{"id":8113,"date":"2020-12-08T21:21:31","date_gmt":"2020-12-08T14:21:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/08\/tim-hieu-khai-quat-ve-a-la-han-dao-va-bo-tat-dao\/"},"modified":"2020-12-08T21:21:31","modified_gmt":"2020-12-08T14:21:31","slug":"tim-hieu-khai-quat-ve-a-la-han-dao-va-bo-tat-dao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/08\/tim-hieu-khai-quat-ve-a-la-han-dao-va-bo-tat-dao\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm Hi\u1ec3u Kh\u00e1i Qu\u00e1t V\u1ec1 A-la-h\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea1o V\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1o"},"content":{"rendered":"

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T\u00ecm Hi\u1ec3u<\/span> Kh\u00e1i Qu\u00e1t V\u1ec1 A-la-h\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea1o V\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1o<\/span>
<\/span>
Th\u00edch N\u1eef<\/span> H\u1eb1ng Nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0
\"T\u00ecm

D\u1eaaN NH\u1eacP<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 hai h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 Theravada v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ec7 Theravada quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> cao nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o. Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n. Khi c\u00f2n th\u00e2n, th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu-D\u01b0-Y-Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n. Trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u0111i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span>. Khi b\u1ecf th\u00e2n, th\u00ec nh\u1eadp V\u00f4-D\u01b0-Y-Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng tu th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t, ho\u1eb7c ai c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c gi\u00e1c tha<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n, “\u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi th\u1eeba h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o”<\/i> c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span><\/span> tu h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng \u1edf qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi khai tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i tu<\/span><\/span> t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> th\u1eed t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/span> l\u00fd do<\/span><\/span> v\u00ec sao Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea1i chia l\u00e0m hai. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 Theravada v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea0I C\u01af\u01a0NG<\/span><\/span> V\u1ec0 H\u1ec6 THERAVADA V\u00c0 H\u1ec6 PH\u00c1T-TRI\u1ec2N<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 M\u1edf l\u1ea1i trang S\u1eed – \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ea3n sanh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span><\/span> n\u0103m 624 tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch. Ng\u00e0i th\u1ecd 80 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0o n\u0103m 544, qua th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch. Trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span> 45 n\u0103m ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> do m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh<\/span><\/span> ng\u00e0i l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span>. Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn sau khi ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> 100 n\u0103m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> Nguy\u00ean Thu\u1ef7 hay S\u01a1 Khai<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> cho t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u T\u00e2y-L\u1ecbch, Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span><\/span> 4 l\u1ea7n k\u1ebft t\u1eadp Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span>. L\u1ea7n k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> th\u1ee9 Nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi vua A-X\u00e0-Th\u1ebf, sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> 3 th\u00e1ng do t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Ca Di\u1ebfp<\/span><\/span> (Mah\u00e3 Kassyapa) tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span>. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 Hai kho\u1ea3ng 100 n\u0103m sau khi Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u0103m 444 tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span><\/span> n\u0103m th\u1ee9 10 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> vua K\u00e3lasoka. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 8 th\u00e1ng. Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> b\u1ecb chia l\u00e0m hai nh\u00e1nh l\u00e0 Theravada, Thera ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0, Vada l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>, d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng To\u1ea1 B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 Mah\u00e3sanghika d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng ni<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 nam n\u1eef<\/span><\/span> c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> chia l\u00e0m hai, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0i Da-X\u00e1, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> th\u1ee9 6 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, sau 5 anh em Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span> l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 165 tu\u1ed5i, b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nh\u00f3m t\u0103ng tr\u1ebb g\u1ed1c d\u00e2n B\u1ea1t-K\u1ef3 (b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c Vajji), vi ph\u1ea1m<\/span><\/span> 10 \u0111i\u1ec1u Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. Kinh ghi l\u00e0 “Th\u1eadp s\u1ef1 phi ph\u00e1p”,<\/i> trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed3i nh\u1eadn v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c<\/span><\/span> c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span><\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng khuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m t\u0103ng tr\u1ebb B\u1ea1t-K\u1ef3, n\u00ean ng\u00e0i Da-X\u00e1 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> 700 v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o<\/span><\/span> k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> Kinh Lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1<\/span><\/span> n\u1ec1 n\u1ebfp.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> chia th\u00e0nh hai B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 Gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u00f3m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng To\u1ea1 B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> mu\u1ed1n duy tr\u00ec<\/span><\/span> Gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> theo c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a. Nh\u00f3m \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00edch \u1ee9ng<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh<\/span><\/span> sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> chia l\u00e0m hai g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n li\u1ec7t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span> trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o”.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1eeb c\u00e1i m\u1ed1c k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 Hai n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn 100 n\u0103m sau, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1edbi n\u0103m 344 tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch. Trong kho\u1ea3ng<\/span><\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e2n chia<\/span><\/span> ra th\u00eam 8 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> n\u1eefa. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ean h\u1ec7 Theravada nh\u1edd b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span> n\u00ean v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 344 \u0111\u1ebfn 244 tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 200 \u0111\u1ebfn 300 n\u0103m sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>, h\u1ec7 Theravada m\u1edbi ph\u00e2n chia<\/span><\/span> ra 10 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> n\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 18 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi hai B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> ch\u00e1nh l\u00e0 20 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span>, c\u00f3 ghi trong S\u1eed li\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span><\/span> r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 vi\u1ebft ra c\u00e1c Lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 (Abhidharma) n\u00eau r\u00f5 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i tu<\/span><\/span> t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> m\u00ecnh. V\u1ec1 sau khi vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i Ngh\u0129a T\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng<\/span><\/span> \u1edf Trung Hoa \u0111\u00e3 v\u00ed 18 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 c\u00e2y v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng<\/span><\/span> chia ra l\u00e0m 18 kh\u00fac. M\u1ed7i B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac, kh\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng<\/span><\/span> 236 n\u0103m sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a vua A-D\u1ee5c (Asoka), ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ebf Tu<\/span><\/span> (Moggaliputta Tissa) thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 Theravada \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 Ba. L\u00fd do<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thanh l\u1ecdc t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3 (false monks) ra kh\u1ecfi h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> H\u1ed9i, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span> ch\u00e1nh t\u00edn<\/span><\/span> (true faith) v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Kinh, Lu\u1eadt, Lu\u1eadn. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng P\u00e0li g\u1ed3m Kinh-Lu\u1eadt-Lu\u1eadn theo khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Theravada. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Tam T\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng P\u00e0li, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh Nik\u00e0ya.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u1ef3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 T\u01b0 v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 Nh\u1ea5t T\u00e2y l\u1ecbch, d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> vua Ca-N\u1ecb-S\u1eafc (Kaniska). Trong th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> Nh\u1ea5t-Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu-B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> t\u00e1ch ra t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 Theravada v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh. B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng : “T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u C\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t theo quy lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Sinh-Tr\u1ee5-Ho\u1ea1i-Di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 Tr\u1edf-Th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t”, <\/i>\u0111\u00e3 <\/i>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Ca-N\u1ecb-S\u1eafc m\u1eddi k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 T\u01b0, do ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0m Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span>. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, Tam T\u1ea1ng Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh \u00c0gama t\u1ee9c kinh A-H\u00e0m, do ng\u00e0i M\u00e3 Minh<\/span><\/span> trong c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb Ph\u00f3 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span>, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/span><\/span> nhu\u1eadn s\u1eafc ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span> Kinh, Lu\u1eadt, Lu\u1eadn. Sau \u0111\u00f3 vua cho kh\u1eafc l\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t 12 n\u0103m m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span>. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n Kinh<\/span><\/span>, Lu\u1eadt, Lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef trong b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> l\u1edbn c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi canh gi\u1eef<\/span><\/span> ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 hai B\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span> x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean h\u1ec7 Theravada.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i, trong k\u1ef3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 Hai. Theo \u0110\u1ea3o S\u1eed<\/span><\/span> ngo\u00e0i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o<\/span><\/span>, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00e1c T\u1ef7 Kheo<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span> x\u00e9t v\u1ee5 “Th\u1eadp s\u1ef1 phi ph\u00e1p”<\/i> l\u00ean t\u1edbi 10 ng\u00e0n v\u1ecb, g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng ni<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 nam n\u1eef<\/span><\/span> c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span><\/span>. Cu\u1ed9c k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang”<\/i> hay “\u0110\u1ea1i K\u1ebft T\u1eadp<\/span><\/span><\/i>“. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> lu\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>. T\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u0103ng n\u00e0y quy t\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n ph\u00eda Tr\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00e3o B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> trong k\u1ef3 ph\u00e2n li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. \u00a0K\u1ef3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u1eed li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch tr\u1edf v\u1ec1<\/span><\/span> sau, \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> (Mah\u00e3sanghika) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> (Mah\u00e0yana). H\u1ecd g\u1ecdi Theravada l\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> (H\u00ecnayana).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> t\u1ea1i Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1954 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1956, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ed5i danh x\u01b0ng Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 Theravada v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/span><\/span> d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb Theravada l\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean Thu\u1ef7. \u0110\u1ecdc kinh<\/span><\/span> \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb Nguy\u00ean Thu\u1ef7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> Nguy\u00ean Thu\u1ef7 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Theravada, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> Nguy\u00ean Thu\u1ef7 hay Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> S\u01a1 Khai<\/span><\/span> th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn 100 n\u0103m sau khi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Danh x\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>, Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u T\u00e2y L\u1ecbch t\u1edbi gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef0 GI\u1ed0NG NHAU V\u00c0 KH\u00c1C NHAU<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

GI\u1eeeA HAI H\u1ec6 NGUY\u00caN THU\u1ef6 V\u00c0 PH\u00c1T TRI\u1ec2N<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 Theravada v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau. V\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd C\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng “Gi\u1edbi-\u0110\u1ecbnh-Hu\u1ec7, V\u0103n-T\u01b0-Tu, Qu\u00e1n-Ch\u1ec9-\u0110\u1ecbnh-Hu\u1ec7”.<\/i> Hay c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng “\u0110\u1ed1i c\u01a1 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, T\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1c<\/i> tha”.<\/i> V\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span>: “T\u1ee9 Di\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ebf<\/span><\/span>, V\u00f4 Ng\u00e3<\/span><\/span> T\u01b0\u1edbng, L\u00fd Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span>,<\/i> T\u01b0\u01a1ng quan nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span>, Nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> v.v…”<\/i> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, hai h\u1ec7 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. H\u1ec7 Theravada th\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca<\/span><\/span>, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 2,500 n\u0103m nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai tu th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> ngo\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Th\u00edch Ca<\/span><\/span>. H\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span> th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt, trong khi h\u1ec7 Theravada th\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i! V\u00ec quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y, n\u00ean h\u1ec7 Theravada ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o. Sau khi \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n r\u1ed3i, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111i gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1<\/span><\/span>, nh\u01b0ng khi m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i sinh<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ean h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ai c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng tu \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span><\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t. Ho\u1eb7c ai c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed3i gi\u00e1c tha<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n, ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> “\u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi th\u1eeba h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> B\u1ed3<\/i>–T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o”,<\/i> ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u1ec1 A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Theravada \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 chia ra l\u00e0m 4 c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1) Th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Tu-\u0110\u00e0-Ho\u00e0n:<\/b> Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/span><\/span> tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 Ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span><\/span>:\u00a0 Th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>, Nghi v\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi C\u1ea5m Th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Tu-\u0110\u00e0-Ho\u00e0n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadp L\u01b0u<\/span><\/span> hay D\u1ef1 L\u01b0u<\/span><\/span>, hay Th\u1ea5t Lai. Th\u1ea5t Lai, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> 7 \u0111\u1eddi n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t qu\u1ea3 A-La-H\u00e1n. L\u01b0u t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u1eadp l\u01b0u<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng Th\u00e1nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2) Th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> T\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0 H\u00e0m<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> T\u1eeb qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Tu-\u0110\u00e0-Ho\u00e0n, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 S\u00e2n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Nh\u1ea5t Lai<\/span><\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3) A-Na-H\u00e0m:<\/b> L\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 B\u1ea5t Lai<\/span><\/span>, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb n\u0103m h\u1ea1 ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebft S\u1eed<\/span><\/span>: Th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>, Nghi ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>, Gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span>, t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea7n vi t\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> D\u1ee5c V\u1ecdng<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 S\u00e2n. B\u1ea5t lai<\/span><\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> \u1edf c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 sau khi m\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i sanh l\u00ean c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. T\u1eeb c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4) A-La-H\u00e1n:<\/b> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft 10 ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span><\/span>. (5 h\u1ea1 ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 5 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea7n Ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0: H\u1eefu \u00e1i<\/span><\/span>, V\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span><\/span> \u00e1i, M\u1ea1n, Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 V\u00f4 minh<\/span><\/span>). C\u00f3 khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a A-La-H\u00e1n l\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft L\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/span>. C\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a A-La-H\u00e1n l\u00e0 s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft tham, s\u00e2n, si.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Khi \u0111\u1ea1t qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n r\u1ed3i m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu-D\u01b0-Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c H\u1eefu-D\u01b0-Y-Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00e1i th\u00e2n d\u01b0 th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n. Khi b\u1ecf th\u00e2n r\u1ed3i th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o V\u00f4-D\u01b0-Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n hay V\u00f4-D\u01b0-Y-Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> bi\u1ebft Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> t\u00e2m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n L\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span><\/span>, ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span><\/span>, tu\u1ef3 mi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n r\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea1i c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span>, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span> trong kinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “b\u1ea5t tr\u1ee5 Ni\u1ebft<\/i>–B\u00e0n”.<\/i> Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u1edfi thu\u1ef7 B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o bao g\u1ed3m<\/span><\/span> lu\u00f4n A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i xong A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ecdc S\u1eed Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 Theravada v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ec7 Theravada l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span><\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e3o<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u00fang n\u1ec1 n\u1ebfp sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/span><\/span> trong th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Gi\u1edbi Lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> cho n\u00ean h\u1ec7 Theravada \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00fang truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1i T\u1eed<\/span><\/span> S\u1ef9-\u0110\u1ea1t-Ta t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span><\/span> gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span><\/span> xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span>. R\u1ed3i c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Th\u00e1i T\u1eed<\/span><\/span> S\u1ef9-\u0110\u1ea1t-Ta ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 r\u1eebng \u1edf, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c hay n\u1eef trang ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef mu\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/span><\/span> qua \u0111\u00eam, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n qu\u00e1 gi\u1edd ng\u1ecd<\/span><\/span>, v.v… T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 Theravada g\u00ecn gi\u1eef<\/span><\/span> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1eaft khe, \u0111\u00fang y gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. V\u1ec1 Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc theo nh\u1eefng Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> d\u1ea1y, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m khai tri\u1ec3n ra, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m vi\u1ebft Kinh. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1eefa l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span>. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n n\u0103m. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> trong h\u1ec7 Theravada. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span><\/span>, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nam tu s\u0129<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng<\/span><\/span>, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>, ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>, khai ph\u00f3ng, t\u00e2m m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> qua T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec du nh\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> th\u00eam t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span><\/span> d\u00e2n gian T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n linh<\/span><\/span>, v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7n ch\u00fa<\/span><\/span>. Khi qua t\u1edbi Trung Hoa du nh\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> th\u00eam t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span><\/span> d\u00e2n gian c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa nh\u01b0 t\u00edn<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng Quan \u00c2m<\/span><\/span>, t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span><\/span> V\u0103n Th\u00f9<\/span><\/span>, t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span>. Ch\u1ee9 th\u1eadt ra, trong hai b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span><\/span>, b\u00ean h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 thi nhau vi\u1ebft Kinh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi vua A-D\u1ee5c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb danh<\/span><\/span> t\u0103ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean<\/span><\/span> (Mah\u00e3deva) r\u1ea5t t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua A-D\u1ee5c m\u1eddi tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec<\/span><\/span> ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u1edf trong ho\u00e0ng cung<\/span><\/span>, ngay kinh \u0111\u00f4 Hoa Th\u1ecb Th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean<\/span><\/span> tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span><\/span>: “Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3ng Kinh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>, cho n\u00ean khi k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span>, c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong Kinh. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ai gi\u1ecfi Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span>, c\u00f3 t\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft Kinh”. <\/i>Khi ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m Theravada nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd<\/span><\/span>, g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 tranh c\u1ea3i, ngay c\u1ea3 vua A-D\u1ee5c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sau khi Tam T\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 Hai vi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, vua A-D\u1ee5c ph\u00e1i 9 \u0111o\u00e0n S\u1ee9 Gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> \u0111em c\u00e1c T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span><\/span> P\u00e0li truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span><\/span> kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span><\/span> l\u00e2n c\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>. Trong s\u1ed1 9 \u0111o\u00e0n S\u1ee9 Gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n do ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111i v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n Nam \u1ea4n ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. T\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1ec1 sau xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> kinh B\u00e1t-Nh\u00e3 Ba-La-M\u1eadt-\u0110a<\/span><\/span>. Kinh B\u00e1t-Nh\u00e3 Ba-La-M\u1eadt-\u0110a<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> do kinh xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n Nam \u1ea4n, n\u00ean suy \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>. Trong v\u00f2ng<\/span><\/span> m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp<\/span><\/span> thi nhau vi\u1ebft kinh. “B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt \u0110a T\u00e2m Kinh”<\/i> l\u00e0 b\u00e0i kinh<\/span><\/span> cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t g\u1ed3m 262 ch\u1eef. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> Kinh Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t g\u1ed3m 600 b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span>. H\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n khai tri\u1ec3n 3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, Ch\u00e2n Nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 Huy\u1ec5n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theo d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span>, h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n tung ra nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i trong hai \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh<\/span><\/span>, n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> bi\u1ebft do c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 vi\u1ebft ra sau n\u00e0y. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 kinh Hoa-Nghi\u00eam, kinh Ph\u00e1p-Hoa, kinh Duy-Ma-C\u1eadt, kinh Kim-Cang, kinh Qu\u00e1n-V\u00f4-L\u01b0\u1ee3ng-Th\u1ecd, kinh Th\u1eafng-Man, kinh B\u1ea3o-T\u00edch, kinh Vi\u00ean-Gi\u00e1c v.v… T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kinh, nh\u01b0ng do h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t- Tri\u1ec3n s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “Ph\u00e1p-B\u1ea3o-\u0110\u00e0n-Kinh”<\/i> ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a L\u1ee5c T\u1ed5 Hu\u1ec7 N\u0103ng<\/span><\/span> trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 7 do ng\u00e0i Th\u1ea7n H\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a L\u1ee5c T\u1ed5<\/span><\/span> ghi l\u1ea1i. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 ai, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 x\u1ebfp trong h\u1ec7 kinh Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 Theravada ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> Kinh. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> Lu\u1eadn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn Th\u01b0 (Abhidharma). 7 b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng P\u00e0li v\u00e0 7 b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 14 b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c h\u1ec7 Theravada. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span><\/span>, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ed5 c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadn th\u01b0 kh\u00e1c, tuy kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 Theravada, nh\u01b0 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span>, cho n\u00ean trong h\u00e0ng tu s\u0129<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 t\u0103ng v\u00e0 ni. Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> g\u1ed3m t\u0103ng, ni v\u00e0 nam n\u1eef<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 t\u1ee9 ch\u00fang<\/span><\/span>. H\u1ecd gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> cho tu s\u0129<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span><\/span>. \u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ec7 Theravada ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span>, m\u1edbi tu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi n\u01a1i<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>. C\u00f2n h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i gia<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch v\u1ee5 c\u00fang du\u1eddng, h\u1ed9 th\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> cho ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng<\/span><\/span> tu, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

DANH X\u01afNG \u0110\u1ea0I TH\u1eeaA<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 TI\u1ec2U TH\u1eeaA<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u1ec1 hai danh x\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 c\u00f3? Sau th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 Nh\u1ea5t, phong tr\u00e0o<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng, danh t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1eeb b\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> lu\u1eadn “\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kh\u1edfi T\u00edn<\/span><\/span> Lu\u1eadn”<\/i> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i M\u00e3 Minh<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u00e0i M\u00e3 Minh<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nhu\u1eadn s\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/span><\/span> v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span> Tam t\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span>, b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit trong k\u1ef3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 T\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi vua Ca-N\u1ecb-S\u1eafc.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1ea1i sao \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba? C\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi th\u1eeba h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o”<\/i> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ee5 Ni\u1ebft- B\u00e0n, m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n t\u00e1i sinh<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span>, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eefu duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span> t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au t\u1edbi b\u1edd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>. H\u1ecd cho c\u00e1i t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, so s\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc xe l\u1edbn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, b\u00ean h\u1ec7 Theravada ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span><\/span> sinh t\u1eed<\/span><\/span>, ch\u1ec9 lo tu gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> cho ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh n\u00ean b\u1ecb v\u00ed nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span> chi\u1ebfc xe nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u1eeb hai l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Ch\u00fang B\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi b\u00ean Theravada l\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Th\u1ef1c ra<\/span><\/span>, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, sau khi \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n r\u1ed3i, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> cho \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i r\u00e0y \u0111\u00e2y mai \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span> cho \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> l\u00fac th\u00e2n ho\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng chung<\/span><\/span>. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> s\u1ed1ng th\u1eadt x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng, \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh<\/span><\/span> h\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i \u00edch k\u1ef7<\/span><\/span> s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap g\u00ec cho ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n hay t\u00e1i sinh? D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e2u, ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111oan ch\u1eafc ai nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n lu\u00f4n, ai t\u00e1i sinh<\/span><\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i? V\u00e0 ai t\u00e1i sinh<\/span><\/span> do nghi\u1ec7p d\u1eabn, ai t\u00e1i sinh<\/span><\/span> do t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n? Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e9t \u0111o\u00e1n<\/span><\/span> l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o, hay B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 h\u1eadu b\u1ed1i<\/span><\/span> m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n n\u0103m sau, tr\u1ed9m ngh\u0129<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00e2m kh\u00e1ch quan khi h\u1ecdc S\u1eed. Nh\u00ecn chung h\u1ec7 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i tu<\/span><\/span> t\u1eadp. Ri\u00eang ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> thu\u1eadn duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i n\u00e0o, th\u00ec ch\u1ecdn tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh<\/span><\/span> khen ch\u00ea m\u00e0 m\u1eafc l\u1ed7i.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

BA-LA-M\u1eacT (PARAMIT\u00c0-PARAM\u00cc)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ba-La-M\u1eadt d\u1ecbch \u00e2m t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Paramit\u00e0 (Sanskrit) hay Param\u00ec (P\u00e0li). Hai ch\u1eef n\u00e0y g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb ch\u1eef “Para”.<\/i> C\u00f2n ch\u1eef “mit\u00e0”<\/i> hay “m\u00ec”<\/i> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eef. Ch\u1eef g\u1ed1c “Para”<\/i><\/b> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “b\u1edd b\u00ean kia”.<\/i><\/b> Trung Hoa d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 “\u0111\u00e1o b\u1ec9 ng\u1ea1n”,<\/i> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “qua<\/i> t\u1edbi b\u1edd b\u00ean kia<\/span><\/span> <\/i>(gone to the other shore)”.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> to\u00e0n, ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o”. – <\/i>Ngh\u0129a th\u1ee9 ba, th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/span> trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu”.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng<\/span><\/span> ch\u1eef Ba-La-M\u1eadt \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi ch\u1eef Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>. “Tr\u00ed<\/i> hu\u1ec7 Ba-La-M\u1eadt”<\/i> l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn “tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n”.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u00e1p Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> tu, do c\u00e1c T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1 ra<\/span><\/span> theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi-\u0110\u1ecbnh-Hu\u1ec7. T\u1eeb con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> Gi\u1edbi-\u0110\u1ecbnh-Hu\u1ec7, khai tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tu g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-La-M\u1eadt. Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tu r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt, l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> tu Ba-La-M\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0<\/span><\/span> qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> sau khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> “Nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> Kh\u00f4ng L\u1eddi<\/i>“, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0, m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-La-M\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 2 h\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 Theravada v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n. Hai h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i tu<\/span><\/span> t\u1eadp r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t huy tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt theo \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0: Tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: 1) B\u1ed1 Th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 2) Tr\u00ec Gi\u1edbi Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. 3) Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 4) Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 5)\u00a0 Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. 6) Hu\u1ec7 Ba-La-M\u1eadt. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 H\u1ec7 Theravada c\u00f3 10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt g\u1ed3m: 1) B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 2) Gi\u1edbi Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. 3) Xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 4) Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 5) Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 6) Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 7) Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 8) Hu\u1ec7 Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 9) T\u1eeb Ba-La-M\u1eadt. 10) X\u1ea3 Ba-La-M\u1eadt.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

_______________<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1ee4C \u0110\u1ed8<\/span><\/span> BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – \u0110\u1ed9:<\/b> Ti\u1ebfng danh t\u1eeb l\u00e0 “con \u0111\u00f2<\/i>” \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta qua s\u00f4ng, t\u1eeb b\u1edd n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd b\u00ean kia<\/span><\/span>. Ti\u1ebfng t\u0129nh t\u1eeb ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span><\/span>, \u0111i qua, t\u1edbi<\/i> b\u1edd”.<\/i> L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mu\u1ed1n kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> T\u00e2m b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n l\u00e0 T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0. T\u1eeb T\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> Nh\u01b0 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> theo 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1) B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt :<\/b> B\u1ed1 l\u00e0 “r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i”.<\/i> Th\u00ed l\u00e0 “ban ph\u00e1t, t\u1eb7ng cho”.<\/i> B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1nh tu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu<\/span><\/span>. Cho n\u00ean, khi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 suy ngh\u0129<\/span><\/span>, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, so \u0111o, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> cho hay<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng cho, ho\u1eb7c n\u00ean cho nhi\u1ec1u hay cho \u00edt, ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i cho \u0111\u00fang ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> v\u00ec c\u00f2n \u1edf trong T\u00e2m \u0111\u1eddi. \u1ede trong T\u00e2m \u0111\u1eddi th\u00ec c\u00f2n lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sanh t\u1eed<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ea3i mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span> “tam lu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch”<\/i> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi 3 kh\u00f4ng: Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> (n\u0103ng th\u00ed), kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> (s\u1edf th\u00ed), kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> (v\u1eadt th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>). V\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n quay li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span>, th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea7n th\u00ec s\u1eb5n l\u00f2ng gi\u00fap, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e2u l\u00e2u m\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed1 Th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang \u1edf trong T\u00e2m Kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> hay T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 v\u1eadt cho \u0111\u1ec1u “v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng”.<\/i> B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1edbi l\u00e0 B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u1ec1 v\u1eadt th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>, c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00e0i th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>, ph\u00e1p th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00fay th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1) T\u00e0i th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> \u0110em ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span>, v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ra cho. G\u1ed3m hai lo\u1ea1i Ngo\u1ea1i th\u00ed v\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a-1) Ngo\u1ea1i th\u00ed:<\/b> Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span>, ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn, nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed3 \u0103n, th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> v.v… Mang nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5<\/span><\/span> t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1i th\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 b-1) N\u1ed9i th\u00ed:<\/b> Nh\u01b0 hy sinh<\/span><\/span> th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1eaft, tay, ch\u00e2n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n. Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch “hi\u1ebfn m\u00e1u”<\/i> \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ho\u1eb7c k\u00fd gi\u1ea5y t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span><\/span> n\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc k\u1ef3 t\u1eed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2) Ph\u00e1p th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> \u0110em l\u1eddi hay l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> qu\u00fd b\u00e1u<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c y theo<\/span><\/span> gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> tu h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ecf d\u1eef l\u00e0m l\u00e0nh, c\u1ea3i t\u00e0 quy ch\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. Ph\u00e1p th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1n th\u00e1n<\/span><\/span> “C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng”<\/i> v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, cao h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. T\u00e0i th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu<\/span><\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span>, hay nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f2n Ph\u00e1p th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed9ng r\u1ea3i h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u sang<\/span><\/span>, t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span>. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> trong m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y<\/span><\/span> gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span>, gieo nh\u00e2n l\u00e0nh cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi ki\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 sau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3) V\u00f4 U\u00fd th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> V\u00f4 U\u00fd<\/span><\/span> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3. V\u00f4 \u00day th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span><\/span>. S\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi v\u00f4 s\u1ed1<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span><\/span>. N\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb la m\u1eafng<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp, s\u1ee3 b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bu\u1ed3n gi\u1eadn, s\u1ee3 thi\u1ebfu \u0103n, thi\u1ebfu m\u1eb7c, s\u1ee3 m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> danh, s\u1ee3 m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0m, s\u1ee3 ti\u00eau tan<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ee3 ngh\u00e8o, s\u1ee3 m\u1ea5t v\u1ee3, m\u1ea5t ch\u1ed3ng, m\u1ea5t con, s\u1ee3 gi\u00e0, s\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, s\u1ee3 \u0111au \u1ed1m, s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ee3 th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ee3 s\u01b0u cao thu\u1ebf n\u1eb7ng v.v… Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> sinh ra s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ed5, l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng kh\u1ed5 h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> gi\u00fap cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ebft s\u1ee3, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y b\u1edbt \u0111i qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda kh\u1ed5 \u0111au trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> s\u1ed1ng r\u1ed3i!<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 V\u1edbi l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb<\/span><\/span> bi, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng n\u1ee1 th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span> kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec s\u1ee3, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t ra h\u1ea1nh tu V\u00f4 \u00day th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>. Mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> m\u00f4n n\u00e0y, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span>, luy\u1ec7n cho m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span><\/span>. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 kinh kh\u1ee7ng<\/span><\/span> nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. Khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, xem t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1m. C\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i m\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3. Ti\u1ec1n t\u00e0i, danh v\u1ecdng<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tan theo m\u00e2y kh\u00f3i, ngay c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef m\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eeba m\u1ed9t ai, n\u00ean h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh<\/span><\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i thay hay b\u1ea5t tr\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed1 Th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> V\u00f4 U\u00fd<\/span><\/span> s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft ch\u00e1y, ho\u1eb7c x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span>, d\u00e1m g\u00f5 c\u1eeda c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 minh oan<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c khai th\u1ecb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea5p h\u1ed1i gi\u00fap h\u1ecd b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i<\/span><\/span>, ra \u0111i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 N\u00f3i chung, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i T\u00e2m l\u00fac b\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> b\u1eb1ng T\u00e2m Ph\u00e0m phu<\/span><\/span> l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/span><\/span>. B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> trong c\u00e1i T\u00e2m b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m linh<\/span><\/span> tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng<\/span><\/span> duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span>, n\u00ean c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> v\u00f4 bi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>:<\/i><\/b> Tu h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> gi\u00fap b\u00e0o m\u00f2n c\u00e1i Ng\u00e3, b\u1edbt \u00edch k\u1ef7<\/span><\/span>, d\u1eb9p l\u00f2ng tham s\u00e2n si<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0<\/b>2) Gi\u1edbi Ba La M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> Gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span><\/span> cho th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> lu\u00f4n trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/span>. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec d\u1ec5 t\u1ea1o 3 nghi\u1ec7p: \u00dd, L\u1eddi, Th\u00e2n. \u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef 5 gi\u1edbi, tu s\u0129<\/span><\/span> nam 250 gi\u1edbi, tu s\u0129<\/span><\/span> n\u1eef 348 gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span>. Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> Th\u1ec3. Th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 trong T\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c. Cao l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 trong T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0. Tr\u1ee5 trong T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 gi\u1eef Gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3) Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> Nh\u1eabn “l\u00e0 nh\u1ecbn, l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu<\/i> \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u00ecnh<\/i>“. Nh\u1ee5c “l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span>, x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span> l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 \u00e1i<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/i>“. Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt g\u1ed3m:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1-3) Th\u00e2n nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span>:<\/i><\/b> L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp, h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e0n n\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngh\u1ecbch c\u1ea3nh<\/span><\/span> m\u01b0a gi\u00f3, n\u00f3ng l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>, \u0111au \u1ed1m kh\u00f4ng than van tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2-3) Kh\u1ea9u nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> Th\u00e2n \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eabn ch\u1ecbu m\u00e0 mi\u1ec7ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1t ra nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tho\u00e1 m\u1ea1 l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u01b0\u1ee1i r\u1ee7a m\u1eafng nhi\u1ebfc<\/span><\/span> hay \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3-3) \u00dd nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea3 trong t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng c\u0103m h\u1eddn<\/span><\/span>, o\u00e1n h\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u00fd ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> \u0111en t\u1ed1i<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong ba nh\u1eabn n\u00e0y, \u00dd nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ec Th\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu c\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 mi\u1ec7ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span><\/span> th\u1ec3 l\u1ea9m b\u1ea9m c\u1eb1n nh\u1eb1n<\/span><\/span>, nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a. C\u00f3 khi Th\u00e2n v\u00e0 Kh\u1ea9u nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng trong T\u00e2m ng\u1ea5m ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i<\/span><\/span> nu\u00f4i \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ee5c th\u00f9<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span> b\u1eb1ng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng than van, kh\u00f4ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span><\/span>, phi\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span> ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span>. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng \u00fd ch\u00ed<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n s\u1ef1 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span>, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span> h\u1ebft n\u1ed5i s\u1ebd b\u00f9ng l\u00ean ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng, ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u1ea1nh nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span><\/span> n\u00e2ng cao<\/span><\/span> l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb<\/span><\/span> bi h\u1ef7 x\u1ea3<\/span><\/span>, t\u1eadp nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n h\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9<\/span><\/span>. Trong kinh c\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> n\u00eau g\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Ph\u00fa-L\u00e2u-Na (Purna), l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span><\/span> “\u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span><\/i>” trong Gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng, khi Ph\u1eadt c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span>, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Ph\u00fa-L\u00e2u-Na t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> xin Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> t\u1ea1i x\u1ee9 Chronaparanta, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng<\/span><\/span> r\u1ea5t hung d\u1eef. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> h\u1ecfi t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Ph\u00fa-L\u00e2u-Na:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> \u0111em \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ta \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1<\/span><\/span> cho d\u00e2n x\u1ee9 \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nghe, l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n m\u1eafng ch\u1eedi<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 sao? T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – \u00a0B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, con ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng g\u1eady \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp hay ch\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0o con. Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1 hay l\u1ea5y g\u1eady \u0111\u00e1nh \u00f4ng th\u00ec \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, con ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span>, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e9m gi\u1ebft hay \u0111\u00e1nh con \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft. Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ch\u00e9m gi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1ebft \u00f4ng th\u00ec \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, con ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u00e2n nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a con, v\u00ec nh\u1edd h\u1ecd m\u00e0 con tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span><\/span>, b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecdc th\u00fai tha, t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> khen:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 – Hay l\u1eafm! \u00d4ng nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua x\u1ee9 \u1ea5y truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Ph\u00fa-L\u00e2u-Na qua x\u1ee9 Chronaparanta truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang x\u1ee9 \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u quay v\u1ec1<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hung d\u1eef n\u1eefa. Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Ph\u00fa-L\u00e2u-Na m\u1edbi th\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 “Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c Ba-La-M\u1eadt” <\/i>ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e2n nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span>, kh\u1ea9u nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 t\u00e2m nh\u1eabn.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 nh\u1eabn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh nh\u1eabn. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu Nh\u1eabn Ba-La-M\u1eadt \u0111ang an tr\u00fa<\/span><\/span> trong T\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c hay T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e8 n\u00e9n ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00e1i Ng\u00e3. T\u1ed5 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 “B\u00e1o O\u00e1n H\u1ea1nh”<\/i> d\u1ea1y h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ecbu oan<\/span><\/span> \u1ee9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4) Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> Tinh l\u00e0 “tinh chuy\u00ean<\/span><\/span>, tinh r\u00f2ng, kh\u00f4ng xen t\u1ea1p”.<\/i> T\u1ea5n l\u00e0 “ti\u1ebfn m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng, kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n”.<\/i> Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> theo ngh\u0129a th\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 “si\u00eang n\u0103ng, chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n”.<\/i> Theo Duy Th\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span>, tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c “thi\u1ec7n<\/i> ph\u00e1p s\u1edf”<\/i> kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed9i \u00e1c<\/span><\/span>. Cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ai si\u00eang n\u0103ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c nh\u01b0 s\u00e1t sanh<\/span><\/span>, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp<\/span><\/span>, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m<\/span><\/span>, r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8 c\u1edd b\u1ea1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> hay bu\u00f4ng lung<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span> ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi hay trong \u0111\u1ea1o, b\u00ed quy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span>. Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u x\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho xe h\u01a1i ch\u1ea1y. M\u00e1y xe d\u00f9 t\u1ed1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe d\u00f9 gi\u1ecfi, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> d\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span><\/span> d\u00f9 g\u1ea7n, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea7u x\u0103ng th\u00ec xe v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m y\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7. Trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span><\/span> tu h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i>5) Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> Tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ecbnh an tr\u00fa<\/span><\/span> trong T\u00e1nh Nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> Bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi t\u1ee9c an tr\u00fa<\/span><\/span> trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 6) Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> trong \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi. Tr\u00ed d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Nana. Hu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 phi\u00ean \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u1eef Panna (P\u00e0li) hay Prajna (Skt) l\u00e0 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/span>. Tr\u00ed l\u00e0 c\u00e1i bi\u1ebft t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/span>. C\u00e1i bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y do h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft. C\u00f2n Hu\u1ec7 hay Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> bi\u1ebft si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t thu\u1ed9c Ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng do h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span><\/span>, m\u00e0 do thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh. Trong kinh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> bi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3<\/span><\/span>, Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> t\u00e2m linh<\/span><\/span>, ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span> v.v…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b>C\u00f4ng n\u0103ng<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/span><\/span>, d\u1eb9p tan m\u00e0n v\u00f4 minh<\/span><\/span>, m\u1edf c\u1eeda gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadn ra<\/span><\/span> th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span> trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> t\u00e2m linh<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span><\/span>: tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>, si\u00eau tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>, t\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span>, bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> v.v.. v\u00e0 v.v… Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span>…<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> hay h\u00e0nh B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> 6 Ba-La-M\u1eadt, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span> h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1t huy 4 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: 1) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt (Ng\u0169 Minh<\/span><\/span>), 2) Nguy\u1ec7n Ba-La-M\u1eadt, 3) L\u1ef1c Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, 4) Tr\u00ed Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. <\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> Mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> l\u1ee3i sanh<\/span><\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh<\/span><\/span> trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/span><\/span>, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span><\/span> l\u00f2ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang<\/span><\/span>. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt hay Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o to\u00e0n h\u1ea3o trong l\u00fac x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1<\/span><\/span>. C\u00f3 5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span>, trong kinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 Minh<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u0169 Minh<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 5 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: Y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng minh<\/span><\/span>; C\u00f4ng x\u1ea3o minh<\/span><\/span>, N\u1ed9i minh<\/span><\/span>, Nh\u00e2n minh<\/span><\/span>, Thanh minh<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a-1) Y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng minh<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> L\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 Y khoa, v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span>. Trong th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> Y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng minh<\/span><\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh ngo\u1ea1i khoa, th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> b\u1ec7nh \u1edf tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> s\u01a1 khai<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u00e0y nay, Y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng minh<\/span><\/span> bao g\u1ed3m<\/span><\/span> t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n sinh<\/span><\/span> v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, sinh l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> h\u1ecdc, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> h\u1ecdc, gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc, y d\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc, t\u00e2m l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span> v.v… Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c men, d\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 khi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho \u00fd ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>, ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn<\/span><\/span>, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi mang Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> ra h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn h\u1ecd tu h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 b-1) C\u00f4ng x\u1ea3o minh<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> M\u00f4n h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ef7 x\u1ea3o kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o tay ch\u00e2n, c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ch\u1ebf ra h\u00e0ng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u1ecba \u1ed1c, x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, thu\u1ebf m\u00e1, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m v.v… c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 c-1) N\u1ed9i minh<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> Mu\u1ed1n \u0111em Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>, th\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 trau d\u1ed3i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> n\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi ch\u00e9p trong Tam t\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span>: Kinh, Lu\u1eadt, Lu\u1eadn. Ngo\u00e0i ra<\/span><\/span> c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1p tu tr\u00ean th\u00e2n t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span> cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 d) Thanh minh<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> M\u00f4n h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fa th\u00edch, tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c, phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span> Kinh Lu\u1eadt Lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> ng\u00e0y nay vi\u1ec7c trang b\u1ecb cho m\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng c\u1ed5 ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span> P\u00e0li, Sanskrit, H\u00e1n c\u1ed5 c\u00f2n th\u00eam nh\u1eefng sinh ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng Anh, Ph\u00e1p, Hoa v.v… \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span> truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0<\/span><\/span> trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span> ng\u00e0y nay.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/i><\/b>g-1) Nh\u00e2n minh<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> L\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5<\/span><\/span>, n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i m\u00ecnh b\u00e0n th\u1ea3o, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ch\u1ee9ng minh<\/span><\/span> h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> (logic) v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00ecnh n\u00eau l\u00ean. N\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> lu\u1eadn l\u00fd h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span>, mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span> y l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1t huy ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> Ng\u0169 Minh<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 n\u0103m minh n\u00e0y h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0 m\u00ecnh gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 b\u00e1 t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span>. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2) Nguy\u1ec7n Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> \u00a0Ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9 tha<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3) L\u1ef1c Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span> ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4) Tr\u00ed Ba-La-M\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>:<\/b> Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span><\/span>. S\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span>. Tr\u00ed n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> Nh\u00e3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> Ki\u1ec7n To\u00e0n t\u1ee9c Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> t\u1eeb T\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> B\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh (T\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c) \u0111i v\u00e0o<\/span><\/span> T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 (T\u00e1nh Nh\u1eadn Th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> Bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi). T\u1eeb T\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> Nh\u01b0 tu ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

TH\u1eacP \u0110\u1ed8<\/span><\/span> BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b>Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n. M\u01b0\u1eddi Ba-La-M\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: 1) B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>; 2) Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>; 3) Xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span>; 4) Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span>; 5) Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span>; 6) Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>; 7) Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span>; 8) Hu\u1ec7; 9) T\u1eeb, 10) X\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b>Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c Ba-La-M\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0: B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>, Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>, Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span>, Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span>, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>. A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: Xu\u1ea5t Gia<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt, Ch\u00e2n Th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt, Quy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt, T\u1eeb Ba-La-M\u1eadt v\u00e0 X\u1ea3 Ba-La-M\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1) Xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt: <\/b>Xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 l\u00eca xa gia \u0111\u00ecnh<\/span><\/span> “ly gia c\u1eaft \u00e1i”<\/i> c\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o n\u00e2u s\u00f2ng, gia nh\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eeda, hay l\u00e0 kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1c th\u00fa<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea7n gian ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> tu s\u0129<\/span><\/span>. Xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span> tho\u00e1t tr\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span>, tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>, l\u00eca xa tam gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> (d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>, s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>, v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng xa hoa<\/span><\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 \u1ea3o huy\u1ec5n, th\u00fa vui d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 tho\u00e1ng qua trong ch\u1ed1c l\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 th\u1eafng m\u00ecnh, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span><\/span> m\u1ecdi th\u1eed th\u00e1ch<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 tham d\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> t\u00e0i, s\u1eafc, danh, th\u1ef1c, thu\u1ef3 … n\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 thanh danh<\/span><\/span>, t\u00e0i s\u1eafc<\/span><\/span>, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> vinh hi\u1ec3n cao qu\u00fd th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n quy\u1ebfn r\u1ee7, hay n\u00f3i<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nh\u1eefng tham \u00e1i<\/span><\/span> d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng<\/span><\/span> th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> qu\u00ean l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> thanh \u0111\u1ea1m<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2) Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> S\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t. Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chung quanh. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 sau: “Ta<\/i> l\u00e0m sao th\u00ec ta n\u00f3i v\u1eady. Ta n\u00f3i sao ta l\u00e0m v\u1eady!”.<\/i> Gi\u1eefa l\u1eddi n\u00f3i<\/span><\/span>, \u00fd ngh\u0129<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span><\/span> tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 sinh kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span> m\u1ecdi thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. Khi trong t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> hay kh\u1edfi l\u00ean \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span><\/span>, ta ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadn ra<\/span><\/span> r\u1eb1ng ta \u0111ang kh\u1edfi v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> hay kh\u1edfi l\u00ean \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0 Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u00e1c \u00fd<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n \u00fd<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00a0Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadn ra<\/span><\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00fang hay sai, m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o duy\u00ean cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 3) Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> Khi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> lay chuy\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n tu \u0110\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng l\u01a1 l\u1eedng<\/span><\/span>. S\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y, do tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y<\/span><\/span> ta tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4) T\u1eeb Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> Th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n chia<\/span><\/span> ranh gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>. T\u00e2m T\u1eeb<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1t huy ra “Bi”<\/i> v\u00e0 “H\u1ef7<\/i>“. T\u00e2m T\u1eeb<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi B\u1ed1-Th\u00ed Ba-La-M\u1eadt. C\u00f3 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 10) X\u00e3 Ba-La-M\u1eadt:<\/b> Cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec X\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>, l\u00e0 T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0, l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> T\u00e2m thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span>, r\u1ed5ng rang, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1ch quan\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 K\u1ebeT LU\u1eacN<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 Theravada v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t Tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nhau ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span>. Theravada th\u00ec tin r\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 A-La-H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn 10 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c Ba-La-M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span>, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A-La-H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o. Khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ed9 sinh<\/span><\/span>. Khi m\u1ea5t th\u00ec nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> n\u1eefa. C\u00f2n h\u1ec7 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-La-H\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> tu h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> theo 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c Ba-La-M\u1eadt,\u00a0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> th\u1eeba h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n m\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1o ho\u00e1<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed<\/span><\/span>, thi\u1ec1n sinh<\/span><\/span> c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> t\u00e2m linh<\/span><\/span>, v\u00ec th\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> t\u1eadp h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>, t\u1eadp gi\u1eef g\u00ecn<\/span><\/span> n\u0103m gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd, t\u1eadp t\u00e1nh Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ecbn. V\u1ec1 Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec si\u00eang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c d\u1eef, si\u00eang h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi<\/span><\/span> Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> t\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> to\u1ea1 thi\u1ec1n<\/span><\/span> gi\u1eef t\u00e2m \u00fd trong s\u1ea1ch<\/span><\/span>. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/span><\/span> kinh nghi\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 T\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng T\u1ee9, l\u00ean \u0110\u1ecbnh Kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> T\u1ea7m Kh\u00f4ng T\u1ee9, Ch\u00e1nh Ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> T\u1ec9nh Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi t\u1edbi \u0110\u1ecbnh B\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 T\u00e2m Nh\u01b0. C\u00f2n Tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span> do \u0110\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t sanh, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1t Hu\u1ec7 th\u00ec \u00edt ra ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tu\u1ec7 tri<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> theo tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau: B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb l\u00f2ng tham. Tr\u00ec Gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span>, nh\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>. Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfng. Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span>. Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb si m\u00ea<\/span><\/span>. B\u1ed1 th\u00ed<\/span><\/span>, Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>, Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 tu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/span>. Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span>, Tr\u00ed Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 tu Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>. H\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span><\/span> L\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 “Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Hu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> ” <\/i>\u0111\u1ed3ng tu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Theo tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, tuy ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span><\/span> th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span> tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span>. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> s\u1ed1ng Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p<\/span><\/span>, t\u0103ng ni\u1ec1m tin<\/span><\/span> n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh<\/span><\/span>. Tu t\u00e1nh<\/span><\/span> quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1t huy tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span>. Ph\u00e1t huy T\u00e2m T\u1eeb<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd d\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng s\u00e2n h\u1eadn<\/span><\/span>, ganh t\u1ef5<\/span><\/span>, ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t<\/span><\/span>, \u00edch k\u1ef7<\/span><\/span>. T\u00e2m X\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> T\u00e2m thanh th\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span>, r\u1ed5ng rang. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem t\u00e2m n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span>, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> Ba-La-M\u1eadt l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh, b\u1eadc A-La-H\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh, b\u1eadc A-La-H\u00e1n, th\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m phu<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span>. V\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin<\/span><\/span> v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tin nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> tu h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. Th\u1eadt may m\u1eafn<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span> qu\u00fd b\u00e1u<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt T\u1ed5<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> r\u00fat ng\u1eafn<\/span><\/span> th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span> trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> s\u1ee9c m\u00f2 m\u1eabm<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> khi x\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span><\/span> bao nhi\u00eau gian kh\u1ed5 m\u1edbi t\u00ecm ra<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> V\u00f4 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nam M\u00f4<\/span><\/span> Hoan H\u1ef7<\/span><\/span> T\u1ea1ng B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t Ma Ha T\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

TH\u00cdCH N\u1eee<\/span> H\u1eb0NG NH\u01af<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

28-11-2019<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[ad_1] T\u00ecm Hi\u1ec3u Kh\u00e1i Qu\u00e1t V\u1ec1 A-la-h\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea1o V\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1oTh\u00edch N\u1eef H\u1eb1ng Nh\u01b0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 D\u1eaaN NH\u1eacP \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 hai h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 Theravada v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t-Tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ec7\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8114,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-8113","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8113","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8113"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8113\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8114"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8113"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8113"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8113"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=8113"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}