{"id":8214,"date":"2020-12-10T09:51:37","date_gmt":"2020-12-10T02:51:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/2020\/12\/10\/quan-niem-ve-duc-phat-theo-phat-giao-nguyen-thuy\/"},"modified":"2020-12-10T09:51:37","modified_gmt":"2020-12-10T02:51:37","slug":"quan-niem-ve-duc-phat-theo-phat-giao-nguyen-thuy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/10\/quan-niem-ve-duc-phat-theo-phat-giao-nguyen-thuy\/","title":{"rendered":"Quan Ni\u1ec7m V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Theo Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y"},"content":{"rendered":"

[ad_1]
\n<\/p>\n

\n
Quan Ni\u1ec7m<\/span> V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span> Theo Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\u00a0<\/span>

Th\u00edch Trung \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Gi\u00e0

<\/span><\/div>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Th\u00edch Ca<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf gian<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span> tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi<\/span><\/span> kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> an l\u1ea1c<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>. Khi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>. Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e2n chia<\/span><\/span> b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau k\u1ef3 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> l\u1ea7n hai t\u1ea1i Vaisali, 100 n\u0103m sau khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda b\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang b\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 20 b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i<\/span><\/span> mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ecb bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> trong hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> l\u1edbn hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y<\/span><\/span> nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eadc T\u00f4n t\u00fac<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch<\/span><\/span> l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u1eefa quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Danh t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>\u00a0(Mahayana)<\/i>\u00a0v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>\u00a0(Hinayana)<\/i>\u00a0kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span>. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span> danh t\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span> danh t\u1eeb Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> Nam t\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 th\u00e2n c\u00e0nh l\u00e1 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span>, ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>, cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> l\u1edbn trong s\u1ef1 dung h\u00f2a<\/span><\/span>, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span>. Hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span>, \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 Kim cang th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>. C\u1ea3 ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Th\u00edch Ca<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>. Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn c\u00f3<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>. Ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 trong s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o<\/span><\/span> ngu\u1ed3n kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span> P\u0101li l\u00e0m n\u01a1i y c\u1ee9<\/span><\/span> ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu<\/span><\/span>. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 Srilanka, Th\u00e1i Lan, Mi\u00ean Ma, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 Campuchia. Theo l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span>, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span><\/span> trong kinh P\u0101li r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh<\/span><\/span>, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1n t\u1eeb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span> cao qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. \u201c\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7 kheo<\/span><\/span>, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> cao qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: \u201cNh\u01b0 Lai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>. Th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u1ea5ng \u0110i\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu<\/span><\/span>, b\u1eadc Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n thi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u1ea5ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span>, l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>.\u201d Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f2n xem \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, hay Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. \u201cB\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, theo ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span><\/span> cao qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>, v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> cao s\u00e2u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p. Ai th\u1ea5y Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0Kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span> theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span>. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span>. N\u00ean ai th\u1ea5y duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ai th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0\u201cCh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean sinh<\/span><\/span>, di\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng duy\u00ean di\u1ec7t, ng\u00e3 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i Sa m\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> thuy\u1ebft.\u201d<\/i>\u00a0L\u00fd gi\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> s\u00e2u s\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span><\/span> trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n kinh<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong kinh Kim Cang<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u1ed9i dung t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span><\/span>, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u0103n phong kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng<\/span><\/span> cao c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p t\u1ee9c ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span>. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> Tam th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>. Thay v\u00ec l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 tam th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span>, Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span> nh\u1ea5t khi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n<\/span><\/span> trong khi minh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0\u00a0Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> Ph\u00e1p.\u00a0<\/i>Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh, A-la-h\u00e1n Mah\u0101-kacc\u0101na m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y; ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edf ra t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> tri th\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span>, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> cao nh\u1ea5t, Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf<\/span><\/span> \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span><\/span>, b\u1eadc Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span>\u00a0(Tath\u0101gata).<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/span><\/span> trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc<\/span><\/span> P\u0101li gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span> thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span> ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p\u00a0\u2018dhamma-k\u0101ya\u2019<\/i>\u00a0(P\u0101li, Skt\u00a0dharma-k\u0101ya<\/i>), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/span> trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span> (Mah\u0101y\u0101na).\u00a0K\u0101ya<\/i>\u00a0c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u00e2n\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u2018b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp\u2019, bao g\u1ed3m<\/span><\/span> m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u00e2m linh<\/span><\/span>. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 \u00edt hay s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u, do \u0111\u00f3, dhamma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, hay ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span>. Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u2018ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t\u2019 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ee9 hai, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb, v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n ni Mah\u0101-paj\u0101pat\u012b, m\u1eb9 k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. \u201cV\u0101se\u1e6d\u1e6dha, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c tin<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0o Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp<\/span><\/span>, v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng lay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia<\/span><\/span>, brahmin, th\u1ea7n, m\u0101ra hay brahm\u0101 hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span>, n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> con c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, sinh ra t\u1eeb mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra b\u1edfi Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. L\u00fd do<\/span><\/span> cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1edfi v\u00ec, V\u0101se\u1e6d\u1e6dha, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span>, \u2018ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3\u2019 (ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t) l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>\u00a0(Dhamma-k\u0101yo<\/i>), ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span><\/span> (ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t) l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t (brahm\u0101), \u2018tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u00e1p,\u2019 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> cao nh\u1ea5t.\u201d Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>. Hay gi\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1p, gi\u1ed1ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng<\/span><\/span> n\u00f3i ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span><\/span>, xua tan m\u1ecdi t\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span><\/span> (Buddha nature)<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt \u0111ang ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n<\/span><\/span> trong m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span>. Ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span>, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span>, vi\u00ean m\u00e3n<\/span><\/span>. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00f4 minh<\/span><\/span>, tham \u00e1i<\/span><\/span> che l\u1ea5p<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1<\/span><\/span>, Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng? Nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i kinh<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn \u2018ba m\u01b0\u01a1i hai \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i\u2019, r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u00e0i kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00e1nh xe ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> vi di\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3<\/span><\/span> v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span>, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span> l\u00ean qua nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp. Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u00e0 la m\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t trong ba m\u01b0\u01a1i hai \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh b\u00e1nh xe, v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span>. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t C\u00e0n th\u00e1t b\u00e0<\/span><\/span>, hay m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y (v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd) nh\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu<\/span><\/span>, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt. Sau \u0111\u00f3, B\u00e0 la m\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> Do\u1e47a, theo d\u1ea5u<\/span><\/span> ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, th\u1ea5y Ng\u00e0i ng\u1ed3i \u1edf g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y: duy\u00ean d\u00e1ng<\/span><\/span>, truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng<\/span><\/span>, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> y\u00ean b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00e2m an l\u1ea1c<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0 y\u00ean t\u0129nh, (nh\u01b0) m\u1ed9t con voi ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>. \u00d4ng ta \u0111i t\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u201cTh\u01b0a Ng\u00e0i, Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng? Kh\u00f4ng, brahmin, t\u00f4i\u00a0\u00a0kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb C\u00e0n-th\u00e1t-b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng? Kh\u00f4ng, brahmin, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t C\u00e0n-th\u00e1t-b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean? Kh\u00f4ng, brahmin, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>. V\u1eady Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi? Kh\u00f4ng, brahmin, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n, C\u00e0n th\u00e1t b\u00e0<\/span><\/span>, lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> Ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn. Ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 hoa sen<\/span><\/span>, sinh ra t\u1eeb b\u00f9n, l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong b\u00f9n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/span> m\u00f9i b\u00f9n. Ta sinh ra trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>, l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m<\/span><\/span> m\u00f9i \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u do Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tu t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/span>. V\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> \u0111i theo<\/span><\/span> con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> trong J\u0101taka v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span><\/span> nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea3i qua<\/span><\/span> v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ebfn nay<\/span><\/span> m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span>. Ph\u1ea7n j\u0101taka P\u0101li Canon ch\u1ee9a 547 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng th\u01a1, v\u00e0 v\u0103n xu\u00f4i<\/span><\/span> b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn<\/span><\/span> m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span>, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nghi ng\u1edd<\/span><\/span> g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> d\u00e2n gian \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> trong J\u0101taka minh h\u1ecda m\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0\u2018s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o\u2019<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a Bodhisatta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span>, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span><\/span>, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c<\/span><\/span>, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>, l\u00f2ng t\u1ed1t<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> \u00e1i. M\u1ed7i trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span>, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u2018s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> cao h\u01a1n\u2019\u00a0(upap\u0101ram\u012b),<\/i>\u00a0sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u2018s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u2019\u00a0(paramattha-p\u0101ram\u012b; Buddhava\u1e43sa).<\/i>\u00a0\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span>. Trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh tu<\/span><\/span> t\u1eadp Ba la m\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh v\u0103n ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n \u201cArahant\u201d. Ngh\u0129a \u0111en<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1eadc \u1ee9ng c\u00fang\u201d, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m xong m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span> tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> trong \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ecd b\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sanh t\u1eed<\/span><\/span>. \u201cN\u00e0y X\u00e1-l\u1ee3i-ph\u1ea5t, ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n.\u201d (Arahantta Sutta: Sa\u1e43yutta-nik\u0101ya IV.252, trans. P.H.) Hay kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: s\u1ef1 an t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span>, an t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 an t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> \u00fd h\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span>, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn m\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> g\u1ed3m: th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span>, nghi, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span>, d\u1ee5c, s\u00e2n, h\u1eefu \u00e1i<\/span><\/span>, v\u00f4 h\u1eefu<\/span><\/span> \u00e1i, m\u1ea1n, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/span><\/span>, v\u00f4 minh<\/span><\/span>. T\u1ee9c \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn n\u0103m h\u1ea1 ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn s\u1eed v\u00e0 n\u0103m h\u1ea1 ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebft s\u1eed<\/span><\/span>. \u201cPh\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh d\u0129 th\u00e0nh, b\u1ea5t th\u1ecd h\u1eadu h\u1eefu<\/span><\/span>.\u201d M\u1ed9t n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> A-la-h\u00e1n c\u00f3 ba ngh\u0129a: nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1 tam \u0111\u1ed9c<\/span><\/span> t\u1eb7c, nh\u1ecb \u1ee9ng nh\u01a1n thi\u00ean c\u00fang v\u00e0 tam lai th\u1ebf<\/span><\/span> b\u1ea5t sanh<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0Sandhicchedo<\/i>, ngh\u0129a \u0111en<\/span><\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 nh\u00e0, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 tan c\u0103n nh\u00e0 do tham \u00e1i<\/span><\/span> thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/span><\/span>. A-la-h\u00e1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0Hat\u0101vak\u0101so<\/i>, ngh\u0129a \u0111en<\/span><\/span>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i hay nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp may<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i v.v… B\u1edfi l\u1ebd c\u00e1c B\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho s\u1ef1 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y<\/span><\/span>, n\u00ean c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eeb m\u1ecdi tham \u00e1i<\/span><\/span> b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1o tu\u1ec7 Si\u00eau<\/span><\/span> Th\u1ebf cao nh\u1ea5t (A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o), v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> m\u1ed9t B\u1eadc kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng<\/span><\/span>, B\u1eadc th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u<\/span><\/span> v\u00f4 sanh<\/span><\/span>, B\u1eadc ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i<\/span><\/span>, v\u00e0 B\u1eadc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i; v\u1ecb \u1ea5y x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 B\u1eadc t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> nh\u00e2n (Uttamapuriso<\/i>), B\u1eadc v\u00f4 d\u1ee5c (Vitaraga<\/i>), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111i t\u00ecm b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> cho r\u1eb1ng, qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> cao t\u1ed9t nh\u1ea5t trong con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> th\u00e1nh v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-la-h\u00e1n.\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn m\u1ecdi l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0T\u01b0ng \u01afng B\u1ed9 Kinh<\/span><\/span> III, ph\u1ea9m \u2018Tham Luy\u1ebfn\u2019, ph\u1ea7n \u2018Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng gi\u00e1c\u2019 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a:\u00a0\u201cNh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span>, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>, do y\u1ebfm ly<\/span><\/span>, ly tham<\/span><\/span>, \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> s\u1eafc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1eadc Gi\u1ea3i Tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span>, Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>.\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Theo\u00a0Bhikkhu Bodhi,<\/i>\u00a0Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o<\/span><\/span> B\u1eafc t\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb<\/span><\/span> A-la-h\u00e1n v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng trong kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span> P\u0101li s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/span> t\u1eeb c\u00e2u ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng<\/span><\/span> v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> (iti pi so bhagav\u0101 araham samm\u0101 sambuddho<\/i>\u00a0…);\u00a0m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, v\u1ecb A La H\u00e1n<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/span><\/span> r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>, tam mi\u1ec7u tam b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/span><\/span>\u00a0(Sambodhi),<\/i>\u00a0b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef<\/span><\/span> Tam Mi\u1ec7u Tam B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1<\/span><\/span> (Sambuddha Samma<\/i>) v\u00e0 Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>. M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span>\u00a0(savaka)<\/i>\u00a0c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt Ho\u00e0n H\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span> Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>. V\u00e0 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra<\/span><\/span> con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> \u1ea5y r\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y cho h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span> th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> theo.\u00a0Tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/span><\/span> th\u00eam, ch\u00fang ta<\/span><\/span> n\u00ean ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>,\u00a0t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n, Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb<\/span><\/span> N\u0103m Tri\u1ec1n c\u00e1i<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec5m t\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> khi\u1ebfn cho tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> y\u1ebfu \u1edbt<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 an tr\u00fa<\/span><\/span> t\u00e2m v\u00e0o B\u1ed1n Ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> B\u1ea3y Gi\u00e1c chi<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>.\u00a0Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, tuy nhi\u00ean<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> chung v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> A-la-h\u00e1n. T\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kinh t\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span>\u00a0Nik\u0101ya<\/i>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 gi\u1eefa Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n, l\u00e0 \u201cM\u1ed9t b\u1eadc Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> Gi\u00e1c Ng\u1ed9\u2019 v\u00e0 \u2018m\u1ed9t T\u1ef7 kheo<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> b\u1edfi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u2019:\u00a0N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sai bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span>, b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 b\u1eadc T\u1ef7-kheo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> nh\u1edd tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span>.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i<\/span><\/span> con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1o l\u00fd<\/span><\/span> th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> vi di\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y s\u1ef1 th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> vi di\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> cho ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span>. T\u1ee9c ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt.[14]<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span> s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> A-la-h\u00e1n nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/span><\/span>:\u00a0\u201cNh\u01b0 Lai, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, Ch\u00e1nh \u0110\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>, l\u00e0m cho kh\u1edfi l\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> (tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia) ch\u01b0a kh\u1edfi, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc \u0111em l\u1ea1i con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> (tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia) ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em l\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span> (tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia) ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>, b\u1eadc tri \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span>, b\u1eadc ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span>, b\u1eadc thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00f2n n\u00e0y, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb s\u1ed1ng theo \u0111\u1ea1o, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c<\/span><\/span> th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u<\/span><\/span> (\u0111\u1ea1o).\u201d<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 \u00edch cho s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp<\/span><\/span> gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng b\u1ed9 kinh<\/span><\/span>\u00a0(Sa\u1e43yutta Nik\u0101ya)<\/i>\u00a0ghi l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i\u00a0Kosambi<\/i>\u00a0trong r\u1eebng\u00a0Sisap\u0101<\/i>. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m ng\u00e0i l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i l\u00e1\u00a0Si\u1e41sap\u0101<\/i>\u00a0n\u1eb1m r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7 kheo<\/span><\/span> l\u00e1 trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a Ta l\u00e0 \u00edt hay l\u00e1 trong r\u1eebng\u00a0Sisap\u0101<\/i>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u00edt? T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> r\u1eb1ng, l\u00e1 trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u00edt h\u01a1n l\u00e1 trong r\u1eebng\u00a0Sisap\u0101.<\/i>\u00a0Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y:\u00a0\u201c\u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7 kheo<\/span><\/span>, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ta bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 l\u00e1 trong r\u1eebng Sisap\u0101, nh\u01b0ng ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ta gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 n\u1eafm l\u00e1 trong l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay. V\u00e0 n\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7 kheo<\/span><\/span> t\u1ea1i sao ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang? V\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/span><\/span>, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span>, khinh an<\/span><\/span>, \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n<\/span><\/span>, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/span><\/span> ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o<\/span><\/span>, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do<\/span><\/span> t\u1ea1i sao ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang.[1]<\/sup><\/b><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh v\u0103n, v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o<\/span><\/span> s\u0129 Vaccahagotta h\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>; kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>. V\u1eeba c\u00f3 v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>. V\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p<\/span><\/span> nh\u1eadn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0o trong b\u1ed1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ch\u00e1y b\u1ecb d\u1eadp t\u1eaft<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u. Cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cl\u1eeda\u201d (nhi\u1ec7t) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1<\/span><\/span> c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0o. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, h\u1ebft nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u,<\/i> m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0o. Ngay c\u1ea3 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u2018s\u00e2u s\u1eafc\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span>, do \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf<\/span><\/span> b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng<\/span><\/span> th\u00f4ng qua, n\u0103m h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. Milindapa\u00f1ha (tr.73), m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u1eadu kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n<\/span><\/span> n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> v\u1eabn \u2018t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i\u2019 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9\/b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p (Dhamma-k\u0101ya), v\u00ec Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y Ph\u00e1p.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n kinh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cN\u00e0y Vaccha, th\u00f4i v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, v\u00f4 tri<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng! Th\u00f4i v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, m\u00ea m\u1edd (c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng)! N\u00e0y Vaccha, s\u00e2u k\u00edn l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y, kh\u00f3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span>, an t\u1ecbnh<\/span><\/span>, th\u00f9 th\u1eafng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb<\/span><\/span>, ch\u1ec9 b\u1eadc tr\u00ed m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u. Th\u1eadt r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 cho \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi \u00d4ng thu\u1ed9c tri ki\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c, kham nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c, \u0110\u1ea1o s\u01b0<\/span><\/span> kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0 n\u00e0y Vaccha, nay Ta tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> h\u1ecfi \u00d4ng. H\u00e3y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> n\u1ebfu \u00d4ng kham nh\u1eabn<\/span><\/span>. N\u00e0y Vaccha, \u00d4ng ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> \u00d4ng, \u00d4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> t\u00f4i?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Gotama, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> t\u00f4i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu, n\u00e0y Vaccha, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi \u00d4ng nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> \u00d4ng, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y do duy\u00ean g\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf?\u201d, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1eady, n\u00e0y Vaccha, \u00d4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Th\u01b0a T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Gotama, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> \u00d4ng, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y do duy\u00ean g\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf?\u201d, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1eady, th\u01b0a T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Gotama, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> t\u00f4i, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecf do duy\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ee7i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 N\u00e0y Vaccha, n\u1ebfu ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u1ea5y b\u1ecb t\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> \u00d4ng, \u00d4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> t\u00f4i?\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Gotama, n\u1ebfu ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> t\u00f4i\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 N\u00e0y Vaccha, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi \u00d4ng nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cNg\u1ecdn l\u1eeda n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eaft tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t<\/span><\/span> \u00d4ng, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u1ea5y t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0o, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc, hay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam?\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1eady, n\u00e0y Vaccha, \u00d4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span> th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2013 Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span> \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Gotama. V\u00ec r\u1eb1ng, n\u00e0y T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3<\/span><\/span> Gotama, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e1y v\u00ec duy\u00ean nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ee7i. Khi c\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u1ee7i \u1ea5y h\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1eaft.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u00e0y Vaccha, do s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0y, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>, c\u1eaft t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, l\u00e0m cho nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ta-la kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span> trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, n\u00e0y Vaccha, l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span>, th\u00e2m s\u00e2u<\/span><\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f3 d\u00f2 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1y nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span>. Kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>. Do th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>, c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, l\u00e0m cho nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y ta-la kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sanh<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh kh\u1edfi<\/span><\/span> trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c, n\u00e0y Vaccha, l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span>, th\u00e2m s\u00e2u<\/span><\/span>, v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f3 d\u00f2 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1y nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng<\/span><\/span> kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>.\u201d[2]<\/sup><\/span><\/p>\n

Khi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t<\/span><\/span>, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc<\/span><\/span> v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t<\/span><\/span>, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n<\/span><\/span> c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span>, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> b\u1eadc th\u00e2m s\u00e2u<\/span><\/span> v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110o\u1ea1n kinh v\u0103n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh<\/span><\/span> r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u2018sau khi ch\u1ebft\u2019, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ng\u1ee5 \u00fd s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian<\/span><\/span>) \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua<\/span><\/span> m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. R\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i (\u2018thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp\u2019 nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>, ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span><\/span>), v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span>, hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111ang \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i<\/span><\/span> h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac<\/span><\/span> v\u0129nh c\u1eedu? M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb B\u00e0 la m\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Xin h\u00e3y cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, th\u01b0a Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span>, v\u00ec Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft b\u1edfi Ng\u00e0i. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>: \u201cKh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p<\/span><\/span> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> n\u00e0o cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn<\/span><\/span> m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/span><\/span>, Upas\u012bva. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. Khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf<\/span><\/span>, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span> b\u1ecf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n, th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> vi di\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span>.\u201d Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft hay sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span>. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1ebft hay sau khi ch\u1ebft<\/span><\/span> ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sinh<\/span><\/span> trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sanh t\u1eed<\/span><\/span>. Nh\u01b0 Lai<\/span><\/span> tho\u00e1t ngo\u00e0i v\u00f2ng sanh t\u1eed<\/span><\/span> n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eadm th\u00e2m<\/span><\/span> vi di\u1ec7u<\/span><\/span> kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i<\/span><\/span>, quan ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/span> v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y<\/span><\/span> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh<\/span><\/span> ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span>. Hay l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n<\/span><\/span> c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c<\/span><\/span>, l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n<\/span><\/span> x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ca t\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/span>, t\u00e1n th\u00e1n<\/span><\/span> v\u00e0 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng<\/span><\/span>. Kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba<\/span><\/span>, m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/span><\/span> nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i<\/span><\/span> truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/span><\/span> m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span> ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/span><\/span>. V\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt trong v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/span><\/span> thi\u00ean b\u00e1 \u1ee9c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/span><\/span>, t\u00f9y theo<\/span><\/span> s\u1edf nguy\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span>, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n<\/span><\/span> c\u00e1c th\u00e2n t\u00f9y duy\u00ean<\/span><\/span> h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9<\/span><\/span> ch\u00fang sanh<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/i><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/sup>\u00a0S.V.437. Woodward. Vol.5, p. 370, See,\u00a0Harcharan Singh Sobti, Nibb\u0101na in Early Buddhism<\/i>, EBL, Delhi, 2011, p. 122.<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/sup>\u00a0Aggi-vacchagotta Sutta: Majjhima-nik\u0101ya I.486\u2013488, trans. P.H.<\/span><\/p>\n

[3] Common Buddhist Text: Guidance And Insight From The Buddha<\/i> (Chief Editor: Venerable Brahmapundit), 2016.<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00edch Trung \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[ad_2]
\n
Ngu\u1ed3n : Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[ad_1] Quan Ni\u1ec7m V\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Theo Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean Th\u1ee7y \u00a0Th\u00edch Trung \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8215,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[104],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-8214","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-giai-dap-nghi-hoac"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8214","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8214"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8214\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8214"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8214"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8214"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=8214"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}