00edch cho \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn \u00edch cho \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n. L\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y, \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. Qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/span> \u1edf \u00e1c th\u00fa<\/span>, tuy \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi t\u1ed5n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng vi t\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> g\u00e2y ra h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea3y ra nhi\u1ec1u khi do ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00f4i khi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span> n\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn B\u00e0 Sa<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 51, khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00e9o gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a th\u00edch<\/span>, t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> an \u1ed5n<\/span>, th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng Ph\u00e1p chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m<\/span> qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5 th\u1ee5<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ecf Kh\u1ed5, T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, t\u1ee9c m\u1ecdi \u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span>. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn sinh v\u00e0o \u00e1c th\u00fa<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecda L\u01b0u-chuy\u1ec3n-ph\u1ea9m, t\u00ednh n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> … (B\u00e0 Sa Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 51, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00ednh 27, trang 263).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 l\u1eadu thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- T\u00ednh b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> tr\u00edch trong kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span> Pali (theo Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n tr\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

1- Kinh Majjhima Nik\u00e0ya<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 16 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Abhijjh\u00e0 visama lobha (th\u00e8m thu\u1ed3ng<\/span>, th\u00e8m mu\u1ed1n<\/span>, tham lam<\/span>, khao kh\u00e1t, th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Vy\u00e0p\u00e0da (x\u1ea5u b\u1ee5ng<\/span>, \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span>, \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, hi\u1ec3m \u00e1c<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Kodha (t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, gi\u1eadn d\u1eef<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Upan\u00e0ha (th\u00f9 h\u1eadn, th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch<\/span>, \u00e1c c\u1ea3m<\/span>, h\u1eadn th\u00f9<\/span>, h\u1eb1n h\u1ecdc<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Makkha (th\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9<\/span>, cu\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1o<\/span>, m\u00ea cu\u1ed3ng n\u1ed5i xung gi\u1eadn \u0111i\u00ean)<\/span><\/p>\n

Pal\u00e0sa (hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span>, th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, x\u1ea3o tr\u00e1)<\/span><\/p>\n

Iss\u00e0 (ghen tu\u00f4ng, ghen t\u1ecb, ghen h\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5<\/span>, ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Macchariya (h\u00e1m l\u1ee3i, tham, h\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0y\u00e0 (d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1<\/span>, l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o<\/span>, l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t, l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp, l\u1ecdc l\u1eeba<\/span>, l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e0theyya (ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, ph\u1ee5 b\u1ea1c, b\u1ed9i b\u1ea1c, l\u1eeba l\u1ecdc, d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Thambha (ngoan c\u1ed1<\/span>, b\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec9nh, c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span>, kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o, dai d\u1eb3ng<\/span>, kh\u00f3 ch\u1eefa)<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e0rambha (b\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3ng, h\u0103ng ti\u1ebft)<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0na (m\u1ea1n, t\u1ef1 cao, t\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o, ki\u00eau h\u00e3nh, h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Atim\u00e0na (ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o<\/span>, t\u1ef1 cao t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1ef1 cho l\u00e0 c\u00e1i r\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Mada (say s\u01b0a, d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c<\/span> qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Pam\u00e0da (l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng, bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

2-Kinh Samyutta Nik\u00e0ya<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh Samyutta Nik\u00e0ya c\u00f3 n\u0103m m\u00f3n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m<\/span> b\u1ea9n d\u01a1, \u00f4 u\u1ebf (cittassa, upakkiles\u00e0), n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> (panca-nivaran\u00e0) nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00e0macchanda (k\u00edch th\u00edch<\/span>, k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ee5c t\u00ednh<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Vy\u00e0p\u00e0da (\u00e1c c\u1ea3m<\/span>, \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span>, \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ecnamiddha (u\u1ec3 o\u1ea3i<\/span>, l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng, m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Uddhacca-kukkuccca (n\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i<\/span>, x\u00f4n xao, lo l\u1eafng<\/span>, lo \u00e2u<\/span>, phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Vicikicch\u00e0 (nghi ng\u1edd<\/span>, ng\u1edd v\u1ef1c<\/span>, nghi ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, h\u1ed3 nghi<\/span>, l\u00fang t\u00fang<\/span>, r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i<\/span>, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span>, l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> (akusala-m\u00f9la) k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ba g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Lobha (tham lam<\/span>, th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Dosa (\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, \u00e1c t\u00e2m<\/span>, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Moha (h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n<\/span>, ngu si<\/span>, m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n<\/span>, ngu xu\u1ea9n<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Kinh Dhammapada<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng theo Ph\u1ea1m C\u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7n tr\u00edch v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hay nh\u1ea5t, phong ph\u00fa<\/span> nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kinh Dhammapada nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f9rangamam ekacaram<\/span><\/p>\n

Asar\u00ecram guh\u00e0sayam<\/span><\/p>\n

Ye cittam sannamessanti<\/span><\/p>\n

Mokkhanti m\u00e0rabandhan\u00e0<\/span><\/p>\n

(C\u00e1i t\u00e2m \u0111i rong ch\u01a1i<\/span> th\u1eadt xa, lang thang c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i<\/span>, n\u1eb1m \u1ea9n d\u1ee5<\/span> trong hang s\u00e2u. K\u1ebb n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c<\/span> t\u00e2m \u1ea5y th\u00ec kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb ma tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m \u1ea5y th\u00ec b\u1ecb ma tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span>, theo d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/span> x\u1ea5u \u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- T\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m c\u0103n? V\u00ec Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 lu\u1eadn trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c<\/span> thay v\u00ec ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> d\u0129 nhi\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu v\u00f4 tham<\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n<\/span>, v\u00f4 si<\/span> l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i tham, s\u00e2n, si l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa n\u1ebfu v\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e0m, qu\u00fd l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m b\u00ean trong n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1i-b\u1ea5t-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi; m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1i-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 11 th\u00ec b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 11. Ngo\u00e0i thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ra, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span> c\u00f2n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, song, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> lu\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/span> gi\u1eefa b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft minh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Gi\u1edbi-th\u00e2n-t\u00fac lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf-H\u1eefu, tuy c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ea1i-phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ec3u-phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn Ph\u1ea9m-lo\u1ea1i-t\u00fac lu\u1eadn th\u00ec tuy c\u00f3 th\u00eam Th\u1eadp-\u0111\u1ea1i-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1i-t\u1ef3-b\u00e0-sa-lu\u1eadn m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> b\u1ea5t-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y n\u0103m t\u00e2m-s\u1edf v\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd<\/span>, v\u00f4 minh<\/span>, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span> l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ebfn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec v\u00f4 minh<\/span>, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m<\/span>, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i-phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba \u2013ph\u00e1p-ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i hai l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ebfn Duy th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec v\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd<\/span> l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu v\u00e0o t\u00f9y-phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o, do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp<\/span> cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t h\u1eb3n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111em \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u1edbi Lu\u1eadn b\u1ed9 Nam Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> th\u00ec trong A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma-ph\u00e1p-y\u1ebfu-lu\u1eadn, tuy c\u00f3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea<\/span> th\u1eadp-t\u1ee9-\u0111\u1ea1i-b\u1ea5t-thi\u1ec7n-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o-\u0111\u1ecba-ph\u00e1p, b\u1edfi th\u1ebf, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng qua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c \u0111i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t-thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ea5t l\u1edd m\u1edd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng danh t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u201cphi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> t\u00e2m c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPhi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o\u201d l\u00e0 g\u00ec, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu x\u00e9t theo ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec \u201cphi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o\u201d \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i<\/span>, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span> th\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf<\/span> l\u1edbn trong ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u xa<\/span> t\u1eeb V\u00f4 Minh<\/span> m\u00e0 ra. Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> l\u1ea5y ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, ng\u00e3 d\u1ee5c l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf, l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span> ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, ng\u00e3 d\u1ee5c l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> hay v\u00f4 \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh<\/span>. Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u00ednh tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span> lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 19, ph\u1ea9m T\u00f9y Mi\u00ean<\/span> (phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>) vi\u1ebft: T\u1ea1i sao T\u00f9y Mi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c? V\u00ec khi c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

(1) ki\u00ean c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> (do phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ki\u00ean c\u1ed1<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3), (2) l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>, (3) tr\u1ecb t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1n (nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho \u00fd, th\u00e2n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n<\/span>), (4) d\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb3ng l\u01b0u<\/span>, (5) Ph\u00e1t nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu<\/span>, (6) nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 (l\u00e0m t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> cho ch\u00ednh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>), (7) m\u00ea s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span>, (8) \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u01b0u, (9) vi\u1ec7t thi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea9m, ( 10) qu\u1ea3ng ph\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129a. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i t\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> trong nhi\u1ec1u kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> nh\u01b0: T\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span>, tri\u1ec1n, c\u00e1i, k\u1ebft \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1eed xem phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span> \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng theo c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 cho ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u1ea1t-ma thu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> lu\u1eadn, ph\u1ea9m Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span> (\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh, 28, trang 644) ta \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p, t\u1ee9c m\u1ed7i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span> l\u1eadp nh\u01b0: C\u1eady m\u00ecnh (khoe khoang), n\u1ecbnh h\u00f3t, t\u00e0 kinh, v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ea1i lo\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 tr\u00ean tr\u0103m th\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span> l\u00e0 hai ph\u00e1p, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111i song \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nhau<\/span> nh\u01b0: Th\u1ea5t-ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t-ch\u00e1nh-tri, v\u00f4-minh v\u00e0 h\u1eefu-\u00e1i, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 lo\u1ea1i. Ba ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0 tam t\u1eadp (trong, ngo\u00e0i, c\u1ea3 trong ngo\u00e0i), tam b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>, tam tri\u1ec1n (d\u1ee5c, hu\u1ec7, si), tam \u00e1i<\/span> (d\u1ee5c, h\u1eefu, v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span>), k\u1ec3 ra \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 m\u01b0\u1eddi v.v\u2026 (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> lu\u1eadn quy\u1ec3n 18-20).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> r\u1ea5t \u01b0 l\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p! Nh\u01b0ng ta th\u1eed x\u00e9t xem trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u1ea5y nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n?<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, B\u00e0 Sa lu\u1eadn<\/span>, T\u1ea1p T\u00e2m lu\u1eadn<\/span> v.v\u2026 th\u00ec c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> l\u00e0 10 lo\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u00e2y: B\u1ea5t t\u00edn<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span>, th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m<\/span>, t\u00e2m lo\u1ea1n, v\u00f4 minh<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh<\/span> tri, phi l\u00fd<\/span> t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, t\u00e0 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span>, ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span> (Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 2, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 26, trang 698).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec b\u1ecf b\u1edbt \u0111i 4 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0: T\u00e0 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, phi l\u00fd<\/span> t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh<\/span> tri, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 6. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec 4 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ngo\u00e0i t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> trong Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ecba Ph\u00e1p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u00ec th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o Ti\u1ec3u Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span>: Tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n, nghi, \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>: Tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n, nghi, \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f9y Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span>, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Ph\u1ea9m Lo\u1ea1i T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span> (Ptrakarama) c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span>, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u-phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 10 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0: Ph\u1eabn (gi\u1eadn), ph\u00fa (che gi\u1ea5u), xan (b\u1ecfn x\u1ebbn<\/span>), t\u1eadt (ghen gh\u00e9t<\/span>), n\u00e3o, h\u1ea1i, h\u1eadn, xi\u1ec3m (n\u1ecbnh h\u00f3t), cu\u1ed1ng (d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1<\/span>), ki\u00eau (ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o<\/span>). Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f9y-phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (quy\u1ec3n 6, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 31, trang 33) l\u00e0 20 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u-t\u00f9y-phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o c\u00f3 10 m\u00f3n. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 trung-t\u00f9y c\u00f3 2: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m<\/span>, v\u00f4 qu\u00ed. \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00f9y<\/span> c\u00f3 8 m\u00f3n: Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span>, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m<\/span>, b\u1ea5t t\u00edn<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span>, ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span>, th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m<\/span>, t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n<\/span>, b\u1ea5t ch\u00e1nh<\/span> tri.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa: c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n n\u1eefa nh\u01b0 sau: Tam l\u1eadu<\/span>: D\u1ee5c l\u1eadu<\/span>, h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, v\u00f4 minh l\u1eadu<\/span>. T\u1ee9 b\u1ed9c l\u01b0u<\/span>: D\u1ee5c b\u1ed9c l\u01b0u<\/span>, h\u1eefu b\u1ed9c l\u01b0u<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed9c l\u01b0u<\/span>, v\u00f4 minh<\/span> b\u1ed9c l\u01b0u<\/span>. T\u1ee9 th\u1ee7<\/span>: D\u1ee5c th\u1ee7<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7<\/span>, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/span>, ng\u00e3 ng\u1eef th\u1ee7<\/span> (s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u1edf D\u1ee5c Gi\u1edbi<\/span>, S\u1eafc Gi\u1edbi<\/span>, (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 9). C\u1eedu K\u1ebft<\/span>: \u00c1i k\u1ebft<\/span>, hu\u1ec7 k\u1ebft, m\u1ea1n k\u1ebft<\/span>, v\u00f4 minh k\u1ebft<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn k\u1ebft<\/span>, th\u1ee7 k\u1ebft<\/span>, nghi k\u1ebft<\/span>, t\u1eadt k\u1ebft, xan k\u1ebft. Ng\u0169 h\u1ea1 ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft: H\u1eefu th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span>, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/span>, nghi, d\u1ee5c tham<\/span>, s\u00e2n hu\u1ec7. Ng\u0169 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1eadn k\u1ebft: S\u1eafc tham, v\u00f4 s\u1eafc tham<\/span>, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span>, m\u1ea1n, v\u00f4 minh<\/span> (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> trong Ph\u00e1p U\u1ea9n T\u00fac Lu\u1eadn<\/span>, quy\u1ec3n 9, T\u1ea1p S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea9m; C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 21, T\u00f9y Mi\u00ean<\/span> Ph\u1ea9m; X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t<\/span> A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m<\/span> lu\u1eadn, quy\u1ec3n 18-20, Phi\u1ec1n N\u00e3o<\/span> Ph\u1ea9m; T\u1ef3 B\u00e0<\/span> L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span>, Ti\u1ec3u S\u1ef1 ph\u1ea9m v.v\u2026).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gom t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> n\u00eau tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh hai lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c<\/span>: T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u00ed m\u00ea ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sai l\u1ea7m<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c<\/span> hay Tu ho\u1eb7c<\/span>: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh m\u00ea ch\u1ea5p<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tuy \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf<\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh \u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

III- T\u00cdNH KH\u00d4NG<\/span> THI\u1ec6N KH\u00d4NG \u00c1C <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avy\u00e0krta ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 Avy\u00e0khy\u00e0ta trong ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Unrecordable (either as good or bad); neutral, neither good nor bad; things that are innocent or cannot be classifield under moral categories.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Muki.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi<\/span> l\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a thi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>. Theo T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n 51, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00e1nh 27, trang 363, th\u00ec thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ghi l\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 \u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ghi l\u1ea1i, cho n\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy l\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> trung gian<\/span> nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 khu bi\u1ec7t quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa lu\u1eadn<\/span> ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u1ea7y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m hai l\u00e0 H\u1eefu Ph\u00fa<\/span> V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Ph\u00fa V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu Ph\u00fa<\/span> V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> (defiled-non-defined moral species).<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eefu Ph\u00fa<\/span> t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e1c nh\u01b0ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u201cphi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o s\u1edf vi\u201d. \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra 3 lo\u1ea1i: V\u00f4 minh<\/span>, h\u00f4n t\u1ea7m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span>. Ba lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea7y t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 tuy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00e1c nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> cho vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, che l\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c<\/span> ng\u1ed9 n\u00ean n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu Ph\u00fa<\/span> V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 x\u00e9t th\u00ec 3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 Ph\u00fa V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> (non-defiled-non-defined moral species).<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 Ph\u00fa V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> l\u00e0 trung gian<\/span> tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span>, tuy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> hay phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span>: X\u00fac, t\u00e1c-\u00fd, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, d\u1ee5c, th\u1eafng-gi\u1ea3i, ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa Lu\u1eadn<\/span> thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea7y. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/span>, lu\u1eadn n\u1ea7y l\u1ea1i chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia<\/span> m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb B\u00e0 Sa Lu\u1eadn<\/span> tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: (1) D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/span>, (2) Uy nghi<\/span> l\u1ed9, (3) C\u00f4ng x\u1ea3o x\u1ee9, (4) Th\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecb Th\u1ee5c<\/span>: C\u00e1i t\u00e2m do nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> t\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uy nghi<\/span> l\u1ed9: T\u00e2m uy nghi<\/span> l\u1ed9 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u00e1i sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> khi \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang theo uy nghi<\/span>, t\u00e2m n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec7n<\/span> hay \u00e1c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> t\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng x\u1ea3o x\u1ee9: Khi xem c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc<\/span>, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda, ho\u1eb7c nghe \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c<\/span>, ng\u00e2m th\u01a1, ca h\u00e1t v.v\u2026 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> T\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3: Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> khi nh\u1edd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n<\/span>, thi\u00ean nh\u0129<\/span> v.v… m\u00e0 sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span>. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00e1c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> T\u00e2m. (tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> C\u00e2u X\u00e1 Lu\u1eadn<\/span> quy\u1ec3n hai).<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span>, V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Ph\u00fa V\u00f4 K\u00fd<\/span> l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span>, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0, kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00ec nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span> t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ec7. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u \u00fd<\/span> bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3<\/span> h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG T\u00c1M<\/span><\/p>\n

BA T\u1ef0 T\u00c1NH<\/span> V\u00c0 BA V\u00d4 T\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

I- BA T\u1ef0 T\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A- Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo lu\u1eadn Vijn\u00e3na M\u00e2tra-siddhi Trimsati Castra Karika c\u1ee7a Vasubandhu<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n s\u1ef1<\/span> v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span>. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span> th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Theo Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> m\u00e0 Alaya l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c C\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ea3n th\u00ec m\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 4 c\u00e2u v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do b\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eed bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Yena yena vikalpena.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yad yad vastu vikalpyate<\/span><\/p>\n

Parikalpita eva asau.<\/span><\/p>\n

Svabh\u00e3vo na sa vidyate).<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Do t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb H\u00e1n v\u0103n ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t)<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span>. K\u1ebf ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, so \u0111o. T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 do s\u1ef1 so \u0111o x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> ri\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Hai l\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nghe \u0111\u1ed3n<\/span> nh\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 con qu\u1ec9 \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00eam hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 khu\u1ea5y ph\u00e1. Khi nhe nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra h\u00ecnh th\u00f9 con qu\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t xanh nanh v\u00e0ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra con qu\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecf nanh tr\u1eafng v.v\u2026 Th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. N\u00ean b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i t\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy lu\u1eadn<\/span> ra 4 lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: Bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf, k\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn, c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00e0nh Tr\u00ed r\u1ed3i th\u00ec th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> l\u00e0 do Tr\u00ed Gi\u00e1c m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng do k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tri gi\u00e1c<\/span> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- K\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a M\u1ea1t Na Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Alaya. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<\/span>, nh\u00e2n sinh<\/span>, s\u1ef1 l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 so \u0111o suy nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 M\u1ea1t Na<\/span> c\u00f3 k\u1ebf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- C\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebf:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 3 c\u1ea3nh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n<\/span>, thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, m\u1eebng gi\u1eadn\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn. \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n suy nghi\u1ec7m so \u0111o n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 K\u1ebf. V\u00ec ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> n\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- Kh\u00f4ng Bi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng K\u1ebf:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c: Nh\u00e3n, Nh\u0129, T\u1ef7, Thi\u1ec7t, Th\u00e2n. C\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> theo tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo l\u1ed1i so \u0111o suy ni\u1ec7m n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 K\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i chung t\u1ea1i sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh? V\u00ec s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> so \u0111o c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt theo c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn thi\u1ec3n ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng<\/span> thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span>, ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> sai l\u1ea7m<\/span> tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng<\/span> duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u00f3i quen<\/span> m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra<\/span> nh\u1eefng chu\u1ed7i d\u00e0i nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span> th\u00ec l\u00e0m g\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdp n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 2 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t duy\u00ean<\/span> s\u1edf sanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Paratantrasvabh\u00e3vastu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vikalpah pratyaya udbhavah)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb duy\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

( Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cY\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span>. \u201cTha\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi l\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 sinh ra. N\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u1ea7y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p. N\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec v\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o hay hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> n\u00e0o t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c duy\u00ean kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra l\u00e0 do k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ee3 duy\u00ean<\/span> m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng T\u1ef1 T\u00ednh<\/span> Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00ec m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt<\/span> n\u1ebfu h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111u\u1ee3c sinh ra n\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span> tan r\u00e3 th\u00ec v\u1eadt \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 T\u1ef1 T\u00ednh<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3 tuy g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 T\u00ednh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh<\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt \u01b0 b\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec5n ly<\/span> ti\u1ec1n t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ed1 th\u1eed d\u1eef Y Tha<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Phi di phi b\u1ea5t d\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> \u0111\u1eb5ng t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Phi b\u1ea5t ki\u1ebfn th\u1eed b\u1ec9.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nispannastsya p\u0169rvena.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sad\u00e3 rahitat\u00e3 tu y\u00e3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ata eva sa na eva anyo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na ananyah paratantratah.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anityat\u00e3 \u00e3divad v\u00e3cyo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Na adrste \u2018smin sa drsyate)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt, Y Tha<\/span> (\u01b0 b\u1ec9).<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng xa l\u00eca<\/span> t\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc (bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec N\u00f3 (Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt) v\u1edbi Y Tha<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y (vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt) v\u1edbi kia (y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi).<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ghi ch\u00fa)<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span>. V\u00ec ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt n\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u1eddng xa r\u1eddi v\u1edbi t\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh Y Tha<\/span>. Khi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Y Tha<\/span> th\u00ec m\u1edbi th\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea1t t\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu r\u1eddi Y Tha<\/span> th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i Y Tha<\/span> v\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt \u201cc\u0169ng kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Y Tha<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> S\u00d3NG c\u00f2n Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> N\u01af\u1edaC. V\u00ec c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i s\u00f3ng, th\u1ebf n\u00ean s\u00f3ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201chai\u201d m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u201cm\u1ed9t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span> T\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u1eef kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do Alaya bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p T\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u00ec v\u1ea1n s\u1ef1<\/span> v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt<\/span> s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> c\u00f3 l\u00e0 do Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi, c\u00e1i c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> gi\u1ea3 huy\u1ec5n c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> gi\u1ea3 huy\u1ec5n \u1eaft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3<\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span> ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi. Nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Dharmap\u00e2la v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

1- T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00e1m Th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span>. V\u00ec t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> N\u0103ng Th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> S\u1edf Th\u1ee7<\/span>. A L\u1ea1i Ya Th\u1ee9c l\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> l\u00e0m s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng T\u00e2m Ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng trong Kinh ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>. V\u00ec \u00dd v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c chung l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>; k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span>. V\u00ec ch\u1ea5p Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Tu\u1ec7 T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span>; do ch\u1ea5p Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi v\u00f4 minh<\/span> T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng n\u01a1i n\u00e0o n\u00f3i v\u00f4 minh<\/span> c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ea3. V\u00ec ch\u1ea5p C\u00f3<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng th\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cTr\u00ed H\u1eadu \u0110\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n<\/span> ra c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> th\u00e2n, v\u00e0 t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> n\u0103ng duy\u00ean<\/span>, s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00ed. Tuy trong Kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf\u201d, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u201cDuy ch\u1ec9 duy\u00ean Bi\u1ebfn<\/span> K\u1ebf\u201d do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi bi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/span> h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m ph\u1ea9m th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh N\u0103ng Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a S\u1edf Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Nhi\u1ebfp \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi T\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf?<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec T\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n t\u00e1nh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> ng\u00e3 ph\u00e1p<\/span> tuy l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> k\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00ec ng\u00e3 ph\u00e1p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span>, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai, do \u0111\u00f3 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 S\u1edf bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- T\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNhi\u1ec1u lu\u1eadn s\u01b0<\/span> c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> r\u1eb1ng T\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> trong ba c\u00f5i<\/span> do s\u1ef1 hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> sanh ra t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 hai l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 N\u0103ng Th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 S\u1edf Th\u1ee7<\/span>. T\u01b0\u1edbng hai th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span>. Th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 T\u1ef1 Ch\u1ee9ng Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ki\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, th\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 th\u1eadt n\u01b0\u01a1ng duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, t\u00e1nh n\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi, v\u00ec do duy\u00ean h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ec trong Kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u01b0 v\u1ecdng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi\u201d; c\u00f2n hai th\u1ee7 th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00e1c cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y T\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> do s\u1ee9c hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ra hai ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng. Hai ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 do duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi. Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span> y v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1eadt Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p v.v… \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ec trong c\u00e1c Kinh n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Duy L\u01b0\u1ee3ng (th\u1ee9c), duy hai (ki\u1ebfn, t\u01b0\u1edbng), duy c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi. Trong lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng, ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi. N\u1ebfu Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi th\u00ec hai ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a H\u1eadu \u0110\u1eafc Tr\u00ed<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span> th\u00ec Th\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i duy\u00ean hai ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng sanh, ho\u1eb7c Th\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> duy\u00ean hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span> Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a H\u1eadu \u0110\u1eafc Tr\u00ed<\/span> l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> th\u00ec hai ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i hai ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 s\u1eebng th\u1ecf<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 S\u1edf Duy\u00ean Duy\u00ean<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng hu\u00e2n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u1ee9c sau sinh ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c T\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, v\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sanh<\/span> ra T\u00e1m Th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu hai ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng trong n\u1ed9i th\u1ee9c<\/span> do duy\u00ean sanh<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ec3 (t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea7n<\/span>) l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho Ki\u1ebfn Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span>, v\u00ec nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> hai b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng, Ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> do duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, d\u00f9 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 y n\u01a1i duy\u00ean kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cVi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt<\/span> n\u1ea7y v\u1edbi Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi kia ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00e1c th\u00ec h\u00f3a ra ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Y Tha<\/span> c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> n\u1ea7y h\u00f3a ra l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> nh\u01b0 Y Tha<\/span>. Y Tha<\/span> kia, Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 phi t\u1ecbnh c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi tr\u00ed c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau (ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> th\u00ec thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n y tha<\/span> th\u00ec th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 phi t\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean hai tr\u00ed duy\u00ean<\/span> hai c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Tr\u00ed<\/span> duy\u00ean ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>, h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eafc tr\u00ed<\/span> duy\u00ean Y Tha<\/span> )\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt v\u00e0 T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, t\u00e1nh v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kia ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kia. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 suy ra Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt n\u1ea7y v\u1edbi Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi kia ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Phi ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0 r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 huy\u1ec5n<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy c\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dd b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ba th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca T\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> Ph\u00e1p. T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u do duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 huy\u1ec5n h\u00f3a<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi kia v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t, kh\u00e1c, c\u00e2u v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u00e2u, nh\u01b0 hoa \u0111\u00f3m gi\u1eefa h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, T\u00e1nh l\u1eabn T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean<\/span> Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3, Ch\u01a1n T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> t\u1eeb c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt. Do \u0111\u00f3 ba t\u00e1nh n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca T\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 ba m\u00f3n H\u01b0 Kh\u00f4ng V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, Phi Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t V\u00f4 Vi<\/span>, Nhi\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 ba t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u dung nhi\u1ebfp. T\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/span> bi\u1ebfn ra t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v.v\u2026 \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00f9y t\u00e2m<\/span> sanh n\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> cho l\u00e0 th\u1eadt c\u00f3, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span>. N\u1ebfu t\u1eeb ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00f3 H\u01b0 Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t<\/span>, Phi Tr\u1ea1ch Di\u1ec7t<\/span>, V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do t\u00e2m H\u1eefu L\u1eadu duy\u00ean<\/span> V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> th\u00ec V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi. T\u00e2m V\u00f4 L\u1eadu duy\u00ean<\/span> V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> th\u00ec V\u00f4 Vi<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 hai t\u00e1nh. V\u00ec do duy\u00ean sanh<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Y Tha<\/span>; do t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ba t\u00e1nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea3y ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u1ea3y ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

5- B\u1ea3y ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- L\u01b0u Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>:Th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Th\u1eadt T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>:Th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> b\u1edfi hai v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>:Th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p Nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- An L\u00e2p Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>:Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

e- T\u00e0 H\u1ea1nh<\/span> Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>:Th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

f- Thanh T\u1ecbnh<\/span> Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>:Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

g- Ch\u00e1nh H\u1ea1nh<\/span> Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>:Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Tr\u00ed<\/span> v\u00e0 H\u1eadu \u0110\u1eafc Tr\u00ed<\/span> n\u00ean b\u1ea3y t\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> n\u00ean ba th\u1ee9 L\u01b0u Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>, Kh\u1ed5, T\u1eadp Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span> thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n m\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> ng\u00e0i H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u00f3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn \u0111o\u1ea1n Kinh nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cB\u1ed1n ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> (th\u1ebf gian<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ecbnh ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ecbnh ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt) n\u00f3 v\u1edbi ba t\u00e1nh nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ebf gian<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 ba s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 Danh, T\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> do tr\u00ed thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> ngo\u00e0i hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf tri<\/span> th\u00ec nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt v\u00e0 nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o hai s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Bi\u1ec7n Trung Bi\u00ean<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u1ee9 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> theo th\u1ebf gian<\/span> ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p\u201d v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian<\/span> c\u00f9ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span>. Th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai th\u00ec nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3 ba t\u00e1nh, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Hai th\u1ee9 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> sau c\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> Ng\u00e0i H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Ba T\u00e1nh v\u00e0 B\u1ed1n \u0110\u1ebf nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c nhau nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ed7i \u0110\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ba t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, t\u00e1nh V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> v.v\u2026 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ba t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> c\u00f3 3:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, v\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Kh\u1edfi t\u1eadn v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, v\u00ec c\u00f3 sanh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- C\u1ea5u t\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn<\/span> khi c\u1ea5u khi t\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- \u201cKh\u1ed5\u201d c\u00f3 3:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- S\u1edf Th\u1ee7<\/span> Kh\u1ed5, ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a, ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

b- S\u1ef1 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> Kh\u1ed5, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ba kh\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- H\u00f2a H\u1ee3p<\/span> Kh\u1ed5, kh\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d c\u00f3 ba:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> Kh\u00f4ng, v\u00ec t\u00e1nh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- D\u1ecb t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00ec \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d v\u1edbi \u201cV\u1ecdng Ch\u1ea5p\u201d hai t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c nhau<\/span><\/p>\n

c- T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, d\u00f9ng ch\u1ed5 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- \u201cV\u00f4 Ng\u00e3\u201d c\u00f3 ba:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, l\u00e0 ng\u00e3 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- D\u1ecb T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau<\/span><\/p>\n

c- T\u1ef1 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> do v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- \u201cT\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 ba:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- T\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> t\u1eadp, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0o t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> t\u1eadp.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- \u0110\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1eadp, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Ch\u01b0a ly h\u1ec7<\/span> t\u1eadp, t\u1ee9c Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span> ch\u01b0a l\u00eca ch\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/span><\/p>\n

11- \u201cDi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 ba:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> di\u1ec7t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Nh\u1ecb th\u1ee7<\/span> di\u1ec7t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t<\/span>, hai th\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n sanh.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- B\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> di\u1ec7t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

12- \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf\u201d c\u00f3 ba:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Bi\u1ebfn tri<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- V\u0129nh \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec5m ph\u1ea7n Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- T\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn Tri<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 V\u0129nh \u0110o\u1ea1n<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o v\u00e0 T\u00e1c Ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo nh\u01b0<\/span> tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 ta th\u1ea5y Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 4 l\u1ea7n 3, T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 1 l\u1ea7n 3, \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 1 l\u1ea7n 3. B\u1ed1n \u0110\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 7 l\u1ea7n 3, theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp m\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p<\/span> v\u1edbi 3 t\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3<\/span> ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a ba gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00f4n<\/span> (Kh\u00f4ng, V\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec7n<\/span>, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>) nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec ba M\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 ba T\u00e1nh. C\u00f2n theo T\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec m\u1ed7i m\u00f4n th\u00f4ng m\u1ed7i t\u00e1nh. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u00ean bi\u1ebft, do t\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng M\u00f4n<\/span>. Do t\u00e1nh Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi m\u00e0 l\u1eadp V\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> M\u00f4n. Do t\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt m\u00e0 l\u1eadp V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> M\u00f4n.<\/span><\/p>\n

13- T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i sinh ra ba V\u00f4 Sanh Nh\u1eabn<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- B\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> V\u00f4 Sanh Nh\u1eabn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> V\u00f4 Sanh Nh\u1eabn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed5 V\u00f4 Sanh Nh\u1eabn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a ba t\u00e1nh n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ba nh\u1eabn kia.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 ba t\u00e1nh n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ba \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp thu\u1ed9c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 ba t\u00e1nh n\u1ea7y. Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> ch\u1ec9 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> chia l\u00e0m ba lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3 Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c<\/span>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi T\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c<\/span>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi Y Tha<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3n Li\u1ec5u Th\u1ebf T\u1ee5c<\/span>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> v\u1edbi Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>, T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span>, nhi\u1ebfp v\u00e0o Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> an l\u1eadp<\/span> h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3; v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi c\u00f3 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp<\/span> (kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi<\/span>, c\u0103n th\u00e2n), t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> (t\u01b0\u1edbng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span>), ph\u1eadn v\u1ecb (hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3; nh\u01b0ng T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1eafc th\u00ec t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span> sanh n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 th\u1eadt c\u00f3. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00ec th\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. V\u00ec gi\u00e3 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i th\u1eadt m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> ra t\u1eeb tha duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> ba t\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t v\u00ec v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span>, v\u00ec duy\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean n\u00ean c\u00f3 Y Tha<\/span>, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ch\u01a1n ngh\u0129a th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 ba kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c v\u00ec c\u00f9ng t\u1eeb C\u0103n B\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ra n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong kinh Sandhinirmona-s\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u1ee9c B\u1ea3n, t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> c\u00f3 ba m\u1eb7t: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> T\u00e1nh, hai l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi T\u00e1nh<\/span>, ba l\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span>. Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? L\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft<\/span> b\u1edfi danh t\u1eeb, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> l\u00e0m cho theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cY tha kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? L\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia c\u00f3, c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y sinh th\u00ec c\u00e1i kia sinh, v\u00f4 minh<\/span> duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> h\u00e0nh, cho l\u1edbn lao.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i do c\u00e1c duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 tinh ti\u1ebfn<\/span> d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh<\/span>, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span>, b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> vi\u00ean m\u00e3n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ee9c B\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh m\u00e0ng m\u1eaft, c\u00e1i m\u00e0ng m\u1eaft \u1ea5y Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh m\u00e0ng m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh<\/span> t\u00f3c l\u00f4ng ong ru\u1ed3i l\u00e1 di\u1ebfp d\u00e2y s\u1eafn hay xanh v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecf tr\u1eafng, nh\u1eefng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 trong s\u00e1ng<\/span>, h\u1ebft h\u1eb3n m\u00e0ng m\u1eaft, b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> con m\u1eaft trong s\u00e1ng<\/span> nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n, c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n \u1ea5y Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdc b\u1ea1ch ch\u00e2u trong su\u1ed1t<\/span>, n\u1ebfu nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u xanh th\u00ec th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebf thanh<\/span>, do ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebf thanh<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/span> th\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n; n\u1ebfu nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf th\u00ec th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdc h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch<\/span>, do ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdc h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/span> th\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n; n\u1ebfu nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u l\u1ee5c th\u00ec<\/span> th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdc s\u00e1t s\u1eafc, do ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdc s\u00e1t s\u1eafc m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/span> th\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n; n\u1ebfu nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng th\u00ec th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0ng kim<\/span>, do ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng kim<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn<\/span> th\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 n\u01a1i ng\u1ecdc b\u1ea1ch ch\u00e2u trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc, n\u01a1i Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb<\/span> c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> n\u01a1i ng\u1ecdc b\u1ea1ch ch\u00e2u trong su\u1ed1t<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u1ebf thanh<\/span> h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch<\/span> s\u00e1t s\u1eafc ho\u00e0ng<\/span> kim, n\u01a1i Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> ng\u1ecdc b\u1ea1ch ch\u00e2u trong su\u1ed1t<\/span>, Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady; t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> n\u01a1i b\u1ea1ch ng\u1ecdc<\/span> ch\u00e2u trong su\u1ed1t<\/span>, \u0111\u1ebf thanh<\/span> h\u1ed5 ph\u00e1ch<\/span> s\u00e1t s\u1eafc ho\u00e0ng<\/span> kim lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span>, n\u01a1i Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span> th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 3 t\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng 2 v\u00ed d\u1ee5. T\u1ed5ng quang ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u1edf kinh n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> kh\u00e1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i 3 t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau. A L\u1ea1i Ya m\u1eb7t \u1ea9n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> v\u1eady l\u00e0 ng\u00e3 ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh. Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> A L\u1ea1i Ya nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span>, ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdc trong hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0u l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span>, l\u1ea7m m\u00e0u \u1ea5y l\u00e0 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span>, bi\u1ebft ng\u1ecdc v\u1eabn trong l\u00e0 Vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt (n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c theo ch\u00e1nh v\u0103n, bi\u1ebft m\u00e0u \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt).<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh v\u0103n kinh<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ee9c B\u1ea3n, bi\u1ebft do t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 danh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 th\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh; n\u01a1i Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 th\u00ec bi\u1ebft Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>; n\u01a1i y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 th\u00ec bi\u1ebft vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u01a1i y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> bi\u1ebft bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, th\u00ec th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> bi\u1ebft y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, th\u00ec th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> bi\u1ebft vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span>, th\u00ec th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> n\u1ebfu n\u01a1i y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3<\/span> h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ee9c B\u1ea3n, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> do \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span>, n\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> m\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> m\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> n\u00ean h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. Ngang \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ngang \u0111\u00e2y Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> qui \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u1ea5y l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i n\u00ean n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9nh c\u00fa sau \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ec s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ec s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m<\/span> c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean trong hai m\u1eb7t<\/span> tr\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 nh\u00e1c l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng x\u00f3t th\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc qua nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh tr\u00ean cho ch\u00fang ta<\/span> th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> m\u00e0 T\u1ed5 Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi k\u1ec7 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean 3 t\u00e1nh trong Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i B\u00e0i T\u1ee5ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p<\/span> v.v… \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span>. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra ba t\u00e1nh c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ec do v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu<\/span> ba t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong kinh Lank\u00e2vat\u00e2ra-S\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i r\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, khi bi\u1ebft ba th\u1ee9 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1eeb c\u00e1c duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng xa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7, V\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1edbng sanh. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt<\/span>: B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, t\u1ea1i sao v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1edbng sanh? Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n<\/span> s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u1ee9ng c\u00fang<\/span> \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span> ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp<\/span>. Danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng, s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng. Danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 n\u00f3i ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trong ngo\u00e0i. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kia ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> trong ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ho\u1eb7c y ho\u1eb7c duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 sanh ra v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y n\u00f3i t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 danh. H\u00e0nh hi\u1ec3n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p trong ngo\u00e0i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong u\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i u\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u0103n tr\u1ea7n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p danh. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> trong ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> (trong kinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>) t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi (trong kinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00eca v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> danh, t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u00fa c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> s\u1edf h\u00e0nh. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> T\u00e2m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0<\/span>, th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span>. Ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a n\u1ea7y n\u00ean n\u00f3i b\u00e0i k\u1ec7<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDanh t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> hai t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ea4y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> do tr\u00ed nh\u1eadp nh\u01b0, b\u1ea3n gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y gi\u00e1c<\/span> hi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai t\u00e0ng<\/span> t\u00e2m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- BA V\u00d4 T\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A- Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo lu\u1eadn Vijn\u00e3na M\u00e2tra-siddhi Trimsati Castra Karika c\u1ee7a Vasubandhu<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn 3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i sao \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i l\u00e0: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> y c\u1ee9<\/span> tr\u00ean 3 m\u00f3n T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> n\u00f3i Ba C\u00f5i<\/span> duy t\u00e2m<\/span>, v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p<\/span> duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9c th\u00ec Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Trong ph\u1ea7n b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn<\/span> v\u1ec1 Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c y th\u1eed tam t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1eadp b\u1ec9 tam v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Trividhasya svabh\u00e0vasya trividh\u00e0m nihsvabh\u00e0vat\u00e0m<\/span><\/p>\n

Samdh\u00e0ya sarvadharm\u00e0n\u00e0m desit\u00e0 nihsvabh\u00e0vat\u00e0)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u01a1i ba t\u00e1nh \u1ea5y<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Do Ph\u1eadt m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng – Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u01a1 t\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Prathamo laksanena eva)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span> l\u00e0 \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span>. T\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh ra n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u00ec gi\u00f3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i s\u00f3ng ch\u1ee9 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> s\u00f3ng ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Do \u0111\u00f3 s\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00f3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng<\/span> h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh<\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng. T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> do duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- \u201cT\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00ec n\u00f3 do c\u00e1c duy\u00ean h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 sinh ra ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do \u0111\u00f3 trong lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 c\u00e2u:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

(nihsvabh\u00e0vo parah punah)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u201cT\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u00e1nh\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u kinh lu\u1eadn<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u1ea7y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> di\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 sinh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u do duy\u00ean sinh<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u00e1nh Y Tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. V\u00ec do ngo\u1ea1i duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- \u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 v\u00ec do xa l\u00eca<\/span> t\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span> h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p<\/span> m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>. Trong lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u t\u1ee5ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1eadu do vi\u1ec5n ly<\/span> ti\u1ec1n<\/span><\/p>\n

(na svayambh\u00e0va etasya ity)<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(apar\u00e0 nihsvabh\u00e0vat\u00e0)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eed ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(dharm\u00e0n\u00e0m param\u00e0rthasca)<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7t t\u1ee9c th\u1ecb ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(sa yatas tathat\u00e0 api sah)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 k\u1ef3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ed1<\/span><\/p>\n

(sarvak\u00e0lam tath\u00e0bh\u00e0v\u00e0t)<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c duy th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(sa eva vijn\u00e3ptim\u00e0trat\u00e0)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau do xa l\u00eca<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5p n\u01a1i t\u00e1nh Ng\u00e3 Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1eafng<\/span> ngh\u0129a n\u1ea7y<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec t\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 3 m\u00f3n t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> ra ba m\u00f3n v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u1ea7y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0o ba m\u00f3n t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn tu<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n, l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n. Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span>, v\u00ec t\u00e1nh n\u00f3 ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u1ecdng, th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cH\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh\u201d ch\u1ee9 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i \u201cT\u00e1nh\u201d ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> theo Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Dharmap\u00e2la v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> ghi \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u01a1i ba T\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra ba Kh\u00f4ng T\u00e1nh<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> T\u00e1nh, Kh\u00f4ng T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean<\/span> T\u00e1nh v\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> T\u00e1nh. Do \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201cm\u1eadt \u00fd\u201d trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span>, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hai t\u00e1nh Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt sau tuy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u1ecb v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh Ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt c\u00f3. Ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span> v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u201cC\u00f3\u201d c\u1ee7a Y Tha<\/span> v\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u201cKh\u00f4ng\u201d c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00f4ng T\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb t\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00f4ng T\u00e1nh\u201d. V\u00ec t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb T\u00e1nh Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi m\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra \u201cT\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> T\u00e1nh\u201d. V\u00ec Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c duy\u00ean m\u00e0 sinh ra, gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 Nhi\u00ean<\/span> Kh\u00f4ng T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb T\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt l\u1eadp ra \u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> T\u00e1nh\u201d. V\u00ec do xa l\u00eca<\/span> hai t\u00e1nh tr\u00ean n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 T\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> T\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3<\/span> 4 lo\u1ea1i:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Th\u1ebf gian<\/span> th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>:\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 5 u\u1ea9n, 12 x\u1ee9, 18 gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi<\/span> nh\u1ea5t ch\u01a1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u1ee9 4 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea9m<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi 3 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> kia.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00ean ph\u00e1p ch\u00e2n<\/span> nh\u01b0. S\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch<\/span>. T\u00e1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. T\u00e1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span> n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 t\u00e1nh n\u00f3 (t\u00f9y duy\u00ean b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn<\/span>), do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u1ea7y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u00e1nh Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. T\u00e1nh Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span>, t\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00e1nh h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span> trong lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai T\u00e1nh:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span> – t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>, t\u1ee9c Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3i Th\u1eadt<\/span> T\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong Kh\u1ebf Kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u1eadt r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span>. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> trong Kinh Sandhinirmona-s\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0110o\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t (gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 T\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, Sinh V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> s\u00e2u s\u1eafc n\u00ean xin chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fd do<\/span> t\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 5 U\u1ea9n, 12 x\u1ee9, 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/span>, 18 gi\u1edbi, 4 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh mu\u1ed1n th\u01b0a th\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u00fac \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh th\u01b0a Ph\u1eadt: B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, con t\u1eebng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/span> \u1edf ch\u1ed7 thanh v\u1eafng<\/span> t\u00e2m tr\u00ed<\/span> t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span>, b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span>, ph\u00e1t sinh, t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t, v\u0129nh \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn tri<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span>; nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i n\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span>, th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i 12 x\u1ee9, 12 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span> v\u00e0 4 th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady; b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn tri<\/span>, v\u0129nh \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span>, t\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u1ee7a 4 \u0111\u1ebf; b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span>, ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, v\u0129nh \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn tri<\/span> c\u1ee7a 18 gi\u1edbi; b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span>, n\u0103ng tr\u1ecb, s\u1edf tr\u1ecb, tu t\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u01b0a sinh th\u00ec ph\u00e1t sinh, \u0111\u00e3 sinh th\u00ec ki\u00ean c\u1ed1<\/span>, b\u1ed9i ph\u1ea7n tu t\u1eadp<\/span> cao l\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng ra c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n ni\u1ec7m tr\u00fa; nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i b\u1ed1n ni\u1ec7m tr\u00fa, th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i b\u1ed1n ch\u00ednh \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ed1n th\u1ea7n t\u00fac<\/span>, n\u0103m c\u0103n, n\u0103m l\u1ef1c<\/span>, b\u1ea3y gi\u00e1c chi<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e1m th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> con ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> do m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Con xin th\u1ec9nh v\u1ea5n Ng\u00e0i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u1ea5y; xin Ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> cho ch\u00fang con v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh: T\u1ed1t l\u1eafm, Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh, s\u1ef1 t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd. T\u1ed1t l\u1eafm Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u00e1i th\u00e2m ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Ph\u1ea7n hai<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> th\u1ebf n\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, Sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Sinh, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> r\u1eb1ng Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> sau \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, Sinh V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec t\u00e1nh \u1ea5y do gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSinh V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh Y<\/span> Tha Kh\u1edfi, t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec do c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 duy\u00ean t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p do sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec n\u01a1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> th\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, m\u00e0 Y Tha<\/span> Kh\u1edfi T\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00eam n\u1eefa (m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c) Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> .<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao? T\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span>. Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>. V\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 do V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> n\u00ean (Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt T\u00e1nh<\/span>) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> kh\u00f4ng hoa<\/span>, T\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (c\u1ee7a \u1ea3o thu\u1eadt<\/span>), Sinh V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady, Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u1eb7t th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng v\u1eady. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> do s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u1eb7t th\u1ee9 hai c\u0169ng v\u1eady, v\u00ec do ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> trong ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> trong Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c Lu\u1eadn<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo<\/span> c\u0169ng trong kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Quang<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>: Ghi ch\u00fa c\u00e2u n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 3 chi ti\u1ebft<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

b.1- Chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> m\u1ed9t<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u00f3 2: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t – Y Tha<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>. Th\u1ee9 hai – Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt do ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c cho d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u<\/span>, Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 Y Tha<\/span> (v\u00ec Y Tha<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span>). Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span> (v\u00ec Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf<\/span> l\u00e0 Ng\u00e3 Ph\u00e1p<\/span>, ng\u00e3 ph\u00e1p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111i m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

b.2- Chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> hai<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> trong c\u00e2u n\u1ea7y ch\u00ednh v\u0103n l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf<\/span> ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p<\/span>, ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> t\u00e1nh (sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh v\u0103n ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> t\u00e1nh). Ch\u00ednh v\u0103n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> (= ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span>) th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> (\u0111\u00fang ra n\u00ean n\u00f3i ng\u00e3 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> = ng\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>), v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> r\u1ed3i. Th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> do nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>, n\u00ean duy th\u1ee9c lu\u1eadn<\/span>, t\u1ee5ng 24, n\u00f3i: H\u1eadu do vi\u1ec5n ly<\/span> ti\u1ec1n, s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span> ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b.3- Chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> ba<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> (ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span>), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ch\u00ednh v\u0103n kinh<\/span> Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Sinh, \u00f4ng n\u00ean bi\u1ebft Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, v\u00ec sao, v\u00ec n\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7t th\u00ec b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t th\u00ec t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat g\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>. N\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0169ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> b\u1edfi ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> m\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> do ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> th\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span>. Ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 an tr\u00fa<\/span>, v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span>, ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 an tr\u00fa<\/span> n\u00ean v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> n\u00ean b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> do ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> m\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sinh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- \u0110o\u1ea1n hai<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o<\/span> ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> v\u1ec1 \u201cc\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Sinh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec trong ch\u00fang sinh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb nh\u00ecn ri\u00eang bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> cho l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u1ea5y nh\u00ecn ri\u00eang y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi hay vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt cho l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ea3, m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00ec nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb n\u01a1i y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u1ea5y, do bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh (qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>) n\u00ean (hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span>) n\u01a1i y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>; nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> n\u1ed5i l\u00ean th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y m\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00e0o t\u00e2m, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh ra bi\u1ebft, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> trong t\u00e2m n\u00ean y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00ec nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y, n\u01a1i y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00eam bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, b\u1ecb sinh t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, n\u00ean trong ph\u1ea1m vi<\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span>, (nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u1ea5y) m\u00e3i ho\u00e0i dong ru\u1ed5i, tr\u00f4i l\u0103n, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, ch\u1ecbu m\u1ecdi kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o<\/span> trong n\u1ea1i l\u1ea1c ca<\/span> (\u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c<\/span>), trong b\u00e0ng sinh<\/span>, trong ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ec9<\/span>, trong ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean<\/span>, trong tu la<\/span>, trong nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- \u0110o\u1ea1n ba (gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> l\u00fd do<\/span> l\u1eadp ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> )<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fd do<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span> hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span> b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 lo tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, che l\u1ea5p<\/span> ch\u01a1n t\u00e2m<\/span> b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span>, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Sinh, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb h\u1ed3i n\u00e0o<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd ch\u01b0a gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>, ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>, ch\u01b0a tu nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 d\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, th\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> v\u00ec h\u1ecd, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft<\/span> ph\u00e1p y\u1ebfu<\/span>; nghe ph\u00e1p<\/span> y\u1ebfu n\u1ea7y r\u1ed3i, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y s\u1ee9c<\/span> m\u00e0 t\u00f9y l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh duy\u00ean<\/span> sinh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean \u1ed5n<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span>, h\u01b0 r\u00e3; l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh, h\u1ecd e s\u1ee3, ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span>; e s\u1ee3 ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00ean h\u1ecd k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9<\/span>, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tu t\u1eadp<\/span>; tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n n\u00ean ch\u01b0a gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo tr\u1ed3ng, ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch, ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span>, v\u00e0 do v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, d\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec1u hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTuy gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> d\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec1u hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh v\u00f4 t\u00ednh<\/span>, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/span> th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 hai th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, ch\u01b0a ly d\u1ee5c<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, ch\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cCh\u01b0a gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> sinh t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, n\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i th\u00eam ph\u00e1p y\u1ebfu<\/span> cho h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, ly d\u1ee5c<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> sinh t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ph\u00e1p<\/span> y\u1ebfu Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i th\u00eam cho nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin hi\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, l\u1ef1a l\u1ecdc suy x\u00e9t<\/span>, th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u01a1i y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, c\u00e1i tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>, n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, ngay trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm gi\u1eef b\u1edfi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean n\u00ean v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh h\u1ecd ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, ly d\u1ee5c<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> to\u00e0n th\u1ec3<\/span> ho\u1eb7c, nghi\u1ec7p, sinh, ba lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- \u0110o\u1ea1n b\u1ed1n (n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> 3 v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 Gia H\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Thinh V\u0103n Th\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c Th\u1eeba<\/span> ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 Gia H\u1ea1nh V\u1ecb<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Sinh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111i theo<\/span> Thanh V\u0103n Th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u0169ng do con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u \u0111i n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span> y\u00ean \u1ed5n<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111i theo<\/span> \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c th\u1eeba<\/span>, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111i theo<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai th\u1eeba<\/span>, c\u0169ng do con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ea5u \u0111i n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span> y\u00ean \u1ed5n<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f9ng \u0111i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> n\u1ea7y, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span> n\u1ea7y, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai, n\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1<\/span> th\u1ec3 \u1ea5y m\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1eeba<\/span>. Ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong ch\u00fang sinh gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9n c\u0103n<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c trung c\u0103n<\/span>, ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i c\u0103n”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDo v\u1eady n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, th\u00ec d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01a1n Ph\u1eadt thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i ho\u00e1n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho h\u1ecd tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh<\/span> \u0111i n\u1eefa, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ng\u1ed3i n\u01a1i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u00e0ng<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> gi\u00e1c”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec h\u1ecd v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m<\/span>, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb bi<\/span> b\u1ea1c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf. V\u00ec m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb bi<\/span> b\u1ea1c nh\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u00edch l\u1ee3i<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf n\u00ean h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u00edch l\u1ee3i<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i b\u1ecf th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ed3i n\u01a1i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o Tr\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1c<\/span>, n\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> xoay l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> th\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3i h\u1ecd l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> r\u1ed3i, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01a1n Ph\u1eadt th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh<\/span> cho, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi nguy\u00ean th\u1ec9 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec t\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i<\/span> m\u00e0 tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, n\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> Thanh V\u0103n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u0103m<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ea7u ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng tu nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u0103n t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>, Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>, La H\u00e1n<\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a Sinh, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, trong ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00e9o tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, kh\u00e9o qui \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i ra b\u1edfi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span>, v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng do m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span>, n\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng kinh ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p y\u1ebfu<\/span> theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n 5 n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 4 ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> trong kinh h\u01a1n:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t:<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i h\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 tu nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m<\/span>, th\u00ec nghe kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y tin hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u xa<\/span> kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span>, r\u1ed3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 kh\u00e9o tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, n\u00ean mau ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u xa<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9c tin<\/span> trong s\u00e1ng<\/span>, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1eadc \u1ee9ng c\u00fang<\/span>, ch\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Ph\u1ea7n hai<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 s\u00e2u xa<\/span> v\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 tu nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a d\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m<\/span>, m\u00e0 t\u00ednh h\u1ecd ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c<\/span>, h\u1ecd thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c<\/span>, d\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129<\/span> ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ebf b\u1ecf<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span>, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/span> th\u1ee7 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDo \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd nghe kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, d\u1ea7u b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c trong s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, v\u1eabn sinh \u0111\u1ee9c tin<\/span> trong s\u00e1ng<\/span>. Tin r\u1eb1ng kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 do Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i, l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa<\/span>, bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9<\/span> s\u1ef1 s\u00e2u xa<\/span>, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea7m t\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 bi\u1ebft th\u1ea5u, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7m, x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c<\/span> s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> bi\u1ebft th\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i trong kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span> h\u1ecd khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 s\u00e2u xa<\/span>, ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 s\u00e2u xa<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> m\u1edbi th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n<\/span>, th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n tr\u00e2u b\u00f2.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady h\u1ecd t\u00f4n k\u00ednh<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 \u0111em n\u00f3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sao ch\u00e9p, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/span>, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ecdc, truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span>, thi\u1ebft tha, hi\u1ebfn c\u00fang, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span>, t\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed9c, \u00f4n t\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111em c\u00e1i tu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo. Do v\u1eady, h\u1ecd ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<\/span> l\u1eddi ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> n\u00f3i ra, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng do v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> h\u1ecd v\u1eabn t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/span> th\u00ec th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Ph\u1ea7n ba<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span> r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng (\u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ba t\u00e1nh: Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi, v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt). Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> th\u00ec d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ch\u01b0a d\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m<\/span>, t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c<\/span>, d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c<\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129<\/span> ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ebf b\u1ecf<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/span> th\u1ee7 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec h\u1ecd nghe kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cD\u1ea7u tin hi\u1ec3u kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span>, cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng, th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd b\u00e0i b\u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea1i sao bi\u1ebft h\u1ecd b\u00e0i b\u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, v\u00ec c\u00f3 y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u1edbi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh. N\u1ebfu y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ea3 th\u00ec th\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u00e0i b\u00e1c<\/span> c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i h\u1ecd b\u00e0i b\u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ba t\u00e1nh v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec d\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span>. V\u00ec kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0ng phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd, n\u00ean h\u1ecd n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u00e0m kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd l\u00e0m ngh\u0129a l\u00fd”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cH\u1ecd tin hi\u1ec3u kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00ean ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd n\u00ean tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> lui m\u1ea5t, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> lui m\u1ea5t n\u00ean lui m\u1ea5t v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p<\/span> qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o nghe h\u1ecd n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch cho kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u00e0 kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0ng cho phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span>, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn<\/span> ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec c\u0169ng cho kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u00e0 kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0ng cho phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span>, v\u00ec cho kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> l\u00e0 kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0ng cho phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ea7y lui m\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p<\/span>. C\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> thu\u1eadn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean<\/span> nghe h\u1ecd n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span> th\u00ec sinh ra s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span>, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean n\u00f3i kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ma n\u00f3i”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDo nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span> th\u00f3a m\u1ea1<\/span> kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, do ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span> th\u00f3a m\u1ea1<\/span> kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i suy t\u1ed5n, ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> n\u00f3i ai cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1nh to\u00e0n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd l\u00e0m ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span>, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch<\/span> ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i<\/span> n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. V\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0m cho v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb sa \u0111\u1ecda m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- Ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span> d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u201cc\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>, d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, tu th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, d\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh h\u1ed9i<\/span> th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y th\u00e2m s\u00e2u<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span>, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a gieo tr\u1ed3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n<\/span>, ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c<\/span> li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng tu nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span>, ch\u01b0a d\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c<\/span>, d\u1eabu c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c<\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c suy ngh\u0129<\/span> ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ebf b\u1ecf<\/span> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span>, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean<\/span> trong s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/span> th\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec nghe kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec3u kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00ean kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> cho l\u00e0 phi kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span>, ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> cho l\u00e0 phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd. Kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> cho l\u00e0 phi kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> cho l\u00e0 phi ngh\u0129a<\/span> l\u00fd, n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ma n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span> th\u00f3a m\u1ea1<\/span> kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1eb1ng l\u1eafm c\u00e1ch, h\u1ecd h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed5<\/span> kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ai tin hi\u1ec3u kinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span> b\u1ecb h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9<\/span>. H\u1ecd tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> l\u00e0m cho ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, nay do l\u00fd do<\/span> tr\u00ean m\u00e0 b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u (c\u00f3 v\u1ebb) gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i (ch\u1ecbu kh\u1ed5) trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> b\u1eb1ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n c\u00e2u chi<\/span> na d\u1eefu \u0111a (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 100 t\u1ef7), kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u00fac tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1eafng ngh\u0129a sinh, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, trong ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> kh\u00e9o tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, kh\u00e9o qui \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i ra b\u1edfi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span>, v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- \u0110o\u1ea1n s\u00e1u<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 sai v\u1ec1 ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u v\u0103n v\u1ea7n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i n\u00ean n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9nh c\u00fa sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

To\u00e0n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y<\/span><\/p>\n

Sao kh\u00f4ng m\u1eadt \u00fd?<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sinh v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ba th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u1eddi tr\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ec m\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ecb trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

To\u00e0n do \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y duy nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 hai<\/span><\/p>\n

Do s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3<\/span> n\u1ea7y<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1eadp ra nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean trong ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 th\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u1ea1i bi<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tinh ti\u1ebfn<\/span> d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1i ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecf r\u01a1i<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ea7u nan t\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00ec s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tho\u00e1t ly<\/span> kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- \u0110o\u1ea1n b\u1ea3y<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ba t\u00e1nh. Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y chia l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span>, s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh, s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span> di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, v\u0129nh \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn tri<\/span> s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span>, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u00fac \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh th\u01b0a Ph\u1eadt: B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> th\u1eadt r\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> tinh t\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t tinh t\u1ebf<\/span>, s\u00e2u xa<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa<\/span>, kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t<\/span>. Nay theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i m\u00e0 con ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span>, gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh, c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span> di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, c\u1ee7a v\u0129nh \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span>, c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn tri<\/span> s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span>, (s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> \u1ea5y) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. C\u00f2n ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i m\u00e0 con ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u00e0 (th\u1ea5y) bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> do ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u1ea7y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span>, n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c u\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ee9, m\u01b0\u1eddi hai h\u1eefu, b\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c, m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m gi\u1edbi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n<\/span> (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c u\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span> (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi hai x\u1ee9<\/span> m\u1ed7i x\u1ee9 c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi hai h\u1eefu chi m\u1ed7i h\u1eefu chi c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi (ba l\u1ea7n) s\u00e1u gi\u1edbi t\u1ee9c m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNay, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i m\u00e0 con ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn tri<\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, (s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> \u1ea5y) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f2n ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. V\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i m\u00e0 con ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u00e0 (th\u1ea5y) bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh n\u1ea7y, t\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> do ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u1ea7y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n \u0110\u1ebf, b\u1ed1n ni\u1ec7m tr\u00fa, b\u1ed1n ch\u00e1nh \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ed1n th\u1ea7n t\u00fac<\/span>, n\u0103m c\u0103n, n\u0103m l\u1ef1c<\/span>, b\u1ea3y gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 4 \u0111\u1ebf (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n ni\u1ec7m tr\u00fa, b\u1ed1n ch\u00e1nh \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ed1n th\u1ea7n t\u00fac<\/span>, n\u0103m c\u0103n, n\u0103m l\u1ef1c<\/span>, b\u1ea3y gi\u00e1c chi<\/span>, m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 c\u0169ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, n\u0103ng tri, s\u1edf tri<\/span>, ch\u00ednh tu:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNay, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i m\u00e0 con ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u0103ng tr\u1ecb, s\u1edf tr\u1ecb, ch\u00ednh tu ch\u01b0a sinh th\u00ec ph\u00e1t sinh, \u0111\u00e3 sinh th\u00ec ki\u00ean c\u1ed1<\/span>, b\u1ed9i tu th\u00ec cao l\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng ra, (s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3 danh<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> \u1ea5y) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. C\u00f2n ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> sinh v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i m\u00e0 con ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> m\u00e0 (th\u1ea5y) bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00e1i t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1eadt c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p<\/span> t\u00e1nh n\u1ea7y, t\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> do ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> n\u1ea7y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span>, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0<\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span> m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Ph\u1ea7n hai<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ee7a 3 v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> trong c\u00e1c kinh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam t\u00e1nh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n thu\u1ed1c khi h\u00f2a chung. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 pha ch\u1ebf m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129, nh\u01b0 th\u00eam s\u1eefa ch\u00edn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0103n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam t\u00e1nh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u00eam ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kinh v\u1eady: \u201cDo ba t\u00e1nh n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c T\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u1ee3c (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> l\u00e0m cho thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u1ea7n hi\u1ec7u) th\u00ec n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafp trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c t\u00e1n v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ti\u00ean<\/span>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, do ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o kh\u1eafp trong c\u00e1c kinh ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9t v\u1ebd m\u00e0u th\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u00e9t v\u1ebd, l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t v\u1ebd \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c xanh ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c tr\u1eafng, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho r\u00f5 ra nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t v\u1ebd \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, do ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1eafp trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kinh ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span>, l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c kinh \u1ea5y c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd v\u1ecb<\/span>, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m cho r\u00f5 ra ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> trong c\u00e1c kinh \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> b\u00e1nh tr\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn v\u00e0 qu\u00ed m\u00e0 b\u1ecf s\u1eefa ch\u00edn v\u00e0o th\u00ec c\u00e0ng th\u00eam m\u00f9i v\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, do ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kinh ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m sinh ra n\u1ed7i th\u00edch th\u00fa<\/span> si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t<\/span>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u00eam ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00e1c kinh nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u1eady. H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> chi c\u1ea3. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> cho s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span>, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, do ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u00ec kh\u1eafp trong c\u00e1c kinh ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh<\/span>, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c tu c\u1ee7a Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> \u0110\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- Ph\u1ea7n ba<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> ca ng\u1ee3i<\/span> s\u1ef1 l\u00fd<\/span> gi\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh th\u01b0a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> b\u1ea3o ng\u00e0i: T\u1ed1t l\u1eafm, Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh, \u00f4ng kh\u00e9o l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span> m\u1eadt \u00fd<\/span> s\u00e2u xa<\/span> m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4ng kh\u00e9o v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> \u1ea5y, v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> thu\u1ed1c T\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9t v\u1ebd m\u00e0u, nh\u01b0 s\u1eefa ch\u00edn, nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng n\u00f3i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c g\u00ec h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4ng h\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- \u0110o\u1ea1n t\u00e1m<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y chia ra 2 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> trong l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span> vai tr\u00f2<\/span> r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e0nh 3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span>, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 H\u1eeeU, KH\u00d4NG v\u00e0 TRUNG. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i<\/span> v\u00e0 tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

a.1- Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> H\u1eeeU<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e1nh xe ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u1eddn Nai<\/span>. N\u00f3i ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Thanh V\u0103n Th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh l\u1ea1i th\u01b0a Ph\u1eadt: B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, x\u01b0a kia<\/span>, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, khi \u1edf trong r\u1eebng ban cho<\/span> lo\u00e0i nai ch\u1ed7 ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span> Ba La<\/span> Ni\u1ec7t T\u01b0 sa xu\u1ed1ng<\/span> (t\u1ee9c v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u1ed9c Uy\u1ec3n<\/span>) \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> Thanh V\u0103n th\u1eeba<\/span>, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span>, tuy r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1, r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1eddi trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng ai chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> n\u1ea7y v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span> c\u00e1i tr\u00ean n\u1eefa, v\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3 ph\u00e1, l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span>, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tranh lu\u1eadn\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

a.2- Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> KH\u00d4NG<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cK\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> th\u1ee9 hai, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 \u1ea9n m\u1eadt<\/span> m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span>. Tuy c\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1, c\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> n\u1ea7y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i tr\u00ean n\u1eefa, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3 ph\u00e1, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span>, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tranh lu\u1eadn\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

a.3- Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> Trung \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 ba th\u1eeba<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o tr\u00ean n\u1eefa, ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u00f2n nay, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> th\u1ee9 ba, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> kh\u1eafp v\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb xu h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ebf<\/span> Th\u1eeba (c\u1ed7 xe \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3, Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1eeba<\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span> c\u1ea3 3 th\u1eeba n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> do ba t\u00e1nh n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch<\/span> m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span>, c\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec tr\u00ean n\u1eefa, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span> s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3 ph\u00e1 n\u00e0o n\u1eefa, ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tranh lu\u1eadn<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u xa<\/span> v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd<\/span> do ba v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, b\u1ea3n lai<\/span> v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i ra \u0111\u00e2y. N\u1ebfu thi\u1ec7n nam<\/span> hay thi\u1ec7n n\u1eef<\/span> n\u00e0o nghe r\u1ed3i tin hi\u1ec3u, sao ch\u00e9p, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n<\/span>, hi\u1ebfn c\u00fang, truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span>, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span>, t\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed9c, tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, t\u01b0 duy<\/span> \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd, v\u00e0 \u0111em s\u1ef1 tu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, th\u00ec ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c?<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Ph\u1ea7n hai<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 tu h\u1ecdc<\/span> ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh th\u01b0a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i: Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh, thi\u1ec7n nam<\/span> hay thi\u1ec7n n\u1eef<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span> l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> nay ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i cho \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01a1i m\u00f3ng tay m\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ng\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n s\u1ed5, to\u00e1n, k\u1ebf, d\u1ee5, \u00f4 ba<\/span> ni s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e0m (ghi ch\u00fa: S\u1ed1, to\u00e1n, k\u1ebf, d\u1ee5, tham kh\u1ea3o<\/span> V\u1ea1n 34\/416. \u00d4 ba<\/span> ni s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e0m th\u00ec \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span> c\u00f3 60 c\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1, (Trung Hoa c\u00f3 15 c\u1ea5p), c\u1ea5p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> l\u00e0 \u00f4 ba<\/span> ni s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e0m)”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 m\u00e0 so s\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> d\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u00f4 ba<\/span> ni s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e0m.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kinh ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> m\u00e0 nghe r\u1ed3i tin hi\u1ec3u, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111em s\u1ef1 tu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, c\u00e1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111em so s\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc nghe r\u1ed3i tin hi\u1ec3u, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> \u0111em c\u00e1i tu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span> n\u1ea7y, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u00f4 ba<\/span> ni s\u00e1t \u0111\u00e0m\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- \u0110o\u1ea1n ch\u00edn<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u00ean l\u00e0: Ngh\u0129a L\u00fd<\/span> Ho\u00e0n H\u1ea3o<\/span> V\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span>. L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i, \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh l\u1ea1i th\u01b0a ng\u00e0i: B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span>, ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y n\u00ean m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u00fang con ph\u1ea3i k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n ghi nh\u1edb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> d\u1ea1y: Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> Sinh, ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ngh\u0129a L\u00fd<\/span> Ho\u00e0n H\u1ea3o<\/span> V\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span>. \u00d4ng h\u00e3y k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n ghi nh\u1edb theo c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u1ea7y\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p tho\u1ea1i<\/span> Ngh\u0129a L\u00fd<\/span> Ho\u00e0n H\u1ea3o<\/span> V\u1ec1 Th\u1eafng Ngh\u0129a<\/span> n\u1ea7y th\u00ec trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u00e1u tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>. Ba tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> l\u00e1nh xa<\/span> b\u1ee5i b\u1eb7m, t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi d\u01a1 b\u1ea9n<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eaft ph\u00e1p trong s\u00e1ng<\/span>. M\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0n Thanh V\u0103n<\/span> h\u1ebft h\u1eb3n m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u01a1 h\u1edf (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadu, t\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>), t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>. B\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ng\u00e0n B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 sinh ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u1eabn\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Gi\u1ea3i Th\u00e2m M\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span> c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span>. Ngay c\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Khi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span> Tr\u0103m Ph\u00e1p v.v… ta \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 theo kinh n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Ba T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 Ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fd B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang m\u00f4n Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c kinh. C\u00e1c T\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat t\u1ec9a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft<\/span> c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span> h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh<\/span> m\u00f4n Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- V\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span> trong kinh Lank\u00e2vat\u00e2ra-s\u0169tra<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Nh\u01a1n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong kinh L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ba V\u00f4 T\u00e1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 th\u01b0a th\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> m\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Nh\u01a1n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o qu\u00e1n hai th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 hai t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 ng\u00e3?<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 Nh\u01a1n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 Nh\u01a1n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3? T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00eca Ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 Ng\u00e3 S\u1edf<\/span>, \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp h\u1ecdp, v\u00f4 minh nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1i<\/span> sanh. Nh\u00e3n s\u1eafc v.v\u2026 nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> sanh th\u1ee9c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u1ee7a T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span> hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span>, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e8n, nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3, nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y, s\u00e1t na<\/span> l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> ho\u1ea1i. Th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ec9<\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3n, \u01b0a ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/span> nh\u01b0 ru\u1ed3i l\u1eb1n, kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n<\/span> nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i l\u1eeda.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01a1n t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe \u0111\u1ea1p n\u01b0\u1edbc, sanh t\u1eed<\/span> l\u0103n l\u1ed9n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f5i, th\u1ecd c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 th\u00e2n s\u1eafc<\/span>, nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span> thu\u1eadt, th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa<\/span>, m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00ecnh \u0111i. Kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng kia g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u01a1n V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi ch\u1ea5p \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp h\u1ecdp th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span>, th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nh\u01a1n ng\u00e3. N\u1ebfu l\u00eca ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span> th\u00ec \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp li\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u01a1n. T\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1i<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh ra \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp. C\u00e1c th\u1ee9c nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1eafc. T\u00e0ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean c\u00e1i h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> m\u00e0 lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe \u0111\u1ea1p n\u01b0\u1edbc xoay v\u1ea7n ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span> n\u00f3i l\u00ean trong th\u00e2n n\u0103m u\u1ea9n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ec3”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u01a1n v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>. Nh\u01a1n v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> n\u1ea7y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a tr\u00ed<\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span>. N\u00ean kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cKh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng kia g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n v\u00f4 ng\u00e3\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh<\/span> ph\u00e1t nghi\u1ec7p, \u00e1i th\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span>, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t<\/span> duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp<\/span> xa l\u00eca<\/span> v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 xa l\u00eca<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span> tr\u00ed? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u00e1c \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Nh\u01b0 \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp l\u00eca ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span>. \u1ea4m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m, nh\u01a1n nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1i r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span> l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3c duy\u00ean nhau sanh, kh\u00f4ng di\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng v\u1eady. L\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, s\u1ee9c v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> sanh, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n<\/span>. V\u00ec t\u00e2m, \u00fd, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00eca. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cN\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, ph\u00e1p \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u1ec9 do t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Khi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> bi\u1ebft li\u1ec1n l\u00eca ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span>. T\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh<\/span> ph\u00e1t nghi\u1ec7p, \u00e1i th\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span>, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3c duy\u00ean sanh<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00fd b\u1ea3n tr\u1ee5 (ch\u01a1n t\u00e1nh) v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng di\u00eau\u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00eca, do v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> v\u1ecdng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> s\u1ee9c v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> m\u00ea ch\u1ea5p<\/span> khi\u1ebfn ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ed9i ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e0m phu<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3<\/span>, Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eeba<\/span> l\u1ea1i r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1p<\/span>. L\u00eca v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Do T\u00e2m, \u00dd, \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span> b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1nh v\u00e0 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, cho n\u00ean trong kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cV\u00ec T\u00e2m, \u00dd, \u00dd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00eca. \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u00e3\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Thi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

a- L\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span>, \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 do l\u1ed7i v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span>, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh n\u00f3i \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. L\u1ea1i n\u00f3i \u201cph\u00e1p ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng bu\u00f4ng\u201d v\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u201c\u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u do Nh\u01b0 Lai T\u00e0ng<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u00ea ch\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u00e0 sinh ra nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u01b0 ng\u1ee5y<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 do \u201cc\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> m\u00e0 sanh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp kia nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, nh\u01a1n, ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng<\/span>, tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span>, s\u0129 phu<\/span> d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 nh\u01a1n d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u01a1n sanh, sau ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span> v\u1ed1n ch\u1eb3ng sanh nh\u00e3n, s\u1eafc, minh, gi\u1edbi, ni\u1ec7m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc sanh, sanh r\u1ed3i, th\u1eadt c\u00f3 r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span> ho\u1ea1i. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 nh\u01a1n d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh n\u00f3i \u201cki\u1ebfn\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u201cng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn\u201d n\u01a1i \u1ea5m gi\u1edbi nh\u1eadp, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u01a1n ng\u00e3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ee9c ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u01a1n sanh\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u00ea t\u00e0ng sinh th\u1ee9c, do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 sinh nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng, chuy\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb m\u00ea ch\u1ea5p<\/span> m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 sanh m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 nh\u01a1n sanh. Do \u0111\u00f3 kinh n\u00f3i \u201c\u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 nh\u01a1n d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u00e1nh d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng v.v\u2026 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ra, ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u00e1nh d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u1ea7y l\u00eca t\u00e1nh phi t\u00e1nh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> s\u1eebng th\u1ecf<\/span>, s\u1eebng ng\u1ef1a v.v\u2026 nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5y t\u00f3c r\u0169, l\u00eca c\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edbng. D\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span> l\u00e0 ngu phu<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e9o qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n<\/span>. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean l\u00eca \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn<\/span> d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span>, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tu h\u1ecdc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y n\u00f3i l\u00eca t\u00e1nh phi t\u00e1nh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00eca c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1nh l\u1eadp ra t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u00eca c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u1eadp ra cho n\u00ean l\u00eca c\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00eca ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 (kh\u00f4ng). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00eca c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Cho n\u00ean d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp, ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- C\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, \u00fd, \u00fd th\u1ee9c<\/span>, ba t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, hai v\u00f4 ng\u00e3<\/span>, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> (gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>). V\u00ec an ch\u00fang sanh<\/span> n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed7 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, y n\u01a1i duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>. V\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u00e1c s\u1eafc hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ea3o ch\u00e2u<\/span> nh\u01b0 \u00fd<\/span>, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1eafp hi\u1ec7n \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang<\/span> nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp, th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf trong \u1ea5y nghe nh\u1eadn Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p<\/span>. N\u00ean n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> huy\u1ec5n, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng, b\u00f3ng trong n\u1eafng, tr\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00eca sanh, di\u1ec7t, \u0111o\u1ea1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u00eca ph\u00e1p Thanh V\u0103n<\/span>, Duy\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n \u1ee9c na do tha<\/span> tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span> r\u1ed3i, d\u1ea1o \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, sanh trong c\u00e1c thi\u00ean cung<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> Tam B\u1ea3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 Thanh V\u0103n<\/span>, B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00e2y quanh, d\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m<\/span> hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> di\u1ec5n n\u00f3i ngo\u1ea1i t\u00e1nh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>, th\u1ea3y khi\u1ebfn xa l\u00eca<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng v.v\u2026\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng b\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> ph\u00e0m th\u00e1nh<\/span> l\u00e0m h\u1ea1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y th\u1eddi<\/span> xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n, xa l\u00eca<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> mu\u1ed1n tr\u00f9ng tuy\u00ean l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a n\u1ea7y n\u00ean n\u00f3i k\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt T\u1eed<\/span> qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00eca h\u00e0nh s\u1edf t\u00e1c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

4- B\u1ea3y t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u1ea5y \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> th\u1ec9nh h\u1ecfi Ph\u1eadt: C\u00fai mong \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> v\u00ec ch\u00fang con n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng hai, l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. C\u00e1c con v\u00e0 ch\u00fang B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u00e1c gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng hai, l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> r\u1ed3i th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00eca v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c? Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> b\u1ea3o B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>: L\u1eafng nghe! L\u1eafng nghe! Kh\u00e9o suy ngh\u0129<\/span> \u0111\u00f3, nay s\u1ebd v\u00ec \u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00f3i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span> b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt<\/span>: \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span>, l\u00e0nh thay!<\/span> Ch\u00fang con xin v\u00e2ng th\u1ecd gi\u00e1o\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7<\/span>: Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng hai, l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Kia l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, v\u00f4 h\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> ly ng\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, b\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao kinh<\/span> n\u00f3i \u201ckh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng\u201d, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>, l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng hai, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, b\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng v.v\u2026 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> t\u1ef1 ng\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> ch\u1ec9 ra ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng. V\u00ec ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- T\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng. Qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00ec s\u1ef1 tri\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>, t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng sanh, t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1, tha, c\u00e2u (chung) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh<\/span>, cho n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eb3ng tr\u1ee5. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 danh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng v\u1eady\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. T\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> c\u1ed9ng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 tha, n\u0103ng s\u1edf<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng. Kinh n\u00f3i \u201cdanh\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m, \u201ct\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span>. T\u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m c\u0169ng l\u00e0 do v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Khi ng\u1ed9 th\u00ec c\u1ea3 danh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Khi \u1ea5y m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- T\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng sanh. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, n\u00ean n\u00f3i t\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do duy\u00ean sanh<\/span>. C\u00e1i n\u1ea7y t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o c\u00e1i kia, khi h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span> th\u00ec sinh ra c\u00e1i m\u1edbi, khi c\u00e1c duy\u00ean tan r\u00e3 th\u00ec v\u1eadt \u1ea5y s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kinh n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

c- H\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1ea5m l\u00eca ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span>. Nh\u01a1n s\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00ean s\u1edf t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> sanh, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01a1n s\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. S\u1edf t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n do \u1ea5m sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi l\u00eca ng\u00e3 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn<\/span> th\u1ee9c), ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>. \u1ea4m l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eafc, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9c. \u1ea4m l\u00eca ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf<\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c duy\u00ean tan r\u00e3 khi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u00e0nh n\u1eefa n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

d- V\u00f4 h\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! T\u1ee9c c\u00e1i h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y tri\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>, t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> t\u00e1nh, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00e0nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTri\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00e0nh\u201d. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c duy\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u1edfi ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> tan r\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span> \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u00f4 h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

e- Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> ly ng\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> ly ng\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00eca ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> ly ng\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>. \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 tu t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> m\u00f3i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng mu\u1ed1n tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span>, l\u00eca v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p<\/span> n\u01a1i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span> th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3 lu\u00f4n c\u00e1i \u201cnh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p ly ng\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft\u201d \u1ea5y m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 kinh n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p ly ng\u00f4n<\/span> thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

f- Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ed7i t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> kh\u00f4ng, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span> th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c<\/span>, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh tr\u00ed, trong \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>. T\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> v\u1ed1n l\u00eca c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed7, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a<\/span>. Do \u0111\u00f3 kinh n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

g- B\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kia kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng kia, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Th\u00ed nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1ed9c t\u1eed m\u1eabu<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 voi ng\u1ef1a tr\u00e2u d\u00ea v.v\u2026, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fang t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span>, m\u00e0 n\u00f3i kia kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span>, t\u1ef3 kheo<\/span> t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng voi ng\u1ef1a. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng. Kia n\u01a1i kia kh\u00f4ng kia, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1i b\u1ec9 b\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t th\u00f4, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xa l\u00eca\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n n\u1ea7y n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f3 tha t\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>. Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> ch\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 b\u1ea3y ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. L\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng tha t\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f4 Sanh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Ch\u1eb3ng t\u1ef1 sanh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb3ng sanh. Tr\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee5 tam mu\u1ed9i<\/span>, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sanh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ed1n v\u00f4 sanh t\u00e1nh<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng t\u1ef1 sanh. \u201cCh\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eb3ng sanh\u201d l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00ec li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean kh\u00e1c n\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u00ecnh di\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span> in tu\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 sanh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span>, m\u00ea t\u1ec9nh ch\u01b0a d\u1ee9t n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01a1n t\u00e1nh v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u201cph\u00e1p nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean<\/span> sanh ra, ta n\u00f3i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng\u201d. T\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 sanh<\/span> n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ee5 tam mu\u00f4i m\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- T\u00e1nh ly t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cL\u00eca t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>. L\u00eca t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u00ec s\u00e1t na<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span> v\u00e0 d\u1ecb t\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e1nh l\u00eca t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, th\u1ebf n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e1nh ly t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00eca t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span> v\u00f4 sanh<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00eca t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 sanh\u201d. T\u00e1nh ly t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u00ec ch\u00ednh khi sanh l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng sanh. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u01b0u ch\u00fa<\/span>, s\u00e1t na<\/span> ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng, t\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> hai<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hai? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u1ea1nh n\u00f3ng, d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn, \u0111en tr\u1eafng\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng hai.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> hai, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e2y Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, kia sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e2y sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, kia Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. V\u00ec t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nh\u01a1n kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hai. Nh\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span>. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng hai, l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tu h\u1ecdc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, ngo\u00e0i sanh t\u1eed<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. Sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u01a1n kh\u00e1c, sanh t\u1eed<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i hai t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 nh\u01a1n ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i hai nh\u01a1n, n\u00ean n\u00f3i nh\u01a1n kh\u00e1c, t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c sinh ra t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00ea, ng\u1ed9, ch\u01a1n, v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n t\u00e2m<\/span> bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> n\u00ean v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean kinh n\u00f3i \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> hai\u201d, ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3i \u201ct\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p duy th\u1ee9c\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f9ng ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- B\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng: Kh\u00f4ng, V\u00f4 Sanh<\/span>, Kh\u00f4ng Hai, L\u00eca T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cKhi \u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> mu\u1ed1n tr\u00f9ng tuy\u00ean l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129a n\u1ea7y, n\u00f3i k\u1ec7 r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Xa l\u00eca<\/span> n\u01a1i \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sanh t\u1eed<\/span> nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n<\/span> m\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p kia ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> hai c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ngu phu<\/span> kh\u1edfi v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0 Th\u00e1nh l\u00eca c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u00e0 n\u00f3i t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 xa l\u00eca<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i, h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>, di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> hai c\u0169ng th\u1ebf<\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, c\u00f2n l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng. Ph\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y l\u00e0 l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span>, c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> t\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span> l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7 B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> r\u1eb1ng: N\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ea1i Hu\u1ec7! Kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4 sanh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng hai, l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span>, kh\u1eafp v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u00e0m c\u00f3 kinh \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y. V\u00ec c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> th\u1ea3y t\u00f9y theo<\/span> t\u00e2m hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh<\/span>, v\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u00f3i hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y<\/span> ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt t\u1ea1i ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>. V\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span> m\u1ed9t con nai kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m m\u00ea l\u1ea7m<\/span> c\u1ea3 b\u1ea7y nai. Nai \u1edf n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u1edbng kia ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> th\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00e0 n\u01a1i kia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span> n\u00f3i ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00ec khi\u1ebfn k\u1ebb ngu ph\u00e1t hoan h\u1ef7 t\u00e2m<\/span>, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt th\u00e1nh tr\u00ed<\/span> \u1edf n\u01a1i ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i y n\u01a1i ngh\u0129a ch\u1edb ch\u1ea5p ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kinh t\u00f9y n\u01a1i t\u00e2m hy v\u1ecdng<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span> d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i b\u00e0y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, V\u00f4 Sanh<\/span>, Kh\u00f4ng Hai, L\u00eca T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> d\u1ea1y ngh\u0129a ch\u01a1n<\/span> th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng<\/span> ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m \u1edf ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00f3i d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span> ch\u1ec9 ra ngh\u0129a l\u00fd<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c d\u00f9ng tay ch\u1ec9 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span>. Ng\u00f3n tay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u00e3y n\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00f3n tay m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng<\/span> tr\u00ean cao kia.<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG CH\u00cdN <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00c0NH TR\u00ccNH<\/span> CHUY\u1ec2N TH\u1ee8C<\/span> TH\u00c0NH TR\u00cd<\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

I- H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca T\u01af L\u01af\u01a0NG<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t qua v\u1ec1 T\u01af\u1edaNG v\u00e0 T\u00c1NH c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n Th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00e0nh Tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 hai ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> n\u0103m h\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u1ecb s\u1ebd ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> th\u00e0nh tr\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

* B\u1ea3n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ee7ng T\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9a trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u1ed1n t\u00e1nh c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>, ph\u00e1p nh\u0129<\/span> s\u1eb5n c\u00f3, t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> l\u1ea1i, y ph\u1ee5 n\u01a1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

* T\u00e2n hu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> trong T\u00e0ng Th\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> do hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e0nh, t\u1ee9c do nghe ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span>, t\u1eeb ph\u00e1p<\/span> gi\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> l\u01b0u xu\u1ea5t, nghe r\u1ed3i suy ngh\u0129<\/span>, suy ngh\u0129<\/span> r\u1ed3i tu t\u1eadp<\/span>, hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m h\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ecb<\/span>, Gia H\u1ea1nh V\u1ecb<\/span>, Th\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1t V\u1ecb<\/span>, Tu T\u1eadp V\u1ecb<\/span>, C\u1ee9u C\u00e1nh V\u1ecb<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp<\/span> thu\u1eadn theo<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> ph\u1ea7n (Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00e3i ch\u00ed<\/span> v\u1ecb kh\u1edfi th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

(Y\u00e3vad vijn\u00e3ptim\u00e3tratve)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5 duy th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

(Vijn\u00e3nam na avatisthati)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u01af nh\u1ecb th\u1ee7<\/span> t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Gr\u00e3ha dvayasya anusayas)<\/span><\/p>\n

Du v\u1ecb n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(T\u00e3van na vinivartate)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5 duy th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f2n t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> hai th\u1ee7<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c di\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a kh\u1edfi\u201d, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> t\u1eeb khi ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u01b0a kh\u1edfi l\u00ean th\u1ee9c thu\u1eadn theo<\/span> ph\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ch<\/span> c\u1ee7a Gia H\u1ea1nh V\u1ecb<\/span> c\u1ea7u tr\u1ee5 t\u00e1nh ch\u01a1n th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> c\u1ee7a Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, si\u00eang n\u0103ng tu t\u1eadp<\/span> c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u1edf h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o b\u1ed1n l\u1ef1c th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: N\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n, thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span>, t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>; nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u ng\u1ed9<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 v\u00ec hai th\u1ee7 c\u00f2n ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c n\u1ea7y v\u1eady. T\u1eadp kh\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ee7 n\u1ea7y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00f9y mi\u00ean \u201c c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ee7. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tr\u1ee5 trong T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ecb<\/span> n\u1ea7y, tuy kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n vi t\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 hai t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec v\u00ec s\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n<\/span> c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 tu h\u1ea1nh Ba La M\u1eadt<\/span>. Ba h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u (b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span>, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span>, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span>) l\u00e0 tu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c. Hai h\u1ea1nh Tinh T\u1ea5n<\/span> v\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed. H\u1ea1nh sau c\u00f9ng Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7<\/span> l\u00e0 tu v\u1ec1 Tr\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c th\u1eafng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> n\u1ebfu do tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0m t\u00e1nh th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u00ed, ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1eafng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ecb<\/span> n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

II- H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca GIA H\u1ea0NH<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb tu t\u1eadp<\/span> thu\u1eadn theo<\/span> quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea7n<\/span> (Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng, c\u00f3 4 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 Gia H\u1ea1nh V\u1ecb<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span> l\u1eadp thi\u1ec3u v\u1eadt<\/span><\/p>\n

(Vijinaptim\u00e3tram eva idam)<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ecb th\u1ecb Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> T\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

(Ity api hy upalambhatah)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u0129 h\u1eefu s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> c\u1ed1<\/span><\/p>\n

(Sth\u00e3payannagratah kimcit)<\/span><\/p>\n

Phi th\u1eadt tr\u1ee5 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Tanm\u00e3tre na avatisthate)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u00edt<\/span><\/p>\n

Cho l\u00e0 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00f2n ch\u1ed7 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt tr\u1ee5 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 c\u00e2u \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u00edt\u201d, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfn tu<\/span>, t\u00edch t\u1eadp Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c<\/span>, Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7<\/span>, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng, mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>, tr\u1ee5 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> T\u00e1nh, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> tu b\u1ed1n gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span> hai th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 tu \u0111\u1eafc No\u00e3n, \u0110\u1ea3nh, Nh\u1eabn, Th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ch<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p No\u00e3n, \u0110\u1ea3nh, Nh\u1eabn, Th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 m\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 Danh, T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 Ngh\u0129a, T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp<\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span>. V\u00ec n\u1ebfu l\u00eca Th\u1ee9c th\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span>, c\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Danh v\u00e0 Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hai t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00ean T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 Ri\u00eang Bi\u1ec7t. T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00e0 Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ee7a Danh v\u00e0 Ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau n\u00ean h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e0 suy t\u1ea7m, t\u01b0 s\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u01a1i b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecbnh (Minh \u0110\u1eafc \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, Minh T\u0103ng \u0110\u1ecbnh, \u1ea4n Thu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span>, V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n<\/span> \u0110\u1ecbnh) m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c No\u00e3n, \u0110\u1ea3nh, Nh\u1eabn, Th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- T\u1eeb Minh<\/span> \u0110\u1eafc \u0110\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c No\u00e3n v\u1ecb:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 b\u1eadc h\u1ea1, qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span>, qu\u00e1n b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> l\u00e0 Danh, Ngh\u0129a, T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3 thi thi\u1ebft n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec th\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cMinh \u0110\u1eafc\u201d l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eeda \u0110\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNo\u00e3n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- T\u1eeb Minh<\/span> T\u0103ng \u0110\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3nh v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span>, v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> qu\u00e1n b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p Danh<\/span>, Ngh\u0129a, T\u1ef1 T\u00e1nh<\/span>, Sai Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do Th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3 thi thi\u1ebft th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span>. L\u00fac \u1ea5y<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span> tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> b\u1eebng s\u00e1ng d\u1ea7n t\u0103ng l\u00ean n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cMinh T\u0103ng\u201d, v\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb T\u1ea7m T\u01b0 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1ea3nh\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- T\u1eeb \u1ea4n Thu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u1eabn v\u1ecb<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/span> b\u1eadc h\u1ea1, \u1ea5n nh\u1eadp gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201ckh\u00f4ng s\u1edf th\u1ee7\u201d, vui nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u201ckh\u00f4ng n\u0103ng th\u1ee7\u201d. N\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span>, s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> ch\u1ec9 do \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt<\/span> c\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 do Th\u1ee9c bi\u1ebfn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n. Khi \u1ea4n nh\u1eadp, t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span>, chung g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNh\u1eabn\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ea4n nh\u1eadp \u201ckh\u00f4ng s\u1edf th\u1ee7\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn<\/span> \u201ckh\u00f4ng n\u0103ng th\u1ee7\u201d sau n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u1ea4n Thu\u1eadn\u201d. Nh\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu C\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNh\u1eabn V\u1ecb\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- T\u1eeb V\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n<\/span> \u0110\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ebf \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t V\u1ecb<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt<\/span> b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u1ea5n nh\u1eadp l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng (n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> kh\u00f4ng) \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00e0o Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> V\u1ecb. V\u00ec li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span> kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cV\u00f4 Gi\u00e1n\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1ebf \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u1edf h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y v\u00ec c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt ch\u1ee9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb hai t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> T\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> t\u00edch t\u1ee5<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> b\u1ed1n h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean n\u00ean t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u00ed\u201d l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y \u201cc\u00f3\u201d ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d n\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u201cTr\u1ee5 Duy Th\u1ee9c\u201d l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

Do ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean m\u00e0 trong t\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cB\u1ed3 T\u00e1t \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh. Qu\u00e1n \u1ea3nh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span>. Th\u1ea9m qu\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u1ee5 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m<\/span>. Bi\u1ebft \u201cs\u1edf th\u1ee7\u201d ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3<\/span><\/p>\n

Bi\u1ebft \u201cn\u0103ng th\u1ee7\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng. Sau ch\u1ee9ng v\u00f4 s\u1edf<\/span> \u0111\u1eafc\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

III- H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca TH\u00d4NG \u0110\u1ea0T<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecba<\/span> v\u1ecb th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n c\u00e2u t\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 Th\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1t V\u1ecb<\/span> trong Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi \u01b0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Yad\u00e3lambanam vijin\u00e3nam)<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Na eva upalabhate tad\u00e3)<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u0129 th\u1eddi tr\u1ee5 duy th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Sthitam vijin\u00e3nam\u00e3tratve)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ly nh\u1ecb th\u1ee7<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ed1<\/span><\/p>\n

(Gr\u00e3hya abh\u00e3ve tad agrah\u00e3t)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi n\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 m\u1edbi tr\u1ee5 Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee7.<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span>, tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u1edbi th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 an tr\u1ee5 ch\u01a1n th\u1eafng ngh\u0129a<\/span> Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span>. Tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00eca hai t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span>. V\u00ec hai t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00fd lu\u1eadn<\/span> do t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00f3 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed Kh\u00f4ng Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span> tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span> tu Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn khi Tr\u00ed Kh\u00f4ng Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ph\u00e1t sanh th\u00ec th\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1t<\/span>. \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span> n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u1ea1i chia hai ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 Ch\u01a1n Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Ch\u01a1n Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed Kh\u00f4ng Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ch\u01a1n l\u00fd, th\u1ef1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Hai kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/span>, hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- T\u01b0\u1edbng Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 T\u01b0\u1edbng Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span> nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Qu\u00e1n Phi An L\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea5y h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean. Tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3<\/span> l\u00e0m duy\u00ean. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4ng qua v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Qu\u00e1n Duy\u00ean An L\u1eadp<\/span> \u0110\u1ebf (T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>)<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

* Qu\u00e1n t\u00e1nh ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5 \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> trong ba c\u00f5i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

* Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> kh\u1ecfi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

* Ph\u00e1t sanh tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

* Ph\u00e1t sanh tr\u00ed v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eadp \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf<\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> c\u0169ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp m\u00e0 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> t\u00e1nh ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u01a1n t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng trong ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> s\u00e1u hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span> theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

3- T\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> b\u1edfi T\u01b0 T\u00e2m<\/span> S\u1edf, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- T\u00edn hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Duy\u00ean qu\u00e1n<\/span> theo Tam B\u1ea3o<\/span> Th\u1ebf v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span>, ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00f2ng tin thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, gi\u00fap cho hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span> kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec5n n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00edn Hi\u1ec7n Qu\u00e1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span> gi\u1edbi, gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb<\/span> c\u1ea5u u\u1ebf<\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi<\/span>, gi\u00fap cho qu\u00e1n tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u00e0ng th\u00eam ph\u00e1t huy n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi Hi\u1ec7n Qu\u00e1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span> tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00ed c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t duy\u00ean<\/span> phi an l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n bi\u00ean<\/span> tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c Tr\u00ed duy\u00ean<\/span> an l\u1eadp<\/span> \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian<\/span> v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span> ti\u1ebfp theo<\/span> sau hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span> tr\u00ed hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> qu\u00e1n n\u1ea7y.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- C\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1n<\/span> l\u00e0 Tr\u00ed \u1edf h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

IV- H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca TU T\u1eacP<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tr\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> tu \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Tu T\u1eadp V\u1ecb<\/span>, Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u t\u1ee5ng:<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00f4 \u0111\u1eafc b\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec<\/span><\/p>\n

(Acitto \u2018nupalambho \u2018sau)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian tr\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Jn\u00e3nam lokottaram ca tat)<\/span><\/p>\n

X\u1ea3 nh\u1ecb th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ed1<\/span><\/p>\n

(\u00c3srayasya par\u00e3vrttir dvidh\u00e3)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Dausthulya h\u00e3nitah)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cV\u00f4 \u0110\u1eafc\u201d, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c \u201cTr\u00ed Xu\u1ea5t Th\u1ebf<\/span> gian\u201d (v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ed<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

Do d\u1ee9t hai \u201cth\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cchuy\u1ec3n y\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ti\u1ebfn tu<\/span> mu\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e2u sanh, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span> n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng tinh<\/span> t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp<\/span> tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>. Tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y xa l\u00eca<\/span> s\u1edf th\u1ee7<\/span> v\u00e0 n\u0103ng th\u1ee7<\/span> n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1eafc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n. \u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ee7 l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c th\u1ebf gian<\/span>, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ed xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span>, v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ed<\/span> trong m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba, tinh t\u1ea5n tu t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u00ec x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, v\u00ec t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00f4 k\u1ec7ch<\/span> n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kham nh\u1eadm n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf hai th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng kia xong m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cchuy\u1ec3n y\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cY\u201d trong \u201cchuy\u1ec3n y\u201d, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a cho ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u1ecbnh. Ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho Bi\u1ebfn K\u1ebf S\u1edf Ch\u1ea5p<\/span> h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng<\/span>. Ph\u00e1p t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Vi\u00ean Th\u00e0nh<\/span> Th\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cChuy\u1ec3n\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hai ph\u1ea7n Nhi\u1ec5m, T\u1ecbnh n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m y tha<\/span> kh\u1edfi. chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec5m, g\u1ea1n l\u1ecdc<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ecf phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ecf s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1c<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i \u201cchuy\u1ec3n y\u201d \u00fd mu\u1ed1n<\/span> n\u00f3i r\u00f5 chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> (v\u00ec Duy Th\u1ee9c<\/span> T\u00e1nh t\u1ee9c Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>) \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eeba<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t\u201d, c\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u1ee9c \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i M\u00e2u Ni\u201d (Ph\u1eadt) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span> l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t\u201d v\u00e0 \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i M\u00e2u Ni\u201d th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba, tu m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, d\u1ee9t m\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ecdng ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, ch\u1ee9ng m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>, sau m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> hai chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span> n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

A- Tr\u1ee5 trong M\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ecba<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

1- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba C\u1ef1c Vui <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh, ch\u1ee9ng hai kh\u00f4ng, l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c<\/span> cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cho ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p h\u1ef7<\/span> r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba L\u00eca C\u1ea5u Nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> xa l\u00eca<\/span> c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u1edbng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> tr\u00e1nh sai ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi<\/span> vi t\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u00e1t S\u00e1ng <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span>, t\u1ed5ng tr\u00ec<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p<\/span>, ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00ed<\/span> hu\u1ec7.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba Di\u1ec7m Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> an tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, l\u1eeda tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span> c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba C\u1ef1c Kh\u00f3 Th\u1eafng<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Hai tr\u00ed t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ch\u01a1n, h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u00e1i ngh\u1ecbch nhau, h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0m cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> nhau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c kh\u00f3 th\u1eafng.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba Hi\u1ec7n Ti\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> an tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0o tr\u00ed bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span>, d\u1eabn kh\u1edfi khi\u1ebfn cho tr\u00ed b\u00e1t nh\u00e3<\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> ra hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba Vi\u1ec5n H\u00e0nh<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ng\u1eb1n m\u00e9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> tr\u00fa, v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean c\u1ea3nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian<\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec5n H\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> tr\u00ed v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, nh\u1eadm v\u1eadn<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n lay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba Thi\u1ec7n Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span> gi\u1ea3i vi di\u1ec7u<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span>, kh\u00e9o n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n Hu\u1ec7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ecba Ph\u00e1p V\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p<\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> che tr\u00f9m h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span> l\u1ea5p hai t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng, l\u00e0m ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span> sung m\u00e3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba n\u00f3i tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> h\u1eefu vi<\/span>, v\u00f4 vi<\/span>, g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span> nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng ph\u00e1p<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh<\/span> tinh ti\u1ebfn<\/span>, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span> h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- Tu m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f3n Th\u1eafng H\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> ph\u1ea3i tu m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: B\u1ed1 Th\u00ed<\/span>, Tr\u00ec Gi\u1edbi<\/span>, Nh\u1eabn Nh\u1ee5c<\/span>, Tinh T\u1ea5n<\/span>, T\u1ecbnh L\u1ef1<\/span>, B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span> (tu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> v\u1ec1 sanh kh\u00f4ng<\/span>, ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u1ea3 hai kh\u00f4ng), Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n Thi\u1ec7n X\u1ea3o<\/span>, Nguy\u1ec7n, L\u1ef1c, Tr\u00ed (tr\u00ed th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1c<\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u00e0nh<\/span> th\u1ee5c h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> b\u1ea3y \u0111i\u1ec1u T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1eafng H\u1ea1nh<\/span> tr\u00ean ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> b\u1ea3y \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh<\/span> Ba La M\u1eadt \u0110a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3y t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: An Tr\u00fa<\/span> T\u1ed1i Th\u1eafng<\/span> (an tr\u00fa<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span>), Y Ch\u1ec9<\/span> (y ch\u1ec9<\/span> t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>), \u00dd L\u1ea1c<\/span> (th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t<\/span> ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh), S\u1ef1 Nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> (h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<\/span>), X\u1ea3o Ti\u1ec7n (ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span>), H\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> (h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span>), Thanh T\u1ecbnh<\/span> (kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng xen t\u1ea1p).<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Tu d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1nh D\u1ecb Sanh<\/span> (ph\u00e0m phu<\/span>)<\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span> ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t kh\u1edfi<\/span> m\u00e0 l\u1eadp l\u00e0m d\u1ecb sanh t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a T\u00e0 H\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m<\/span> ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i trong ba nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd, do c\u00e2u sanh s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi r\u1ea5t thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9n<\/span>: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, suy ni\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c<\/span> h\u00e0nh, b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean, l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> t\u1ed5ng tr\u00ec<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 ba.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> vi t\u1ebf<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span> chung kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u. V\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i h\u1ea1 ph\u1ea9m<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> m\u00e0 v\u1eabn duy\u00ean, t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ee7y<\/span> v\u1eabn theo hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>, h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 th\u1eeba<\/span> B\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u00e1n kh\u1ed5 t\u00ecm vui, ch\u00e1n sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span> ch\u1ec9 th\u00edch an vui n\u01a1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> b\u1eadc d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a th\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3<\/span> th\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng vi t\u1ebf<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span> hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span>, l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o vi di\u1ec7u<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> qu\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadm v\u1eadn kh\u1edfi<\/span> l\u00ean l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m. Trong khi qu\u00e1n v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u00fd<\/span> gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadm v\u1eadn<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span>. V\u00e0 gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span> vi\u1ec7c l\u1ee3i tha<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span> l\u1ee3i tha<\/span> l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c<\/span> ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span> gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- Ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2u sanh trong s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span> m\u00e2y tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0m t\u00e0ng, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1eeb trong tr\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

E- Ch\u1ee9ng m\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u01a1n Nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> do hai kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>, trong ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- T\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> h\u01a1n c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Th\u1eafng l\u01b0u ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>T\u1eeb ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u01b0u nhu\u1eadn d\u00f2ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span>, t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng<\/span> v\u00f4 t\u1ef7<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p<\/span> v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 bi\u1ec7t ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft , tai, v.v\u2026 sai kh\u00e1c nhau, sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> v\u1ed1n b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m, th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh<\/span> h\u1eb1ng t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec5m r\u1ed3i sau m\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

7- Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>D\u00f9 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span> an l\u1eadp<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

8- Kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00eca c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5p t\u0103ng, gi\u1ea3m. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c<\/span> v\u00e0o t\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec5m n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a cho th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> qu\u1ed1c. N\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span> t\u01b0\u1edbng, qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

9- Tr\u00ed t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> s\u1edf y<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/b>N\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1edf y<\/span> c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

10- Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> s\u1edf y<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> n\u1ea7y r\u1ed3i, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng<\/span>, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00f4n, t\u1ed5ng tr\u00ec<\/span>, t\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> th\u00ec t\u00e1nh ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> v\u1ed1n th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng<\/span> sai kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 sai kh\u00e1c t\u00f9y theo<\/span> \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u00ean m\u1edbi ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> nh\u01b0 trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0ng Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

F- Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> l\u1ea1i chia l\u00e0m s\u00e1u lo\u1ea1i Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> Sai Kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- T\u1ed5n l\u1ef1c \u00edch n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> T\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span> v\u00e0 Gia H\u1ea1nh<\/span>, do tu t\u1eadp<\/span> th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span> \u1edf nh\u1eefng H\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ecba \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m t\u00e0m, qu\u00fd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/span> l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m<\/span> th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span> n\u01a1i Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, tuy ch\u01b0a d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n<\/span> kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chuy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Th\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1t<\/span> Chuy\u1ec3n: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u1edf H\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb Th\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1t<\/span> do s\u1ee9c ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>, th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>, d\u1ee9t ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1t<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Tu T\u1eadp<\/span> Chuy\u1ec3n: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u1edf \u0110\u1ecba V\u1ecb<\/span> Tu T\u1eadp<\/span>, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e2u sanh, theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- Qu\u1ea3 Vi\u00ean<\/span> M\u00e3n Chuy\u1ec3n: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> C\u1ee9u C\u00e1nh<\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> th\u1eafng h\u1ea1nh<\/span> kh\u00f3 h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> ba \u0111\u1ea1i A T\u0103ng K\u1ef3<\/span> Ki\u1ebfp, cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi Kim Cang d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng x\u01b0a nay<\/span>, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3<\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span> Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- H\u1ea1 Li\u1ec7t Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho h\u00e0ng nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n n\u01a1i t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, ch\u00e1n kh\u1ed5, \u01b0a t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t<\/span>, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01a1n tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kham n\u0103ng<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1ea1 Li\u1ec7t Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

6- Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ea1i Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>: <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>, v\u00ec l\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> l\u1ee3i tha<\/span> m\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1n sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o c\u00f5i sanh t\u1eed<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 an h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf tri<\/span>, th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> do hai kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. Do c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kham n\u0103ng<\/span> qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ea1i Chuy\u1ec3n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

G- Nh\u1eefng Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> sai kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

1- N\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span>:<\/span><\/b>Chia l\u00e0m hai:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- \u0110\u1ea1o n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c:<\/span><\/b>Kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c<\/span> t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1<\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho d\u1eabn danh ra hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng. \u0110\u1ea1o N\u0103ng Ph\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 ba tr\u00ed gia h\u1ea1nh<\/span>, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eafc, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o N\u0103ng Ph\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- \u0110\u1ea1o n\u0103ng \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/span><\/b>V\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> d\u1ee9t t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng. C\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed c\u0103n<\/span> b\u1ea3n v\u00f4<\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> th\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> ch\u01a1n l\u00fd do<\/span> hai kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3nh n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span>. C\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1eafc v\u00f4 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> t\u00f9y mi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00ea s\u1ef1<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Du Gi\u00e0<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> Tu \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> (Tu T\u1eadp v\u1ecb<\/span>) c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ebf<\/span> xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf<\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- S\u1edf chuy\u1ec3n y<\/span>:<\/span><\/b>C\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m, c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span>, duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng chung cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ea ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>\u0110\u00e2y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span>, l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span> cho m\u00ea ng\u1ed9<\/span>, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- S\u1edf chuy\u1ec3n x\u1ea3<\/span><\/b>:<\/b>C\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

a- B\u1ecb d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf:<\/span><\/b>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng, khi ch\u01a1n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ti\u1ec1n, v\u00ec ch\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb<\/span> tr\u00e1i nhau<\/span>, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng kia t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span>, m\u00e3i m\u00e3i<\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ecf\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e3 ph\u00e1p<\/span> v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb<\/span> ch\u1ea5p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecdng t\u00ecnh<\/span> bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf<\/span>, n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ecf bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- B\u1ecb v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf<\/span>:<\/span><\/b>Ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m<\/span>, khi kim cang d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span> ti\u1ec1n d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t ra b\u1ea3n th\u1ee9c<\/span> vi\u00ean minh<\/span> thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> c\u00f2n l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a cho ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> thi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m<\/span> n\u00ean hai ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u201cv\u1ee9t b\u1ecf\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- S\u1edf chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eafc (\u0111\u1eafc do chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span>): <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 S\u1edf hi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1eafc, S\u1edf sanh \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- S\u1edf Hi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1eafc (\u0111\u1eafc do hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>)<\/span><\/b>: L\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> tuy x\u01b0a nay<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng che l\u1ea5p<\/span> n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>. Khi ch\u01a1n th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span> ph\u00e1t sanh d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng, Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eafc, S\u1edf Chuy\u1ec3n \u0110\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

a.1- Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> B\u1ea3n lai<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>.<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

a.2- H\u1eefu D\u01b0 Y Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/span><\/b>: T\u1ee9c ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u01b0\u1edbng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u00e2n tr\u00ed l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho kh\u1ed5 vi t\u1ebf<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu D\u01b0 Y Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

a.3-V\u00f4 D\u01b0 Y Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/span><\/b>: Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> ra kh\u1ecfi sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span>, th\u00e2n d\u01b0 th\u1eeba<\/span> c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t, d\u1ee9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o<\/span>, t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 D\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

a.4- Kh\u00f4ng tr\u00fa x\u1ee9 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/span><\/b>: Ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> ra kh\u1ecfi lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i bi<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u00e1t nh\u00e3<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 sanh t\u1eed<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>. L\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>, tuy ph\u1ed5 h\u00f3a<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ecbch<\/span> l\u1eb7ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng Tr\u00fa X\u1ee9 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> t\u00e1nh t\u1ecbnh. H\u00e0ng nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba<\/span> v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba lo\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> tr\u00ean. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- S\u1edf Sanh \u0110\u1eafc<\/span> (\u0111\u1eafc do ph\u00e1t sinh)<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span>. B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> n\u0103ng sanh, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nay do s\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> \u1ea5y sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y Th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Tr\u00ed. Th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> c\u00f2n \u1edf trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu. Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> n\u1ea7y t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n tr\u00ed theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0<\/span> sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

b.1- \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/b>: Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea7y l\u00eca c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span>, h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean<\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf<\/span> kh\u00f3 bi\u1ebft, t\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, l\u00eca c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m<\/span>, l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh<\/span> v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span>. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ba th\u00e2n<\/span> t\u1ef1 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span>, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ba tr\u00ed ti\u1ebfp theo<\/span> l\u00e0 B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>, Di\u1ec7u Quang<\/span> S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed v\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span>, b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span> trong s\u00e1ng<\/span> nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span> tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1ef1c s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Trang Nghi\u00eam<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ngu, kh\u00f4ng m\u00ea\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ecba<\/span> n\u00f3i: \u201cTrong \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> c\u0103n, tr\u1ea7n, th\u1ee9c\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

b.2- B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/b>: Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea7y qu\u00e1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh t\u1ef1<\/span> tha th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>, t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb bi<\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span>, t\u00f9y c\u0103n c\u01a1<\/span> ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba m\u00e0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tha<\/span> th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u1edbi \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> sai kh\u00e1c. Tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 s\u1edf y<\/span> c\u1ee7a Di\u1ec7u Quang<\/span> S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span> V\u00f4 Tr\u00fa<\/span> X\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Trang Nghi\u00eam<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cDuy\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> t\u1ef1 tha b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span>. T\u00f9y theo<\/span> ch\u1ed7 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> m\u00e0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> Ph\u1eadt\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ecba<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cB\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed ch\u1ee9ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 t\u00e1nh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed ph\u1ea9m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> t\u00e1nh duy\u00ean c\u1ea3 ch\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ee5c, nhi\u1ebfp lu\u00f4n hai tr\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

b.3- Di\u1ec7u Quan S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span>: <\/span><\/b>Th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, t\u1ee9c \u00dd Th\u1ee9c<\/span>, chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Di\u1ec7u Quan S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea7y ph\u00e1t sinh tr\u00ed v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span>, kh\u00e9o qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. T\u1ed5ng nhi\u1ebfp v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n<\/span> t\u1ed5ng tr\u00ec<\/span> qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> tr\u00e2n b\u1ea3o<\/span> c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>, t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> sai kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/span> Di\u1ec7u Quan S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span> c\u00f3 chia th\u00e0nh hai \u201cQu\u00e1n\u201d \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 B\u1eadc Sanh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> Qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 B\u1eadc Ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng Qu\u00e1n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b3.1- B\u1eadc Sanh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> Qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/b>:<\/b>Nh\u1ecb Th\u1eeba<\/span> \u1edf Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> v\u1ecb Tr\u00ed<\/span> Sanh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span> Qu\u00e1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, tri\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc<\/span> m\u1edbi tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span> r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span>. Hay l\u00e0 m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span> gi\u1ea3i h\u1ea1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> Tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y, hay khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> nh\u1eadp Di\u1ec7t<\/span> T\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh V\u00f4 T\u00e2m<\/span> Tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

b3.2- B\u1eadc Ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng Qu\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b>:<\/b>B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> khi \u1edf H\u1ea1nh V\u1ecb Ki\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>, Tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n chuy\u1ec3n<\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> khi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba.<\/span><\/p>\n

b.4- Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>N\u0103m Th\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 Nh\u00e3n, Nh\u0129, T\u1ef7, Thi\u1ec7t, Th\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> \u1edf h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb Tu \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> nh\u1edd tr\u00ed H\u1eadu \u0110\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng<\/span> th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u d\u1eabn d\u1eaft n\u00ean Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span> n\u1ea7y m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadn Trang Nghi\u00eam<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u0103m c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i n\u0103m c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 sanh kh\u1edfi\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ecba<\/span> vi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c<\/span> Tr\u00ed kh\u1edfi l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> n\u01a1i ba nghi\u1ec7p<\/span>, quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ch<\/span> t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh<\/span> sai kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span>, l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd<\/span> c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span>, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span> b\u1ed1n Tr\u00ed n\u1ea7y tuy l\u00e0 duy\u00ean kh\u1eafp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u00ean C\u1ea3nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> t\u1ef1 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span>, duy tr\u00ec<\/span> ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> tha th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec7u Quan S\u00e1t Tr\u00ed<\/span> qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t<\/span> c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1ea7m l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 tha, ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> m\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 l\u01b0\u1edbi nghi, \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t<\/span> ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh s\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> th\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V- H\u1ea0NH V\u1eca C\u1ee8U C\u00c1NH<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t sau c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span>. Duy Th\u1ee9c Tam Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng<\/span> c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u t\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eed t\u1ee9c v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/p>\n

(Sa eva anasarvo dh\u00e3tur)<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec thi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

(Acintyah kusalo dhruvah)<\/span><\/p>\n

An l\u1ea1c<\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Sukho vimuktik\u00e3yo \u2018sau)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i m\u00e2u ni<\/span> danh ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/p>\n

(Dharm\u00e3khyo \u2018yam mah\u00e3muneh)<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u1ecbch:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y, c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n, thi\u1ec7n, th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/p>\n

An vui th\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span>, M\u00e2u Ni<\/span> l\u1edbn<\/span><\/p>\n

(Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch)<\/span><\/p>\n

A- C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> V\u00f4 L\u1eadu<\/span>, Thi\u1ec7n, Th\u01b0\u1eddng, B\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef \u201c\u0111\u00e2y\u201d trong b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span> n\u1ea7y to\u00e0n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>. V\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb xong. Ch\u1eef \u201cGi\u1edbi\u201d l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span>, c\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> hy h\u1eefu<\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra s\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c<\/span> cho c\u1ea3 n\u0103m th\u1eeba th\u1ebf gian<\/span> v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian<\/span>. V\u00ec n\u00f3 nhi\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e1nh<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng<\/span> t\u1eed h\u1eefu<\/span> l\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span> d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf, tuy c\u00f3 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span> l\u00e0m th\u00e2n sanh t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span> t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf<\/span>, T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf<\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t n\u00ean th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 V\u00f4 L\u1eadu \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span> \u0110\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nghi v\u1ea5n<\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng, \u1edf h\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y, n\u0103m Th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi<\/span>, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf Th\u00e0nh<\/span> S\u1edf T\u00e1c<\/span> Tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span> n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh s\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng<\/span> v\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, do n\u00f3 qu\u00e1n c\u0103n c\u01a1<\/span> m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span> bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span> th\u00e0nh ba lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cC\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 l\u1eadu\u201d n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ec7n\u201d, to\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, c\u1ef1c l\u1ea1c<\/span> vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span>, \u201ckh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n\u201d, v\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span> tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129<\/span> b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn<\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u00e1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, vi di\u1ec7u<\/span> th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<\/span>, \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, xa l\u00eca<\/span> sanh di\u1ec7t<\/span>, c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c an \u1ed5n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00e2m ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed1n Tr\u00ed di\u1ec7u<\/span> d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span>, c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o<\/span>, t\u01b0\u1edbng thu\u1eadn ch\u00e1nh l\u00fd, \u00edch qu\u1ea7n sanh<\/span>, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi<\/span> ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ebf<\/span> cho n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1eed<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> d\u00f9 c\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n<\/span>, v\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/span>, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 l\u1eadu thi\u1ec7n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 Chuy\u1ec3n Y<\/span> n\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d v\u00ec ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng sanh, kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span> bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00eam n\u1eefa s\u1edf d\u0129<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec t\u00e2m ph\u1ea9m b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi<\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn<\/span>, do s\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n nguy\u1ec7n<\/span> h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span> c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn<\/span>, t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai<\/span> kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span> n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n, Th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft<\/span>, suy ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n d\u1ea1t hay hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau ra \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

B- An vui, th\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ede H\u1ea1nh v\u1ecb n\u1ea7y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c n\u00e3o, ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>, t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n<\/span> xa l\u00eca<\/span> s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec5u h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed th\u1ec3<\/span> ng\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5p<\/span>, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span>, hay h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c<\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p h\u1ef7<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201can vui\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xa l\u00eca<\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p<\/span>, ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3<\/span>, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span>, d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 nh\u1ecb bi\u00ean<\/span> h\u1eefu v\u00f4<\/span>, ch\u1ee9ng v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>, t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<\/span> v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span> n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00e1p<\/span> th\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

C- Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span>, M\u00e2u Ni<\/span> L\u1edbn <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span>, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> ph\u00e1p t\u1ecbch<\/span> m\u1eb7c v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i M\u00e2u Ni<\/span> (t\u1ecbch m\u1eb7c<\/span> v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i).<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span> ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ef1c<\/span>, b\u1ed1n v\u00f4 \u00fay<\/span> v.v\u2026 Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 n\u0103m ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 ch\u01a1n nh\u01b0<\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n tr\u00ed l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh<\/span>. Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u00ed<\/span>, \u0110\u1ee9c tr\u00ed v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

D- Ba t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

1- Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi<\/span> ch\u01a1n t\u00ednh m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span>. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00e0 th\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span>, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean t\u1ebf<\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u00e1nh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng<\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span> c\u1ee7a ba th\u00e2n<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span>:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> v\u00e0 tha th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

a- Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> t\u1ef1 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n tr\u00ed B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span> s\u1eafc th\u00e2n<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh vi\u00ean<\/span> m\u00e3n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c<\/span> l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd<\/span>, th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng<\/span> bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp, t\u01b0 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1c<\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

b- Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> tha th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span><\/b>: <\/b>Ch\u01b0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> do n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng T\u00e1nh Tr\u00ed<\/span> bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> \u1edf c\u00f5i thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> vi di\u1ec7u<\/span> thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9c Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e1nh xe ph\u00e1p<\/span>, bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng<\/span> r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span>, nghi m\u1ea1n khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1c<\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span> t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span> c\u1ee7a Th\u00e0nh S\u1edf T\u00e1c Tr\u00ed<\/span> bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span> v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span> h\u00f3a th\u00e2n<\/span> theo lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh<\/span> \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u00f5i v\u1eeba u\u1ebf, v\u1eeba t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9<\/span> ch\u00fang h\u1eefu<\/span> t\u00ecnh, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span> h\u1ecd nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c, tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong lu\u1eadn vi\u1ebft: \u201cChuy\u1ec3n T\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c<\/span> (Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh<\/span> th\u00e2n\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 do chuy\u1ec3n di\u1ec7t th\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng hai ch\u01b0\u1edbng trong Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m m\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n l\u1ed9<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n tr\u00ed. T\u01b0 T\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p Th\u00e2n<\/span> tuy c\u00f3 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span> c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span> ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi kh\u00f4ng<\/span> th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eafc hay t\u00e2m<\/span><\/p>\n

—o0o—<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

CH\u01af\u01a0NG M\u01af\u1edcI <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

THAY L\u1edcI K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/span><\/span> <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Thay l\u1eddi k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/span> cho t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u1ea7y, xin g\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3<\/span> hai b\u00e0i th\u01a1 T\u0128NH L\u1eb6NG v\u00e0 M\u1ed8T L\u1ed0I NH\u00ccN c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span> TH\u1ee8C TH\u1ee8 T\u00c1M n\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bay d\u00e0i vi\u1ec5n m\u1ed9ng<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nghi\u00eang nghi\u00eang theo hoa thay s\u1eafc b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nao \u0111\u1eafm nhi\u1ec5m nh\u1eefng n\u1eafng m\u01b0a<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e0nh th\u00e2n<\/span> b\u1ec7nh, khi h\u00e0n, khi n\u00f3ng s\u1ed1t<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y nhu\u1ed9m s\u1eafc th\u1eddi gian<\/span> tr\u00ean l\u00e1 m\u1ecfng<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00f2ng nao nao theo mu\u00f4n v\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed5i thay<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00ecnh minh l\u00ean, n\u1eafng \u0111\u1ee9ng, r\u00e1ng ban ng\u00e0y<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f4i m\u1eaft c\u0169ng nhu\u1ed9m bu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u00f4n v\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1eddi \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span> k\u00fd \u1ee9c<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Tai ran ran \u0111au nh\u1ee9c b\u1edfi tr\u1ecdc thanh<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1ea1c du d\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0a l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i<\/span> th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ea5y v\u1ef1c nh\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1n nghe n\u00fai l\u1edf<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eddi nao tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span> t\u1eeb v\u1ea1n n\u1ebbo<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> th\u1eeba c\u00f2n g\u1edfi l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ed1 t\u00ecm khu\u00e2y trong h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb hoa l\u00e0i<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 chung l\u1ebd, ch\u1eafn s\u1ea7u, th\u00eam \u1ea5m \u00e1p<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt \u0111\u00e3\u2026 d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian<\/span> th\u1ea3 \u00fang<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3, rau t\u01b0\u01a1i xin nh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1eddi<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadn tha h\u01b0\u01a1ng cay x\u00e9 m\u1ea5y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eddi<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0n v\u1ea1n l\u1ed1i v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eddi lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e3 b\u1ec7nh v\u00ec x\u00e1c th\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp s\u1eafc<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1eeda kh\u1ea9u ra v\u00e0o b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n<\/span> c\u0169ng truy\u1ec1n l\u00e2y<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y \u0111i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u00fat g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y ?<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ecm an \u1ed5n<\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e0ng c\u00e2y b\u1edd su\u1ed1i .<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

LNT<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i nh\u00ecn<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7Th\u00e2n t\u1eb7ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7Trong l\u1edbp Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00b7T\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span>, Hannover,<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u00edch xem hoa s\u00e1ng nay<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ec t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean hoa<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 mu\u00f4n ngh\u00ecn v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1ecdt s\u01b0\u01a1ng mai l\u00f3ng l\u00e1nh<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh m\u1ec1m<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eafm n\u1ee5 h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e0o \u00f3ng \u1ea3<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong n\u1eafng v\u00e0ng s\u1eafc th\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m m\u00e0u th\u00eam<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong hoa \u1ea5y c\u00f3 v\u00f4 v\u00e0n th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hoa nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh hoa<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ta<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn hi\u1ec3u trong chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 lo\u00e0i hoa s\u1eafc h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang n\u00f4 n\u1ee9c<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbm ong bay l\u00f2ng r\u1ea1o r\u1ef1c<\/span> tr\u00ean c\u00e0nh<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hoa t\u00e0n<\/span> c\u00e1nh r\u00e3 th\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i nhanh kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 n\u1ee5 hoa c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y mai c\u00f2n m\u1ea3i mi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

E \u1ea5p h\u00ecnh h\u00e0i<\/span> trong c\u00e1nh l\u00e1 c\u00f2n xanh<\/span><\/p>\n

Khu v\u01b0\u1eddn ch\u00f9a h\u00f4m nay<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i ph\u00f3ng xa t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00e2y b\u00ed, d\u00e2y b\u1ea7u<\/span><\/p>\n

Khoe l\u00e1 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 th\u00eam<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00e0n tay anh, tay ch\u1ecb, tay em\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u00e1ng, chi\u1ec1u g\u00f3p c\u00f4ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Cho ng\u00e0y mai t\u01b0\u01a1i th\u1eafm<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1eddn rau<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 b\u00f4ng hoa n\u1edf mu\u1ed9n<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u00fap cho \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u00e1nh m\u1eaft trong \u0111\u00eam \u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

(B\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u1ea7y Tr\u00edch trong t\u1eadp th\u01a1 TR\u00caN N\u1eecA \u0110\u1edcI \u0110I c\u1ee7a L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng, do ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c<\/span> t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2004)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ec3u S\u1eed<\/span> T\u00e1c Gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Nhu-Tang Lam, Ph.D<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Justice of The Peace<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

1943 Born at Quang Ngai, Viet Nam<\/span><\/p>\n

1968 High school graduate certificate<\/span><\/p>\n

1968 HSC of Advance Buddhism Studies<\/span><\/p>\n

1968 to 1969 Van Hanh Buddhism University, Saigon, Vietnam<\/span><\/p>\n

1968 to 1969 Saigon Law University, Saigon, Viet Nam<\/span><\/p>\n

1958 to 1978 The Buddhist monk (Bhikshu, Buddhist name is Thich Nhu Tang)<\/span><\/p>\n

1975 Bachelor of Political Science, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan<\/span><\/p>\n

1977 Master\u2019s Degree in Political Science, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan<\/span><\/p>\n

1983 Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan<\/span><\/p>\n

1983 to 1985 Comparative Constitutional Law, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan<\/span><\/p>\n

1986 to 1987 Australian Constitution and Politic, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia.<\/span><\/p>\n

1987 to present, the permanent officer of Attorney General\u2019s Department of NSW government, Sydney, Australia.<\/span><\/p>\n

1988 Australian Government recognized all Academic Degrees BA, MA, and Ph.D. from Japan as the same level of Australian Academic Degrees.<\/span><\/p>\n

1990 Two interpreting certificates in Vietnamese and Japanese to English.<\/span><\/p>\n

1990 The Justice of The Peace.<\/span><\/p>\n

1994 to 1999 The Dharma Teacher of Buddhism Philosophy, at Phuoc Hue Buddhism studies Institute, Sydney. The writer of four monthly Buddhism magazine Phuoc Hue, Sydney, Australia.<\/span><\/p>\n

From 1998 onwards, The Dharma Teacher of Buddhism Philosophy, at Phap Bao Pagoda. The writer of four monthly Buddhism magazine Phap Bao, Sydney, Australia.<\/span><\/p>\n

1995 to present, the writer of two monthly Buddhism magazine Vien Giac in Germany.<\/span><\/p>\n

From 2001, contributed to the Buddhist website www.quangduc.com<\/a>, Melbourne.<\/span><\/p>\n

From 2002, contributed to the Buddhist website www.buddhismtoday.com<\/a>, Viet Nam.<\/span><\/p>\n

From 2004, contributed to the website http:\/\/exryueurope.free.fr<\/a>, France.<\/span><\/p>\n

From 1999 onwards, hold the position of The Deputy Commissioner for culture and education of The Unified Vietnamese Buddhist Congregation in Australia and New Zealand.<\/span><\/p>\n

Published Books <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ \u201cThe political system and the electoral procedures of the United Kingdom and the United States of America\u201d in Japanese, 1977, Tokyo.<\/span><\/p>\n

2\/ \u201cVietnamese \u2013 Japanese \u2013 Ede Dictionary\u201d (by Nhu-Tang Lam, T. Shintani etc\u2026) 1981, Tokyo.<\/span><\/p>\n

3\/ \u201cArticle 9 of the Japanese Constitution\u201d in Japanese, 1983, Tokyo.<\/span><\/p>\n

4\/ \u201cDistinguishing features of the management system of the Japanese Corporation\u201d in Vietnamese and English, 1988, Sydney.<\/span><\/p>\n

5\/ \u201cThe eighth Consciousness\u201d, in Vietnamese, Vien Giac Pagoda, Germany, 2005.<\/span><\/p>\n

Poetry books Published in Vietnamese<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

6\/ \u201cToward Motherland\u201d, Tokyo, 1978<\/span><\/p>\n

7\/ \u201cHappiness from now\u201d, Vietnam, 1982<\/span><\/p>\n

8\/ \u201cThe Steps of Time\u201d, Tokyo, 1984<\/span><\/p>\n

9\/ \u201cPoems of Complete Love\u201d, Sydney, 1991<\/span><\/p>\n

10\/ \u201cThe Empathy Line\u201d, Sydney, 1996<\/span><\/p>\n

11\/ \u201cOver halfway of human life has gone\u201d, Vien Giac Pagoda, Germany, 2004<\/span><\/p>\n

12\/ \u201cNIL\u201d will be published in the near future.<\/span><\/p>\n

Buddhism Articles Published in Vietnamese <\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

1\/ \u201cVidyamatra siddhi castra Karika of Vasubandhu\u201d, 1993<\/span><\/p>\n

2\/ \u201cCause and Effect Principle in Buddhism\u201d, 1994<\/span><\/p>\n

3\/ \u201cThe Buddha Gaya, the Buddha enlightened place in North India\u201d, 1994<\/span><\/p>\n

4\/ \u201cThe karma in Buddhism Philosophy\u201d, 1995<\/span><\/p>\n

5\/ \u201cThe beginning of Japanese Buddhist history\u201d, 1995.<\/span><\/p>\n

6\/ \u201cThe Karma in Madhyamaka \u2013 Sastra of Nagarjuna\u201d, 1996<\/span><\/p>\n

7\/ \u201cThe Karma in Abhidharma kosa Sastra of Vasubandhu\u201d, 1997<\/span><\/p>\n

8\/ \u201cThe Karma in the Sutras of the Buddha\u201d 1998<\/span><\/p>\n

9\/ \u201cClassification of the Karmas\u201d, 1998<\/span><\/p>\n

10\/ \u201cThe conditions of eighth consciousness in Mahayana Buddhism\u201d, 1999.<\/span><\/p>\n

11\/ \u201cThe beginning of Vietnamese Buddhist history\u201d, 2000<\/span><\/p>\n

12\/ \u201cClassification of the Dharmas in Buddhism philosophy\u201d 2001<\/span><\/p>\n

13\/ \u201cThe eighth Consciousness in \u2018Vidyamatra siddhi castra Karika\u2019 of Dharmapala\u201d, 2002<\/span><\/p>\n

14\/ \u201cThe attributes of the eight consciousness\u201d, 2003<\/span><\/p>\n

15\/ \u201cThree characters of the eighth consciousness\u201d, 2004<\/span><\/p>\n

16\/ \u201cThree characters of the eighth consciousness in the Lankavatara sutra and the Sandhi-nirmocara sutra\u201d, 2005, etc\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Other current research articles:<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

17\/ Australian Births, Deaths and Marriages and relating laws<\/span><\/p>\n

18\/ Vietnamese Constitutions and Australian Constitution<\/span><\/p>\n

19\/ Vietnamese Buddhist History and Australian Buddhist History<\/span><\/p>\n

20\/ Pure Land and Meditation, theories and practices<\/span><\/p>\n

21\/ The Bhikshu Precepts and the Bhikshuni Precepts etc…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

TS L<\/span><\/b>\u00c2M NH\u01af-T\u1ea0NG<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] Th\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 T\u00e1m L\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1ng Ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Gi\u00e1c, Hannover, \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c PL. 2549 – DL 2005 —o0o— M\u1ee4C L\u1ee4C oOo \u00a0 \u00a0 S\u1ed1 trang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-8043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8043","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8043"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8043\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8043"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8043"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8043"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=8043"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}