[ad_1]
\n<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c Narada (Narada Maha Thera) c\u00f3 th\u1ebf danh l\u00e0 Sumanapala. Ng\u00e0i sinh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 7, 1898 t\u1ea1i Kotahena, ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Colombo, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00edch Lan (Sri Lanka).<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0i xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh trung l\u01b0u tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 d\u00f2ng La-san \u0111\u1ea1o Gia-t\u00f4. D\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, ng\u00e0i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i h\u1ecdc th\u00eam ti\u1ebfng Sanskrit t\u1eeb H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Palita, tham d\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3a gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i tu\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Paramananda trong v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 18 tu\u1ed5i ng\u00e0i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xu\u1ea5t gia, th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi Sa di v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p danh l\u00e0 Narada, v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y b\u1ed5n s\u01b0 l\u00e0 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vajiranana, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb danh t\u0103ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ea7y truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Revata, v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 T\u1ef3 kheo Pelene. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0i theo h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n
Sa di Narada th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi c\u1ee5 t\u00fac (t\u1ef3 kheo) v\u00e0o n\u0103m l\u00ean 20 tu\u1ed5i. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u00edch Lan (Ceylon University College), v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 danh ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Sumangala, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Chandrasena, v\u00e0 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Pereira (v\u1ec1 sau xu\u1ea5t gia, v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Kassapa r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng).<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 30 tu\u1ed5i, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111i tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9a Mulagandhakuti t\u1ea1i Saranath (Xa-n\u1eb7c), Benares (Ba-na-l\u1ea1i), \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u00e0 tham gia c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Jawaharial Nehru m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111i truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u2013 Cam B\u1ed1t, L\u00e0o, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, M\u00e3 Lai. T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n r\u1ea5t n\u1ed3ng h\u1eadu. Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Cam B\u1ed1t t\u00f4n vinh ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00f4n Gi\u1ea3 (Sri Maha Sadhu).<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i ra ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u0103m 1955, ng\u00e0i sang \u00dac, v\u00e0 gi\u00fap t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bang New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania v\u00e0 Queensland.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1956, ng\u00e0i du h\u00e0nh sang Anh qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 T\u01b0\u1edfng Ni\u1ec7m 2.500 n\u0103m sau ng\u00e0y \u0110\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i gi\u00fap c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a danh ti\u1ebfng mang t\u00ean Ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n (London Buddhist Vihara).<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0i sang Hoa K\u1ef3 ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung th\u1ec9nh thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i \u201c\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt\u201d t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e0i k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m Washington (Washington Memorial) tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t c\u1eed t\u1ecda r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 Nh\u01b0 Lai r\u1ea5t h\u0103ng h\u00e1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh, thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe, v\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930, mang theo nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e1nh c\u00e2y b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: Ph\u00fa L\u00e2m (Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn), C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c, V\u0129nh Long \u1edf mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Nam b\u1ed9, Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a, Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Tuy, V\u0169ng T\u00e0u \u1edf mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam b\u1ed9, ra \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Trung (\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t, Hu\u1ebf) v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc (Vinh, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i).<\/p>\n
Trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950, khi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i T\u0103ng gi\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, h\u1eb1ng tu\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a K\u1ef3 Vi\u00ean (Qu\u1eadn Ba, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n) thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn nghe, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn xin quy y v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1963, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p Th\u00edch Ca Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u00e0i t\u1ea1i V\u0169ng T\u00e0u, ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u1edf V\u0129nh Long.<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c th\u1eddi thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt s\u1ef1, ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p sang Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. C\u00e1c t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch:<\/p>\n
\u2013 H\u1ea1nh Ph\u00fac Gia \u0110\u00ecnh (Parents and Children),<\/em> \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n \u201c\u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p\u201d (The Buddha and His Teachings) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng hai th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng: Anh v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t. B\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef do \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m Kim Kh\u00e1nh chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch, v\u1edbi 4.000 quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1970, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n th\u00eam 4.000 quy\u1ec3n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, quy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 1998, \u00f4ng Kh\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00f3, d\u1ef1a theo \u1ea5n b\u1ea3n Anh ng\u1eef cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u00e0i vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0i vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y Ch\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt 2 th\u00e1ng 10, 1983, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 85 tu\u1ed5i, t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Vajirarama n\u01a1i ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ch\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0i. Tang l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed T\u00edch Lan c\u1eed h\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdng th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c t\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n \u00d4ng Ph\u1ea1m Kim Kh\u00e1nh vi\u1ebft: \u201cPh\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00e2m s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ea3i kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i b\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3m nhu\u1ea7n t\u1eeb bi v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c B\u1ed5n S\u01b0. Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.\u201d<\/p>\n V\u00e0 \u00f4ng Premadasa, th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00edch Lan n\u0103m 1979, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cNg\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh \u2014 qua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1ecb tha b\u1ea5t c\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i \u2014 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac an l\u00e0nh cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.\u201d<\/p>\n Ngu\u1ed3n: Trung T\u00e2m H\u1ed9 T\u00f4ng<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u2013 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o \u2013 Di S\u1ea3n Tinh Th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a D\u00e2n T\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Buddhism<\/em>
\u2013 Heritage of Vietnam),<\/em>
\u2013 Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o T\u00f3m L\u01b0\u1ee3c (Buddhism in a Nutshell),<\/em>
\u2013 T\u1ee9 V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00e2m (Brahma Vihara),<\/em>
\u2013 Nh\u1eefng V\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ebfp Nh\u00e2n Sinh (The Problems of Life),<\/em>
\u2013 Nh\u1eefng B\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u0103ng Tr\u1ea7m (The Eight Worldly Conditions),<\/em>
\u2013 Kinh Ni\u1ec7m X\u1ee9 (Satipatthana Sutta), \u2013 Kinh Ph\u00e1p C\u00fa (The Dhammapada)<\/em>
\u2013 Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p To\u00e1t Y\u1ebfu (The Manual of Abhidhamma), v.v\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n