{"id":9045,"date":"2020-12-22T23:49:41","date_gmt":"2020-12-22T16:49:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tamhoc.org\/?p=9045"},"modified":"2020-12-22T23:49:54","modified_gmt":"2020-12-22T16:49:54","slug":"le-hoi-trong-truyen-thong-phat-giao-nguyen-thuy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/2020\/12\/22\/le-hoi-trong-truyen-thong-phat-giao-nguyen-thuy\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

Trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u1ef1a theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n gian truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hay h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c.\u00a0\u00d0a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n. Cho n\u00ean l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u du\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eb1m r\u00fat ra nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cho T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tu h\u1ecdc. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 th\u1ecd h\u1ea1nh \u00d0\u1ea7u \u00d0\u00e0, th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7, t\u1ec9nh ni\u1ec7m nghe ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n h\u1ea7u gieo duy\u00ean l\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia c\u01b0 s\u0129 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt h\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tu t\u1eadp c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


1. \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang (M\u00e0ghap\u00f9ja)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n


V\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang, c\u00f3 hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0tuy\u00ean h\u1ee9a v\u00e0 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng ba th\u00e1ng n\u1eefa Ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n (cho n\u00ean ng\u00e0y n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt di ch\u00fac), hai l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u00d0\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng t\u1ea1i Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1.
Kinh \u00d0\u1ea1i B\u00e1t Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n c\u00f3 ghi: m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m tr\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p, sau khi th\u1ecd trai \u1edf t\u01b0 gia ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean Cunda, Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ng\u1ef1 ngang \u0111\u1ec1n th\u00e1p P\u00e0vala. Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o \u00c0nanda r\u1eb1ng: “N\u00e0y \u00c0nanda, b\u1ea3o th\u00e1p n\u00e0y tuy c\u0169 nh\u01b0ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u1ea1i th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 do \u0111\u1eafc T\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n T\u00fac c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd l\u00e2u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u”. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh thay, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, do n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng che t\u00e2m tr\u00ed khi\u1ebfn \u00c0nanda kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u th\u00e2m \u00fd c\u1ee7a\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 Ananda cung th\u1ec9nh Ng\u00e0i \u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n gian th\u00eam n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh. \u00d0\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang, Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1edd khi \u00c0nanda \u0111i ngh\u1ec9 v\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt: “B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n, nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed l\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadp N\u00edp-b\u00e0n. V\u1eady h\u00f4m nay xin th\u1ec9nh Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, v\u00ec l\u1ebd T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ea1i gia l\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t gia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u”. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u00f9ng tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c chi\u1ebfu r\u1ecdi v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng: “N\u00e0y Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng! C\u00f2n ba th\u00e1ng n\u1eefa Nh\u01b0 Lai s\u1ebd nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t”.
Trong kinh c\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i, v\u1eeba khi Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi v\u1edbi Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec tr\u1eddi rung \u0111\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba n\u1ed5i phong ba, gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i t\u1ee9 b\u1ec1, hoa l\u00e1 h\u00e9o s\u1ea7u. \u00c0nanda nghe ti\u1ebfng rung chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e8n v\u00e0o b\u1ea1ch th\u1ebf T\u00f4n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Nh\u01b0 Lai v\u1eeba h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n ba th\u00e1ng n\u1eefa s\u1ebd nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n”. \u00c0nanda nghe n\u00f3i th\u1ebf kh\u00f3c than, bu\u1ed3n t\u1ee7i v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u xin Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n hoan h\u1ef7 \u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gian th\u00eam n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo tu h\u00e0nh. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi \u00c0nanda r\u1eb1ng Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd cho \u00c0nanda h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00c0nanda th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u.
\u00d0\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean, ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Caturangasannip\u00e0ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u00ec s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng h\u1ed9i, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d0\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n chi:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


– \u00d0\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang,- \u00d0\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 1250 v\u1ecb t\u1ef7 kheo, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Ng\u00e0i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh,- S\u1ed1 t\u0103ng h\u1ed9i 1250 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t gia l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n Lai T\u1ef7 kheo (Ehibhikhu), v\u00e0- C\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng.
\u00d0\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng n\u00e0y khai m\u1ea1c \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang \u00e2m l\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m t\u1ecbnh x\u00e1 (Veluvana). Trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft cho 1250 v\u1ecb t\u1ef7 kheo v\u1ec1 Ba La \u00d0\u1ec1 M\u1ed9c Xoa (Patimokkha), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n:
– Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t: Gi\u00e1o gi\u1edbi Ovadapatimokkha, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i th\u00e0nh ba c\u00e2u k\u1ec7 ng\u00f4n:
Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c (Sabbab\u00e0bassa akaranam),L\u00e0m c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0nh (Kusalassu upasampad\u00e0),Gi\u1eef t\u00e2m \u00fd trong s\u1ea1ch (Sacittapariyotapanam).
\u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 Lai v\u1eady.
– Ph\u1ea7n hai: Ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 An\u00e0patimokkha, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i chu\u1ea9n y gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt cho Ch\u01b0 t\u1ef7 kheo ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 B\u1ed1 t\u00e1t (Uposatha) m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng hai k\u1ef3 nh\u1eb1m ng\u00e0y 15 v\u00e0 30 (ho\u1eb7c 29). L\u1ec5 B\u1ed1 t\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t gia qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh nghi\u00eam, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u01a1 s\u00f3t trong ti\u1ec3u gi\u1edbi th\u00ec ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/td><\/tr>
 <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam truy\u1ec1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n g\u00ecn gi\u1eef truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y v\u00ec Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u00f2n th\u00ec Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n. Trong ba t\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng theo th\u1eddi gian, Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t sau c\u00f9ng. Khi n\u00e0o Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t th\u00ec l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi m\u1ea1t ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5.
\u00d0\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1edbi\u00a0Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng<\/a>\u00a0t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nghi l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1c nhau: nh\u01b0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng, l\u1ec5 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, l\u1ec5 quy y, l\u1ec5 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, l\u1ec5 th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0… nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i gieo duy\u00ean l\u00e0nh trong ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p.
\u00d0\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u00d0\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0 (Dhutanga): th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0– m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y hy sinh v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a tha nh\u00e2n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed tham gia h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00eam v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, Chi\u00eam b\u00e1i X\u00e1 l\u1ee3i, H\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n, V\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, H\u00e1i hoa ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p, Lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o v.v. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0, qua nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u0103n c\u1ee7a\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam ni\u1ec1m tin v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u1edf Tam b\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


2. \u00dd ngh\u0129 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 (Ves\u00e0khap\u00f9ja)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n


\u00d0\u00e3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng v\u00e0 B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y sinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c T\u1eeb ph\u1ee5. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam tru\u1edbc n\u0103m 1963, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 8 th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u00d0\u1ea3n sanh, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 y c\u1ee9 theo \u00d0\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 \u00c2m l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt \u00d0\u1ea3n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u01a1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed3ng 8 th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt \u00d0\u1ea3n.
Theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a\u00a0Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng<\/a>, B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ea3n sanh, B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t th\u00e0nh \u00d0\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng danh t\u1eeb “B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t” (\u00d0\u1ea3n sanh v\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o) do v\u00ec quan ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 “Th\u1ecb Hi\u1ec7n” c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca \u1edf c\u00f5i Ta b\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec Ng\u00e0i khi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00e1c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 (Ba-la-m\u1eadt) trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 n\u00ean ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y Ng\u00e0i m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sanh. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u00ean Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00d0\u1ea3n sanh v\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ea3n sanh v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n P\u00e0li kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn quan ni\u1ec7m cho r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i (b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh A-la-h\u00e1n, Ph\u1eadt \u00d0\u1ed9c gi\u00e1c, v\u00e0 B\u1eadc Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c) l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Tam gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1i sanh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Tam gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng ph\u00e0m phu. Cho n\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb “th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n” trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. Tuy \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e2u thu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u, s\u1ebd l\u00e0m tri ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed hi\u1ec3u sai kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3 N\u00edp-b\u00e0n. C\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp N\u00edp-b\u00e0n th\u00ec v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n Tham S\u00e2n Si. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i kinh trong Trung b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ghi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9: “C\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng xu\u1ed1ng, chuy\u1ec7n n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, sau ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e1i sanh n\u1eefa”. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o c\u00e2u kinh Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y tr\u00ean th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c “th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n” c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 theo quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.
Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 \u00c2m l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a\u00a0Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng<\/a>\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t l\u00fac ba s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n (Tam h\u1ee3p): B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ea3n sanh, B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt B\u00e1t N\u00edp-b\u00e0n.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

* B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u00d0\u1ea3n sanh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng T\u01b0, Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef K\u00cdNH M\u1eeaNG PH\u1eacT \u00d0\u1ea2N. \u00d0\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh, bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb B\u1eafc ch\u00ed Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a c\u1eed r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec, n\u00f3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd th\u00ec Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3n sanh m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea3n sanh. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3n sanh th\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ki\u1ebfp n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea3n sanh th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 35 tu\u1ed5i Ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1?
Theo th\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3n P\u00e0li, b\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt T\u00f4ng (Bhuddhavamsa) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00f3 ba h\u1ea1ng B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp 10 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 (Ba-la-m\u1eadt): B\u1ed1 th\u00ed, Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, Xu\u1ea5t gia, Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, Tinh t\u1ea5n, Nh\u1eabn n\u1ea1i, Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, T\u00e2m t\u1eeb v\u00e0 T\u00e2m x\u1ea3 ba-la-m\u1eadt. M\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 chia l\u00e0m ba c\u1ea5p: b\u1edd kia, b\u1edd tr\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1edd cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 B\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd kia l\u00e0 B\u1ed1 th\u00ed t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 con. B\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd tr\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft v\u00e0 t\u1ee9 chi, tim, gan… B\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng. Cho n\u00ean B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t tu h\u1ea1nh ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh 10×3= 30 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9.
Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ba h\u1ea1ng B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t? B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t tu h\u1ea1nh Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, \u00d0\u1ee9c tin, v\u00e0 Tinh t\u1ea5n. V\u1ecb tu h\u1ea1nh Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1eeb l\u00fac ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian 20 A t\u0103ng k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 100 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp. A-t\u0103ng k\u1ef3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 trong kinh ch\u1ec9 cho m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 vu\u00f4ng v\u1ee9c 16 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0n trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i, m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf nh\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebfn khi n\u00e0o h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 1 A t\u0103ng k\u1ef3. C\u00f2n 100 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp, ki\u1ebfp \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1ecb tu h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ee9c tin ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea5t 40 A t\u0103ng k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 100 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp. V\u1ecb tu h\u1ea1nh Tinh t\u1ea5n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian 80 A t\u0103ng k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 100 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp. Trong kinh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca tu h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt Di l\u1eb7c tu h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Tinh t\u1ea5n.
Ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i b\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt T\u00f4ng (Buddhavamsa) c\u00f3 ghi r\u1eb1ng khi ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9, Ng\u00e0i h\u00f3a sanh tr\u00ean c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ea9u Xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0 (Tusita), c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Setaketu. V\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y duy\u00ean l\u00e0nh h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7, Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean trong 10 ng\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed9i l\u1ea1i cung th\u1ec9nh Ng\u00e0i gi\u00e1ng ph\u00e0m xu\u1ea5t gia tu t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh. Ng\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea3n sanh theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 sau:
1. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3: Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd ch\u00fang sinh th\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 1000 tu\u1ed5i m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m 100 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00ec s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u ch\u00fang sanh d\u1ec5 du\u00f4i.
2. Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9: Trung \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 giai c\u1ea5p, ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5, b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n, nh\u1edd th\u1ebf lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ec5 h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n.
3. D\u00f2ng d\u00f5i: ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c Sakya. Trong 30 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp cu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i sanh trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n.
4. Ch\u00e2u: Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ecdn Nam thi\u1ec7n B\u1ed9 Ch\u00e2u v\u00ec \u1edf ch\u00e2u n\u00e0y lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 thi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 \u00e1c, n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng li\u1ec5u ng\u1ed9 khi nghe Ph\u1eadt gi\u1ea3ng.
5. Cha m\u1eb9: Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ecdn vua Suddhodana v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh h\u1eadu Mah\u00e0-may\u00e0dev\u00ec v\u00ec nh\u1ecb v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0n ki\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ee9c.
Khi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi gi\u00e1ng tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u \u00e2m l\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch n\u0103m sau Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea3n sanh \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u00e2m T\u1ef3 Ni. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 S\u00e1u, r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 n\u0103m Tu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Siddhattha (S\u0129-\u0111\u1ea1t-ta).
Ng\u00e0i ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 bao nhi\u00eau h\u00e0i nhi kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb hoen \u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01a1 u\u1ebf m\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 bu\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh minh. \u00d0i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea3n sanh, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao qu\u00ed \u0111\u1ea3n sanh.
Sau khi \u0111\u1ea3n sanh, \u0111\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t m\u1edf m\u1eaft ng\u00f3 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb ti\u00ean c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00f4ng hoa cho Ng\u00e0i. Ng\u00e0i b\u00e8n quay m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eafc, ung dung b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i b\u1ea3y b\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t tay ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t tay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea5t, \u1ee9ng kh\u1ea9u :
Aggohamasmi lokasmimSettho ettho gianuttaroAyaca antim\u00e0 j\u00e0tiNatthid\u00e0ni punabbhavo.
D\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a:
\u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfp ch\u00f3t c\u1ee7a taDuy\u00ean sinh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefaTr\u00ean tr\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5tTa l\u00e0 b\u1eadc ch\u00ed t\u00f4n
Sau khi \u1ea5y, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t rung chuy\u1ec3n, hoa \u01b0u \u0111\u00e0m n\u1edf, chim h\u00f3t l\u00edu lo, n\u00fai Tu Di d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n thi\u00ean. Kinh c\u00f3 ghi sau khi \u1ee9ng kh\u1ea9u xong Ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 mu\u00f4n tri\u1ec7u h\u00e0i nhi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


* B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Ng\u00e0i sanh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh vua ch\u00faa v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u00f3ng m\u1edd s\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00eam. \u00d0\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i du ngo\u1ea1n b\u1ed1n c\u1eeda th\u00e0nh, Ng\u00e0i nh\u00ecn t\u1eadn m\u1eaft c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng s\u0129. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd cu\u1ed9c v\u00e2n du \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho Ng\u00e0i ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp t\u1eeb mu\u00f4n v\u1ea1n tri\u1ec7u ki\u1ebfp qua.
T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1nh ng\u1ed9 b\u1ed1n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m tr\u00ean, \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y t\u00e2m tr\u00ed mi\u00ean man ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c tho\u00e1t ly gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Khi c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Da Du \u00d0\u00e0 La, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i h\u1ea1 sanh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con, t\u00ean Rahula (La-h\u1ea7u-la), \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam Ng\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1eeda th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t gia t\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea1o. Ng\u00e0i ra \u0111i b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3: cung v\u00e0ng \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ecdc, v\u1ee3 hi\u1ec1n con th\u01a1, cung phi m\u1ef9 n\u1eef ki\u1ec1u di\u1ec5m, cha gi\u00e0…
Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3: an l\u1ea1c, b\u00ecnh y\u00ean, ung dung, kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc, t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi Ng\u00e0i \u0111i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi con, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ng\u00e0i ra \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap ch\u00fang sanh tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Sau khi th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ee3 con v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp, t\u1ea1i sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt Ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 v\u1ee3 con… Xin th\u01b0a, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 th\u00ec v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 \u1ea9n \u00fd th\u00ec ph\u00e0m phu kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u00ednh m\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea5y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a l\u00f2ng tham th\u1ee7 trong t\u00e2m m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.
Khi b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t gia, Ng\u00e0i t\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o, nghe n\u01a1i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y tr\u1ee9 danh Ng\u00e0i li\u1ec1n t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn tham v\u1ea5n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y tr\u1ee9 danh th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1edf \u0111\u1eafc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed Ng\u00e0i kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh s\u00e1u n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u0103n ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t m\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7m h\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n da b\u1ecdc x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Ng\u00e0i nghi\u1ec7m ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i mu\u1ed1n tu ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y Ng\u00e0i. Quy\u1ebft ch\u00ed b\u1ecf kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, \u0103n ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tham thi\u1ec1n nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1. \u00d0\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 T\u01b0, c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng T\u01b0, n\u0103m D\u1eadu, Ng\u00e0i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean, Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau ca t\u1ee5ng Ng\u00e0i v\u1edbi 10 h\u1ed3ng danh: \u1ee8ng c\u00fang , Ch\u00e1nh bi\u1ebfn tri, Minh h\u1ea1nh t\u00fac, Thi\u1ec7n th\u1ec7, Th\u1ebf gian gi\u1ea3i, V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129, \u00d0i\u1ec1u ng\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu, Thi\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u01b0, Ph\u1eadt, Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n.
Trong kinh c\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00eam th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eed th\u00e1ch Ng\u00e0i, d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 tuy\u1ec7t chi\u00eau m\u1ef9 nh\u00e2n k\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a. S\u1edf d\u0129 Ng\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1edd Ng\u00e0i kh\u00e9o hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 m\u1ef9 nh\u00e2n k\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Tham S\u00e2n Si. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o di\u1ec7t tham s\u00e2n si s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ba c\u00f4 g\u00e1i Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb9p tuy\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7n. Danh t\u1eeb Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng (Mara) th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta cho l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 \u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c vua tr\u1eddi Tha H\u00f3a T\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u. Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c vua tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng theo ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng theo ph\u00e1. T\u1ea1i sao Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca b\u1ecb Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng theo ph\u00e1?
Theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u00ec m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp n\u1ecd c\u00f3 ba \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 ch\u01a1i nhau ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ed7ng g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt. \u00d0\u1ee9a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t hoan h\u1ef7 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n: do nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed xin nguy\u1ec7n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. \u00d0\u1ee9a th\u1ee9 hai nghe v\u1eady ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, n\u1ebfu m\u00e0y th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt tao s\u1ebd theo ph\u00e1 m\u00e0y. \u00d0\u1ee9a th\u1ee9 ba nghe v\u1eady ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, n\u1ebfu m\u00e0y ph\u00e1 tao s\u1ebd tr\u1ecb m\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ba \u0111\u1ee9a nh\u1ecf trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 sau th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. \u00d0\u1ee9a th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca, \u0111\u1ee9a th\u1ee9 hai tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng. Sau khi Ph\u1eadt N\u00edp-b\u00e0n ba tr\u0103m n\u0103m, v\u00e0o l\u00fac khi Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1 \u00d0\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i K\u1ebft t\u1eadp l\u1ea7n ba, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9a nh\u1ecf th\u1ee9 ba b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Sa-di A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ee5c.
Sau khi to\u00e0n th\u1eafng Ma v\u01b0\u01a1ng, trong canh \u0111\u1ea7u Ng\u00e0i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf, t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh, tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1eafc b\u1ed1n b\u1eadc thi\u1ec1n h\u1eefu s\u1eafc. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh, Ng\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc T\u00fac M\u1ea1ng Minh (pubbeniv\u00e0s\u00e0nussati). T\u00fac m\u1ea1ng minh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp, sanh ch\u00e2u n\u00e0o, t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i, d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd, cha m\u1eb9… Trong canh gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 canh ch\u00f3t Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc Thi\u00ean Nh\u00e3n Minh (Dibbacakkhun\u00e0na) v\u00e0 L\u1eadu T\u1eadn Minh. Thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n minh l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ki\u1ebfp v\u1ecb lai c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u00fang sinh, L\u1eadu T\u1eadn Minh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh trong s\u1ea1ch do nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o chi ph\u1ed1i, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ee5i tr\u1ea7n, t\u1eadn di\u1ec7t m\u1ecdi l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c.
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Thi\u1ec1n An Ch\u1ec9 (Sam\u00e0tha-bh\u00e0van\u00e0) c\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh, Ng\u00e0i chuy\u1ec3n qua Thi\u1ec1n Minh Tu\u1ec7 (Vipassan\u00e0-bh\u00e0van\u00e0), th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadn, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 Sanh. Ngay khi \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 T\u1eadp th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf. \u00d0\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, \u00a0bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 Di\u1ec7t theo Th\u1eadp Nh\u1ecb Nh\u00e2n Duy\u00ean b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecbch, ngay khi \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 Di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1o th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf qua ba lu\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai th\u1ec3 cho n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c trong Tam gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 h\u1ed3ng danh l\u00e0 Samm\u00e0sambuddho.
T\u00e2m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n an l\u1ea1c, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau khi th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o:
“Trong v\u00f4 v\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfp Nh\u01b0 Lai l\u1eb7n l\u1ed9i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm anh th\u1ee3 c\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 th\u00ec s\u1ef1 sanh \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00f4 v\u00e0n. N\u00e0y Tham \u00e1i (anh th\u1ee3), ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Nh\u01b0 Lai kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra r\u1ed3i, t\u1eeb nay ng\u01b0\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 cho ta n\u1eefa, rui m\u00e8… \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Nh\u01b0 Lai ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, t\u00e2m Nh\u01b0 Lai ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 h\u00e0nh, v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m.”
Qua l\u1eddi tr\u00ean ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i l\u00ean n\u1ed7i ni\u1ec1m \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i trong v\u00f2ng sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a c\u0169ng l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cho ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y nay. S\u1ef1 sanh \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y tham \u00e1i trong t\u00e0i s\u1eafc l\u1ee3i danh, d\u00ednh m\u1eafc, \u00edch k\u1ef7, tham lam, b\u1ecfn s\u1ebbn. Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea7m lu\u00e2n \u0111au kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean. Nay Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u00fang r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i di\u1ec7t lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 th\u00f3i Ti\u1ec1n Khi\u00ean T\u1eadt, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp. C\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh A-la-h\u00e1n Thinh v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Cho n\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh A-la-h\u00e1n Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c, th\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u \u00fd c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i th\u1eadt tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


* Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


Khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt, Ng\u00e0i t\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1o l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng \u00e1i d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh n\u00ean do d\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p. Vua tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i cao nh\u1ea5t trong tam gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean Sahampati b\u00e8n \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Tam gi\u1edbi cung th\u1ec9nh\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 hoa sen, c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00f9n, c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi b\u00f9n, l\u01b0ng l\u1eedng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eaft m\u00f9, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eaft s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n ch\u00fat b\u1ee5i d\u00ednh trong m\u1eaft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c… Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p. Do s\u1ef1 t\u00edch \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y nay khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bu\u1ed5i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i cung th\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p s\u01b0: “… Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean v\u1eabn ng\u1eadm ng\u00f9i kh\u1ea9n kho\u1ea3n, Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadm l\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng d\u0129 h\u01a1i, Quy\u1ebft l\u00f2ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1eddi, Nh\u1eafm v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u1ed9c Gi\u1ea3 Ng\u00e0i d\u1eddi ch\u01a1n sang …” (Kinh Nh\u1eadt T\u1ee5ng C\u01b0 s\u0129, T\u1ef3 kheo T\u0103ng \u00d0\u1ecbnh bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n).
B\u00e0i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u1edf Isipatana ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9 5 v\u1ecb Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0 (Kondann\u00e0) l\u00e0 kinh Chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n (Dhammacakkavattana), v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 45 n\u0103m thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0o h\u1eefu duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9.
Thu\u1eadn theo l\u1ebd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u0103m 80 tu\u1ed5i, Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 D\u01b0 N\u00edp-b\u00e0n t\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Kusinara, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1eefu \u00edch cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y hy sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00ec an l\u1ea1c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh. \u00d0\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u Ng\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1eddi Di hu\u1ea5n t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7n gian: “N\u00e0y t\u1ee9 ch\u00fang, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi gi\u00e3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ecb, Nh\u01b0 Lai khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u: c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ch\u1edb n\u00ean d\u1ec5 du\u00f4i qu\u00ean m\u00ecnh. C\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng Nh\u01b0 Lai cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p”. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec an l\u1ea1c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0ng chi \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.
C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee9c T\u00f4n S\u01b0 nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t \u1edf v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Kusinara? V\u00ec v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd. S\u1edf d\u0129 Ng\u00e0i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do sau:
– V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y x\u01b0a kia l\u00e0 n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb vua chuy\u1ec3n lu\u00e2n Th\u00e1nh v\u01b0\u01a1ng ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u g\u1eafn b\u00f3 th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i trong v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfp .
– N\u1ebfu Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Subhadda (h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt).
– N\u1ebfu Ng\u00e0i nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t \u1edf nh\u1eefng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c s\u1ee3 e X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia \u0111\u1ec1u cho c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c t\u00f4n th\u1edd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 v\u1ecb B\u00e0 La m\u00f4n Sona l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ph\u00e2n chia X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u. Do \u0111\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ra v\u00ec s\u1ef1 tranh gi\u00e0nh X\u00e1 l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i.
N\u00ean m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh ki\u1ebft l\u1ef5 \u0111ang h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 th\u00e2n x\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i v\u00f4 v\u00e0n hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, Ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh du ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Kusinara.
C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u? Danh t\u1eeb Nam ph\u1ea1n P\u00e0li “Nibb\u00e0na” (B\u1eafc ph\u1ea1n, Sankrit: Nirvana) g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n: “Ni” v\u00e0 “V\u00e0na”. “Ni” l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh. “V\u00e0na” l\u00e0 \u00e1i d\u1ee5c. \u00c1i d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y sang ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u00e1i d\u1ee5c hay luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c th\u00ec c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, trong v\u00f2ng sanh t\u1eed. Khi ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u00e1i d\u1ee5c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. Th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u1eefa, N\u00edp-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda Tham, S\u00e2n v\u00e0 Si. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tham s\u00e2n si th\u00ec ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: H\u1eefu d\u01b0 v\u00e0 V\u00f4 d\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n (Anup\u00e0disesa v\u00e0 Ap\u00e0disesa nibb\u00e0na dh\u00e0tu). H\u1eefu d\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n c\u00f2n th\u00e2n ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n, V\u00f4 d\u01b0 N\u00edp-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00e2n ng\u0169 u\u1ea9n.
V\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 d\u01b0 N\u00edp-b\u00e0n s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u? Trong kinh Milinda Panha (Vua Milanda v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea1o), Ng\u00e0i N\u00e0gasena (Na-ti\u00ean) gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 sau: Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1m h\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u01b0ng N\u00edp-b\u00e0n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh trang nghi\u00eam, ch\u00fa t\u00e2m thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec d\u00f9 \u1edf Hy L\u1ea1p, Trung Hoa, Kosala… \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1eeda, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00edch tr\u1eed m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng khi h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ec l\u1eeda ph\u00e1t sanh. C\u0169ng th\u1ebf \u1ea5y, ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng khi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee7 duy\u00ean th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u…
Trong kinh Rohitassa sutta c\u00f3 ghi Ph\u1eadt ng\u00f4n sau \u0111\u00e2y: “Nh\u01b0 Lai tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gian (\u0111au kh\u1ed5), ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t th\u1ebf gian, \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea5m th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c”.
N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn N\u00edp-b\u00e0n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, trong T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01afng b\u1ed9 kinh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: “N\u01a1i m\u00e0 b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh d\u00ednh li\u1ec1n, du\u1ed7i ra, \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y v\u00e0 di \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng”. Trong kinh Udana, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 d\u1ea1y: “Tr\u0103m s\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2ng l\u00ean qu\u00e1 cao hay xu\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec l\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh Thinh V\u0103n, Ph\u1eadt \u00d0\u1ed9c Gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt To\u00e0n Gi\u00e1c nh\u1eadp v\u00f4 d\u01b0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n m\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac hay qu\u00e1 th\u01b0a th\u1edbt”. Do l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh tr\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn.
Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf, tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n h\u01a1n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef hi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n khi n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi tham s\u00e2n si. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng \u00edt khi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang n\u00ean th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh B\u00e1t ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. T\u1ea1i sao Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n? V\u00ec Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 gi\u00e1c ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft su\u00f4ng.
L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1ecb C\u00e1 v\u00e0 anh R\u00f9a \u0111\u00e0m lu\u1eadn. Ch\u1ecb C\u00e1 l\u00e2u qu\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p anh R\u00f9a n\u00ean h\u1ecfi l\u00e2u nay anh \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u? Anh R\u00f9a \u0111\u00e1p \u0111i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n. Ch\u1ecb C\u00e1 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng tin l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a anh R\u00f9a. Anh R\u00f9a c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ecb C\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec ch\u1ecb C\u00e1 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00ean th\u0103m \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n.
\u00d0\u1ec3 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ba d\u1ecbp tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tr\u1ecdng th\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng nghi th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9. V\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed v\u00e2n t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i Tam b\u1ea3o, th\u00ednh ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e1t h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng. Bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i, ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u00eam kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4n l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5ng Cha l\u00e0nh, c\u00f9ng h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n, tu t\u00e2m, gi\u00e1c ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


3. \u00dd ngh\u0129a L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u (\u00c0s\u00e0lhap\u00f9j\u00e0)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n


C\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng P\u00e0li t\u1ea1ng th\u00ec ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f9a an c\u01b0 Ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c T\u00f4n s\u01b0. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n xa l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111a s\u1ed1 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed. D\u1ef1a theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u \u00e2m l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac b\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n:
1\/ B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t gi\u00e1ng tr\u1ea7n2\/ B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t gia3\/ \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n4\/ \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n song th\u00f4ng nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/p>\n\n\n\n


* B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t gi\u00e1ng tr\u1ea7n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


Theo b\u1ed9 kinh Ph\u1eadt T\u00f4ng, B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t tu h\u1ea1nh Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 20 A t\u0103ng k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 100 ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp. Ti\u1ec1n ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i Vessantara th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 J\u00f9jaka th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ebft tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, Ng\u00e0i t\u00e1i sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ea9u Xu\u1ea5t (Tusita) c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Santusita. \u1ede c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng trang nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 thanh t\u1ecbnh, ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y Trai gi\u1edbi: m\u1ed3ng 8, 15, 23 v\u00e0 30. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean c\u00e1c n\u01a1i v\u00e2n t\u1eadp v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 nghe \u0111\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Setaketu thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p. Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng Ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, tham thi\u1ec1n, t\u1ed9i ng\u0169 tr\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ec1 cao h\u1ea1nh xu\u1ea5t gia, ba t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5… gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i thanh tao nh\u01b0 tr\u1eddi Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean, y ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1, h\u00e0o quang s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i. Sau th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng, Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng hoan h\u1ef7, ch\u1ea5p th\u1ecd l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1o bi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 cung \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.
Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 m\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf Ng\u00e0i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00e1ng ph\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tu h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ee5 tr\u00ean c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p gi\u00e1ng ph\u00e0m. B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t Setasetu s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u00e2u su\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 4000 tu\u1ed5i. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ebf Th\u00edch v\u00e0 Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u1edf c\u00f5i Di\u00eam ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau cung th\u1ec9nh Ng\u00e0i gi\u00e1ng ph\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh. Ng\u00e0i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u:
– Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 (k\u00e0la): Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u00fang sinh s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 1000 tu\u1ed5i m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 100 tu\u1ed5i. L\u00fd do l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e2m ra d\u1ec5 du\u00f4i, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p t\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u1edbc; c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 y\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 lo m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u danh l\u1ee3i, th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian tu ni\u1ec7m.
– Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 (desa):\u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 gi\u00e0u m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 ngh\u00e8o, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee7 ph\u00e0ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m ngay trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i Di\u00eam ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec1.
– Ch\u00e2u (pad\u00ecpa): Lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf b\u1ed1n ch\u00e2u thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00d0\u00f4ng th\u1eafng th\u1ea7n ch\u00e2u (pubbavidehad\u00ecpa), T\u00e2y ng\u01b0u h\u00f3a ch\u00e2u (aparagoy\u00e0n\u00ecd\u00ecpa) , B\u1eafc c\u01b0u lu ch\u00e2u (uttarakurad\u00ecpa), Nam thi\u1ec7n b\u1ed9 ch\u00e2u (jampud\u00ecpa). \u00d0\u1ee9c B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t ch\u1ecdn Nam thi\u1ec7n b\u1ed9 ch\u00e2u, v\u00ec t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u n\u00e0y ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 v\u0103n minh ki\u00eau k\u1ef3 m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9n. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, khi g\u1eb7p Ph\u1eadt, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 l\u00e3nh h\u1ed9i gi\u00e1o l\u00fd, tu h\u00e0nh mau \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o.
– Gi\u00f2ng d\u00f5i (kula): Theo 30 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, l\u00e0 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o gi\u00e1ng ph\u00e0m v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n, n\u1ebfu v\u1eady th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i trong vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1ng ph\u00e0m trong d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i cao qu\u00fd th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ebf l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u1ebf c\u01a1, do \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t.
– Cha m\u1eb9 (m\u00e0tara): \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a Tam gi\u1edbi, cho n\u00ean cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i ki\u1ebfp cu\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau trong v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp.
Sau khi quan s\u00e1t n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean, Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd gi\u00e1ng sanh xu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7n gian \u0111\u1ec3 sau n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh. H\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 N\u0103m, R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, n\u0103m D\u1eadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


* B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t gia<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


Th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t ki\u1ebfp cu\u1ed1i khi \u0111\u1ea3n sanh 7 ng\u00e0y th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i b\u0103ng h\u00e0, h\u00f3a sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ea9u xu\u1ea5t. B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t S\u0129 \u00d0\u1ea1t Ta c\u0169ng \u1edf trong th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. Sau khi ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu M\u00e0ya b\u0103ng h\u00e0, k\u1ebf m\u1eabu Mah\u00e0paj\u00e0p\u00e0tigotam\u00ec ch\u0103m s\u00f3c th\u00e1i t\u1eed chu \u0111\u00e1o cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u00e1i t\u1eed v\u01b0\u1ee3t cung th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t gia.
Th\u00e1i t\u1eed ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao l\u00e2u, vua cha cho m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn xem t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i t\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111u\u1ee3c h\u1ecd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u1edf ho\u00e0ng cung sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh vua chuy\u1ec3n lu\u00e2n th\u00e1nh v\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t gia sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n thi\u00ean. L\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho vua cha v\u1eeba m\u1eebng v\u1eeba lo. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1eebng th\u00ec \u00edt m\u00e0 lo th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u. Trong l\u00f2ng nh\u00e0 vua suy ngh\u0129 r\u1ed3i mai n\u00e0y con ta \u0111i xu\u1ea5t gia th\u00ec v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ai?
N\u1ed7i lo ni\u1ec1m s\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vua c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u00eam ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t, v\u00ec th\u00e1i t\u1eed c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4n l\u1edbn th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c ph\u00e0m, th\u01b0\u1eddng hay tr\u1ea7m t\u01b0 , th\u00edch y\u00ean t\u1ec9nh… Nh\u00e0 vua b\u00e1o cho b\u00e1 quan v\u0103n v\u00f5 hay bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i t\u1eed , v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb nh\u00e0 vua n\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 cu\u1edbi cho th\u00e1i t\u1eed c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u1edf ho\u00e0ng cung. \u00d0\u1ee9c vua nghe v\u1eady r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc \u00fd. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Da Du \u00d0\u00e0 La (Yasodhara) \u1edf m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2n bang, con vua Thi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1c (Suppabuddha), ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o cung l\u00e0m v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i t\u1eed. C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef t\u00e0i s\u1eafc v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh \u0111oan trang, hoa h\u1eadu th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Vua cho x\u00e2y ba t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n nghi cung \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ba m\u00f9a th\u00edch h\u1ee3p: m\u00f9a l\u1ea1nh, m\u00f9a n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u00f9a m\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 cho th\u00e1i t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf. Vua cha r\u1ea5t m\u1eebng khi th\u1ea5y con s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u00eam \u0111\u1ec1m v\u1edbi Da Du.
Nh\u01b0ng ai n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e2u, sau chuy\u1ebfn du ngo\u1ea1n b\u1ed1n c\u1eeda th\u00e0nh, th\u00e1i t\u1eed nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3. Ng\u00e0i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0ng cung v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n \u00ea ch\u1ec1. C\u00f4ng ch\u00faa Da Du b\u1ea1ch h\u1ecfi: Sao th\u00e1i t\u1eed bu\u1ed3n, th\u1ea7n thi\u1ebfp c\u00f3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u chi Ph\u1eadt \u00fd th\u00e1i t\u1eed ch\u0103ng? Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1p: Kh\u00f4ng, ta t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng m\u00e3i m\u00e3i, ta nghe trong ta, trong \u00e1i khanh v\u00e0 trong m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ee9c t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u00faa th\u1eddi gian. Dung nhan ki\u1ec1u di\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a \u00e1i khanh r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb mai m\u1ed9t theo ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng, t\u00f3c \u0111en r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb phai m\u00e0u… T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1m, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac? Ta quy\u1ebft s\u1ebd tho\u00e1t ly \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c cho ta v\u00e0 cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.
H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u1ed1n c\u1eeda th\u00e0nh l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u1ea9n s\u00e2u trong t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i – gi\u00e0, b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 v\u1ecb Sa m\u00f4n, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng th\u00f4i th\u00fac Ng\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ly. M\u01b0\u1eddi ba n\u0103m chung s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Da Du r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Ng\u00e0y Da Du h\u1ea1 sanh Rahula (La-h\u1ea7u-la) t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y vui nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i t\u1eed nh\u01b0ng khi th\u00e1i t\u1eed nghe tin n\u00e0y Ng\u00e0i t\u1ef1 than, l\u1ea1i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c. Ng\u00e0i than nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ee3 con m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang sinh hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd l\u1ea7m than \u0111au kh\u1ed5 b\u1edfi m\u00e0n v\u00f4 minh, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua bi\u1ec3n sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1eeba c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111ang say s\u01b0a trong b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c vui m\u1eebng ng\u00e0y h\u1ea1 sanh Rahula, trong \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Sa N\u1eb7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1eeda th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t gia v\u00e0o n\u1eefa \u0111\u00eam. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 N\u0103m, R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, n\u0103m M\u1eb9o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


* \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


\u00d0\u00f4ng cung th\u00e1i t\u1eed S\u0129 \u00d0\u1ea1t Ta xu\u1ea5t gia n\u0103m 29 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u0103m 35 tu\u1ed5i. Khi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, tr\u1eddi Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean Sahampati cung th\u1ec9nh Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n v\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p. \u00d0\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p cho ai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 Al\u00e0rak\u00e0l\u00e0ma v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 Uddaka R\u00e0maputta, hai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1o cho Ng\u00e0i khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean b\u00e1o l\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn Ng\u00e0i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u1ed9c Uy\u1ec3n Isipatana g\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh Ba La N\u1ea1i (B\u00e0r\u00e0nasi).
T\u1eeb B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng sang v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u1ed9c Uy\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t xa, kho\u1ea3ng 18 do tu\u1ea7n, ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e1nh xe Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y du s\u0129 Upaka c\u00f3 duy\u00ean v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i, n\u1ebfu Ng\u00e0i \u0111i b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u00ec du s\u0129 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 Ng\u00e0i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1nh ng\u1ed9 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00fac duy\u00ean cho Upaka sau n\u00e0y gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i b\u1ed9. \u00d0\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1 xa x\u00f4i, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u0169ng v\u00ec t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh. Kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1eddn L\u1ed9c Uy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, n\u0103m Th\u00e2n.
Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n thay! V\u1edbi t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ea1t d\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a bao la \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng tu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u1ea4y v\u1eady m\u00e0, khi Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb gi\u00e3 v\u1edd kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n Ng\u00e0i n\u1ed3ng h\u1eadu, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1eaft h\u1ee7i Ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00e0i r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, ung dung, t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb.
T\u1ea1i sao l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, sao gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed t\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i? V\u00ec l\u1ebd chung tu v\u1edbi nhau trong th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y Sa m\u00f4n Gotama tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n da b\u1ecdc x\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d0\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i khi Ng\u00e0i nghi\u1ec7m ra ph\u00e1p tu trung \u0111\u1ea1o, Ng\u00e0i b\u1ecf l\u1ed1i tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, ng\u00e0y \u0103n m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Ngay l\u00fac Ng\u00e0i b\u1ecf l\u1ed1i tu kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00ec n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m ra \u0111i, v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 ki\u00eau cho r\u1eb1ng Sa m\u00f4n Gotama b\u00e2y gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ecb ch\u00e2n tu ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh n\u1eefa. Mang nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean khi th\u1ea5y Ng\u00e0i v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y Ng\u00e0i Gotama bu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ai ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 n\u00ean t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp Ng\u00e0i. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi oai phong c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1c khi v\u1eeba ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb chia nhau m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp r\u01b0\u1edbc Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ho\u00e0i nghi Ng\u00e0i ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ecb ho\u00e0n To\u00e0n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ho\u00e0i nghi th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p. Do \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 g\u1ecdi Nh\u01b0 Lai b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean t\u1ed9c n\u1eefa v\u00ec Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tin. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp: C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y ngh\u0129 k\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i xem t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd Nh\u01b0 Lai c\u00f3 khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng? L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 n\u0103m anh em Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129 …. Khi th\u1ea5y c\u01a1 duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103m v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p n\u1ed3ng c\u1ed1t trong tri\u1ebft l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, c\u0169ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00e0i CHUY\u1ec2N PH\u00c1P LU\u00c2N.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i ph\u00e1p Chuy\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1p Lu\u00e2n<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


N\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1:
1. Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf: tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n gian2. T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf: ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111au kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 \u00c1i d\u1ee5c3. Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf: l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh, v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, N\u00edp-b\u00e0n4. \u00d0\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf: l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Trung \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 t\u00e1m ng\u00e0nh.
T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tu t\u1eadp bao g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca. Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u: kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t kh\u1ed5. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa trong ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t 37 ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0o h\u1eefu duy\u00ean tu t\u1eadp theo t\u1eebng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0: T\u1ee9 ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9, T\u1ee9 ch\u00e1nh c\u1ea7n, T\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 \u00fd t\u00fac, Ng\u0169 c\u0103n, Ng\u0169 l\u1ef1c, Th\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c chi, B\u00e1t ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Cho n\u00ean b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 su\u1ed1t 45 n\u0103m thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh.
B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t khoa h\u1ecdc, logic v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eebng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u1edf n\u1ed9i dung uy\u00ean th\u00e2m, m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y nh\u01b0 sau:
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh, ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh, phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i… trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi (kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf). Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n gi\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u00e1i d\u1ee5c, tham s\u00e2n si (t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf).
Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng gian th\u00eanh thang, \u00eam \u1ea3, t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, c\u1ed1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, r\u00ean si\u1ebft, kh\u00f3c than kh\u1ed5 l\u1ee5y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, vui t\u01b0\u01a1i, h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean thanh b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00e1i d\u1ee5c chi ph\u1ed1i, t\u00e2m an l\u1ea1c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t (di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf).
Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1eef B\u00e1t ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, T\u1ee9 ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9… (\u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf).
Qua s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3 cho ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng l\u1ed1i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt r\u1ea5t t\u00e2m l\u00fd, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. \u00d0i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ta l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra \u0111i, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta suy x\u00e9t, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111i hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u1ea5y cao qu\u00fd, \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi h\u0103ng h\u00e1i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u00ean.
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 cho ch\u00fang sinh th\u1ea5y ni\u1ec1m \u0111au n\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 tr\u00ean cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111au kh\u1ed5. \u00d0\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u sau khi h\u1ebft kh\u1ed5 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, an l\u1ea1c, t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 Ng\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u0129nh c\u1eedu.
Kinh ghi l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi Ng\u00e0i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebf, Ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng hai \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh xa, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh \u00e9p x\u00e1c th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. M\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xa hai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Trung \u0111\u1ea1o. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m v\u1ecb Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0 m\u1edf ph\u00e1p nh\u00e3n, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3 Tu \u0111\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1eddn v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0n Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean trong tam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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 <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

* \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n song th\u00f4ng nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o<\/h4>\n\n\n\n


Trong 30 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3. \u00d0\u00e3 l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 th\u00ec v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u1ee5c l\u1ec7 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai thi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fang ni\u00eam lu\u1eadt.
Cho n\u00ean c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m k\u1ebf th\u1eeba truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng s\u00e1u nh\u00f3m ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi r\u1ea5t th\u00e2m ni\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o. T\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0:
– Pur\u00e0nakassapa- Makkhaligosana- Ajitakesakambala- Sanjayavelatthaputta- Pakuddhakaccayana- Niganthan\u00e0taputta
T\u1eeb khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi\u00a0c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eefu duy\u00ean t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i. Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u00e2m l\u00fd, tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i, ch\u00fang sinh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 duy\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ngay trong ki\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n. Do \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch ca xu\u1ea5t gia, \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tu h\u00e0nh theo s\u00e1u v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00eau tr\u00ean. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i \u00edt, \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 m\u00ecnh \u0111i theo th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Sa m\u00f4n C\u1ed3 \u00d0\u00e0m. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 ra \u0111i l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng th\u00eam c\u0103m ph\u1eabn Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u0103m th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m l\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00ean. M\u1ecdi sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb h\u1ecd theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c, nh\u1ee5c m\u1ea1, h\u1ea1 uy t\u00edn… nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 tho\u1ea3ng m\u00e2y bay.
S\u1edf d\u0129 c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Pindolabh\u00e0radv\u00e0ja v\u00e2ng l\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean \u0111i th\u00e2u b\u00e1t tr\u1ea7m tr\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i tr\u1ea7m, cho t\u1ea1c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta treo gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1ebfu ai l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1t \u00f4ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh theo n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd l\u00e0m h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. Nh\u00f3m l\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o nghe v\u1eady cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn xin nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. H\u1ecd n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd v\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u00e1t m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng. H\u1ecd t\u00ecm nhi\u1ec1u m\u01b0u m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1t tr\u1ea7m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00d4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n cho n\u00ean \u00f4ng treo gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y tr\u00f4i qua nh\u00f3m l\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o thi h\u00e0nh theo t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3.
Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng tinh s\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i Pindo v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c nghe d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3n x\u00f4n xao v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t tr\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3, n\u00ean M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean b\u1ea3o \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Pindo h\u00e3y \u0111i th\u00e2u b\u00e1t. \u00d4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u1eadn m\u1eaft \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Pindo l\u1ea5y b\u00e1t, \u00f4ng trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ee9 s\u1ef1. T\u1eeb chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea5y b\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Pindo, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 s\u00f9ng \u00e1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Sa m\u00f4n Gotama, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt hay bi\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i k\u00eau \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c Pindo v\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m t\u1eeb nay v\u1ec1 sau, \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang.
Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u1ea5m ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f3m l\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o hay bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Sa m\u00f4n Gotama c\u00f2n v\u00ec danh l\u1ee3i n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111i l\u1ea5y b\u00e1t c\u00f2n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec danh l\u1ee3i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y b\u00e1t theo l\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u1ea3. Sa m\u00f4n C\u1ed3 \u00d0\u00e0m c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eadp b\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5m ch\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi th\u1ed1 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Sa m\u00f4n C\u1ed3 \u00d0\u00e0m.
Vua A X\u00e0 Th\u1ebf hay tin ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 v\u00e0o y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c so t\u00e0i th\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n. \u00d0\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t, Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua r\u1eb1ng Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd so t\u00e0i th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Vua n\u00f3i: – B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n, c\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c Ng\u00e0i c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u00ec sao? – T\u00e2u \u00d0\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng, Nh\u01b0 Lai c\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ch\u1ee9 Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5m Nh\u01b0 Lai \u0111\u00e2u! Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u00e1o r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 so t\u00e0i th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m L\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. Ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u t\u1ea1i Savatth\u00ec.
Khi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o hay tin \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd so t\u00e0i th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, n\u00ean h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 hoang mang. V\u00ec h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, Ng\u00e0i c\u1ea5m ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u00ec ch\u1eafc Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ai ng\u1edd b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta t\u00ednh sao \u0111\u00e2y? Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee1 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1ed3i! Nh\u00f3m L\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng nhau k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 S\u00e0vatth\u00ec v\u00e0 h\u1ecd k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00f9n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y th\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 so t\u00e0i th\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi Sa m\u00f4n Gotama, n\u00ean h\u1ecd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Vua Ba T\u01b0 N\u1eb7c (Pasenadi) hay bi\u1ebft t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m l\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i lo l\u1eafng cho th\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng nao nao trong l\u00f2ng. H\u00f4m sau vua v\u00e0o l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 xin Ph\u1eadt cho \u00d0\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t th\u00e1p \u0111\u00e0i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 Th\u1ebf t\u00f4n so t\u00e0i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y xo\u00e0i.
Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0 vua Pasenadi, n\u00ean h\u1ecd cho \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ch\u1eb7t h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y xo\u00e0i trong th\u00e0nh Savatth\u00ec. \u00d0\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd so t\u00e0i v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, Ph\u1eadt ng\u1ef1 v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef v\u01b0\u1eddn Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Uy\u1ec3n th\u1ea5y xo\u00e0i ch\u00edn h\u00e1i d\u00e2ng cho Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u1eadt hoan h\u1ef7 th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p ng\u1ed3i th\u1ecd xo\u00e0i, c\u00f2n h\u1ea1t xo\u00e0i Ng\u00e0i b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u00e0o l\u1ed7 tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tay Ng\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u h\u1ea1t xo\u00e0i m\u1ecdc l\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y xo\u00e0i xanh t\u01b0\u01a1i nhi\u1ec1u hoa l\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i th\u01a1m ngon.
D\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c so t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y xo\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i ch\u00edn n\u00ean h\u1ecd h\u00e1i c\u00f9ng nhau \u0103n. H\u1ecd \u0103n xo\u00e0i th\u1ea5y h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ngon l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng, c\u00e0ng ngon h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 c\u1edb ch\u1eb7t h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y xo\u00e0i trong th\u00e0nh S\u00e0vatth\u00ec, n\u00ean h\u1ecd th\u1ea5y b\u1ecdn ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng h\u1ea1t xo\u00e0i n\u00e9m v\u00e0o b\u1ecdn ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. \u00d0\u00fang l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o nh\u00e3n ti\u1ec1n.
S\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd so t\u00e0i, b\u1ecdn ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. Li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdc b\u00e1u, r\u1ed3i Ng\u00e0i \u0111i thi\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3.Ti\u1ebfp theo, Ng\u00e0i h\u00f3a th\u00e2n, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e2n, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u Ph\u1eadt, Ph\u1eadt ng\u1ed3i, n\u1eb1m ho\u1eb7c hai v\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi nhau… Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Ng\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n song th\u00f4ng (yamakap\u00e0tih\u00e0riya), v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng Ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac hi\u1ec7n ra hai \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u: t\u1eeb th\u00e2n v\u1eeba ph\u00fan tia n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eeba ph\u00fan tia l\u1eeda; t\u1eeb th\u00e2n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0o quang xanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf… Tr\u01b0\u1edbc uy l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ecdn ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ki\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 r\u00fat lui ch\u1ea1y t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i. \u00d0\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i thuy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u00fang sinh, n\u00ean h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 k\u1ec3.
Trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt chi\u00eam nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng tu\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, Ng\u00e0i th\u1ea5y ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 sau khi d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u1eafng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ng\u1ef1 l\u00ean c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ea1o L\u1ee3i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt m\u1eabu b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1ng Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p (Abhidhamma). H\u00f4m \u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u.
T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt so t\u00e0i v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt nh\u01b0 sau:
– Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n song th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ngo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. L\u00fd do th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i th\u00eam nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ee9 ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 uy nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 oai phong c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1ed5.
– C\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 trong kinh t\u1ea1ng Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y cho r\u1eb1ng\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y tr\u00ean c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng T\u1ea1ng Vi Di\u1ec7u Ph\u00e1p (Abhidhamma) \u0111\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt m\u1eabu. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean ng\u00e0y tr\u0103ng tr\u00f2n th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u \u00e2m l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan ni\u1ec7m cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1ng Vi Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 do c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 sau n\u00e0y vi\u1ebft ra… Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed \u00f4n l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u00ean, h\u1ea7u c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 gieo duy\u00ean l\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


4. \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y
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L\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Vu lan B\u00e1o hi\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u00e3n m\u00f9a An c\u01b0 Ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1 (T\u1ef1 t\u1ee9) c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u00d0\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng, ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ghi trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng trong g\u1ea7n hai ng\u00e0n n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u00ean \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e3 ghi s\u00e2u v\u00e0o trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9 thu v\u1ec1 c\u0169ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed3ng trong s\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1c chung v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y nh\u01b0ng theo nghi th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y.
“Vu lan” ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ullambana l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u1eadu c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n treo ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, B\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ef1ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Vu lan b\u1ed3n l\u00e0 pha t\u1ea1p ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n l\u1eabn ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n treo ng\u01b0\u1ee3c (h\u1ed3n k\u1ebb th\u00e1c b\u1ecb treo ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u00e2m ph\u1ee7). C\u00f2n ti\u1ec7c Vu lan b\u1ed3n l\u00e0 th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 trong ch\u1eadu \u0111em c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c Ng\u00e0i nh\u00e2n danh Tam b\u1ea3o c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho vong h\u1ed3n kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda \u1edf c\u1ea3nh ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a kinh Vu-lan l\u00e0 do v\u1ecb s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c T\u00e2y Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ean H\u1ed9 Ph\u00e1p (Dharmaraksa) \u0111\u1eddi T\u00e2y T\u1ea5n, th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 ba ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1n sang ch\u1eef H\u00e1n.
Trong kinh n\u00e0y,\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0khuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia n\u00ean c\u1ea7u si\u00eau cho th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 v\u00e3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u an cho th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c c\u00f2n hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y. Kinh c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa l\u00e0 khi Ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o, Ng\u00e0i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u01a1n m\u1eb9, d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng quan s\u00e1t t\u00ecm m\u1eb9, th\u1ea5y m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7. Ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc, mang c\u01a1m xu\u1ed1ng d\u00e2ng m\u1eb9 nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gian, Ng\u00e0i \u0111em chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y h\u00e3y ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y khi ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng m\u00e3n h\u1ea1 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1, M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng cho m\u1eb9 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u.
Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch “B\u00f4ng h\u1ed3ng c\u00e0i \u00e1o” ra \u0111\u1eddi, ph\u00e1t sinh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t nghi th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 trong ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9, hai \u0111\u1ea5ng sinh th\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ee5c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nghi th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 – qua quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean – ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng, cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t huy v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i tr\u00ean \u00e1o m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng h\u1ed3ng theo t\u1eebng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f2n sinh ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i tr\u00ean \u00e1o m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng h\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eafm. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t m\u1eb9 th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i hoa h\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. C\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c m\u00ecnh khi c\u00f3 c\u00e0i tr\u00ean \u00e1o m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng h\u1ed3ng m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng th\u00ec c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y x\u00f3t xa th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn m\u1ea5t m\u1eb9 hi\u1ec1n, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eadn, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ch\u1ea1nh l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edb b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea3 hai gi\u1edbi t\u1ea1i gia l\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t gia. C\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y ch\u01b0 v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 s\u1eafm s\u1eeda m\u00f3n ngon v\u1eadt l\u1ea1 \u0111em c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng Tam b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u an cho gia \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u si\u00eau cho c\u1eedu huy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5t t\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 v\u00e3ng. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia, ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u ng\u00e0y t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1u c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng y ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 t\u1ee9 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0n na t\u00edn th\u00ed.
M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ghi nh\u1eadn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 trong kinh t\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 kinh n\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi quy\u1ec3n kinh Vu lan b\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 k\u1ebft t\u1eadp kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kinh v\u0103n n\u00e0o hay kh\u00f4ng, hay kinh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do phong tr\u00e0o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c th\u00eam v\u00e0o sau n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt l\u1ea1i khuy\u00ean Ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean mu\u1ed1n tr\u1ea3 hi\u1ebfu cho m\u1eb9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y? Ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, khi ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng m\u00e3n m\u00f9a an c\u01b0 n\u00ean T\u0103ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u s\u1ebd nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Nh\u1edd oai l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 si\u00eau tho\u00e1t. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng, ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u v\u00e0 ra h\u1ea1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Nam t\u00f4ng tin theo quy\u1ec3n kinh Vu lan b\u1ed3n th\u00ec h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y Vu lan b\u00e1u hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y.
C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 “Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean” do h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00d0\u1ee9c Hellmuth Hecker bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n r\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng phu, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00d0i\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch sang Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef, Nh\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m qua. Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch tuy m\u1ecfng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u kinh t\u1ea1ng nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y r\u1ea5t uy\u00ean th\u00e2m, vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac. \u00d0\u1ecdc t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp chi \u0111\u1ebfn kinh Vu lan b\u1ed3n, ho\u1eb7c v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n Ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1eb9 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, v.v. Th\u00eam n\u1eefa,\u00a0\u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o. \u00d0\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eebng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gieo gi\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o g\u1eb7t qu\u1ea3 n\u1ea5y. Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 can c\u1ee9u khi hay bi\u1ebft vua Thi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1c (cha v\u1ee3) b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t r\u00fat v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Th\u00edch Ca b\u1ecb t\u00e0n s\u00e1t. Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e9p th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t trong tam gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng qua kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, Ng\u00e0i v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 cho nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c ch\u00fang sinh tr\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3 theo chu tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0n s\u00e1t d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Th\u00edch Ca, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n hai l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn tranh, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec Ng\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd Th\u00edch Ca gieo trong ki\u1ebfp qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nay \u0111\u1ebfn chu k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3. Cho r\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0i M\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec1n Li\u00ean d\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00e1nh t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng m\u00e0 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u m\u1eb9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang T\u0103ng c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n m\u1edbi c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadn cho r\u1eb1ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m t\u00e1nh, c\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0m t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 d\u00e0nh d\u1ee5m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd h\u1ecd sau khi ta qua \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u1edb r\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 \u00a0c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n cho si\u00eau tho\u00e1t. M\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i chi tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tu t\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t.
V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u1eed li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia l\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t gia c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn hai \u0111\u1ea5ng sanh th\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9, gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p c\u00f4ng \u01a1n tr\u1eddi bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a cha v\u00e0 m\u1eb9.
H\u00f2a nh\u1ecbp trong sinh ho\u1ea1t chung c\u1ee7a\u00a0Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a>, \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y m\u1ed7i ch\u00f9a Nam t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e1t h\u1ed9i cho ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng. Nghi l\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed s\u1eafm th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 t\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1m, n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y … \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng \u0111i ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i trong ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0o trong b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng. Ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng hoan h\u1ef7 th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc kinh Ph\u00fac ch\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m ch\u00fa nguy\u1ec7n chia \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y th\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 v\u00e3ng, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecdc kinh h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 bu\u1ed5i thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbp \u00f4n l\u1ea1i tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00f4ng \u01a1n bao la c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m con l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng \u01a1n cao c\u1ea3 n\u00e0y.
Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed Nam t\u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ea3 hi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u00e0y, th\u00e1ng, n\u0103m n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd ngay. Trong kinh T\u0103ng chi, Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi con ch\u00ed hi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cha m\u1eb9 l\u00fac c\u00f2n sinh ti\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m cha m\u1eb9 phi\u1ec1n l\u00f2ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed n\u1ebfu cha m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi con ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng an tr\u00fa cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0o trong ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p, khi cha m\u1eb9 qua \u0111\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u01b0\u1edbc cho cha m\u1eb9. Ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi con \u0103n n\u00f3i th\u00f4 l\u1ed7, b\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ebfn khi cha m\u1eb9 qua \u0111\u1eddi th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c, c\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00e1i Ph\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3ng ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u si\u00eau cho cha m\u1eb9, v\u00ec r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chi c\u1ea3!
T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con nam n\u1eef ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u01a1n v\u00f4 b\u1edd b\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9. N\u1ebfu cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f2n sinh ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi con n\u00ean mua m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00ednh d\u00e2ng l\u00ean Ba m\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u01a1n ngh\u0129a sinh th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu vi di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1, ghi kh\u1eafc trong t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha y\u00eau d\u1ea5u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 hi\u1ec1n th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e0n thu v\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi con ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, tham thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp trai \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ea7u si\u00eau cho cha m\u1eb9. Tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed lu\u00f4n ghi nh\u1edb trong t\u00e2m: hi\u1ebfu h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. V\u00ec th\u1ebf b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m con ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn \u01a1n ngh\u0129a sinh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1n trong mu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y m\u1edbi nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u01a1n c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi, su\u1ed1t n\u0103m, su\u1ed1t th\u00e1ng, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng \u01a1n hi\u1ebfu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a hai \u0111\u1ea5ng sinh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


5. \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn<\/h3>\n\n\n\n


R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn \u00c2m l\u1ecbch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u00e3n m\u00f9a An c\u01b0 Ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1 (t\u1ef1 t\u1ee9) c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng Nam t\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f9a d\u00e2ng y Kathina trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, t\u1eeb 16- 9 \u0111\u1ebfn 15-10 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed r\u1ed9n r\u1ecbp, t\u01b0ng b\u1eebng v\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7 trong ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia c\u01b0 s\u0129 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ec5 ph\u1ea9m, t\u1ee9 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng v\u00e0 tham gia d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 d\u00e2ng y c\u00e1c ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y. Ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng hoan h\u1ef7 h\u01a1n v\u00ec ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u th\u00eam m\u1ed9t tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1o.
Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9 n\u00ean nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y15-6 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch c\u00f2n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc t\u00f4ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo l\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa n\u00ean nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15-4 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch. C\u1ea3 hai b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi quan ni\u1ec7m truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 \u0111\u00fang theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y ra h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y T\u1ef1 t\u1ee9 (Pav\u00e0r\u00e0na).
T\u1ef1 t\u1ee9 l\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y m\u00e3n\u00a0m\u00f9a an c\u01b0 ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1<\/a>, ti\u1ebfng P\u00e0li g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Pav\u00e0r\u00e0na, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 “th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u, t\u00f9y \u00fd”. Do \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y T\u1ef1 t\u1ee9 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y th\u1ec9nh nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m, khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00f9 th\u1ea5y, nghi ho\u1eb7c nghe v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y n\u00f3i l\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p \u00fd, ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u00fd ki\u1ebfn s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m.
Nghi th\u1ee9c s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i (Parisuddhi) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u1ef3 kheo ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng hai l\u1ea7n, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 15 v\u00e0 30 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 B\u1ed1 t\u00e1t (Uposatha). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed9t n\u0103m c\u00f3 24 l\u1ea7n c\u00e1c T\u1ef3 kheo c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 B\u1ed1 t\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u1eed h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 T\u1ef1 t\u1ee9 duy nh\u1ea5t trong n\u0103m. S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i l\u00e0 nghi th\u1ee9c n\u00eau ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh do v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh hay c\u1ed1 \u00fd ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo \u1ea5y c\u0169ng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo b\u1ea1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu trong t\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 4 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo tr\u1edf l\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 B\u1ed1 t\u00e1t. Nghi th\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 B\u1ed1 t\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng tr\u00f9ng tuy\u00ean l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u00f4n l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd tr\u00ec, n\u1ebfu vi ph\u1ea1m th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u0103ng ch\u00fang, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecbu h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea1t t\u00f9y theo gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt vi ph\u1ea1m. L\u1ec5 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, B\u1ed1 t\u00e1t v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 t\u1ee9 l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh khi Ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf, Sau khi th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, Ng\u00e0i \u0111i ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y trong T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng b\u1ed9 kinh v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng.
Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn \u00e2m l\u1ecbch c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e1c ch\u00f9a c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 ra h\u1ea1. L\u1ec5 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng do Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 d\u00e2ng y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i trai t\u0103ng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng an c\u01b0 ki\u1ebft t\u1ea1i b\u1ed5n t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 m\u1eddi c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn tham d\u1ef1. Th\u1eadt ra, bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do v\u1ecb th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 d\u00e2ng y t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec5n ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng ra h\u1ea1 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh.
Sau khi ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng ra h\u1ea1,\u00a0\u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt<\/a>\u00a0cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 d\u00e2ng y trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng t\u1eeb 16 th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn \u00e2m l\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn 15 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e2m l\u1ecbch. \u00d0i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 d\u00e2ng y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. T\u1ea1i sao khi ra h\u1ea1, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2ng y m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m? L\u00fd do \u1ea4n \u00d0\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba m\u00f9a: m\u00f9a l\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u01b0a, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t m\u00f9a c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng. Nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba th\u00e1ng, th\u1ebf n\u00ean c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e2n du ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u1edf l\u1ea1i tu vi\u1ec7n cho h\u1ebft m\u00f9a m\u01b0a. Do \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2ng y. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n trong ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ng d\u00e2ng y m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2ng y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1u Kathina.
\u00d0i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn y Kathina l\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ba th\u00e1ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t h\u1ea1, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 5 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo tr\u1edf l\u00ean, 4 v\u1ecb l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 giao y Kathina, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ecd y. V\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd y Kathina l\u00e0 v\u1ecb c\u00f3 y \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169 r\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 do t\u0103ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ecd y Kathina kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n c\u00e1ch th\u1ecd t\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0n na t\u00edn th\u00ed. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, khi nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng t\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng th\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, khi nh\u1eadn t\u0103ng y Khathina, ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng th\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7, ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp nhau trong ranh gi\u1edbi Sim\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh hai v\u1ecb tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n tr\u00ecnh t\u0103ng r\u1eb1ng: – “B\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c t\u0103ng nay t\u0103ng y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sanh \u0111\u1ebfn T\u0103ng r\u1ed3i, nay t\u0103ng giao y Kathina \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ef3 kheo… n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb hoan h\u1ef7 th\u00ec l\u00e0m thinh, l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec …, l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba… Y c\u1ee9 l\u00e0m thinh c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng t\u0103ng y giao cho T\u1ef3 kheo … th\u1ecd.”
Khi tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n giao t\u0103ng y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo… th\u00ec v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecd m\u1ed9t trong 3 y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u0103ng gi\u00e0 l\u00ea, ho\u1eb7c y vai tr\u00e1i, ho\u1eb7c y n\u1ed9i, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd 3 y. N\u1ebfu th\u1ecd y n\u00e0o th\u00ec v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i x\u1ea3 y c\u0169 v\u00e0 nguy\u1ec7n y m\u1edbi. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u1ea5y, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 n\u00f3i l\u00ean l\u1eddi t\u00f9y h\u1ef7. N\u00f3i l\u1eddi t\u00f9y h\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng v\u1eeba d\u1ee9t th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb nh\u1eadp h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u0103m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1u. \u00d0i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec h\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 d\u00e2ng y ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd y c\u0169ng h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u0103m qu\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u0103m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap cho v\u1ecb T\u1ef3 kheo thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i trong vi\u1ec7c tu h\u1ecdc, th\u1ecd th\u1ef1c, \u0111i l\u1ea1i.
Quang c\u1ea3nh bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 d\u00e2ng y th\u1eadt hoan h\u1ef7. M\u1ed7i ch\u00f9a th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c th\u00ed ch\u1ee7 t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. H\u1ecd s\u1eafm y ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Sa m\u00f4n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u mang \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00e2ng c\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng, Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ec5 ph\u1ea9m t\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i nhi\u1ec5u ba v\u00f2ng ch\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t vui t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y hoan h\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng d\u00e2ng y, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp m\u1ed7i ch\u00f9a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y d\u00e2ng y, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean nhau tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 d\u00e2ng y. Nghi th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2ng y c\u00e1c ch\u00f9a c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nhau tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t gi\u00e1o lu\u1eadt, cho n\u00ean khi tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh l\u1ec5 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.
T\u1ef3 kheo Thi\u1ec7n Minh<\/strong>
Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0http:\/\/budsas.net\/uni\/u-gioithieu-pgnt\/gioithieu-06.htm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Nam t\u00f4ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u1ef1a theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n gian truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9047,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[101],"tags":[],"td_series":[],"class_list":["post-9045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-phat-giao-nguyen-thuy-dong-truyen-thua"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9045"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9045\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9048,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9045\/revisions\/9048"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9045"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9045"},{"taxonomy":"td_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tamhoc.org\/trang-chu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/td_series?post=9045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}