Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Bardo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 khai th\u1ecb nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t sinh t\u1eed. Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3n kinh v\u0103n \u201cBardo Thodol\u201d \u2013 mang ngh\u0129a \u201cgi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t th\u00f4ng qua t\u00ednh nghe trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung gian Bardo\u201d. B\u1ea3n kinh v\u0103n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy nguy\u00ean v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VIII v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 tr\u1ee9 t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh khi Ng\u00e0i t\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c Himalaya.<\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/p>\n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t sinh t\u1eed. Theo l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Vua h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p Trisong Detsen, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e2n du \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c Himalaya, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n, truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1p,thu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1eafc \u00e1m khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng H\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a m\u00ea t\u00edn, t\u00e0 gi\u00e1o tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba linh thi\u00eang c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba. Nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1p v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang sinh, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec1u kho t\u00e0ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m xa x\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi huy\u1ec1n k\u00fd nh\u1eefng kho t\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9 Terton t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Bardo Thodol ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng kho t\u00e0ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh khai th\u1ecb v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 VIII v\u00e0 v\u1ecb minh phi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Yeshe Tsogyal c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, kho t\u00e0ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 XIV m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9 b\u1edfi v\u1ecb Terton danh ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 Karma Lingpa tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai thi\u00eang thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c Himalaya khi Ng\u00e0i m\u1edbi 15 tu\u1ed5i. M\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, nh\u1edd c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh W.Y. Evans-Wenz, cu\u1ed1n Bardo Thodol \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, theo ch\u01b0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eed th\u01b0\u201d<\/strong> (s\u00e1ch d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft) m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n kim ch\u1ec9 nam cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u00ecnh an, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n Theo khai th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p V\u01b0\u01a1ng Gyalwang Drukpa, h\u00f3a th\u00e2n ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Quan \u00c2m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n t\u00e1i sinh trong lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang sinh, Bardo \u2013 b\u00ed m\u1eadt ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt sinh t\u1eed – ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n b\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t hy h\u1eefu. Bardo th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng. Bardo l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n, c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5 \u0111au v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. V\u00ec v\u1eady, gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Bardo l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 nh\u1eefng B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt sinh t\u1eed.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u1eb1m \u1edf ch\u1ed7, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t sinh t\u1eeb, khai th\u1ecb cho ch\u00fang sinh, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang sinh hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i sinh v\u00e0 t\u1eed hay s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t trong d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c mi\u00ean vi\u1ec5n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u1ea4n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua v\u00e0 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh sinh t\u1eed, v\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh Bardo \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, khoa h\u1ecdc, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7y th\u1ee9c nh\u1eafc, c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1eeb bi v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng mong ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y cho ch\u00fang sinh con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xa c\u00e1c c\u1ea1m b\u1eaby \u0111\u1ecda l\u1ea1c. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Bardo v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. V\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3, Bardo l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t trong kho t\u00e0ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eeba.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/p>\n (<\/span>\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p V\u01b0\u01a1ng Gyalwang Drukpa quang l\u00e2m \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o Th\u00e1p Mandala T\u00e2y Thi\u00ean, 2014)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n C\u00e1c b\u00e0i li\u00ean quan\u00a0<\/p>\n <\/span><\/span> \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\n(Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u01b0 Li\u00ean Hoa Sinh)<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/div>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/1607623956_532_Bardo-Nguon-goc-giao-phap-Bardo.jpg\"\/)
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Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng Bardo l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Bardo c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Bardo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201ctr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung gian\u201d, l\u00e0 khe h\u1edf gi\u1eefa hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chia t\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian hay ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian co du\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh tay c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Bardo. T\u1eebng gi\u1edd t\u1eebng ph\u00fat c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u1edf trong Bardo. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Bardo.
L\u00fd do ch\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng Bardo ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau khi ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u00ec sau khi ch\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng vi t\u1ebf. Hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i, che ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a x\u00e1c th\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u00fd, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i Bardo sau khi ch\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Khi th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u1edf trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i vi t\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 l\u00fac c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 du h\u00e0nh kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t… Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung gian sau khi ch\u1ebft, th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m phi th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c Bardo.<\/p>\n
\nBardo – Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Sinh t\u1eed – c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ng\u00e0n v\u00e0ng<\/a><\/p>\n